Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| the utility of matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) following introduction for routine laboratory bacterial identification. | maldi-tof ms was evaluated prospectively in a diagnostic laboratory. 927 organisms were tested in triplicate; 2351/2781 (85%) species and 2681/2781 (96%) genus identifications were correct. known issues such as the misidentification of α-haemolytic streptococci as streptococcus pneumonia were easily corrected. identifications cost $aud0.45 per isolate and were available in minutes. maldi-tof ms is rapid, accurate and inexpensive. | 2011 | 21632894 |
| practical approach for reliable detection of ampc beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae. | in this prospective study all enterobacteriaceae isolates (n = 2,129) recovered in the clinical microbiology laboratory during october 2009 to april 2010 were analyzed for ampc production. clinical and laboratory standards institute (clsi) cefoxitin and cefotetan susceptibility breakpoints and clsi critical esbl diameters were used to screen for potential ampc producers. in total, 305 isolates (211 potential ampc producers and 94 ampc screen-negative isolates as a control group) were further ana ... | 2011 | 21632895 |
| the burden of invasive early-onset neonatal sepsis in the united states, 2005-2008. | background:: sepsis in the first 3 days of life is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among infants. group b streptococcus (gbs), historically the primary cause of early-onset sepsis (eos), has declined through widespread use of intrapartum chemoprophylaxis. we estimated the national burden of invasive eos cases and deaths in the era of gbs prevention. methods:: population-based surveillance for invasive eos was conducted in 4 of the centers for disease control and prevention's active ba ... | 2011 | 21654548 |
| abscess caused by citrobacter koseri infection: three case reports and a literature review. | in this report, we present 3 cases of abscess caused by citrobacter koseri. all infected patients recovered after initial empirical antibiotic treatment and percutaneous drainage of the abscess. we reviewed the literature and found 9 adult cases of c. koseri abscess. most of these patients recovered after timely antibiotic treatment and drainage. | 2011 | 21673472 |
| Bacterial infection profiles in lung cancer patients with febrile neutropenia. | ABSTRACT: | 2011 | 21707992 |
| structure and function of the d-galactose network in enterobacteria. | galactose is important for the survival and virulence of bacteria. in escherichia coli, galactose is utilized by the leloir pathway, which is controlled by a complex network. to shed light on the potential functions the galactose network could perform, we performed bioinformatical analysis of reference genome sequences belonging to the enterobacteriaceae family. we found that several genomes have reduced numbers of components compared to the e. coli galactose system, suggesting that the network ... | 2011 | 21712421 |
| high prevalence of extended-spectrum {beta}-lactamases and qnr determinants in citrobacter species from japan: dissemination of ctx-m-2. | objectives extended-spectrum +¦-lactamases (esbls) have become a problem among ampc-producing enterobacteriaceae and the emergence of concomitant quinolone resistance in +¦-lactamase-producing isolates poses a global threat. in this study we investigated the prevalence and regional variation of esbls in japanese clinical isolates of citrobacter spp. and analysed plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (pmqr) determinants in esbl-producing citrobacter spp. methods a total of 348 clinical isolates o ... | 2011 | 21733965 |
| expert systems in clinical microbiology. | this review aims to discuss expert systems in general and how they may be used in medicine as a whole and clinical microbiology in particular (with the aid of interpretive reading). it considers rule-based systems, pattern-based systems, and data mining and introduces neural nets. a variety of noncommercial systems is described, and the central role played by the eucast is stressed. the need for expert rules in the environment of reset eucast breakpoints is also questioned. commercial automated ... | 2011 | 21734247 |
| toll-like receptors in health and disease in the brain: mechanisms and therapeutic potential. | the discovery of mammalian tlrs (toll-like receptors), first identified in 1997 based on their homology with drosophila toll, greatly altered our understanding of how the innate immune system recognizes and responds to diverse microbial pathogens. tlrs are evolutionarily conserved type i transmembrane proteins expressed in both immune and non-immune cells, and are typified by n-terminal leucine-rich repeats and a highly conserved c-terminal domain termed the tir [toll/interleukin (il)-1 receptor ... | 2011 | 21745188 |
| multicenter evaluation of a new dna microarray for rapid detection of clinically relevant bla genes from beta-lactam-resistant gram-negative bacteria. | a new commercial low-density microarray which identifies common extended-spectrum β-lactamase plasmid-mediated cephalosporinase genes, as well as carbapenemase (bla(kpc) and bla(ndm)) genes, was evaluated. we tested 207 clinical and reference/collection isolates of the enterobacteriaceae possessing different bla genes. overall, the sensitivity and specificity of the microarray were 100% for the detection of the plasmid-mediated bla(ampc), bla(kpc), and bla(ndm) genes using bla gene sequencing as ... | 2011 | 21746960 |
| rapid concentration and molecular enrichment approach for sensitive detection of escherichia coli/shigella in potable water samples. | in this work, we used a rapid, simple, and efficient concentration and recovery procedure combined with a dna enrichment method (dubbed crename), that we coupled to an escherichia coli/shigella-specific real-time pcr (rtpcr) assay targeting the tuf gene, to sensitively detect e. coli/shigella in water. this integrated method was compared to the usepa culture-based method 1604 on mi agar in terms of analytical specificity, ubiquity, detection limit, and rapidity. none of the 179 non-e. coli/shige ... | 2011 | 21764965 |
| fluoroquinolone-macrolide combination therapy for chronic bacterial prostatitis: retrospective analysis of pathogen eradication rates, inflammatory findings and sexual dysfunction. | we previously demonstrated the safety and efficacy of fluoroquinolone-macrolide combination therapy in category ii chronic bacterial prostatitis (cbp). the aim of this study is to retrospectively compare the microbiological and clinical findings of two treatment schemes for cbp based on the combination of azithromycin (500 mg, thrice-weekly) with a once-daily 500- or 750-mg dose of ciprofloxacin (cipro-500 or cipro-750 cohort, respectively). combined administration of azithromycin (1500 mg week( ... | 2011 | 21765442 |
| citrobacter spp. as a source of qnrb alleles. | qnrb is the most common of the five qnr families and has the greatest number of allelic variants. almost two thirds of the qnrb alleles have been reported in citrobacter spp., and several were shown to be located on the chromosome. in this study pcr was used to investigate the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in 71 clinical isolates belonging to the citrobacter freundii complex. thirty-seven percent contained qnrb alleles, including 7 (qnrb32 to qnrb38) that were novel a ... | 2011 | 21844311 |
