Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| aminopeptidase from streptomyces griseus: primary structure and comparison with other zinc-containing aminopeptidases. | the aminopeptidase from streptomyces griseus is a calcium-activated metalloenzyme, which contains 2 mol tightly bound zinc/mol protein. this aminopeptidase rapidly hydrolyzes peptide bonds formed by n-terminal hydrophobic amino acids, such as leucine, methionine and phenylalanine. we have determined the complete primary structure of the protein, which contains 284 amino acid residues, yielding a molecular mass of 29723 da. a search in the swiss-prot database for sequence similarities revealed a ... | 1996 | 8665903 |
| identification of blda mutants of streptomyces griseus. | the blda gene (encoding trna(uua)leu) from streptomyces griseus (sg) was cloned by hybridization with blda from streptomyces coelicolor (sc). introduction of sg blda into sc blda mutants restored sporulation and actinorhodin production. sporulation of a subset of sg bald mutants, which produce no aerial mycelium or spores, was restored in the presence of blda from sc or sg. the nucleotide sequences of the blda alleles from two such bald mutants revealed point mutations in the anticodon stem and ... | 1996 | 8675034 |
| purification and characterization of rna polymerase holoenzyme (e sigma b) from vegetative-phase mycelia of streptomyces griseus. | rna polymerase was purified from vegetative-phase mycelia of streptomyces griseus by a series of ion-exchange chromatographies. by western blot analysis using antiserum against s. coelicolor hrdb, which is a principal sigma factor (sigma(hrdb)), the purified holoenzyme was found to contain sigmab (=sigma(hrdb)) of s. griseus. significant amounts of hrdb protein were, however, eluted from the deae column at lower concentrations of kcl than that required for for elution of the holoenzyme containin ... | 1995 | 8690706 |
| nucleotide sequence of a principal sigma factor gene (hrdb) of streptomyces griseus. | the hrdb homologue was isolated from a streptomycin-producing streptomyces griseus 2247 strain, which is independent of a-factor. the nucleotide sequence of the cloned dna fragment revealed the presence of an open reading frame (orf) of 1,542bp, which predicted a primary product of 514 amino acids and mr 56,100. the n-terminal sequence of the purified hrdb protein of s. griseus was identical to the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence. the deduced amino acid sequence contains ... | 1995 | 8690707 |
| a role for pabab, a p-aminobenzoate synthase gene of streptomyces venezuelae isp5230, in chloramphenicol biosynthesis. | mutagenesis of streptomyces venezuelae isp5230 and selection for p-aminobenzoic acid-dependent growth in the presence of sulfanilamide yielded pab mutants (vs519 and vs620) that continued to produce chloramphenicol (cm), although with increased medium dependence. transforming the mutants with pdq102 or pdq103, which carried a pab-complementing fragment from s. venezuelae isp5230 in alternative orientations, restored uniformly high cm production in vs620, but did not alter the medium dependence o ... | 1996 | 8704974 |
| characterization of the proteolytic activity of commercial proteases and strained ruminal fluid. | the objective of this research was to formulate a mixture of commercial proteases that would mimic the rate and extent of protein degradation obtained using strained ruminal fluid. the proteolytic activity of strained ruminal fluid and several commercial proteases was characterized using 13 l-amino acid p-nitroanilides as artificial substrates. a mixture of streptomyces griseus protease, chymotrypsin, and proteinase k at .042, 2.5, and .5 enzyme units/ml, respectively, was similar to the activit ... | 1996 | 8707728 |
| [proteolytic enzymes from streptomyces fradiae: a metalloendopeptidase, subtilisin-like, and trypsin-like proteinases]. | three proteolytic enzymes-the metalloproteinase, sfmp, and two serine proteinases, sfsp and sftp-have been isolated and purified from the culture fluid of streptomyces fradiae using chromatography on bacitracin-silochrome, bacitracin-sepharose, deae-cellulose and fractionation by ammonium sulfate. study of physico-chemical and functional properties of the enzymes and structural analysis revealed that sfmp is a cysteine-containing metalloendopeptidase with m(r) of 36 kda, has a peak activity for ... | 1996 | 8717499 |
| crystal structure of streptomyces erythraeus trypsin at 1.9 a resolution. | a trypsin-like serine protease from streptomyces erythraeus (abbreviated as set) has been crystallized at ph 7, which is within its active ph range. the crystal structure of set has been solved by molecular replacement using the atomic model of streptomyces griseus trypsin (sgt), which is 37% homologous with set, and refined to the crystallographic r factor of 0.199 for 15,878 reflections with fo/sigma(f) > 3 between 7 and 1.9 a resolution. the final model of set contains 1,619 protein atoms and ... | 1995 | 8749303 |
| a modular family 19 chitinase found in the prokaryotic organism streptomyces griseus hut 6037. | the specificity of chitinase c-1 of streptomyces griseus hut 6037 for the hydrolysis of the beta-1,4-glycosidic linkages in partially acetylated chitosan is different from that of other microbial chitinases. in order to study the primary structure of this unique chitinase, the chic gene specifying chitinase c-1 was cloned and its nucleotide sequence was determined. the gene encodes a polypeptide of 294 amino acids with a calculated size of 31.4 kda. comparison of the amino acid sequence of the d ... | 1996 | 8752320 |
| bald mutants of streptomyces griseus that prematurely undergo key events of sporulation. | to identify the structural defects of nonsporulating mutants of streptomyces griseus, the wild-type strain and class iii bald mutants were examined by using transmission electron microscopy, ultrasonic treatment, and fluorescence microscopy after the induction of submerged sporulation by phosphate starvation. in the wild-type strain, submerged sporulation was marked by the relatively synchronous formation of sporogenic hyphae, nucleoid segregation, deposition of sporulation septa, and subsequent ... | 1996 | 8755896 |
| evidence of a role for nad+-glycohydrolase and adp-ribosyltransferase in growth and differentiation of streptomyces griseus nrrl b-2682: inhibition by m-aminophenylboronic acid. | m-aminophenylboronic acid (apba) inhibited the germination, growth and sporulation of streptomyces griseus nrrl b-2682 in an age- and concentration-dependent manner in submerged and solid cultures. when added to cells or cell extracts it irreversibly inhibited nad+-glycohydrolase and adp-ribosyltransferase activity. adp-ribosyltransferase was more sensitive, but inhibition was not complete, even in the presence of 10 mm apba. the in vivo effects of the inhibitor correlated with its in vitro effe ... | 1996 | 8800814 |
| isolation and characterization of a gene encoding a chymotrypsin-like serine protease from streptomyces lividans 66. | a gene encoding a streptomyces lividans homologue of the chymotrypsin-like serine protease (sam-p20) of streptomyces albogriseolus was isolated using the streptomyces griseus prtb gene as a hybridization probe. nucleotide sequence analysis of a representative clone uncovered the possible presence of a sequence of 900 nucleotides encoding 300 amino acids, including a putative "prepro" region of 115 amino acids. alignment of the predicted amino acid sequence of this putative gene with other member ... | 1996 | 8868236 |
