Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| an est resource for cassava and other species of euphorbiaceae. | cassava (manihot esculenta) is a major food staple for nearly 600 million people in africa, asia, and latin america. major losses in yield result from biotic and abiotic stresses that include diseases such as cassava mosaic disease (cmd) and cassava bacterial blight (cbb), drought, and acid soils. additional losses also occur from deterioration during the post-harvest storage of roots. to help cassava breeders overcome these obstacles, the scientific community has turned to modern genomics appro ... | 2004 | 15630617 |
| a unigene catalogue of 5700 expressed genes in cassava. | two economically important characters, starch content and cassava bacterial blight resistance, were targeted to generate a large collection of cassava ests. two libraries were constructed from cassava root tissues of varieties with high and low starch contents. other libraries were constructed from plant tissues challenged by the pathogen xanthomonas axonopodis pv.manihotis. we report here the single pass sequencing of 11,954 cdna clones from the 5' ends, including 111 from the 3' ends. cluster ... | 2004 | 15630618 |
| bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) library resource for positional cloning of pest and disease resistance genes in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | pest and disease problems are important constraints of cassava production and host plant resistance is the most efficient method of combating them. breeding for host plant resistance is considerably slowed down by the crop's biological constraints of a long growth cycle, high levels of heterozygosity and a large genetic load. more efficient methods such as gene cloning and transgenesis are required to deploy resistance genes. to facilitate the cloning of resistance genes, bacterial artificial ch ... | 2004 | 15630619 |
| serial analysis of gene expression (sage) of host-plant resistance to the cassava mosaic disease (cmd). | cassava mosaic disease (cmd) is a viral disease of the important tropical staple crop cassava (manihot esculenta) and preferred management involves use of host-plant resistance. the best available resistance is controlled by a single dominant gene. serial analysis of gene expression (sage) was used to analyze the gene expression pattern in a bulk of 40 each of cmd resistant and susceptible genotypes drawn from a gene mapping progeny. messenger rna used for the sage analysis came from plants that ... | 2004 | 15630620 |
| recent progress in the characterization of molecular determinants in the xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis-cassava interaction. | cassava bacterial blight, caused by xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (xam), is a widespread disease that affects cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). studies on the pathogen population structure, pathogen diagnosis, identification and expression of plant genes involved in resistance have been carried out. different molecular techniques were developed to assess the genetic diversity among the xampopulations. characterization of xam population dynamics over time had enable us to determine the d ... | 2004 | 15630621 |
| cassava mosaic geminiviruses in africa. | cassava mosaic disease (cmd) caused by cassava mosaic geminiviruses (cmgs) (geminiviridae:begomovirus) is undoubtedly the most important constraint to the production of cassava in africa at the outset of the 21st century. although the disease was recorded for the first time in the latter part of the 19th century, for much of the intervening period it has been relatively benign in most of the areas where it occurs and has generally been considered to be of minor economic significance. towards the ... | 2004 | 15630622 |
| broad spectrum resistance to ssdna viruses associated with transgene-induced gene silencing in cassava. | geminiviruses are ssdna viruses that infect a range of economically important crop species. we have developed a pathogen-derived transgenic approach to generate high levels of resistance against these pathogens in a susceptible cultivar of cassava (manihot esculenta). integration of the ac1 gene (which encodes the replication-associated protein) from african cassava mosaic virus imparted resistance against the homologous virus and provided strong cross-protection against two heterologous species ... | 2004 | 15630623 |
| a geminivirus-induced gene silencing system for gene function validation in cassava. | we have constructed an african cassava mosaic virus (acmv) based gene-silencing vector as a reverse genetics tool for gene function analysis in cassava. the vector carrying a fragment from the nicotiana tabacum sulfur gene (su), encoding one unit of the chloroplast enzyme magnesium chelatase, was used to induce the silencing of the cassava orthologous gene resulting in yellow-white spots characteristic of the inhibition of su expression. this result suggests that well developed sequence database ... | 2004 | 15630624 |
| identification and characterization of a novel cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) clone with high free sugar content and novel starch. | this study reports the identification of a new class of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) with a storage root showing unusual free sugar accumulation and novel starch. twenty-seven clones high in free sugar were identified under cultivation in primitive rural community areas in the amazon. iodine test and glucose oxidase-peroxidase reagent strips were used, in the field, for identification of starch and glucose, respectively. five out of these 27 clones of cassava were cultivated at embrapa gen ... | 2004 | 15630625 |
| engineering cyanogen synthesis and turnover in cassava (manihot esculenta). | cassava is the major root crop for a quarter billion subsistence farmers in sub-saharan africa. it is valued for its ability to grow in adverse environments and the food security it provides. cassava contains potentially toxic levels of cyanogenic glycosides (linamarin) which protect the plant from herbivory and theft. the cyanogens, including linamarin and its deglycosylated product, acetone cyanohydrin, can be efficiently removed from the root by various processing procedures. short-cuts in pr ... | 2004 | 15630626 |
| development and application of transgenic technologies in cassava. | the capacity to integrate transgenes into the tropical root crop cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is now established and being utilized to generate plants expressing traits of agronomic interest. the tissue culture and gene transfer systems currently employed to produce these transgenic cassava have improved significantly over the past 5 years and are assessed and compared in this review. programs are underway to develop cassava with enhanced resistance to viral diseases and insects pests, imp ... | 2004 | 15630627 |
| effects of fresh cassava tops on rumen environment parameters, thyroid gland hormones and liver enzymes of local yellow cattle fed urea-treated fresh rice straw. | in a 4 x 4 latin square design study, four rumen-cannulated local yellow cattle, average weight 330 kg, were fed urea-treated fresh rice straw (ufrs) ad libitum and given 1 kg cassava root meal daily as basal diet in each 30-day trial period. four treatment levels of crude protein of fresh cassava tops (fct) were supplied: 0 (fct0), 50 (fct50), 100 (fct100) and 150 g (fct150) crude protein per 100 kg body weight. the results showed a continuous decrease in dry matter intake (dmi) of ufrs with in ... | 2004 | 15643811 |