| identification of bacteria in blood culture broths using matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization sepsityper™ and time of flight mass spectrometry. | matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) is a novel method for the direct identification of bacteria from blood culture broths. we evaluate for the first time, the performance of the maldi sepsityper™ kit and ms for the identification of bacteria compared to standard phenotypic methods using the manufacturer's specified bacterial identification criteria (spectral scores ≥1.700-1.999 and ≥2.000 indicated identification to genus and species level, ... | 2011 | 21858058 |
| recombination in is26 and tn2 in the evolution of multiresistance regions carrying blactx-m-15 on conjugative incf plasmids from escherichia coli. | ctx-m-15 now appears to be the dominant extended-spectrum β-lactamase worldwide, and a number of different factors may contribute to this success. these include associations between bla(ctx-m-15) and particular plasmids (incf) and/or strains, such as escherichia coli st131, as well as the genetic contexts in which this gene is found. we previously identified bla(ctx-m-15) as the dominant esbl gene in the western sydney area, australia, and found that it was carried mainly on incf or inci1 plasmi ... | 2011 | 21859935 |
| late-onset citrobacter koseri endophthalmitis with suture exposure after secondary intraocular lens implantation. | a 54-year-old male patient was seen in clinic for ocular pain and decreased vision in the right eye with duration of two days. he underwent a cataract operation for his right eye 12 years ago, then a sclera-fixated secondary intraocular implantation and pars plana vitrectomy three years ago due to intraocular lens dislocation. at the initial visit, his visual acuity was restricted to the perception of hand motion. an edematous cornea, cells, flare with hypopyon, and exposed suture material at we ... | 2011 | 21860579 |
| Novel, improved sample preparation for rapid, direct identification from positive blood cultures using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. | Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is widely used for rapid and reliable identification of bacteria and yeast grown on agar plates. Moreover, MALDI-TOF MS also holds promise for bacterial identification from blood culture (BC) broths in hospital laboratories. The most important technical step for the identification of bacteria from positive BCs by MALDI-TOF MS is sample preparation to remove blood cells and host proteins. We present a meth ... | 2011 | 21889611 |
| mrkh, a novel c-di-gmp-dependent transcriptional activator, controls klebsiella pneumoniae biofilm formation by regulating type 3 fimbriae expression. | klebsiella pneumoniae causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly amongst hospitalized individuals. the principle mechanism for pathogenesis in hospital environments involves the formation of biofilms, primarily on implanted medical devices. in this study, we constructed a transposon mutant library in a clinical isolate, k. pneumoniae aj218, to identify the genes and pathways implicated in biofilm formation. three mutants severely defective in biofilm formation contained i ... | 2011 | 21901098 |
| toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2)-tlr9 crosstalk dictates il-12 family cytokine production in microglia. | microglia are the resident mononuclear phagocytes of the cns parenchyma and represent an initial line of defense against invading microorganisms. microglia utilize toll-like receptors (tlrs) for pathogen recognition and tlr2 specifically senses conserved motifs of gram-positive bacteria including lipoproteins, lipoteichoic acids, and peptidoglycan (pgn) leading to cytokine/chemokine production. interestingly, primary microglia derived from tlr2 knockout (ko) mice over-expressed numerous il-12 fa ... | 2012 | 21901759 |
| toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2)-tlr9 crosstalk dictates il-12 family cytokine production in microglia. | microglia are the resident mononuclear phagocytes of the cns parenchyma and represent an initial line of defense against invading microorganisms. microglia utilize toll-like receptors (tlrs) for pathogen recognition and tlr2 specifically senses conserved motifs of gram-positive bacteria including lipoproteins, lipoteichoic acids, and peptidoglycan (pgn) leading to cytokine/chemokine production. interestingly, primary microglia derived from tlr2 knockout (ko) mice over-expressed numerous il-12 fa ... | 2012 | 21901759 |
| the escherichia coli mntr miniregulon includes genes encoding a small protein and an efflux pump required for manganese homeostasis. | manganese is a critical micronutrient for cells, serving as an enzyme cofactor and protecting against oxidative stress. yet, manganese is toxic in excess and little is known about its distribution in cells. bacteria control intracellular manganese levels by the transcription regulator mntr. when this work began, the only escherichia coli k-12 gene known to respond to manganese via mntr repression was mnth, which encodes a manganese importer. we show that mnts (formerly the small rna gene ryba) i ... | 2011 | 21908668 |
| Antibacterial activity of selected medicinal plants against multiple antibiotic resistant uropathogens: a study from Kolli Hills, Tamil Nadu, India. | The increasing incidence of antibiotic resistance among bacterial pathogens necessitates medicinal plants as an alternate therapy in restricting the resistant infectious organisms. In this primitive study, the antibiotic resistance of organisms isolated from urinary tract infected patients was evaluated using the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) method and Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) index values, and the MAR values was also calculated for plant extracts. The ... | 2011 | 21986363 |
| identification of bacteria from the oral cavity and cloaca of snakes imported from vietnam. | reptiles are used for various purposes these days, including public exhibits, medicinal applications, and as laboratory animals. as the international exchange of reptiles has gradually increased, more people have had the opportunity to come in contact with these animals. snakes typically live in the rhizosphere where various bacterial strains exist and as such they can lead to opportunistic human diseases. when snakes are encountered in veterinary medicine, it is necessary to monitor their micro ... | 2011 | 21998610 |
| Detection of Citrobacter koseri carrying beta-lactamase KPC-2 in a hospitalised patient, Greece, July 2011. | This report describes the detection of Citrobacter koseri carrying K. pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC-2) isolated in July 2011 from a Greek patient, who was also colonised by a Klebsiella pneumoniae strain coproducing KPC-2 and Verona integron-encoded metallo-beta-lactamase (VIM)-1. | 2011 | 22008199 |
| integrated analysis of three bacterial conjunctivitis trials of besifloxacin ophthalmic suspension, 0.6%: etiology of bacterial conjunctivitis and antibacterial susceptibility profile. | the purpose of this paper is to report on the bacterial species isolated from patients with bacterial conjunctivitis participating in three clinical trials of besifloxacin ophthalmic suspension, 0.6%, and their in vitro antibacterial susceptibility profiles. | 2011 | 22034556 |
