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complete genome sequences of lactobacillus johnsonii strain n6.2 and lactobacillus reuteri strain td1.we report here the complete genome sequences of lactobacillus johnsonii strain n6.2, a homofermentative lactic acid intestinal bacterium, and lactobacillus reuteri strain td1, a heterofermentative lactic acid intestinal bacterium, both isolated from a type 1 diabetes-resistant rat model.201424812223
a randomized double blind controlled safety trial evaluating d-lactic acid production in healthy infants fed a lactobacillus reuteri-containing formula.d-lactic acidosis in infants fed lactic acid bacteria-containing products is a concern.201424812520
diversity and functional characterization of lactobacillus spp. isolated throughout the ripening of a hard cheese.the aim of this work was to study the lactobacillus spp. intra- and inter- species diversity in a piedmont hard cheese made of raw milk without thermal treatment and without addition of industrial starter, and to perform a first screening for potential functional properties. a total of 586 isolates were collected during the cheese production and identified by means of molecular methods: three hundred and four were identified as lactobacillus rhamnosus, two hundred and forty as lactobacillus helv ...201424819414
the efficacy of lactobacillus reuteri dsm 17938 in infants and children: a review of the current evidence.we aimed to systematically evaluate evidence on the effectiveness of lactobacillus reuteri dsm 17938 (l. reuteri) for treating and preventing diseases in infants and children. medline and the cochrane library were searched in december 2013, with no language restrictions, for relevant randomized controlled trials (rcts) and meta-analyses. the search was updated in april 2014. one systematic review and 14 rcts met the inclusion criteria. the use of l. reuteri may be considered in the management of ...201424819885
gut dysbiosis and detection of "live gut bacteria" in blood of japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.mounting evidence indicates that the gut microbiota are an important modifier of obesity and diabetes. however, so far there is no information on gut microbiota and "live gut bacteria" in the systemic circulation of japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.201424824547
probiotic vs. placebo in irritable bowel syndrome:a randomized controlled trial.this study assesses the potential effect of lactobacillus reuteri as a single strain probiotic preparation (biogaia®) on irritable bowel syndrome (ibs).201324829677
oral lactobacillus reuteri gmn-32 treatment reduces blood glucose concentrations and promotes cardiac function in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus -- retraction. 201424829954
characterization of the most abundant lactobacillus species in chicken gastrointestinal tract and potential use as probiotics for genetic engineering.the count and diffusion of lactobacilli species in the different gastrointestinal tract (gi) regions of broilers were investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the probiotic characteristics of six l. reuteri species isolated from broilers' gi tract were also investigated to obtain the potential target for genetic engineering. lactobacilli had the highest diversity in the crop and the lowest one in the cecum. compared with the lower gi tract, more lactobacilli were fou ...201424850302
lactobacillus reuteri dsm 17938 differentially modulates effector memory t cells and foxp3+ regulatory t cells in a mouse model of necrotizing enterocolitis.necrotizing enterocolitis (nec) is an inflammatory disease with evidence of increased production of proinflammatory cytokines in the intestinal mucosa. lactobacillus reuteri dsm 17938 (lr17938) has been shown to have anti-inflammatory activities in an experimental model of nec. activated effector lymphocyte recruitment to sites of inflammation requires the sequential engagement of adhesion molecules such as cd44. the phenotype of cd44(+)cd45rb(lo) separates t effector/memory (tem) cells from nai ...201424852566
flux analysis of the lactobacillus reuteri propanediol-utilization pathway for production of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, 3-hydroxypropionic acid and 1,3-propanediol from glycerol.lactobacillus reuteri converts glycerol to 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3hp) and 1,3-propanediol (1,3pdo) via 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde (3hpa) as an intermediate using enzymes encoded in its propanediol-utilization (pdu) operon. since 3hp, 1,3pdo and 3hpa are important building blocks for the bio-based chemical industry, l. reuteri can be an attractive candidate for their production. however, little is known about the kinetics of glycerol utilization in the pdu pathway in l. reuteri. in this study, t ...201424886501
fermentation conditions influence the fatty acid composition of the membranes of lactobacillus reuteri i5007 and its survival following freeze-drying.lactobacillus reuteri i5007 has well-documented adhesion properties and health benefits. future industrial use of lact. reuteri i5007 will require the development of effective fermentation procedures and high bacterial survival following drying. therefore, this study was conducted to determine the impact of altering fermentation ph and temperature on the fatty acid composition of the bacterial membranes and subsequent survival of lact. reuteri i5007 following freeze-drying. initially, a response ...201424888635
effect of tablets containing probiotic bacteria (lactobacillus reuteri) on early caries lesions in adolescents: a pilot study.the objective of the study was to investigate the effect of tablets containing probiotic lactobacilli on early caries lesions in adolescents with quantitative light-induced fluorescence (qlf). 36 healthy adolescents of both sexes (12-17 years of age) were enrolled and randomly allocated to a placebo-controlled trial with two parallel groups. the test group received two tablets daily containing two strains of lactobacillus reuteri (dsm 17938 and atcc pta 5289) for a period of three months, while ...201424889893
influence of bovine lactoferrin on the growth of selected probiotic bacteria under aerobic conditions.bovine lactoferrin (blf) is a natural glycoprotein, and it shows broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. however, reports on the influences of blf on probiotic bacteria have been mixed. we examined the effects of apo-blf (between 0.25 and 128 mg/ml) on both aerobic and anaerobic cultures of probiotics. we found that blf had similar effects on the growth of probiotics under aerobic or anaerobic conditions, and that it actively and significantly (at concentrations of >0.25 mg/ml) retarded the growt ...201424916115
prevention of late blowing defect by reuterin produced in cheese by a lactobacillus reuteri adjunct.in this study, reuterin-producing lactobacillus reuteri inia p572 was added to cheese as an adjunct culture together with 50 or 100 mm glycerol (required for reuterin production), with the aim of controlling clostridium tyrobutyricum cect 4011 growth and preventing the late blowing defect (lbd) of cheese caused by this strain. l. reuteri survived cheese manufacture and produced reuterin in situ, detected at 6 and 24 h. however, the produced reuterin was enough to inhibit the growth of clostridiu ...201424929721
