Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| nucleotide sequence and expression of the spike (s) gene of canine coronavirus and comparison with the s proteins of feline and porcine coronaviruses. | we have cloned, sequenced and expressed the spike (s) gene of canine coronavirus (ccv; strain k378). its deduced amino acid sequence has revealed features in common with other coronavirus s proteins: a stretch of hydrophobic amino acids at the amino terminus (the putative signal sequence), another hydrophobic region at the carboxy terminus (the membrane anchor), heptad repeats preceding the anchor, and a cysteine-rich region located just downstream from it. like other representatives of the same ... | 1994 | 8021609 |
| [sexually transmitted disease infection in hiv carriers]. | heterosexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) appears to occur readily all over the world. recent reports have suggested an association between hiv and sexually transmitted disease (std). we conducted a case study among foreign female prostitutes who were seropositive to hiv to determine the prevalence of std. in this study, we checked the prevalence of std infection in 19 hiv seropositive female prostitutes. overall, 84 percent were seropositive for chlamydia trachomatis, ... | 1994 | 8027594 |
| vertical transmission of hepatitis c virus. | 1994 | 8028623 | |
| vertical transmission of hepatitis c virus. | 1994 | 8028624 | |
| differences in immune recognition of cytochrome p4502d6 by liver kidney microsomal (lkm) antibody in autoimmune hepatitis and chronic hepatitis c virus infection. | lkm-1 antibody, which characterizes a subtype of autoimmune hepatitis (aih), is also found in some patients with chronic hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection. it has been suggested that hcv initiates autoimmunity through molecular mimicry, because there is partial identity between hcv and cytochrome p4502d6 (cyp2d6), the putative target of lkm-1. whether cyp2d6 is the target of lkm-1 in hcv-related liver disease, however, is controversial. to clarify this issue, we have studied by phage plaque assa ... | 1994 | 8033426 |
| intravenous immune globulin in primary immunodeficiency. | the development of safe and effective intravenous preparations of immune globulin (ivig) represents a major advance in the treatment of patients with severe antibody deficiencies. such therapy is expensive, few trials have been performed to compare one type of ivig preparation with another under equivalent conditions, and published studies have been of relatively short duration. the overall consensus is that high-dose ivig (at least 400/mg/kg/month) is superior to lower doses and most clinicians ... | 1994 | 8033427 |
| schistosomiasis as an important determining factor for the response of egyptian patients with chronic hepatitis c to therapy with recombinant human alpha-2 interferon. | the aim of the present study was to compare the response to recombinant human alpha-2 interferon therapy in 2 groups of egyptian patients having chronic hepatitis c with or without associated schistosomiasis. group 1 included 36 patients with associated intestinal schistosomiasis, and group 2 included 24 patients without schistosomiasis. all patients had abnormal serum aminotransferase levels and were negative for hepatitis b surface antigen and anti-hepatitis core antibody, but positive for hep ... | 1994 | 8036685 |
| recurrent and de novo giant cell hepatitis after orthotopic liver transplantation. | this study examines the clinical and pathologic course of seven patients who developed giant cell hepatitis (gch) after liver transplantation. five of these patients also had gch as their native liver disease and experienced a particularly aggressive course because of recurrent disease, beginning 1-21 months after transplantation. two died and another two required hepatic retransplantation because of recurrent gch; one of them had gch recurrence in a second liver allograft. a remaining patient w ... | 1994 | 8037295 |
| rolling review--the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of viral hepatitis. | five major hepatotrophic viruses have been identified. the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of chronic viral hepatitis continues to be intensely researched. experimental evidence suggests that hla restricted virus-specific t cells play a role in hepatocellular injury in type a hepatitis. the absence of chronic infection indicates the effectiveness of the host immune response to hepatitis a virus (hav). it is postulated that hav may rarely trigger an autoimmune chronic hepatitis. active prop ... | 1994 | 8038356 |
| a simplified method for pcr detection of hepatitis c virus rna from human serum. | 1994 | 8038701 | |
| transmission of hepatitis c virus but not human immunodeficiency virus type 1 following sharing of cleaned injecting equipment. | 1994 | 8039787 | |
