Publications

the localization and function of the neutralizing protein, vp4, in human rotavirus.	the binding sites of a monoclonal antibody (mab) to human rotavirus vp4 (k-1532) on the virion surface were examined with electron microscopy and the markham photorotation method. the mab, which had both hemagglutination inhibiting and neutralizing activities, appeared to bind to the outer margin of double-shelled particles of human rotavirus, especially to the parts overlaying the tubelike channels, which seemed to be the "cover lid" of the tubelike channels that extruded radially from the core ...	1991	1646498
sequential rotavirus infections: characterization of serotypes and electrophoretypes.	few studies have characterized the rotaviruses observed in repeated infections in the same patient. rotavirus serotypes and electrophoretypes were determined from faecal samples of 24 children hospitalized between 1984 and 1989 in a clermont-ferrand hospital and who had had repeated rotavirus shedding. the patients were aged between 3 days and 4 years. fifty infections were recorded. of the 48 serotypes obtained, 18 were serotype 1 (37.5%), 10 serotype 2 (20.8%) and 20 serotype 4 (41.7%). seroty ...	1991	1647052
new developments in vaccines.		1991	1647165
epidemiology of rotavirus serotypes in melbourne, australia, from 1973 to 1989.	fecal rotavirus strains collected between 1973 and 1989 from 943 children admitted with acute diarrhea to one hospital in melbourne, australia, were serotyped by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. the assay incorporated neutralizing monoclonal antibodies specific for vp7 of the four major human serotypes (1 through 4). a serotype could be assigned to 690 of 943 specimens (73.2%). typeable strains comprised serotype 1 (72.5%), serotype 2 (6.8%), serotype 3 (2.9%), or serotype 4 (15.4%). ...	1991	1647405
neutralizing antibodies to heterologous animal rotavirus serotypes 5, 6, 7, and 10 in sera from ecuadorian children.	serum samples from 870 ecuadorian children who underwent natural rotavirus exposure were tested for neutralizing serum antibody to heterologous animal rotavirus (rv) serotypes. six percent of the sera neutralized porcine rv osu (serotype 5), 10% neutralized bovine rv ncdv (serotype 6), 4% neutralized avian rv ch-2 (serotype 7), and 8% neutralized bovine rv v1005 (serotype 10). neutralization was defined as a 90% reduction in infectious virus at a 1:100 serum dilution. the prevalence of antibody ...	1991	1647406
analysis of serotypes and electropherotypes of equine rotaviruses isolated in the united states.	equine group a rotaviruses isolated over a 10-year period in new york state, new jersey, kentucky, and texas were compared serotypically and electropherotypically. all isolates were determined to be serotype 3 by reaction with hyperimmune antiserum to the serotype 3 h-2 strain of equine rotavirus. all displayed rna electrophoretic migration patterns related to that of the h-2 strain but distinct from that of serotype 5 strain h-1. a serologic survey of 184 mares in kentucky, which was done to de ...	1991	1647407
viral gastroenteritis.		1991	1647494
human serum non-antibody inhibitors towards sa-11 rotavirus hemagglutination.	in the present work the non-antibody inhibitory activity of human serum towards sa-11 rotavirus hemagglutination (ha) has been studied. among human serum protein components, inhibitory activity was recovered in fractions iii (beta-globulin), iv (alpha-globulin) and iv (glycoprotein). additional experiments performed with purified lipoprotein sub-classes and their lipid and apolipoprotein moieties demonstrated the ability of hdl and, hdl1 to prevent sa-11 ha.	1991	1648658
comparison of human and porcine group c rotaviruses by northern blot hybridization analysis.	the genetic relationship between human and porcine gp c rotaviruses and between gp c and gp a or b rotaviruses was examined by northern blot hybridization. cross-hybridization studies using radiolabeled ssrna transcript probes demonstrated that the human and porcine gp c rotaviruses shared a high degree of nucleotide sequence homology in most of the eleven gene segments; the greatest sequence divergence was observed in gene 7. neither the human nor the porcine gp c probe hybridized strongly with ...	1991	1648897
symmetric infection of rotavirus on polarized human intestinal epithelial (caco-2) cells.	when rotavirus infects the mature villus tip cells of the small intestine, it encounters a highly polarized epithelium. in order to understand this virus-cell interaction more completely, we utilized a cell culture-adapted rhesus rotavirus (rrv) to infect human intestinal (caco-2) and madin-darby canine kidney (mdck-1) polarized epithelial cells grown on a permeable support. filter-grown caco-2 cells and mdck-1 cells, producing a transepithelial resistance of 300 to 500 and greater than 1,000 om ...	1991	1649325
rotavirus spike structure and polypeptide composition.	negatively stained preparations of rotavirus imaged with a low dose of electrons provide sufficient contrast to reveal surface projections or spikes. the number of spikes found projecting from different particles indicates that not all 60 peripentonal sites are occupied. treatment at ph 11.2 with 250 mm ammonium hydroxide specifically removes the spikes, yielding smooth double-shelled particles of the same diameter as that of the native virus. protein analysis confirms that the released spikes a ...	1991	1649333
the pathophysiology, clinical features and management of rotavirus diarrhoea.		1991	1649479
identification and partial characterization of a rhesus rotavirus binding glycoprotein on murine enterocytes.	in order to assess the possibility that rotavirus binds to a specific cellular receptor on enterocytes, we have used a viral overlay protein blot assay to study viral binding to murine intestinal brush border membranes (bbm). infectious double-shelled particles of rhesus rotavirus bound specifically to two approximately 300- and 330-kda glycoproteins from bbm prepared from suckling mice. significantly less rotavirus binding was observed when adult bbm were examined. rats have never been shown to ...	1991	1649504
epidemiology of group c rotavirus gastroenteritis in matsuyama, japan.	the epidemiology of rotavirus gastroenteritis was studied in the matsuyama district from january to may 1988. among strains of rotaviruses detected 46 showed the group c-specific page pattern of virus rna. group c rotavirus gastroenteritis occurred following an epidemic of group a rotavirus infection, primarily in children aged 4-7 years but rarely in those aged 0-1 years. this was seriologically confirmed after the epidemic. unlike the previous strains detected in matsuyama in 1985-1986, page o ...	1991	1649541
[the diagnostic value of the plain abdominal radiogram in differentiating rotavirus-negative and rotavirus-positive necrotizing enterocolitis].	clinical data and radiographic findings of 32 newborn suffering from necrotising enterocolitis were analysed [12 patients with rotavirus-positive necrotising enterocolitis (rv + nec), 20 patients with rotavirus-negative necrotising enterocolitis (rv-nec)]. the presence and degree of pneumatosis intestinalis, portal venous gas and pneumoperitoneum on abdominal radiographs were graded after kosloske et al. according to "mild, moderate, and severe". pneumatosis intestinalis occurred twice as often ...	1991	1649648