| structure-activity relationships in a series of substituted indolocarbazoles: topoisomerase i and protein kinase c inhibition and antitumoral and antimicrobial properties. | a series of compounds structurally related to staurosporine, rebeccamycin, and corresponding aglycones was synthesized, and their activities toward protein kinase c and topoisomerases i and ii were tested together with their in vitro antitumor efficiency against murine b16 melanoma and p388 leukemia cells. their antimicrobial activities were also examined against a gram-negative bacterium (escherichia coli), a yeast (candida albicans), and three gram-positive bacteria (bacillus cereus, streptomy ... | 1996 | 8893841 |
| inhibition of microbial growth by ajoene, a sulfur-containing compound derived from garlic. | ajoene, a garlic-derived sulfur-containing compound that prevents platelet aggregation, exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. growth of gram-positive bacteria, such as bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis, mycobacterium smegmatis, and streptomyces griseus, was inhibited at 5 micrograms of ajoene per ml. staphylococcus aureus and lactobacillus plantarum also were inhibited below 20 micrograms of ajoene per ml. for gram-negative bacteria, such as escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, a ... | 1996 | 8900018 |
| unique isozymes of superoxide dismutase in streptomyces griseus. | two unique isozymes of superoxide dismutase (ec 1.15.1.1) were purified to apparent homogeneity from streptomyces griseus by a purification procedure consisting of ammonium sulfate precipitation and chromatographies on deae sephacel, sephacryl s-200, and deae 5pw. superoxide dismutase i was composed of four identical subunits of 13.0 kda. the absorption spectrum of superoxide dismutase i exhibited absorption bands at 276 and 378 nm and a broad shoulder at 530 nm. the g values of electron paramag ... | 1996 | 8900409 |
| on the bioactive conformation of a small peptide and its set of thermodynamically accessible conformations. | in order to investigate the relationship between the bioactive conformation of a peptide and its set of thermodynamically accessible structures in solution, the conformational profile of the tetrapeptide ac-pro-ala-pro-tyr-oh was characterized by computational methods. search of the conformational space was performed within the molecular mechanics frame-work using the amber4.0 force field with an effective dielectric constant of 80. unique structures of the peptide were compared with its bioacti ... | 1996 | 8913854 |
| activation and analysis of cryptic crt genes for carotenoid biosynthesis from streptomyces griseus. | genes encoding enzymes with sequence similarity to carotenoid biosynthetic enzymes of other organisms were cloned from streptomyces griseus ja3933 and transformed into the colourless (non-daunorubicin producing) mutant streptomyces griseus imet ja3933/956/2. cells harbouring these genes showed an orange-red pigmentation, caused by the strongly hydrophobic, membrane-bound lycopene. the cloned fragment (9 kb) contained seven genes, four transcribed in one direction (crteibv) and three (crtytu) tra ... | 1996 | 8917308 |
| characterization of the s1 binding site of the glutamic acid-specific protease from streptomyces griseus. | the glutamic acid-specific protease from streptomyces griseus (sgpe) is an 18.4-kda serine protease with a distinct preference for glu in the p1 position. other enzymes characterized by a strong preference for negatively charged residues in the p1 position, e.g., interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme (ice), use arg or lys residues as counterions within the s1 binding site. however, in sgpe, this function is contributed by a his residue (his 213) and two ser residues (ser 192 and s216). it is demo ... | 1996 | 8931145 |
| construction of new cloning vectors for brevibacterium lactofermentum. | two plasmid cloning vectors (pulmj55 and pulmj95) were constructed for brevibacterium lactofermentum using the origin of replication of the endogenous plasmid pbl1. plasmid pulmj55 is a replacement vector with transcriptional terminators from the b. lactofermentum trp operon flanking the bglii cloning sites. religation of the bglii digested vector without insert creates a 376 bp perfect palindrome that is not tolerated in b. lactofermentum, giving positive selection for recombinant plasmids with ... | 1996 | 8935658 |
| bodipy-alpha-casein, a ph-independent protein substrate for protease assays using fluorescence polarization. | bodipy-alpha-casein is a new fluorescent protein substrate designed for fluorescence polarization studies to measure proteolytic activity at any ph over the range from ph 2 to 11. kinetic protease assays in real-time were performed in 1 to 5 min using an fpm-1 fluorescence polarization instrument. a purified enzyme or bacterial culture was mixed with the bodipy-alpha-casein in a buffer of an appropriate ph and the decrease in fluorescence polarization was automatically recorded at 0.5-min interv ... | 1996 | 8954519 |
| induction of actinorhodin production by rpsl (encoding ribosomal protein s12) mutations that confer streptomycin resistance in streptomyces lividans and streptomyces coelicolor a3(2). | a strain of streptomyces lividans, tk24, was found to produce a pigmented antibiotic, actinorhodin, although s. lividans normally does not produce this antibiotic. genetic analyses revealed that a streptomycin-resistant mutation str-6 in strain tk24 is responsible for induction of antibiotic synthesis. dna sequencing showed that str-6 is a point mutation in the rpsl gene encoding ribosomal protein s12, changing lys-88 to glu. gene replacement experiments with the lys88-->glu str allele demonstra ... | 1996 | 8955413 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of the obg gene of streptomyces griseus in relation to the onset of morphological differentiation. | morphological differentiation in microorganisms is usually accompanied by a decrease in intracellular gtp pool size, as has been demonstrated in bacillaceae, streptomycetaceae, and yeasts. the obg gene, which codes for a gtp-binding protein belonging to the gtpase superfamily of proteins, was cloned from streptomyces griseus ifo13189. the gene is located just downstream of the genes for ribosomal proteins l21 and l27, encoded a protein of 478 amino acids (51 kda), and possessed three consensus m ... | 1997 | 8981995 |
| chitinous component of the cell wall of fusarium oxysporum, its structure deduced from chitosanase digestion. | the cell of fusarium oxysporum was digested with commercial bacillus chitosanase. the chitosanase produced low molecular weight heterooligosaccharides consisting of glcn and glcnac from the cell wall. a main component of the digestion products was identified as 2-amino-2-deoxy-beta-d-glucopyranosyl- (1-->4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranose. the chitosanase appeared to be more effective than streptomyces griseus chitinase for cell wall digestion. moreover, maltose was unexpectedly found in the ... | 1996 | 8987672 |
| chromosomal deletions in streptomyces griseus that remove the afsa locus. | we have recently constructed a physical map of the streptomyces griseus 2247 genome using the restriction enzymes asei and drai, which revealed that this strain carries a 7.8 mb linear chromosome. based on this map, precise macrorestriction fragment and cosmid maps were constructed for both ends of the chromosome, which localized the afsa gene 150 kb from the left end. two afsa- mutants were found to have suffered chromosomal deletions that removed the afsa locus. the sizes of the deletions were ... | 1997 | 9037108 |
| binding of amino acid side-chains to s1 cavities of serine proteinases. | the p1 or primary specificity residue of standard mechanism canonical protein inhibitors of serine proteinases, inserts into the s1 primary specificity cavity of the cognate enzyme upon enzyme-inhibitor complex formation. both natural evolution and protein engineering often change the p1 residue to greatly alter the specificity and the binding strength. to systematize such results we have obtained all 20 coded p1 variants of one such inhibitor, turkey ovomucoid third domain, by recombinant dna t ... | 1997 | 9047374 |