glutamine, glutamate, and arginine-based acid resistance in lactobacillus reuteri.this study aimed to determine whether glutamine deamidation improves acid resistance of lactobacillus reuteri, and to assess whether arginine, glutamine, and glutamate-mediated acid resistance are redundant or complementary mechanisms of acid resistance. three putative glutaminase genes, gls1, gls2, and gls3, were identified in l. reuteri 100-23. all three genes were expressed during growth in mmrs and wheat sourdough. l. reuteri consistently over-expressed gls3 and the glutamate decarboxylase g ...201424929734
receptor-like molecules on human intestinal epithelial cells interact with an adhesion factor from lactobacillus reuteri.a surface protein of lactobacillus reuteri, mucus adhesion-promoting protein (mapa), is considered to be an adhesion factor. mapa is expressed in l. reuteri strains and adheres to piglet gastric mucus, collagen type i, and human intestinal epithelial cells such as caco-2. the aim of this study was to identify molecules that mediate the attachment of mapa from l. reuteri to the intestinal epithelial cell surface by investigating the adhesion of mapa to receptor-like molecules on caco-2 cells. map ...201224936355
from prediction to function using evolutionary genomics: human-specific ecotypes of lactobacillus reuteri have diverse probiotic functions.the vertebrate gut symbiont lactobacillus reuteri has diversified into separate clades reflecting host origin. strains show evidence of host adaptation, but how host-microbe coevolution influences microbial-derived effects on hosts is poorly understood. emphasizing human-derived strains of l. reuteri, we combined comparative genomic analyses with functional assays to examine variations in host interaction among genetically distinct ecotypes. within clade ii or vi, the genomes of human-derived l. ...201424951561
biopreservation of fior di latte cheese.in this study a new biopreservation system consisting of an active sodium alginate coating containing lactobacillus reuteri applied to fior di latte cheese was studied. the final aim was to extend cheese shelf life by the in situ production of reuterin. experimental trials were carried out with and without glycerol. how the fermentation time could improve the production of reuterin, enabling fior di latte shelf life, was also assessed. to this aim, the experimental analyses were conducted in 2 d ...201424952776
quantitative high-resolution melting pcr analysis for monitoring of fermentation microbiota in sourdough.current methods of monitoring the microbial ecology of food fermentation system are generally labor intensive and/or time consuming. this study developed two methods based on high-resolution melting curves (hrm) to monitor sourdough microbiota during fermentation and to investigate the effect of cereal substrate on microbial ecology. a strain cocktail of lactobacillus fermentum fua3165, lactobacillus plantarum fua3309, lactobacillus paracasei fua3166 and lactobacillus reuteri fua3168 was used to ...201424984221
pre- and postnatal administration of lactobacillus reuteri decreases tlr2 responses in infants.mice models indicate that intact toll like receptor (tlr) signaling may be essential for the allergy protective effects of diverse bacterial exposure observed in clinical trials and epidemiological studies. probiotic supplementation with lactobacillus reuteri from pregnancy week 36 and to the infant through the first year of life decreased the prevalence of ige-associated eczema at two years (clinicaltrials.gov nct01285830). the effect of this supplementation on innate immune responses to bacter ...201425002964
investigation of probiotic bacteria as dental caries and periodontal disease biotherapeutics.oral diseases, specifically dental caries and periodontal disease, are characterised by increases in pathogenic microorganisms, increased demineralisation and increased inflammation and levels of inflammatory markers. despite the therapeutic strategies, oral diseases have elevated prevalence rates. recent work has demonstrated that probiotic bio-therapeutics can decrease oral pathogen counts, including caries-causing streptococcus mutans and oral inflammation. the aim of this work was to investi ...201425006013
lactobacillus reuteri is an effective option for the prevention of diarrhoea in preschool children but may not be cost-effective in all settings. 201425015434
exopolysaccharides synthesized by lactobacillus reuteri protect against enterotoxigenic escherichia coli in piglets.enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) is a major cause of diarrhea in piglets; etec cells colonize the intestinal mucosa with adhesins and deliver toxins that cause fluid loss. this study determined the antiadhesive properties of bacterial exopolysaccharides (reuteran and levan) and related glycans (dextran and inulin) in a small intestinal segment perfusion (sisp) model. the sisp model used 10 jejunal segments from 5-week-old piglets. five segments were infected with etec expressing k88 fimbr ...201425015886
effect of lineage-specific metabolic traits of lactobacillus reuteri on sourdough microbial ecology.this study determined the effects of specific metabolic traits of lactobacillus reuteri on its competitiveness in sourdoughs. the competitiveness of lactobacilli in sourdough generally depends on their growth rate; acid resistance additionally contributes to competitiveness in sourdoughs with long fermentation times. glycerol metabolism via glycerol dehydratase (gupcde) accelerates growth by the regeneration of reduced cofactors; glutamate metabolism via glutamate decarboxylase (gadb) increases ...201425015888
evaluation of lactobacilli from human sources for uptake and accumulation of selenium.the trace mineral selenium (se) is currently in demand for health supplements for human and animal nutrition. in the present study, 25 isolates of lactobacillus species of human origin from indian population were screened for their ability to uptake and accumulate se in a more bioavailable form. total se accumulated by cells was measured by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (icpes) after wet digestion of se-enriched cultures. ten out of 25 isolates grew luxuriantly, as red pigment ...201425022245
high-level expression and characterization of recombinant acid urease for enzymatic degradation of urea in rice wine.ethylcarbamate, a carcinogenic compound, is formed from urea and ethanol in rice wine, and enzymatic elimination of urea is always attractive. in the present work, we amplified the acid urease gene cluster ureabcefgd from lactobacillus reuteri cicc6124 and constructed robust lactococcus lactis cell factories for the production of acid urease. the titer of the recombinant acid urease was increased from 1,550 to 11,560 u/l by optimization of the cultivation process. meanwhile, the enzyme showed sa ...201525027572