| diversity of extended-spectrum ?-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae on hospital admission. | abstract extended-spectrum ?-lactamase (esbl)-producing enterobacteriaceae have become prevalent in both the hospital and the community. we describe the epidemiology of esbl-producing isolates and patient characteristics at hospital admission. data on clinical properties, medical history, previous hospitalizations, and previous antibiotic treatments were collected. esbl genes (bla(ctx-m), bla(tem), and bla(shv)) were identified by polymerase chain reaction. one hundred and sixteen patients car ... | 2011 | 22066775 |
| use of a commercial pcr-based line blot method for identification of bacterial pathogens and the meca and van genes from bactalert blood culture bottles. | in this study, the pcr-based dna strip assay genotype bc for the identification of bacteria and the resistance genes meca, vana, vanb, vanc1, and vanc2/3 directly from positive bactalert blood culture bottles was evaluated in a multicenter study. of a total of 511 positive blood cultures, correct identification percentages for gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria, and the meca gene were 96.1%, 89.9%, and 92.9%, respectively. results were available 4 h after growth detection. | 2012 | 22075585 |
| the metj regulon in gammaproteobacteria determined by comparative genomics methods. | whole-genome sequencing of bacteria has proceeded at an exponential pace but annotation validation has lagged behind. for instance, the metj regulon, which controls methionine biosynthesis and transport, has been studied almost exclusively in e. coli and salmonella, but homologs of metj exist in a variety of other species. these include some that are pathogenic (e.g. yersinia) and some that are important for environmental remediation (e.g. shewanella) but many of which have not been extensively ... | 2011 | 22082356 |
| The Repeat-In-Toxin (RTX) Family Member TosA Mediates Adherence of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli and Survival during Bacteremia. | Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are responsible for the majority of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTI) and represent the most common bacterial infection in adults. UPEC utilize a wide range of virulence factors to colonize the host, including the novel repeat-in-toxin (RTX) protein TosA, which is specifically expressed in the host urinary tract and contributes significantly to the virulence and survival of UPEC. tosA, found in strains within the B2 phylogenetic subgroup of E. col ... | 2011 | 22083710 |
| cumulative clinical experience from over a decade of use of levofloxacin in urinary tract infections: critical appraisal and role in therapy. | the treatment of urinary tract infections (utis) continues to evolve as common uropathogens increasingly become resistant to previously active antimicrobial agents. in addition, bacterial isolates, which were once considered to be either colonizers or contaminants, have emerged as true pathogens, likely related to the more complex array of settings where health care is now delivered. even though the reliability of many antimicrobial agents has become less predictable, the fluoroquinolone group o ... | 2011 | 22114510 |
| The effects of solid media type on routine identification of bacterial isolates using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. | Background: Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis is a rapid method for the identification of bacteria based upon the comparison of protein profiles. Factors that may alter profiles include culture conditions and presence of exogenous substances and could hinder identification. Methods: Bacterial isolates identified using conventional methods were cultured on various media and identified using the MALDI Biotyper system (Bruker Dalton ... | 2011 | 22162546 |
| a conserved rpos-dependent small rna controls the synthesis of major porin ompd. | a remarkable feature of many small non-coding rnas (srnas) of escherichia coli and salmonella is their accumulation in the stationary phase of bacterial growth. several stress response regulators and sigma factors have been reported to direct the transcription of stationary phase-specific srnas, but a widely conserved srna gene that is controlled by the major stationary phase and stress sigma factor, σ(s) (rpos), has remained elusive. we have studied in salmonella the conserved sdsr srna, previo ... | 2011 | 22180532 |
| a conserved rpos-dependent small rna controls the synthesis of major porin ompd. | a remarkable feature of many small non-coding rnas (srnas) of escherichia coli and salmonella is their accumulation in the stationary phase of bacterial growth. several stress response regulators and sigma factors have been reported to direct the transcription of stationary phase-specific srnas, but a widely conserved srna gene that is controlled by the major stationary phase and stress sigma factor, σ(s) (rpos), has remained elusive. we have studied in salmonella the conserved sdsr srna, previo ... | 2011 | 22180532 |
| complete genome sequence of "enterobacter lignolyticus" scf1. | in an effort to discover anaerobic bacteria capable of lignin degradation, we isolated "enterobacter lignolyticus" scf1 on minimal media with alkali lignin as the sole source of carbon. this organism was isolated anaerobically from tropical forest soils collected from the short cloud forest site in the el yunque national forest in puerto rico, usa, part of the luquillo long-term ecological research station. at this site, the soils experience strong fluctuations in redox potential and are net met ... | 2011 | 22180812 |
| clinical characteristics and prognosis of acute bacterial meningitis in elderly patients over 65: a hospital-based study. | to examine the clinical characteristics of bacterial meningitis in elderly patients. | 2011 | 22204457 |
| cd4 count is associated with postoperative infection in patients with orthopaedic trauma who are hiv positive. | background: since the advent of effective antiretroviral therapy, the number of people with aids has increased and a certain percentage of these patients will require emergent orthopaedic surgery. little is known regarding orthopaedic infections and the association of cd4 counts with postoperative infection in patients with hiv infection who experience orthopaedic trauma. questions/purposes: we questioned whether ... | 2011 | 22207561 |
| cd4 count is associated with postoperative infection in patients with orthopaedic trauma who are hiv positive. | background: since the advent of effective antiretroviral therapy, the number of people with aids has increased and a certain percentage of these patients will require emergent orthopaedic surgery. little is known regarding orthopaedic infections and the association of cd4 counts with postoperative infection in patients with hiv infection who experience orthopaedic trauma. questions/purposes: we questioned whether ... | 2011 | 22207561 |
| prevalence of bacterial pathogens in aseer region, kingdom of saudi arabia: emphasis on antimicrobial susceptibility of staphylococcus aureus. | this short study aims to determine the prevalence of various bacterial pathogens causing infections in the aseer regions, and to also assess the distribution of staphylococcus aureus in relation to different body sites as well as their in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility profile. | 2011 | 22216389 |
