Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies specific for leptospira borgpetersenii serovar hardjo type hardjobovis and leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo type hardjoprajitno. | murine monoclonal antibodies were produced by immunizing balb/c mice with a killed whole-cell antigen prepared from leptospira borgpetersenii serovar hardjo type hardjobovis. six of these antibodies recognized epitopes on the homologous antigen and on whole-cell antigen prepared from leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo type hardjoprajitno. these antibodies did not cross-react with whole-cell antigens prepared from l. borgpetersenii serovar sejroe, 10 other pathogenic leptospira serovars, or th ... | 1999 | 9918336 |
| retinal immunopathology in horses with uveitis. | equine uveitis is a spontaneous disorder of horses that can serve as a model for the study of human uveitis. although the initial presentation is that of an anterior uveitis, retinal involvement has been noted in some cases. we report here the immunohistopathology of retinas from horses with uveitis. | 1998 | 9924920 |
| infection rate of leptospira interrogans in the field rodent, apodemus agrarius, in korea. | leptospirosis has significantly decreased in korea since 1988, following the leptospiral vaccination programme initiated in 1988. whether this wholly explains the decreased incidence is uncertain. as an initial step to answer this question, infection rates of leptospira interrogans in field rodents, apodemis agrarius, were examined and compared with previous data. two hundred and twenty-two a. agrarius were captured during october-december 1996. spirochaetes were isolated from 22 (9.9%) and lept ... | 1998 | 10030719 |
| arbitrarily primed pcr to type vibrio spp. pathogenic for shrimp. | a molecular typing study on vibrio strains implicated in shrimp disease outbreaks in new caledonia and japan was conducted by using ap-pcr (arbitrarily primed pcr). it allowed rapid identification of isolates at the genospecies level and studies of infraspecific population structures of epidemiological interest. clusters identified within the species vibrio penaeicida were related to their area of origin, allowing discrimination between japanese and new caledonian isolates, as well as between th ... | 1999 | 10049875 |
| antibodies against leptospira interrogans in california sea lion pups from gulf of california. | one hundred and twenty-five serum samples from california sea lion (zalophus californianus californianus) pups, and one from an adult female from eight reproductive rookeries located in seven islands in the gulf of california (mexico), were collected during the 1994-96 reproductive seasons. these were tested for antibodies to 19 serovars of leptospira interrogans using a microscopic agglutination test (mat). forty-one samples (32%) had antibody levels from 1:20 to 1:320 to one or more serovars. ... | 1999 | 10073358 |
| serosurvey for antibodies against brucella abortus and leptospira interrogans in pampas deer from brazil. | a survey for antibodies against brucella abortus, and leptospira interrogans was conducted on 17 pampas deer (ozotocerus bezoarticus) from pantanal matogrossense (state of mato grosso do sul, brazil) and on 24 pampas deer from parque nacional de emas (state of goiás, brazil). antibodies against b. abortus were detected by plate agglutination, rose bengal, and complement fixation tests; antibodies against leptospira interrogans were detected by the microscopic agglutination test. all sera were ne ... | 1999 | 10073359 |
| three cases of canine leptospirosis in quebec. | three dogs from different locations with acute renal failure were hospitalized in autumn 1996 and 1997. leptospira interrogans serovar pomona was detected by the microscopic agglutination test. all dogs recovered after antibiotic treatment. the importance of the development of vaccines adapted to emerging serovars in dogs should be addressed. | 1999 | 10086220 |
| risk factors associated with the seroprevalence of leptospirosis among students at the veterinary school of zaragoza university. | the prevalence and risk factors associated with leptospirosis were studied in veterinary students in zaragoza. sera were collected at the beginning and end of the academic year 1994 to 1995 and were tested by elisa against a pool of leptospira interrogans serovars bratislava, canicola, grippotyphosa, hardjo, icterohaemorrhagiae and pomona antigens. at the beginning of the study the prevalence was 8.14 per cent and at the end it was 11.4 per cent. the incidence of the disease during the study was ... | 1999 | 10204224 |
| investigation on process parameters involved in preparation of poly-dl-lactide-poly(ethylene glycol) microspheres containing leptospira interrogans antigens. | block copolymer, poly-dl-lactide-poly(ethylene glycol) (pela) with 11.5% of poly(ethylene glycol) (peg) content was prepared by bulk ring-opening polymerization using stannous chloride as initiator. pela microspheres with entrapped leptospira interrogans antigens, outer membrane protein (omp) were elaborated by solvent extraction method based on the formation of multiple w/o/w emulsion, and the resulting microspheres were characterized with respect to particle size, omp entrapment and morphology ... | 1999 | 10205644 |
| serologic survey for selected infectious disease agents in raccoons from illinois. | the determination of serologic titers to infectious organisms is a valuable tool for quantitating exposure to disease organisms. raccoons (procyon lotor) were live-trapped from september 1989 to october 1993 and samples collected from two distinct locations in west-central illinois (usa); a state recreational facility (park) and privately owned farming property (farm). sera were submitted for testing leptospira interrogans (serovars bratislava, canicola, grippotyphosa, hardjo, icterohemmorhagiae ... | 1999 | 10231761 |
| further determination of dna relatedness between serogroups and serovars in the family leptospiraceae with a proposal for leptospira alexanderi sp. nov. and four new leptospira genomospecies. | dna relatedness was determined among 303 strains of leptospira and leptonema. included in the analysis were reference strains from 228 well-characterized and recognized serovars. the study included 268 serovars from 29 named and one or more unnamed serogroups. the strains clustered into 17 dna hybridization groups, representing 12 previously described species (292 strains) and five new genomospecies (11 strains). the largest groups included leptospira interrogans (91 strains from 82 serovars), l ... | 1999 | 10319510 |
| access of antibody or trypsin to an integral outer membrane protein (p66) of borrelia burgdorferi is hindered by osp lipoproteins. | the outer membrane of borrelia burgdorferi, the lyme disease agent, contains lipoproteins anchored by their lipid moieties and integral proteins with membrane-spanning regions. we used the techniques of in situ proteolysis, immunofluorescence, in vitro growth inhibition, and cross-linking with formaldehyde to characterize topological relationships between p66, an integral membrane protein, and selected osp lipoproteins of b. burgdorferi. protease treatment of intact spirochetes cleaved p66 and o ... | 1999 | 10338494 |
| igg western blot as a confirmatory test in early syphilis. | sensitivity and specificity of igg detection by western blotting performed with a lysate of treponema pallidum whole cells were compared with those of the most common assays used in the laboratory diagnosis of syphilis, i.e. fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test (fta-abs) and treponemal haemagglutination assay (tpha). thirty-five serum samples obtained from twenty-one patients with a clinical diagnosis of early syphilis, based on the presence of typical chancre or skin or mucous membra ... | 1999 | 10360313 |
