Publications

lotus japonicus castor and pollux are ion channels essential for perinuclear calcium spiking in legume root endosymbiosis.	the mechanism underlying perinuclear calcium spiking induced during legume root endosymbioses is largely unknown. lotus japonicus symbiosis-defective castor and pollux mutants are impaired in perinuclear calcium spiking. homology modeling suggested that the related proteins castor and pollux might be ion channels. here, we show that castor and pollux form two independent homocomplexes in planta. castor reconstituted in planar lipid bilayers exhibited ion channel activity, and the channel charact ...	2008	19106374
the ntami1 gene functions in cell division of tobacco by-2 cells in the presence of indole-3-acetamide.	tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) bright yellow-2 (by-2) cells can be grown in medium containing indole-3-acetamide (iam). based on this finding, the ntami1 gene, whose product is functionally equivalent to the atami1 gene of arabidopsis thaliana and the aux2 gene of agrobacterium rhizogenes, was isolated from by-2 cells. overexpression of the ntami1 gene allowed by-2 cells to proliferate at lower concentrations of iam, whereas suppression of the ntami1 gene by rna interference (rnai) caused severe gr ...	2009	19121311
transformed hairy roots of arachis hypogea: a tool for studying root nodule symbiosis in a non-infection thread legume of the aeschynomeneae tribe.	arachis hypogea is a non-"infection thread" (it) legume where rhizobial entry or dissemination in the nodules never involves it. rhizobia invade through epidermal "cracks" and directly access the cortical cells to develop the characteristic aeschynomenoid nodules. for investigating these nonclassical nodulation features in arachis spp., we developed an efficient procedure for agrobacterium rhizogenes r1000-mediated transformation of this plant. in this study, we optimized the induction of hairy ...	2009	19132866
agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation and regeneration of the apocynum venetum.	a system for the agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation and plant regeneration of a. venetum has been developed. the highest transformation frequency was 100%, achieved by using strain lba9402 with root explants. the highest density of hairy roots reached 22 when root explants transformed by r1000 cultured in the dark. adventitious shoots were obtained from profusely branched, fast-growing (type pbf) hairy roots, and the adventitious shoot induction frequency was 20%. regenerated shoot ...	2008	19149183
biotic and abiotic stimulation of root epidermal cells reveals common and specific responses to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.	during arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) colonization, a focal accumulation of organelles occurs in root epidermal cells, prior to fungal penetration, beneath adhering hyphopodia. this is followed by the appearance of the prepenetration apparatus (ppa), a transcellular column of cytoplasm connected to the nucleus and rich in cytoskeleton and secretory endomembranes. this apparatus appears to be responsible for the construction of an apoplastic compartment that confines the fungus within the cell lumen ...	2009	19151131
metabolic reprogramming of periwinkle plant culture.	we transformed an alkaloid biosynthetic gene with reengineered substrate specificity into catharanthus roseus. the resulting transgenic plant cell culture produced a variety of unnatural alkaloid compounds when cocultured with simple, achiral, commercially available precursors that the reengineered enzyme was designed to accept. this work demonstrates the power of genetic engineering to retailor the structures of complex alkaloid natural products in plant culture.	2009	19151732
effective carbon partitioning driven by exotic phloem-specific regulatory elements fused to the arabidopsis thaliana atsuc2 sucrose-proton symporter gene.	atsuc2 (at1g22710) from arabidopsis thaliana encodes a phloem-localized sucrose/proton symporter required for efficient photoassimilate transport from source tissues to sink tissues. atsuc2 plays a key role in coordinating the demands of sink tissues with the output capacity of source leaves, and in maintaining phloem hydrostatic pressure during changes in plant-water balance. expression and activity are regulated, both positively and negatively, by developmental (sink to source transition) and ...	2009	19154603
construction of disarmed ti plasmids transferable between escherichia coli and agrobacterium species.	agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation has been used widely, but there are plants that are recalcitrant to this type of transformation. this transformation method uses bacterial strains harboring a modified tumor-inducing (ti) plasmid that lacks the transfer dna (t-dna) region (disarmed ti plasmid). it is desirable to develop strains that can broaden the host range. a large number of agrobacterium strains have not been tested yet to determine whether they can be used in transformation. in o ...	2009	19181833
transformation of nasturtium officinale, barbarea verna and arabis caucasica for hairy roots and glucosinolate-myrosinase system production.	hairy roots of nasturtium officinale, barbarea verna and arabis caucasica with active glucosinolate-myrosinase system were obtained after transformation with agrobacterium rhizogenes. hairy roots of n. officinale produced phenylalanine-derived gluconasturtiin and glucotropaeolin (max. 24 and 7 mg g(-1) dw). b. verna and a. caucasica hairy roots produced gluconasturtiin (max. 41 mg g(-1) dw) and methionine-derived glucoiberverin (max. 32 mg g(-1) dw), respectively. treatment of the roots with ami ...	2009	19229477
anthraquinones from natural and transformed roots of plocama pendula.	five new and 15 known anthraquinones have been isolated from plocama pendula root cultures transformed by agrobacterium rhizogenes. the new anthraquinones were named balonone, balonone methyl ether, and plocamanones a, b, and c. moreover, lucidin dimethyl ether was obtained for the first time as a natural compound. on the other hand, a study of p. pendula natural roots afforded another two new anthraquinones, i.e., plocamanone d and chionone. the anthraquinone isozyganein dimethyl ether has been ...	2009	19235160
a novel plant leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase regulates the response of medicago truncatula roots to salt stress.	in plants, a diverse group of cell surface receptor-like protein kinases (rlks) plays a fundamental role in sensing external signals to regulate gene expression. roots explore the soil environment to optimize their growth via complex signaling cascades, mainly analyzed in arabidopsis thaliana. however, legume roots have significant physiological differences, notably their capacity to establish symbiotic interactions. these major agricultural crops are affected by environmental stresses such as s ...	2009	19244136
gras proteins form a dna binding complex to induce gene expression during nodulation signaling in medicago truncatula.	the symbiotic association of legumes with rhizobia involves bacterially derived nod factor, which is sufficient to activate the formation of nodules on the roots of the host plant. perception of nod factor by root hair cells induces calcium oscillations that are a component of the nod factor signal transduction pathway. perception of the calcium oscillations is a function of a calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, and this activates nodulation gene expression via two gras domain tran ...	2009	19252081