| streptomyces griseus aminopeptidase: x-ray crystallographic structure at 1.75 a resolution. | the x-ray crystal structure of the enzyme streptomyces griseus aminopeptidase (sgap) has been determined in its double zinc form to 1.75 a resolution, in its apo-enzyme from (zinc removed) to 2.1 a resolution, and as a mercury replaced derivative to 2.1 a resolution. the structure solution was achieved by single isomorphous replacement with phasing from anomalous scattering (siras), followed by density modification with histogram matching. the protein consists of a central beta-sheet made up of ... | 1997 | 9048953 |
| redesigning the substrate specificity of the hepatitis c virus ns3 protease. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) non-structural protein 3 (ns3) encodes a trypsin-like serine protease that catalyzes the cleavages at the ns3/ns4a, ns4a/ns4b, ns4b/ns5a and ns5a/ns5b junctions in the viral polyprotein and that shows a preference for a cysteine as the p1 residue. | 1996 | 9079362 |
| molecular detection of streptomycin-producing streptomycetes in brazilian soils. | actinomycetes were isolated from soybean rhizosphere soil collected as two field sites in brazil. all the isolates were identified as streptomyces species and were screened for streptomycin production and the presence of two genes, stra and strb1, known to be involved in streptomycin biosynthesis in streptomyces griseus. antibiotic resistance profiles were determined for 53 isolates from cultivated and uncultivated sites, and approximately half the strains were streptomycin resistance. clusterin ... | 1997 | 9097426 |
| a mutation at proline-115 in the a-factor receptor protein of streptomyces griseus abolishes dna-binding ability but not ligand-binding ability. | a-factor (2-isocapryloyl-3r-hydroxymethyl-gamma-butyrolactone) and its specific receptor protein (arpa) are required for streptomycin production and aerial mycelium formation in streptomyces griseus. a mutant strain ho1 that produced streptomycin and formed aerial mycelium and spores was derived from an a-factor-deficient mutant, s. griseus hh1. the phenotypes of mutant ho1 were found to result from a single amino acid replacement of arpa; the proline residue at position 115 in the wild-type arp ... | 1997 | 9098075 |
| interaction of proteases with legume seed inhibitors. molecular features. | after having found that raw black beans (phaseolus vulgaris) were toxic, while the cooked ones constitute the basic diet of the underdeveloped peoples of the world, in the sixties, our research directed by dr. jaffé, concentrated mainly around the detection and identification of the heat labile toxic factors in legume seeds. a micromethod for the detection of protease inhibitors (pi) in individual seeds was developed, for the purpose of establishing that the multiple trypsin inhibitors (ti) foun ... | 1996 | 9137634 |
| properties of c-terminal truncated derivatives of the activator, strr, of the streptomycin biosynthesis in streptomyces griseus. | the strr protein is a dna-binding protein activating the transcription of streptomycin biosynthesis of streptomyces griseus n2-3-11 and streptomyces glaucescens. a putative helix-turn-helix motif located between amino acid positions 207 and 227 of the strr protein was identified as a prerequisite for its dna-binding properties. although, c-terminal truncated strr proteins were able to interact with strr-binding sites, they failed to activate transcription from the strr-dependent promotor strb1p. ... | 1997 | 9141668 |
| expression analysis of the ssga gene product, associated with sporulation and cell division in streptomyces griseus. | the ssga gene of streptomyces griseus b2682, when present in high copy number, results in both suppression of sporulation and fragmented growth of mycelia. western analysis with polyclonal antibodies against the gene product (ssga) revealed a close correlation between ssga accumulation and the onset of sporulation in wild-type cells. the protein was only detected in the cytoplasm. certain developmental mutants of s. griseus (afs, reic and brga) which are defective in aerial mycelium formation in ... | 1997 | 9141673 |
| rapid identification of clinically significant species and taxa of aerobic actinomycetes, including actinomadura, gordona, nocardia, rhodococcus, streptomyces, and tsukamurella isolates, by dna amplification and restriction endonuclease analysis. | a previously described pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) identification schema for nocardia that used an amplified 439-bp segment (amplicon) of the 65-kda heat shock protein gene was evaluated for potential use with isolates of all clinically significant aerobic actinomycetes. the study included 28 reference (american type culture collection) strains and 198 clinical isolates belonging to 20 taxonomic groups. of these 198 isolates, 188 could be differentiated by this pcr-rflp m ... | 1997 | 9157134 |
| redesigning the substrate specificity of the hepatitis c virus ns3 protease. | backgound. hepatitis c virus (hcv) non-structural protein 3 (ns3) encodes a trypsin-like serine protease that catalyzes the cleavages at the ns3/ns4a, ns4a/ns4b, ns4b/ns5a and ns5a/ns5b junctions in the viral polyprotein and that shows a preference for a cysteine as the p1 residue. results. we describe here a partial model of the hcv ns3 protease which allowed us to predict the position of the secondary structure elements of the enzyme and of the residues involved in its specificity. by replacin ... | 1995 | 9162139 |
| phenotypic heterogeneity of the progeny of streptomyces griseus conidia. | in order to understand the complex ontogenetical processes, the development of streptomyces (s.) griseus was applied as a model. the developmental cycle of s. griseus starts and ends as a conidium. in between, coenocytic mycelium develops which, if studied by cytomorphological or biochemical methods, exhibits conspicious heterogeneity. the hyphae develop into young, transient and old vegetative hyphae and different stages of reproductive forms. in developmentally blocked mutants these sequences ... | 1997 | 9199700 |
| dna-binding activity of the a-factor receptor protein and its recognition dna sequences. | the a-factor receptor protein (arpa) containing an alpha-helix-turn-alpha-helix dna-binding consensus sequence at its n-terminal portion plays a key role in the regulation of secondary metabolism and cell differentiation in streptomyces griseus. a binding site forming a palindrome 24bp in length was initially recovered from a pool of random-sequence oligonucleotides by rounds of a binding/immunoprecipitation/amplification procedure with histidine-tagged arpa and anti-arpa antibody. by means of f ... | 1997 | 9220006 |
| identification of stsc, the gene encoding the l-glutamine:scyllo-inosose aminotransferase from streptomycin-producing streptomycetes. | eight new genes, stro-stsabcdefg, were identified by sequencing dna in the gene cluster that encodes proteins for streptomycin production of streptomyces griseus n2-3-11. the stsa (calculated molecular mass 43.5 kda) and stsc (45.5 kda) proteins - together with another gene product, strs (39.8 kda), encoded in another operon of the same gene cluster - show significant sequence identity and are members of a new class of pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferases that have been observed mainl ... | 1997 | 9238101 |
| amy as a reporter gene for promoter activity in nocardia lactamdurans: comparison of promoters of the cephamycin cluster. | promoter probe vectors containing the pa origin of replication and the streptomyces griseus promoterless amy gene (encoding alpha-amylase) as reporter have been constructed to study transcription initiation regions in nocardia lactamdurans. in some of the promoter probe vectors the phage fd terminator has been introduced to avoid readthrough expression from upstream sequences. by using these vectors, four different transcription initiation regions of the cephamycin gene cluster have been studied ... | 1997 | 9251185 |