development of a non-dairy probiotic fermented product based on almond milk and inulin.a new fermented almond "milk" that combined the properties of both almonds and probiotics was considered to cover the current versatile health-promoting foods' demand. almond milk fermentation with probiotic lactobacillus reuteri and streptococcus thermophilus was studied by using a central composite design with response surface methodology, and different factors (glucose, fructose, inulin and starters) were optimised to assure high probiotic survivals in the final product. the optimal formulati ...201525028153
fermentable non-starch polysaccharides increases the abundance of bacteroides-prevotella-porphyromonas in ileal microbial community of growing pigs.most plant-origin fiber sources used in pig production contains a mixture of soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (nsp). the knowledge about effects of these sources of nsp on the gut microbiota and its fermentation products is still scarce. the aim of this study was to investigate effects of feeding diets with native sources of nsp on the ileal and fecal microbial composition and the dietary impact on the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (scfa) and lactic acid. the experimen ...201425046106
coexpression and secretion of endoglucanase and phytase genes in lactobacillus reuteri.a multifunctional transgenic lactobacillus with probiotic characteristics and an ability to degrade β-glucan and phytic acid (phytate) was engineered to improve nutrient utilization, increase production performance and decrease digestive diseases in broiler chickens. the bacillus subtilis wl001 endoglucanase gene (celw) and aspergillus fumigatus wl002 phytase gene (phyw) mature peptide (phywm) were cloned into an expression vector with the lactate dehydrogenase promoter of lactobacillus casei an ...201425050780
2-butanol and butanone production in saccharomyces cerevisiae through combination of a b12 dependent dehydratase and a secondary alcohol dehydrogenase using a tev-based expression system.2-butanol and its chemical precursor butanone (methyl ethyl ketone--mek) are chemicals with potential uses as biofuels and biocommodity chemicals. in order to produce 2-butanol, we have demonstrated the utility of using a tev-protease based expression system to achieve equimolar expression of the individual subunits of the two protein complexes involved in the b12-dependent dehydratase step (from the pdu-operon of lactobacillus reuteri), which catalyze the conversion of meso-2,3-butanediol to bu ...201425054226
lactobacillus reuteri 100-23 modulates urea hydrolysis in the murine stomach.comparisons of in vivo (mouse stomach) and in vitro (laboratory culture) transcriptomes of lactobacillus reuteri strain 100-23 were made by microarray analysis. these comparisons revealed the upregulation of genes associated with acid tolerance, including urease production, in the mouse stomach. inactivation of the urec gene reduced the acid tolerance of strain 100-23 in vitro, and the mutant was outcompeted by the wild type in the gut of ex-lactobacillus-free mice. urine analysis showed that st ...201425063664
crispr-cas9-assisted recombineering in lactobacillus reuteri.clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (crisprs) and the crispr-associated (cas) nuclease protect bacteria and archeae from foreign dna by site-specific cleavage of incoming dna. type-ii crispr-cas systems, such as the streptococcus pyogenes crispr-cas9 system, can be adapted such that cas9 can be guided to a user-defined site in the chromosome to introduce double-stranded breaks. here we have developed and optimized crispr-cas9 function in the lactic acid bacterium lactobacillus re ...201425074379
antimicrobial activity of reuterin produced by lactobacillus reuteri on listeria monocytogenes in cold-smoked salmon.lactobacillus reuteri inia p579 was used for the production and purification of reuterin. the purity of reuterin was assessed by high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (hresims) and nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy. after purification, reuterin concentration obtained was 1.3 m. the inhibitory activity using escherichia coli k12 as indicator strain was estimated to be 510 au/ml. survival curves in tryptic soy broth revealed that reuterin required to inhibit the gro ...201425084638
an improved method for the electrotransformation of lactic acid bacteria: a comparative survey.an efficient method for genetic transformation of lactic acid bacteria (lab) by electroporation is presented in this work. a comparative survey with other electrotransformation methods already published showed that the method proposed here yields the higher electrotransformation efficiency in the 12 lab strains tested, which could make the method applicable to other lab species or genera.201425086179
short communication: combined antimicrobial activity of reuterin and diacetyl against foodborne pathogens.reuterin (β-hydroxypropionialdehyde) is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial substance produced by some strains of lactobacillus reuteri during anaerobic fermentation of glycerol. some of these strains are able to survive and produce reuterin in cheese and yogurt when added as adjuncts to the starter. similarly, in fermented dairy foods, other inhibitory compounds such as lactic acid and diacetyl are produced during fermentation. in this work, we studied the combined effect of reuterin and diacetyl un ...201425087026
effect of traditional leafy vegetables on the growth of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria.traditional leafy vegetables, apart from being a staple in the diet of most of sub-saharan africa, are an essential part of traditional medicine and are used daily by traditional healers in the region to treat a wide variety of ailments. in this study, a batch culture technique was used to investigate whether 25 infusions from 22 traditional leafy vegetables stimulated the growth of lactobacillus bulgaricus, lactobacillus lactis, lactobacillus reuteri and bifidobacterium longum in pure culture. ...201425088723
characterization of two truncated forms of xylanase recombinantly expressed by lactobacillus reuteri with an introduced rumen fungal xylanase gene.the xylanase r8 gene (xynr8) from uncultured rumen fungi was cloned and successfully expressed in lactobacillus reuteri. a xylanase activity of 132.1 u/ml was found in the broth of l. reuteri r8, the transformant containing pnz3004 vector with xynr8 gene insertion. two distinct forms of recombinant xylanase with different hydrophobicities and molecular weights were found in the broth after purification. according to the results of western blotting, only the t7-tag, fused in the n-terminus of xyn ...201425152410
effects of a yeast-dried milk product in creep and phase-1 nursery diets on growth performance, circulating immunoglobulin a, and fecal microbiota of nursing and nursery pigs.four experiments were conducted to evaluate effects of yeast-dried milk (ydm) product in creep and phase-1 nursery diets. in exp. 1, 24 parity-4 litters were allotted to 3 dietary treatments (8 litters/treatment) including no creep (nc), control creep (ctl), and experimental creep (ec; 10% ydm). creep diets were fed twice daily from d 7 after birth until weaning (23.6 ± 1.8 d). in exp. 2, 108 weaned pigs were selected based on mean bw of pigs from the respective treatments in exp. 1. for phase 1 ...201425184835