| validity of interpretation criteria for standardized western blots (immunoblots) for serodiagnosis of lyme borreliosis based on sera collected throughout europe. | western blotting (wb; immunoblotting) is a widely used tool for the serodiagnosis of lyme borreliosis (lb), but so far, no generally accepted criteria for performance and interpretation have been established in europe. the current study was preceeded by a detailed analysis of wb with whole-cell lysates of three species of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (u. hauser, g. lehnert, r. lobentanzer, and b. wilske, j. clin. microbiol. 35:1433-1444, 1997). in that study, interpretation criteria for a pos ... | 1999 | 10364592 |
| use of recombinant flagellin protein as a tracer antigen in a fluorescence polarization assay for diagnosis of leptospirosis. | the objective of the present study was to investigate the usefulness of a recombinant flagellar protein, flab, of leptospira interrogans serovar pomona in the serodiagnosis of leptospirosis by the fluorescence polarization assay (fpa). the recombinant protein flab was purified to homogeneity by a combination of nickel-nitriloacetic acid agarose chromatography, electrophoresis, and electroelution. purified flab was labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc). western blotting was performed by ... | 1999 | 10391870 |
| the smcl gene of listeria ivanovii encodes a sphingomyelinase c that mediates bacterial escape from the phagocytic vacuole. | the ruminant pathogen listeria ivanovii differs from listeria monocytogenes in that it causes strong, bizonal haemolysis and a characteristic shovel-shaped co-operative haemolytic ('camp-like') reaction with rhodococcus equi. we cloned the gene responsible for the differential haemolytic properties of l. ivanovii, smcl. it encodes a sphingomyelinase c (smase) highly similar (> 50% identity) to the smases from staphylococcus aureus (beta-toxin), bacillus cereus and leptospira interrogans. smcl wa ... | 1999 | 10417642 |
| incidence of leptospiral abortion in brazilian dairy cattle. | we examined dams' paired serum samples and foetal kidneys (histopathologically and attempting leptospiral cultures) from 120 brazilian holstein abortions from 10 herds near sao paulo, brazil, in 1996. leptospiras was isolated from 15 foetuses. the leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo was obtained from four, pomona from three and wolffi from eight foetuses. ten of these 15 foetuses showed a four-fold rise in titres between the day of abortion and the second samples taken 15 days later. fifty-sev ... | 1999 | 10423780 |
| dna relatedness of leptospira strains isolated from beef cattle in zimbabwe. | the dna relatedness of 17 leptospira strains isolated from beef cattle in zimbabwe was determined using the hydroxyapatite method. similarly to previously speciated african strains, all zimbabwe isolates belonged to either leptospira borgpetersenii or leptospira kirschneri. all serovars within serogroups pyrogenes (kwale, mombe and a strain closely related to serovar nigeria), hebdomadis (marondera and mhou), tarassovi (ngavi) and sejroe (balcanica and hardjo) were l. borgpetersenii. l. kirschne ... | 1999 | 10425768 |
| infertility and abortion among first-lactation dairy cows seropositive or seronegative for leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo. | to estimate the extent to which exposure to leptospira hardjo before or at the time of first parturition was associated with infertility and abortion during the first lactation among dairy cows that had not been vaccinated for > or = 12 months. | 1999 | 10461637 |
| comparative analysis of the lps biosynthetic loci of the genetic subtypes of serovar hardjo: leptospira interrogans subtype hardjoprajitno and leptospira borgpetersenii subtype hardjobovis. | although leptospira borgpetersenii subtype hardjobovis and l. interrogans subtype hardjoprajitno belong to different species, they are serologically indistinguishable and are therefore classified as serovar hardjo. since lps is the major antigen involved in serological classification, this implies that the lps of these subtypes is identical. comparison of the lps biosynthetic loci (rfb) of the subtypes revealed remarkable similarity, with 32 and 31 origins of replication (orfs) in the hardjopraj ... | 1999 | 10474199 |
| health evaluation of a pronghorn antelope population in oregon. | during 1996 and 1997, the u.s. fish and wildlife service conducted a study to determine the cause(s) of population decline and low survival of pronghorn antelope (antilocapra americana) fawns on hart mountain national antelope refuge (hmnar) located in southeastern oregon (usa). as part of that study, blood, fecal, and tissue samples from 104 neonatal fawns, 40 adult does, and nine adult male pronghorns were collected to conduct a health evaluation of the population. physiological parameters rel ... | 1999 | 10479084 |
| urban epidemic of severe leptospirosis in brazil. salvador leptospirosis study group. | leptospirosis has, traditionally, been considered a sporadic rural disease. we describe a large urban outbreak of leptospirosis. | 1999 | 10485724 |
| phylogenetic analysis of leptospira strains of pathogenic serovars using 23s rdna gene sequences. | the 23s ribosomal dnas were amplified from 11 strains of leptospira interrogans sensu lato by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and sequenced. the pcr products of about 290-bp dna fragments indicated more than 97% sequence similarity to each other. the phylogenetic tree based on the 23s ribosomal dnas obtained in this study revealed that 11 strains of l. interrogans examined composed a cluster distinct to that of l. weilii and l. borgpetersenii, confirming that these strains were similar to strain ... | 1999 | 10522384 |
| repetitive sequence of leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae strain ictero no. 1: a sensitive probe for demonstration of leptospira interrogans strains. | a 4.8-kilobase (kb) repetitive sequence element generated with kpni digestion was cloned from the leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae strain ictero no. 1. the sequence, repeated in tandem, was located on the 280-kb fragment between the fsei and asci sites on the chromosome by hybridization using the 4.8-kb fragment as a probe. we cloned the fragment containing the element for the ictero no. 1 strain in a lambda embl3 bacteriophage dna, and one out of 5 clones was sequenced. within ... | 1999 | 10529108 |
| expression in escherichia coli of flab, the gene coding for a periplasmic flagellin of leptospira interrogans serovar pomona. | a periplasmic flagellin gene, flab, of leptospira interrogans serovar pomona (strain pomona) was expressed in escherichia coli for the production and antigenic characterisation of the protein. the flab structural gene, which was previously cloned into puc118, was derived by pcr from the recombinant plasmid and used to generate an expression construct with the trc promoter-driven pproex ht system. under the conditions employed, the flab was expressed as inclusion bodies formed within e. coli, yie ... | 1999 | 10535640 |
| a protein-based phylogenetic tree for gram-positive bacteria derived from hrca, a unique heat-shock regulatory gene. | the dnak operon from bacillus subtilis and other gram-positive bacteria with low g + c dna content contains additional heat-shock genes, including hrca. the hrca gene encodes a transcription factor that negatively regulates heat-shock genes and is uniformly present in all gram-positive bacteria studied to date. an hrca homologue is also present in synechocystis species, leptospira interrogans, chlamydia trachomatis, caulobacter crescentus and methanococcus jannaschii, organisms that diverged ear ... | 1999 | 10555317 |