| viral inactivation in platelet concentrates. | although the current risk of posttransfusion infection is very low in north america and western europe, there continues to be considerable interest in measures to inactivate residual viruses in blood components. the human immunodeficiency virus is of greatest concern, but hepatitis c virus is also considered to be a significant problem. htlv-i and -ii and hbv may also be transmitted by transfusion, although infrequently. it is likely that effective inactivation methods will have to reduce viral ... | 1994 | 8044313 |
| [hepatic disease associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection: anatomo-clinical study]. | to study the spectrum of liver disease in the infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and to assess the usefulness and indications of liver biopsy. | 1994 | 8049102 |
| increasing hepatitis c virus rna levels in hemophiliacs: relationship to human immunodeficiency virus infection and liver disease. multicenter hemophilia cohort study. | we have previously observed an increased frequency of liver failure in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected hemophiliacs. the purpose of this study was to quantitate hepatitis c virus (hcv) rna levels in serial samples from hiv-seropositive (hiv+) and hiv-seronegative (hiv-) hemophiliacs before and after hiv seroconversion, and to examine the relationship of hcv rna levels to cd4 cell counts and to hepatic dysfunction over time. hcv rna levels were measured on serial samples of serum stor ... | 1994 | 8049420 |
| lack of evidence for hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection in fulminant non-a, non-b hepatitis. | we studied eight patients who had orthotopic liver transplantation for fulminant hepatic failure in the course of acute non-a, non-b hepatitis. hbv dna was searched for extensively in the liver tissue by pcr using several sets of primers in conventional and heminested reactions. all patients were negative for hbv dna in liver tissue by all assays employed; furthermore, they were negative for hev rna, hcv rna, and hbv dna in serum. although the causative role of hev and hcv in fulminant non-a, no ... | 1994 | 8050316 |
| recurrent clinical exacerbations of liver disease during the course of infection with hepatitis c virus. | symptomatic clinical relapses during the course of chronic hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection are uncommon. furthermore, acute liver dysfunction with elevated bilirubin during alpha-interferon therapy without other apparent coexisting diagnoses is rare. the case of a 31-yr-old man with three clinical exacerbations of hcv infection over an 18-month period is described. the third episode was characterized by rising serum aminotransferase levels on alpha-interferon therapy. the precise cause of this ... | 1994 | 8053441 |
| effectiveness of relative low-dose interferon treatment for patients with chronic hepatitis c. | to demonstrate effectiveness by relative low-dose of interferon treatment for patients with chronic hepatitis c, we investigated the histological activity index (hai) score of liver tissue, hepatitis c virus (hcv) genotype by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with type-specific primers, hcv rna levels by competitive pcr, serum aminotransferase, sex, age, history of blood transfusion and history of hepatitis in patients with chronic hepatitis c prior to treatment. twenty-two patients were treated w ... | 1994 | 8070751 |
| hepatitis c virus infection in a sexually active inner city population. the potential for heterosexual transmission. | the prevalence of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection and associated risk factors in an inner city sexually active heterosexual population participating in a prospective study for the evaluation of heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (hiv-1) were examined. individuals with prior history of injection drug use or receipt of blood products were excluded from the study. of 571 participants, 25 (4.4%) were seropositive for hcv, 39 (7%) for hiv, and 125 (22%) for hepatitis b ... | 1994 | 8070933 |
| temporal profile of hepatitis c virus antibody and genome in infants born to mothers infected with hepatitis c virus but without human immunodeficiency virus coinfection. | to investigate mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis c virus, serial follow-up of anti-hcv and hepatitis c virus rna was undertaken in 11 infants born to hepatitis c virus-infected mothers who had been screened from 11,688 pregnant women. none of the hepatitis c virus-infected mothers was infected by human immunodeficiency virus. anti-hcv was checked by the second-generation enzyme immunoassay kit, and hepatitis c virus rna was examined by reverse transcriptase-nested polymerase chain react ... | 1994 | 8071541 |
| membranous nephropathy associated with hepatitis c virus infection and human immunodeficiency virus disease. | 1994 | 8072622 | |