| bugs on film: the presence of bacterial rods (citrobacter koseri) on a routine blood film in a septic immunocompromised patient with a femoral vein line. | 2011 | 22234128 | |
| first comprehensive evaluation of the m.i.c. evaluator device for aerobic gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial species compared to etest and clsi broth micro-dilution. | the m.i.c.evaluator™ strip (thermo fisher scientific, basingstoke, uk) uses similar methodology to etest. in this first assessment of the m.i.c.evaluator device, 409 strains of aerobic gram-positive bacteria (staphylococci, streptococci and enterococci) and 325 strains of enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas species and acinetobacter species, were tested by m.i.c.evaluator strip, etest and by broth micro-dilution as a reference standard. the gram-positives included staphylococci (mrsa, mssa and cns), ... | 2012 | 22238441 |
| pcr detection and identification of histamine-forming bacteria in filleted tuna fish samples. | total of 14 filleted yellowfin tuna fish (thunnus albacares) sold in wholesale fish market and supermarkets in milan, italy, were purchased and tested to determine microbial count, histamine level, histamine-forming bacteria, and their ability to produce histamine in culture broth. although histamine level was less than 10 ppm, many samples showed high total viable bacterial and enterobacterial counts that reached dangerous levels after temperature abuse for short periods of time. a pcr assay ta ... | 2012 | 22251187 |
| current trends in culture-based and molecular detection of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-harboring and carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae. | the ever-expanding role of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (esbl)-harboring and carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae in causing serious infections poses a grave public health threat because these organisms also tend to be multidrug resistant, for which very few (if any) antibiotic options remain available. rapid detection of such panresistant organisms offers one of the best solutions to improve patient screening and hospital infection control practices as well as curb inappropriate antibiotic ... | 2012 | 22259207 |
| dual priming oligonucleotides for broad-range amplification of the bacterial 16s rrna gene directly from human clinical specimens. | broad-range amplification and sequencing of the bacterial 16s rrna gene directly from clinical specimens are offered as a diagnostic service in many laboratories. one major pitfall is primer cross-reactivity with human dna which will result in mixed chromatograms. mixed chromatograms will complicate subsequent sequence analysis and impede identification. in sybr green real-time pcr assays, it can also affect crossing threshold values and consequently the status of a specimen as positive or negat ... | 2012 | 22278843 |
| origin and evolution of antibiotic resistance: the common mechanisms of emergence and spread in water bodies. | the environment, and especially freshwater, constitutes a reactor where the evolution and the rise of new resistances occur. in water bodies such as waste water effluents, lakes, and rivers or streams, bacteria from different sources, e.g., urban, industrial, and agricultural waste, probably selected by intensive antibiotic usage, are collected and mixed with environmental species. this may cause two effects on the development of antibiotic resistances: first, the contamination of water by antib ... | 2012 | 22303296 |
| comparison of the microflex lt and vitek ms systems for routine identification of bacteria by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. | this study compared the performance of three matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry systems: microflex lt (bruker daltonics, bremen, germany), vitek ms ruo (axima assurance-saramis database; biomérieux, marcy l'etoile, france), and vitek ms ivd (biomérieux). a total of 1,129 isolates, including 1,003 routine isolates, 73 anaerobes, and 53 bacterial enteropathogens, were tested on the microflex lt and axima assurance devices. the spectra were analyzed using t ... | 2012 | 22322345 |
| clinical evaluation of the role of ceftaroline in the management of community acquired bacterial pneumonia. | ceftaroline fosamil (ceftaroline) was recently approved for the treatment of community- acquired pneumonia (cap) and complicated skin infections. this newly developed cephalosporin possesses a broad spectrum of activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. most importantly, ceftaroline demonstrates potent in vitro antimicrobial activity against multi-drug resistant streptococcus pneumoniae and methicillin-resistant strains of staphylococcus aureus. in two phase iii, double-blinded, ... | 2012 | 22355258 |
| detection of carbapenemase producers in enterobacteriaceae by use of a novel screening medium. | a drigalski agar-based culture medium containing an ertapenem, cloxacillin, and zinc sulfate (supercarba medium) was tested for screening carbapenemase-producing members of the family enterobacteriaceae. oxa-48 (n = 44), ndm (n = 25), vim or imp (n = 27), and kpc producers (n = 18) were detected with a low detection limit. its overall sensitivity (95.6%) was higher than those of the currently available chromid esbl (biomérieux) and chromagar kpc (chromagar) screening media. the supercarba medium ... | 2012 | 22357501 |
| increased iga and igm responses against gut commensals in chronic depression: further evidence for increased bacterial translocation or leaky gut. | recently, we discovered that depression is accompanied by increased igm and iga responses directed against gram negative gut commensals. the aim of this study was to replicate these findings in a larger study group of depressed patients and to examine the associations between the iga and igm responses to gut commensals and staging of depression as well as the fatigue and somatic (f&s) symptoms of depression. | 2012 | 22410503 |
| the promoter architectural landscape of the salmonella phop regulon. | the dna-binding protein phop controls virulence and mg²⁺ homeostasis in the gram-negative pathogen salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. phop regulates expression of a large number of genes that differ both in their ancestry and in the biochemical functions and physiological roles of the encoded products. this suggests that phop-regulated genes are differentially expressed. to understand how a bacterial activator might generate varied gene expression behaviour, we investigated the cis-acting ... | 2012 | 22435712 |
| automated pangenomic analysis in target selection for pcr detection and identification of bacteria by use of ssgenefinder webserver and its application to salmonella enterica serovar typhi. | with the advent of high-throughput dna sequencing, more than 4,000 bacterial genomes have been sequenced and are publicly available. we report a user-friendly web platform, ssgenefinder webserver (http://147.8.74.24/ssgenefinder/), which is updated weekly for the automated pangenomic selection of specific targets for direct pcr detection and the identification of clinically important bacteria without the need of gene sequencing. to apply the ssgenefinder webserver for identifying specific target ... | 2012 | 22442318 |