| direct and rapid detection by pcr of erysipelothrix sp. dnas prepared from bacterial strains and animal tissues. | a pcr method for rapid screening of erysipelothrix spp. in the slaughterhouse was carried out by using four species-specific sets of oligonucleotide primers after initial amplification with the primer set mo101-mo102, which amplifies the 16s rrna sequences of all four erysipelothrix species. the dna sequences coding for the rrna gene cluster, including 16s rrna, 23s rrna, and the noncoding region downstream of 5s rrna, were determined in order to design primers for the species-specific pcr detec ... | 1999 | 10565937 |
| leptospiral outer membrane proteins ompl1 and lipl41 exhibit synergistic immunoprotection. | new vaccine strategies are needed for prevention of leptospirosis, a widespread human and veterinary disease caused by invasive spirochetes belonging to the genus leptospira. we have examined the immunoprotective capacity of the leptospiral porin ompl1 and the leptospiral outer membrane lipoprotein lipl41 in the golden syrian hamster model of leptospirosis. specialized expression plasmids were developed to facilitate expression of leptospiral proteins in escherichia coli as the membrane-associat ... | 1999 | 10569777 |
| serological survey for antibodies against selected infectious agents among fallow deer (dama dama) in central italy. | sera were collected from 224 fallow deer (dama dama) in reserves in central italy. samples were tested for antibodies against chlamydia spp., brucella spp. and coxiella spp. with the complement fixation (cf) test. indirect immunofluorescence was used to test for antibodies against borrelia spp. and agglutination tests were conducted for leptospira interrogans antibodies. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) tests were used to detect antibodies against bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) and bovine ... | 1999 | 10574071 |
| a dna fragment of leptospira interrogans encodes a protein which shares epitopes with equine cornea. | horses infected with leptospira interrogans present several clinical disorders, one of them being recurrent uveitis. an antigenic relationship between this bacterium and equine cornea has been described in previous studies. with the aim to make progress on defining the molecular basis and pathogenesis of equine recurrent uveitis, here we describe the cloning of one dna fragment from a leptospira interrogans serovar pomona genomic lambda gt11 library. although there are references of transcriptio ... | 1999 | 10587299 |
| [an old disease with a new face: canine leptospirosis does not lose its relevance]. | the clinical features of the disease are presented based on retrospective analysis of the records of eleven dogs diagnosed with leptospirosis using clinical signs and results of the microagglutination test (mat) between 1991 and 1996. additionally, leptospira titres were determined in 30 healthy dogs and 20 hospitalised dogs without clinical or laboratory evidence of leptospirosis. a positive titre for l. grippotyphosa, l. pomona, l. bratislava, l. australis, l. icterohaemorrhagiae and/or l. can ... | 1999 | 10596270 |
| differential and independent roles of a sigma(32) homolog (rpoh) and an hrca repressor in the heat shock response of agrobacterium tumefaciens. | the heat shock response in alpha proteobacteria is unique in that a combination of two regulators is involved: a positive regulator, rpoh (sigma(32) homolog), found in the alpha, beta, and gamma proteobacteria, and a negative regulator, hrca, widely distributed in eubacteria but not in the gamma proteobacteria. to assess the differential roles of the two regulators in these bacteria, we cloned the hrca-grpe operon of agrobacterium tumefaciens, analyzed its transcription, and constructed deletion ... | 1999 | 10601208 |
| a clonal subpopulation of leptospira interrogans sensu stricto is the major cause of leptospirosis outbreaks in brazil. | leptospira is a highly diverse genus comprising many species and serogroups in brazil as well as all over the world. however, a study by arbitrarily primed pcr of 44 leptospiral strains isolated from humans during three different outbreaks in brazilian urban centers reveals that 43 of 44 isolates exhibit very similar fingerprints. analysis of these isolates indicates that they belong to a clonal subpopulation of leptospira interrogans sensu stricto. | 2000 | 10618140 |
| expression and immunologic characterization of recombinant heat shock protein 58 of leptospira species: a major target antigen of the humoral immune response. | a clone of leptospira interrogans serovar lai that was isolated by immunoscreening of a genomic lambda library with sera from convalescent patients with leptospirosis directed expression of a unique 62-kda protein in escherichia coli. when examined by sds-page, the protein comigrated with an immunodominant protein present in leptospiral cell lysate. determination of the nucleotide sequence of the 2.7-kb insert dna identified two genes homologous to the hsp58 and hsp10 of l. interrogans serovar c ... | 1999 | 10619602 |
| characterization of the leptospira interrogans s10-spc-alpha operon. | a ribosomal protein gene cluster from the spirochaete leptospira interrogans was characterized. this locus is homologous to the escherichia coli s10, spc, and alpha operons. analysis of l. interrogans rna showed that the ribosomal protein genes within this cluster are co-transcribed, thus forming an operon. two transcription initiation sites were mapped by primer extension, upstream of fus, the first gene in this cluster, and sequences from this region provided promoter activity in e. coli. tran ... | 2000 | 10620683 |
| potential role of phospholipases in virulence and fungal pathogenesis. | microbial pathogens use a number of genetic strategies to invade the host and cause infection. these common themes are found throughout microbial systems. secretion of enzymes, such as phospholipase, has been proposed as one of these themes that are used by bacteria, parasites, and pathogenic fungi. the role of extracellular phospholipase as a potential virulence factor in pathogenic fungi, including candida albicans, cryptococcus neoformans, and aspergillus, has gained credence recently. in thi ... | 2000 | 10627494 |
| functional conservation of the polysaccharide biosynthetic protein wbpm and its homologues in pseudomonas aeruginosa and other medically significant bacteria. | wbpm is a highly conserved protein involved in synthesis of the o antigens of pseudomonas aeruginosa. homologues of this protein have been identified in a large number of bacteria, and they can be divided into two subfamilies: subfamily 1, including wbpm, contains large proteins ( approximately 600 amino acids), while subfamily 2, typified by hp0840 (flaa1) of helicobacter pylori, contains smaller proteins ( approximately 350 amino acids) homologous to the c termini of proteins in subfamily 1. a ... | 2000 | 10639466 |
| monoclonal antibodies suitable for incorporation into a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for detection of specific antibodies to leptospira interrogans serovar pomona. | monoclonal antibodies (mab) were produced by fusing sp2/0-ag14 myeloma cells with spleen cells from balb/c and nd4 mice that were immunized with killed leptospira interrogans serovar pomona whole cells. thirty hybridomas which produced antibodies (of the igg1, igg2a, igg2b, or igg3 isotype) that bound to epitopes on the serovar pomona whole cell antigen were identified by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). twenty-eight of these 30 mabs cross-reacted in the indirect elisa with ... | 2000 | 10665542 |