| effect of temperature on the survival and infectivity of pseudotheraptus devastans vector. | the aim of this study was to investigate under a controlled environment, the effect of temperature on the survival and infectivity of pseudotheraptus devastans distant, a cassava anthracnose disease vector. the insect p. devastans was collected from young cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) field plots, at the international institute of tropical agriculture, (iita), ibadan, nigeria. a mixture of the different developmental stages of eggs, first to fifth instar nymphs, and adults, were incubated i ... | 2004 | 15645178 |
| using cdna and genomic sequences as tools to develop snp strategies in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | single nucleotide polymorphisms (snp) are the most abundant type of dna polymorphism found in animal and plant genomes. they provide an important new source of molecular markers that are useful in genetic mapping, map-based positional cloning, quantitative trait locus mapping and the assessment of genetic distances between individuals. very little is known on the frequency of snps in cassava. we have exploited the recently-developed collection of cassava expressed sequence tags (ests) to detect ... | 2005 | 15650816 |
| cassava biology and physiology. | cassava or manioc (manihot esculenta crantz), a perennial shrub of the new world, currently is the sixth world food crop for more than 500 million people in tropical and sub-tropical africa, asia and latin america. it is cultivated mainly by resource-limited small farmers for its starchy roots, which are used as human food either fresh when low in cyanogens or in many processed forms and products, mostly starch, flour, and for animal feed. because of its inherent tolerance to stressful environme ... | 2004 | 15669146 |
| oxidative stress responses during cassava post-harvest physiological deterioration. | a major constraint to the development of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) as a crop to both farmers and processors is its starchy storage roots' rapid post-harvest deterioration, which can render it unpalatable and un-marketable within 24-72 h. an oxidative burst occurs within 15 min of the root being injured, that is followed by the altered regulation of genes, notably for catalase and peroxidase, related to the modulation of reactive oxygen species, and the accumulation of secondary metaboli ... | 2004 | 15669147 |
| production of high-purity isomalto-oligosaccharides syrup by the enzymatic conversion of transglucosidase and fermentation of yeast cells. | a method for the production of high-purity isomalto-oligosaccharides (imo) involving the transglucosylation by transglucosidase and yeast fermentation was proposed. the starch of rice crumbs was enzymatically liquefied and saccharified, and then converted to low-purity imo syrup by transglucosylation. the low-purity imo produced either from rice crumbs or tapioca flour as the starch source could be effectively converted to high-purity imo by yeast fermentation to remove the digestible sugars inc ... | 2005 | 15672377 |
| production of gliotoxin on natural substrates by trichoderma virens. | gliotoxin, an epithiodiketopiperazine toxin produced by the "q" strain of trichoderma virens, is essential for curtailing growth and multiplication of phytopathogens (howell et al. 1993, fravel 1988). three isolates (gv, gv-a and gv-v) of trichoderma virens were grown on natural substrates such as bengal gram hull, gingelly cake, green gram hull, rice bran, soya meal, sugarcane bagasse, soyameal + tapioca, tapioca powder, tapioca peel and wheat bran). it was evident from this study that maximum ... | 2005 | 15678558 |
| fermented milk-starch and milk-inulin products as vehicles for lactic acid bacteria. | formulations using cassava starch or inulin plus milk were fermented with three different lactic acid bacteria (lab) strains: lactobacillus plantarum d34, lactobacillus sp. slh6, and streptococcus thermophilus st4. growth and acidification were followed in 3% powdered milk (m3), 3% milk-6% starch (m3-s6), and 3% milk-6% inulin (m3-in6). d34 and slh6 growth was enhanced by starch in m3-s6, when compared to the count (cfu/ml) obtained in m3. growth of all strains was promoted by inulin. all fermen ... | 2004 | 15678724 |
| suppression of rna silencing by a geminivirus nuclear protein, ac2, correlates with transactivation of host genes. | bipartite geminiviruses encode a small protein, ac2, that functions as a transactivator of viral transcription and a suppressor of rna silencing. a relationship between these two functions had not been investigated before. we characterized both of these functions for ac2 from mungbean yellow mosaic virus-vigna (mymv). when transiently expressed in plant protoplasts, mymv ac2 strongly transactivated the viral promoter; ac2 was detected in the nucleus, and a split nuclear localization signal (nls) ... | 2005 | 15681452 |
| dart for high-throughput genotyping of cassava (manihot esculenta) and its wild relatives. | understanding the distribution of genetic diversity within and among individuals, populations, species and gene pools is crucial for the efficient management of germplasm collections. molecular markers are playing an increasing role in germplasm characterization, yet their broad application is limited by the availability of markers, the costs and the low throughput of existing technologies. this is particularly true for crops of resource-poor farmers such as cassava, manihot esculenta. here we r ... | 2005 | 15742202 |
| growth performance of lambs in phangrang, vietnam: effects of a dietary supplement containing prickly-pear cactus. | in phanrang, vietnam, sheep production is limited by the sparse availability of green roughage. although prickly-pear cactus (opuntia elator) is abundant in the area, it is not used. it was considered relevant therefore to test whether prickly-pear cactus could be used a component of feed supplements. with the use of the cactus and other local products--namely groundnut cake, fish sauce by-product, molasses, rice bran and cassava flour--two supplements were prepared. the level of cactus in the t ... | 2005 | 15747860 |
| evolution under domestication: contrasting functional morphology of seedlings in domesticated cassava and its closest wild relatives. | although cassava (manihot esculenta ssp. esculenta) is asexually propagated, farmers incorporate plants from seedlings into planting stocks. these products of sex are exposed to selection, which in agricultural environments should favour rapid growth. to examine whether seedling morphology has evolved under domestication, we compared domesticated cassava, its wild progenitor (m. esculenta ssp. flabellifolia) and their sister species (m. pruinosa) under controlled conditions. field observations c ... | 2005 | 15760372 |
| molecular characterization of a cdna encoding copper/zinc superoxide dismutase from cultured cells of manihot esculenta. | superoxide dismutase (sod) cdna, msod2, encoding cytosolic copper/zinc sod (cuznsod) cdna was isolated from suspension-cultured cells of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) by cdna library screening, and its expression was investigated in relation to environmental stress. msod2 is 774 bp in length with an open reading frame (orf) of 152 amino acids, corresponding to a protein of predicted molecular mass 15 kda and a pi of 5.22. one copy of the msod2 gene was found to be present in the cassava gen ... | 2005 | 15763666 |