| globally dispersed mobile drug-resistance genes in gram-negative bacterial isolates from patients with bloodstream infections in a us urban general hospital. | mobile drug-resistance genes with identical nucleic acid sequences carried by multidrug-resistant escherichia coli strains that cause community-acquired infections are becomingly increasingly dispersed worldwide. over a 2-year period, we analysed gram-negative bacterial (gnb) pathogens from the blood of inpatients at an urban public hospital to determine what proportion of these isolates carried such globally dispersed drug-resistance genes. of 376 gnb isolates, 167 (44 %) were escherichia coli, ... | 2012 | 22493279 |
| describing the structural robustness landscape of bacterial small rnas. | the potential role of rna molecules as gene expression regulators has led to a new perspective on the intracellular control and genome organization. because secondary structures are crucial for their regulatory role, we sought to investigate their robustness to mutations and environmental changes. | 2012 | 22500888 |
| regulation and evolution of malonate and propionate catabolism in proteobacteria. | bacteria catabolize malonate via two pathways, encoded by the mdc and mat genes. in various bacteria, transcription of these genes is controlled by the gntr family transcription factors (tfs) matr/mdcy and/or the lysr family transcription factor mdcr. propionate is metabolized via the methylcitrate pathway, comprising enzymes encoded by the prp and acn genes. prpr, the fis family sigma 54-dependent transcription factor, is known to be a transcriptional activator of the prp genes. here, we report ... | 2012 | 22505679 |
| comparative activity of cefepime with several antimicrobials against aerobic gram-negative and gram-positive organisms isolated from patients across canada in 1993. | to compare the activity of cefepime, a fourth-generation cephalosporin, with several available antimicrobials, in vitro susceptibility studies were carried out on bacteria commonly associated with various infections, including sepsis. ten tertiary care hospital laboratories in six provinces provided 1276 clinically relevant isolates of aerobic gram-negative bacilli and gram-positive cocci during 1993. when the activity of each of the antimicrobials was determined against all isolates submitted, ... | 1995 | 22514408 |
| characterization of a novel chaperone/usher fimbrial operon present on kpgi-5, a methionine trna gene-associated genomic island in klebsiella pneumoniae. | several strain-specific klebsiella pneumoniae virulence determinants have been described, though these have almost exclusively been linked with hypervirulent liver abscess-associated strains. through pcr interrogation of integration hotspots, chromosome walking, island-tagging and fosmid-based marker rescue we captured and sequenced kpgi-5, a novel genomic island integrated into the met56 trna gene of k. pneumoniae kr116, a bloodstream isolate from a patient with pneumonia and neutropenic sepsis ... | 2012 | 22520965 |
| citrobacter brain abscesses in neonates: early surgical intervention and review of the literature. | citrobacter koseri, a facultatively anaerobic, lactose-fermenting, gram-negative bacilli, has a strong propensity to form cerebral abscesses. c. koseri brain abscesses can be a devastating disease of infancy and childhood with more than 30% succumbing to the disease and more than 50% suffering severe neurological deficits. | 2012 | 22526440 |
| modified hodge test: a simple and effective test for detection of carbapenemase production. | resistance among bacterial isolates is the leading cause of increased mortality and morbidity worldwide. carbapenems once thought to be effective are becoming ineffective mostly due to the emergence of carbapenemase. this study was designed to determine in vitro efficacy of modified hodge test for detection of carbapenemase production in gram negative rods. | 2011 | 22530087 |
| domiciliary cockroaches found in restaurants in five zones of kuala lumpur federal territory, peninsular malaysia. | the following domiciliary cockroaches were collected from restaurants in five zones of kuala lumpur federal territory, malaysia using 1l glass beaker traps baited with ground mouse-pellets: periplaneta americana (linnaeus) (n = 820), periplaneta brunnea burmeister (n = 46), blattella germanica (linnaeus) (n = 12504), supella longipalpa (fabricius) (n = 321), symploce pallens stephens (n = 29) and neostylopyga rhombifolia (stoll) (n = 5). the following bacteria were isolated from 10 cockroach spe ... | 2012 | 22543619 |
| performances of the vitek ms matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry system for rapid identification of bacteria in routine clinical microbiology. | rapid and cost-effective matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms)-based systems will replace conventional phenotypic methods for routine identification of bacteria. we report here the first evaluation of the new maldi-tof ms-based vitek ms system in a large clinical microbiology laboratory. this system uses an original spectrum classifier algorithm and a specific database designed for the identification of clinically relevant species. we have te ... | 2012 | 22593596 |
| upper respiratory tract colonization by gram-negative rods in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: analysis of risk factors. | the aim of the study was to assess the frequency and predisposing factors of colonization of upper respiratory tract by gram-negative rods (gnrs) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (cll) patients. antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolated strains was determined. a significantly higher frequency of gnr colonization in cll patients was observed (36.7%) in comparison to healthy volunteers (8.3%). gnr isolates mainly belonged to the enterobacteriaceae family. three isolates of gnr demonstrating pres ... | 2012 | 22606052 |
| pretransplant fecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae and infection after liver transplant, france. | extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae isolates (esble) are emerging pathogens that confer resistance to antimicrobial drugs. we conducted a 10-year study in france (january 2001-april 2010) to investigate the incidence of and risk factors for esble infections after liver transplant. of 710 transplant patients screened preoperatively for esble fecal carriage, 5.5% had esble infection develop within 4 months after surgery; patients with pretransplant esble fecal carriage were ... | 2012 | 22607885 |
| rectal screening for klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases: comparison of real-time pcr and culture using two selective screening agar plates. | klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases (kpcs) have recently been described in chicago, il, especially among residents of long-term acute care hospitals (ltachs). these patients are frequently transferred to local chicago hospitals for higher acuity of medical care, and rapid detection and isolation of kpc-colonized ltach residents may interrupt the introduction of kpcs into acute care hospitals. we evaluated the performance of a real-time pcr for bla(kpc) from enrichment broth versus direct platin ... | 2012 | 22622443 |
| the novel kasugamycin 2'-n-acetyltransferase gene aac(2')-iia, carried by the incp island, confers kasugamycin resistance to rice-pathogenic bacteria. | kasugamycin (ksm), a unique aminoglycoside antibiotic, has been used in agriculture for many years to control not only rice blast caused by the fungus magnaporthe grisea but also rice bacterial grain and seedling rot or rice bacterial brown stripe caused by burkholderia glumae or acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae, respectively. since both bacterial pathogens are seed-borne and cause serious injury to rice seedlings, the emergence of ksm-resistant b. glumae and a. avenae isolates highlights the urg ... | 2012 | 22660700 |