| development of an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of leptospiral antibodies in dogs. | serology plays an important role in the diagnosis of leptospirosis. few laboratories have the resources, expertise, or facilities to perform the microscopic agglutination test (mat). thus, there is a need for a rapid and simple serological test that could be used in any diagnostic laboratory. in this study, a genus-specific, heat-stable antigenic preparation from leptospira interrogans serovar pomona was used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of leptospiral antibo ... | 2000 | 10680654 |
| [characterization of immunoblots of hydrophobic outer membrane proteins leptospira interrogans serovar lai strain 017]. | outer membrane proteins (omp) of leptospira interrogans serovar lai strain 017 were extracted by using triton x-114 (tx-114). the omp were solubilized and phase partitioned into both the hydrophilic, aqueous phase and hydrophobic, detergent phase. tx-114 did not solubilize the protoplasmic cylinder in intact organisms. the protoplasmic cylinders contained a lot of protein bands and most of the tx-114 solubilized proteins partitioned into the aqueous phase, whereas only 14 protein bands entered t ... | 1997 | 10683918 |
| [the effect of a vaccine made from 39kd hydrophobic outer membrane protein of leptospira interrogans on neurohumoral and red cell immunity function of the guinea pigs]. | a randomized control trial was conducted to determine the immunoprotective efficacy of ompl39. 36 guinea pigs were divided into ompl39 group, whole leptospiral cell vaccine (wlcv) group, other proteins of leptospira group, and negative control group (normal saline, ns). the results showed that all the guinea pigs of infected ompl39 and wlcv still survived, but all the control guinea pigs died. immunoprotective efficacy was 100% for ompl39 and wlcv. ompl39 levels were similar to wlcv levels and h ... | 1998 | 10683996 |
| [immunoprotection in guinea pigs using dna recombinant plasmid rpdjt and expressed protein p68 in l. interrogans serovar lai]. | immunoprotection against the infection by leptospira interrogans serogroup icterohemorrhagiae serovar lai strain 017 was demonstrated in guinea pigs vaccinated with dna recombinant plasmid rpdjt and expressed protein p68 derived from genomic library of leptospira strain 017. thirty days after active immunization, each group received intraperitoneally (1/2 dose) and subcutaneously (1/2 dose) inoculum of l. interrogans serovar lai stain 017; cultures were adjusted to 5 x 10(8) cells/ml. all guinea ... | 1998 | 10684084 |
| cloning, sequencing, and transcriptional analysis of the dnak heat shock operon of listeria monocytogenes. | the complete dnak operon of listeria monocytogenes was isolated by chromosome walking using the previously cloned dnak gene as a probe. molecular analysis of the locus identified 6 genes in the order hrca, grpe, dnak, dnaj, orf35, and orf29. primer extension analysis revealed 3 transcription start sites-s1, s2, and s3-upstream of the hrca, grpe, and dnaj, respectively. the transcription from s1 was heat inducible. analysis of the sequences revealed the consensus promoter sequences of gram-positi ... | 2000 | 10701836 |
| microbial relatives of the seed storage proteins of higher plants: conservation of structure and diversification of function during evolution of the cupin superfamily. | this review summarizes the recent discovery of the cupin superfamily (from the latin term "cupa," a small barrel) of functionally diverse proteins that initially were limited to several higher plant proteins such as seed storage proteins, germin (an oxalate oxidase), germin-like proteins, and auxin-binding protein. knowledge of the three-dimensional structure of two vicilins, seed proteins with a characteristic beta-barrel core, led to the identification of a small number of conserved residues a ... | 2000 | 10704478 |
| [report on a leptospirosis outbreak in the city of santa fe, argentina, march-april 1998]. | in march-april 1998 in a neighborhood in the city of santa fe, argentina, there was an outbreak of an acute disease characterized by fever, headaches, and intense myalgias. this article presents the studies surrounding this outbreak and the attempts to identify the source and the mode of transmission. the epidemiological, serological, and clinical findings indicated that the causative agent was leptospira interrogans. as a screening test, macroscopic agglutination with heat-resistant antigen was ... | 2000 | 10715972 |
| the leptospiral major outer membrane protein lipl32 is a lipoprotein expressed during mammalian infection. | we report the cloning of the gene encoding the 32-kda lipoprotein, designated lipl32, the most prominent protein in the leptospiral protein profile. we obtained the n-terminal amino acid sequence of a staphylococcal v8 proteolytic-digest fragment to design an oligonucleotide probe. a lambda-zap ii library containing ecori fragments of leptospira kirschneri dna was screened, and a 5.0-kb dna fragment which contained the entire structural lipl32 gene was identified. several lines of evidence indic ... | 2000 | 10722630 |
| identification of a 36-kda fibronectin-binding protein expressed by a virulent variant of leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae. | we investigated the ability of a virulent strain of leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae, its isogenic avirulent variant and a saprophytic strain to bind fibronectin using alkaline phosphatase-labelled fibronectin. a single 36-kda fibronectin-binding protein was expressed only by the virulent strain and was located in the outer sheath according to proteinase k treatment results. the interaction of this protein with fibronectin was specific and the region of fibronectin bound to thi ... | 2000 | 10731601 |
| [cloning, characterization and expression in e. coli of the flagellin gene from leptospira interrogans serovar lai]. | to obtain a large amount of recombinant endoflagellin protein of leptospsira, we have cloned the fla b gene from leptospira interrogans serovar lai strain 017, which encodes the core flagellar protein. the entire open reading frame was amplified by polymerase chain reaction, which was digested with endonucleases sal i and cla i, then was orientationally cloned into the expression vector, pt7-7. the recombinant plasmid was transformed into escherichia coli jm109 (de3) for expression. after induct ... | 1998 | 10743226 |
| analysis of leptospira isolates from mainland portugal and the azores islands. | from 228 recent leptospira isolates from mainland portugal and azorean wild mammals, 149 were characterized at the serovar level by monoclonal antibodies (mabs), a quick serological method in epidemiological studies. in order to compare this antigenic information with that from new genetic techniques, a sample of isolates was analyzed through pulsed-field agarose gel electrophoresis (pfge) (n=71), mapped restriction site polymorphisms (mrsps) in pcr-amplified rrna genes (n=45, including 13 sapro ... | 2000 | 10754245 |
| genome plasticity among related ++lactococcus strains: identification of genetic events associated with macrorestriction polymorphisms. | the genomic diversity of nine strains of the lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris (ncdo712, ncdo505, ncdo2031, ncdo763, mms36, c2, lm0230, lm2301, and mg1363) was studied by macrorestriction enzyme analysis using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. these strains were considered adequate for the investigation of genomic plasticity because they have been described as belonging to the same genetic lineage. comparison of apai and smai genome fingerprints of each strain revealed the presence of several m ... | 2000 | 10762249 |
