Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| pneumocystis carinii organisms derived from rat and human hosts are genetically distinct. | 1991 | 1711155 | |
| an identical epitope in pneumocystis carinii and toxoplasma gondii causing serological cross reactions. | a monoclonal antibody raised against membrane proteins of toxoplasma gondii with molecular weights of 35 and 21 kda also reacts strongly and "specifically" with surface antigens of pneumocystis carinii with molecular weights of 394.2 and 69 kda when used in a direct immunofluorescence antibody test, on the one hand, and in a immunoblot after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page), on the other. whether or not this observation might have any phylogenetic relevance re ... | 1991 | 1714080 |
| examination of induced sputum in the diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | the results of the examination of sputum induced by the inhalation of nebulized hypertonic saline in the diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) are presented. in suspected cases of pcp in patients who were either hiv antibody positive or were receiving immunosuppressive therapy, 46 induced sputum specimens were stained using both grocott's modified gomori methenamine silver nitrate (gms) and immunofluorescence staining. in 12 specimens p. carinii cysts were detected by both methods, i ... | 1991 | 1717023 |
| [the diagnosis of pneumocystis pneumonia (use of the bauer reaction for detecting pneumocystis carinii in pathological material]. | 1991 | 1717754 | |
| the cytological diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii by fluorescence microscopy of papanicolaou stained bronchoalveolar lavage specimens. | in a retrospective and prospective analysis fluorescence microscopy of papanicolaou stained bronchoalveolar lavage specimens has been applied to the diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii (pc) in routine cytology. the pneumocysts presented as circular structures of 5 microns in diameter and of brilliant green-yellow fluorescence surrounding two mirror image reniform structures. fluorescent inclusions of 1-3 microns diameter within the alveolar macrophages could be identified as remnants of pneumocyst ... | 1991 | 1718475 |
| treatment and prophylaxis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids patients. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) is seen in people with a defect in cell-mediated immunity. today the most common cause for this is the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). there have been some remarkable advances recently in the development of new drug regimens to combat this otherwise fatal infection. although cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) is still the drug of first choice it cannot be tolerated by a significant proportion of patients, and therapies such as pentamidin ... | 1991 | 1723365 |
| evaluation of calcofluor white [cfw] stain for detection of pneumocystis carinii. | 1991 | 1724635 | |
| drug treatment of pneumonia in the hospital. what are the choices? | mortality and morbidity of nosocomial pneumonia remain high. successful treatment of pulmonary infections depends on several factors including type of infection, offending pathogen, status of host defences, and adequate choice of antibiotic therapy. the physician's decision should aim at achieving antibiotic concentrations beyond the mic at the site of infection. gram-negative bacilli, notably pseudomonos aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae and escherichia coli, remain the most frequent agents in ... | 1991 | 1724642 |
| [morphology and function of macrophages in aids in broncho-alveolar lavages (bal)]. | hiv infects susceptible t-cell and mononuclear phagocyte targets. unlike the dramatic changes that occur with t-cells during hiv disease, changes in monocyte and macrophage phenotype and function are qualitatively minimal. the aim of the study was to quantitatively analyze the morphology of macrophages in broncho-alveolar lavages in patients without aids, with aids, with aids complicated by pneumocystis carinii and in carcinoma patients. in patients with aids, the nuclei of macrophages demonstra ... | 1991 | 1724812 |
| [extrapulmonary manifestations of pneumocystis carinii infection in aids]. | between 1986 and 1990 we found in 7 out of 100 continuously performed aids-autopsies at auguste-viktoria-hospital (avh) an extrapulmonary manifestation of pneumocystis carinii (pc). 4 of these cases showed only a singular infiltration of pulmohilar lymphnodi, while the remaining 3 cases presented various other organ involvements: spleen, liver, kidney, adrenal gland, prostate gland, pancreas, myocardium, thyroidea and eyes. all these aids-patients had a chronic or relapsing pc-pneumonia with foc ... | 1991 | 1724821 |
| [the epidemiology and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome--status and trends]. | up to june 1991 a total of 6,604 aids cases were reported to the central aids-registry at the federal health office. as typical for "pattern i" countries most of the aids-cases are homo/bisexual men (70%), followed by i.v. drug users (idu, 13%). however, the proportion of homo/bisexual men is constantly decreasing since 1986 while the proportion of idu's is increasing. as also observed in other industrialized countries a flattening off in the aids incidence curve is seen since 1989. probable rea ... | 1991 | 1724853 |
| a common antigenic epitope expressed on human pneumocystis carinii. | recently antigenic heterogeneity in human pneumocystis carinii (pc) isolates was observed in several laboratories. monoclonal antibodies (mab) were produced to human pc (pch) from a lung autopsy sample from a non-aids patient (mab group i, n = 10), or from bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid from aids patients (mab group ii, n = 8). to detect pc antigen from specimens, indirect immunofluorescence and immunoblotting techniques were used. the reactivity was evaluated by using one autopsy sample fro ... | 1991 | 1726324 |