haemorrhagic colitis and haemolytic-uraemic syndrome: false positive reaction with a rotavirus latex agglutination test.	a stool sample from a child with haemorrhagic colitis and haemolytic-uraemic syndrome gave a positive reaction with the rotascreen latex agglutination test in the absence of other evidence of rotavirus infection. when this test is performed on bloody specimens, positive reactions should be interpreted with caution and confirmed by other means.	1991	1649843
simultaneous administration of two human-rhesus rotavirus reassortant strains of vp7 serotype 1 and 2 specificity to infants and young children.	two rotavirus vaccine strains representing vp7 serotypes 1 and 2 derived by reassortment between a rhesus rotavirus master strain, mmu18006, and either of two human rotavirus strains were administered simultaneously to infants and young children to assess potential interactions between strains. children were observed in a day care setting for 10 days after vaccine administration for clinical symptoms, evidence of vaccine transmission, and patterns of viral shedding. serum and local antibody resp ...	1991	1649874
protection from rotavirus reinfection: 2-year prospective study.	to measure protection induced by natural rotavirus infection, 163 infants enrolled in a rotavirus vaccine trial were prospectively followed for 2 years. serotype 1 rotaviruses were the predominant circulating strains during the study. over the 2 years of observation, significantly fewer infants infected before enrollment developed a symptomatic reinfection (0 of 21) or any reinfection (4 of 21) compared with previously uninfected infants (p = .0003). of the 60 infants who developed a primary rot ...	1991	1649875
cattle develop neutralizing antibodies to rotavirus serotypes which could not be isolated from faeces of symptomatic calves.	neutralizing antibodies against 10 serotypes of rotavirus were measured in sera from different age groups of german cattle. only five of 143 sera did not neutralize heterologous serotypes. sera from 64 of 76 calves younger than 1 year neutralized bovine rotavirus ncdv (serotype 6). from these calves, sera 54, 26, 51, 24, 12, 10 and 37, in neutralized addition, the heterologous serotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 9, respectively. thirty-eight of 46 rotavirus isolates from bavarian calves with diarrhoe ...	1991	1649894
winter dysentery in dairy herds: electron microscopic and serological evidence for an association with coronavirus infection.	faeces and, or, paired sera were collected from cows in six dairy herds with classical winter dysentery. similar samples were collected from cows in three other dairy herds experiencing non-haemorrhagic diarrhoea during the survey period. coronavirus was the only enteric pathogen identified by immune electron microscopy (iem) in all six outbreaks, occurring in 26 of 29 (90 per cent) of the affected cows and in one of 11 normal cows from the same herds. nineteen of 26 affected cows (73 per cent) ...	1991	1650053
immunogenicity of tetravalent rhesus rotavirus vaccine administered with buffer and oral polio vaccine.	between january and november 1989, we studied 174 infants aged 6 to 16 weeks in a randomized clinical trial to (1) determine the immunogenicity of a single dose of tetravalent rhesus rotavirus vaccine (rrv-tv) when administered with three different buffer regimens: no antacid buffer and small-volume (2.5-ml) and large-volume (30-ml) antacid buffer; and (2) examine the potential interference of rrv-tv on the immune response to oral polio vaccine. immunogenicity of rrv-tv, measured as a fourfold r ...	1991	1650128
rotavirus infection detected in neonates from hospitals in urban bangladesh.	a study of neonatal group a rotavirus (rv) infection in 3 hospitals of urban bangladesh identified 60 infected babies of 100 studied in 2 hospitals. preliminary evidence based on serotyping and electropherotyping suggest that these rvs differ from community strains.	1991	1650551
molecular evidence for naturally occurring single vp7 gene substitution reassortant between human rotaviruses belonging to two different genogroups.	twenty four stool rotaviruses that comprised 22 distinct electropherotypes were selected for genome analysis from the collection of diarrheal specimens obtained over an eight-year period. these 22 electropherotypes were found in 46% of the total electropherotypes identified during the previous studies and represented 328 (64%) of rotavirus specimens in the collection. when genomic rnas from these stool rotaviruses were hybridized to the 32p-labeled transcription probes prepared from prototypes r ...	1991	1650552
efficacy of colostral immunoglobulins for therapeutic and preventive treatments of calf diarrhea.	pooled colostral milk samples were collected from apparently healthy holstein cows. immunoglobulin (ig) was partially purified from the colostral milk and concentrated by freeze drying. the ig powders had neutralizing antibody titers of 1:6,250 to 1:31,250 against bovine rotavirus (rv), and reacted with four rv proteins of vp2, vp4, vp6, and vp7. no therapeutic effect of ig powder showed on clinically serious diarrhea with rv in dairy and beef calves. however, the ig powder had a preventive effe ...	1991	1650598
[rapid diagnosis in infectious diseases].	rapid detection of infectious agents has recently received a lot of interest. the aim of this article is to review its various aspects in terms of real impact on the medical handling of the infected patient as well as economical impact. few examples are developed in detail, including technical strategies: sexually transmitted diseases due to chlamydia trachomatis; gastroenteritis due to rotavirus and adenovirus, bacterial pneumonia and meningitis, and acute tonsillitis due to beta-hemolytic grou ...	1991	1650957
[antiviral effect of haemanthus albiflos leaves extract on herpes virus, adenovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus, rotavirus and poliovirus].	an hydro-alcoholic extract from haemanthus albiflos leaves (amaryllidaceae) was tested for its potential antiviral activity against two dna viruses: herpes simplex virus type i, adenovirus type 5 and three rna viruses: poliovirus type i, vesicular stomatitis virus, simian rotavirus sa 11. positive results were obtained against herpes virus and all the rna viruses tested.	1991	1651069
calcium depletion blocks the maturation of rotavirus by altering the oligomerization of virus-encoded proteins in the er.	maturation of rotavirus occurs in the er. the virus transiently acquires an er-derived membrane surrounding the virus particle before the eventual formation of double-shelled particles. the maturation process includes the retention and selective loss of specific viral protein(s) as well as the er-derived membrane during formation of the outer capsid of the mature virus. when infected cells were depleted of ca++ by use of the ionophore a23187 in calcium-free medium, membrane-enveloped intermediat ...	1991	1651336