| detection and differentiation of leptospira spp. serovars in bovine semen by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. | in view of the importance of venereal transmission of bovine leptospirosis, the objective of the present study was to apply the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to 26 serovars of leptospira interrogans, l. borgpetersenii, l. santarosai, l. noguchii and l. biflexa, to determine the detection threshold in semen samples and to evaluate the possibility of differentiation among serovars using 19 restriction endonucleases. the results showed that all serovars were amplified and the detection threshold ... | 2000 | 10781725 |
| serosurvey for selected infectious disease agents in free-ranging black and white rhinoceros in africa. | two hundred and eighty one serum samples collected from free-ranging black (diceros bicornis) and white (ceratotherium simum) rhinoceros, in the republic of south africa (rsa), namibia, and kenya from 1987-97, were examined for antibody to 16 different infectious agents. positive antibody titers were detected against akabane (59.8%), bluetongue (55%), african horse sickness (27.9%), epizootic haemorrhagic disease of deer (19.4%), parainfluenza type 3 (25.3%), bovine herpes virus 1 (3.1%), equine ... | 2000 | 10813614 |
| cloning and characterization of the mammalian brain-specific, mg2+-dependent neutral sphingomyelinase. | the enzymatic breakdown of sphingomyelin by sphingomyelinases is considered the major source of the second messenger ceramide. studies on the contribution of the various described acidic and neutral sphingomyelinases to the signaling pool of ceramide have been hampered by the lack of molecular data on the neutral sphingomyelinases (nsmases). we recently identified a mammalian nsmase, an integral membrane protein with remote similarity to bacterial sphingomyelinases. however, its ubiquitous expre ... | 2000 | 10823942 |
| rpob gene analysis as a novel strategy for identification of spirochetes from the genera borrelia, treponema, and leptospira. | spirochetes are emerging pathogens for which culture and identification are partly unresolved. in fact, 16s rrna-based sequencing is by far the most widely used pcr methodology that is able to detect such uncultivable pathogens. however, this assay actually has some limitations linked to potential problems of contamination, which hampers diagnosis. to circumvent this, we have devised a simple pcr strategy involving targeting of the gene encoding the rna polymerase beta subunit (rpob), a highly c ... | 2000 | 10834976 |
| three case studies involving leptospira interrogans serovar pomona infection in mixed farming units. | three case studies involving leptospira interrogans serovar pomona outbreaks within mixed farming systems in south africa are described. on 2 farms, pigs constituted the main enterprise with cattle and sheep of secondary importance. on each of these 2 farms, abortion due to l. pomona in sows was confirmed by culture, and antibody titres to pomona were detected in cattle, sheep, horses and dogs. on the 3rd farm, a piggery was of secondary importance to cattle farming. abortion and death in cows o ... | 1999 | 10855820 |
| recombinant chimeric borrelia proteins for diagnosis of lyme disease. | current serologic lyme disease tests use whole borrelia cells as the source of antigen. these assays are difficult to standardize and to optimize for sensitivity and specificity. to help solve these problems, we constructed a library of recombinant chimeric proteins composed of portions of key antigens of borrelia burgdorferi. these proteins were then used to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. we compared our assay with the most sensitive of three whole-cell borrelia assays. we found ... | 2000 | 10878038 |
| detection of leptospira spp. in the aqueous humor of horses with naturally acquired recurrent uveitis. | leptospiral organisms have long been presumed to be associated with the presence of equine recurrent uveitis. this project was undertaken to determine the presence of leptospira spp. in the aqueous humor of horses with uveitis to determine if there was an association with inflammation. thirty horses were determined to have recurrent uveitis based on clinical evaluation or history. sixteen horses were judged clinically and historically to be free of uveitis and were used as controls. aqueous humo ... | 2000 | 10878072 |
| spirochaetal lipoproteins and pathogenesis. | 2000 | 10878114 | |
| evidence of cross-protection within leptospira interrogans in an experimental model. | killed whole-cell preparations were used as bacterins against leptospirosis. as this type of protection is considered to be serogroup-specific, several serogroups were added to the usual vaccines, and the most pathogenic serovar was chosen for each group. different leptospire extracts were evaluated for their protective capacity against acute lethal leptospirosis in gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). total extracts induced complete protection against homologous challenges and partial protection ag ... | 2000 | 10924790 |
| body distribution of poly-dl-lactide-poly(ethylene glycol) microspheres with entrapped leptospira interrogans antigens following intravenous and oral administration to guinea-pigs. | poly-dl-lactide-poly(ethylene glycol) (pela) microspheres with entrapped antigens were administered intravenously and orally into guinea-pigs to quantitatively determine the in-vivo distribution and release profiles. pela microspheres containing 125i-labelled outer-membrane protein leptospira interrogans antigens (125i-omp) were prepared by double-emulsion solvent extraction procedure, and characterized with respect to size, morphology and in-vitro release profiles. the fractured sections of liv ... | 2000 | 10933126 |
| uptake and killing of leptospira interrogans and borrelia burgdorferi, spirochetes pathogenic to humans, by reticuloendothelial cells in perfused rat liver. | in situ-perfused rat livers were infused with a single dose of 1.5 x 10(7) radiolabeled cells of leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae, the agent of leptospirosis, or with borrelia burgdorferi irs, the agent of lyme disease. significant (p<0.0001) differences in the liver uptake of l. interrogans and of b. burgdorferi were observed, the uptakes being 37.4%+/-2.3% for l. interrogans and 60.5%+/-3.1% for b. burgdorferi. leptospires, in contrast to borreliae, were recovered from the li ... | 2000 | 10948172 |
| identification and partial characterization of a novel hemolysin from leptospira interrogans serovar lai. | it has been suggested that leptospiral hemolysins are important in the virulence and pathogenesis of leptospirosis. we have isolated an escherichia coli clone carrying the 7.8kb dna insert from a genomic library of leptospira interrogans serovar lai by plaque hybridization using a sequence derived from the sphingomyelinase c gene (spha) of l. borgpetersenii. the clone showed a clear beta-hemolytic zone on sheep blood agar and high hemolytic activities on both human and sheep erythrocytes in liqu ... | 2000 | 10974532 |
| serological prevalence to six leptospiral serovars in cattle in asturias (northern spain). | the prevalence of antibody to six serovars of leptospira interrogans in cattle in asturias (northern spain) was determined by the microscopic agglutination test (mat). using 50% agglutination or lysis at a dilution of 1:10 or more as the criteria for seropositivity, 371 of 3578 (10.36%) animals were found to react with one serovar. the most commonly detected serovars were pomona (5.59%) and grippotyphosa (2.37%), whilst serovar hardjo (0.75%), icterohaemorrhagiae (0.64%), poi (0.64%) and autumna ... | 2000 | 10982084 |