| gfp-tagged multimetal-tolerant bacteria and their detection in the rhizosphere of white mustard. | the introduction of rhizobacteria that tolerate heavy metals is a promising approach to support plants involved in phytoextraction and phytostabilisation. in this study, soil of a metal-mine wasteland was analyzed for the presence of metal-tolerant bacterial isolates, and the tolerance patterns of the isolated strains for a number of heavy metals and antibiotics were compared. several of the multimetal-tolerant strains were tagged with a broad host range reporter plasmid (i.e. pprobe-nt) bearing ... | 2011 | 22661921 |
| gfp-tagged multimetal-tolerant bacteria and their detection in the rhizosphere of white mustard. | the introduction of rhizobacteria that tolerate heavy metals is a promising approach to support plants involved in phytoextraction and phytostabilisation. in this study, soil of a metal-mine wasteland was analyzed for the presence of metal-tolerant bacterial isolates, and the tolerance patterns of the isolated strains for a number of heavy metals and antibiotics were compared. several of the multimetal-tolerant strains were tagged with a broad host range reporter plasmid (i.e. pprobe-nt) bearing ... | 2011 | 22661921 |
| sepsis, meningitis and cerebral abscesses caused by citrobacter koseri. | after a 36-week diamniotic dichorionic gestation, an infant was delivered by elective caesarean section due to growth restriction and altered diastolic flow in the umbilical artery. birth weight was 2140 g. the patient was admitted for exclusive parenteral nutrition, with umbilical venous catheter placement. sinus tachycardia and temperature instability with positive inflammatory markers occurred at 51 h. penicillin and gentamicin were started, but 6 h later septic shock with disseminated intrav ... | 2012 | 22665908 |
| epidemiology and genetics of ctx-m extended-spectrum β-lactamases in gram-negative bacteria. | ctx-m enzymes, the plasmid-mediated cefotaximases, constitute a rapidly growing family of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (esbls) with significant clinical impact. ctx-ms are found in at least 26 bacterial species, particularly in escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae and proteus mirabilis. at least 109 members in ctx-m family are identified and can be divided into seven clusters based on their phylogeny. ctx-m-15 and ctx-m-14 are the most dominant variants. chromosome-encoded intrinsic cefotax ... | 2012 | 22697133 |
| epidemiology and genetics of ctx-m extended-spectrum β-lactamases in gram-negative bacteria. | ctx-m enzymes, the plasmid-mediated cefotaximases, constitute a rapidly growing family of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (esbls) with significant clinical impact. ctx-ms are found in at least 26 bacterial species, particularly in escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae and proteus mirabilis. at least 109 members in ctx-m family are identified and can be divided into seven clusters based on their phylogeny. ctx-m-15 and ctx-m-14 are the most dominant variants. chromosome-encoded intrinsic cefotax ... | 2012 | 22697133 |
| risk factors for small bowel bacterial overgrowth and diagnostic yield of duodenal aspirates in children with intestinal failure: a retrospective review. | children with intestinal failure (if) are at risk for small bowel bacterial overgrowth (sbbo) because of anatomical and other factors. we sought to identify risk factors for sbbo confirmed by quantitative duodenal culture. | 2012 | 22703785 |
| identification and characterization of cronobacter iron acquisition systems. | cronobacter spp. are emerging pathogens that cause severe infantile meningitis, septicemia, or necrotizing enterocolitis. contaminated powdered infant formula has been implicated as the source of cronobacter spp. in most cases, but questions still remain regarding the natural habitat and virulence potential for each strain. the iron acquisition systems in 231 cronobacter strains isolated from different sources were identified and characterized. all cronobacter spp. have both the feo and efe syst ... | 2012 | 22706064 |
| n-acetylgalactosamine utilization pathway and regulon in proteobacteria: genomic reconstruction and experimental characterization in shewanella. | we used a comparative genomics approach to reconstruct the n-acetyl-d-galactosamine (galnac) and galactosamine (galn) utilization pathways and transcriptional regulons in proteobacteria. the reconstructed galnac/galn utilization pathways include multiple novel genes with specific functional roles. most of the pathway variations were attributed to the amino sugar transport, phosphorylation, and deacetylation steps, whereas the downstream catabolic enzymes in the pathway were largely conserved. th ... | 2012 | 22711537 |
| ecological adaptation in bacteria: speciation driven by codon selection. | in bacteria, physiological change may be effected by a single gene acquisition, producing ecological differentiation without genetic isolation. natural selection acting on such differences can reduce the frequency of genotypes that arise from recombination at these loci. however, gene acquisition can only account for recombination interference in the fraction of the genome that is tightly linked to the integration site. to identify additional loci that contribute to adaptive differences, we exam ... | 2012 | 22740635 |
| in vitro comparison of nitrofurazone- and silver alloy-coated foley catheters for contact-dependent and diffusible inhibition of urinary tract infection-associated microorganisms. | two marketed antimicrobial-coated foley catheters were compared for in vitro diffusible and contact-dependent inhibition of 11 urinary tract infection-associated microorganisms in an adherence-biofilm assay. nitrofurazone-coated catheters significantly outperformed silver alloy-coated catheters for inhibitory activity, according to both inoculum broth and catheter sonicate counts, whether compared directly or against the corresponding control catheters. although inhibition waned with catheter pr ... | 2012 | 22751541 |
| accessibility and conservation: general features of bacterial small rna-mrna interactions? | bacterial small rnas (srnas) are a class of structural rnas that often regulate mrna targets via post-transcriptional base pair interactions. we determined features that discriminate functional from non-functional interactions and assessed the influence of these features on genome-wide target predictions. for this purpose, we compiled a set of 71 experimentally verified srna-target pairs from escherichia coli and salmonella enterica. furthermore, we collected full-length 5' untranslated regions ... | 2012 | 22767260 |
| antibiotic and heavy metal resistance in bacteria isolated from the eastern mediterranean sea coast. | in this study it aimed to determine the microbial diversity, level of antibiotic resistance patterns and distribution of heavy metal resistance of bacterial isolates from the eastern mediterranean sea coast. the resistance of 255 gram-negative bacterial isolates to 16 different antibiotics and to 5 heavy metals was investigated. the most common strains isolated from all samples were citrobacter koseri (9.0%), escherichia coli (8.2%) and pantoea agglomerans (8.2%). our results revealed a high inc ... | 2012 | 22772881 |