| [the incidence of detecting hepatitis c viral antibodies in different age groups of the population in northeastern ukraine]. | examinations for the presence of antibodies to hepatitis c virus (anti-c100-3) were carried out in 1143 human subjects, residents of the town of sumy, ukraine (681 blood donors, 176 school children, 286 subjects hospitalized for abortions and for treatment of acute traumas). anti-hcv were determined by enzyme immunoassay using a commercial test system "abbott" of the first generation, with confirmation of the positive findings by neutralization test. anti-hcv were found in 2.3% free-giving blood ... | 1993 | 8073754 |
| hepatitis c virus (hcv) rna and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) p24 antigen in the cryoglobulin of hemophiliacs with hiv and/or hcv infection. | 1994 | 8075285 | |
| interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis c virus infection. | antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis c with interferon is reviewed. alpha-interferon, both recombinant alpha-2a, -2b and human lymphoblastoid interferon given at a dose of > or = 3mu t.i.w. for 6-12 months will result in normalisation of alt levels (complete response) in some 50-60% of treated patients with chronic hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection. approximately half of the complete responders to interferon will relapse within 6 months once treatment is withdrawn (non-sustained response). l ... | 1994 | 8086199 |
| isotype-specific immune response to a single hepatitis c virus core epitope defined by a human monoclonal antibody: diagnostic value and correlation to pcr. | in this study we tested the seroreactivity of 223 selected anti-hcv-reactive blood donors to the human b-cell epitope n-vyllpr-c (c34-39) of the hepatitis c virus core antigen. the epitope was recently identified and characterized by the human monoclonal igg antibody ul/f10 and is located within the amino acid residues 34-39 of the aminoterminal core region. the blood donor sera were selected from anti-hcv elisa (ortho, 2nd generation)-reactive samples. sixty-seven of these sera were further rea ... | 1994 | 8086507 |
| hepatitis c virus rna in saliva and breastmilk of hepatitis c carrier mothers. | 1993 | 8094800 | |
| natural history of hepatitis c virus infection in multitransfused hemophiliacs: effect of coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus. the multicenter hemophilia cohort study. | the objective of this prospective cohort study was to describe the natural history of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection and the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) on the clinical manifestations of hcv liver disease. two hundred twenty-three hemophiliacs were followed in a comprehensive care setting with periodic clinical and laboratory evaluations. dates of hiv seroconversion were determined retrospectively from frozen sera. hcv assays were performed by a "second generation" four-antig ... | 1993 | 8098752 |
| p53 gene mutations and 17p allelic deletions in hepatocellular carcinoma from japan. | p53 gene mutations at codon 249 have been reported in hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) from china and south africa, a phenomenon shown to be closely associated with food contamination by aflatoxin. there have been few reports, however, in regard to p53 gene mutations in hcc from other geographic areas. | 1993 | 8100480 |
| intercellular adhesion molecule-1 concentration in sera of patients with acute and chronic liver disease: relationship to disease activity and cirrhosis. | to study the influence of chronic hepatitis on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 serum concentration, we measured intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in the serum of 84 patients with chronic liver disease (17 chronic persistent hepatitis, 42 chronic active hepatitis and 25 active cirrhosis) caused by hepatitis b virus (n = 46), hepatitis c virus (n = 10) and autoimmunity (n = 28). furthermore, 20 patients with acute viral hepatitis (16 hepatitis b virus and 4 hepatitis a virus) and 6 patients with ... | 1993 | 8104856 |
| neutralizing antibodies against hepatitis c virus and the emergence of neutralization escape mutant viruses. | we developed an in vitro assay for antibodies to hepatitis c virus (hcv) that bind to virions and prevent initiation of the replication cycle in susceptible cells in vitro. these antibodies therefore appear to be capable of neutralizing the virus. using this assay and a standard inoculum of hcv of known infectivity, we have measured the antibody in serial serum samples obtained from the same chronically infected patient over 14 years following onset of his hepatitis. such antibody was found in s ... | 1994 | 8107212 |