| molecular biodiversity of cassava begomoviruses in tanzania: evolution of cassava geminiviruses in africa and evidence for east africa being a center of diversity of cassava geminiviruses. | cassava is infected by numerous geminiviruses in africa and india that cause devastating losses to poor farmers. we here describe the molecular diversity of seven representative cassava mosaic geminiviruses (cmgs) infecting cassava from multiple locations in tanzania. we report for the first time the presence of two isolates in east africa: (eacmcv-[tz1] and eacmcv-[tz7]) of the species east african cassava mosaic cameroon virus, originally described in west africa. the complete nucleotide seque ... | 2005 | 15784145 |
| effect of bread containing resistant starch on postprandial blood glucose levels in humans. | we examined the inhibitory effect of a single ingestion of bread containing resistant starch (bread containing about 6 g of resistant starch derived from tapioca per 2 slices) (test food) on the postprandial increase in blood glucose in male and female adults with a fasting blood glucose level between 100 and 140 mg/dl. bread not containing resistant starch (placebo) was used as the control. the study was conducted in 20 subjects (9 men and 11 women with a mean age of 50.5+/-7.5 years) using the ... | 2005 | 15784985 |
| [nutritional characterization of carbohydrates and proximal composition of cooked tropical roots and tubers produced in costa rica]. | tropical roots and tubers (trt) are important staple foods in the tropics. trt are produced by small farmers and have received only limited attention. the objective of this paper was to evaluate nutritionally important carbohydrate fractions and proximal composition of cooked cassava (manihot esculenta), cocoyam- or tannia- (xantosoma sp) and yam (dioscorea alata) grown in costa rica. twenty boiled samples of each trt were analyzed for proximal composition, following aoac protocols. carbohydrate ... | 2004 | 15807209 |
| inversion of stereoselectivity by applying mutants of the hydroxynitrile lyase from manihot esculenta. | the influence of trp128-substituted mutants of the hydroxynitrile lyase from manihot esculenta (mehnl) on the stereoselectivity of mehnl-catalyzed hcn additions to aldehydes with stereogenic centers, which yield the corresponding cyanohydrins, is described. in rac-2-phenylpropionaldehyde (rac-1) reactions, wild-type (wtmehnl) and all mehnl trp128 mutants are highly (s)-selective toward the (r) enantiomer of rac-1; this results exclusively in (2s,3r)-cyanohydrin ((2s,3r)-2) with > or =96 % de. th ... | 2005 | 15812786 |
| biolistic infection of cassava using cloned components of indian cassava mosaic virus. | cassava mosaic disease (cmd) is a major constraint to cassava production in africa and asia. of the two begomoviruses associated with cmd on the indian subcontinent, indian cassava mosaic virus (icmv) and sri lankan cassava mosaic virus, only the latter has been successfully reintroduced into cassava to resolve the aetiology of the disease. here, we report the complete nucleotide sequence of an icmv isolate from maharashtra (icmv-[mah2]), central india. biolistic inoculation of the cloned compon ... | 2005 | 15824887 |
| gene expression profile in response to xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis infection in cassava using a cdna microarray. | a cassava cdna microarray based on a large cassava est database was constructed and used to study the incompatible interaction between cassava and xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (xam) strain cio151. for microarray construction, 5700 clones from the cassava unigene set were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and printed on glass slides. microarray hybridization was performed using cdna from cassava plants (resistant variety mbra685) collected at 12, 24, 48 h and 7 and 15 days post ... | 2005 | 15830129 |
| abundance, dispersion and parasitism of the stem borer busseola fusca (lepidoptera: noctuidae) in maize in the humid forest zone of southern cameroon. | this study was conducted in the humid forest zone of cameroon, in 2002 and 2003. the main objective was to investigate the effects of intercropping on infestation levels and parasitism of the noctuid maize stem borer busseola fusca fuller. two trials were planted per year, one during the long and one during the short rainy season. maize monocrops were compared with maize/legume or maize/cassava intercrops in two spatial arrangements: maize on alternate hills or in alternate rows. spatial analyse ... | 2005 | 15877866 |
| descriptive study of chronic calcific pancreatitis in sri lanka. | to describe the potential risk factors, clinical features, biochemical and radiological features, and management of chronic calcific pancreatitis. | 2005 | 15881556 |
| assessment of laboratory methods for evaluating cassava genotypes for resistance to root rot disease. | field evaluation of six cassava genotypes for resistance to root rot disease was compared with three rapid laboratory methods (whole root inoculation, root slice inoculation, and stem inoculation) for resistance screening. both the field evaluation and the three laboratory methods separated the varieties into resistant and susceptible groups. genotypes 30572 and 91/02324 were resistant while 92/0247, 92/0057 and tme-1 were susceptible. one genotype (30001) was not consistent in its reaction betw ... | 2005 | 15883733 |
| whitefly bemisia tabaci (homoptera: aleyrodidae) infestation on cassava genotypes grown at different ecozones in nigeria. | large-scale screening of cassava, manihot esculenta crantz, genotypes for resistance to infestation by whitefly bemisia tabaci gennadius, the vector of cassava mosaic geminiviruses, is limited. a range of new cassava elite clones were therefore assessed for the whitefly infestation in the 1999/2000 and 2000/2001 cropping seasons in experimental fields of international institute of tropical agriculture, ibadan, nigeria. on each scoring day, between 0600 and 0800 hours when the whiteflies were rel ... | 2005 | 15889755 |
| application of fta technology for sampling, recovery and molecular characterization of viral pathogens and virus-derived transgenes from plant tissues. | plant viral diseases present major constraints to crop production. effective sampling of the viruses infecting plants is required to facilitate their molecular study and is essential for the development of crop protection and improvement programs. retaining integrity of viral pathogens within sampled plant tissues is often a limiting factor in this process, most especially when sample sizes are large and when operating in developing counties and regions remote from laboratory facilities. fta is ... | 2005 | 15904535 |
| development of a controlled release formulation based on a starch matrix system. | controlled release formulation (crf) of the insecticide acetamiprid was made using tapioca starch, urea and sodium borate. the data show the recovery of this crf process is > 95.43%, there is no obvious difference with increase of sodium borate added, however, with the increase of urea in the mixture, the formulation has a decrease recovery. in stability test, the decomposition rate of acetamiprid crf was less one tenth than that of the acetamiprid emulsifiable concentrate (ec) under uv radiatio ... | 2005 | 15905051 |
| extracellular amylase(s) production by fungi botryodiplodia theobromae and rhizopus oryzae grown on cassava starch residue. | the fungi botryodiplodia theobromae and rhizopus oryzae produce extracellular amylase when grown on a liquid medium containing 2% (wn) soluble starch or cassava starch residue(csr) (as starch equivalent), a waste generated after extraction of starch from cassava, as the sole carbon source. using csr as the sole carbon source, the highest amylase activity of 3.25 and 3.8 units (mg, glucose released x ml(-1) x h(-1)) were obtained in shake flask cultures during the late stationary phase of growth ... | 2004 | 15907080 |