rotavirus protein rearrangements in purified membrane-enveloped intermediate particles.	rotavirus, a double-shelled nonenveloped member of the reoviridae family, becomes transiently membrane enveloped during its maturation process, as single-shelled particles bud from cytoplasmic viroplasm structures into the adjacent endoplasmic reticulum. the present study describes the isolation of these membrane-enveloped viral intermediates from rotavirus sa11-infected ma104 cells. the enveloped intermediates comprised the proteins vp1, vp2, vp4, vp6, vp7, and ns28 and small amounts of ns35 an ...	1991	1651404
analysis of the gene encoding the outer capsid glycoprotein (vp7) of group c rotaviruses by northern and dot blot hybridization.	the genetic diversity of gene 8 (encoding the outer capsid glycoprotein vp7) among group (gp) c rotaviruses was examined by northern and dot blot hybridization. a cdna clone of the porcine gp c cowden strain gene 8 was labeled with 32p by nick translation and used as a probe. the gene 8 probe hybridized with the corresponding gene of one human (88-196) and four porcine (cowden, nb, wh, and wi) strains of gp c rotaviruses under both moderate (50% formamide, 5x ssc, and 42 degrees) and high (50% f ...	1991	1651601
immunogenicity and safety of rhesus-human rotavirus reassortant vaccines with serotype 1 or 2 vp7 specificity.	rhesus-human rotavirus reassortants incorporating the gene expressing the vp7 surface protein of human rotavirus serotypes 1 or 2, and the remaining ten genes from rhesus rotavirus (rrv) were evaluated as candidate oral vaccines in 2-4-month-old infants. a single dose of the serotype 1 reassortant vaccine which had a titre of 10(4) plaque-forming units (p.f.u.) induced a fourfold or greater antibody response in 81% of the recipients by a combination of elisa and neutralization assays; 51% of the ...	1991	1651610
effect of vitamin a deficiency on the immune response to epizootic diarrhoea of infant mice (edim) rotavirus infection in mice.	the effect of vitamin a deficiency on the immune response to epizootic diarrhoea of infant mice (edim) rotavirus was studied in mice. the virus was given by oral dosing or by intraperitoneal injection. for oral challenge, weanling mice were fed on either a control or vitamin a-deficient diet ad lib. or pair-fed the control diet to the intake of the vitamin a-deficient group. a fourth group was fed on the vitamin a-deficient diet ad lib. for 10 weeks and then refed the control diet for 2 weeks. o ...	1991	1652282
electron microscopic reporting of gastrointestinal viruses in the united kingdom, 1985-1987.	we examined some epidemiological features of the viruses associated with gastrointestinal illness, using national data reported by electron microscopists in the united kingdom. during the 3 years analyzed (1985-1987), a total of 1,993 positive detections of astroviruses, caliciviruses, coronaviruses, and small round structured viruses (srsvs) were reported. in 1 year of this period, 8,210 rotaviruses were reported. more than 90% of the astroviruses and caliciviruses were detected in children und ...	1991	1652619
detection of porcine rotavirus in stools by a latex agglutination test.	we developed a simple agglutination test for the detection of porcine rotavirus in stools from pigs with diarrhea. the virus was detected with high sensitivity and specificity by a slide agglutination test using latex particles coated with antibody against the porcine rotavirus strain osu (la-antiosu). the agglutination of la-antiosu with osu on a glass slide was evident macroscopically within 2 min. the sensitivity of this latex agglutination (la) test was four times higher than that of the ele ...	1991	1652863
[the detection of rotavirus rna in nasopharyngeal smears by molecular hybridization].	rotavirus rna was detected in nasopharyngeal washings, obtained from patients with rotavirus gastroenteritis (76.3% of cases) and gastroenteritis of unknown etiology (34.7% of cases), by the method of molecular hybridization with the use of rna of monkey virus sa11, labeled with 32p in the process of t4-ligase reaction. in 100% of cases this detection correlated with the presence of lesions of the upper respiratory ways and was probably indicative of the rotavirus nature of the catarrhal syndrom ...	1991	1652872
identification and characterization of a plaque forming avian rotavirus isolated from a wild bird in japan.	from fresh faeces of a wild bird (melanitta fusca), a virus that showed granular cytopathic effects (cpe) on chicken kidney cell (ckc) cultures was isolated. by indirect immunofluorescence analyses (ifa), this isolate reacted with an antiserum against a bovine rotavirus. the isolate produced clear plaques on ckc by conventional techniques, without trypsin. three virus plaques were selected by plaque size (small, medium, and large) and cloned by three successive plaque cloning. in the sds-page an ...	1991	1653040
non-specific immunoprecipitation of rotavirus vp6 protein with staphylococcus aureus.	the specificity of staphylococcus aureus and protein a-sepharose (pa-s) were compared in the radioimmunoprecipitation assay for the characterization of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against rotavirus proteins. five mabs directed against bovine rotavirus q17 proteins vp6 and vp7 and one mab directed against human rotavirus protein vp4 were used in this study. mabs directed against other viruses, ns-1 culture supernatant and ascitic fluid, were used as control reagents. a non-specific immunoprecipi ...	1991	1653168
rotavirus-associated diarrhea in rural bangladesh: two-year study of incidence and serotype distribution.	stools were evaluated from 5,811 patient visits for treatment of diarrhea in matlab, bangladesh, between june 1987 and may 1989. the stools were analyzed to determine the distribution of serotypes of group a rotaviruses (rv). a total of 898 stool samples (15.5%) contained rv, as determined by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. rv isolates from 855 of these samples were serotyped by using serotype-specific synthetic oligonucleotide probes. a total of 558 (65.3%) could be assigned to spec ...	1991	1653263
protection of agammaglobulinemic piglets from porcine rotavirus infection by antibody against simian rotavirus sa-11.	rotavirus, a double-stranded rna virus, has been implicated as a diarrhea-provoking agent in a variety of animal species. several previous reports have shown that immunization with a single serotype may result in increased in vitro neutralization titers against serotypes not represented in the immunogen. this study was undertaken to determine whether antibody from cows immunized against simian rotavirus strain sa-11 (which is alien to pigs) could protect neonatal piglets from infection with a no ...	1991	1653265
rotavirus infection of the oropharynx and respiratory tract in young children.	oropharyngeal aspirates were obtained from 89 infants hospitalized with respiratory illnesses accompanied or not by diarrhea and 33 control patients without the diseases. rotavirus was detected from 25 of these patients by immunocytology, isolation of the virus in cultures of ma104 cells, or both. none of the control patients gave a positive result. the infection involves squamous cells and globlet cells probably originating from the oropharynx, and ciliated columnar epithelial cells from the re ...	1991	1653306