| problem hepatitis viruses: the mutants. | genetic variations in the known human hepatitis viruses are probably the result (a) of high viral replication rates and poor or absent proofreading ability intrinsic to rna viruses (hav, hcv, hdv, hev) and (b) to a dna virus (hbv) that uses a reverse-transcription mechanism for genomic replication. nucleotide substitutions, deletions, duplications, insertions, and rearrangements resulting in amino acid changes may have no consequences, may impair replication, change host susceptibility, or may l ... | 1994 | 8109589 |
| outcome of bought living non-related donor kidneys followed up at a single centre. | between october 1985 and november 1991, 16 dialysis patients travelled to bombay and bought kidneys from living non-related indian donors for u.s. $7,372. one patient died peri-operatively; one contracted hiv and another hepatitis b virus infections. six patients are presently positive for hepatitis c virus antibody compared to two cadaver graft recipients (p = 0.03); two of the six patients have chronic active hepatitis. five-year patient and graft survival rates (75% and 43%, respectively) wer ... | 1994 | 8117399 |
| validation of virus inactivation and removal for the manufacturing procedure of two immunoglobulins and a 5% serum protein solution treated with beta-propiolactone. | intravenous immunoglobulins and serum protein solutions are manufactured from human plasma pools of healthy, screened donors. a step-by-step validation of virus removal and/or inactivation was performed for the manufacturing process, which includes cold ethanol fractionation, beta-propiolactone (beta-pl) treatment, uv irradiation, thermal inactivation and other chemical and physical purification steps. the total viral clearance factors achieved for the entire manufacturing process were by severa ... | 1993 | 8117439 |
| pathogenesis of posttransfusion viral hepatitis in children with beta-thalassemia. | the pathogenesis of posttransfusion hepatitis was determined in 14 children with beta-thalassemia. all had blood samples obtained in 1980 or 1981, were vaccinated against hepatitis b virus in 1983 and had another serum sample collected in 1989. seven children had detectable antibodies against hepatitis c virus before vaccination, and all were positive in 1989. with specific solid-phase enzyme immunoassays, all children had antibodies against hepatitis b virus, x and polymerase antigens in 1981, ... | 1994 | 8119679 |
| density heterogeneities of hepatitis c virus in human sera due to the binding of beta-lipoproteins and immunoglobulins. | heterogeneities in the density of hepatitis c virus rna-carrying material (hcv-rna-cm) found in human sera (1.03-1.20 g/cm3) are attributed to the binding of low-density lipoproteins and/or of igg. in some sera hcv-rna-cm seems to be nearly totally bound to beta-lipoproteins and cannot be precipitated by anti-igg (gamma); in others more than 95% of hcv-rna-cm is bound to igg and cannot be precipitated by anti-beta-lipoprotein. furthermore, there are sera from which hcv-rna-cm can be completely b ... | 1993 | 8121333 |
| treatment of six patients with chronic active hcv hepatitis, with low dose natural human interferon alpha administered orally. | following the widely accepted therapeutic standard of treatment of hcv infection with parenteral interferon alpha, and encouraged by the author's won good experience with orally administered natural human interferon alpha in low doses (leuhuifn alpha (ldou)), applied to chronic active hbv hepatitis patients, this form of interferon was given to six randomly selected hcv infected patients (2 women, 4 men) aged 34-62 years. the diagnosis was made based on a clinical and histological evaluation and ... | 1993 | 8129569 |
| therapy of acute and chronic viral hepatitis. | viral hepatitis comprises five different diseases caused by five different viral agents: hepatitis a, b, c, d, and e virus. all five forms can cause acute hepatitis, only hepatitis b, c and d can cause chronic hepatitis. alpha interferon has been shown to be effective in inducing sustained remissions in all three forms of chronic viral hepatitis. its efficacy in acute viral hepatitis has not been documented, although preliminary results suggest that interferon may decrease the chronicity rate of ... | 1994 | 8140956 |
| displacement of hepatitis b virus by hepatitis c virus as the cause of continuing chronic hepatitis. | it has been shown that hepatitis c virus (hcv) superinfection may suppress hepatitis b virus (hbv) leading to hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) clearance and that hepatitis may persist after hbsag clearance in a few patients. the role of hcv in continuing hepatitis after termination of chronic hbsag antigenemia remains to be explored in a series of patients. | 1994 | 8143971 |