| ultrastructural localization of epitopes recognized by monoclonal antibodies produced to rat pneumocystis carinii. | the binding sites of five monoclonal antibodies (mab) developed against rat pneumocystis carinii were examined at the ultrastructural level by using a post-embedding labeling method. although all five mab reacted with the pellicle of p. carinii, they were divided into two groups by localization of binding sites. the mab 168.2.1, 174.2.1, and 215.2.1 reacted mainly with the electron-dense outer layer, whereas mab 227.1.1 and 228.1.1 labeled both the outer dense layer and the middle lucent layer. ... | 1991 | 1726325 |
| epitope study and cdna screening of major surface glycoprotein of pneumocystis carinii. | use of monoclonal antibodies against the major glycoprotein of pneumocystis carinii (p115) implicated the sugar moiety as being strongly antigenic. furthermore, monoclonal antibodies directed against the peptide portion of p115 were generated by using synthetic oligopeptides after amino acid sequencing was done on p115 proteolytic fragments. | 1991 | 1726327 |
| assays for testing pneumocystis carinii viability. | a series of classical vital stains and fluorescent indicator compounds were evaluated as viability assays of p. carinii. the combination of the acetoxymethyl ester of calcein with either ethidium homodimer or propidium iodide distinguished between live, dead and moribund organisms and provided high fluorescence intensity and low bleaching enabling photodocumentation at high magnifications. | 1991 | 1726329 |
| pneumocystosis. | in much of the world, pneumocystosis remains the most common life-threatening opportunistic infection among patients with hiv disease. the infection is caused by pneumocystis carinii--an organism whose identity as a fungus or parasite is still debated. what is no longer debated, after a decade of aids, is that pneumocystosis is almost entirely preventable and eminently treatable. understanding has improved concerning when prophylaxis should be initiated. it is also recognized that, at least with ... | 1992 | 1727534 |
| quality of life in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection: measurement by the medical outcomes study instrument. | to assess the reliability and validity of the medical outcomes study (mos) short form health survey as an indicator for quality of life in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). | 1992 | 1727616 |
| chest manifestations of aids. | chest radiographs, computed tomography and gallium scanning are useful in diagnosing the pulmonary manifestations of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. most opportunistic infections in patients with aids affect the lung as the primary target organ. bilateral perihilar or basilar interstitial infiltrates, which may progress to the ground-glass appearance of adult respiratory distress syndrome, are commonly seen in cases of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. unilateral or miliary infiltrates and cav ... | 1992 | 1728087 |
| upper lobe pulmonary parenchymal calcification in a patient with aids and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia receiving aerosolized pentamidine. | in patients with aids-related pneumocystis carinii infection occurring during aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis, roentgenographic findings may be atypical. pulmonary parenchymal calcification due to p carinii is rare. in this case, extensive upper lobe pulmonary parenchymal, splenic, and nodal calcifications occurred after two years of monthly treatments with aerosolized pentamidine. | 1992 | 1729082 |
| eflornithine treatment of refractory pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | eflornithine was offered as compassionate treatment of 33 episodes of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in 31 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who were intolerant of and/or unresponsive to conventional trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or pentamidine therapy. a full course of eflornithine consisted of ten days at 400 mg/kg/d but no more than 30 g/d in four divided intravenous doses, four days at 300 mg/kg/d in four divided intravenous doses, and then up to six weeks at 300 mg/kg/d in fo ... | 1992 | 1729113 |
| high incidence of bronchospasm with regular administration of aerosolized pentamidine. | a systematic evaluation of changes in pulmonary status by objective spirometric assessment and subjective rating using visual analog scale was performed in a cohort of 134 patients receiving aerosolized pentamidine (ap) for the prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. significant bronchospasm defined as greater than or equal to 15 percent reduction in the forced expiratory volume in 1 s was noted in 26 of 100 (26 percent) of patients receiving ap alone. despite the use of salbutamol (albute ... | 1992 | 1729115 |
| deposition of aerosolized pentamidine and failure of pneumocystis prophylaxis. | to determine if outcome of pneumocystis carinii prophylaxis is related to total lung dose of aerosolized pentamidine. | 1992 | 1729117 |
| pneumocystis carinii induces an oxidative burst in alveolar macrophages. | there is evidence that alveolar macrophages (am) play a role in the clearing of pneumocystis carinii from the lungs. to investigate the mechanisms involved in this process, we studied in vitro the induction of an oxidative burst by p. carinii in a cell line of macrophages (nr8383) and am from normal rats. p. carinii was added to macrophage monolayers (10(6) cells), and the h2o2 produced after 4 h of incubation was measured. both nr8383 macrophages and normal rat am produced h2o2 in response to p ... | 1992 | 1729174 |
| critical care of patients with aids. | we sought to review the clinical and ethical issues surrounding critical care for patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). | 1992 | 1729577 |
| pneumonia. patient profiles, choice of empiric therapy, and the place of third-generation cephalosporins. | choosing appropriate antimicrobial therapy for patients with pneumonia requires knowledge of the etiologic agents seen in specific kinds of patients at specific times and places. for community-acquired pneumonia, there is an important difference in the agents seen in the normal and the compromised host. the normal host most often presents with viral, mycoplasmal, or pneumococcal pneumonia. the exact place of chlamydia pneumoniae is still under study. a normal host who aspirates is at risk of ana ... | 1992 | 1730186 |