| cloning and characterization of the gene (fara) encoding the receptor for an extracellular regulatory factor (im-2) from streptomyces sp. strain fri-5. | im-2 is a butyrolactone autoregulator that controls production of blue pigment and nucleoside antibiotics in streptomyces sp. strain fri-5. an im-2-specific receptor gene, fara, was cloned from strain fri-5, and nucleotide sequencing revealed that the fara gene consists of 666 bp encoding a 221-amino-acid protein of 24.3 kda with an nh2-terminal amino acid sequence identical to that of purified native receptor. another gene, farx, encoding a homolog of afsa of streptomyces griseus, was present u ... | 1997 | 9260956 |
| in vitro determination of ruminal protein degradability of alfalfa and prairie hay via a commercial protease in the presence or absence of cellulase or driselase. | ruminal protein degradation of alfalfa (2.62% n, 49.6% ndf, and in vivo undegradable intake protein [uip] = 16.4% of cp) and prairie hay (.88% n, 69.4% ndf, and in vivo uip = 44.5% of cp) was estimated using the streptomyces griseus protease (sgp) in vitro method with or without pretreatment with two carbohydrases: cellulase from penicillium funiculosum or driselase from basidiomycetes. driselase is a broad-spectrum carbohydrase. incubating forage samples for 48 h with cellulase or driselase at ... | 1997 | 9263071 |
| sulfated lipids as inhibitors of pancreatic trypsin and chymotrypsin in epithelium of the mammalian digestive tract. | cholesterol sulfate and i3so3-galcer, which were commonly contained in the epithelia of mammalian digestive tracts, were found to inhibit the activities of typical digestive enzymes, pancreatic trypsin and chymotrypsin, but steroid sulfates, gangliosides and the other membrane constituents did not show any inhibitory activity. the preincubation of trypsin with i3so3-galcer at 37 degrees c for 10min was necessary to inhibit the activity of trypsin, but cholesterol sulfate showed its inhibitory ac ... | 1997 | 9268697 |
| a streptomyces griseus gene (sgaa) suppresses the growth disturbance caused by high osmolality and a high concentration of a-factor during early growth. | a-factor (2-isocapryloyl-3r-hydroxymethyl-gamma-butyrolactone), produced in a growth-dependent manner, switches on secondary metabolite formation and morphological differentiation in streptomyces griseus, presumably by binding to the a-factor receptor protein (arpa)-dna complex and releasing the repression caused by arpa. in the a-factor-deficient mutant strain s. griseus hh1 a large deletion includes afsa which is required for a-factor production. growth and aerial mycelium formation of strain ... | 1997 | 9274024 |
| a crtb homolog essential for photochromogenicity in mycobacterium marinum: isolation, characterization, and gene disruption via homologous recombination. | a gene essential for light-induced pigment production was isolated from the photochromogen mycobacterium marinum by heterologous complementation of an m. marinum cosmid library in the nonchromogen mycobacterium smegmatis. this gene is part of an operon and homologous to the streptomyces griseus and myxococcus xanthus crtb genes encoding phytoene synthase. gene replacement at this locus was achieved via homologous recombination, demonstrating that its expression is essential for photochromogenici ... | 1997 | 9294446 |
| molecular analysis of the ribosomal l11 protein gene (rplk = relc) of streptomyces griseus and identification of a deletion allele. | the rplk (= relc) gene, which codes for ribosomal protein l11, was cloned from streptomyces griseus ifo13189 using a screening procedure based on polymerase chain reaction amplification of a gene segment that subsequently allowed the isolation of the complete gene from a gene library. rplk lies between the nusg gene, encoding a protein involved in antitermination of transcription, and the rpla gene, which encodes the ribosomal protein l1. comparison of the rplk gene sequences of the wild-type st ... | 1997 | 9323358 |
| protein secretion in streptomyces griseus n2-3-11: characterization of the seca gene and its growth phase-dependent expression. | the chromosomal region encoding the seca gene of streptomyces griseus n2-3-11 was cloned and analyzed. the seca gene encodes a polypeptide of 939 aa with a molecular mass of 105 kda. the growth defect of temperature sensitive escherichia coli seca mutants was not restored by the s. griseus seca. the seca promoter was analyzed and the transcriptional start point of the gene was determined. northern blot and western blot analyses revealed a growth phase dependent seca expression. the integration o ... | 1997 | 9368356 |
| butyrolactone autoregulator receptor protein (bara) as a transcriptional regulator in streptomyces virginiae. | bara of streptomyces virginiae is a specific receptor protein for virginiae butanolides (vbs), a member of the butyrolactone autoregulators of streptomyces species. sequencing around the bara gene revealed two novel open reading frames: one upstream, barx, encoding a homolog of afsa of streptomyces griseus and another downstream, barb. northern (rna) blot analysis for s. virginiae demonstrated that the addition of vb during cultivation switched on the expression of barb. an in vivo expression sy ... | 1997 | 9371444 |
| resynthesis of reactive site peptide bond and temporary inhibition of streptomyces metalloproteinase inhibitor. | streptomyces metalloproteinase inhibitor (smpi) is a small proteinaceous inhibitor which inhibits metalloproteinases such as thermolysin (ki =1.14 x 10(-10) m). when incubated with the enzyme, it is gradually hydrolyzed at the cys64-val65 peptide bond, which was identified as the reactive site by mutational analysis. to achieve a further understanding of the inhibition mechanism, we attempted to resynthesize the cleaved reactive site by using the enzyme catalytic action. the native inhibitor was ... | 1997 | 9399583 |
| involvement of afsa in a-factor biosynthesis as a key enzyme. | the afsa gene of streptomyces griseus has been postulated to encode a key enzyme for a-factor biosynthesis from primary metabolites commonly present in streptomyces strains. escherichia coli cells harboring afsa under the control of the t7 promoter specified distinct a-factor activity in the culture broth, as determined by induction of streptomycin production and aerial mycelium and spore formation in an a-factor-deficient s. griseus mutant strain. production of the substance(s) having a-factor ... | 1997 | 9402990 |
| amino acid sequence homology of factor c produced by streptomyces griseus with regulatory proteins of zinc finger type. | factor c is a regulatory protein produced by streptomyces griseus 45h. factor c-like antigen can be detected in the most diverse species examined. it is also present in human serum with an average of 219.4 u/ml of narrow dispersion. the level of factor c-like antigen shows an increase in the sera of patients with different hepatic disorders (341 u/ml), some values being 3-7 times higher than normal (600-1500 u/ml). correlation was found between the elevated antigen levels and the amount of the b ... | 1997 | 9406606 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray studies of two serine proteinase inhibitors, bgia and bgit, from the seeds of bitter gourd. | two serine proteinase inhibitors from seeds of the bitter gourd, bgia (bitter gourd inhibitor against acidic amino acid-specific proteinase of streptomyces griseus) and bgit (bitter gourd trypsin inhibitor), were crystallized for x-ray structure determination. crystals of bgia belong to the monoclinic space group c2 with cell dimensions of a = 54.0 a, b = 23.7 a, c = 47.9 a, and beta = 105.4 degrees, and diffracted x-ray up to 1.5 a resolution. crystals of bgit belong to the triclinic space grou ... | 1997 | 9417986 |