| hepatitis viruses: changing patterns of human disease. | viral hepatitis is a disease of antiquity, but evidence for more than one etiologic agent has been recognized only since the 1940s, when two viruses (hepatitis a virus and hepatitis b virus) were thought to account for all disease. in the past 20 years, three additional hepatitis agents (hepatitis c virus, hepatitis d virus, and hepatitis e virus) have been discovered, and there is evidence for at least one additional virus. each of the five recognized hepatitis viruses belongs to a different vi ... | 1994 | 8146130 |
| sexually transmitted diseases and other risk factors for cervical dysplasia among southwestern hispanic and non-hispanic white women. | to assess risk factors for high-grade cervical dysplasia among southwestern hispanic and non-hispanic white women. | 1994 | 8151876 |
| low risk of sexual transmission of hepatitis c virus in somalia. | the prevalence in somalia of antibody to hepatitis c virus (anti-hcv) was determined in a survey of 236 female prostitutes, 80 sexually transmitted disease (std) clinic patients, 79 male soldiers, and 43 tuberculosis patients. of 98 (22%) serum samples repeatedly anti-hcv reactive by first and second generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits, only 8 (1.8%) were anti-hcv positive by immunoblot assay (riba-2). anti-hcv seropositivity by immunoblot assay was not associated with any risk gro ... | 1994 | 8154002 |
| possible role of high-titer maternal viremia in perinatal transmission of hepatitis c virus. | to study perinatal transmission of hepatitis c virus (hcv), 15 anti-hcv-positive carrier mothers without human immunodeficiency virus coinfection were recruited. at delivery, maternal blood was taken and anti-hcv titer was determined and hcv rna measured in each serum sample by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (pcr). a competitive pcr was used in selected samples to quantitate hcv concentration. the 15 neonates were followed regularly for 1 year and their sera were also assayed fo ... | 1994 | 8158040 |
| chronic liver disease in peru: role of viral hepatitis. | the prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis c virus (anti-hcv) was determined in 105 patients with biopsy-proven chronic liver disease and 128 comparison patients without any evidence of liver pathology living in lima, peru. using a second-generation eia screening and supplemental immunoblot assay, anti-hcv was detected in four of 13 patients with chronic hepatitis, in 11% of 85 patients with cirrhosis, and in none of seven patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. only two (1.6%) comparison patient ... | 1994 | 8158107 |
| etiological role of hepatitis e virus in sporadic fulminant hepatitis. | non-a, non-b hepatitis viruses have been implicated as the etiological agent(s) in up to 60% of patients with fulminant hepatitis. these agents are reported to induce a higher mortality than other causes of fulminant hepatitis. hepatitis e virus (hev) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) at present constitute the major identifiable non-a, non-b hepatitis agents. of these, hev has been established as the sole cause of epidemic hepatitis in afro-asian countries, and fulminant hepatitis has been recorded du ... | 1994 | 8158108 |
| simultaneous amplification and detection of specific hepatitis b virus and hepatitis c virus genomic sequences in serum samples. | a sensitive and specific two-stage polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique was developed for the simultaneous amplification and detection of specific genomic sequences of hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) in serum samples. initially, hcv-rna was reverse transcribed to cdna. this cdna and dna from hbv were then co-amplified using primer pairs derived from conserved regions of hbv and hcv nucleotide sequences. the specificity of pcr products was confirmed by liquid hybridizatio ... | 1994 | 8158116 |
| viral hepatitis in pregnancy. | hepatitis a is usually a benign, self-limited infection. a chronic carrier state does not exist, and perinatal transmission does not occur. hepatitis b may cause chronic infection, and infants delivered to infected mothers are at considerable risk of developing neonatal hepatitis. passive and active immunization with hbig and hbv is highly effective in preventing perinatal transmission. hepatitis d typically occurs as a coinfection or superinfection with hepatitis b. patients infected with both ... | 1993 | 8160022 |
| hepatitis c, hepatitis b, and human immunodeficiency virus infections among non-intravenous drug-using patients attending clinics for sexually transmitted diseases. | the seroprevalences of and risk factors for hepatitis c virus (hcv), hepatitis b virus (hbv), human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), and syphilis were determined among 1257 consecutive non-intravenous drug-using patients attending baltimore sexually transmitted diseases clinics: 122 (9.7%) had antibodies to hcv (anti-hcv), 192 (15.3%) had antibodies to hbv (anti-hbc), 44 (3.5%) had antibodies to hiv (anti-hiv), and 60 (4.8%) were seropositive for syphilis. for males, independent predictors of anti- ... | 1994 | 8169429 |