| leptospira autumnalis isolated from a human case from avadi, india, and the serovar's predominance in local rat and bandicoot populations. | leptospira were successfully isolated from the urine of an indian patient who had been clinically diagnosed as having leptospirosis. in an attempt to determine the source of this infection, 28 rats (rattus rattus) and 58 bandicoots (bandicota bengalensis) living in the vicinity of the patient's home in avadi, a suburban area of the city of chennai (madras), india, were then investigated. each animal was checked for infection by microscopical examination of fresh and stained urine, serological an ... | 2000 | 10983563 |
| borrelia burgdorferi periplasmic flagella have both skeletal and motility functions. | bacterial shape usually is dictated by the peptidoglycan layer of the cell wall. in this paper, we show that the morphology of the lyme disease spirochete borrelia burgdorferi is the result of a complex interaction between the cell cylinder and the internal periplasmic flagella. b. burgdorferi has a bundle of 7-11 helically shaped periplasmic flagella attached at each end of the cell cylinder and has a flat-wave cell morphology. backward moving, propagating waves enable these bacteria to swim in ... | 2000 | 10995478 |
| the le1 bacteriophage replicates as a plasmid within leptospira biflexa: construction of an l. biflexa-escherichia coli shuttle vector. | we have discovered that le1, one of the plaque-forming phages previously described as lytic for the leptospira biflexa saprophytic spirochete (i. saint girons, d. margarita, p. amouriaux, and g. baranton, res. microbiol. 141:1131-1138, 1990), was indeed temperate. le1 was found to be unusual, as southern blot analysis indicated that it is one of the few phages to replicate in the prophage state as a circular plasmid. the unavailability of such small endogenous replicons has hindered genetic expe ... | 2000 | 11004167 |
| polymerase chain reaction for the laboratory diagnosis of aseptic meningitis and encephalitis. | a protocol for testing cerebrospinal fluid specimens using a range of pcr assays for the diagnosis of central nervous system infection was developed and used to test prospectively 383 specimens. pcr assays were used for the detection of adenovirus, borrelia burgdorferi, enteroviruses, epstein barr virus, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, human herpes virus type 6, jc virus, leptospira interrogans, listeria monocytogenes, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, measles virus, mumps virus, mycoba ... | 2000 | 11018820 |
| localization of the leptospira interrogans metf gene on the cii secondary chromosome. | an open reading frame of 885 nucleotides was identified as the leptospira interrogans metf gene. the deduced amino acid sequence (294 amino acids) showed similarities with escherichia coli methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (metf or mthfr) (33% identity) and with the n-terminal part of human mthfr (33% identity). the l. interrogans metf gene complements an e. coli metf mutant to prototrophy, suggesting the functionality of the folate branch converging to form methionine. in addition, the l. in ... | 2000 | 11024273 |
| hemolytic and hemoxidative activities in mycoplasma penetrans. | mycoplasma penetrans is a newly isolated mollicute from the urine of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus that demonstrates the capacity to adhere to and invade human cells. a previous report, based on assays with mouse red blood cells (rbcs), indicated that m. penetrans lacked hemolytic activity. in our studies, we incubated different isolates of m. penetrans with various rbc species and observed hemolytic zones surrounding individual mycoplasma colonies. all m. penetrans strains ... | 2000 | 11035754 |
| the spirochete flaa periplasmic flagellar sheath protein impacts flagellar helicity. | spirochete periplasmic flagella (pfs), including those from brachyspira (serpulina), spirochaeta, treponema, and leptospira spp., have a unique structure. in most spirochete species, the periplasmic flagellar filaments consist of a core of at least three proteins (flab1, flab2, and flab3) and a sheath protein (flaa). each of these proteins is encoded by a separate gene. using brachyspira hyodysenteriae as a model system for analyzing pf function by allelic exchange mutagenesis, we analyzed purif ... | 2000 | 11073915 |
| identification of residues involved in catalytic activity of the inverting glycosyl transferase wbbe from salmonella enterica serovar borreze. | synthesis of the o:54 o antigen of salmonella enterica is initiated by the nonprocessive glycosyl transferase wbbe, assigned to family 2 of the glycosyl transferase enzymes (gt2). gt2 enzymes possess a characteristic n-terminal domain, domain a. based on structural data from the gt2 representative spsa (s. j. charnock and g. j. davies, biochemistry 38:6380-6385, 1999), this domain is responsible for nucleotide binding. it possesses two invariant asp residues, the first forming a hydrogen bond to ... | 2001 | 11114903 |
| temperature-regulated protein synthesis by leptospira interrogans. | leptospira interrogans is an important mammalian pathogen. transmission from an environmental source requires adaptations to a range of new environmental conditions in the organs and tissues of the infected host. since many pathogenic bacteria utilize temperature to discern their environment and regulate the synthesis of appropriate proteins, we investigated the effects of temperature on protein synthesis in l. interrogans. bacteria were grown for several days after culture temperatures were shi ... | 2001 | 11119530 |
| macrolide resistance conferred by base substitutions in 23s rrna. | 2001 | 11120937 | |
| identification of new repetitive element in leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni and its application to pcr-based differentiation of leptospira serogroups. | a new repetitive dna element was identified in an isolate of leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni from a patient in salvador, brazil. a sau3a genomic library from this strain was constructed and screened for repetitive dna elements. an insert of 438 bp (rep1) from one library clone hybridized to multiple chromosomal dna fragments resolved electrophoretically after digestion with bamhi, hindiii, and mfei. a single oligonucleotide primer, designated irepl, was designed to generate multiple p ... | 2001 | 11136769 |
| antibody isotypes in sera of equine fetuses aborted due to leptospira interrogans serovar pomona-type kennewicki infection. | leptospira-specific antibody isotypes in sera of late term equine fetuses aborted due to leptospira interrogans serovar pomona-type kennewicki infection were characterized and compared with those of their dams. igm was the dominant leptospira-specific isotype in both fetuses and mares. however, igga was the isotype in highest concentration in petal sera and strong leptospira-specific igga but no iggb and little or no igg(t) were detected. in contrast, although iggb was quantitatively the dominan ... | 2000 | 11137127 |
| competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of leptospira interrogans serovar pomona antibodies in bovine sera. | a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using a specific monoclonal antibody (m898) was developed for detection of bovine antibodies to leptospira interrogans serovar pomona. this assay was evaluated using field sera (n = 190) with serovar pomona microscopic agglutination test (mat) titers of > or =100 as the positive population (group a); field sera (n = 1,445) which were negative in the mat (1:100 dilution) for serovar pomona (group b); and sera (from a specific-pathogen-free c ... | 2001 | 11139193 |