immunogenicity and reactogenicity of rhesus rotavirus vaccine given in combination with oral or inactivated poliovirus vaccines and diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine.	immunogenicity and reactogenicity of the oral rhesus rotavirus vaccine (rrv) were assessed among 72 infants (6 weeks old) in lahore, pakistan, from august to december 1985. special emphasis was placed on the possible interaction or interference caused by giving rrv at the time infants received their first polio immunization. rrv was given to the infants at the same time as diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (dtp), oral poliovirus vaccine (opv), or inactivated poliovirus vaccine (ipv). the immune respo ...	1991	1653474
outer capsid glycoprotein vp7 is recognized by cross-reactive, rotavirus-specific, cytotoxic t lymphocytes.	cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls) generated in mice orally inoculated with rotaviruses lyse target cells infected with different rotavirus serotypes (cross-reactive ctls). using vaccinia virus recombinants expressing individual rotavirus proteins from two different rotavirus serotypes, we found that cross-reactive ctls recognize target cells expressing outer capsid protein vp7 better than those expressing outer capsid protein vp4 or inner capsid protein vp6. these findings may be relevant to vaccin ...	1991	1653488
comparative growth of different rotavirus strains in differentiated cells (ma104, hepg2, and caco-2).	the production of viral antigen after infection of ma104, hepg2 (derived from human liver), and caco-2 (derived from human colon) cells with various cultivatable human and animal rotavirus strains was compared using immunofluorescence tests. all rotavirus strains examined expressed antigen in caco-2 cells and ma104 cells, but only some virus strains, namely, sa11-cl3 (simian), rrv (simian), cu-1 (canine), and ty1 (turkey), produced antigen in numbers of infected hepg2 cells comparable to infecti ...	1991	1653495
molecular analysis of the gene 6 from a porcine group c rotavirus that encodes the ns34 equivalent of group a rotaviruses.	the complete nucleotide sequence of the gene 6 from the porcine group (gp) c rotavirus strain cowden was determined from gene 6-specific clones selected from a cdna library and from viral transcript rna. the gene is 1348 nucleotides in length with a potential initiation codon beginning at nucleotide 25 and a stop codon at nucleotide 1231. the deduced protein contains 402 amino acids. comparison of the gene 6 from this gp c strain with sequences in the genbank data base indicated that this gene s ...	1991	1653496
effect of nucleotide analogues on rotavirus transcription and replication.	the effects of several nucleoside and nucleoside triphosphate analogues were studied on rotavirus replication and transcription. nucleoside triphosphate analogues modified at sugar residues were capable of inhibiting in vitro transcription, including adenosine-9-beta-d-arabinofuranoside 5'-triphosphate, 3'-deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate, adenosine 5'-triphosphate 2',3'-dialdehyde, guanosine 5'-triphosphate 2',3'-dialdehyde, and cytosine-9-beta-d-arabinofuranoside 5'-triphosphate. two dialdehyde ...	1991	1653498
molecular cloning, sequence analysis and coding assignment of the major inner capsid protein gene of human group c rotavirus.	the vp6 gene of human group c rotavirus was cloned and sequenced. hybridization to the human group c and the porcine group c/cowden dsrna genomes assigned this coding sequence to segment 5. the complete human vp6 sequence contained an open reading frame of 1185 nucleotides (395 amino acids; deduced mr 44,669 da). the protein sequence demonstrated low homology with the group a vp6 sequences (41.7 to 42.7%) and high homology (88.9%) with the porcine group c vp6 sequence. however, the protein seque ...	1991	1653500
identification of atypical rotaviruses in outbreaks of preweaning and postweaning diarrhea in québec swine herds.	intestinal contents of diarrheic pigs from 120 outbreaks of diarrhea were examined for the presence of atypical rotaviruses. pigs involved in these outbreaks were aged two days to five weeks and samples collected over a period of one year originated from different regions of the province of québec. samples were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) for the presence of viral rna and genome profiles were compared to those of porcine rotavirus a/osu, b/ohio and c/cowden. based on el ...	1991	1653639
temporal distribution of human rotavirus serotypes 1,2,3, and 4 in venezuelan children with gastroenteritis during 1979-1989.	the temporal distribution and clinical severity of rotavirus vp7 serotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4 recovered from 427 venezuelan children with acute gastroenteritis over a period of 11 years were studied. rotavirus vp7 serotype was established by elisa serotyping in 298 (69.78%) of the specimens while the serotype of the remaining 129 (30.21%) samples could not be determined. of the specimens typed, 85 (19.90% of the total) were serotype 1, 43 (10.07%) were serotype 2, 105 (24.59%) were serotype 3, and 6 ...	1991	1653820
safety and immunogenicity of human rotavirus vaccine strain m37 in adults, children, and infants.	rotavirus vaccine strain m37 (serotype 1), recovered from the stool of an asymptomatic newborn infant and serially passaged in cell culture, was given orally to adults, children, and infants. serologic responses were detected by neutralization assay or eia in 59% of 17 adults (10(5)-pfu dose), 55%-60% of 21 infants and children (10(4)-pfu dose), and 70% of 10 infants (10(5)-pfu dose), vaccine virus was shed by 24%, 20%-36%, and 70%, respectively. in adults, neutralizing antibody rises to strain ...	1991	1654365
comparative amino acid sequence analysis of vp4 for vp7 serotype 6 bovine rotavirus strains ncdv, b641, and uk.	in a previous study (s. zheng, g. n. woode, d. r. melendy, and r. f. ramig, j. clin. microbiol. 27:1939-1945, 1989), it was predicted that the vp7 serotype 6 bovine rotavirus strains ncdv and b641 do not share antigenically similar vp4s. in this study, gene 4 and the vp7 gene of b641 were sequenced, and the amino acid sequences were deduced and compared with those of ncdv and bovine rotavirus strain uk. amino acid sequence homology in vp7 between the three strains was greater than 94%, confirmin ...	1991	1654450
the shedding of group a rotavirus antigen in a newly established closed specific pathogen-free swine herd.	a longitudinal study was undertaken in a newly established specific pathogen-free (spf) swine herd to determine the dynamics of rotavirus antigen shedding in a closed swine facility. pregnant spf gilts which populated the herd, and their offspring, were monitored weekly for three consecutive lactations. fecal samples were assayed for the presence of group-specific viral antigen by a solid phase immunoassay (elisa). results indicate that in the week prior to farrow, 35% of samples from gilts/sows ...	1991	1654666