| host species-specific antigenic variation of a mannosylated surface glycoprotein of pneumocystis carinii. | all pneumocystis carinii, irrespective of their host of origin, express an abundant mannosylated surface glycoprotein. while this molecule is commonly referred to as gp120, some variation in the size of this molecule has been noted. monoclonal antibodies produced to this molecule from ferret, mouse, rat, and human p. carinii made it possible to distinguish the glycoprotein from p. carinii of each host by immunoblot and indirect immunofluorescence assays. the glycoprotein varied in size (approxim ... | 1992 | 1730900 |
| technetium-99m-dtpa aerosol and gallium-67 scanning in pulmonary complications of human immunodeficiency virus infection. | we retrospectively compared the results of 67ga chest scans and 99mtc-dtpa aerosol clearance measurements with those of fiberoptic bronchoscopy in 88 patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. of 100 investigations, a pulmonary infection was diagnosed in 39, mainly pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and a noninfectious disorder was found in 42, mainly kaposi's sarcoma and lymphocytic alveolitis. gallium scans and dtpa clearance were abnormal respectively in 74% and 92% of infectious co ... | 1992 | 1731002 |
| the effect of antiviral therapy on the natural history of human immunodeficiency virus infection in a cohort of hemophiliacs. | the antiviral drug zidovudine (zdv) slows progression to aids and improves survival after aids diagnosis. although clinical trials have demonstrated early improvement in cd4 lymphocyte number with zdv, long-term effects of zdv on cd4 in advanced and asymptomatic disease are not well known. the purpose of this study was to quantitate the effect of zdv on the natural history of hiv infection, specifically the type and frequency of new aids cases, aids-free survival, survival after aids, and long-t ... | 1992 | 1732503 |
| autopsy findings in hiv-infected inner-city patients. | to assess the importance of the autopsy in hiv-1 infection, we retrospectively reviewed the autopsy reports of 70 hiv-1-seropositive patients at howard university hospital. of the 58 patients with aids, the diagnosis of aids was made after autopsy in 24 (41%) cases. the lung was the most common site of aids-diagnostic diseases, and was affected in 90% of patients. pneumocystis carinii infection was the most common aids-diagnostic disease, and was present in 50% of the aids patients. thirty-eight ... | 1992 | 1732504 |
| synthesis, stability, and biological evaluation of water-soluble prodrugs of a new echinocandin lipopeptide. discovery of a potential clinical agent for the treatment of systemic candidiasis and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). | 1992 | 1732529 | |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia among patients without aids at a cancer hospital. | to determine the predisposing factors, attack rate by underlying disease, and outcome of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia among patients without the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) at a cancer center. | 1992 | 1732656 |
| [pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in hiv-negative immunosuppressed patients]. | during a period of 10 years 129 immunosuppressed hiv-negative patients were evaluated for pulmonary complications. a definite diagnosis could be established in 72 cases (56%): pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) (25), pulmonary involvement of underlying disease (10), drug toxicity (8), mycobacterioses (6), bacterial pneumonias (5), aspergillosis (5), others (13). the underlying conditions in patients with pcp were: lymphatic neoplasias (11), immunosuppression after solid organ (9) and after bon ... | 1992 | 1733012 |
| pathology of pentamidine-induced pancreatitis. | extensive acute necrotizing pancreatitis occurred in three patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who had received both aerosolized pentamidine as prophylaxis and intravenous pentamidine for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. the clinical manifestations along with gross and microscopic pathologic findings at autopsy are presented. | 1992 | 1733411 |
| [taenia crassiceps infection in aids]. | a 33-year-old patient with aids, and a history of episodes of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and cerebral toxoplasmosis, developed a subcutaneous paravertebral infiltrate, which at first resembled a haematoma. over a period of several weeks, the lesion spread to cover almost the entire back. initially, numerous investigations failed to reveal the aetiology. his general condition worsened progressively, and intermittent bleeding into the soft tissue of the back occurred, requiring transfusion. th ... | 1992 | 1733697 |
| high-resolution ct of parenchymal lung disease: precise correlation with histologic findings. | to provide a precise correlation between high-resolution computed tomographic (ct) findings and histologic studies of various parenchymal lung diseases, 20 fixed and inflated lungs were studied as follows: (a) every lung was cut at the corresponding ct level into 1.5-mm-thick sections, (b) selected slices were cut into small blocks to prepare histologic slides, (c) each slide was photographed, and (d) the image of the entire lung section was reconstituted with the enlarged photographs (assembled ... | 1992 | 1734481 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia due to corticosteroids. | a patient receiving long-term corticosteroid therapy for asthma had two episodes of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) 8 years apart. she had no other causes of immunosuppression. experimental evidence indicates that corticosteroid administration causes a reduction in t lymphocytes mediated by suppression of cytokines. corticosteroid therapy is a rare but possible independent predisposition to pcp. | 1992 | 1734541 |