| in vitro protein phosphorylation associated with cellular differentiation of streptomyces griseus. | in vitro phosphorylation reactions with crude cellular extracts revealed that phosphorylation of a 17-kda protein is associated with the onset of aerial mycelium formation in solid culture (but not submerged spore formation in liquid culture) of streptomyces griseus. the possible importance of the 17-kda protein phosphorylation in cellular differentiation was further indicated by inducing aerial mycelium formation in the presence of decoyinine and in studies using certain developmental mutants ( ... | 1998 | 9446689 |
| microbial models of soil metabolism: biotransformations of danofloxacin. | danofloxacin is a new synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent under development for exclusive use in veterinary medicine. such use could lead to deposition of low levels of danofloxacin residues in the environment in manure from treated livestock. this study was conducted to evaluate the potential for indigenous soil microorganisms to metabolize danofloxacin. cultures of 72 soil microorganisms representing a diverse panel of bacteria, fungi and yeast were incubated with danofloxacin mesyla ... | 1997 | 9451835 |
| cloning and transcriptional analysis of the rplka-or f31-rpljl gene cluster of streptomyces griseus. | a 5018-bp dna fragment of the rpl/rpo bc gene cluster (here called the rif cluster) of streptomyces griseus n2-3-11 was analysed by dna sequencing and transcription studies. by sequence comparison of the deduced proteins, five genes and part of an open reading frame (orf) were identified. the genes encoding the ribosomal (r-) proteins l1 (rpla), l7/12 (rplj), l10 (rplk) and l11 (rpll), a protein of known function (orf31), and the n-terminus of the beta subunit of rna polymerase (rpob), are organ ... | 1998 | 9491081 |
| properties of the proteolytically generated catalytic domain (42 kda kinase) of epidermal growth factor receptor: comparison with holoenzyme. | treatment of a431 cell membranes with trypsin or streptomyces griseus proteinase results in degradation of the egf-r and the concomitant generation of an active kinase with a molecular mass of 42 kda (42 kda kinase). to investigate the biochemical properties of the 42 kda kinase, the egf-r was immunoaffinity-purified from the a431 cell membranes and the kinase proteolytically generated. the proteolysis of egf-r changes both the vmax and the michaelis constants of substrates. these substrates det ... | 1998 | 9538218 |
| visualization of penicillin-binding proteins during sporulation of streptomyces griseus. | we used fluorescein-tagged beta-lactam antibiotics to visualize penicillin-binding proteins (pbps) in sporulating cultures of streptomyces griseus. six pbps were identified in membranes prepared from growing and sporulating cultures. the binding activity of an 85-kda pbp increased fourfold by 10 to 12 h of sporulation, at which time the sporulation septa were formed. cefoxitin inhibited the interaction of the fluorescein-tagged antibiotics with the 85-kda pbp and also prevented septum formation ... | 1998 | 9555895 |
| a 7.6kb dna region from streptomyces kasugaensis m338-m1 includes some genes responsible for kasugamycin biosynthesis. | a 7.6kb psti-kpni dna fragment including a sequence highly similar to kasugamycin acetyltransferase gene (kac) was isolated from streptomyces kasugaensis m338-m1 and sequenced. nine open reading frames (orfs), designated as orf a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h and i, were recognized in this region, although orf a was incomplete. orf g runs in the opposite direction to the others. the amino acid sequence deduced from orf h showed 98% similarity to that of the kasugamycin acetyltransferase from s. kasugaens ... | 1998 | 9589071 |
| molecular and immunological analyses of the mycobacterium avium homolog of the immunodominant mycobacterium leprae 35-kilodalton protein. | the analysis of host immunity to mycobacteria and the development of discriminatory diagnostic reagents relies on the characterization of conserved and species-specific mycobacterial antigens. in this report, we have characterized the mycobacterium avium homolog of the highly immunogenic m. leprae 35-kda protein. the genes encoding these two proteins were well conserved, having 82% dna identity and 90% identity at the amino acid level. moreover both proteins, purified from the fast-growing host ... | 1998 | 9596734 |
| streptomyces griseus protease b: secretion correlates with the length of the propeptide. | streptomyces griseus protease b, a member of the chymotrypsin superfamily, is encoded by a gene that express a pre-pro-mature protein. during secretion the precursor protein is processed into a mature, fully folded protease. in this study, we constructed a family of genes which encode deletions at the amino-terminal end of the propeptide. the secretion of active protease b was seen to decrease in an exponential manner according to the length of the deletion. the results underscore the intimate r ... | 1998 | 9620979 |
| enzymatic peptide synthesis with p-guanidinophenyl and p-(guanidinomethyl)phenyl esters as acyl donors. | two series of "inverse substrates", n-boc-amino acid p-guanidinophenyl and p-(guanidinomethyl)phenyl esters, were prepared as acyl donor components for enzymatic peptide synthesis. the kinetic behavior of these esters toward bovine and streptomyces griseus (sg) trypsin was analyzed. the spatial requirement of the active site of these enzymes for catalytic efficiency is discussed based on the steric characteristics of the substrates. these substrates were found to couple readily with amino acid p ... | 1998 | 9621419 |
| secretion of elastinolytic enzymes and their propeptides by pseudomonas aeruginosa. | elastase of pseudomonas aeruginosa is synthesized as a preproenzyme. the signal sequence is cleaved off during transport across the inner membrane and, in the periplasm, proelastase is further processed. we demonstrate that the propeptide and the mature elastase are both secreted but that the propeptide is degraded extracellularly. in addition, reduction of the extracellular proteolytic activity led to the accumulation of unprocessed forms of lasa and lasd in the extracellular medium, which show ... | 1998 | 9642203 |
| involvement of two a-factor receptor homologues in streptomyces coelicolor a3(2) in the regulation of secondary metabolism and morphogenesis. | nucleotide sequences homologous to arpa encoding the a-factor receptor protein (arpa) of streptomyces griseus are distributed in a wide variety of streptomycetes. two genes, cpra and cprb, each encoding an arpa-like protein were found and cloned from streptomyces coelicolor a3(2). cpra and cprb shared 90.7% identity in amino acid sequence and both showed about 35% identity to arpa. disruption of cpra by use of an m13 phage-derived single-stranded vector resulted in severe reduction of actinorhod ... | 1998 | 9643542 |
| membrane-bound and extracellular beta-lactamase production with developmental regulation in streptomyces griseus nrrl b-2682. | a new type of beta-lactamase has been isolated and characterized in streptomyces griseus nrrl b-2682. the enzyme has membrane-bound and extracellular forms. biochemical characterization of some of the properties of the enzyme showed that it belongs to the class a group of penicillinases. comparison of the membrane-bound and extracellular forms of the beta-lactamases suggests that they seem to be differently processed forms of the same enzyme. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the extracellul ... | 1998 | 9720038 |