physiological roles of glutathione s-transferases in soybean root nodules.	glutathione s-transferases (gsts) are ubiquitous enzymes that catalyze the conjugation of toxic xenobiotics and oxidatively produced compounds to reduced glutathione, which facilitates their metabolism, sequestration, or removal. we report here that soybean (glycine max) root nodules contain at least 14 forms of gst, with gst9 being most prevalent, as measured by both real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and identification of peptides in glutathione-affinity purified extract ...	2009	19279195
enhanced resveratrol accumulation in rolb transgenic cultures of vitis amurensis correlates with unusual changes in cdpk gene expression.	it has been established that transformation of vitis amurensis callus culture with the plant oncogene rolb of agrobacterium rhizogenes results in a high level of resveratrol production in the transformed culture. in the present report, we investigated two rolb transgenic v. amurensis cell cultures with different levels of rolb expression and resveratrol production. we examined whether the calcium ion flux and later steps of the calcium-mediated signal transduction pathway play a role in resverat ...	2009	19285358
reproduction of meloidogyne javanica on plant roots genetically transformed by agrobacterium rhizogenes.	reproduction of meloidogyne javanica was compared on several agrobacterium rhizogenes-transformed root cultures under monoxenic conditions. m. javanica reproduced on all transformed roots tested; however, more females and eggs were obtained on potato and south australian early dwarf red tomato than on bindweed, tropic tomato, lima bean, or carrot. roots that grew at moderate rates into the agar and produced many secondary roots supported the highest reproduction. numbers of females produced in c ...	1988	19290260
transport of the nematicide oxamyl in roots transformed with agrobacterium rhizogenes.	infection of roots transformed with agrobacterium rhizogenes by meloidogyne incognita and heterodera schachtii second-stage juveniles was established in bicompartmental petri dishes. one compartment contained the murashige and skoog agar medium and the nematicide oxamyl, and the other compartment contained water agar. transformed roots of carrot, tomato, alfalfa, cowpea, rape, and sugarbeet were placed in the nutrient compartment and grew over the barrier that divided the petri dishes and into t ...	1988	19290298
grapevine mate-type proteins act as vacuolar h+-dependent acylated anthocyanin transporters.	in grapevine (vitis vinifera), anthocyanins are responsible for most of the red, blue, and purple pigmentation found in the skin of berries. in cells, anthocyanins are synthesized in the cytoplasm and accumulated into the vacuole. however, little is known about the transport of these compounds through the tonoplast. recently, the sequencing of the grapevine genome allowed us to identify genes encoding proteins with high sequence similarity to the multidrug and toxic extrusion (mate) family. amon ...	2009	19297587
expression of the somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinase1 (serk1) gene is associated with developmental change in the life cycle of the model legume medicago truncatula.	somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinase (serk) genes have been demonstrated to play a role in somatic embryogenesis in several plant species. as more is learnt about these genes, the view of their role in plant development has broadened. the medicago truncatula mtserk1 gene has been associated with somatic embryogenesis and in vitro root formation. in order to study the role of mtserk1 in development further, the mtserk1 promoter sequence has been isolated and cloned into a promoter-gus analy ...	2009	19305022
inhibition of snake venoms and phospholipases a(2) by extracts from native and genetically modified eclipta alba: isolation of active coumestans.	we genetically modified eclipta alba using agrobacterium rhizogenes lba 9402, with the aim of producing secondary metabolites with pharmacological properties against phospholipase a(2) and the myotoxic activities of snake venom. extracts from in natura aerial parts and roots, both native and genetically modified (in vitro), were prepared and analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography. in natura materials showed the coumestan wedelolactone at higher concentration in the aerial parts, whil ...	2009	19320636
phytoremediation of small organic contaminants using transgenic plants.	the efficacy of transgenic plants in the phytoremediation of small organic contaminants has been investigated. two principal strategies have been pursued (1) the manipulation of phase i metabolic activity to enhance in planta degradation rates, or to impart novel metabolic activity, and (2) the enhanced secretion of reactive enzymes from roots leading to accelerated ex planta degradation of organic contaminants. a pair of dehalogenase genes from xanthobacter autotrophicus was expressed in tobacc ...	2009	19342219
sucrose-mediated translational control.	environmental factors greatly impact plant gene expression and concentrations of cellular metabolites such as sugars and amino acids. the changed metabolite concentrations affect the expression of many genes both transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally.	2009	19376782
protective effects of a cysteine proteinase propeptide expressed in transgenic soybean roots.	sedentary endoparasitic nematodes cause extensive damage to a large number of ornamental plants and food crops, with estimated economical losses over 100 billion us$ worldwide. various efforts have put forth in order to minimize nematode damage, which typically involve the use of nematicides that have high cost and enhanced toxicity to humans and the environment. additionally, different strategies have been applied in order to develop genetically modified plants with improved nematode resistance ...	2009	19428757
agrobacterium in the genomics age.		2009	19439569
rnai phenotypes and the localization of a protein::gus fusion imply a role for medicago truncatula pin genes in nodulation.	the symbiosis between legumes and rhizobia results in the development of a new plant organ, the nodule. a role for polar auxin transport in nodule development in medicago truncatula has been demonstrated using molecular genetic tools. the expression of a dr5::gus auxin-responsive promoter in uninoculated m. truncatula roots mirrored that reported in arabidopsis, and expression of the construct in nodulating roots confirmed results reported in white clover. the localization of a root-specific pin ...	2006	19444321
novel toxin-antitoxin system composed of serine protease and aaa-atpase homologues determines the high level of stability and incompatibility of the tumor-inducing plasmid ptic58.	stability of plant tumor-inducing (ti) plasmids differs among strains. a high level of stability prevents basic and applied studies including the development of useful strains. the nopaline type ti plasmid ptic58 significantly reduces the transconjugant efficiency for incoming incompatible plasmids relative to the other type, such as octopine-type plasmids. in this study we identified a region that increases the incompatibility and stability of the plasmid. this region was located on a 4.3-kbp s ...	2009	19447904
the fast technique: a simplified agrobacterium-based transformation method for transient gene expression analysis in seedlings of arabidopsis and other plant species.	abstract:	2009	19457242
