Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| amoxycillin-clavulanic acid combination in bronchopulmonary infection due to beta-lactamase-producing branhamella catarrhalis. preliminary report. | since 1978 we have taken an interest in lower respiratory tract infections associated with branhamella catarrhalis in christchurch, new zealand. in a preliminary trial, 20 patients with bronchopulmonary infection caused by beta-lactamase-producing b. catarrhalis were treated with a combination tablet of amoxycillin 500 mg and clavulanic acid 125 mg ('augmentin') 3 times daily for 5 days. sputum cultures were negative for b. catarrhalis within 3 days in all patients. two of 7 patients whose sputu ... | 1986 | 3525087 |
| a randomized controlled trial of amoxicillin plus clavulanate compared with cefaclor for treatment of acute otitis media. | we performed a randomized controlled trial of amoxicillin plus clavulanate versus cefaclor for treatment of acute otitis media. total daily doses given in three divided doses were 40 mg/kg amoxicillin plus 10 mg/kg clavulanate, and 40 mg/kg cefaclor. pathogens were eradicated from the middle ear exudate after 3 to 6 days of therapy in 35 (97%) of 36 patients given amoxicillin-clavulanate compared with 24 (75%) of 32 given cefaclor (p = 0.028). when analysis was restricted to patients with positi ... | 1986 | 3534203 |
| clinical evaluation of the vitek neisseria-haemophilus identification card. | a clinical evaluation of the vitek neisseria-haemophilus identification (nhi) card (vitek systems, inc., hazelwood, mo.) was performed with 480 clinical isolates and stock strains of neisseria spp., haemophilus spp., and other fastidious microorganisms included in the data base of the system. identifications obtained with the nhi card were compared with those determined by conventional methods. the card identified 83.2% of 244 neisseria spp. and branhamella catarrhalis, 54.9% of 164 haemophilus ... | 1987 | 3539996 |
| the iga subclass responses of human lymphocytes to b-cell activators. | the induction of iga synthesis in normal peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured in the presence of 5 different b-cell activators was studied by immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies to the two subclasses. the surface phenotype of normal cells after overnight culture in the absence of mitogen showed a mean ratio iga1:iga2 of 2.7:1; cells with cytoplasmic iga were very rare. results obtained on different donors after stimulation showed considerable variation; iga1 was the predominant subcl ... | 1986 | 3542813 |
| the increasing importance of branhamella catarrhalis in respiratory infections. | 1987 | 3547295 | |
| clinical interpretation of beta-lactamase-producing strains of branhamella catarrhalis in sputum gram's stain and culture. | branhamella catarrhalis has been implicated previously as a cause of bronchopulmonary infections. sputum gram's stain and culture results suggesting significant infection with beta-lactamase-producing strains of b. catarrhalis were correlated with a retrospective chart review of eight pediatric and ten adult patients. preexisting pulmonary disease was observed in 12 patients; 5 had a history of aspiration; and 13 were intubated. clinically, ten patients had pneumonia, five had bronchitis, and th ... | 1987 | 3548321 |
| efficacy and safety of oral ciprofloxacin in the treatment of serious respiratory infections. | fifty-two patients with serious respiratory infections were treated with orally administered ciprofloxacin; 42 patients were evaluable for the efficacy analysis and all were evaluable for determining adverse reactions. cures were achieved in 24 patients with infections (14 with bronchitis, 10 with pneumonia) caused by hemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, or branhamella catarrhalis, and pathogens were rapidly eradicated from respiratory secretions. seventeen patients had infections (s ... | 1987 | 3555037 |
| branhamella catarrhalis peritonitis in a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patient. | 1987 | 3561626 | |
| branhamella catarrhalis keratitis. | branhamella catarrhalis, formerly known as neisseria catarrhalis, has structural similarities to neisseria gonorrhoeae, but is generally considered to be nonpathogenic. we studied the clinical and laboratory data of four previously reported cases and six additional cases of b. catarrhalis keratitis. all patients had a predisposing ocular or systemic condition, or both. there were various clinical characteristics, but in most cases the infiltrate occurred in the central or paracentral cornea. a p ... | 1987 | 3565517 |
| branhamella catarrhalis infection imitating gonorrhea in a man. | 1987 | 3574393 | |
| acute bacterial exacerbations in bronchitis and asthma. | symptomatic exacerbations are frequent problems in the management of chronic bronchitis and bronchial asthma. identification of a bacterial etiology as the cause of specific exacerbations should be based on changes in clinical symptoms and documentation of significant bronchial bacterial flora and a neutrophilic inflammatory response. most acute bacterial exacerbations in patients with bronchitis or asthma are caused by hemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, or branhamella catarrhalis. ... | 1987 | 3578322 |
| bacterial infections in adult patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) and aids-related complex. | sixty-four episodes of bacterial infection were identified over a 44-month period in 16 of 28 patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) and 14 of 31 patients with aids-related complex. nineteen of the 30 infected patients were parenteral drug abusers, 10 were from caribbean islands and had no identified risk factor, and one was a homosexual male. fourteen patients had 21 episodes of community-acquired pneumonia: streptococcus pneumoniae (10), haemophilus influenzae (three), ot ... | 1987 | 3578359 |
| three methods for detecting synergy between sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim against branhamella catarrhalis. | 1987 | 3583976 | |