a longitudinal study of rotavirus antibody titers in swine in a closed specific pathogen-free herd.	in a newly established closed specific pathogen-free (spf) swine herd, gilt/sow suckling and weaned pig rotavirus specific antibody titers were followed for three lactations by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to gain insight into the dynamics of herd antibody titers to group a rotavirus. among gilts/sows, serum antirotavirus igg titers increased during each lactation with a subsequent drop in titer between farrowings. serum antirotavirus igm titers declined during each lactation and wi ...	1991	1654667
association between diarrhoea and shedding of group a and atypical groups b to e rotaviruses in suckling pigs.	the frequency of shedding of rotavirus in faeces of diarrhoeic piglets was studied in 2 farms. in farm i, where 82% of the litters had diarrhoea, group a rotavirus was detected in 52/117 (44%) faeces of pigs with diarrhoea while atypical groups b to e rotaviruses were detected in 2/117 (2%) faeces of diarrhoeic piglets that came from litters where group a rotavirus had also been found. in farm ii where the morbidity due to diarrhoeas was lower (57% of the litters had diarrhoea), 8/141 (6%) faece ...	1991	1654762
[isolation of enteropathogenic microorganism from patients with infection of the digestive tract during 1976 to 1988 in tenri hospital].	enteropathogenic microorganisms isolated from feces of 9,393 patients with diarrhea or enteritis in our hospital between 1976 and 1988 were analyzed. as the result of the examination of 5,443 outpatients, 1,811 strains of pathogens were isolated from 1,686 cases (31.0%). several species including salmonella spp., escherichia coli serotype, vibrio parahaemolyticus, were isolated before 1978, and the incidence of pathogens was low (14.8%). for the 10-year period since 1979, the incidence markedly ...	1991	1655921
gangliosides as binding sites in sa-11 rotavirus infection of llc-mk2 cells.	the chemical nature of receptors involved in the attachment of simian rotavirus (sa-11) to a monkey kidney cell line (llc-mk2) was investigated. enzymic treatment of cells before virus infection indicated that membrane proteins and phospholipids are not involved in virus attachment, whereas sialic acid and galactose participate in the receptor structure to differing extents. incubation of sa-11 with bovine brain gangliosides before infection strongly reduced its ability to bind to cell membranes ...	1991	1655958
kinetics of viral replication in experimental rotavirus infection: effects of high dietary fat.	epidemiological studies suggest that dietary fat can affect the frequency and severity of diarrhoeal illnesses in childhood. to study the effects of dietary fat on the kinetics of rotavirus antigen, 3-week-old mice of rotavirus-seronegative mothers were fed isocaloric diets with 40% of the total calories as fat [either butter (high saturated fat), olive oil (high monounsaturated fat), or corn oil (high polyunsaturated fat)] with one group on low fat (10% of calories) standard diet as controls. s ...	1991	1656008
immunization with baculovirus-expressed recombinant rotavirus proteins vp1, vp4, vp6, and vp7 induces cd8+ t lymphocytes that mediate clearance of chronic rotavirus infection in scid mice.	clearance of chronic murine rotavirus infection in scid mice can be demonstrated by adoptive transfer of immune cd8+ t lymphocytes from histocompatible donor mice immunized with a murine homotypic rotavirus (t. dharakul, l. rott, and h.b. greenberg, j. virol 64:4375-4382, 1990). the present study focuses on the protein specificity and heterotypic nature of cell-mediated clearance of chronic murine rotavirus infection in scid mice. heterotypic cell-mediated clearance was demonstrated in scid mice ...	1991	1656079
relation of vp7 amino acid sequence to monoclonal antibody neutralization of rotavirus and rotavirus monotype.	the neutralization epitopes of the vp7 of human rotavirus rv-4 were studied by using five neutralizing mouse monoclonal antibodies to select virus variants resistant to neutralization by each of the antibodies. antibody resistance patterns and sequence analysis of the rv-4 variants revealed that at least four sites on vp7, located at amino acids 94 (region a), 147 to 148 (region b), 213 (region c), and 291, are involved in neutralization of the human g1 rotavirus rv-4. the a-region site elicited ...	1991	1656083
a comparison of the nucleotide sequences of cognate ns2 genes of three different orbiviruses.	the genes encoding nonstructural protein ns2 of african horsesickness virus (ahsv) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) were cloned, sequenced, and compared to the ns2 gene of bluetongue virus (btv). nucleotide similarity ranged from 53 to 60%. the length of the proteins varied from 376 amino acids (ehdv) to 365 amino acids (ahsv). the n-terminal half of ns2 is more conserved (+/- 58% similarity) among the three orbiviruses, while the c-terminal half contains a 120 amino acid region of ...	1991	1656603
sequence of a rotavirus gene 4 associated with unique biologic properties.	the genome segment 4 of the simian rotavirus variant sa 11-4f was sequenced. this gene is of probable bovine origin, and it contains a few amino acid differences when compared with other sa 11 variants (4 fm and fem) that were isolated independently and that have fast migration patterns of their gene 4 segments. hypotheses for the role of sequence changes are made relative to the unique properties of the sa 11-4f variant.	1991	1656916
genetic diversity and similarity among mammalian rotaviruses in relation to interspecies transmission of rotavirus.	to address the question whether there was any molecular evidence for interspecies transmission of rotaviruses from one animal species to another, genetic relationships among human and animal rotaviruses were examined by a series of hybridization experiments in which genomic rnas from 14 rotavirus strains derived from seven different host species were hybridized with the [32p]-labelled transcription probes prepared from 11 strains representing rotaviruses from those seven host species. in general ...	1991	1656919
development of an improved method for measuring neutralizing antibody to rotavirus.	an improved assay was developed for measuring neutralizing antibody titers against rotaviruses. this procedure used the same initial steps as performed to determine antibody titers by the focus reduction neutralization (frn) assay. however, instead of counting infected cells after staining with fluorescein, reductions in virus infectivity by neutralizing antibody were determined by quantitation of viral antigen production using an elisa. a linear relationship was found between elisa absorbance v ...	1991	1658027
epidemiological survey of human rotavirus serotypes and electropherotypes in young children admitted to two children's hospitals in northeast london from 1984 to 1990.	a retrospective and prospective survey was carried out to determine the relative frequency of rotavirus serotypes infecting children with diarrhea or vomiting or both who were admitted to the hospitals for sick children in london during a 6-year period from 1984 to 1990. the results were compared with data for the same period from a study in birmingham, united kingdom. the serotype of rotaviruses infecting 1,019 children was ascertained by enzyme immunoassay with vp7-specific monoclonal antibodi ...	1991	1658035