hchl expression in hairy roots of beta vulgaris yields a high accumulation of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (phba) glucose ester, and linkage of phba into cell walls.	as part of a study to explore the potential for new or modified bio-product formation, beta vulgaris (sugar beet) has been genetically modified to express in root-organ culture a bacterial gene of phenylpropanoid catabolism. the hchl gene, encoding p-hydroxycinnamoyl-coa hydratase/lyase, was introduced into b. vulgaris under the control of a camv 35s promoter, using agrobacterium rhizogenes lba 9402. hairy root clones expressing the hchl gene, together with non-expressing clones, were analysed a ...	2009	19457657
rolc strawberry plant adaptability, productivity, and tolerance to soil-borne disease and mycorrhizal interactions.	the potential to improve strawberry cultivation was assessed regarding the use the rolc genes from agrobacterium rhizogenes that can confer higher levels of free cytokinins. strawberry (cv. calypso) rolc lines were produced by genetic transformation of agrobacterium tumefaciens. yield and fruit quality of the control and transgenic lines were measured under open-field conditions. the effects of the transgenic rolc lines depended on gene copy number: rolc lines with one (line a) or two gene (line ...	2009	19466576
calcium spiking patterns and the role of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase ccamk in lateral root base nodulation of sesbania rostrata.	nodulation factor (nf) signal transduction in the legume-rhizobium symbiosis involves calcium oscillations that are instrumental in eliciting nodulation. to date, ca2+ spiking has been studied exclusively in the intracellular bacterial invasion of growing root hairs in zone i. this mechanism is not the only one by which rhizobia gain entry into their hosts; the tropical legume sesbania rostrata can be invaded intercellularly by rhizobia at cracks caused by lateral root emergence, and this proces ...	2009	19470588
callus, shoot and hairy root formation in vitro as affected by the sensitivity to auxin and ethylene in tomato mutants.	we analyzed the impact of ethylene and auxin disturbances on callus, shoots and agrobacterium rhizogenes-induced hairy root formation in tomato (solanum lycopersicum l.). the auxin low-sensitivity dgt mutation showed little hairy root initiation, whereas the ethylene low-sensitivity nr mutation did not differ from the control micro-tom cultivar. micro-tom and dgt hairy roots containing auxin sensitivity/biosynthesis rol and aux genes formed prominent callus onto media supplemented with cytokinin ...	2009	19484241
plant lectins: the ties that bind in root symbiosis and plant defense.	lectins are a diverse group of carbohydrate-binding proteins that are found within and associated with organisms from all kingdoms of life. several different classes of plant lectins serve a diverse array of functions. the most prominent of these include participation in plant defense against predators and pathogens and involvement in symbiotic interactions between host plants and symbiotic microbes, including mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixing rhizobia. extensive biological, biochemical, and ...	2009	19488786
enhanced flavonoid production in hairy root cultures of glycyrrhiza uralensis fisch by combining the over-expression of chalcone isomerase gene with the elicitation treatment.	economically important compounds, such as licorice flavonoids, are present in insufficient amounts in the hairy roots. to overcome this problem, we took the transgenic approach combined with the elicitation technique to increase the flavonoid production. the glycyrrhiza uralensis fisch cdna encoding chalcone isomerase gene (chi) was over-expressed in hairy roots of g. uralensis fisch mediated by the disarmed agrobacterium rhizogenes a4. stable genetic transformation was confirmed by southern blo ...	2009	19504262
[somatic embryogenesis in the panax ginseng cell culture induced by the rolc oncogene is associated with increased expression of wus and serk genes].	the embryogenic cell culture 2c3 was previously obtained by the transfer of the rolc gene from agrobacterium rhizogenes into ginseng callus cells. it was found by us that the expression of serk and wus genes in the embryogenic culture 2c3 is increased. these genes are known to be responsible for the initial stimulus to the development of embryogenesis in plants. taking into consideration earlier data, we suppose that the development of somatic embryos in the ginseng cell culture 2c3 is associate ...	2009	19507704
agrobacterium aiming for the host chromatin: host and bacterial proteins involved in interactions between t-dna and plant nucleosomes.	agrobacterium genetically transforms its hosts by transferring a segment of dna (t-dna) into the host cell and integrating it into the host genome. integration requires a close interaction between t-dna, which is packaged into a nucleoprotein complex (t-complex) by bacterial virulence (vir) proteins, and the host chromatin. this interaction is facilitated by the host protein vip 1, which binds both to the major protein component of the t-complex, vire2, and to the core histones. recently, vip1 h ...	2009	19513263
catapol production in chinese foxglove (rehmannia glutinosa libos.) hairy roots transformed with agrobacterium rhizogenes atcc15834.	hairy root clones of rehmannia glutinosa were established via transformation with agrobacterium rhizogenes atcc15834. to optimize the culturing conditions for both root growth and catalpol production, the effects of various combinations of seven basal media, ph, and carbon sources were examined in the dark. the fastest root growth was obtained in an sh medium containing 4% sucrose, ph 5.8. the highest catalpol content (0.54% dry weight) was achieved in a wpm medium supplemented with 4% sucrose, ...	2009	19521851
hepatoprotective triterpenes from hairy root cultures of ocimum basilicum l.	six triterpene acids identified as betulinic, oleanolic, ursolic, 3-epimaslinic, alphitolic and euscaphic acids have been isolated from a dichloromethane extract of hairy root cultures of ocimum basilicum l. (lamiaceae). these cultures were obtained by genetic transformation using agrobacterium rhizogenes. the extract as well as the isolated compounds were evaluated for their hepatoprotective activity by measuring their effect on the oxidative stress status of liver, induced by carbon tetrachlor ...	2009	19526713
learning from evolution: thellungiella generates new knowledge on essential and critical components of abiotic stress tolerance in plants.	thellungiella salsuginea (halophila) is a close relative of arabidopsis thaliana but, unlike a. thaliana, it grows well in extreme conditions of cold, salt, and drought as well as nitrogen limitation. over the last decade, many laboratories have started to use thellungiella to investigate the physiological, metabolic, and molecular mechanisms of abiotic stress tolerance in plants, and new knowledge has been gained in particular with respect to ion transport and gene expression. the advantage of ...	2009	19529830
agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation of superroot-derived lotus corniculatus plants: a valuable tool for functional genomics.	transgenic approaches provide a powerful tool for gene function investigations in plants. however, some legumes are still recalcitrant to current transformation technologies, limiting the extent to which functional genomic studies can be performed on. superroot of lotus corniculatus is a continuous root cloning system allowing direct somatic embryogenesis and mass regeneration of plants. recently, a technique to obtain transgenic l. corniculatus plants from superroot-derived leaves through a. tu ...	2009	19555486