| lateral-flow assay for rapid serodiagnosis of human leptospirosis. | an assay device for the rapid detection of leptospira-specific immunoglobulin m (igm) antibodies in human sera is presented. the sensitivity (85.8%) and specificity (93.6%) of the assay compared well (91.9% agreement) with those of an igm enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay routinely used in the serodiagnosis of leptospirosis. the sensitivity of the assay varied with the stage of the disease. the assay uses stabilized components and is simply performed by the addition of serum and sample fluid to ... | 2001 | 11139212 |
| use of rpob gene analysis for detection and identification of bartonella species. | identification of bartonella species is of increasing importance as the number of infections in which these bacteria are involved increases. to date, these gram-negative bacilli have been identified by various serological, biochemical, and genotypic methods. however, the development of alternative tools is required, principally to circumvent a major risk of contamination during sample manipulation. the aim of our study was to investigate the possible identification of various bartonella species ... | 2001 | 11158086 |
| effects of hydrostatic pressure on the leptospira interrogans: high immunogenicity of the pressure-inactivated serovar hardjo. | the hardjoprajitno strain of leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo was subjected to different hydrostatic pressures. complete inactivation occurred when the leptospires were treated with 2 kbar for 60 min. electron microscopy showed dislocation of the outer membrane, partial loss of the helical shape and extrusion of the axial filament from the cytoplasmic cylinder of the pressurized leptospires. when the pressure-treated leptospires were inoculated into rabbits they were highly immunogenic. the ... | 2001 | 11163675 |
| polarized entry of uropathogenic afa/dr diffusely adhering escherichia coli strain ih11128 into human epithelial cells: evidence for alpha5beta1 integrin recognition and subsequent internalization through a pathway involving caveolae and dynamic unstable microtubules. | afa/dr diffusely adhering escherichia coli strain ih11128 bacteria basolaterally entered polarized epithelial cells by a cd55- and cd66e-independent mechanism through interaction with the alpha5beta1 integrin and a pathway involving caveolae and dynamic microtubules (mts). ih11128 invasion within hela cells was dramatically decreased after the cells were treated with the cholesterol-extracting drug methyl-beta-cyclodextrin or the caveola-disrupting drug filipin. disassembly of the dynamically un ... | 2001 | 11179364 |
| penicillin-binding proteins in leptospira interrogans. | the leptospira interrogans pona and pbpb genes were isolated and characterized. pona and pbpb encode the penicillin-binding proteins (pbps) 1 and 3, respectively. there is little sequence variation between the pbp genes from two l. interrogans strains (serovar icterohaemorrhagiae strain verdun and serovar pomona strain rz11). the deduced l. interrogans pbp 1 and pbp 3 protein sequences from the two strains shared over 50% similarity to homologous proteins from escherichia coli. it was demonstrat ... | 2001 | 11181373 |
| dogs as sentinels for human lyme borreliosis in the netherlands. | serum samples from hunters (n = 440), their hunting dogs (n = 448), and hunters without dog ownership (n = 53) were collected in the netherlands at hunting dog trials and were tested for antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi by a whole-cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. additionally, 75 healthy pet dogs were tested. the results of this study indicate that the seroprevalence among hunting dogs (18%) was of the same order as the seroprevalence among pet dogs (17%) and hunters (15%). the ser ... | 2001 | 11230393 |
| pcr amplification, molecular cloning, dna sequence analysis and immuno/protection in balb/c mice of the 33 kda endoflagellar protein of l. interrorgans serovar lai. | a pair of oligonucleotide primers were designed to amplify the endoflagella gene of l. interrogans serovar lai. an approximately 840 bp fragment was generated with pcr and inserted into plasmid puc8, after the fragment and puc8 were digested respectively with bamhi and psti. a recombinant plasmid (designated as plf1) was obtained. sds-page analysis indicated that a 33 kda was expressed in e. coli jm103 harboring plf1 and the expression level of the protein was 11% of the total bacterial soluble ... | 1997 | 11243093 |
| [leptospirosis after a staff outing]. | three male colleagues aged between 34 and 38 years were admitted at the same time to three different rhein-main area hospitals. they presented with a variety of symptoms, including high fever (39.0 to 40.0 degrees c), chills, headache with meningismus or facial paralysis, mild hepatitis and renal involvement. about 18 days before they had been together on a boat rafting tour when the boat capsized when they had fallen into a river in high flood. | 2000 | 11256045 |
| leptospirosis in kuala lumpur and the comparative evaluation of two rapid commercial diagnostic kits against the mat test for the detection of antibodies to leptospira interrogans. | the aim of the study was to look into the epidemiology of serodiagnosed cases of leptospirosis at the university hospital and compare two commercial elisa assays to the microscopic agglutination test (mat). demographic data for all serodiagnosed cases for the years 1991-1997 were collected. from this data, 104 sera (n = 104) were selected as samples for comparative evaluation of the commercial elisas (indx dip-s-ticks and panbio elisa) to the mat test. thirty two (n = 32) negative control sera w ... | 2000 | 11256343 |
| leptospiral lipopolysaccharide activates cells through a tlr2-dependent mechanism. | leptospira interrogans are zoonotic pathogens that have been linked to a recent increased incidence of morbidity and mortality in highly populated tropical urban centers. they are unique among invasive spirochetes in that they contain outer membrane lipopolysaccharide (lps) as well as lipoproteins. here we show that both these leptospiral outer membrane constituents activate macrophages through cd14 and the toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2). conversely, it seems that tlr4, a central component for reco ... | 2001 | 11276206 |
| leptospirosis. | leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic infection with a much greater incidence in tropical regions and has now been identified as one of the emerging infectious diseases. the epidemiology of leptospirosis has been modified by changes in animal husbandry, climate, and human behavior. resurgent interest in leptospirosis has resulted from large outbreaks that have received significant publicity. the development of simpler, rapid assays for diagnosis has been based largely on the recognition that ear ... | 2001 | 11292640 |
| first evidence for gene replacement in leptospira spp. inactivation of l. biflexa flab results in non-motile mutants deficient in endoflagella. | leptospira spp. offer many advantages as model bacteria for the study of spirochaetes. however, homologous recombination between introduced dna and the corresponding chromosomal loci has never been demonstrated. a unique feature of spirochaetes is the presence of endoflagella between the outer membrane sheath and the cell cylinder. we chose the flab flagellin gene, constituting the flagellar core, as a target for gene inactivation in the saprophyte leptospira biflexa. the amino acid sequence of ... | 2001 | 11298286 |