cultivation and characterization of novel human group a rotaviruses with long rna electropherotypes, subgroup ii specificities, and serotype 2 vp7 genes.	during an epidemiological study of human rotavirus infections in bangladesh, three group a strains hybridized with a serotype 2 oligonucleotide probe, but they had long rna electropherotypes. the three strains were collected from 8- to 20-month-old infants with acute diarrhea and moderate malnutrition. by a modified isolation procedure, two strains (t-b and t-c) were adapted in ma104 cell cultures. they were identified to be subgroup ii specific by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with subgroup ...	1991	1658036
analysis of human rotavirus strains prevailing in bangladesh in relation to nationwide floods brought by the 1988 monsoon.	the virologic character of human rotavirus strains prevailing in bangladesh was investigated in relation to the devastating nationwide floods brought by the 1988 monsoon. human rotaviruses contained in stool specimens that were collected from inpatients with infantile and adult diarrhea in two hospitals in mymensingh over a 13-month period (january 1988 to january 1989) and in one hospital in dhaka over a 3-month period (february to april 1988) were examined for their subgroup, vp7 serotype, and ...	1991	1658037
comparison of group b rotavirus genes 9 and 11.	group b rotaviruses (gbrs) were recognized recently as causative agents of gastroenteritis. investigations into the relatedness of various heterologous gbr strains have been hindered by the difficulty of growing these viruses in cell culture. viral rna extracted from experimentally infected rats used to prepare cdna clones. from these, the nucleotide sequences of genes 9 and 11 of the idir strain of gbr were determined and compared with the corresponding sequences of the human adrv strain of gbr ...	1991	1658208
assembly of double-shelled rotaviruslike particles by simultaneous expression of recombinant vp6 and vp7 proteins.	simultaneous coinfection of spodoptera frugiperda cells with baculovirus recombinants containing the genes for vp6 and vp7 of bovine rotavirus strain c486 resulted in the production of spherical particles resembling smooth, double-shelled rotavirus. these particles were predominantly located in the cell culture supernatant instead of being cell associated. pretreatment of infected-cell culture supernatants with cacl2, prior to particle purification, was found to enhance the smooth appearance of ...	1991	1658389
virus and virus-like particles in the feces of normal laboratory mice.		1991	1658473
potential role of adherence traits of escherichia coli in persistent diarrhea in an urban brazilian slum.	we examined stools from 40 children with persistent diarrhea (duration, 14 days or more), from 50 children with acute diarrhea and from 38 control children to determine infectious etiologies for persistent diarrhea in goncalves dias, an urban favela (slum) in fortaleza, ceara, brazil. children with persistent diarrhea and children with acute diarrhea had similar rates of isolation of routine viral, bacterial and parasitic enteric pathogens. routine pathogens were identified in at least 20% of cu ...	1991	1658721
preparation of a neutralizing monoclonal antibody specific to serotype 8 rotavirus strains with a super-short rna pattern.	extensive cross-neutralization tests have identified seven serotypes of rotavirus. recently, it has been reported that several human strains (69m, b37 and b38) with a super-short rna pattern carry new serotype specificity (serotype 8). by using the strain 69m as an immunizing antigen, we prepared a neutralizing monoclonal antibody (designated 69m-2d). in neutralization tests using 18 human and two animal rotavirus strains with different serotype specificities, the 69m-2d antibody was found to ne ...	1991	1658948
a comprehensive survey of pediatric diarrhea at a private hospital in metro manila.	the epidemiology of diarrhea among filipino pediatric patients, representing a cross-section of socioeconomic strata, was investigated over a one year period. rotavirus was detected in 33.9% of the diarrhea stools examined and was the leading cause of diarrhea in the study population. although proportionately more rotavirus was found during the cold season, most children became infected with rotavirus during the rainy season, when diarrheal disease was at its peak in metropolitan manila. enteric ...	1991	1658949
rotavirus infection in calves in bangladesh.	faecal samples from 434 calves under 1 year of age (307 diarrhoeal and 127 normal) were collected from three dairy farms and one village in selected areas of bangladesh. the samples were tested by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to detect the presence of rotavirus antigen. of 402 dairy calves tested, 28 (7.0%) were positive, of which 21 (7.2%) were from diarrhoeic calves and 7 (6.3%) from non-diarrhoeic calves. rotavirus infection varied from farm to farm (2.7-9.2%) and there was no ...	1991	1659033
production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against an avian group a rotavirus.	fifteen monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against an avian group a rotavirus were cloned and characterized. eight of the 15 mabs had neutralizing activity (n-mabs). five of the n-mabs (1g1, 5b8, 4e2, 3g1, 2e3) were vp4-specific by radioimmunoprecipitation assay (ripa), and two n-mabs (2d11, 6e8) were possibly vp7-specific (faint bands by ripa). one n-mab (4h12) of undefined protein specificity cross-reacted with serotype 3 simian rotaviruses. the other seven n-mabs did not cross-react with any of the ...	1991	1659369
adaptation and serial passage of porcine group c rotavirus in st-cells, an established diploid swine testicular cell line.	a porcine group c rotavirus (strain cowden-amc-1) was adapted and serially passaged in an established diploid swine testicular cell line (st cells). growth of group c rotavirus in st cells, which in maintenance medium required trypsin, but not pancreatin resulted in cytopathic effect characterized by cellular stranding and subsequent cell lysis. active replication and assembly were confirmed by rna profile analysis, immune electron microscopy and immunofluorescence. adaptation of non-group a rot ...	1991	1659801
etiology of acute diarrhoea among children in developing countries: a multicentre study in five countries.	a 2-year etiological survey of acute diarrhoea in children aged 0-35 months who were attending treatment facilities was carried out using a standardized protocol in five hospitals in china, india, mexico, myanmar, and pakistan. a total of 3640 cases of diarrhoea and 3279 age- and sex-matched controls were studied; about 60% of the patients were aged less than 1 year and 60% were male. an enteric pathogen was detected in 68% of the cases and in 30% of the controls. in all the study centres, the p ...	1991	1659953
neonatal rotavirus infections.	rotavirus (rv) infections in newborns differ from those in older infants; the majority of rv infections that occur in neonates are mild or asymptomatic. generally, fewer than one-third of rv-infected neonates have diarrhea, although rates have reached 77% in some hospital nursery populations. cases with severe diarrhea, necrotizing enterocolitis, bowel perforation, and death have been reported, but such cases are very rare. infection usually occurs during the first week of life and generally inv ...	1991	1660185