| [susceptibility of bacteria isolated from the patients with lower respiratory tract infections to antibiotics (1984)]. | bacterial isolates from patients with pulmonary infections have been collected over the last 4 years in collaboration with investigators at 14 hospitals in various parts of japan to study isolation frequency of pathogens from patients and drug susceptibilities of these isolates. possible causative pathogens mainly isolated from sputum of patients with lower respiratory tract infections were collected during a period from september 1984 to march 1985. we first determined types of respiratory dise ... | 1987 | 3586339 |
| [importance of diagnosing infections caused by branhamella catarrhalis]. | 1987 | 3586765 | |
| pediatric gastroenteritis in primary care and in hospitalized patients. | one-hundred and fifty-seven consecutive children below seven years of age (primary care n = 48, hospitalized patients n = 109) with acute gastroenteritis of assumed infectious origin were studied. rotavirus was demonstrated by electron microscopy of faeces in 44% of all patients. the occurrence of rotavirus among patients in primary care, 15%, was significantly lower than among hospitalized patients, 57% (p less than 0.01). adenovirus was isolated in six per cent and enterovirus in two per cent ... | 1987 | 3589234 |
| comparative in vitro activity of the new oral cephalosporin bmy-28100. | using a broth microdilution method, the in vitro activity of bmy-28100 against 365 clinical strains of commonly isolated bacteria was determined. bmy-28100 showed good activity against streptococci, methicillin-susceptible staphylococci, salmonella spp., shigella spp., and beta-lactamase producing branhamella catarrhalis and haemophilus influenzae. against susceptible strains of these organisms, bmy-28100 showed activity comparable to that of penicillin g, ampicillin, co-trimoxazole, erythromyci ... | 1987 | 3595580 |
| [refractory respiratory tract infections. 9. chemotherapy of recent respiratory tract infections. a. branhamella catarrhalis infection]. | 1987 | 3599486 | |
| therapeutic failure due to branhamella catarrhalis in pneumoccal pneumonia. | 1987 | 3608615 | |
| [smoking and lower respiratory tract infection]. | cigarette smoking exerts deleterious effects not only on the respiratory tract, but also on the lung's parenchyma. the fev is reduced in heavy chronic smokers. persistent smoking has an unfavourable influence on mucociliary activity. according to the results of recent research almost 8 million people in the u.s. were suffering from chronic bronchitis in 1981. there is a direct correlation between the number of cigarettes smoked, over what period of time, and the incidence of chronic bronchitis. ... | 1987 | 3610332 |
| pneumonia associated with branhamella catarrhalis in infants. | 1987 | 3615071 | |
| bacterial tracheitis caused by branhamella catarrhalis. | 1987 | 3615072 | |
| relapse of acute purulent otitis media: antibiotic sensitivities of nasopharyngeal pathogens. | the present investigation was conducted to find out if a relapse of acute purulent otitis media is associated with a decreased sensitivity of nasopharyngeal pathogens to commonly used antimicrobial agents. all but one of 63 children with relapse included in this study yielded one or more of the classical middle ear pathogens (streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, s. pyogenes) in their nasopharynx (nph) secretions. s. pneumoniae was the predominating isolate f ... | 1987 | 3616495 |
| a note on hydrolysis of tributyrin by branhamella and neisseria. | sixty-three strains of branhamella and neisseria were tested by two methods for their ability to hydrolyse glycerol tributyrate. after the conventional plate test, gas liquid chromatographical (glc) analysis of the agar medium was carried out to detect the hydrolysis product, butyric acid, and other volatile fatty acids. all strains of branhamella catarrhalis, neisseria caviae, n. cuniculi and n. ovis but no other neisseria spp. gave positive results with the conventional test. with glc, however ... | 1987 | 3624107 |
| effect of inoculum size on results of macrotube broth dilution susceptibility tests with branhamella catarrhalis. | the effect of inoculum size on the results of macrotube broth dilution mics was assessed with 15 strains of branhamella catarrhalis versus 22 antimicrobial agents. the study isolates included five beta-lactamase-negative strains, five strains that produced beta-lactamase and for which ampicillin mics were high, and five beta-lactamase-producing strains for which ampicillin mics were low. an inoculum effect was observed only with strains in the last group when tested versus the following antimicr ... | 1987 | 3624453 |
| [bacteriological study of acute otitis media in children. therapeutic consequences]. | one hundred children presenting with acute otitis media underwent a bacteriological study of otitis exudate over a 18 month period. the bacteria found were as follows: streptococcus pneumoniae (24), haemophilus influenzae (19), staphylococcus aureus (12), streptococcus pyogenes (7), branhamella catarrhalis (3), and 18 gram negative bacilli (including 7 pseudomonas aeruginosa and 11 enterobacteriaceae). one pathogenic bacterium was isolated in 56 cases, 2 or more in 12 cases and none in 32 cases. ... | 1987 | 3650065 |
| in vitro susceptibility of upper respiratory tract pathogens to 13 oral antimicrobial agents. | an in vitro comparison of the activities of 13 oral antimicrobial agents against clinical isolates of bacteria commonly responsible for causing upper respiratory tract infections was performed. with regard to haemophilus influenzae, beta-lactamase-negative strains were susceptible to amoxycillin, augmentin, cefaclor, erythromycin, trimethoprim, cotrimoxazole and tetracycline, with cl 284,635 being the most active agent. with the exception of amoxycillin these drugs were also active against beta- ... | 1987 | 3660122 |
| in vitro activity of a new broad spectrum, beta-lactamase-stable oral cephalosporin, cefixime. | cefixime is a new orally absorbed iminomethoxy, aminothiazolyl cephalosporin. it inhibits the majority, 90%, of streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes, branhamella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis and neisseria gonorrhoeae at concentrations less than or equal to 0.25 micrograms/ml. it inhibits 90% of the other members of the enterobacteriaceae at concentrations less than 1 microgram/ml, with the exception of some strains of ... | 1987 | 3696836 |