| [viral hepatitis as an iatrogenic infection]. | the aim of the study was to explore relationship between viral hepatitis and medical procedures with continuity of tissues. the analysis of the results showed that 50% patients were infected in hospitals; in the group with hepatitis b--62.5% and in the group with non-b hepatitis 50%. nosocomial infections with virus hepatitis b after transfusion occurred in 2.5% of cases, but the frequency of pth with non a, non b hepatitis (probably with hcv) is 8.5%. these data support the postulate that measu ... | 1993 | 8171201 |
| a randomized, controlled trial of human lymphoblastoid interferon in patients with compensated type c cirrhosis. | to determine the efficacy of human lymphoblastoid interferon (l-ifn) in the treatment of compensated type c cirrhosis, 30 patients were assigned randomly to three groups, consisting of 10 patients each, who were treated as follows. | 1994 | 8172137 |
| theoretical and technical concerns in inactivation/elimination of viruses in plasma derivatives. | to know the virus eliminating/inactivating capacity of the manufacturing process of a plasma protein, it is essential to analyse it by adding virus to the source material or to different materials obtained at various stages of the manufacturing procedure and then to determine the elimination/inactivation of this virus. to carry out such experiments properly, three prerequisites have to be fulfilled: (i) the manufacturing procedure must be scaled down as exactly as possible; (ii) relevant test vi ... | 1993 | 8174794 |
| viral safety of solvent-detergent treated blood products. | laboratory research commencing in 1982 led to licensing in the united states in 1985 of a solvent/detergent (sd)-treated anti-haemophilic factor (ahf) concentrate. licensing was based on (a) studies demonstrating the inactivation of several marker viruses [vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), sindbis virus, sendai virus], human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), hepatitis b virus (hbv), and non-a, non-b hepatitis virus [nanbhv; now known to be principally hepatitis c virus (hcv)] added to ahf just befor ... | 1993 | 8174797 |
| inactivation of hiv, hbv, hcv related viruses and other viruses in human plasma derivatives by pasteurisation. | laboratory studies were made to verify the capacity and efficacy of the pasteurisation step (heat treatment at 60 degrees c for 10 hours in stabilized aqueous solution) in inactivating various pathogenic viruses (e.g. hiv, hbv, hcv related viruses, hav, hsv, poliovirus). these experiments proved that pasteurisation effectively inactivates a broad spectrum of viruses with a range of different physicochemical properties. the results, summarized in inactivation kinetics, demonstrate that complete i ... | 1993 | 8174799 |
| viral validation of the manufacturing process of high purity albumin from placentas. | we report on the viral validation of an industrial purification process which is used to manufacture high purity human albumin from frozen placentas. this process has been used without any modification since 1980 except for a progressive increase in production scale to reach a capacity of 19 tons of placentas per day. the extraction purification process includes five alcohol manufacturing steps, some with strict conditions of alcohol concentration, acid ph, temperature and one including chlorofo ... | 1993 | 8174808 |
| hepatitis c, other types of non-b parenteral hepatitis and blood transfusion. | since the implementation of sensitive screening tests for hepatitis b virus infection, the majority of post-transfusion hepatitis has been due to infection with hepatitis c virus (hcv). the recent introduction of tests for antibodies to this virus has demonstrably reduced the incidence of post-transfusion hcv infection. there is some residual post-transfusion and sporadic hepatitis, which may possibly be caused by an as yet undescribed aetiologic agent. however, evidence for or against such an a ... | 1993 | 8174817 |
| sequence of the spike protein of the porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus. | the complete sequence of the spike (s) gene of the br1/87 isolate of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (pedv) was determined from cdna clones. the predicted polypeptide was 1383 amino acids long, contained 29 potential n-linked glycosylation sites and showed structural features similar to those of the coronavirus spike protein. the pedv s protein, like that of the members of the transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev)-related subset, lacks a proteolytic site to yield cleaved amino and carboxy ... | 1994 | 8176382 |
| seroprevalence of human t-lymphotropic virus, hepatitis c virus, and human immunodeficiency virus in asian american potential bone marrow donors. | asian americans are generally underrepresented both as volunteer blood and bone marrow donors. | 1994 | 8178332 |