precision genome engineering in lactic acid bacteria.innovative new genome engineering technologies for manipulating chromosomes have appeared in the last decade. one of these technologies, recombination mediated genetic engineering (recombineering) allows for precision dna engineering of chromosomes and plasmids in escherichia coli. single-stranded dna recombineering (ssdr) allows for the generation of subtle mutations without the need for selection and without leaving behind any foreign dna. in this review we discuss the application of ssdr tech ...201425185700
feeding spinach thylakoids to rats modulates the gut microbiota, decreases food intake and affects the insulin response.thylakoid membranes derived from green leaf chloroplasts affect appetite-regulating hormones, suppress food intake, reduce blood lipids and lead to a decreased body weight in animals and human subjects. thylakoids also decrease the intestinal in vitro uptake of methyl-glucose in the rat. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary thylakoids on the gut microbiota composition, mainly the taxa of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, in rats fed either a thylakoid-enriched diet or a ...201325191569
phenotypic surface properties (aggregation, adhesion and biofilm formation) and presence of related genes in beneficial vaginal lactobacilli.to evaluate the phenotypic expression of auto-aggregation, adhesion to mucin and biofilm formation of lactobacilli isolated from human vagina and the presence of related genes.201425195810
effects of lactobacillus reuteri-derived biosurfactant on the gene expression profile of essential adhesion genes (gtfb, gtfc and ftf) of streptococcus mutans.streptococci are the main causative agents in plaque formation and mutans streptococci are the principle etiological agent of dental plaque and caries. the process of biofilm formation is a step-wise process, starting with adhesion of planktonic cells to the surfaces. it is now a well known fact that expression of glucosyltransferases (gtfs) and fructosyltransferase (ftf) genes play a critical role in the initial adhesion of streptococcus mutans to the tooth surface, which results in the formati ...201425221772
lactobacillus gorillae sp. nov., isolated from the faeces of captive and wild western lowland gorillas (gorilla gorilla gorilla).four strains of gram-staining-positive, anaerobic rods were isolated from the faeces of western lowland gorillas (gorilla gorilla gorilla). three strains, kz01(t), kz02 and kz03, were isolated at the kyoto city zoo, japan, and one strain, gg02, was isolated in the moukalaba-doudou national park, gabon. these strains were investigated taxonomically. these strains belonged to the lactobacillus reuteri phylogenetic group according to phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences and specif ...201425240022
comparison of lactobacillus reuteri and nystatin prophylaxis on candida colonization and infection in very low birth weight infants.the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of orally administered lactobacillus reuteri (l. reuteri) versus nystatin in prevention of fungal colonization and invasive candidiasis in very low birth weight infants.201525245226
thiouracil-forming bacteria identified and characterized upon porcine in vitro digestion of brassicaceae feed.in recent years, the frequent detection of the banned thyreostat thiouracil (tu) in livestock urine has been related to endogenous tu formation following digestion of glucosinolate-rich brassicaceae crops. recently, it was demonstrated that, upon in vitro digestion of brassicaceae, fecal bacteria induce tu detection in livestock (porcine livestock > bovines). therefore, the present study was intended to isolate and identify bacteria involved in this intestinal tu formation upon brassicaceae dige ...201425261511
hypocholesterolemic effects of lactobacillus reuteri lr6 in rats fed on high-cholesterol diet.the bacterium lactobacillus reuteri lr6, an isolate from breast-fed human infant feces, was tested positive for bile tolerance and bile salt hydrolase activity. it was also evaluated as a potential probiotic with cholesterol-lowering effect in vivo. in this study, 32 male albino rats were divided into four groups consisting of eight mice per group. for 60 d, group i was fed with normal synthetic diet, group ii was fed with cholesterol-enriched diet only, group iii was fed with cholesterol-enrich ...201525265203
residue leu940 has a crucial role in the linkage and reaction specificity of the glucansucrase gtf180 of the probiotic bacterium lactobacillus reuteri 180.highly conserved glycoside hydrolase family 70 glucansucrases are able to catalyze the synthesis of α-glucans with different structure from sucrose. the structural determinants of glucansucrase specificity have remained unclear. residue leu(940) in domain b of gtf180, the glucansucrase of the probiotic bacterium lactobacillus reuteri 180, was shown to vary in different glucansucrases and is close to the +1 glucosyl unit in the crystal structure of gtf180-δn in complex with maltose. herein, we sh ...201425288798
cholesterol assimilation by lactobacillus probiotic bacteria: an in vitro investigation.excess cholesterol is associated with cardiovascular diseases (cvd), an important cause of mortality worldwide. current cvd therapeutic measures, lifestyle and dietary interventions, and pharmaceutical agents for regulating cholesterol levels are inadequate. probiotic bacteria have demonstrated potential to lower cholesterol levels by different mechanisms, including bile salt hydrolase activity, production of compounds that inhibit enzymes such as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a, and chole ...201425295259
evaluation of biochemical and molecular methods for lactobacillus reuteri strains differentiation.several biochemical and molecular methods were used for discrimination of four lactobacillus reuteri strains isolated from goatling and lamb stomach mucosa. internal transcribed spacer (its)-pcr method and protein analysis by sds-page and maldi-tof showed to be suitable for strain discrimination whereas its-pcr/rflp and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (eric)-pcr were not strain specific. the used methods differentiated tested strains into distinct groups; however, the location of ...201525300353
efficacy of synbiotics to reduce acute radiation proctitis symptoms and improve quality of life: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial.to evaluate whether the daily intake of synbiotics interferes in radiation-induced acute proctitis symptoms and in quality of life in patients with prostate cancer.201425304789