| bacteriologic and clinical efficacy of cefixime compared with amoxicillin in acute otitis media. | the ability of cefixime or amoxicillin to eradicate causative pathogens was evaluated in 140 infants and children with acute otitis media with effusion. when pretherapy and on-therapy bacteriologic cultures were used, success was defined as elimination of pathogens regardless of clinical improvement. parent compliance with administration instructions was closely monitored. cefixime was administered daily or twice daily and because results on the two dosage regimens did not differ, data were comb ... | 1987 | 3696839 |
| microbial flora of the eyes of cattle. | the bacteria and mycoplasma occurring in the eyes of normal healthy calves were monitored in three groups of animals from purchase at about one week old to slaughter at about 15 months old. non-haemolytic moraxella bovis, branhamella catarrhalis and mycoplasma bovoculi were all isolated regularly, though their seasonal occurrence varied. the significance of these findings with respect to infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis is discussed. | 1986 | 3716161 |
| branhamella catarrhalis: significance in pulmonary infections and bacteriological features. | a three-month survey revealed 29 patients at our hospital with symptoms of acute pulmonary infection, from whom branhamella catarrhalis was isolated from lower respiratory tract specimens, in 18 cases in pure culture. approximately 2% of all respiratory tract specimens examined during the period yielded growth of b. catarrhalis. all except one patient suffered from chronic pulmonary disease, notably chronic bronchitis. a phenotypic comparison was made between 55 strains of b. catarrhalis, of whi ... | 1986 | 3728028 |
| symposium on branhamella catarrhalis. brockham park, surrey, 17-18 october, 1985. | 1986 | 3732079 | |
| bronchopulmonary infection due to b. catarrhalis. clinical features and therapeutic response. | a study was made of the clinical features and therapeutic response of 144 patients from whose sputum branhamella catarrhalis was isolated. typically, features of bronchopulmonary infection with cough productive of moderate amounts of purulent sputum, fever and dyspnoea were present. of 74 patients who were infected in the community, 50 required hospital admission. nosocomial infection occurred in the remaining 70 patients. most patients had chronic pulmonary diseases or carcinoma bronchus; pneum ... | 1986 | 3732080 |
| otitis media and sinusitis in children. role of branhamella catarrhalis. | otitis media and sinusitis are among the most common diseases of childhood and various treatment approaches have been advocated. this review focuses on current experience in pittsburgh, both in terms of our methods of patient management and the changing aetiology of the underlying diseases. special reference is made to the role played by branhamella catarrhalis and the emergence of beta-lactamase-producing strains. results from recently completed clinical trials would suggest that antibacterial ... | 1986 | 3732081 |
| identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of branhamella catarrhalis in united states laboratories, 1983-1985. | 1986 | 3732082 | |
| serological identification of branhamella catarrhalis. serological evidence for infection. | a protein antigen--p-antigen--characteristic of branhamella catarrhalis has been described. precipitating antibodies against this antigen occur in a majority of healthy human sera; serological evidence for a pathogenic role of b. catarrhalis is accumulating. the occurrence of complement-fixing antibodies has been demonstrated during bronchopulmonary infection with b. catarrhalis and in maxillary sinusitis. increases in antibody titres assessed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) tech ... | 1986 | 3732083 |
| branhamella catarrhalis respiratory infections in the netherlands. | in the southern netherlands, branhamella catarrhalis can be cultured from sputum in more than 20% of patients with purulent lower respiratory tract infections and approximately 40% of strains produce beta-lactamase. with increasing resistance to co-trimoxazole (10%) and erythromycin (6%) this produces many treatment problems, particularly in general practice. recent results in the treatment of b. catarrhalis respiratory infections with newer antimicrobial agents and new combinations of beta-lact ... | 1986 | 3732084 |
| branhamella catarrhalis as an indirect pathogen. | in 7 patients with bronchopulmonary infections, treatment with penicillin antibiotics failed to eradicate haemophilus influenzae or streptococcus pneumoniae which were sensitive to the antibiotic used. the sputum of these patients contained both the pathogen and beta-lactamase-producing branhamella catarrhalis. no antibacterial activity was detectable in sputum samples obtained from patients receiving a penicillin antibiotic. this suggests that b. catarrhalis can act as an indirect pathogen, pro ... | 1986 | 3732085 |
| ly164846 in vitro antimicrobial activity testing, including disk diffusion susceptibility tests using 30-microgram disks. | a new oral cephalosporin, ly164846 (eli lilly & co., indianapolis, ind.), was found to have a unique antimicrobial spectrum confined to methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus spp., streptococci (except enterococcus spp.), haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, and some anaerobes. cephalothin in vitro tests (30-microgram disks or dilution) can represent ly164846 for laboratory testing if comparable interpretive breakpoints are applied to strains within the spectrum of ly164846. organism ... | 1986 | 3755018 |
| defined medium for moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis. | a defined medium for growth of 24 strains of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis was devised. this medium (medium b4) contains sodium lactate as a partial carbon source, proline as both a partial carbon source and a partial nitrogen source, aspartate as a partial nitrogen source, and the growth factors arginine, glycine, and methionine. either aspartate, glutamate, or proline could serve as sole nitrogen source, but growth occurred at a significantly better rate if proline was present together w ... | 1986 | 3767360 |