| thoracic magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of hiv-1/aids pneumonitis. | magnetic resonance imaging of the thorax was performed on ten occasions in eight hiv-positive patients with a clinical picture suggestive of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. the diagnosis of pcp was subsequently confirmed on six occasions. patients without pcp had low mri profusion scores, while four of six patients with pcp had mri profusion scores greater than 6/21. neither the chest roentgenogram appearance nor computer-generated t1 and t2 relaxation times could reliably distinguish between th ... | 1992 | 1735257 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with connective tissue disease. | four patients with pcp complicating a ctd are described. rising serum lactate dehydrogenase levels were documented during an asymptomatic period associated with corticosteroid dosage tapering, weeks prior to the development of acute pulmonary symptoms. the diagnosis of pcp was established by fob in each patient. | 1992 | 1735258 |
| transmission of tuberculosis to hospital workers by a patient with aids. | a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) was admitted to a hospital with cough and fever and after 29 days was transferred to a hospice. he was eventually shown to have active pulmonary tuberculosis. this diagnosis was obscured clinically by simultaneous infection with pneumocystis carinii and mycobacterium avium complex (mac). laboratory recognition of mycobacterium tuberculosis was delayed because of overgrowth of cultures by mac but was later established using dna probe techni ... | 1992 | 1735302 |
| multiplication of human-derived pneumocystis carinii in severe combined immunodeficient (scid) mice. | clinically healthy scid mice were infected intratracheally with pneumocystis carinii (pc) of human origin. the data obtained provides unambiguous evidence that progressive multiplication of pc organisms of human origin takes place in the lungs of experimentally infected animals. scid mice that were infected with human-derived pc also revealed a markedly greater number of mouse pc organisms in their lungs than the controls. all the scid recipients of human pc died by day 65 post infection, wherea ... | 1992 | 1737579 |
| human immunodeficiency virus infection in pregnant women under care at aids clinical trials centers in the united states. | the federal government supports a nationwide network of medical centers to evaluate promising therapies against the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and the opportunistic infections and cancers that characterize aids. forty-five obstetricians from the 49 medical centers receiving federal research support for the conduct of aids-related clinical trials, in preparation for a meeting, provided summary information about the number and clinical status of the known hiv-infected pregnant women under ... | 1992 | 1738515 |
| treatment options for human immunodeficiency virus-infected pregnant women. obstetric-gynecologic working group of the aids clinical trials group of the national institute of allergy and infectious diseases. | the increasing seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) among women of reproductive age and the risks of vertical transmission of hiv have led to recommendations for routine prenatal hiv counseling and testing. the incentive to undergo such testing is related not only to fetal concerns, but also to the potential benefit of early and comprehensive therapy for women. treatments that should be considered for use during pregnancy include the antiretroviral agent zidovudine and prophylact ... | 1992 | 1738529 |
| [glucocorticoids and infection]. | glucocorticosteroids are the most commonly used immunosuppressive agents. in the following review important mechanisms of action of glucocorticoids on the immunological network are summarized, the relationship between duration of therapy, daily dose and incidence of infections is analysed, and evidence is presented that in some infectious diseases glucocorticoids may even be beneficial. the association between corticosteroid therapy and subsequent infections was calculated by pooling the data fr ... | 1992 | 1738819 |
| why give corticosteroids for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia? | 1992 | 1739112 | |
| computer-supported versus manually-generated nursing care plans: a comparison of patient problems, nursing interventions, and aids patient outcomes. | the number and type of activated patient problems and the number of nursing interventions in computer-supported and manually-generated nursing care plans for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infected patients hospitalized for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) were compared. there were significantly more activated patient problems (p = 0.005) and nursing interventions (p = 0.002) listed using the computer-supported care planning system. the top ranked problems in both systems were reflective ... | 1992 | 1739883 |
| in-vitro interaction of human macrophages with pneumocystis carinii. | pneumocystis carinii is an important opportunistic pathogen in patients with compromised cell-mediated immunity. t-cell and macrophage function are believed to be of prime importance in defence against this organism. the present ultrastructural study is aimed at the analysis of the interaction between human macrophages and p. carinii in vitro. adherent peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy volunteers were exposed in vitro to pneumocystis derived from lungs of steroid-treated rats. the ... | 1991 | 1742212 |
| recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor ameliorates zidovudine-induced neutropenia in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)/aids-related complex. | to evaluate the effect of recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf) on patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) or aids-related complex (arc) who were intolerant to zidovudine because of neutropenia, we performed a randomized, open-label study in which patients were assigned to one of two groups. zidovudine was discontinued in group a patients before instituting gm-csf treatment and was restarted in a graduated fashion over 4 weeks. group b patients con ... | 1991 | 1742482 |
| scintigraphic distribution of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids treated with prophylactic inhaled pentamidine. | 1991 | 1742934 | |
| growth and metabolism of pneumocystis carinii in axenic culture. | 1991 | 1742950 | |