| effects of regular and modified starches on cooked pale, soft, and exudative; normal; and dry, firm, and dark breast meat batters. | the effects of potato and tapioca starches (regular and modified) on the texture, yield, and microstructure of pale, soft, and exudative (pse); normal; and dark, firm, and dry (dfd) chicken breast meats were studied. cook yield and fracture force were higher in dfd than in normal and pse meat. all starches significantly improved yield with modified tapioca showing the best results. light microscopy showed even distribution and gelatinization of large potato starch granules and small tapioca gran ... | 2005 | 15913192 |
| major polyadenylated transcripts of cassava latent virus and location of the gene encoding coat protein. | the nucleotide sequences of infectious cloned dnas 1 and 2 of a kenyan isolate of cassava latent virus (clv) have been determined. five virus-specific polyadenylated transcripts have been identified and mapped either to the viral or complementary sense dnas of both components of the clv genome, confirming that transcription is bidirectional on both dnas. a major mrna has been translated in vitro to yield a 30 000 mol. wt. product, which is precipitated by antibodies raised against whole virus, a ... | 1985 | 15918226 |
| a survey of pig production systems in the rain forest of the pacific coast colombia. | a questionnaire-based survey was conducted in small-scale pig farms in the rain forest of the colombian pacific coast in order to study aspects of reproduction, nutrition and productivity. a total of 124 farmers was interviewed. they owned, on average, 13.6 pigs, including 2.3 sows, mainly of the zungo breed. pigs are reared in extensive systems and are allowed to wander freely in search of food. the sows produce, on average, 9.6 piglets/litter but, owing to poor sanitary conditions, 1.5 are bor ... | 2005 | 15934639 |
| the nucleotide sequence of cloned wheat dwarf virus dna. | restriction analysis and cloning of virus-specific double-stranded dna isolated from plants infected with wheat dwarf virus (wdv) indicated that the virus genome, like that of maize streak virus (msv), consists of a single dna circle. the complete nucleotide sequence of cloned wdv dna (2749 nucleotides) has been determined. comparison of the potential coding regions in wdv dna with those in the dna of two strains of msv suggests that these viruses encode at least two functional proteins, the coa ... | 1985 | 15938050 |
| production of xylanase and protease by penicillium janthinellum crc 87m-115 from different agricultural wastes. | five agricultural wastes were evaluated in submerged fermentation for xylanolytic enzymes production by penicillium janthinellum. the wastes were hydrolyzed in acid medium and the liquid fraction was used for cultivation. corn cob (55.3 u/ml) and oat husk (54.8 u/ml) were the best inducers of xylanase. sugar cane bagasse (23.0 u/ml) and corn husk (23.8 u/ml) were moderately good, while cassava peel was negligible. protease production was very low in all agro-industrial residues. the maximum biom ... | 2006 | 15953719 |
| purification and characterization of a thermostable raw starch digesting amylase from a streptomyces sp. isolated in a milling factory. | a raw starch utilizing microbe was isolated from mud in a milling factory. the 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) sequencing and morphological properties of the strain indicated that it belongs to the genus streptomyces. a strongly raw starch digesting amylase was purified from the culture supernatant of the strain by chromatographic procedures. the specific activity of the enzyme was 11.7 u/mg, molecular mass 47 kda, optimum ph 6.0, and optimum temperature 50 to 60 degrees c. the enzyme showed sufficient ... | 2005 | 15973037 |
| identification of a second begomovirus, sri lankan cassava mosaic virus, causing cassava mosaic disease in india. | the dna a and dna b components of a begomovirus associated with cassava mosaic disease (cmd) originating from kerala, india, were cloned. biolistically inoculated clones induced symptoms typical of cmd in cassava. sequence comparisons showed the virus to be an isolate of sri lankan cassava mosaic virus (slcmv). this is the first time this begomovirus species has been identified in india and only the second species shown to cause cmd in the country. the implication of these findings on our unders ... | 2005 | 15986172 |
| microrna-binding viral protein interferes with arabidopsis development. | micrornas (mirnas) are small (approximately 21 nt), noncoding rnas that negatively regulate target mrnas at the posttranscriptional level that are involved in development. in plants, virus-induced disease symptoms often result in developmental abnormalities resembling perturbation of mirna-mediated function. here, we report that expression in transgenic plants of a geminivirus-encoded ac4 protein from african cassava mosaic virus cameroon strain (acmv), a suppressor of posttranscriptional gene s ... | 2005 | 16006510 |
| epistasis in the expression of relevant traits in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) for subhumid conditions. | there is limited knowledge on the inheritance of agronomic traits in cassava and the importance of epistasis for most crops. a nine-parent diallel study was conducted in subhumid environments. thirty clones were obtained from each f1 cross. each clone was represented by six plants, which were distributed in three replications at two locations. therefore the same 30 genotypes of each f1 cross were planted in the three replications at the two locations. analysis of variance suggested significant g ... | 2006 | 16014808 |
| effect of ripe fruit pulp on the sensory and nutritive quality of ready-to-eat breakfast cereal produced from maize and soybean flours and cassava starch blends. | the effects of various concentrations of different ripe fruit pulps on the sensory and nutritive quality of breakfast cereal were studied. the breakfast cereal was formulated using 1 kg composite flour (composed of 600 g maize flour and 400 g soy flour) in addition to 100 g cassava starch, 225 g sugar and 12 g salt. pineapple, pawpaw and banana ripe fruit pulps were added separately to the breakfast formulation at concentrations of 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 g/kg composite flour. using sensory eva ... | 2005 | 16019313 |
| boron nutrition and chilling tolerance of warm climate crop species. | field observations and glasshouse studies have suggested links between boron (b)-deficiency and leaf damage induced by low temperature in crop plants, but causal relationships between these two stresses at physiological, biochemical and molecular levels have yet to be explored. limited evidence at the whole-plant level suggests that chilling temperature in the root zone restricts b uptake capacity and/or b distribution/utilization efficiency in the shoot, but the nature of this interaction depen ... | 2005 | 16033777 |
| effect of temperature on geminivirus-induced rna silencing in plants. | short-interfering rnas (sirnas), the molecular markers of posttranscriptional gene silencing (ptgs), are powerful tools that interfere with gene expression and counter virus infection both in plants and animals. here, we report the effect of temperature on geminivirus-induced gene silencing by quantifying virus-derived sirnas and by evaluating their distribution along the virus genome for isolates of five species of cassava geminiviruses in cassava (manihot esculenta, crantz) and nicotiana benth ... | 2005 | 16040661 |