| moraxella catarrhalis: antibiotic susceptibility with special reference to trimethoprim. | 1986 | 3771428 | |
| doxycycline in respiratory infections: a re-assessment after 17 years. | seventeen years after a previous study of doxycycline in acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, a similar investigation was repeated. forty patients with bacteriologically proven infections were given 100 mg doxycycline twice daily (by mouth) for ten days. the clinical results in branhamella catarrhalis infections were excellent as were those with streptococcus pneumoniae, but one patient developed septicaemia with a resistant pneumococcus while under therapy. treatment was unsucces ... | 1986 | 3771434 |
| [adherence of branhamella catarrhalis to human pharyngeal cells: relation between adherence in vitro and chronic respiratory infections]. | 1986 | 3773367 | |
| branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia in patients with immunoglobulin abnormalities. | the importance of branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia has only recently been appreciated. predisposing underlying illness associated with this organism have not yet been clarified. we report five cases of branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia occurring in patients with diseases associated with documented quantitative immunoglobulin deficiencies. normal immunoglobulins appear to be important host defense mechanisms in preventing infection with this organism. | 1986 | 3775462 |
| in vitro activities of ro 19-5247 and ro 15-8074, new oral cephalosporins. | the in vitro activities of two new oral cephalosporins, ro 19-5247 and ro 15-8074, were compared with the in vitro activities of cefuroxime, cefaclor, amoxicillin-clavulanate, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz), and doxycycline against a variety of bacterial species. mic50s (mics required to inhibit 50% of strains) of ro 19-5247 were less than or equal to 0.13 micrograms/ml for streptococci (except streptococcus faecalis) and haemophilus influenzae; 0.25 to 2 micrograms/ml for most strains ... | 1986 | 3777906 |
| [branhamella catarrhalis respiratory tract infections]. | 1986 | 3795526 | |
| efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin in patients with respiratory infections in comparison with amoxycillin. | ciprofloxacin and amoxycillin were compared in the treatment of respiratory infections (pneumonia, acute bronchitis, exacerbation of chronic lung disease) in a study of 48 patients randomly assigned to ten days treatment with standard doses of either drug. forty-eight patients were evaluated, 26 in the ciprofloxacin group and 22 in the amoxycillin group. the response to therapy was judged by clinical and bacteriological criteria. ciprofloxacin was as effective as amoxycillin with a successful ou ... | 1986 | 3804901 |
| lower respiratory tract infection due to branhamella catarrhalis, two case reports. | we describe two cases of lower respiratory tract infection due to branhamella catarrhalis in elderly patients. the diagnosis was confirmed by isolation of the organism from the sputa in pure growth and also by response to treatment with appropriate antibiotics. both patients had predisposing factors: one had chronic bronchial asthma and was also on corticosteroids during the illness and the other had chronic obstructive lung disease. previously reported cases are reviewed. | 1986 | 3810847 |
| the aetiology of pneumonia. application of bacterial serology and basic laboratory methods. | the aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia was studied by use of new bacterial and established viral serological methods besides blood culture in 162 patients. evidence for a specific aetiology was obtained in 79 patients (49.4%). the pneumococcus was the most common aetiological agent, identified in 25.6% of cases. other bacteria, haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, neisseria meningitidis and chlamydia spp. were demonstrated in 23.5%, mycoplasma pneumonia in 1.2% and viruses in ... | 1987 | 3819455 |
| [branhamella catarrhalis in neonatal pulmonary infectious pathology]. | bronchopulmonary infections has been described for the most part in adults. orl and upper respiratory tract infections are encountered in children. in neonates, only conjunctivitis have been reported. in their report, the authors describes the first cases of bronchopulmonary infections due to branhamella catarrhalis in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome. three cases are described in which this bacteria has been isolated in bronchial secretions and in the culture of the nasotrac ... | 1985 | 3831902 |
| treatment of pneumonia with imipenem/cilastatin. | this pilot study assessed the efficacy, safety and tolerance of intravenously administered imipenem/cilastatin in the treatment of adults hospitalised with community acquired pneumonia. thirteen patients were treated with 500 mg imipenem and 500 mg cilastatin eight hourly for a minimum of five days. eleven patients (85%) had a clinical cure; (legionella pneumophila was the pathogen in four, streptococcus pneumoniae in one, branhamella catarrhalis in one, no pathogen identified in five). one pati ... | 1985 | 3859775 |
| [septicemia caused by branhamella (neisseria) catarrhalis in an immunosuppressed patient]. | a case is reported of branhamella catarrhalis septicemia occurring during the aplastic phase of treatment for acute myeloblastic leukemia. skin lesions were observed which are ordinarily seen in chronic gonococcal or meningococcal septicemia. the pathogenic role of this agent, which is normally considered nonaggressive, is discussed. | 1985 | 3863245 |
| pefloxacin in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | forty-three patients admitted to hospital with acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis were treated with 400 mg pefloxacin twice daily for ten days. the first 20 patients were given the first dose of the drug as a 60 min intravenous infusion. serum and sputum concentrations of pefloxacin were measured microbiologically at intervals on the first treatment day and the sputum was cultured before, during, and after the course of pefloxacin. two patients died from unrelated causes during t ... | 1985 | 3863811 |