| cutaneous ulceration: an unusual complication of intravenous pentamidine therapy. | pentamidine is one of two agents currently used to treat infections with pneumocystis carinii. the intramuscular route of administration is associated with cutaneous side effects such as dermal necrosis, sterile abscesses and ulcer formation at the injection site, while urticaria may develop near the site of intravenous drug infusion. this is a report of a renal transplant patient with pneumocystis pneumonia who developed chemical cellulitis and ulceration following the extravasation of intraven ... | 1991 | 1743388 |
| [pulmonary scintigraphy with gallium-67 in the early detection of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. | 1991 | 1745091 | |
| impact of treatment guidelines on the use of aerosolized pentamidine for prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1991 | 1746581 | |
| blastomycosis and opportunistic infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. an autopsy study. | patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) are subject to a host of opportunistic infections, but to our knowledge a predisposition to blastomycosis has not previously been established. autopsies of two patients with aids revealed disseminated blastomycosis with massive pulmonary involvement, blastomyces meningoencephalitis, and widespread dissemination. the massive systemic involvement and rapid terminal course in both cases may reflect the state of acquired immunodeficiency. an an ... | 1991 | 1747031 |
| disseminated pneumocystosis without pulmonary involvement during prophylactic aerosolized pentamidine therapy in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | pneumocystosis, the most common opportunistic infection associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, is usually restricted to the lungs and results in severe bilateral pneumonia, which is fatal unless vigorously treated. rare cases have been reported in which involvement of other organs or disseminated disease occurred in addition to the pulmonary lesions. pentamidine, an efficient drug used intravenously for the treatment of pulmonary pneumocystosis, has also recently been used in ae ... | 1991 | 1747032 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia causing hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. | 1991 | 1747709 | |
| a pilot study of epirubicin and chlorambucil in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (cll). | in a pilot study of the combination of epirubicin and chlorambucil in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (cll), 10 patients with advanced or progressive disease were treated in four centres. up to a total of 15 courses in individual patients were given. toxicity was relatively mild with nausea due to epirubicin being the most commonly reported side-effect. one patient developed a probable septicemia during a period of neutropenia. in another patient who died from probable pneumocystis ... | 1991 | 1748398 |
| trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. | the antimicrobial combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole is active in vitro against various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. clinically, it is useful for prophylaxis and treatment of selected infections of the genitourinary, respiratory, and gastrointestinal tracts. trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole by itself or in combination with other antimicrobial agents is indicated for most nocardia asteroides infections and is the antimicrobial agent of choice for pneumocystis carinii pneum ... | 1991 | 1749295 |
| diagnostic value of lung clearance of 99mtc dtpa compared with other non-invasive investigations in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids. | various non-invasive investigations were carried out in patients infected with hiv who had respiratory symptoms with and without pneumocystis pneumonia (with pneumonia, n = 13 (five smokers); without pneumonia, n = 22 (13 smokers]. these included chest radiography; lung function tests (forced expiratory volume in one second, forced vital capacity; transfer factor and coefficient for carbon monoxide); arterial blood gas tensions; arterial oxygen saturation at rest and on exercise; and lung cleara ... | 1991 | 1750019 |
| cpap, effective respiratory support in patients with aids-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) associated with severe respiratory failure is an increasingly common problem in major centres and is associated with a high mortality in previous and recent studies. early in the epidemic, alternatives to invasive intensive care treatment were utilized in our institution and found to be successful. when respiratory failure developed, mask cpap was used instead of intubation and ventilation. a retrospective review of ... | 1991 | 1750639 |
| pulmonary nocardiosis concurrent with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in two patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. | two cases with concomitant pulmonary nocardiosis and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia are described. the first patient developed pneumonia 3 months after heart transplantation while undergoing standard immunosuppressive therapy with cyclosporin, azathioprine and prednisone. the second patient was treated with chemotherapy and subsequent radiotherapy of the mediastinum for a malignant epithelial tumour. he also received prednisone for paraneoplastic dermatomyositis. chest x-rays of both patients sh ... | 1991 | 1753118 |
| pediatric hiv infection. an update. | human immunodeficiency virus infection is a leading cause of immunodeficiency in children. the epidemic in children parallels that in women since most infected women are in the child-bearing age groups. the risk of vertical transmission of hiv from an infected mother to her infant ranges from 13% to 39%. diagnosis of infection in the infant is complicated by the passive transfer of antibody across the placenta, making the use of standard serologic tests to confirm infection difficult. in childre ... | 1991 | 1753232 |
| [the effect of inhaled pentamidine in the radiology of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. | 1991 | 1753825 | |