| primary structure of streptomyces griseus metalloendopeptidase ii. | streptomyces griseus metalloendopeptidase ii (sgmpii) is a unique protease, since it shows anomalous susceptibility to the proteinaceous "serine protease inhibitors" produced by streptomyces, such as streptomyces subtilisin inhibitor (ssi) and its homologous proteins. in this study, we analyzed the amino acid sequence of sgmpii by analyzing various peptide fragments produced enzymatically. the sequence of sgmpii, which is composed of 334 amino acids, showed no extensive similarity to ssi-insensi ... | 1998 | 9720222 |
| comparative ribosomal protein (l11 and l30) sequence analyses of several streptomyces spp. commonly used in genetic studies. | the taxonomic relationships among nine strains of streptomyces, which have been commonly used for genetic studies, were examined by sequence analysis of their ribosomal l11(= rplk) protein genes. phylogenetic relationships among these organisms derived from similarity sequence analysis of the rplk genes were in good agreement with those derived from the analysis of the deduced l11 protein amino acid sequence itself, indicating complete sequence homology among streptomyces coelicolor a3(2), 'stre ... | 1998 | 9731302 |
| characterization of an a-factor-responsive repressor for amfr essential for onset of aerial mycelium formation in streptomyces griseus. | a-factor (2-isocapryloyl-3r-hydroxymethyl-gamma-butyrolactone) is essential for the initiation of aerial mycelium formation in streptomyces griseus. amfr is one of the genes which, when cloned on a low-copy-number plasmid, suppresses the aerial mycelium-negative phenotype of an a-factor-deficient mutant of s. griseus. disruption of the chromosomal amfr gene resulted in complete abolition of aerial mycelium formation, indicating that amfr is essential for the onset of morphogenesis. cloning and n ... | 1998 | 9748440 |
| the novel enzymatic 3''-n-acetylation of arbekacin by an aminoglycoside 3-n-acetyltransferase of streptomyces origin and the resulting activity. | kanamycin group antibiotics were subjected to enzymatic acetylation by a cell free extract containing an aminoglycoside 3-n-acetyltransferase, aac(3)-x, derived from streptomyces griseus ss-1198pr. characterization of the incubated reaction mixtures by tlc and antibiotic assay revealed that a product retaining activity was specifically formed from arbekacin, an anti-mrsa semisynthetic aminoglycoside. the structural determination demonstrated that acetylation occurred at the 3"-amino group in arb ... | 1998 | 9766465 |
| site-directed mutagenesis of the a-factor receptor protein: val-41 important for dna-binding and trp-119 important for ligand-binding. | the a-factor receptor protein (arpa) plays a key role in the regulation of secondary metabolism and cellular differentiation in streptomyces griseus. arpa binds the target dna site forming a 22 bp palindrome in the absence of a-factor, and exogenous addition of a-factor to the arpa-dna complex immediately releases arpa from the dna. an amino acid (aa) replacement at val-41 to ala in an alpha-helix-turn-alpha-helix (hth) motif at the n-terminal portion of arpa abolished dna-binding activity but n ... | 1998 | 9813285 |
| biochemical characterization of the seca protein of streptomyces lividans--interaction with nucleotides, binding to membrane vesicles and in vitro translocation of proamy protein. | the seca protein of streptomyces lividans was purified to near electrophoretic homogeneity by means of fplc from an overproducing strain harbouring plasmid pula400, in which the seca gene (blanco, j., coque, j. j. r. & martín, j. f. (1996) gene (amst.) 176, 61-65) was expressed from the strong promoter of the streptomyces griseus saf gene. the native form of seca was shown to be a dimer (mr 209 kda) by gel filtration. it crossreacted with antibodies raised against escherichia coli or bacillus su ... | 1998 | 9826195 |
| the mitochondrial toxin produced by streptomyces griseus strains isolated from an indoor environment is valinomycin. | actinomycete isolates from indoor air and dust in water-damaged schools and children's day care centers were tested for toxicity by using boar spermatozoa as an indicator. toxicity was detected in extracts of four strains which caused a loss of sperm motility, and the 50% effective concentrations (ec50) were 10 to 63 ng (dry weight) ml of extended boar semen-1. the four strains were identified as streptomyces griseus strains by 16s ribosomal dna and chemotaxonomic methods. the four s. griseus st ... | 1998 | 9835560 |
| hydrocarbon uptake by streptomyces. | oligocarbophilic streptomyces strains capable of hydrocarbon uptake and utilization were isolated from the polluted desert of kuwait and used in this study. transmission electron-microscopy of hyphae revealed that they become enriched with large less electron dense areas in the cytoplasm, when biomass samples were incubated with alkanes. the streptomyces isolate could utilize n-hexadecane as sole carbon and energy source and their fatty acid content showed an increase in the fatty acids with cha ... | 1998 | 9851038 |
| inhibition of streptomyces griseus aminopeptidase and effects of calcium ions on catalysis and binding--comparisons with the homologous enzyme aeromonas proteolytica aminopeptidase. | streptomyces griseus aminopeptidase is a zinc metalloenzyme containing 2 mol zinc/mol protein, similar to the homologous enzyme aeromonas proteolytica aminopeptidase. in addition, a unique ca2+-binding site has been identified in the streptomyces enzyme, which is absent in the aeromonas enzyme. binding of ca2+ enhances stability of the streptomyces enzyme and modulates its activity and affinity towards substrates and inhibitors in a structure-dependent manner. among the three hydrophobic 4-nitro ... | 1998 | 9874195 |
| computational analysis of the binding of p1 variants of domain 3 of turkey ovomucoid inhibitor to streptomyces griseus protease b. | binding constants for complexes of variants of the ovomucoid inhibitor domain 3 from turkey (omtky3) and streptomyces griseus protease b (sgpb) have been computed. on the basis of the crystallographically determined structures of the complexes, continuum electrostatic calculations have been carried out to evaluate the electrostatic contribution to the binding energy. the hydrophobic component was computed based on the change in the solvent accessible surface area on complex formation. these two ... | 1998 | 9878379 |
| site-directed mutagenesis of predicted active site residues in glutamate carboxypeptidase ii. | glutamate carboxypeptidase ii (gcp ii) catalyzes the extracellular hydrolysis of the neuromodulator n-acetyl-aspartylglutamate to n-acetyl-aspartate and glutamate. gcp ii also hydrolyzes gamma-glutamyl bonds in folylpolyglutamate. the predicted amino acid sequence of gcp ii displays similarities to aminopeptidases from streptomyces griseus and vibrio proteolyticus, whose crystal structures have been determined. these aminopeptidases are cocatalytic zinc metallopeptidases belonging to the peptida ... | 1999 | 9882712 |
| factumycin and its new derivative rk-1009 enhance threonine-phosphorylation of a 60-kda protein in streptomyces griseus. | 1998 | 9917012 | |
| crystal structure of l-arginine:inosamine-phosphate amidinotransferase strb1 from streptomyces griseus: an enzyme involved in streptomycin biosynthesis. | inosamine-phosphate amidinotransferases catalyze two nonconsecutive transamidination reactions in the biosynthesis of the streptomycin family of antibiotics. l-arginine:inosamine-phosphate amidinotransferase strb1 from streptomyces griseus (strb1) was cloned as an n-terminal hexa-histidine fusion protein, purified by affinity chromatography, and crystallized, and its crystal structure was solved by patterson search methods at 3.1 a resolution. the structure is composed of five betabeta alphabeta ... | 1998 | 9922132 |