soluble factors from lactobacillus reuteri crl1098 have anti-inflammatory effects in acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice.we have previously demonstrated that lactobacillus reuteri crl1098 soluble factors were able to reduce tnf-α production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. the aims of this study were to determine whether l. reuteri crl1098 soluble factors were able to modulate in vitro the inflammatory response triggered by lps in murine macrophages, to gain insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in the immunoregulatory effect, and to evaluate in vivo its capacity to exert anti-inflammatory act ...201425329163
probiotic supplementation in systemic nickel allergy syndrome patients: study of its effects on lactic acid bacteria population and on clinical symptoms.the study aimed to evaluate the effects of probiotic lactobacillus reuteri dsm 17938 strain supplementation in patients suffering from systemic nickel allergy syndrome, in terms of modulation of faecal lab population linked to a reduction of gi and cutaneous symptoms and to an increase of patient's quality of life.201525363062
inhibitory activity in vitro of probiotic lactobacilli against oral candida under different fermentation conditions.clinical studies have shown that probiotics positively affect oral health by decreasing gum bleeding and/or reducing salivary counts of certain oral pathogens. our aim was to investigate the inhibitory effect of six probiotic lactobacilli against opportunistic oral candida species. sugar utilisation by both lactobacilli and candida was also assessed. agar overlay assay was utilised to study growth inhibition of candida albicans, candida glabrata and candida krusei by lactobacillus rhamnosus gg, ...201525380800
effect of dietary incorporation of a multi-strain probiotic on growth performance and health status in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss).dietary supplementation with a multi-strain probiotic containing bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecium, pediococcus acidilactici and lactobacillus reuteri has been examined for its effects on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, non-specific immune response and antioxidant status of rainbow trout. three groups of sub-adult trout were stocked into experimental tanks. a commercial diet was used as control, while the other two groups received diets supplemented with the multi-strain probiot ...201525411048
isomalto/malto-polysaccharide, a novel soluble dietary fiber made via enzymatic conversion of starch.dietary fibers are at the forefront of nutritional research because they positively contribute to human health. much of our processed foods contain, however, only small quantities of dietary fiber, because their addition often negatively affects the taste, texture, and mouth feel. there is thus an urge for novel types of dietary fibers that do not cause unwanted sensory effects when applied as ingredient, while still positively contributing to the health of consumers. here, we report the generat ...201425412115
bile tolerance and its effect on antibiotic susceptibility of probiotic lactobacillus candidates.before use in practice, it is necessary to precisely identify and characterize a new probiotic candidate. eight animal lactobacilli and collection strain lactobacillus reuteri ccm 3625 were studied from the point of saccharide fermentation profiles, bile salt resistance, antibiogram profiles, and influence of bile on sensitivity to antibiotics. studied lactobacilli differed in their sugar fermentation ability determined by api 50chl and their identification based on these profiles did not corres ...201525413644
antimicrobial effect of lactobacillus reuteri on cariogenic bacteria streptococcus gordonii, streptococcus mutans, and periodontal diseases actinomyces naeslundii and tannerella forsythia.lactic acid bacteria (lab) are well known for their beneficial effects on human health in the intestine and immune system; however, there are few studies on the impact they can generate in oral health. the aim of this study was to test and compare in vitro antimicrobial activity of l. reuteri on pathogenic bacteria involved in the formation of dental caries: s. mutans, s. gordonii, and periodontal disease: a. naeslundii and t. forsythia. also, we determined the growth kinetics of each bacterium ...201525422124
probiotics for infantile colic: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigating lactobacillus reuteri dsm 17938.to investigate the effectiveness of lactobacillus reuteri dsm 17938 for the treatment of infantile colic in breastfed canadian infants, compared with placebo.201525444531
semicarbazide-functionalized resin as a new scavenger for in situ recovery of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde during biotransformation of glycerol by lactobacillus reuteri.3-hydroxypropionaldehyde (3hpa), a potential c3-platform chemical for a biobased industry, is produced from glycerol using lactobacillus reuteri through its glycerol dehydratase activity. however, the process is characterized by low yield and productivity due to toxic effects of 3hpa on the biocatalyst activity. in this study, a semicarbazide-functionalized resin was prepared, evaluated for adsorption and in situ recovery of 3hpa during biotransformation of glycerol. adsorption of 3hpa onto the ...201425456063
probiotic administration modifies the milk fatty acid profile, intestinal morphology, and intestinal fatty acid profile of goats.the effect of a mixture of potentially probiotic bacteria (mppb; lactobacillus reuteri ddl 19, lactobacillus alimentarius ddl 48, enterococcus faecium dde 39, and bifidobacterium bifidum strains) on the milk fatty acid (fa) profile, with emphasis on cis-9,trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (cla) in the middle stage of goat lactation, was determined. in addition, the effects of mppb feeding on the fa profile in intestinal content and intestinal morphology in weaned goats were analyzed. the probiot ...201525465559
lactobacillus reuteri dsm 17938 for managing infant colic: protocol for an individual participant data meta-analysis.infant colic, or excessive crying of unknown cause in infants less than 3 months old, is common and burdensome. its aetiology is undetermined, and consensus on its management is still lacking. recent studies suggest a possible link between infant colic and gut microbiota, indicating probiotics to be a promising treatment. however, only a few strains have been tested, and results from randomised controlled trials are conflicting. it is important to clarify whether probiotics are effective for tre ...201425475244
significant reduction in helicobacter pylori load in humans with non-viable lactobacillus reuteri dsm17648: a pilot study.reducing the amount of helicobacter pylori in the stomach by selective bacterial-bacterial cell interaction was sought as an effective and novel method for combating the stomach pathogen. lactobacillus reuteri dsm17648 was identified as a highly specific binding antagonist to h. pylori among more than 700 wild-type strains of lactobacillus species. applying a stringent screening procedure, the strain dsm17648 was identified as selective binder to h. pylori cells under in vivo gastric conditions. ...201425481036