| pityriasis rubra pilaris, lichen planus, alopecia universalis and vitiligo in a patient with chronic viral hepatitis c. | a 43-year-old man, affected with alopecia universalis and vitiligo since his childhood, developed erythrodermic pityriasis rubra pilaris followed then by lichen planus; chronic viral hepatitis c was diagnosed. this appears to be a unique constellation of cutaneous diseases implying both autoimmunity and hepatitis c virus. | 1994 | 8186518 |
| viral diseases in ethiopia: a review. | ethiopia is endemic for many viral diseases. serosurveys have demonstrated the high prevalence rate of hepatitis b virus. there are also indications of high transmission for hepatitis c, hepatitis e and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). the population is exposed to poliomyelitis, hepatitis a, measles, rubella and mumps early in life. rotaviral diarrhoea is an important cause of infant morbidity and mortality. vast areas of the country are endemic for yellow fever and rabies. the extent of many ... | 1993 | 8187657 |
| [prevention of viral recurrence following liver transplantation for post-hepatitis b and b-delta cirrhosis]. | the incidence of recurrence of hepatitis b virus (hbv) following orthotopic liver transplantation (olt) is as high as 80% when no attempt at prevention has been considered. hbv reinfection is associated with the reappearance of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and hbv dna in serum and, in most cases, with rapid severe graft damage. immunoprophylaxis using polyclonal anti-hbs immunoglobulins reduces the risk of recurrence but this long-term therapy remains highly expensive. in this report, we ... | 1994 | 8191267 |
| multiple unconfirmed-reactive screening tests for viral antibodies among blood donors. | in december 1991, the united states food and drug administration received reports of blood donations with unconfirmed reactivity on screening tests for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus, human t-lymphotropic virus type i, and hepatitis c virus (hcv). of 91 donors with these test results, 57 (63%) reported a recent influenza vaccination. | 1994 | 8191558 |
| [incidence of serological markers of hepatitis b and c viruses and hiv in a population of drug abusers hospitalized from 1990 to 1992]. | data on drug abusers collected at the pharmacodependence centre of the moselle (ipm) from 1990 to 1992 was used to establish the prevalences of hepatitic b and c viruses (hbv, hcv) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and the clinicobiological type of the subjects infected with the hbv. transaminase levels in hcv positive subjects was measured and a correlation was looked for between the serology status and age and duration of drug abuse. the prevalence for seropositivity for hbv and hcv was h ... | 1994 | 8192286 |
| transmission of hepatitis c in an isolated area in japan: community-acquired infection. the south kiso hepatitis study group. | the spread of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection not due to drug needle sharing or transfusion is largely unknown in communities. a search for risk factors for hcv infection in an endemic area might elucidate inapparent modes of transmission. | 1994 | 8194707 |
| [influence of hepatitis c virus infection and human immunodeficiency on the natural history of chronic delta hepatitis]. | to analyze the prevalence and clinical significance of hcv an hiv infections among a group of patients with chronic delta hepatitis. | 1994 | 8204383 |
| peptide immunogen mimicry of putative e1 glycoprotein-specific epitopes in hepatitis c virus. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) accounts for most cases of acute and chronic non-a and non-b hepatitis with serious consequences that may lead to hepatocellular carcinoma. the putative envelope glycoproteins (e1 and e2) of hcv probably play a role in the pathophysiology of the virus. in order to map the immunodominant domains of the e1 glycoprotein, two epitopes from amino acid residues 210 to 223 (p1) and 315 to 327 (p2) were predicted from the hcv sequence. immunization of mice with the synthetic pept ... | 1994 | 8207814 |
| neurotropism of human coronavirus 229e. | the 299e prototype strain of human coronavirus (hcv-229e) has so far been mainly associated with infections of the respiratory tract. in the present study, we show evidence for infection of the central nervous system (cns) by hcv-229e, both in vitro and in vivo. various human cell lines of cns origin were tested for their susceptibility to infection by hcv-229e. production of viral antigens was monitored by indirect immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies and infectious progeny virions by ... | 1993 | 8209751 |