| diversity and technological properties of predominant lactic acid bacteria from fermented cassava used for the preparation of gari, a traditional african food. | traditional fermentation of cassava is dominated by a lactic acid bacteria (lab) population. fermentation is important for improving product flavour and aroma as well as safety, especially by reduction of its toxic cyanogenic glucosides. the production of gari from cassava in benin typically occurs on a household or small industrial scale, and consequently suffers from inconsistent product quality and may not always be safe for consumption. therefore, the diversity of lab from a typical cassava ... | 2005 | 16104351 |
| cassava plants with a depleted cyanogenic glucoside content in leaves and tubers. distribution of cyanogenic glucosides, their site of synthesis and transport, and blockage of the biosynthesis by rna interference technology. | transgenic cassava (manihot esculenta crantz, cv mcol22) plants with a 92% reduction in cyanogenic glucoside content in tubers and acyanogenic (<1% of wild type) leaves were obtained by rna interference to block expression of cyp79d1 and cyp79d2, the two paralogous genes encoding the first committed enzymes in linamarin and lotaustralin synthesis. about 180 independent lines with acyanogenic (<1% of wild type) leaves were obtained. only a few of these were depleted with respect to cyanogenic glu ... | 2005 | 16126856 |
| biodiversity and recombination of cassava-infecting begomoviruses from southern india. | cassava mosaic disease (cmd) is caused by various begomoviruses of the family geminiviridae leading to considerable crop losses in africa and asia. recombination between their genomic components has generated new pathotypes with enhanced virulence in africa. here, we report about a survey on the biodiversity of begomoviruses in cassava from southern india (tamil nadu and kerala states) performed in 2001 and 2002. viral dna a components from stem cuttings were analysed using polymerase chain reac ... | 2006 | 16132175 |
| lactic acid bacteria and yeasts associated with spontaneous fermentations during the production of sour cassava starch in brazil. | sour cassava starch is a traditional fermented food used in the preparation of fried foods and baked goods such as traditional cheese breads in brazil. thirty samples of sour cassava starch were collected from two factories in the state of minas gerais. the samples were examined for the presence of lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, mesophilic microorganisms, bacillus cereus and faecal coliforms. lactic acid bacteria and yeasts isolates were identified by biochemical tests, and the identities were co ... | 2005 | 16153731 |
| production and properties of a surfactant obtained from bacillus subtilis grown on cassava wastewater. | the production and properties of a biosurfactant, synthesized by bacillus subtilis lb5a strain, using cassava wastewater as substrate were investigated. the microorganism was able to grow and to produce surfactant on cassava waste, reducing the surface tension of medium to 26.6 mn/m and giving a crude surfactant concentration of 3.0 g/l after 48 h. the surface-active compound retained its properties during exposure to elevate temperatures (100 degrees c), high salinity (20% nacl) and a wide rang ... | 2006 | 16171690 |
| relationships of intercropped maize, stem borer damage to maize yield and land-use efficiency in the humid forest of cameroon. | stem borers are the most important maize pests in the humid forest zone of cameroon. field trials were conducted in the long and short rainy seasons of 2002 and 2003 to assess the level of damage and yield reductions caused by stem borers in monocropped maize and in maize intercropped with non-host plants such as cassava, cowpea and soybean. the intercrops were planted in two spatial arrangements, i.e. alternating hills or alternating rows. all intercrops and the maize monocrop were grown with a ... | 2005 | 16197562 |
| characterisation of the microflora of attiéké, a fermented cassava product, during traditional small-scale preparation. | attiéké is a fermented cassava product consumed mainly in cote d'ivoire. the aim of this study was to characterise the attiéké fermentation by examining products from 15 small-scale production sites at various stages of its preparation. for the preparation of attiéké, fresh cassava is grated to a pulp and inoculated with 10% of a spontaneous traditional inoculum. the inocula contained aerobic mesophiles at mean numbers of 8.2 x 10(7) cfu/g and lactic and acetic acids at mean concentrations of 0. ... | 2006 | 16213052 |
| hydroxynitrile lyase catalysis in ionic liquid-containing systems. | the cleavage of mandelonitrile catalysed by hydroxynitrile lyases (hnl) from prunus amygdalus (pahnl) and manihot esculenta (mehnl) proceeded more rapidly in monophasic aqueous media containing 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [c4mim][bf4] than in media containing acetonitrile or thf. both hnls were much more thermostable in [c4mim][bf4] than in acetonitrile or thf. the addition of each of the four ionic liquids 1-butyl-, 1-pentyl- and 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborates ... | 2005 | 16215854 |
| production of ethanol from liquefied cassava starch using co-immobilized cells of zymomonas mobilis and saccharomyces diastaticus. | co-immobilized cells of saccharomyces diastaticus and zymomonas mobilis produced a high ethanol concentration compared to immobilized cells of s. diastaticus during batch fermentation of liquefied cassava starch. the co-immobilized cells produced 46.7 g/l ethanol from 150 g/l liquefied cassava starch, while immobilized cells of yeast s. diastaticus produced 37.5 g/l ethanol. the concentration of ethanol produced by immobilized cells was higher than that by free cells of s. diastaticus and z. mob ... | 2001 | 16233146 |
| degradation of cell wall materials from sweetpotato, cassava, and potato by a bacterial protopectinase and terminal sugar analysis of the resulting solubilized products. | cell wall materials (cwms) from sweetpotato, cassava, and potato starch residues were degraded using a crude enzyme solution from the culture filtrate of a bacillus sp. isolated from soil, bacillus sp. m4. this organism has been found to secrete polygalacturonic acid lyase (pgl) and glycan depolymerase activities, especially arabinanase, but cellulase activity was nearly absent. sugar analysis of the solubilized product after enzyme treatment at ph 7.0 revealed that it is mainly composed of gala ... | 2002 | 16233167 |
| growth of aspergillus oryzae during treatment of cassava starch processing wastewater with high content of suspended solids. | aspergillus oryzae ifo 30113 was used for the treatment of the cassava starch processing (csp) wastewater. the observations on the fungal morphology showed that, in the shake flasks containing the csp wastewater with the high concentration of suspended solids, the formation of pellets originated from the adherence of germinated spores to solid particles in medium. the attached solid particles were also digested during the fungal fermentation and resulted in the formation of the smooth and hollow ... | 2004 | 16233638 |
| the impact of the hyperacid ijen crater lake. part i: concentrations of elements in crops and soil. | in asembagus (east java, indonesia) irrigation water is contaminated with effluent from the hyperacid ijen crater lake resulting in a low ph and high levels of various elements. as a first step towards a risk assessment, locally produced food items (rice, maize, cassava leaf, cassava root, peanuts) were collected and concentrations of as, b, ca, cd, co, cu, fe, mg, mn, mo, ni, pb, v, zn were compared to samples from a reference area and with literature values. further, concentrations in rice wer ... | 2005 | 16237597 |