composite medicago truncatula plants harbouring agrobacterium rhizogenes-transformed roots reveal normal mycorrhization by glomus intraradices.	composite plants consisting of a wild-type shoot and a transgenic root are frequently used for functional genomics in legume research. although transformation of roots using agrobacterium rhizogenes leads to morphologically normal roots, the question arises as to whether such roots interact with arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi in the same way as wild-type roots. to address this question, roots transformed with a vector containing the fluorescence marker dsred were used to analyse am in terms o ...	2009	19574251
phenotypic and molecular evaluation of cotton hairy roots as a model system for studying nematode resistance.	agrobacterium rhizogenes-induced cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) hairy roots were evaluated as a model system for studying molecular cotton-nematode interactions. hairy root cultures were developed from the root-knot nematode (rkn) (meloidogyne incognita [kofoid and white] chitwood, race 3)-resistant breeding line m315 and from the reniform nematode (rn) (rotylenchulus reniformis linford & oliveira)-resistant accession gb713 (g. barbadense l.) and compared to a nematode-susceptible culture derive ...	2009	19578854
(homo)glutathione depletion modulates host gene expression during the symbiotic interaction between medicago truncatula and sinorhizobium meliloti.	under nitrogen-limiting conditions, legumes interact with symbiotic rhizobia to produce nitrogen-fixing root nodules. we have previously shown that glutathione and homoglutathione [(h)gsh] deficiencies impaired medicago truncatula symbiosis efficiency, showing the importance of the low m(r) thiols during the nodulation process in the model legume m. truncatula. in this study, the plant transcriptomic response to sinorhizobium meliloti infection under (h)gsh depletion was investigated using cdna- ...	2009	19587096
overexpressing atpap15 enhances phosphorus efficiency in soybean.	low phosphorus (p) availability is a major constraint to crop growth and production, including soybean (glycine max), on a global scale. however, 50% to 80% of the total p in agricultural soils exists as organic phosphate, which is unavailable to plants unless hydrolyzed to release inorganic phosphate. one strategy for improving crop p nutrition is the enhanced activity of acid phosphatases (apases) to obtain or remobilize inorganic phosphate from organic p sources. in this study, we overexpress ...	2009	19587103
endogenous mechanisms for the origins of spliceosomal introns.	over 30 years since their discovery, the origin of spliceosomal introns remains uncertain. one nearly universally accepted hypothesis maintains that spliceosomal introns originated from self-splicing group-ii introns that invaded the uninterrupted genes of the last eukaryotic common ancestor (leca) and proliferated by "insertion" events. although this is a possible explanation for the original presence of introns and splicing machinery, the emphasis on a high number of insertion events in the ge ...	2009	19635762
silencing of tryptamine biosynthesis for production of nonnatural alkaloids in plant culture.	natural products have long served as both a source and inspiration for pharmaceuticals. modifying the structure of a natural product often improves the biological activity of the compound. metabolic engineering strategies to ferment "unnatural" products have been enormously successful in microbial organisms. however, despite the importance of plant derived natural products, metabolic engineering strategies to yield unnatural products from complex, lengthy plant pathways have not been widely expl ...	2009	19666570
conservation of lotus and arabidopsis basic helix-loop-helix proteins reveals new players in root hair development.	basic helix-loop-helix (bhlh) proteins constitute a large family of transcriptional regulators in plants. although they have been shown to play important roles in a wide variety of developmental processes, relatively few have been functionally characterized. here, we describe the map-based cloning of the lotus japonicus roothairless1 (ljrhl1) locus. deleterious mutations in this locus prevent root hair development, which also aborts root hair-dependent colonization of the host root by nitrogen-f ...	2009	19675148
live-cell imaging reveals periarbuscular membrane domains and organelle location in medicago truncatula roots during arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis.	in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, the fungal symbiont colonizes root cortical cells, where it establishes differentiated hyphae called arbuscules. as each arbuscule develops, the cortical cell undergoes a transient reorganization and envelops the arbuscule in a novel symbiosis-specific membrane, called the periarbuscular membrane. the periarbuscular membrane, which is continuous with the plant plasma membrane of the cortical cell, is a key interface in the symbiosis; however, relatively l ...	2009	19692536
gene regulation in parthenocarpic tomato fruit.	parthenocarpy is potentially a desirable trait for many commercially grown fruits if undesirable changes to structure, flavour, or nutrition can be avoided. parthenocarpic transgenic tomato plants (cv microtom) were obtained by the regulation of genes for auxin synthesis (iaam) or responsiveness (rolb) driven by defh9 or the inner no outer (ino) promoter from arabidopsis thaliana. fruits at a breaker stage were analysed at a transcriptomic and metabolomic level using microarrays, real-time rever ...	2009	19700496
a nuclear-targeted cameleon demonstrates intranuclear ca2+ spiking in medicago truncatula root hairs in response to rhizobial nodulation factors.	lipochitooligosaccharide nodulation factors (nfs) secreted by endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing rhizobia trigger ca(2+) spiking in the cytoplasmic perinuclear region of host legume root hairs. to determine whether nfs also elicit ca(2+) responses within the plant cell nucleus we have made use of a nucleoplasmin-tagged cameleon (nupyc2.1). confocal microscopy using this nuclear-specific calcium reporter has revealed sustained and regular ca(2+) spiking within the nuclear compartment of medicago trunc ...	2009	19700563
a wd40 repeat protein from medicago truncatula is necessary for tissue-specific anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis but not for trichome development.	wd40 repeat proteins regulate biosynthesis of anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins (pas), and mucilage in the seed and the development of trichomes and root hairs. we have cloned and characterized a wd40 repeat protein gene from medicago truncatula (mtwd40-1) via a retrotransposon-tagging approach. deficiency of mtwd40-1 expression blocks accumulation of mucilage and a range of phenolic compounds, including pas, epicatechin, other flavonoids, and benzoic acids, in the seed, reduces epicatechin levels ...	2009	19710231
mutations that disrupt either the pqq or the gdh gene of rahnella aquatilis abolish the production of an antibacterial substance and result in reduced biological control of grapevine crown gall.	rahnella aquatilis hx2, a biocontrol agent for grapevine crown gall caused by agrobacterium vitis, produces an antibacterial substance that inhibits the growth of a. vitis in vitro. in this study, we show that mh15 and mh16, two tn5-induced mutants of hx2, have lost their abilities to inhibit a. vitis and have reduced biocontrol activities; they grow in logarithmic phase at a rate similar to that of the wild type and have single tn5 insertions. they are also impaired in producing pyrroloquinolin ...	2009	19734331