| the effect of cefaclor on the nasopharyngeal flora in children with chronic ome. | about 80% of children with chronic ome carry respiratory pathogens in the nasopharynx, with a remarkably stable spectrum and frequency. in a randomized clinical trial the nasopharyngeal flora was determined in 45 untreated cases and in 32 cases treated with cefaclor (kefolor), 20 mg/kg body weight b.i.d. for 10 days. compared to the untreated children, the treated group showed a significantly decreased frequency of streptococcus pneumoniae and branhamella catarrhalis, and a reduced number of cul ... | 1985 | 3865492 |
| in-vitro activity of ofloxacin, a quinolone carboxylic acid compared to other quinolones and other antimicrobial agents. | ofloxacin is a new quinolone carboxylic acid compound. its activity against 900 bacterial isolates was determined. it inhibited 90% of escherichia coli, klebsiella sp., aeromonas hydrophila, salmonella spp., shigella spp., citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., morganella morganii, proteus mirabilis, yersinia enterocolitica at less than or equal to 0.8 mg/l. branhamella catarrhalis, haemophilus sp., neisseria sp. were inhibited by less than or equal to 0.1 mg/l. pseudomonas aeruginosa and other ps ... | 1985 | 3865923 |
| prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing bacteria in chronic suppurative otitis media. | aspiration of the exudate through open perforation was performed in 48 children with chronic suppurative otitis media. eighty-two aerobic and 93 anaerobic isolates were recovered. aerobic bacteria only were involved in 22 patients (46%), and anaerobic organisms only were involved in five patients (10%). mixed aerobic and anaerobic isolates were recovered from 21 patients (44%). the most common bacteria isolated were bacteroides melaninogenicus group (40% of patients), pseudomonas aeruginosa (29% ... | 1985 | 3872063 |
| characterization of the plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase in branhamella catarrhalis, with special reference to substrate affinity. | the plasmid-mediated branhamella catarrhalis beta-lactamase bro-1, also found in moraxella nonliquefaciens, was characterized as regards substrate profile, isoelectric point and relative substrate affinity index (rsai) to various substrates and compared in these aspects with the tem-1 enzyme of haemophilus influenzae. as measured by a biological assay and with high performance liquid chromatography (hplc), bro-1 was found to hydrolyse carbenicillin, mecillinam, methicillin and cefaclor with a hi ... | 1985 | 3872294 |
| a perspective on the present contribution of beta-lactamases to bacterial resistance with particular reference to induction of beta-lactamase and its clinical significance. | resistance of bacteria to beta-lactam antibiotics has become a serious problem in the past several decades. virtually all staphylococcus aureus, many haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, many enterobacteriaceae, many pseudomonas aeruginosa and bacteroides species possess beta-lactamases which hydrolyze to varying degree penems, penams, carbapenems, cephems, cephamycins and monobactams. the most common plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase is the so-called tem beta-la ... | 1985 | 3872725 |
| in vitro susceptibilities of isolates from patients with branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia compared with those of colonizing strains. | branhamella catarrhalis has recently been recognized as an opportunistic respiratory pathogen. we tested 10 isolates recovered from patients with documented b. catarrhalis pneumonia and 15 colonizing isolates for their susceptibility to 19 antimicrobial agents and for their ability to produce beta-lactamase. eight of ten disease isolates and 12 of 15 colonizing isolates produced a detectable beta-lactamase. the isolates that were negative for beta-lactamase were susceptible to all agents tested, ... | 1985 | 3873899 |
| in vitro susceptibilities and beta-lactamase production of 53 clinical isolates of branhamella catarrhalis. | we tested 53 clinical isolates of branhamella catarrhalis recovered from patients with respiratory symptoms to determine the susceptibility of the isolates to 25 antimicrobial agents, including the newer beta-lactam antibiotics. of the 53 strains, 46 (86.7%) were beta-lactamase producers. all the strains were susceptible to the majority of the new penicillins and cephalosporins. the combinations of amoxacillin-clavulanic acid and ticarcillin-clavulanic acid were also very active against the beta ... | 1985 | 3873905 |
| branhamella catarrhalis in acute otitis media. | a total of 5217 middle ear fluid (mef) samples obtained from 1203 children with otitis media, aged 3 months to 6 years, were studied for the presence of branhamella catarrhalis (br) between oct. 1977 and sept. 1981. br grew in 10.2% of 3497 mefs of acute otitis media (aom), with almost the same frequency in the very first and subsequent attacks. during the first 4 years of life the percentage did not vary much; among older children it seemed to decrease. the overall prevalence of br in aom did n ... | 1985 | 3874516 |
| amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections caused by beta-lactamase-positive haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis. | twenty-one adult patients hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infections due to branhamella catarrhalis or haemophilus influenzae or both were treated with the combination of oral amoxicillin and potassium clavulanate (augmentin) in an open, noncomparative clinical trial. diseases included pneumonia, empyema, and exacerbations of bronchiectasis and chronic lung disease. thirteen of 16 b. catarrhalis and six of nine h. influenzae isolates were beta-lactamase positive. the patients with b. c ... | 1985 | 3875310 |
| bacteremia caused by a beta-lactamase producing strain of branhamella catarrhalis. a case report. | a case of branhamella catarrhalis bacteremia without known infectious focus in a granulocytopenic patient is reported. there were no unusual clinical features of bacteremia, such as purpura, in this case which distinguished it from bacteremia due to other bacteria. the isolated strain was beta-lactamase producing. the patient recovered uneventfully on antibiotics; at the same time, however, the bone marrow was also normalized. | 1985 | 3876684 |