| l(+)-lactic acid production using lactobacillus casei in solid-state fermentation. | lactobacillus casei was grown at 37 degrees c on sugarcane bagasse (5 g) soaked with cassava starch hydrolysate (final moistening volume 34 ml) containing 3 g reducing sugar in a solid-state condition. the maximum yield of l-lactic acid after various process optimisations was 2.9 g/5 g initial substrate corresponding to 97% conversion of sugar to lactic acid with initial substrate moisture of 72%. | 2005 | 16247675 |
| effect of replacement of maize with cassava peel in cockerel diets on performance and carcass characteristics. | 2005 | 16248221 | |
| isolation and characterization of an alpha-amylase gene in cassava (manihot esculenta). | the roots of cassava plants (manihot esculenta crantz) accumulate starch as their major form of carbohydrate reserve. starch accumulation and properties are determined by a balance between starch biosynthesis and degradation processes. alpha-amylases (ec 3.2.1.1) are alpha-1,4 endoglycolytic enzymes, responsible for the mobilization of stored carbohydrate reserves by initiating the degradation process. alpha-amylase genes have been shown to be differentially expressed at various developmental st ... | 2005 | 16297635 |
| botanical and geographical origin identification of industrial ethanol by stable isotope analyses of c, h, and o. | the isotope ratios of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen of rectified alcohols were determined to distinguish their botanical and geographical origins by continuous flow-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (cf-irms). the (13)c/(12)c and (18)o/(16)o ratios of 27 fermented alcohols with known origins showed clusters derived from each botanical origin, viz. corn, sugarcane, wheat, and tapioca. c3 and c4 plants were easily distinguishable by the (13)c/(12)c ratio. sugarcane and corn are both c4 plants, and th ... | 2005 | 16306702 |
| fermentation methods for protein enrichment of cassava and corn with candida tropicalis. | candida tropicalis grows on soluble starch, corn, and cassava powders without requiring that these substrates be previously hydrolyzed. c. tropicalis possesses the enzyme needed to hydrolyze starch, namely, an alpha-amylase. that property has been used to develop a fermentation process whereby c. tropicalis can be grown directly on corn or cassava powders so that the resultant mixture of biomass and residual corn or cassava contains about 20% protein, which represents a balanced diet for either ... | 1980 | 16345495 |
| factors affecting yield and safety of protein production from cassava by cephalosporium eichhorniae. | the properties of cephalosporium eichhorniae 152 (atcc 38255) affecting protein production from cassava carbohydrate, for use as an animal feed, were studied. this strain is a true thermophile, showing optimum growth at 45 degrees to 47 degrees c, maximum protein yield at 45 degrees c, and no growth at 25 degrees c. it has an optimum ph of about 3.8 and is obligately acidophilic, being unable to sustain growth at ph 6.0 and above in a liquid medium, or ph 7.0 and above on solid media. the optimu ... | 1982 | 16345946 |
| development of rapidly fermenting strains of saccharomyces diastaticus for direct conversion of starch and dextrins to ethanol. | alcoholic fermentation, growth, and glucoamylase production by 12 strains of saccharomyces diastaticus were compared by using starch and dextrins as substrates. haploid progeny produced from a rapidly fermenting strain, sd2, were used for hybridization with other s. diastaticus and saccharomyces cerevisiae haploids. alcoholic fermentation and enzyme production by hybrid diploids and their haploid parents were evaluated. although the dosage of the sta or dex (starch or dextrin fermentation) genes ... | 1984 | 16346584 |
| new amylolytic yeast strains for starch and dextrin fermentation. | yeast strains capable of fermenting starch and dextrin to ethanol were isolated from samples collected from brazilian factories in which cassava flour is produced. considerable alcohol production was observed for all the strains selected. one strain (di-10) fermented starch rapidly and secreted 5 times as much amylolytic enzyme than that observed for schwanniomyces alluvius ucd 54-83. this strain and three other similar isolates were classified as saccharomyces cerevisiae var. diastaticus by mor ... | 1988 | 16347755 |
| purification and properties of a maltotetraose- and maltotriose-producing amylase from chloroflexus aurantiacus. | a maltotetraose- and maltotriose-producing amylase which is stable at alkaline phs and high temperatures was detected in the culture filtrate of a strain of chloroflexus aurantiacus j-10-f1, a thermophilic, green, photosynthetic bacterium. the enzyme was purified to homogeneity, as demonstrated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, by means of ultrafiltration, ammonium sulfate fractionation, and deae-cellulose, hydroxyapatite, and high-performance liquid chromatographies. ... | 1992 | 16348751 |
| degradation of raw starch by a wild amylolytic strain of lactobacillus plantarum. | lactobacillus plantarum a6, isolated from fermented cassava, can break down cassava raw starch that has not been subjected to preliminary physicochemical treatment. when the ph was kept at 6, the microorganism cultured in a bioreactor excreted a high alpha-amylase activity (60 u/ml). synthesis of the enzyme occurred during the stationary phase and resulted in full hydrolysis of the cassava starch granules. this gave 41 g of lactic acid from 45 g of raw starch after 3 days of fermentation. enzyma ... | 1994 | 16349456 |
| pathological and molecular characterization of xanthomonas campestris strains causing diseases of cassava (manihot esculenta). | fifty-one strains representing xanthomonas campestris pv. manihotis and cassavae and different pathovars occurring on plants of the family euphorbiaceae were characterized by ribotyping with a 16s+23s rrna probe of escherichia coli and by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis with a plasmid probe from x. campestris pv. manihotis. pathogenicity tests were performed on cassava (manihot esculenta). histological comparative studies were conducted on strains of two pathovars of x. campest ... | 1994 | 16349463 |
| [utilization of glucose and long-chain fatty acids in lactating dairy cows fed a fat-enriched diet]. | the fate of carbon from long-chain fatty acids and glucose in dairy cows which were fed with protected fat was studied using stable isotope technique. the experiment was carried out on two groups of dairy cows (n=16 in each group) during the first 15 weeks of the lactation period. the cows were fed isoenergetic and isoproteinogenous diets based on corn silage. about 1.8 kg of tapioca starch in the diet of the starch group was substituted by about 0.7 kg of rumen protected fat (ca salts of palm o ... | 2005 | 16366037 |
| parakari, an indigenous fermented beverage using amylolytic rhizopus in guyana. | the alcoholic beverage parakari is a product of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) fermentation by amerindians of guyana. while fermented beverage production is nearly universal among indigenous amazonians, parakari is unique among new world beverages because it involves the use of an amylolytic mold (rhizopus sp., mucoraceae, zygomycota) followed by a solid substratum ethanol fermentation. the mycological significance of this dual fermentation process previously was unrecognized. a detailed stu ... | 2013 | 16389951 |