| multiple transcription-activating sequences regulate the rsmz regulatory small rna of pseudomonas brassicacearum. | the muts-rpos region is known to be a highly polymorphic segment of the chromosome owing to horizontal gene transfer and evolutionary processes. in pseudomonas, muts-fdxa-rsmz-rpos organization is highly conserved, as well as the promoter region of the rsmz small rna (srna)-encoding gene. one exception to this conservation is in pseudomonas brassicacearum, where a 308-nucleotide (nt) sequence, predicted to form a hairpin structure in single-stranded dna (ssdna), is inserted between the rpos and ... | 2012 | 22773788 |
| diversity of the cronobacter genus as revealed by multilocus sequence typing. | cronobacter (previously known as enterobacter sakazakii) is a diverse bacterial genus consisting of seven species: c. sakazakii, c. malonaticus, c. turicensis, c. universalis, c. muytjensii, c. dublinensis, and c. condimenti. in this study, we have used a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) approach employing the alleles of 7 genes (atpd, fusa, glns, gltb, gyrb, infb, and ppsa; total length, 3,036 bp) to investigate the phylogenetic relationship of 325 cronobacter species isolates. strains were ch ... | 2012 | 22785185 |
| high prevalence of qnr and aac(6')-ib-cr genes in both water-borne environmental bacteria and clinical isolates of citrobacter freundii in china. | we investigated the prevalence of qnr and aac(6')-ib-cr genes in water-borne environmental bacteria and in clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae, as well as the subtypes of qnr. environmental bacteria were isolated from surface water samples obtained from 10 different locations in hangzhou city, and clinical isolates of citrobacter freundii were isolated from several hospitals in four cities in china. qnra, qnrb, qnrs, and aac(6')-ib-cr genes were screened using pcr, and the genotypes were ana ... | 2011 | 22791048 |
| high prevalence of qnr and aac(6')-ib-cr genes in both water-borne environmental bacteria and clinical isolates of citrobacter freundii in china. | we investigated the prevalence of qnr and aac(6')-ib-cr genes in water-borne environmental bacteria and in clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae, as well as the subtypes of qnr. environmental bacteria were isolated from surface water samples obtained from 10 different locations in hangzhou city, and clinical isolates of citrobacter freundii were isolated from several hospitals in four cities in china. qnra, qnrb, qnrs, and aac(6')-ib-cr genes were screened using pcr, and the genotypes were ana ... | 2011 | 22791048 |
| characterization and purification of a bacteriocin from lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei bmk2005, an intestinal isolate active against multidrug-resistant pathogens. | a strain of lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei bmk2005 isolated from healthy infant faeces has shown a remarkable antibacterial activity against 32 bacterial pathogenic strains of human clinical isolates. among them, 13 strains belonging to species of escherichia coli, citrobacter freundii, citrobacter diversus, klebsiella oxytoca, enterobacter cloacae and pseudomonas aeruginosa were resistant to cefotaxime (ctx) and ceftazidime (caz), and 4 strains of staphylococcus aureus were resistant ... | 2011 | 22805936 |
| evaluation of a therapeutic vaccine for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections versus prophylactic treatment with antibiotics. | urinary tract infections (utis) are considered the most common bacterial infections, especially in women. the objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the sublingual bacterial vaccine uromune® in order to prevent recurrent utis (rutis). | 2012 | 22806485 |
| evaluation of a therapeutic vaccine for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections versus prophylactic treatment with antibiotics. | urinary tract infections (utis) are considered the most common bacterial infections, especially in women. the objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the sublingual bacterial vaccine uromune® in order to prevent recurrent utis (rutis). | 2012 | 22806485 |
| complete genome sequence of the b12-producing shimwellia blattae strain dsm 4481, isolated from a cockroach. | here we announce the complete genome sequence of the coenzyme b(12)-producing enteric bacterium shimwellia blattae (formerly escherichia blattae). the genome consists of a single chromosome (4,158,636 bp). the genome size is smaller than that of most other enteric bacteria. genome comparison revealed significant differences from the escherichia coli genome. | 2012 | 22843577 |
| prospective evaluation of a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry system in a hospital clinical microbiology laboratory for identification of bacteria and yeasts: a bench-by-bench study for assessing the impact on time to identification and cost-effectiveness. | matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) has been found to be an accurate, rapid, and inexpensive method for the identification of bacteria and yeasts. previous evaluations have compared the accuracy, time to identification, and costs of the maldi-tof ms method against standard identification systems or commercial panels. in this prospective study, we compared a protocol incorporating maldi-tof ms (maldi protocol) with the current standard ident ... | 2012 | 22855510 |
| promiscuous cross-seeding between bacterial amyloids promotes interspecies biofilms. | amyloids are highly aggregated proteinaceous fibers historically associated with neurodegenerative conditions including alzheimers, parkinsons, and prion-based encephalopathies. polymerization of amyloidogenic proteins into ordered fibers can be accelerated by preformed amyloid aggregates derived from the same protein in a process called seeding. seeding of disease-associated amyloids and prions is highly specific and cross-seeding is usually limited or prevented. here we describe the first stud ... | 2012 | 22891247 |
| impact of inappropriate empiric antimicrobial therapy on mortality of septic patients with bacteremia: a retrospective study. | background. inappropriate empiric antimicrobials could be a major cause of unfavorable mortality rates in co-morbid patients. this study aimed to assess the prevalence and impact of first-dose and 24-hour inappropriate antimicrobials on mortality rates of bacteremic septic patients. methods. a retrospective cohort study was employed. case record forms of patients diagnosed as sepsis, severe sepsis, or septic shock with positive hemoculture during 2009 were retrieved from the medical wards, sirir ... | 2012 | 22919379 |
| reciprocal control between a bacterium's regulatory system and the modification status of its lipopolysaccharide. | gram-negative bacteria often modify their lipopolysaccharide (lps), thereby increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents and avoidance of the host immune system. however, it is unclear how bacteria adjust the levels and activities of lps-modifying enzymes in response to the modification status of their lps. we now address this question by investigating the major regulator of lps modifications in salmonella enterica. we report that the pmra/pmrb system controls expression of a membrane peptide t ... | 2012 | 22921935 |