medicago n2-fixing symbiosomes acquire the endocytic identity marker rab7 but delay the acquisition of vacuolar identity.	rhizobium bacteria form n(2)-fixing organelles, called symbiosomes, inside the cells of legume root nodules. the bacteria are generally thought to enter the cells via an endocytosis-like process. to examine this, we studied the identity of symbiosomes in relation to the endocytic pathway. we show that in medicago truncatula, the small gtpases rab5 and rab7 are endosomal membrane identity markers, marking different (partly overlapping) endosome populations. although symbiosome formation is consid ...	2009	19734435
a small gtpase of the rab family is required for root hair formation and preinfection stages of the common bean-rhizobium symbiotic association.	legume plants are able to establish a symbiotic relationship with soil bacteria from the genus rhizobium, leading to the formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules. successful nodulation requires both the formation of infection threads (its) in the root epidermis and the activation of cell division in the cortex to form the nodule primordium. this study describes the characterization of raba2, a common bean (phaseolus vulgaris) cdna previously isolated as differentially expressed in root hairs in ...	2009	19749154
efficient production of gossypol from hairy root cultures of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).	a protocol for induction and establishment of agrobacterium rhizogenes mediated hairy root culture of gossypium hirsutum was developed through infection with the a4 strain and co-cultivation on hormone-free semi-solid ms medium with b5 vitamins. it resulted in the emergence of hairy roots from the leaf explants, 21 days after infection. the transformation of hairy roots was established by pcr amplification of rol b and rol c genes of the ri plasmid. all root lines expressed gossypol, although di ...	2009	19751178
large-scale analysis of putative soybean regulatory gene expression identifies a myb gene involved in soybean nodule development.	nodulation is the result of a symbiosis between legumes and rhizobial bacteria in soil. this symbiosis is mutually beneficial, with the bacteria providing a source of nitrogen to the host while the plant supplies carbon to the symbiont. nodule development is a complex process that is tightly regulated in the host plant cell through networks of gene expression. in order to examine this regulation in detail, a library of quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction primer sets was ...	2009	19755542
lin, a novel type of u-box/wd40 protein, controls early infection by rhizobia in legumes.	the formation of a nitrogen-fixing nodule requires the coordinated development of rhizobial colonization and nodule organogenesis. based on its mutant phenotype, lumpy infections (lin), lin functions at an early stage of the rhizobial symbiotic process, required for both infection thread growth in root hair cells and the further development of nodule primordia. we show that spontaneous nodulation activated by the calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase is independent of lin; thus, lin i ...	2009	19776163
surface motility and associated surfactant production in agrobacterium vitis.	agrobacterium vitis is the causal agent of crown gall of grapevine. surface motility (swarming), an important mechanism for bacterial colonization of new environments and a previously unknown behaviour of ag. vitis, was demonstrated.	2009	19780963
knockdown of cell division cycle16 reveals an inverse relationship between lateral root and nodule numbers and a link to auxin in medicago truncatula.	the postembryonic development of lateral roots and nodules is a highly regulated process. recent studies suggest the existence of cross talk and interdependency in the growth of these two organs. although plant hormones, including auxin and cytokinin, appear to be key players in coordinating this cross talk, very few genes that cross-regulate root and nodule development have been uncovered so far. this study reports that a homolog of cell division cycle16 (cdc16), a core component of the anaphas ...	2009	19789288
a tripartite snare-k+ channel complex mediates in channel-dependent k+ nutrition in arabidopsis.	a few membrane vesicle trafficking (snare) proteins in plants are associated with signaling and transmembrane ion transport, including control of plasma membrane ion channels. vesicle traffic contributes to the population of ion channels at the plasma membrane. nonetheless, it is unclear whether these snares also interact directly to affect channel gating and, if so, what functional impact this might have on the plant. here, we report that the arabidopsis thaliana snare syp121 binds to kc1, a re ...	2009	19794113
adventitious rooting is enhanced by methyl jasmonate in tobacco thin cell layers.	adventitious roots (ars) are induced by auxins. jasmonic acid (ja) and methyl jasmonate (meja) are also plant growth regulators with many effects on development, but their role on ars needs investigation. to this aim, we analyzed ar formation in tobacco thin cell layers (tcls) cultured with 0.01-10 microm meja, either under root-inductive conditions, i.e., on medium containing 10 microm indole-3-butyric acid (iba) and 0.1 microm kinetin, or without hormones. the explants were excised from the cu ...	2009	19885676
[culture of transgenic glycyrrhiza uralensis hairy root with licorice squalene synthase (sqs) gene].	a squalene synthase gene cloned (gusqs1, accession number in genbank database: am182329) from glycyrrhiza uralensis was transferred into g. uralensis via agrobacterium rhizogenes a4 for investigating biosynthesis pathway and enhancing synthesis of glycyrrhizic acid (ga). hypocotyl explants from g. uralensis were infected with a. rhizogenes a4 containing gusqs1 gene to induce the hairy roots. the hairy root lines established were selected in medium containing 0.8 mg x l(-1) phosphinothricin (ppt) ...	2009	19894527
growth kinetics and ginsenosides production in transformed hairy roots of american ginseng--panax quinquefolium l.	a thin, profusely branched, fast growing hairy root line of panax quinquefolium (american ginseng) was established by co-culturing epicotyl explants with a wild type strain of agrobacterium rhizogenes. the transformed roots grew by over 10-fold from the initial inoculum within 8 weeks. the crude ginsenosides content in the roots was about 0.2 g/g dry wt level up to the 10th week of culture. ginsenosides rb2, rd, re, rf and rg1 constituted 47-49% of the crude saponin fraction between 6 and 8 week ...	2010	19898783
tropane alkaloid profiling of hydroponic datura innoxia mill. plants inoculated with agrobacterium rhizogenes.	hydroponics has been shown as a possible way to produce high quality plant biomass with improved phytochemical levels. nevertheless, effects of plant biotic and abiotic environment can lead to drastic changes and plant growth conditions must be optimised.	2010	19904728
developing a systems biology approach to study disease progression caused by heterodera glycines in glycine max.		2007	19936075