| high performance in refolding of streptomyces griseus trypsin by the aid of a mutant of streptomyces subtilisin inhibitor designed as trypsin inhibitor. | refolding of reduced and denatured streptomyces griseus trypsin (sgt) was investigated. in the standard buffer of 50 mm tris-hcl, the refolding yield of 1 microg/ml of sgt did not exceed 15%. this low yield was assumed to be due mainly to autoproteolysis and/or aggregation occurring concurrently with refolding. on the basis of this assumption, sgt was immobilized on agarose gel in order to suppress such intermolecular interactions, and various refolding media were examined for their ability to m ... | 1999 | 9990132 |
| the strq protein encoded in the gene cluster for 5'-hydroxystreptomycin of streptomyces glaucescens gla.0 is a alpha-d-glucose-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase (cdp-d-glucose synthase). | the gene strq was identified as the last gene of a putative transcription unit, strb1fghpq, located in the gene cluster for the production of 5'-hydroxy-streptomycin (oh-sm) in streptomyces glaucescens gla.0. [in contrast, the corresponding operon in the str/sts-gene cluster of the sm-producer streptomyces griseus, strb1fghik, differs in the two distal genes; mansouri, k. & piepersberg, w. (1991) mol. gen. genet. 228, 459-469]. the deduced strq protein exhibited similarities to members of the en ... | 1998 | 9990325 |
| degradability of forage proteins by in situ and in vitro enzymatic methods. | the overall objective of these two studies was to evaluate the efficacy of using the proteolytic enzyme from streptomyces griseus to estimate concentrations of ruminally degradable protein (rdp) in a wide array of forages. in the first study, alfalfa and prairie hays that previously had been evaluated in vivo for rdp were incubated in a replicated 3 x 3 factorial combination of enzyme concentrations (6.6, 0.66, and 0.066 activity units/ml of incubation medium) and incubation times (2, 4, and 48 ... | 1999 | 10068956 |
| purification and characterization of a keratinolytic serine proteinase from streptomyces albidoflavus. | streptomyces strain k1-02, which was identified as a strain of streptomyces albidoflavus, secreted at least six extracellular proteases when it was cultured on feather meal-based medium. the major keratinolytic serine proteinase was purified to homogeneity by a two-step procedure. this enzyme had a molecular weight of 18,000 and was optimally active at ph values ranging from 6 to 9.5 and at temperatures ranging from 40 to 70 degrees c. its sensitivity to protease inhibitors, its specificity on s ... | 1999 | 10347045 |
| high-multiplicity of chitinase genes in streptomyces coelicolor a3(2). | six different genes for chitinase from ordered cosmids of the chromosome of streptomyces coelicolor a3(2) were identified by hybridization, using the chitinase genes from other streptomyces spp. as probes, and cloned. the genes were sequenced and analyzed. the genes, together with an additional chitinase gene obtained from the data bank, can be classified into either family 18 or family 19 of the glycosyl hydrolase classification. the five chitinases that fall into family 18 show diversity in th ... | 1999 | 10361684 |
| lapstatin, a new aminopeptidase inhibitor produced by streptomyces rimosus, inhibits autogenous aminopeptidases. | lapstatin, a low-molecular-weight aminopeptidase inhibitor, was purified to homogeneity from streptomyces rimosus culture filtrates. the purification procedure included extraction with methanol, followed by chromatography on dowex 50wx4, ag50wx4, and hplc rp c18 columns. by amino acid analysis, mass spectrometry, and nmr spectroscopy, the structure of lapstatin was shown to be 3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoylvaline. lapstatin inhibited the extracellular leucine aminopeptidases from streptomyc ... | 1999 | 10369895 |
| possible involvement of camp in aerial mycelium formation and secondary metabolism in streptomyces griseus. | in streptomyces griseus, a-factor (2-isocapryloyl-3r-hydroxymethyl-gamma-butyrolactone) triggers secondary metabolism and morphogenesis by binding a repressor protein (arpa) and dissociating it from dna. uv-mutagenesis of the a-factor-deficient mutant hh1 generated strain ho2, defective in the synthesis of arpa and therefore able to form aerial mycelium, spores and streptomycin. shotgun cloning of chromosomal dna from wild-type s. griseus in strain ho2 yielded a gene that suppressed aerial mycel ... | 1999 | 10376832 |
| nonactin biosynthesis: the product of nons catalyzes the formation of the furan ring of nonactic acid. | nonactin is the parent compound of a group of ionophore antibiotics, known as the macrotetrolides, produced by streptomyces griseus subsp. griseus eth a7796. nonactin is a significant compound because of its inhibitory effects on the p170 glycoprotein-mediated efflux of chemotherapeutic agents in multiple-drug-resistant cancer cells. nonactin is also significant in that it is a highly atypical polyketide. very little is presently known about the genes of the nonactin biosynthesis cluster. in thi ... | 1999 | 10390219 |
| functional analysis of genes from streptomyces griseus involved in the synthesis of isorenieratene, a carotenoid with aromatic end groups, revealed a novel type of carotenoid desaturase. | the biosynthesis of the aromatic carotene isorenieratene is restricted to green photosynthetic bacteria and a few actinomycetes. among them streptomyces griseus has been used to study the genes involved in this pathway. five genes out of seven of two adjacent operons in one cluster could be identified to be sufficient for the synthesis of isorenieratene. stepwise deletions of these genes demonstrated their participation in phytoene synthesis, phytoene desaturation and lycopene cyclization. the n ... | 1999 | 10395965 |
| different phosphate binding modes of streptomyces griseus aminopeptidase between crystal and solution states and the status of zinc-bound water. | phosphate shows a non-competitive inhibition toward a streptomyces aminopeptidase (sap) between ph 5.85 (ki = 0.48 mm) and 9.0 (110 mm), with a pka of 7.1 likely due to ionization of h2po4-. this non-competitive inhibition pattern indicates that phosphate binding to sap in solution is different from that in the crystal structure, where phosphate is bound to the active site zn(ii) ions. fluoride uncompetitively inhibits sap from ph 5.5 (ki = 3.72 mm) to 9.0 (43.6 mm), with a pka of approximately ... | 1999 | 10437797 |
| a new pathway for polyketide synthesis in microorganisms. | chalcone synthases, which biosynthesize chalcones (the starting materials for many flavonoids), have been believed to be specific to plants. however, the rppa gene from the gram-positive, soil-living filamentous bacterium streptomyces griseus encodes a 372-amino-acid protein that shows significant similarity to chalcone synthases. several rppa-like genes are known, but their functions and catalytic properties have not been described. here we show that a homodimer of rppa catalyses polyketide syn ... | 1999 | 10476972 |
| analysis of fusion junctions of circularized chromosomes in streptomyces griseus. | a filamentous soil bacterium, streptomyces griseus 2247, carries a 7. 8-mb linear chromosome. we previously showed by macrorestriction analysis that mutagenic treatments easily caused deletions at both ends of its linear chromosome and changed the chromosome to a circular form. in this study, we confirmed chromosomal circularization by cloning and sequencing the junction fragments from two deletion mutants, 404-23 and n2. the junction sequences were compared with the corresponding right and left ... | 1999 | 10482512 |
| streptomyces aspartate transcarbamoylase is a dodecamer with dihydroorotase activity. | aspartate transcarbamoylase (atcase) was purified from streptomyces griseus. the enzyme is a dodecamer with a molecular mass of approximately 450 kda. the holoenzyme is a complex of atcase and active dihydroorotase (dhoase) subunits. the atcase and dhoase activities co-purify after gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. denaturing gel electrophoresis separates the holoenzyme into a 38-kda atcase polypeptide and a 47-kda dhoase polypeptide. the holoenzyme retained atcase and dhoase activ ... | 1999 | 10486051 |