| integrated next-generation sequencing of 16s rdna and metaproteomics differentiate the healthy urine microbiome from asymptomatic bacteriuria in neuropathic bladder associated with spinal cord injury. | clinical dogma is that healthy urine is sterile and the presence of bacteria with an inflammatory response is indicative of urinary tract infection (uti). asymptomatic bacteriuria (abu) represents the state in which bacteria are present but the inflammatory response is negligible. differentiating abu from uti is diagnostically challenging, but critical because overtreatment of abu can perpetuate antimicrobial resistance while undertreatment of uti can result in increased morbidity and mortality. ... | 2012 | 22929533 |
| [investigation of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants in enterobacteriaceae: a multicenter study]. | fluoroquinolones which are in use since 1986, are effective agents both against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. quinolones show bactericidal effect as a result of inhibition of dna gyrase and topoisomerase iv enzymes. main quinolone resistance mechanisms are chromosomal mutations in these enzymes and decreased intracellular accumulation due to efflux pumps or decreased membrane uptake. recently a new quinolone resistance mechanism mediated by plasmids has been defined. these plasmids c ... | 2012 | 22951649 |
| high load of multi-drug resistant nosocomial neonatal pathogens carried by cockroaches in a neonatal intensive care unit at tikur anbessa specialized hospital, addis ababa, ethiopia. | 2012 | 22958880 | |
| production of organic acids by probiotic lactobacilli can be used to reduce pathogen load in poultry. | probiotic lactobacillus can be used to reduce the colonization of pathogenic bacteria in food animals, and therefore reduce the risk of foodborne illness to consumers. as a model system, we examined the mechanism of protection conferred by lactobacillus species to inhibit c. jejuni growth in vitro and reduce colonization in broiler chickens. possible mechanisms for the reduction of pathogens by lactobacilli include: 1) stimulation of adaptive immunity; 2) alteration of the cecal microbiome; and, ... | 2012 | 22962594 |
| diversity, stability and resilience of the human gut microbiota. | trillions of microbes inhabit the human intestine, forming a complex ecological community that influences normal physiology and susceptibility to disease through its collective metabolic activities and host interactions. understanding the factors that underlie changes in the composition and function of the gut microbiota will aid in the design of therapies that target it. this goal is formidable. the gut microbiota is immensely diverse, varies between individuals and can fluctuate over time - es ... | 2012 | 22972295 |
| multidrug-resistance and toxic metal tolerance of medically important bacteria isolated from an aquaculture system. | the use of antimicrobials and toxic metals should be considered carefully in aquaculture and surrounding environments. we aimed to evaluate medically relevant bacteria in an aquaculture system and their susceptibility to antimicrobials and toxic metals. selective cultures for enterobacteria (ent), non-fermenting gram-negative rods (nfr) and gram-positive cocci (gpc) were obtained from water samples collected in two different year seasons. the isolated bacteria were biochemically identified and a ... | 2012 | 22972388 |
| investigation into the physiologies of aeromonas veronii in vitro and inside the digestive tract of the medicinal leech using rna-seq. | host-associated microbial communities are widespread in nature and vital to the health and fitness of the host. deciphering the physiology of the microbiome in vivo is critical to understanding the molecular basis of the symbiosis. recently, the development and application of high-throughput sequencing techniques, particularly rna-seq, for studying microbial communities has enabled researchers to address not only which microbes are present in a given community but also how the community function ... | 2012 | 22983040 |
| fluoroquinolone resistance among gram-negative urinary tract pathogens: global smart program results, 2009-2010. | to determine the rates of fluoroquinolone resistant (fqr) in gram-negative bacilli urinary tract infections (utis) in a global population. | 2012 | 23002406 |
| culture-dependent and -independent investigations of microbial diversity on urinary catheters. | catheter-associated urinary tract infection is caused by bacteria, which ascend the catheter along its external or internal surface to the bladder and subsequently develop into biofilms on the catheter and uroepithelium. antibiotic-treated bacteria and bacteria residing in biofilm can be difficult to culture. in this study we used culture-based and 16s rrna gene-based culture-independent methods (fingerprinting, cloning, and pyrosequencing) to determine the microbial diversity of biofilms on 24 ... | 2012 | 23015674 |
| a universal method for the identification of bacteria based on general pcr primers. | the universal method (um) described here will allow the detection of any bacterial rdna leading to the identification of that bacterium. the method should allow prompt and accurate identification of bacteria. the principle of the method is simple; when a pure pcr product of the 16s gene is obtained, sequenced, and aligned against bacterial dna data base, then the bacterium can be identified. confirmation of identity may follow. in this work, several general 16s primers were designed, mixed and a ... | 2011 | 23024404 |
| comparative genomics of cytr, an unusual member of the laci family of transcription factors. | cytr is a transcription regulator from the laci family, present in some gamma-proteobacteria including escherichia coli and known not only for its cellular role, control of transport and utilization of nucleosides, but for a number of unusual structural properties. the present study addressed three related problems: structure of cytr-binding sites and motifs, their evolutionary conservation, and identification of new members of the cytr regulon. while the majority of cytr-binding sites are imper ... | 2012 | 23028500 |
| a connecter-like factor, caca, links rssb/rpos and the cpxr/cpxa two-component system in salmonella. | bacteria integrate numerous environmental stimuli when generating cellular responses. increasing numbers of examples describe how one two-component system (tcs) responds to signals detected by the sensor of another tcs. however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain poorly defined. | 2012 | 23031642 |
| use of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat sequence polymorphisms for specific detection of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli strains of serotypes o26:h11, o45:h2, o103:h2, o111:h8, o121:h19, o145:h28, and o157:h7 by real-time pcr. | we explored the genetic diversity of the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (crispr) regions of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) to design simplex real-time pcr assays for each of the seven most important ehec serotypes worldwide. a panel of 958 e. coli strains investigated for their crispr loci by high-throughput real-time pcr showed that crispr polymorphisms in e. coli strongly correlated with both o:h serotypes and the presence of ehec virulence factors (stx and ... | 2012 | 23035199 |