| morbidity-mortality factors and survival of an urban coyote population in arizona. | the health of coyotes (canis latrans) in urban areas has not been studied. our objectives were to assess the health of coyotes in tucson (arizona, usa) by determining the prevalence of antibodies to selected pathogens, estimating survival rates, and identifying sources of mortality. we drew blood from 22 coyotes to evaluate the prevalence of heartworm (dirofilaria immitis) antigens, and antibodies to canine distemper virus (cdv), infectious canine hepatitis (ich), canine parvovirus (cpv), and se ... | 2001 | 11310882 |
| brachyspira (serpulina) hyodysenteriae gyrb mutants and interstrain transfer of coumermycin a(1) resistance. | to further develop genetic techniques for the enteropathogen brachyspira hyodysenteriae, the gyrb gene of this spirochete was isolated from a lambdazapii library of strain b204 genomic dna and sequenced. the putative protein encoded by this gene exhibited up to 55% amino acid sequence identity with gyrb proteins of various bacterial species, including other spirochetes. b. hyodysenteriae coumermycin a(1)-resistant (cn(r)) mutant strains, both spontaneous and uv induced, were isolated by plating ... | 2001 | 11319078 |
| new tests for syphilis: rational design of a pcr method for detection of treponema pallidum in clinical specimens using unique regions of the dna polymerase i gene. | a sensitive and specific pcr method to detect treponema pallidum in clinical specimens was developed. pcr primers were designed based on two unique features of the dna polymerase i gene (pola). the first distinctive characteristic is that the region codes for a high cysteine content and has low homology with similar regions of dna polymerase i gene from known microorganisms. the second unique feature is the presence of four insertions in the gene. pcr tests using primers designed on the basis th ... | 2001 | 11326018 |
| serological study of the frequency of leptospiral infections among dairy cows in farms with suboptimal reproductive efficiency in galicia, spain. | between march 1996 and september 1997, 15 farms located in galicia (nw spain) and experiencing suboptimal reproductive efficiency were visited and blood samples were obtained from all the lactating cows (n=442). additionally, 1060 samples were obtained monthly from a cohort of 219 lactating cows belonging to nine of the farms between march 1996 and april 1997. all the samples were tested by microscopic agglutination (mat) using live antigens representing the following leptospira interrogans sero ... | 2001 | 11337143 |
| lipid metabolic changes in experimentally induced leptospiral infection with serovars australis, canicola and icterohaemorrhagiae. | changes in lipid fractions were evaluated in young guinea pigs when infected with 1 ml of 7 day old live cultures of leptospira interrogans serovars australis, canicola and icterohaemorrhagiae. statistically significant elevation in triglycerides, very low density lipoprotein and phospholipid and a significant reduction in high density lipoprotein (hdl) in all the groups was observed. cholesterol and low density lipoprotein showed ascending trend in icterohaemorrhagiae group, whereas they were n ... | 2001 | 11349531 |
| evaluating genome dynamics: the constraints on rearrangements within bacterial genomes. | inversions and translocations distinguish the genomes of closely related bacterial species, but most of these rearrangements preserve the relationship between the rearranged fragments and the axis of chromosome replication. within species, such rearrangements are found less frequently, except in the case of clinical isolates of human pathogens, where rearrangements are very frequent. | 2000 | 11380986 |
| [integrated disease control in dairy herds. a case study from the veterinarians' viewpoint]. | integrated control of bovine virus diarrhoea virus, bovine herpesvirus-1, leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo subtype hardjobovis, mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, and salmonella dublin in dairy herds may provide economic benefits superior to those obtained by sequential disease control, because, among other things, it allows optimization of voluntary culling. however, in practice there are no adequate instruments to establish priorities in voluntary culling. therefore, in this stu ... | 2001 | 11392987 |
| listeria pathogenesis and molecular virulence determinants. | the gram-positive bacterium listeria monocytogenes is the causative agent of listeriosis, a highly fatal opportunistic foodborne infection. pregnant women, neonates, the elderly, and debilitated or immunocompromised patients in general are predominantly affected, although the disease can also develop in normal individuals. clinical manifestations of invasive listeriosis are usually severe and include abortion, sepsis, and meningoencephalitis. listeriosis can also manifest as a febrile gastroente ... | 2001 | 11432815 |
| leptospiral proteins recognized during the humoral immune response to leptospirosis in humans. | leptospirosis is an emerging zoonosis caused by pathogenic spirochetes belonging to the genus leptospira. an understanding of leptospiral protein expression regulation is needed to develop new immunoprotective and serodiagnostic strategies. we used the humoral immune response during human leptospirosis as a reporter of protein antigens expressed during infection. qualitative and quantitative immunoblot analysis was performed using sera from 105 patients from brazil and barbados. sera from patien ... | 2001 | 11447174 |
| genetic differences among the lps biosynthetic loci of serovars of leptospira interrogans and leptospira borgpetersenii. | the gene organization in the lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic (rfb) locus was analyzed in seven leptospira interrogans serovars within serogroup icterohemorrhagiae, seven non-icterohemorrhagiae serovars and one leptospira borgpetersenii serovar. two groups of loci were delineated based on dna hybridization and sequence analysis. group 1 contained the two hardjo subtypes, hardjoprajitno and hardjobovis. group 2 (containing copenhageni, pomona, naam, mwogolo, smithi, lai, canicola, autumnalis, pyro ... | 2001 | 11476985 |
| [leptospira interrogans serovar pomona: detection of antigenic differences among 3 regional isolates from cattle and a reference strain]. | leptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by leptospira interrogans. this disease is diagnosed by quantification of specific immunoglobulins in serum by the microagglutination test (mat). the aims of this research were: a) to compare the protein profiles of 3 clinical isolates of bovine leptospirosis with the reference strain used for the mat, and b) to identify the immunodomain antigens of the regional isolates through page and immunoblotting techniques of bovine sera from infected, vaccinated and mat ... | 2001 | 11494753 |
| leptospira strains kept at the national centre for leptospirosis in rome, italy. | since the national centre for leptospirosis (department of bacteriology and medical mycology, istituto superiore di sanità, rome) was established in 1956 by b. babudieri, efforts have been devoted to identifying new leptospira isolates and maintaining a collection of strains that today comprises 670 strains, 550 of which have been totally or partially classified, and 120 are still under study. this collection includes 23 serogroups and 156 serovars of pathogenic leptospires, and 32 serogroups an ... | 2001 | 11497082 |