| antibacterial activity of ticarcillin in the presence of clavulanate potassium. | the antibacterial effects produced by ticarcillin disodium plus clavulanate potassium, a combination of the broad-spectrum penicillin ticarcillin, and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid as the potassium salt, have been measured in vitro and in experimental infection studies. the presence of clavulanic acid resulted in a significant enhancement of the activity of ticarcillin against a wide range of beta-lactamase-producing bacteria. these included ticarcillin-resistant strains of escher ... | 1985 | 3878080 |
| microbiology of recently treated acute otitis media compared with previously untreated acute otitis media. | isolates were obtained from 169 middle ear aspirates of 148 children with recently treated acute otitis media (rtom) and from 123 aspirates of 84 children with previously untreated acute otitis media (uom). in rtom streptococcus pneumoniae and group a streptococcus (p less than 0.02) were recovered less frequently whereas staphylococcus aureus (p less than 0.001) and haemophilus influenzae (p less than 0.02) were recovered more frequently than in uom. patients with rtom had more beta-lactamase-p ... | 1985 | 3878501 |
| branhamella catarrhalis, a respiratory tract pathogen. | branhamella catarrhalis, formerly regarded as an oropharyngeal commensal, has more recently been implicated as an opportunistic pathogen in the respiratory tract. this report describes the isolation of b. catarrhalis from two consecutive samples of empyema fluid and also from sputum in thirteen cases of lower respiratory tract disease, where the isolate was considered to be etiologically significant. the antibiotic therapy required to treat such infections is discussed. | 1985 | 3879171 |
| multiresistance plasmid from commensal neisseria strains. | antibiotic-resistant commensal strains of neisseria spp. and branhamella catarrhalis were isolated from throat cultures, on the basis of their capacity to grow in the presence of penicillin, streptomycin, or sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. several strains, which belonged to different species of neisseria, were resistant to beta-lactams, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, and trimethoprim, harbored a 6.0-megadalton plasmid with identical hinfi restriction patterns, and produced beta-lactamase and str ... | 1985 | 3885843 |
| evaluation of the rim-n, gonochek ii, and phadebact systems for the identification of pathogenic neisseria spp. and branhamella catarrhalis. | methods for identifying neisseria spp. include conventional and modified carbohydrate degradation procedures, chromogenic enzyme substrate tests, and immunologic coagglutination tests for neisseria gonorrhoeae. in this study, we evaluated the abilities of the rim-n carbohydrate degradation system (american microscan, campbell, calif.), the gonochek ii enzymatic identification system (du pont co., wilmington, del.), and the phadebact gonococcus coagglutination test (pharmacia diagnostics, piscata ... | 1985 | 3889044 |
| evaluation of a rapid identification method for neisseria spp. | a comparison was made of carbohydrate degradation reactions of neisseria gonorrhoeae, neisseria meningitidis, neisseria lactamica, neisseria mucosa, neisseria sicca, neisseria subflava, and branhamella catarrhalis in a rapid (0.5- to 1-h) identification micromethod (rim-n kit; austin biological laboratories, inc., austin, tex.) and in a serum-free agar slanted medium (72 h). reactions after 1 h in the rim-n system agreed completely with those after 72 h in the conventional system. | 1985 | 3891778 |
| evaluation of a one-hour test for the identification of neisseria species. | this study presents an evaluation of the rim-n kit (austin biological laboratories, inc., austin, tex.), a commercial system for rapid identification of neisseria spp. and branhamella catarrhalis. the system was compared with the cystine-trypticase (bbl microbiology systems, cockeysville, md.) agar method; 218 isolates were tested by each method. there was 96% agreement between the two methods, and only nine discrepancies were encountered. the results suggest that the rim-n kit may provide a rap ... | 1985 | 3897266 |
| infection and branhamella catarrhalis. | of the gram-negative cocci found in the nasopharynx to which any pathogenic status can be attributed, neisseria meningitidis and neisseria (branhamella) catarrhalis have gained significant notoriety. traditionally, b. catarrhalis is regarded as a nasopharyngeal commensal and thus there is, in general, considerable reluctance to accept that b. catarrhalis may be a pathogen when it is seen. hence, it is under-reported or totally ignored though there is more awareness regarding its pathogenic poten ... | 1985 | 3904854 |
| contribution of beta-lactamases to bacterial resistance and mechanisms to inhibit beta-lactamases. | resistance of bacteria to beta-lactam antibiotics has become a serious problem in the past several decades. virtually all staphylococcus aureus, and many hemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, enterobacteriaceae, and bacteroides species possess beta-lactamases that hydrolyze penicillins and cephalosporins. the most common plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase is the tem enzyme (richmond-sykes type iiia), which is present in hemophilus, neisseria, and enterobacteriaceae. ... | 1985 | 3907341 |
| update on antimicrobial therapy for otitis media and sinusitis in children. | acute otitis media and chronic otitis media with effusion are generally caused in children by the bacteria found in the nasopharynx. in growing numbers of young patients, beta-lactamase-producing strains of branhamella catarrhalis and staphylococcus aureus have recently emerged as causative organisms. the antimicrobial agent selected for treatment should be effective against whatever pathogens have been associated with failures of symptomatic treatment in the community. acute or chronic sinusiti ... | 1985 | 3912121 |