| biosafety considerations for selectable and scorable markers used in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) biotechnology. | cassava is an important subsistence crop grown only in the tropics, and represents a major source of calories for many people in developing countries. improvements in the areas of resistance to insects and viral diseases, enhanced nutritional qualities, reduced cyanogenic content and modified starch characteristics are urgently needed. traditional breeding is hampered by the nature of the crop, which has a high degree of heterozygosity, irregular flowering, and poor seed set. biotechnology has t ... | 2006 | 16402664 |
| pesticides and metabolites in cassava, eucalyptus, plum and cashew leaves and roots in relation to a point source in kibaha, tanzania. | leaves of eucalyptus sp., prunus domestica (plum), and anacardium occidentale (cashew), as well as roots and leaves of manihot esculenta (cassava) were used to study the local distribution of pesticides and metabolites from a point source, an old storage site at vikuge farm in tanzania. the gpc-cleaned extracts were analyzed by gc-ecd and gc/ms. eleven organochlorine pesticide residues namely pentachloroanisole, p,p'-ddt, o,p'-ddt, p,p'-dde, o,p'-dde, p,p'-ddd, o,p'-ddd, alpha-hch, beta-hch, del ... | 2006 | 16403548 |
| size asymmetry in intraspecific competition and the density-dependence of inbreeding depression in a natural plant population: a case study in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz, euphorbiaceae). | the effects of competition on the genetic composition of natural populations are not well understood. we combined demography and molecular genetics to study how intraspecific competition affects microevolution in cohorts of volunteer plants of cassava (manihot esculenta) originating from seeds in slash-and-burn fields of palikur amerindians in french guiana. in this clonally propagated crop, genotypic diversity is enhanced by the incorporation of volunteer plants into farmers' stocks of clonal p ... | 2006 | 16405580 |
| production of saccharogenic and dextrinogenic amylases by rhizomucor pusillus a 13.36. | a newly-isolated thermophilic strain of the zygomycete fungus rhizomucor pusillus 13.36 produced highly active dextrinogenic and saccharogenic enzymes. cassava pulp was a good alternative substrate for amylase production. dextrinogenic and saccharogenic amylases exhibited optimum activities at a ph of 4.0-4.5 and 5.0 respectively and at a temperature of 75 degrees c. the enzymes were highly thermostable, with no detectable loss of saccharogenic or dextrinogenic activity after 1 h and 6 h at 60 d ... | 2005 | 16410774 |
| molecular characterization of geminivirus-derived small rnas in different plant species. | dna geminiviruses are thought to be targets of rna silencing. here, we characterize small interfering (si) rnas-the hallmarks of silencing-associated with cabbage leaf curl begomovirus in arabidopsis and african cassava mosaic begomovirus in nicotiana benthamiana and cassava. we detected 21, 22 and 24 nt sirnas of both polarities, derived from both the coding and the intergenic regions of these geminiviruses. genetic evidence showed that all the 24 nt and a substantial fraction of the 22 nt vira ... | 2006 | 16421273 |
| the cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) root proteome: protein identification and differential expression. | using high-resolution 2-de, we resolved proteins extracted from fibrous and tuberous root tissues of 3-month-old cassava plants. gel image analysis revealed an average of 1467 electrophoretically resolved spots on the fibrous gels and 1595 spots on the tuberous gels in ph 3-10 range. protein spots from both sets of gels were digested with trypsin. the digests were subjected to nanoelectrospray quadrupole tof tandem mass analysis. currently, we have obtained 299 protein identifications for 292 ge ... | 2006 | 16421938 |
| rnai dependent epigenetic marks on a geminivirus promoter. | nicotiana benthamiana plants were stably transformed with an intron-spliced dsrna producing construct cognate to bidirectional promoter of african cassava mosaic geminivirus (acmv) dna a. transgenic lines expressed multiple sirnas species upon acmv infection. the de novo dna methylation and an increased proportion of histone h3 lysine-9 methylation (h3k9) at intergenic region (igr) of acmv dna a were observed. | 2006 | 16445863 |
| therapeutic protein transduction of mammalian cells and mice by nucleic acid-free lentiviral nanoparticles. | the straightforward production and dose-controlled administration of protein therapeutics remain major challenges for the biopharmaceutical manufacturing and gene therapy communities. transgenes linked to hiv-1-derived vpr and pol-based protease cleavage (pc) sequences were co-produced as chimeric fusion proteins in a lentivirus production setting, encapsidated and processed to fusion peptide-free native protein in pseudotyped lentivirions for intracellular delivery and therapeutic action in tar ... | 2006 | 16449199 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the infectious cloned dna components of tomato golden mosaic virus: potential coding regions and regulatory sequences. | the nucleotide sequences of the infectious cloned dna components of tomato golden mosaic virus (tgmv) have been determined. dna a (2588 nucleotides) and dna b (2508 nucleotides) have little sequence homology except for a region of 200 bases which is almost identical in the two molecules. analysis of open reading frames revealed six potential coding regions for proteins of mol. wt. >10 000, four in dna a and two in dna b. possible regulatory signals are identified and a model for bidirectional tr ... | 1984 | 16453557 |
| expression of a bacterial gene in plants mediated by infectious geminivirus dna. | a viable coat protein deletion mutant of cassava latent virus (clv) dna 1 has been isolated, suggesting that this geminivirus might be exploited as a gene replacement vector. an extensive deletion of 727 nucleotides within the coat protein gene renders dna 1 non-infectious. chimeric clones have been constructed in which the deleted coat protein open reading frame has been replaced by the coding region of the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (cat) gene. infectivity is restored to dna ... | 1988 | 16453850 |
| production of l-lactic acid from fresh cassava roots slurried with tofu liquid waste by streptococcus bovis. | to reduce the production cost of biodegradable plastics, the fermentation performance of l-lactic acid for a new fermentation medium, fresh cassava roots (fcrs) as a substrate slurried with tofu liquid waste (tlw) as basal medium, was investigated by batch fermentation of streptococcus bovis. the fermentation properties of the three substrates, namely, fcr, tapioca (cassava starch) and glucose, which were independently mixed with tlw, were compared with those independently mixed with the standar ... | 2005 | 16473768 |
| breeding cassava for apomixis. | apomixis genes have been successfully transferred to cassava (manihot esculenta) by hybridizing it with the wild species, m. glaziovii. the interspecific hybrid of cassava and m. glaziovii was exposed to open pollination during three subsequent generations. seven sibs and the maternal progenitor of the fourth generation were genotyped using five microsatellite loci previously developed for cassava. all sibs were identical with each other and with their maternal progenitor. sibs from m. glaziovii ... | 2005 | 16475116 |