| microculture screening assay for primary in vitro evaluation of drugs against pneumocystis carinii. | pneumocystis carinii inoculated into 96-well filtration plate assemblies was shown to synthesize radiolabeled folates de novo from [para-3h]aminobenzoic acid ([3h]paba). at the end of each incubation with [3h]paba, a vacuum manifold was used to remove the medium and wash p. carinii. the membrane at the base of each well was dried and punched out, and the level of 3h retained was determined by direct scintillation counting. high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis of duplicate filters confirm ... | 1991 | 1759815 |
| cellular and molecular biology of pneumocystis carinii. | 1991 | 1761385 | |
| severe combined immune deficiency presenting with cyclic hematopoiesis. | at age 2 months a male infant presented with a cyclic clinical syndrome every 14-21 days that included pharyngeal aphthous ulcers, high fever, lymphadenopathy, pallor, and malaise. serial blood studies indicated cycling of all blood cell elements, compatible with a diagnosis of cyclic hematopoiesis (ch). he also manifested a progressively severe immune deficiency, not described before in human ch. when first studied at age 5 months, he was hypogammaglobulinaemic with normal b lymphocyte numbers. ... | 1991 | 1761643 |
| opportunistic parasitic infections in immunocompromised hosts. | parasitological and serological examination was done for 111 cases with various types of malignancies under immunosuppressive therapy and another 20 apparently healthy individuals as a control group to determine the prevalence of opportunistic parasitic infections among immunocompromised patients. single examination showed that 74 (66.7%) harboured infection with different parasites: strongyloides stercoralis infection was found in 4 (3.64%) cases; 3 cases (2.7%) had pneumocystis carinii infecti ... | 1991 | 1765676 |
| correlation between the level of iga and pneumocystis carinii infection. | sputum examination for detection of p. carinii pneumonia (pcp) can be substituted for more invasive techniques. there was a significant correlation between pcp and the increased level of iga in serum (p less than 0.01) and sputum. the increase in iga level in sputum was much more higher than that in the serum. this supports the concept that local antibody formation by the lung may have a more important role in the immune and inflammatory response to p. carinii. | 1991 | 1765690 |
| lung cavities from pneumocystis carinii in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. | a patient with sle developed pneumonia due to pneumocystis carinii. the unusual presentation was the multiple lung cavities. there appeared to be a temporal relationship between the lung infection and reducing steroid intake in this patient. | 1991 | 1765749 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a human immunodeficiency virus 1-infected neonate with meconium aspiration. | 1991 | 1766715 | |
| a simple method of separation of pneumocystis carinii from rat lung. | existing methods for purification of pneumocystis carinii are unsatisfactory. dialysis is a simple, non-stressful treatment which aided purification of organisms from rat cells. yields were quantitated using a petroff-hausser chamber and nuclear staining. following dialysis overnight, three times the yields of similar, undialysed preparations were obtained, with less than 0.2% contamination by lung cells. overnight incubation at 4 degrees c also improved separation, but yields were only half tho ... | 1991 | 1768612 |
| pneumocystis carinii in fna of the thyroid. | we report the diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii (pc) in a fine-needle aspirate (fna) from the thyroid of a human immunodeficiency virus infected (hiv+) male receiving aerosolized pentamidine as prophylaxis for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). the clinical diagnosis prior to fna was multinodular goiter. the patient did not have pulmonary symptoms nor previous diagnosis of pcp at the time of the aspirate diagnosis. recently, extrapulmonary pneumocystis carinii (epc) has been reported with inc ... | 1991 | 1769291 |
| ["i don't see medical reasons for a change". dr. h. busch, münster, takes a position on prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with pentamidine aerosol. interview by wilma mahler]. | 1991 | 1769644 | |
| detection of pneumocystis carinii sequences by polymerase chain reaction: animal models and clinical application to noninvasive specimens. | pneumocystis carinii is a eukaryotic microbe which causes fatal pneumonia in patients with aids. oligonucleotide primers were used to amplify the 5s rdna sequence of p. carinii by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in various clinical and animal samples. of 35 independent lung specimens tested, pcr detected the p. carinii sequence in all 23 cases which were known to be p. carinii infected, i.e., 15 from mice, 1 from rat, 3 from human autopsy, and 4 from biopsy of aids patients by needle aspirat ... | 1991 | 1774325 |
| [lung diseases and treatment with methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis]. | methotrexate (mtx) is used as sequential treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in doses ranging from 5 to 20 mg per week, but its effectiveness is impaired by undesirable and sometimes severe side-effects, notably on the lungs. we report three cases of lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis under mtx therapy. two patients had a lung infection caused by escherichia coli and pneumocystis carinii respectively and the third patient was a case of fatal pneumonia imputed to mtx. the signs and ... | 1991 | 1775874 |
| trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole reaction simulating pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1991 | 1777163 | |
| transmission of pneumocystis carinii from aids patients to other immunosuppressed patients: a cluster of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in renal transplant recipients. | five renal transplant recipients developed pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) over a 22-month period, while no cases had been observed over a 5-year period in 114 transplanted patients treated with the same immunosuppressive protocol. all patients were hiv-negative, and no modification in diagnostic techniques for p. carinii could account for this observation. all five patients developed pcp within 2 months of an acute graft rejection episode. all of them attended the same outpatient facility ... | 1991 | 1777173 |