| evaluation of gonogen coagglutination test for serodiagnosis of neisseria gonorrhoeae: identification of problem isolates by auxotyping, serotyping, and with a fluorescent antibody reagent. | gonogen (micro-media systems, potomac, md) is a commercially available coagglutination test for the identification of neisseria gonorrhoeae. we tested 84 strains of neisseria spp. and branhamella catarrhalis, including 50 clinical isolates of n. gonorrhoeae. eighty-six percent (51/59) of n. gonorrhoeae, including 86% (43/50) of clinical isolates of n. gonorrhoeae, were identified correctly in the gonogen test. in contrast, all n. gonorrhoeae isolates reacted with a fluorescent antibody research ... | 1985 | 3917886 |
| inefficacy of penicillin v in acute laryngitis in adults. evaluation from results of double-blind study. | patients with acute laryngitis following an upper respiratory tract infection are often treated with antibiotics for their voice complaints, although, to our knowledge, the effect of such therapy has not been examined. in the present study, comprising 100 adults with laryngitis, the rate of resolution of vocal symptoms, as estimated from voice recordings or subjectively by the patients, was the same in patients who received penicillin v (pcv) as in those who received placebo. similarly, the degr ... | 1985 | 3918495 |
| evaluation of the rim system and gono gen test for identification of neisseria gonorrhoeae from clinical specimens. | rim-n (austin biological laboratories) and gono gen (micro media systems) were evaluated for accuracy and compared with conventional carbohydrate degradation tests for identification of neisseria gonorrhoeae. a total of 127 fresh clinical isolates of n. gonorrhoeae were tested; 118 (93%) were identified by rim-n, and 100 (79%) yielded positive reactions with gono gen. seventy nongonococcal isolates including other neisseria species, branhamella catarrhalis, kingella kingae, and moraxella species ... | 1985 | 3919991 |
| development of bactericidal antibody during branhamella catarrhalis infection. | the recent observation that branhamella catarrhalis may cause a variety of infections in humans has stimulated interest in human host defenses against this organism. we encountered 21 patients with b. catarrhalis infection: seven with pneumonia, 13 with a purulent exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, and one with purulent sinusitis. normal human serum (nhs) demonstrated no bactericidal activity against 20 of the 21 isolates. in contrast, 7 of 19 acute and 18 of 20 convalescent sera demonstrated s ... | 1985 | 3921623 |
| aztreonam in patients with acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis: failure to prevent emergence of pneumococcal infections. | a group of 36 patients, all requiring hospital admission because of acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, were treated with 1 or 2 g intramuscular injections of aztreonam for ten days. patients with streptococcus pneumoniae infections were excluded from the study. sputum cultures before treatment revealed the other usual respiratory pathogens but repeat cultures on days 3, 10 and 17 sometimes yielded str. pneumoniae, occasionally combined with haemophilus influenzae or branhamella ... | 1985 | 3922936 |
| comparative evaluation of five commercial systems for the rapid identification of pathogenic neisseria species. | prompt diagnosis and effective treatment of urogenital gonococcal infections require rapid isolation and identification of neisseria gonorrhoeae from urogenital specimens. we evaluated a new, rapid (30-min) test called gonochek ii (e-y laboratories, san mateo, calif.) which utilizes chromogenic substrates for the identification of pathogenic neisseria species. it was compared with the api neident (analytab products, inc., plainview, n.y.), minitek (bbl microbiology systems, cockeysville, md.), a ... | 1985 | 3926813 |
| the in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of cefpirome (hr 810), a pyridine cephalosporin agent active against staphylococci, enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa. | the in vitro activity of cefpirome, a new cyclopyridinium cephalosporin, was evaluated against 947 aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. cefpirome inhibited 90% of escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., citrobacter diversus, morganella morganii, proteus vulgaris, proteus mirabilis, aeromonas spp., salmonella spp., shigella spp. and haemophilus and neisseria species at less than or equal to 0.4 mg/l. it had activity comparable to that of cefotaxime, ceftizoxime, ceftazidime, aztreonam, and moxalactam again ... | 1985 | 3928497 |
| production of 14c-labeled gas in bactec neisseria differentiation kits by neisseria cinerea. | six strains of neisseria cinerea were tested in bactec neisseria differentiation kits (johnston laboratories, inc., towson, md.), and all yielded positive glucose growth indices and negative maltose and fructose growth indices. these results were similar to those achieved with neisseria gonorrhoeae. however, most of the n. cinerea isolates tested yielded 3-h glucose growth indices that were lower than those obtained with gonococci. 14c-labeled gas was produced significantly faster (p less than 0 ... | 1985 | 3930562 |
| phenoxymethylpenicillin and therapeutic failure in acute otitis media. | the aim of the present investigation was to determine to what extent beta-lactamase producing haemophilus influenzae (h.i.) and branhamella catarrhalis (b.c.) were isolated in cases of failure of treatment of acute otitis media (aom) with phenoxymethylpenicillin. among children with suspected therapeutic failure referred to an ent specialist altogether 11, 15% of those referred, fulfilled the criteria of aom. three of them were on erythromycin, 1 on ampicillin and 7 on phenoxymethylpenicillin. i ... | 1985 | 3937232 |
| genetic relationships among neisseria species assessed by comparative enzyme electrophoresis. | the electrophoretic mobilities of 12 enzymes from 19 neisseria species (including 6 strains of n. perflava), gemella haemolysans, escherichia coli and branhamella catarrhalis were characterized by polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis. all strains and species tested exhibited qualitatively different zymogram patterns. species and strain relationships were quantified by pairwise comparisons of all 12 enzyme systems to obtain similarity indices; these data were subjected to numerical clustering ... | 1985 | 3937889 |