biological diversity of prokaryotic type iv secretion systems.	type iv secretion systems (t4ss) translocate dna and protein substrates across prokaryotic cell envelopes generally by a mechanism requiring direct contact with a target cell. three types of t4ss have been described: (i) conjugation systems, operationally defined as machines that translocate dna substrates intercellularly by a contact-dependent process; (ii) effector translocator systems, functioning to deliver proteins or other macromolecules to eukaryotic target cells; and (iii) dna release/up ...	2009	19946141
biochemical and molecular characterization of pvpap3, a novel purple acid phosphatase isolated from common bean enhancing extracellular atp utilization.	purple acid phosphatases (paps) play diverse physiological roles in plants. in this study, we purified a novel pap, pvpap3, from the roots of common bean (phaseolus vulgaris) grown under phosphate (pi) starvation. pvpap3 was identified as a 34-kd monomer acting on the specific substrate, atp, with a broad ph range and a high heat stability. the activity of pvpap3 was insensitive to tartrate, indicating that pvpap3 is a pap-like protein. amino acid sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis sug ...	2010	19955264
isoflavonoid production in a hairy roots culture of pueraria candollei.	a hairy roots culture of pueraria candollei was established using agrobacterium rhizogenes atcc15834 and grown in half-strength murashige and skoog (ms) medium. the highest production of total isoflavonoids was found to be (36.48 +/- 4.09) mg/g dry wt [(3.39 +/- 0.20) mg/g dry wt puerarin, (29.91 +/- 3.74) mg/g dry wt daidzin, (1.65 +/- 0.09) mg/g dry wt genistin, (0.76 +/- 0.03) mg/g dry wt daidzein, and (0.76 +/- 0.03) mg/g dry wt genistein, respectively]. the total isoflavonoid content in hai ...	2009	19957437
dicentrine production from a hairy roots culture of stephania suberosa.	a hairy roots culture of stephania suberosa was established using agrobacterium rhizogenes atcc15834. the production of dicentrine was found to be (8.92 +/- 0.07) mg/g dry wt on day 35 of culture. effects of sucrose content, tyrosine, and medium strength on growth and dicentrine production of s. suberosa were investigated. 6% (w/v) sucrose was an optimum content for the growth and dicentrine accumulation in s. suberosa hairy roots. the utilization of a precursor from tyrosine feeding enhanced th ...	2009	19957438
proline accumulation in plants: not only stress.	in addition to its role in protein synthesis and the plant cells' response to environmental stresses, circumstantial evidence suggest that proline may also play a role in flowering and development both as a metabolite and as a signal molecule. although there is a growing consensus that proline is of special importance throughout the reproductive phase (from flower transition to seed development) a general agreement on the molecular and genetic mechanisms proline is involved in, is yet to be esta ...	2009	20009553
rapid in planta evaluation of root expressed transgenes in chimeric soybean plants.	production of stable transgenic plants is one factor that limits rapid evaluation of tissue specific transgene expression. to hasten the assessment of transgenes in planta, we evaluated the use of chimeric soybean seedlings expressing transgenic products in roots. tap roots from four-day old seedlings (cultivars 'jack' and ks4704) were excised and hairy roots were induced from hypocotyls via agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation. inoculated hypocotyls were screened on a ms-based mediu ...	2010	20012965
generation of backbone-free, low transgene copy plants by launching t-dna from the agrobacterium chromosome.	in both applied and basic research, agrobacterium-mediated transformation is commonly used to introduce genes into plants. we investigated the effect of three agrobacterium tumefaciens strains and five transferred (t)-dna origins of replication on transformation frequency, transgene copy number, and the frequency of integration of non-t-dna portions of the t-dna-containing vector (backbone) into the genome of arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) and maize (zea mays). launching t-dna from the pica ...	2010	20023148
generation of backbone-free, low transgene copy plants by launching t-dna from the agrobacterium chromosome.	in both applied and basic research, agrobacterium-mediated transformation is commonly used to introduce genes into plants. we investigated the effect of three agrobacterium tumefaciens strains and five transferred (t)-dna origins of replication on transformation frequency, transgene copy number, and the frequency of integration of non-t-dna portions of the t-dna-containing vector (backbone) into the genome of arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) and maize (zea mays). launching t-dna from the pica ...	2010	20023148
the receiver domain of hybrid histidine kinase vira: an enhancing factor for vir gene expression in agrobacterium tumefaciens.	the plant pathogen agrobacterium tumefaciens expresses virulence (vir) genes in response to chemical signals found at the site of a plant wound. vira, a hybrid histidine kinase, and its cognate response regulator, virg, regulate vir gene expression. the receiver domain at the carboxyl end of vira has been described as an inhibitory element because its removal increased vir gene expression relative to that of full-length vira. however, experiments that characterized the receiver region as an inhi ...	2010	20081031
comparison of developmental and stress-induced nodule senescence in medicago truncatula.	mature indeterminate medicago truncatula nodules are zonated with an apical meristem, an infection zone, a fixation zone with nitrogen-fixing bacteroids, and a "developmental" senescence zone that follows nodule growth with a conical front originating in the center of the fixation zone. in nitrogen-fixing cells, senescence is initiated coincidently with the expression of a family of conserved cysteine proteases that might be involved in the degradation of symbiotic structures. environmental stre ...	2010	20081044
bnyvv-derived dsrna confers resistance to rhizomania disease of sugar beet as evidenced by a novel transgenic hairy root approach.	agrobacterium rhizogenes-transformed sugar beet hairy roots, expressing dsrna from the beet necrotic yellow vein virus replicase gene, were used as a novel approach to assess the efficacy of three intron-hairpin constructs at conferring resistance to rhizomania disease. genetically engineered roots were similar in morphology to wild type roots but were characterized by a profound abundancy, rapid growth rate and, in some cases, plagiotropic development. upon challenge inoculation, seedlings show ...	2010	20127510
a remorin protein interacts with symbiotic receptors and regulates bacterial infection.	remorin proteins have been hypothesized to play important roles during cellular signal transduction processes. induction of some members of this multigene family has been reported during biotic interactions. however, no roles during host-bacteria interactions have been assigned to remorin proteins until now. we used root nodule symbiosis between medicago truncatula and sinorhizobium meliloti to study the roles of a remorin that is specifically induced during nodulation. here we show that this ol ...	2010	20133878
bioinformatic and experimental survey of 14-3-3-binding sites.	more than 200 phosphorylated 14-3-3-binding sites in the literature were analysed to define 14-3-3 specificities, identify relevant protein kinases, and give insights into how cellular 14-3-3/phosphoprotein networks work. mode i rxx(ps/pt)xp motifs dominate, although the +2 proline residue occurs in less than half, and lx(r/k)sx(ps/pt)xp is prominent in plant 14-3-3-binding sites. proline at +1 is rarely reported, and such motifs did not stand up to experimental reanalysis of human ndel1. instea ...	2010	20141511