| the structures of picornaviral proteinases. | picornaviruses are a family of positive-strand rna viruses the members of which include poliovirus, hepatitis a virus, rhinovirus, foot-and-mouth disease virus and encephalomyocarditis virus. the genetic information contained in the single-stranded, positive sense rna genome is expressed as a single protein of around 2000 amino acids. this primary product of protein synthesis, designated the polyprotein, is subsequently cleaved into the mature viral proteins by proteinases present within it. the ... | 1999 | 10507325 |
| cytochrome p450105d1 (cyp105d1) from streptomyces griseus: heterologous expression, activity, and activation effects of multiple xenobiotics. | the open reading frame of cyp105d1, a soluble cytochrome p450 from streptomyces griseus, was cloned behind the tac promoter of the bacterial expression vector pspg1910l and expressed in escherichia coli. the recombinant protein retained normal spectral characteristics having a soret peak at 448 nm in the reduced carbon monoxide difference spectrum. cyp105d1 was active, obtaining reducing equivalents from endogenous e. coli ferredoxin and ferredoxin reductase redox partners present in e. coli. in ... | 1999 | 10512767 |
| characterization of the gene for factor c, an extracellular signal protein involved in morphological differentiation of streptomyces griseus. | the gene encoding factor c (facc), an extracellular signal protein involved in cellular differentiation, was cloned from streptomyces griseus 45h, and the complete nucleotide sequence was determined. the deduced amino acid sequence was confirmed by hplc/electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry analysis. the full-length protein consists of 324 amino acids and has a predicted molecular mass of 34,523 da. the mature extracellular 286 amino acid protein (31,038 da) is probably produced by cleaving ... | 1999 | 10517577 |
| a putative regulatory element for carbon-source-dependent differentiation in streptomyces griseus. | to identify negative regulatory genes for cellular differentiation in streptomyces griseus, dna fragments repressing the normal developmental processes were cloned on a high-copy-number plasmid. one of these dna fragments markedly repressed aerial mycelium and spore formation on solid media containing glucose or galactose, but not on media containing maltose or mannitol. the fragment contained three complete orfs; precise subcloning revealed that a 249 bp fragment located in the promoter region ... | 1999 | 10517579 |
| involvement of amfc in physiological and morphological development in streptomyces coelicolor a3(2). | amfc plays a regulatory role in aerial mycelium formation in streptomyces griseus and is distributed widely among streptomyces species. disruption of the chromosomal amfc gene in streptomyces coelicolor a3(2) severely reduced formation of aerial hyphae, indicating that amfc is important in morphological development. in addition, the disruption caused s. coelicolor a3(2) m130 to produce much less actinorhodin, and to produce undecylprodigiosin at a later stage of growth, indicating that amfc also ... | 1999 | 10517580 |
| an afsk/afsr system involved in the response of aerial mycelium formation to glucose in streptomyces griseus. | in streptomyces coelicolor a3(2), a protein serine/threonine kinase (afsk) and its target protein (afsr) control secondary metabolism. afsk and afsr homologues (afsk-g and afsr-g) from streptomyces griseus showed high end-to-end similarity in amino acid sequence with the respective s. coelicolor a3(2) proteins, as determined by cloning and nucleotide sequencing. afsk-g and a fusion protein between afsk-g and thioredoxin (trx-afsk-g) produced in high yield as inclusion bodies in escherichia coli ... | 1999 | 10517581 |
| the a-factor regulatory cascade leading to streptomycin biosynthesis in streptomyces griseus : identification of a target gene of the a-factor receptor. | in streptomyces griseus, a-factor (2-isocapryloyl-3r-hydroxymethyl-gamma-butyrolactone) at an extremely low concentration triggers streptomycin biosynthesis and cell differentiation by binding a repressor-type receptor protein (arpa) and dissociating it from dna. an a-factor-responsive transcriptional activator (adpa) able to bind the promoter of strr, a pathway-specific regulatory gene responsible for transcription of other streptomycin biosynthetic genes, was purified to homogeneity and adpa w ... | 1999 | 10540289 |
| analysis and regulation of the secy gene(1) from streptomyces griseus n2-3-11 and interaction of the secy protein with the seca protein. | the chromosomal region encoding the secy gene of streptomyces griseus n2-3-11 was cloned and analyzed. the secy gene encodes a polypeptide of 438 aa with a molecular mass of 47.5 kda. the transcriptional start point of the secy gene was determined. northern blot analysis revealed a growth phase-dependent secy expression supporting our previous findings for seca gene expression in s. griseus. overproduction of the secy protein was obtained when using streptomyces lividans tk23 as host. the intera ... | 1999 | 10542330 |
| protein-mediated adhesion of the dissimilatory fe(iii)-reducing bacterium shewanella alga bry to hydrous ferric oxide. | the rate and extent of bacterial fe(iii) mineral reduction are governed by molecular-scale interactions between the bacterial cell surface and the mineral surface. these interactions are poorly understood. this study examined the role of surface proteins in the adhesion of shewanella alga bry to hydrous ferric oxide (hfo). enzymatic degradation of cell surface polysaccharides had no effect on cell adhesion to hfo. the proteolytic enzymes streptomyces griseus protease and chymotrypsin inhibited t ... | 1999 | 10543817 |
| trypsin-catalyzed peptide synthesis with m-guanidinophenyl and m-(guanidinomethyl)phenyl esters as acyl donor component. | two series of inverse substrates, m-guanidinophenyl and m-(guanidinomethyl)phenyl esters derived from n-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)-amino acid, were prepared as an acyl donor component for trypsin-catalyzed peptide synthesis. the kinetic behavior of these esters toward tryptic hydrolysis was analyzed. they were found to couple with an acyl acceptor such as l-alanine p-nitroanilide to produce dipeptide in the presence of trypsin. streptomyces griseus trypsin was a more efficient catalyst than the bov ... | 1999 | 10582127 |
| identification of factor c protein from streptomyces griseus by microelectrospray mass spectrometry. | factor c, an extracellular signal protein of cellular differentiation, was studied and significant homology was found to several zinc finger-type regulatory proteins. the complete amino acid sequence, deduced from the gene, that encodes the protein, did not support the hypothesis that this protein might be a zinc finger-type regulatory protein. however, a theoretical single nucleotide insertion in the gene can result in another similarly sized protein containing about 20 his residues, which woul ... | 1999 | 10587626 |
| the extracellular regions of psma and the transferrin receptor contain an aminopeptidase domain: implications for drug design. | the aeromonas proteolytica aminopeptidase (amp), pseudomonas sp. (rs-16) carboxypeptidase g2 (cpg2), and streptomyces griseus aminopeptidase (sgap) are zinc dependent proteolytic enzymes with cocatalytic zinc ion centers and a conserved aminopeptidase fold. a blast search with the sequence of the solved amp structure indicated that a similar domain could be found in prostate-specific membrane antigen (psma) and the transferrin receptor (tfr). when the psma or tfr sequence was input into the thre ... | 1999 | 10595564 |