preventive effects of oral probiotic on infantile colic: a prospective, randomised, blinded, controlled trial using lactobacillus reuteri dsm 17938.infants were recruited in four centres in north-west italy. 138 infants were assessed for eligibility, 113 ones underwent randomisation and 105 completed the study. newborns aged less than 10 days of life, with gestational age between 37 and 42 weeks, birth weight from 2,500 to 4,300 g and normal physical examination were recruitable. premature infants and infants affected by outcomes of perinatal hypoxia or necrotising enterocolitis have been excluded. patients were randomly assigned to receive ...201525488262
effects of the probiotic enterococcus faecium ncimb 10415 on selected lactic acid bacteria and enterobacteria in co-culture.enterococcus faecium ncimb 10415 is used as a probiotic for piglets and has been shown to modify the porcine intestinal microbiota. however, the mode of action of this probiotic modification is still unclear. one possible explanation is the direct growth inhibiting or stimulating effect of the probiotic on other indigenous bacteria. therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the growth interactions of the probiotic with different indigenous porcine bacteria in vitro. reference strain ...201525519527
lactobacillus gasseri requires peptides, not proteins or free amino acids, for growth in milk.lactobacillus gasseri is a widespread commensal lactic acid bacterium inhabiting human mucosal niches and has many beneficial effects as a probiotic. however, l. gasseri is difficult to grow in milk, which hurts usability for the food industry. it had been previously reported that supplementation with yeast extract or proteose peptone, including peptides, enables l. gasseri to grow well in milk. in this study, our objective was to confirm peptide requirement of l. gasseri and evaluate efficacy o ...201525529420
the effect of lactobacillus reuteri supplementation in adults with chronic functional constipation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.there is a growing interest for the use of probiotics for chronic constipation. a recent randomized controlled trial (rct) showed a positive effect of lactobacillus reuteri (l. reuteri) on bowel movement frequency in infants with chronic constipation. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of l. reuteri in adult patients with functional constipation.201425531996
genetic determinants of reutericyclin biosynthesis in lactobacillus reuteri.reutericyclin is a unique antimicrobial tetramic acid produced by some strains of lactobacillus reuteri. this study aimed to identify the genetic determinants of reutericyclin biosynthesis. comparisons of the genomes of reutericyclin-producing l. reuteri strains with those of non-reutericyclin-producing strains identified a genomic island of 14 open reading frames (orfs) including genes coding for a nonribosomal peptide synthetase (nrps), a polyketide synthase (pks), homologues of phla, phlb, an ...201525576609
truncation of domain v of the multidomain glucansucrase gtf180 of lactobacillus reuteri 180 heavily impairs its polysaccharide-synthesizing ability.glucansucrases are exclusively found in lactic acid bacteria and synthesize a variety of α-glucans from sucrose. they are large multidomain enzymes belonging to the cazy family 70 of glycoside hydrolase enzymes (gh70). the crystal structure of the n-terminal truncated gtf180 of lactobacillus reuteri 180 (gtf180-δn) revealed that the polypeptide chain follows a u shape course to form five domains, including domains a, b, and c, which resemble those of family gh13 enzymes, and two extra and novel ...201525586581
improved 1,3-propanediol synthesis from glycerol by the robust lactobacillus reuteri strain dsm 20016.various lactobacillus reuteri strains were screened for the ability to convert glycerol to 1,3- propanediol (1,3-pdo) in a glycerol-glucose co-fermentation. only l. reuteri dsm 20016, a well-known probiotic, was able to efficiently carry out this bioconversion. several process strategies were employed to improve this process. co(2+) addition to the fermentation medium, led to a high product titer (46 g/l) of 1,3-pdo and to improved biomass synthesis. l. reuteri dsm 20016 produced also ca. 3 μg/g ...201525588555
are probiotics or prebiotics useful in pediatric irritable bowel syndrome or inflammatory bowel disease?treatment options for irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) and inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) are notoriously either inadequate (ibs) or loaded with potentially serious side effects and risks (ibd). in recent years, a growing interest in effective and safer alternatives has focused on the potential role of probiotics and their metabolic substrates, prebiotics. it is in fact conceivable that the microbiome might be targeted by providing the metabolic fuel needed for the growth and expansion of benefi ...201425593899
efficient poly(3-hydroxypropionate) production from glycerol using lactobacillus reuteri and recombinant escherichia coli harboring l. reuteri propionaldehyde dehydrogenase and chromobacterium sp. pha synthase genes.poly(3-hydroxypropionate), p(3hp), is a polymer combining good biodegradability with favorable material properties. in the present study, a production system for p(3hp) was designed, comprising conversion of glycerol to 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde (3hpa) as equilibrium mixture with 3hpa-hydrate and -dimer in aqueous system (reuterin) using resting cells of native lactobacillus reuteri in a first stage followed by transformation of the 3hpa to p(3hp) using recombinant escherichia coli strain co-expr ...201525600014
prevention of functional gastrointestinal disorders in neonates: clinical and socioeconomic impact.infantile colic, gastro-oesophageal reflux and constipation are the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders (fgids) affecting infants during the first months of life. despite infantile colic, functional constipation and regurgitation had a self-limited pattern, they are considered a risk factor for developing different disorders later in life. the pathophysiology of these functional diseases is still controversial but there is growing evidence that an abnormal gut microbiota colonisati ...201525609653
changes in bile acids, fgf-19 and sterol absorption in response to bile salt hydrolase active l. reuteri ncimb 30242.the size and composition of the circulating bile acid (ba) pool are important factors in regulating the human gut microbiota. disrupted regulation of ba metabolism is implicated in several chronic diseases. bile salt hydrolase (bsh)-active lactobacillus reuteri ncimb 30242, previously shown to decrease ldl-cholesterol and increase circulating ba, was investigated for its dose response effect on ba profile in a pilot clinical study. ten otherwise healthy hypercholesterolemic adults, recruited fro ...201525612224