new insights into an old story: agrobacterium-induced tumour formation in plants by plant transformation.	agrobacterium tumefaciens causes tumour formation in plants. plant signals induce in the bacteria the expression of a range of virulence (vir) proteins and the formation of a type iv secretion system (t4ss). on attachment to plant cells, a transfer dna (t-dna) and vir proteins are imported into the host cells through the bacterial t4ss. through interaction with a number of host proteins, the vir proteins suppress the host innate immune system and support the transfer, nuclear targeting, and inte ...	2010	20150897
agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation of hypericum tomentosum l and hypericum tetrapterum fries.	this is the first evidence on successful agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated genetic transformation of two species from the genus hypericum, h. tomentosum l. and h. tetrapterum fries. hairy root cultures were induced from root segments of both hypericum species by two agropine wild-type strains of a. rhizogenes, atcc 15834 and a4. the transgenic character of the hairy root cultures was proved by pcr amplification of the rolabcd genes. in some h. tetrapterum transgenic lines aux genes were detected ...	2009	20158159
induction of pyridine alkaloid formation in transformed root cultures of nicotiana tabacum.	hairy root cultures of nicotiana tabacum were set up by excised root tips with agrobacterium rhizogenes. the successful transformation was confirmed by analyzing rolc and virc genes using polymerase chain reaction (pcr). hairy root cultures were employed to study the formation of pyridine alkaloids, mainly nicotine. the transformed cultures were incubated with potential elicitors, such as methyljasmonate, quercetin and salicylic acid, in order to stimulate the biosynthesis of pyridine alkaloids. ...	2009	20158160
molecular analysis of scarecrow genes expressed in white lupin cluster roots.	the scarecrow (scr) transcription factor plays a crucial role in root cell radial patterning and is required for maintenance of the quiescent centre and differentiation of the endodermis. in response to phosphorus (p) deficiency, white lupin (lupinus albus l.) root surface area increases some 50-fold to 70-fold due to the development of cluster (proteoid) roots. previously it was reported that scr-like expressed sequence tags (ests) were expressed during early cluster root development. here the ...	2010	20167612
auxin biosynthesis and its role in plant development.	indole-3-acetic acid (iaa), the main auxin in higher plants, has profound effects on plant growth and development. both plants and some plant pathogens can produce iaa to modulate plant growth. although the genes and biochemical reactions for auxin biosynthesis in some plant pathogens are well understood, elucidation of the mechanisms by which plants produce auxin has proven to be difficult. so far, no single complete pathway of de novo auxin biosynthesis in plants has been firmly established. h ...	2010	20192736
purification and characterization of an antibacterial protein from dried fruiting bodies of the wild mushroom clitocybe sinopica.	a novel antibacterial protein with a molecular mass of 44 kda has been isolated from dried fruiting bodies of the wild mushroom clitocybe sinopica. sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the protein was composed of two subunits each with a molecular mass of 22 kda. its n-terminal amino-acid sequence, svqatvngdkml, has not been reported for other antimicrobial proteins. the purification protocol included ion exchange chromatography on deae-cellulose, cm-cellulose an ...	2010	20198215
performance of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry for identification of bacterial strains routinely isolated in a clinical microbiology laboratory.	matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) has recently been introduced in diagnostic microbiology laboratories for the identification of bacterial and yeast strains isolated from clinical samples. in the present study, we prospectively compared maldi-tof ms to the conventional phenotypic method for the identification of routine isolates. colonies were analyzed by maldi-tof ms either by direct deposition on the target plate or after a formic acid- ...	2010	20220166
cle peptides control medicago truncatula nodulation locally and systemically.	the clavata3/embryo-surrounding region (cle) peptides control the fine balance between proliferation and differentiation in plant development. we studied the role of cle peptides during indeterminate nodule development and identified 25 mtcle peptide genes in the medicago truncatula genome, of which two genes, mtcle12 and mtcle13, had nodulation-related expression patterns that were linked to proliferation and differentiation. mtcle13 expression was up-regulated early in nodule development. a hi ...	2010	20348212
arabidopsis rap2.2: an ethylene response transcription factor that is important for hypoxia survival.	arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) rap2.2 (at3g14230) is an apetala2/ethylene response factor-type transcription factor that belongs to the same subfamily as the rice (oryza sativa) submergence tolerance gene sub1a. rap2.2 is expressed at constitutively high levels in the roots and at lower levels in the shoots, where it is induced by darkness. effector studies and analysis of ethylene signal transduction mutants indicate that rap2.2 is induced in shoots by ethylene and functions in an ethylene- ...	2010	20357136
effect of certain elicitors on production of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in hairy root cultures of echium rauwolfii.	hairy root cultures of echium rauwolfii were obtained by infection of sterile apical shoots with agrobacterium rhizogenes. the linear increase in fresh weight was found to be parallel to the alkaloids production. the transformed cultures were exposed to different elicitors, such as methyl jasmonate (mj), quercetin and salicylic acid in order to increase their productivity. pyrrolizidine alkaloids were quantitatively determined by hplc. estimation of total alkaloids was achieved by peak area calc ...	2010	20383945
a dominant function of ccamk in intracellular accommodation of bacterial and fungal endosymbionts.	in legumes, ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (ccamk) is a component of the common symbiosis genes that are required for both root nodule (rn) and arbuscular mycorrhiza (am) symbioses and is thought to be a decoder of ca(2+) spiking, one of the earliest cellular responses to microbial signals. a gain-of-function mutation of ccamk has been shown to induce spontaneous nodulation without rhizobia, but the significance of ccamk activation in bacterial and/or fungal infection processes is no ...	2010	20409002
biochemical characterization of gram-positive and gram-negative plant-associated bacteria with micro-raman spectroscopy.	raman spectra of gram-positive and gram-negative plant bacteria have been measured with micro-raman spectrometers equipped with 785 and 514.5 nm lasers. the gram-positive bacteria microbacterium testaceum, paenibacillus validus, and clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis have strong carotenoid bands in the regions 1155-1157 cm(-1) and 1516-1522 cm(-1) that differentiate them from other tested gram-negative bacteria. in the raman spectrum of gram-positive bacteria bacillus megaterium exci ...	2010	20412629