| distribution of an antigenically related iron-regulated protein among the neisseria spp. | several iron-regulated proteins of neisseria gonorrhoeae have been reported. one of these, a 37,000-molecular-weight protein (37k protein), appears to be common to all gonococcal isolates. recently, the occurrence of a similar protein has also been noted in n. meningitidis. the gonococcal 37k protein has been purified and used to produce both rabbit monospecific antiserum and murine monoclonal antibodies. using these antibody reagents, we analyzed 57 strains from nine species of neisseria and th ... | 1986 | 3941006 |
| pseudogonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum caused by branhamella catarrhalis. | 1986 | 3945559 | |
| branhamella catarrhalis as a lower respiratory tract pathogen in patients with chronic lung disease. | to determine the possible role of branhamella (formerly neisseria) catarrhalis as a respiratory pathogen, we screened quality sputa (defined by cellular criteria) that showed numerous gram-negative cocci on gram's stain for the presence of b catarrhalis. in an eight-month period, 52 isolates of b catarrhalis were identified in adults attending a hospital for chest diseases. during this period b catarrhalis was the third most common potential pathogen isolated from sputa. twenty-two patients (42% ... | 1986 | 3963981 |
| branhamella catarrhalis bacteraemia and immunosuppression--part of a larger problem? | attention is drawn to the striking association between bacteraemia due to branhamella catarrhalis and immunosuppression and evidence is cited suggesting a special relationship between this and other neisseria of intermediate virulence and systemic disease in the immunologically compromised. | 1985 | 3967473 |
| unsuspected bacteremia caused by branhamella catarrhalis. | 1985 | 3969356 | |
| severe respiratory infection with branhamella catarrhalis in an african child. | a pure growth of branhamella catarrhalis was obtained from a purulent bronchial exudate in a 28-month-old rwandese girl, hospitalized for acute inspiratory dyspnoea with fever. the outcome was favourable under treatment with ampicillin, although the isolate was shown to produce a beta-lactamase in vitro. | 1985 | 3987730 |
| [meningitis caused by branhamella catarrhalis]. | 1985 | 3990179 | |
| ph and incubation atmosphere influence erythromycin activity against branhamella catarrhalis. | 1985 | 4008390 | |
| urinary tract infection caused by branhamella catarrhalis. | 1985 | 4008967 | |
| neonatal pneumonia caused by branhamella catarrhalis. | a 15-day-old, prematurely born male infant with bronchopneumonia caused by branhamella catarrhalis is reported. one case of ophthalmia neonatorum was the only report found of b. catarrhalis infections in neonates when the literature was reviewed. | 1985 | 4023636 |
| branhamella catarrhalis endocarditis in a patient receiving hemodialysis. | while branhamella catarrhalis is now recognized as an important pathogen, this is only the fifth reported case of endocarditis caused by it. the production of beta-lactamase by many strains and its resistance to vancomycin and clindamycin complicate the choice of antibiotic therapy. | 1985 | 4023776 |
| in vitro activity of temocillin against clinical isolates. | the minimum inhibitory concentrations of temocillin against more than 1000 clinical isolates were determined by an agar dilution method. temocillin showed excellent activity against haemophilus influenzae, pathogenic neisseria species and branhamella catarrhalis, including beta-lactamase producing strains, but showed very low activity or was inactive against gram-positive cocci and campylobacter, bacteroides, acinetobacter and pseudomonas species. good activity was obtained against 702 enterobac ... | 1985 | 4029009 |
| comparative treatment trial of augmentin versus cefaclor for acute otitis media with effusion. | a total of 150 children with acute otitis media were randomly allocated to treatment with amoxicillin-potassium clavulanate (augmentin) or with cefaclor. each drug was given in a daily dosage of approximately 40 mg/kg in three divided doses for ten days. tympanocentesis done before treatment yielded specimens that contained pneumococcus or haemophilus sp or both in 67% of specimens. viridans group streptococci were isolated from 10% of specimens and branhamella catarrhalis from 6%. patients were ... | 1985 | 4039433 |
| branhamella catarrhalis sepsis. | 1985 | 4047969 | |
| the pharmacokinetic and bactericidal characteristics of oral cefixime. | the pharmacokinetics of cefixime (fk 027), a broad-spectrum cephalosporin, were assessed in 12 normal subjects after single oral doses of 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg. mean peak serum concentrations were 1.02, 1.46, 2.63, and 3.85 micrograms/ml after the four respective doses. respective mean serum levels at 12 hours were 0.16, 0.33, 0.72, and 1.13 micrograms/ml. volumes of distribution averaged 0.1 l/kg body weight, and the elimination t1/2 was 3 hours for all doses. the auc was 7.01, 11.4, 22.5, a ... | 1985 | 4053491 |
| lower respiratory tract infection. | the most important lower respiratory infection is pneumonia, the fourth leading cause of death. most cases of bronchitis are of viral etiology and are not major problems. empyema can present an important problem in management. although the diagnosis of pneumonia is usually relatively straightforward, the specific etiologic diagnosis remains a major problem. availability of empyema fluid or a positive blood culture result can be helpful in making the etiologic diagnosis, but these are unavailable ... | 1985 | 4073097 |
| differentiation of neisseria gonorrhoeae from other neisseria species by use of the restriction endonuclease haeiii. | we used the restriction endonuclease haeiii to differentiate neisseria gonorrhoeae from other neisseria species and branhamella catarrhalis. a total of 16 clinical isolates and four american type culture collection strains of n. gonorrhoeae were resistant to haeiii digestion, whereas 17 isolates and four american type culture collection strains from eight different bacterial species were susceptible. this resistance was not caused by an enzyme inhibitor. we propose that protection of the haeiii ... | 1984 | 6092433 |