production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid from 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde by recombinant escherichia coli co-expressing lactobacillus reuteri propanediol utilization enzymes.3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-hp) is an important platform chemical for the biobased chemical industry. lactobacillus reuteri produces 3-hp from glycerol via 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde (3-hpa) through a coa-dependent propanediol utilization (pdu) pathway. this study was performed to verify and evaluate the pathway comprising propionaldehyde dehydrogenase (pdup), phosphotransacylase (pdul), and propionate kinase (pduw) for formation of 3-hp from 3-hpa. the pathway was confirmed using recombinant esche ...201525614245
probiotic and technological properties of lactobacillus spp. strains from the human stomach in the search for potential candidates against gastric microbial dysbiosis.this work characterizes a set of lactobacilli strains isolated from the stomach of healthy humans that might serve as probiotic cultures. ten different strains were recognized by rep-pcr and pfge fingerprinting among 19 isolates from gastric biopsies and stomach juice samples. these strains belonged to five species, lactobacillus gasseri (3), lactobacillus reuteri (2), lactobacillus vaginalis (2), lactobacillus fermentum (2) and lactobacillus casei (1). all ten strains were subjected to a series ...201425642213
probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus gr-1 and lactobacillus reuteri rc-14 exhibit strong antifungal effects against vulvovaginal candidiasis-causing candida glabrata isolates.this study investigates the antagonistic effects of the probiotic strains lactobacillus rhamnosus gr-1 and lactobacillus reuteri rc-14 against vulvovaginal candidiasis (vvc)-causing candida glabrata.201525688886
probiotics and gut health in infants: a preliminary case-control observational study about early treatment with lactobacillus reuteri dsm 17938.we performed this case-control observational study to evaluate the effects of early administration of lactobacillus reuteri dsm 17938 on microbial composition in infants' gastrointestinal tract.201525704298
the effect of orally administered probiotic lactobacillus reuteri-containing tablets in peri-implant mucositis: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.probiotics create a biofilm and protect the oral tissues against the action of periodontal pathogenic bacteria. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the oral probiotic lactobacillus reuteri prodentis upon the peri-implant health of edentulous patients with dental implants and peri-implant mucositis, establishing comparisons vs implants without peri-implant disease.201525712760
one-step high-efficiency crispr/cas9-mediated genome editing in streptomyces.the rna-guided dna editing technology crisprs (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/cas9 had been used to introduce double-stranded breaks into genomes and to direct subsequent site-specific insertions/deletions or the replacement of genetic material in bacteria, such as escherichia coli, streptococcus pneumonia, and lactobacillus reuteri. in this study, we established a high-efficiency crispr/cas9 genome editing plasmid pkccas9do for use in streptomyces genetic manipulatio ...201525739462
clinical and biochemical evaluation of lozenges containing lactobacillus reuteri as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy in chronic periodontitis.this study evaluates the effects on clinical and biochemical parameters of lactobacillus reuteri-containing probiotic supplementation adjunctive to initial periodontal therapy in patients with chronic periodontitis (cp).201525741580
growth and tolerance of term infants fed formula with probiotic lactobacillus reuteri.lactobacillus reuteri has been studied for its safety and beneficial effects in infants. this study assessed growth of infants fed a partially hydrolyzed whey formula with l reuteri.201525758426
probiotic interventions in infantile colic.up until 2014, the use of probiotics in infantile colic has shown promise. however, the past year has seen the publication of controversial results and rigorous debate on whether probiotics are effective in infantile colic. it is time to review the evidence and discuss whether probiotics should be used for infants with colic.201525769063
intestinal microbiota succession and immunomodulatory consequences after introduction of lactobacillus reuteri i5007 in neonatal piglets.seventy-two, suckling piglets, obtained from 9 litters standardized to 8 piglets, were assigned to 1 of 3 treatments (n = 24) to compare short-term, early administration with intermittent, longer-term administration of lactobacillus reuteri i5007. the treatments were a control (given a placebo of 0.1% peptone water from day 1 to 5) or treatments in which 1.7 × 1010 cfu l. reuteri was administrated either daily for 4 days starting on day 1 or every 4th day from day 1 to 17. five piglets per treat ...201525775260
preventive effect of lactobacillus reuteri crl1324 on group b streptococcus vaginal colonization in an experimental mouse model.to assess the preventive effect of different intravaginal (i.va.) doses of lactobacillus reuteri crl1324 against vaginal colonization by group b streptococcus (gbs) in a murine experimental model.201525786121
efficient production of reuterin from glycerol by magnetically immobilized lactobacillus reuteri.reuterin is a compound that contains the monomeric, hydrated monomeric, and cyclic dimeric forms of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde (3-hpa). it is widely used as a food preservative due to its antimicrobial properties, and 3-hpa is also an important precursor for several industrial chemicals. in this study, we first developed an efficient immobilization process involving magnetic cell entrapment for production of reuterin from glycerol by lactobacillus reuteri. the cell growth condition was optimized b ...201525805344
effect of the probiotic bacterium lactobacillus reuteri on white spot lesion development in orthodontic patients.the purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of daily intake of lozenges containing probiotic bacteria on white spot lesion (wsl) formation as well as on salivary lactobacilli (lb) and mutans streptococci (ms) counts, in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances.201625840585
differential metabolism of exopolysaccharides from probiotic lactobacilli by the human gut symbiont bacteroides thetaiotaomicron.probiotic microorganisms are ingested as food or supplements and impart positive health benefits to consumers. previous studies have indicated that probiotics transiently reside in the gastrointestinal tract and, in addition to modulating commensal species diversity, increase the expression of genes for carbohydrate metabolism in resident commensal bacterial species. in this study, it is demonstrated that the human gut commensal species bacteroides thetaiotaomicron efficiently metabolizes fructa ...201525841008