| latent haemophilus influenzae pneumonia in patients infected with hiv. | pneumonia caused by common pyogenic bacteria occurs frequently in hiv-infected patients. its clinical presentation has been described as being similar to that seen in non-immunosuppressed hosts but clearly different to that of opportunistic pneumonias. an atypical presentation has rarely been seen. in a 10-month period, we saw 12 hiv-infected patients who presented with haemophilus influenzae pneumonia which was clinically and radiologically indistinguishable from pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ... | 1991 | 1777177 |
| [the radiological pictures of pulmonary tuberculosis in hiv+ patients]. | mycobacterial infections can be found in 10% of aids patients. seventy cases with hiv+ infection were examined: they exhibited clear alterations of the chest and contemporaneous isolation and identification of mycobacteria. primary tuberculosis is the most frequent manifestation in these patients. alveolar parenchymal mono/bilateral infiltrates are the radiographic patterns of this pulmonary condition; they usually present without excavation (45.7%). hilar and/or mediastinal lymph nodes are usua ... | 1991 | 1780458 |
| [inadequate adh secretion syndrome associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. | within the numerous complications of aids, we want to point out the appearance of inadequate adh secretion syndrome (iadhss) in 9 out of; patients, which constitutes a higher percentage than in the general population. in all cases iadhss was associated to lung or central nervous system pathology. in one patient, iadhss preceded the appearance pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis. therefore, if hyponatremia is founding aids patients, the existence of adrenal pathology or iadhss should be suspected. | 1991 | 1780508 |
| admission for hiv-1 related disease in a dublin hospital 1987-1990. | between january 1987 and december 1990, 179 patients (131 men, 48 women) infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) were admitted 408 times to st james's hospital, dublin. one hundred and thirty-two (73.7%) patients were intravenous drug users. the commonest cause of admission was bacterial lower respiratory tract infection (84 patients, 21%). at the time of study 95 (53%) patients fulfilled centers for disease control (cdc) criteria for stage iv disease. hiv antibody status in 26 ... | 1991 | 1782235 |
| [pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. | we present twelve cases of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) hospitalized at the internal medicine service of the hospital clínico de valencia between 1989 and 1990. all patients were infected by hiv-1, with ages between 25 and 32 years, with circulating cd4 lymphocytes lower than 25% or 200 cells per cubic millimeter and with positive p24 antigen. ten of them were parenterally drug addicts and two of them, homosexuals. diagnosis was made by fibrobronchoscopy (fb) with bronchoaspiration (bas) ... | 1991 | 1782311 |
| pharmacokinetic justification of antiprotozoal therapy. a us perspective. | infections with parasitic protozoa have always been problems for the developing world and are becoming of greater importance to the developed world in this age of easy international travel. the major human protozoal diseases are summarised with an emphasis on their presentation in normal hosts and in immunocompromised individuals and current us drug treatment recommendations are discussed. present antiprotozoal regimens are based either on a pharmacokinetic rationale or on clinical trial and err ... | 1991 | 1782741 |
| histone preopsonisation increases the respiratory burst response of phagocytes to pneumocystis carinii. | preincubation of pneumocystis carinii with histone caused an increase in polymorphonuclear leucocyte and macrophage chemiluminescence when parasites were mixed with phagocytes compared with that obtained when unopsonised parasites were used. toxic oxygen moieties released during the respiratory burst may cause tissue damage. | 1991 | 1783287 |
| [cryptosporidium diarrhea developing in two japanese adults--one in aids and the other in a normal host. research group for infectious enteric diseases, japan]. | case i: a middle-age homosexual male developed aids with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) and esophageal candidiasis in 1986 during his stay in an european country about five months prior to transfer to tokyo metropolitan komagome hospital, tokyo, in 1987. he was also diagnosed as having cryptosporidiosis presenting with mild diarrhea a month following the diagnosis of pcp. diarrhea was successfully treated with spiramycin. on transfer to tokyo metropolitan komagome hospital, he was febrile ... | 1991 | 1783813 |
| three-dimensional reconstruction of rabbit-derived pneumocystis carinii from serial-thin sections. i: trophozoite. | the highly complex ultrastructural morphology of the endomembrane system in pneumocystis carinii led us to perform three-dimensional reconstruction from serial-thin sections using the catia (conception assistée tridimensionnelle inter active) dassault system program. the three-dimensional reconstruction of a small trophozoite made it possible to better understand the morphological relationship among organelles and to suggest cytophysiological hypotheses. by reconstructing other parasite stages, ... | 1991 | 1787425 |
| three-dimensional reconstruction of rabbit-derived pneumocystis carinii from serial-thin sections. ii: intermediate precyst. | three-dimensional reconstruction of a binucleate intermediate precyst of pneumocystis carinii was performed from serial-thin sections using the catia (conception assistée tridimensionnelle inter active) dassault system program. the presence of a mitochondrion, complex well-developed endoplasmic structures, and numerous golgi vesicles was established. a better understanding of the ultrastructure of rabbit-derived p. carinii stages made it possible to formulate hypotheses on the evolution and phys ... | 1991 | 1787426 |