a single-electron reducing quinone oxidoreductase is necessary to induce haustorium development in the root parasitic plant triphysaria.	parasitic plants in the orobanchaceae develop haustoria in response to contact with host roots or chemical haustoria-inducing factors. experiments in this manuscript test the hypothesis that quinolic-inducing factors activate haustorium development via a signal mechanism initiated by redox cycling between quinone and hydroquinone states. two cdnas were previously isolated from roots of the parasitic plant triphysaria versicolor that encode distinct quinone oxidoreductases. qr1 encodes a single-e ...	2010	20424175
impact of nutrient components on production of the phytoestrogens daidzein and genistein by hairy roots of psoralea corylifolia.	transformed hairy roots of psoralea corylifolia were established by infection with agrobacterium rhizogenes lba 9402. the aim of this work was to elucidate the effects of media constituents on production of the phytoestrogenic isoflavones daidzein and genistein. a. rhizogenes strain lba 9402 harboring ri plasmid was used to transform stem segments of in vitro seedlings. the resultant hairy roots were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and exhibited ri t-dna. transformed hairy root clon ...	2010	20428956
establishment of a transgenic hairy root system in wild and domesticated watermelon (citrullus lanatus) for studying root vigor under drought.	root vigor is an important trait for the growth of terrestrial plants, especially in water-deficit environments. although deserts plants are known for their highly developed root architecture, the molecular mechanism responsible for this trait has not been determined. here we established an efficient protocol for the genetic manipulation of two varieties of watermelon plants: a desert-grown wild watermelon that shows vigorous root growth under drought, and a domesticated cultivar showing retarda ...	2010	20445980
two medicago truncatula half-abc transporters are essential for arbuscule development in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis.	in the symbiotic association of plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi, the fungal symbiont resides in the root cortical cells where it delivers mineral nutrients to its plant host through branched hyphae called arbuscules. here, we report a medicago truncatula mutant, stunted arbuscule (str), in which arbuscule development is impaired and am symbiosis fails. in contrast with legume symbiosis mutants reported previously, str shows a wild-type nodulation phenotype. str was identified by pos ...	2010	20453115
agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation of a high oil-producing filamentous fungus umbelopsis isabellina.	the agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation procedure was developed by using the hygromycin b phosphotransferase gene (hph) as a selective marker for the oil-producing fungus umbelopsis isabellina. different conditions were combined to increase the transformation efficiency. the highest efficiency was obtained by using a. rhizogenes strain r105 and a vector with zygomycete promoter. southern blot analysis demonstrated that 71% of transformants contained random integrations of t-dna sequ ...	2010	20453313
misexpression of mir482, mir1512, and mir1515 increases soybean nodulation.	micrornas (mirnas) are important regulators of plant growth and development. previously, we identified a group of conserved and novel mirna families from soybean (glycine max) roots. many of these mirnas are specifically induced during soybean-bradyrhizobium japonicum interactions. here, we examined the gene expression levels of six families of novel mirnas and investigated their functions in nodule development. we used northern-blot analyses to study the tissue specificity and time course of mi ...	2010	20508137
alternative splicing of the maize ac transposase transcript in transgenic sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.).	the maize activator/dissociation (ac/ds) transposable element system was introduced into sugar beet. the autonomous ac and non-autonomous ds element excise from the t-dna vector and integrate at novel positions in the sugar beet genome. ac and ds excisions generate footprints in the donor t-dna that support the hairpin model for transposon excision. two complete integration events into genomic sugar beet dna were obtained by ipcr. integration of ac leads to an eight bp duplication, while integra ...	2010	20512402
function of the aux and rol genes of the ri plasmid in plant cell division in vitro.	auxin-autonomous growth in vitro may be related to the integration and expression of the aux and rol genes from the root-inducing (ri) plasmid in plant cells infected by agropine-type agrobacterium rhizogenes. to elucidate the functions of the aux and rol genes in plant cell division, plant cell lines transformed with the aux1 and aux2 genes or with the rolabcd genes were established using tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) bright yellow-2 (by-2) cells. the introduction of the aux1 and aux2 genes enabl ...	2009	20514230
[induction and in vitro culture of wedelia trilobata hairy roots].	to study the possibilities for improvement of the ornamental character and production of secondary metabolites by using wedelia trilobata hairy roots, we investigated the induction of w. trilobata l. hairy roots and its consumption changes of carbon resource, nitrogen resource, phosphate and calcium in the medium during liquid culture. the results showed that hairy roots could be incited from the cut edges of leaf explants 7 days after inoculation with agrobacterium rhizogenes atcc15834 and coul ...	2010	20518352
rapid and efficient identification of agrobacterium species by reca allele analysis: agrobacterium reca diversity.	the analysis of housekeeping reca gene sequences from 138 strains from 13 species or genomic species of agrobacterium, nine being biovar 1 genomospecies, and the others agrobacterium larrymoorei, agrobacterium rubi, agrobacterium sp. ncppb 1650, and agrobacterium vitis and one "former" agrobacterium species, rhizobium rhizogenes, led to the identification of 50 different reca alleles and to a clear delineation of the 14 species or genomospecies entirely consistent with that obtained by amplified ...	2010	20521039
the compact root architecture1 gene regulates lignification, flavonoid production, and polar auxin transport in medicago truncatula.	the root system architecture is crucial to adapt plant growth to changing soil environmental conditions and consequently to maintain crop yield. in addition to root branching through lateral roots, legumes can develop another organ, the nitrogen-fixing nodule, upon a symbiotic bacterial interaction. a mutant, cra1, showing compact root architecture was identified in the model legume medicago truncatula. cra1 roots were short and thick due to defects in cell elongation, whereas densities of later ...	2010	20522723
a nematode demographics assay in transgenic roots reveals no significant impacts of the rhg1 locus lrr-kinase on soybean cyst nematode resistance.	soybean cyst nematode (heterodera glycines, scn) is the most economically damaging pathogen of soybean (glycine max) in the u.s. the rhg1 locus is repeatedly observed as the quantitative trait locus with the greatest impact on scn resistance. the glyma18g02680.1 gene at the rhg1 locus that encodes an apparent leucine-rich repeat transmembrane receptor-kinase (lrr-kinase) has been proposed to be the scn resistance gene, but its function has not been confirmed. generation of fertile transgenic soy ...	2010	20529370