characterization of the effects of three lactobacillus species on the function of chicken macrophages.lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus reuteri and lactobacillus salivarius can influence the adaptive immune responses in chickens but vary in their ability to do so. the present study attempted to identify how these three bacteria alter the innate immune system. a chicken macrophage cell line, mq-ncsu, was co-cultured with the three live lactobacillus species, alone or in combination, grown at different temperatures for various durations of time. late exponential growth phase bacteria were m ...201525847283
effects of lactobacillus johnsonii and lactobacillus reuteri on gut barrier function and heat shock proteins in intestinal porcine epithelial cells.heat shock proteins (hsps) are a set of highly conserved proteins that can serve as intestinal gate keepers in gut homeostasis. here, effects of a probiotic, lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg), and two novel porcine isolates, lactobacillus johnsonii strain p47-hy and lactobacillus reuteri strain p43-huv, on cytoprotective hsp expression and gut barrier function, were investigated in a porcine ipec-j2 intestinal epithelial cell line model. the ipec-j2 cells polarized on a permeable filter exhibited ...201525847917
lactobacillus reuteri glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase functions in adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells.this study was aimed to identify key surface proteins mediating the adhesion of lactobacilli to intestinal epithelial cells. by using caco-2 and ipec-j2 cells labeled with sulfo-nhs-biotin in the western blotting, a protein band of an approximately 37 kda was detected on the surface layer of lactobacillus reuteri strains zj616, zj617, zj621, and zj623 and lactobacillus rhamnosus gg. mass spectrometry analysis using the adhesion-related protein from l. reuteri zj617 showed that it was 100% homolo ...201525867279
effectiveness of lactobacillus reuteri in infantile colic and colicky induced maternal depression: a prospective single blind randomized trial.infant colic, excessive crying of unknown cause, is a major burden to families and effects about 10-30 % of infants. despite decades of research, the exact cause and treatment of infant colic has remained elusive. the use of lactobacillus reuteri (dsm 17938) in infant colic is somewhat controversial and hence, we designed this study to evaluate its efficacy in infantile colic. we recruited predominantly or exclusively breastfed infants, aged less than 4 months in a placebo controlled observation ...201525876529
heterologous expression of a recombinant lactobacillal β-galactosidase in lactobacillus plantarum: effect of different parameters on the sakacin p-based expression system.two overlapping genes lacl and lacm (laclm) encoding for heterodimeric β-galactosidase from lactobacillus reuteri were previously cloned and over-expressed in the food-grade host strain lactobacillus plantarum wcfs1, using the inducible lactobacillal psip expression system. in this study, we analyzed different factors that affect the production of recombinant l. reuteri β-galactosidase.201525880197
lactobacillus reuteri i5007 modulates tight junction protein expression in ipec-j2 cells with lps stimulation and in newborn piglets under normal conditions.tight junctions (tjs) maintain the intestinal mucosal barrier, dysfunction of which plays a vital role in the pathophysiology of a variety of gastrointestinal disorders. previously, we have shown that l. reuteri i5007 maintained the gut epithelial barrier in newborn piglets. here we aimed to decipher the influence of l. reuteri i5007 on tight junction (tj) protein expression both in vivo and in vitro.201525888437
a novel method for screening of potential probiotics for high adhesion capability.to screen for potential probiotics with high adhesion capability, a chemostat model-based cultured human feces and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis methods were applied, and the adhesion capability of the isolates was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. lactobacillus plantarum (hm218749), lactobacillus reuteri (eu547310), and enterococcus faecalis (hm218543) were isolated from the slime on the chemostat wall, as these organisms could grow better at 37°c in an anaerobic environment and could r ...201525912863
oral microbiota shift after 12-week supplementation with lactobacillus reuteri dsm 17938 and pta 5289; a randomized control trial.lactobacillus spp. potentially contribute to health by modulating bacterial biofilm formation, but their effects on the overall oral microbiota remain unclear.201525946126
probiotic supplements and debridement of peri-implant mucositis: a randomized controlled trial.the aim of this double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial was to evaluate the effects of probiotic supplements in adjunct to conventional management of peri-implant mucositis.201625953193
study and use of the probiotic lactobacillus reuteri in pigs: a review.probiotics are living microorganisms that provide a wide variety of health benefits to the host when ingested in adequate amounts. the bacterial strains most frequently used as probiotic agents are lactic acid bacteria, such as lactobacillus reuteri, which is one of the few endogenous lactobacillus species found in the gastrointestinal tract of vertebrates, including humans, rats, pigs and chickens. l. reuteri is one of the most well documented probiotic species and has been widely utilized as a ...201525954504
enhancing vitamin b12 content in soy-yogurt by lactobacillus reuteri.more attention from the aged and vegetarians has been paid to soy-product due to its taste, easy digestibility, as well as the association with health. however, soy-product has a defect of low vitamin content, mainly the water-soluble vitamin b12. this study was to investigate co-fermentation of glycerol and fructose in soy-yogurt to enhance vitamin b12 production by lactobacillus reuteri. after a serial combination experiments, the co-fermentation was confirmed to enhance the production of vita ...201525955289
the production of ω-hydroxy palmitic acid using fatty acid metabolism and cofactor optimization in escherichia coli.hydroxylated fatty acids (hfas) are used as important precursors for bulk and fine chemicals in the chemical industry. here, to overproduce long-chain (c16-c18) fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acid, their biosynthetic pathways including thioesterase (lreu_0335) from lactobacillus reuteri dsm20016, β-hydroxyacyl-acp dehydratase (fabz) from escherichia coli, and a p450 system (i.e., cyp153a from marinobacter aquaeolei vt8 and cama/camb from pseudomonas putida atcc17453) were overexpressed. acyl-coa ...201525957153
analysis of biofilm formation by intestinal lactobacilli.in this study, the biofilm-forming potential of intestinal lactobacillus reuteri strains under different culture conditions was characterized by microtiter plate biofilm assays. moreover, the spatial organization of exogenously applied l. reuteri l2/6 (a pig isolate) at specific locations in gastrointestinal tract of monoassociated mice was investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization. we did not detect biofilm formation by tested strains in nutrient-rich de man-rogosa-sharpe (mrs) medium. ...201525961850
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