| glucan synthesis in pneumocystis carinii. | rat-derived pneumocystis carinii lysed with sodium deoxycholate catalysed the incorporation of uridine diphosphoglucose into an insoluble polymer. this enzyme activity was present in both the pellet and the supernatant when the p. carinii preparations were centrifuged. the polymer whose production was catalysed by the supernatant was examined by mass spectrometry and found to be an alpha 1----4 glucan, which is either unbranched or has relatively few branches. polymer formation was completely in ... | 1991 | 1787429 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: detection of parasites by immunofluorescence based on a monoclonal antibody. | a monoclonal antibody-based immunofluorescence test for the detection of pneumocystis carinii was evaluated in comparison with the conventional direct staining by grocott's silver methenamine technique. a total of 254 respiratory samples from hiv positive and other immunocompromised patients were examined. cysts were detected in 30 (12%) of samples using the monoclonal test, but only 15 (6%) positives were found using the grocott method. there is need for a speedy and efficient test for detectio ... | 1991 | 1787784 |
| [polymyositis as the first manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. | we present a case of polymyositis (pm) in a patient with no previous relevant medical history, who had received blood transfusion four years ago during surgery. it could be demonstrated that the patient was hiv infected inspite the fact that he did not belong to any other high risk groups. pm was the clinical presentation form of hiv infection, the patient dying five months later due to a pneumocystis carinii. the main clinical and histologic characteristics of pm in hiv infected patients are de ... | 1991 | 1788459 |
| [bilateral pneumothorax in a patient with aids and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. | 1991 | 1788466 | |
| [the biological characteristics of pneumocystis carinii]. | 1991 | 1789040 | |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia as a complication of methotrexate treatment of asthma. | a 32 year old man with chronic severe asthma, requiring maintenance oral corticosteroids, was started on a weekly dose of methotrexate. eleven weeks later he developed pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. in the two years following treatment there has been no recurrence while oral corticosteroid treatment has been continued. pneumocystis pneumonia should be considered in asthmatic patients taking methotrexate who present with fever, pulmonary infiltrates, and hypoxia. | 1991 | 1792646 |
| autoradiographic examination of the organ distribution of 14c-labelled pentamidine in rats after intravenous and inhaled administration. | the organ distribution of 14c pentamidine was studied in sprague dawley rats by means of whole-body autoradiography following intravenous and inhaled application of pentamidine (pentacarinat, cas 140-64-7). the distribution time after intravenous administration of 5 mg pentamidine per kg rat was 30 min, 6 h, 24 h, and 7 days, respectively. the corresponding times after administration of aerosolized pentamidine were 30 min and 24 h. the distribution of radioactivity was also determined by measuri ... | 1991 | 1796921 |
| effect of surfactant replacement on pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in rats. | the effect of intratracheal surfactant instillation on pulmonary function in rats with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) was investigated. in those animals which developed pcp with severe respiratory failure after administration of cortisone acetate s.c. over 8-12 weeks, pulmonary function was improved by surfactant instillation. pao2 values 30 min after surfactant instillation were significantly higher compared to pretreatment values and also compared to pao2 values of rats 30 min after rece ... | 1991 | 1797892 |
| three cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome complicated with toxic epidermal necrolysis. | co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) and pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine have been recommended for treatment and prophylaxis, respectively, of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). however, toxic epidermal necrolysis (ten) occurred in three of four patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) during the course of treatment or prophylaxis of pcp with these agents. on the other hand, 14 patients with pcp treated with pentamidine never developed ten. because the incidence of adverse ... | 1991 | 1798215 |
| [adverse effects of cotrimoxazole in spanish patients with aids and pneumonia caused by pneumocystis carinii]. | we retrospectively analyze the untoward effects due to cotrimoxazole (cmx) when this drug was used as initial therapy in 37 spanish aids patients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). a total of 46% of patients developed an adverse reaction, that was considered severe in 24.3% of cases, and prompted to stop cmx therapy in 10.8% of patients. the most frequent untoward effects were low white blood cells count (29.7%), skin rash (16.2%) and low platelet count (13.5%). the overall compliance an ... | 1991 | 1799610 |
| [advances in the diagnosis pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. | 1991 | 1802443 | |
| [pneumocystis carinii pneumonia as a manifestations of aids]. | 1991 | 1803144 | |
| spontaneous remission of acute myeloid leukemia in a patient with concurrent pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | we present a case of acute myeloid leukemia which went into complete remission during the course of concurrent interstitial pneumonia caused by pneumocystis carinii. as no antileukemic, cytostatic chemotherapy had been given, it is assumed that the infection played a major role in inducing this remission, which was however of only 6 months duration. brief reference is made to the literature concerning the effects of infections on the course of leukemia. | 1991 | 1803326 |
| serologic response to pneumocystis carinii of seoul national university hospital patients. | a total of 2,580 sera of the patients who were consulted to the serology laboratory of the seoul national university hospital were collected in 1990. the sera were screened by micro-elisa to detect igg antibody reacting with pneumocystis carinii antigen. the absorbances were 0.00 to 1.41 and mean 0.27 +/- 0.253. as the positive criterion was set absorbance 0.2 or more with 70% sensitivity, total positive rate was 44.4%. mean absorbances and positive rates were higher in children than in adults; ... | 1991 | 1804299 |