sequence of the vp7 gene of chicken rotavirus ch2 strain of serotype 7 rotavirus.	the gene that encodes the vp7 protein of the ch2 strain of group a chicken rotavirus (serotype g7) was sequenced, and its deduced amino acid sequence analyzed. the gene is 1067 bp in length and contains a single long open reading frame of 987 nt, capable of encoding a protein of 329 amino acids. amino acid homology of the chicken rotavirus vp7 to the corresponding protein of rotaviruses representing each of the other twelve g serotypes ranged from 58 to 63%. in addition, the vp7 protein of the c ...	1991	1660203
concentration and detection of hepatitis a virus and rotavirus from shellfish by hybridization tests.	a modified polyethylene glycol precipitation method for concentration of virus followed by a new method to recover nucleic acid was used to detect hepatitis a virus (hav) and rotavirus (sa11) in shellfish (oysters and hard-shell clams) by hybridization tests. infectious virus, seeded into relatively large quantities of shellfish, was recovered consistently, with greater than 90% efficiency as measured by either in situ hybridization (hav) or plaque assay (rotavirus sa11). viral nucleic acid for ...	1991	1660697
[etiological and pathogenetic aspects of diarrhea in piglets following weaning].	in this paper aetiological and pathogenic aspects of postweaning diarrhoea are discussed. besides earlier data, particular attention is paid to recent results. except specific serotypes of escherichia coli and rotaviruses, feeding regimen as well as components in the feed are important aetiological factors. villus shortening after weaning as well as the level of villus shortening are pathogenetically important. recently recovered villi may be more sensitive to the toxic effects of escherichia co ...	1991	1661032
detection of rotavirus antigen in tracheal aspirates of infants and children with pneumonia.	clinical manifestations of respiratory tract infection often precede or coincide with rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants and children. to investigate the possible association between respiratory tract manifestations and rotavirus infection, the authors determined human rotavirus (hrv) antigen and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) antigen in tracheal aspirates of 58 children with clinically diagnosed pneumonia by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and immunofluorescent antibody technique ...	1991	1661224
comparison of latex agglutination and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for detecting human rotavirus in stool specimens.	one hundred and forty five stool samples from children below 2 years of age, hospitalized with diarrhea were tested for rotavirus antigen by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), latex agglutination test using commercially available kit rotastat (ranbaxy diagnostic, india) and by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. twenty eight samples were positive for the virus antigen by all the three assay systems. the sensitivity of latex agglutination (la) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) ...	1991	1661272
comparison of cloth, paper, and warm air drying in eliminating viruses and bacteria from washed hands.	we compared the efficiency of paper, cloth, and electric warm air drying in eliminating rotaviruses and escherichia coli remaining on finger pads washed with 70% isopropanol, a medicated liquid soap, an unmedicated liquid soap, or tap water alone. the contaminated area on the finger pads of a volunteer was exposed to the hand-washing agent for 10 seconds and then rinsed in 40 degrees c tap water. the washed areas were dried for 10 seconds by one of the three methods. irrespective of the hand-was ...	1991	1661567
antibodies to seven rotavirus serotypes in cord sera, maternal sera, and colostrum of german women.	forty percent of colostrum samples from german women showed neutralizing antibody titers of greater than or equal to 50 to rotavirus (rv) serotypes 1, 3, 4, and 6. antibody to serotypes 2, 8, and 9 was less prevalent. titers are, however, too low to indicate an important effect of colostrum on the rv vaccine take rate. on the other hand, about 50% of the cord serum samples showed high neutralizing-antibody titers to serotypes 1, 3, and 4, which could interfere with the take rate of rv vaccines b ...	1991	1661746
[an electron microscopic study of the interaction of bacterial intestinal microflora and rotavirus virions].	transmission electron microscopy has revealed the capacity of rotaviruses for adsorption on escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis cells and the absence of such capacity with respect to enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus casei and edwardsiella tarda. different degrees and a varying character of the adsorption of rotaviruses by the representatives of the opportunistic group of bacteria have been established, which may aggravate the course of rotavirus diarrhea due to the agg ...	1991	1661985
comparison of a commercial visible reaction disc enzyme immunoassay to a commercial spectrophotometric bead enzyme immunoassay and electron microscopy for the diagnosis of rotavirus in bovines.		1991	1662081
molecular and antigenic analyses of serotypes 8 and 10 of bovine rotaviruses in thailand.	antigenic and genomic properties of non-serotype 6 bovine rotaviruses isolated in thailand and japan were studied by cross-neutralization tests, nucleotide sequence determination of the vp7 gene, and rna-rna hybridization. two thai strains (61a and a44) were serologically related to a japanese isolate kk3 which has been assigned to serotype 10. in contrast, strain a5 was found to be antigenically similar to human strain 69m with serotype 8 specificity, although strain a5 showed a one-way cross-r ...	1991	1662688
evaluation of the m37 human rotavirus vaccine in 2- to 6-month-old infants.	human rotavirus strain m37, isolated from an asymptomatic neonate, was evaluated as a live oral vaccine in a double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial involving 282 infants ages 2 to 6 months. either 10(4) or 10(5) plaque-forming units (pfu) of the m37 vaccine were tested in 102 and 39 infants, respectively. the vaccine was well-tolerated; fever on days 1 to 7 after vaccination was recorded in 12 and 18% of infants receiving 10(4) and 10(5) pfu of the m37 vaccine, respectively, compared with 6% o ...	1991	1662796
epidemiology of enteric adenoviruses 40 and 41 in acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children in the tokyo area.	82/2,223 stool specimens, collected 1982-1988, from children with enteritis (3.7%) were found to contain adenoviruses; 17 adenovirus-positive samples were provided from other institutes. 89 adenoviruses were isolated in graham 293 cells from these 99 specimens and were typed by dna restriction enzyme analysis with sma i. 37 strains were typed as adenovirus 40 (ad40), and 37 strains as adenovirus 41 (ad41). although most strains had the same dna profiles, a few strains had 3 kinds of different el ...	1991	1662830