| a health evaluation in a colony of captive collared peccaries (tayassu tajacu) in the eastern amazon. | this study pretends to determine baseline data on the health and mortality of a colony of captive collared peccaries in the eastern amazon (belém, state of pará, brazil) during a 65-months survey. thirty-nine out of 166 animals (23.5%) died and were examined post-mortem. monthly mortality averaged 1.2%. the highest mortality rate was observed in newborns (74.4%). abandonment by the mother and aggression were responsible for 24.1% and 13.8% of the total newborn deaths, respectively. most frequent ... | 2006 | 16487552 |
| genetic diversity among xanthomonas campestris strains pathogenic for small grains. | a collection of 51 xanthomonas campestris strains from throughout the world was studied to detect and assess genetic diversity among pathogens of small grains. isolates from barley, bread wheat, bromegrass, canary grass, cassava, maize, orchard grass, rice, rough-stalked meadow grass, rye, timothy, and triticale were analyzed by pathogenicity tests on bread wheat cv. alondra and barley cv. corona, indirect immunofluorescence, and restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp). three probes were ... | 1995 | 16534952 |
| microbiological and biochemical characterization of cassava retting, a traditional lactic acid fermentation for foo-foo (cassava flour) production. | the overall kinetics of retting, a spontaneous fermentation of cassava roots performed in central africa, was investigated in terms of microbial-population evolution and biochemical and physicochemical parameters. during the traditional process, endogenous cyanogens were almost totally degraded, plant cell walls were lysed by the simultaneous action of pectin methylesterase and pectate lyase, and organic acids (c(inf2) to c(inf4)) were produced. most microorganisms identified were found to be fa ... | 1996 | 16535378 |
| geographical differentiation of the population of xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis in colombia. | analyses of dna polymorphism and virulence variation were used to evaluate the population structure of xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis, the pathogen causing cassava bacterial blight in colombia. we collected strains from the major cassava-growing regions which can be grouped into different edaphoclimatic zones (eczs) according to environmental conditions, production constraints, and economic parameters. dna polymorphism was assessed by a restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, us ... | 1997 | 16535731 |
| radioecological characterization of a uranium mining site located in a semi-arid region in brazil. | the work presents the radioecological characterization of the new brazilian uranium mining and milling site located in a semi-arid region of the country. the process characterization demonstrated that in heap leach plants most of the 226ra remains in the leached ore. despite the potential higher availability of radium isotopes in the soils of the studied region the lack of precipitation in that area reduces the leaching/mobilization of the radionuclides. high 226ra and 228ra concentrations were ... | 2006 | 16545512 |
| monascus fermentation of dioscorea for increasing the production of cholesterol-lowering agent--monacolin k and antiinflammation agent--monascin. | monacolin k, an inhibitor for cholesterol synthesis, is the secondary metabolite of monascus species. the formation of the secondary metabolites of the monascus species is affected by cultivation environment and method. this research uses sweet potato (ipomoea batatas), potato (solanum tuberosum), casava (manihot esculenta), and dioscorea (dioscorea batatas) as the substrates and discusses the best substrate to produce monacolin k. the results show that monascus purpureus ntu 301, with dioscorea ... | 2006 | 16568313 |
| ethanol fermentation of mahula (madhuca latifolia l.) flowers using free and immobilized yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. | there is a growing interest to find alternate bioresources for production of ethanol, apart from cane/sugar beet molasses and starchy crops like sweet sorghum, cassava and sweet potato. mahula (madhuca latifolia l.) is a forest tree abundantly available in the indian subcontinent and its flowers are very rich in fermentable sugars (28.1-36.3 g 100 g(-1)). batch fermentation of fresh and 12-month-stored flowers with free (whole cells) and immobilized cells of saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ctcr ... | 2007 | 16580830 |
| nucleotide sequence of bean golden mosaic virus and a model for gene regulation in geminiviruses. | we have sequenced the genome of bean golden mosaic virus, which comprises two circular single-stranded dna molecules (2646 and 2587 nucleotides long) of mostly unique sequence. comparison of the sequences of bean golden mosaic virus and of cassava latent virus, which share serological relationship but are very different in host range and geographical origin, shows that each virus has a unique 200-nucleotide sequence (common region) on each 2.6-kilobase molecule of its genome. the common regions ... | 1985 | 16593562 |
| bioreduction of aldehydes and ketones using manihot species. | biocatalysis constitutes an important tool in organic synthesis, especially for the preparation of chiral molecules of biological interest. a series of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes and two ketones were reduced using plant cell preparations from manihot esculenta and manihot dulcis roots. the reduced products were typically obtained in excellent yields (80-96%), and with excellent enantiomeric excess (94-98%), except for vanillin. esters, a nitrile, and an amide were also examined, but were n ... | 2006 | 16603212 |
| utilization of shrimp industry waste in the formulation of tilapia (oreochromis niloticus linnaeus) feed. | a rapid expansion of fisheries is demanding an adequate supply of efficient, nutritious and inexpensive fish feed, because feed contributes highly to the cost of fish production. shrimp head, a waste product from the shrimp export industry qualifies as an economical, abundant and good quality protein source for fish feeds. in the present work, shrimp head silage powder, which contained approximately 40% protein, was used as a substitute for fish flour. four feeds, in the form of pellets, were pr ... | 2007 | 16624557 |
| isolation and characterization of neutral lipids of desilked eri silkworm pupae grown on castor and tapioca leaves. | the neutral lipid of desilked eri silkworm pupae (samia cynthia ricini) grown on two different host plants, castor (ricinus communis linn.) and tapioca (manihot utilizsima phol.) leaves, was extracted with hexane. the oil content in pupae was estimated to be in the range of 18-20% (dry basis). the pupal oil was found to be enriched with alpha-linolenic acid (ala) with palmitic acid as the second major fatty acid. the level of ala in the oil of silkworm pupae was found to be significantly higher ... | 2006 | 16637689 |
| studies on the mineral nutrition of cassava (manihot utilissima pohl.). | 1955 | 16654734 | |
| diurnal variations in some enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in tapioca leaves. | 1962 | 16655645 | |
| changes of cyanide content and linamarase activity in wounded cassava roots. | when cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) root was cut into blocks and incubated under laboratory conditions, the blocks showed more widespread and more even symptoms of physiological deterioration than those under natural conditions. thus, the tissue block system has potential for biochemical studies of natural deterioration of cassava root. the changes in cyanide content and linamarase (linamarin beta-d-glucoside glucohydrolase; ec 3.2.1.21) activity in various tissues during physiological deter ... | 1983 | 16662957 |