evaluation of the efficacy of a low-passage bovine rotavirus (strain wc3) vaccine in children in central africa.	the safety and efficacy of a wc3 rotavirus vaccine was evaluated in a double-blind placebo-controlled trial involving 472 children in bangui (central african republic). each child received two doses of either placebo (235 children) or vaccine (237 children) at a 1-month interval, the first dose being given at 3 months of age. during the follow-up survey 9 months after the first dose, 117 rotavirus diarrhoeas were observed, 59 in the placebo group, 58 in the vaccinated group. the only positive ef ...	1991	1663261
isolation, characterization, and serial propagation of a bovine group c rotavirus in a monkey kidney cell line (ma104).	a virus (designated the shintoku strain) which was morphologically indistinguishable from group a rotaviruses was detected in the feces of adult cows with diarrhea in japan. the virus contained 11 segments of double-stranded rna and had an electrophoretic migration pattern in polyacrylamide gels similar to that of other group c rotaviruses (4-3-2-2). feces containing the bovine virus reacted with antiserum to porcine group c rotavirus (cowden strain) but not group a or b rotaviruses in immunoele ...	1991	1663512
culture adaptation and characterization of group a rotaviruses causing diarrheal illnesses in bangladesh from 1985 to 1986.	group a rotaviruses collected between 1985 and 1986 during comprehensive surveillance of treated diarrheal episodes occurring in a rural bangladesh population were culture adapted and characterized by electropherotype, serotype, and subgroup. of 454 episodes of rotavirus-associated diarrhea, rotaviruses were culture adapted from 381 (84%), and 335 contained 11 electrophoretically identical segments in unpassaged and cultured preparations. these 335 comprised 69 different electropherotypes with b ...	1991	1663517
prevention of surface-to-human transmission of rotaviruses by treatment with disinfectant spray.	a model was developed to examine the effects of disinfectants on the transmission of infectious rotavirus from a dried surface to humans. the initial experiments were designed to find a method of preserving rotavirus infectivity during drying. culture-adapted human rotavirus (cjn strain) was dried at room temperature in different organic suspensions, including fecal matter, several laboratory media, and nonfat dry milk (ndm). recoveries of infectious virus were then compared. fecal matter provid ...	1991	1663519
a novel group a rotavirus g serotype: serological and genomic characterization of equine isolate fi23.	equine rotavirus fi23 was shown to be prototypic of a novel g serotype, provisionally g14, by cross-neutralization and vp7 sequence determination. although distinct, there are as few as six differing amino acid residues (92, 94, 96, 146, 147, and 221) in the vp7 antigenic regions of fi23 and g3 rotaviruses.	1991	1663521
reactivity of monoclonal antibodies to the 41-kilodalton protein of porcine group c rotavirus with homologous and heterologous rotavirus serogroups in immunofluorescence tests.	three monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to porcine group c rotavirus immunoprecipitated the major inner capsid protein (41 kda) but failed to precipitate group a rotavirus proteins. in immunofluorescence tests of rotavirus-infected cell cultures or pig intestines, the mabs recognized porcine and bovine group c rotaviruses but not group a or b rotaviruses. these mabs may recognize the group c rotavirus counterpart to vp6 of group a rotaviruses and may be useful as diagnostic reagents.	1991	1663522
rabbit syncytium virus is a kemerovo serogroup orbivirus.	polyacrylamide gel genome electropherotyping and negative-stain electron microscopic studies, along with immunofluorescent staining and immune electron microscopy reactions, indicate that rabbit syncytium virus has the morphologic, genomic, and antigenic attributes of a kemerovo serogroup orbivirus.	1991	1663523
serial observations of chronic rotavirus infection in an immunodeficient child.	chronic rotavirus infection of an infant with severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) was studied by virological examinations in association with long-term observation of his symptoms and immune status. during eleven months of hospitalization, the patient was suffering from incurable severe diarrhea with persisting excretion of rotaviruses detected by electron microscopy and the reversed-passive hemagglutination (r-pha) test and had transient hepatitis symptom despite multiple administrations of ...	1991	1663575
the prevalence of enteric pathogens in diarrhoeic thoroughbred foals in britain and ireland.	a survey of 77 normal and 326 diarrhoeic foals in britain and ireland from 1987 to 1989 revealed a significantly higher prevalence of group a rotaviruses and aeromonas hydrophila in diarrhoeic foals. the prevalence of cryptosporidia, potentially pathogenic escherichia coli, yersinia enterocolitica and clostridium perfringens was similar in normal or diarrhoeic foals. rotaviruses had a similar prevalence in all age groups of scouring foals up to three months of age, with an overall prevalence of ...	1991	1663866
increased sensitivity of a rotavirus serotyping enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay by the incorporation of cacl2.	the sensitivity of a rotavirus serotyping enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was improved by the addition of 0.5 mm cacl2 to the washing buffer and reagent diluent. twenty-nine of 63 (46%) previously untyped bovine and equine faecal rotavirus samples were serotyped in the modified assay. a differential response to ca2+ ions was noted for different g-serotypes suggesting that serotyping assays performed without the inclusion of cacl2 in the assay buffers may produce biased results.	1991	1664432
[an analysis of the gene coding for the basic neutralizing antigen vp7 of human rotavirus isolate 1407].	a procedure based on polymerase chain reaction was developed for the study of rotaviruses. a full-length cdna copy of the gene coding for major neutralizing glycoprotein vp7 of a human rotavirus isolate 1407 with the "long" electrophoretype (classified as the first electrophoretype) was cloned and sequenced. the primary structure of glycoprotein vp7 of isolate 1407 in a and c antigenic regions was found to be similar to that of serotype 1 virus.	1991	1664555
[rotavirus infection in a maternity home based on virological and serological study data].	the studies carried out in a maternity house, employing a set of virological and serological methods, revealed the facts of introduction of rotavirus infection into the maternity house, and followed the further spread of the infection. epidemiological surveys evaluated the sources of infection (parturients, newborns, medical personnel), means of spread of rotavirus infection, and analysed the epidemiological advantages of wards for mother and newborn baby staying together.	1991	1664556
[the separation of human and animal rotavirus particles by buoyant density in a discontinuous gradient under high-speed centrifugation].		1991	1664558