| genome organization of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus. | in order to study the organization of the genome of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (pedv), we constructed a cdna library in a phage expression vector by using poly(a) rna from pedv-infected vero cells. an anti-pedv hyperimmune serum was used to probe the library. the first isolated clone mapped within the n gene and was subsequently used for rescreening the library. the selected clones allowed us to establish the sequence of the 3'-most 7.4 kb of the pedv genome. analysis of the cdna sequences ... | 1993 | 8209771 |
| characterization of the human coronavirus 229e (hcv 229e) gene 1. | the sequence of the hcv 229e gene 1 has been determined and compared with the homologous sequences of the murine hepatitis virus and the avian infectious bronchitis virus. the coding sequence of gene 1 is 20,273 nucleotides in length. within this coding region are two large open reading frames, orf 1a (4,086 codons) and orf 1b (2,687 codons) which overlap by 40 nucleotides. in the overlapping region, the genomic rna can be folded into a pseudoknot structure, an element which is known to mediate ... | 1993 | 8209774 |
| replication and multiplication of hepatitis c virus genome in human foetal liver cells. | the ability to obtain primary long-term cultures of human foetal hepatocytes maintaining liver differentiation characteristics in serum-free medium prompted us to test their susceptibility to hepatitis c virus infection. using pcr, we detected the presence of the hcv rna-positive strand in the supernatants and in the cells of the virus-infected hepatocyte cultures, at various times post-infection. evidence of effective virus genome replication and multiplication was also based on the time-depend ... | 1993 | 8210708 |
| the human bone-marrow-derived b-cell line ce, susceptible to hepatitis c virus infection. | the euploid-diploid cell line ce, issuing spontaneously from a normal human bone marrow culture, displays b-cell differentiation and activation markers and is positive (> or = 90% of cells) for epstein-barr nuclear antigens. ce suspensions were inoculated with serum from a patient chronically infected with hepatitis c virus (hcv). after inoculation, the cells were regularly subcultured with a split ratio of 1:2 every 4-6 days. rna extracted as late as 65 days after infection from the inoculated ... | 1993 | 8210709 |
| analysis of hepatitis c virus capsid, e1, and e2/ns1 proteins expressed in insect cells. | the baculovirus/insect cell expression system was used to express the capsid protein and glycoproteins (e1 and e2/ns1) of the hepatitis c virus (hcv). each polypeptide domain was expressed individually using two different constructs varying at their carboxy termini in order to retain or delete hydrophobic domains that may be involved in membrane association. the capsid proteins were transported to the nucleus where they formed a single large crystal-like inclusion. the capsid proteins were phosp ... | 1993 | 8212557 |
| [hepatitis c virus in the aqueous humor]. | since a method for detecting hepatitis c virus (hcv) antibody has been established, many cases of non-a non-b sporadic and post-transfusion hepatitis are now known to have been caused by hcv. it is important to take steps against the nosocomial transmission of hcv as with the hepatitis b virus. sera from patients in our ophthalmological clinic were tested for the presence of hcv antibody during the seven months from oct. 1991 to apr. 1992, utilizing c-100-3 antigen. we then searched for the pres ... | 1993 | 8213365 |
| hepatitis c virus infection in type ii mixed cryoglobulinemia. | 1993 | 8216392 | |
| serological and antigenical findings indicating pestivirus in man. | an epidemiological survey for pestivirus was undertaken in zambia and europe, in view of the recent serological findings obtained by previous studies in europe with humans. collected sera were tested for anti-bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) specific antibodies by iif and western blotting. of those individuals tested (n = 1272), 15.3% showed a seropositive reaction to the bvdv. anti-bvdv antibody prevalence in immuno-depressed patients (e.g. hiv positive) was investigated. a higher prevalence ... | 1993 | 8219813 |
| molecular analysis of the human coronavirus (strain 229e) genome. | the nucleotide sequence of the human coronavirus strain 229e (hcv 229e) has been determined. this article describes the organization of the virus genome, the predicted viral gene products and the mechanisms which regulate viral gene expression. this information provides a basis to investigate the biology and pathogenesis of hcv. | 1993 | 8219814 |
| [synthetic oligopeptide of hepatitis d virus antigen and its clinical application]. | a 27-peptide fragment derived from natural hdag sequence was selected, identified and synthesized. it was used to develop an eia method for detection of anti-hd. the 27-peptide possessed the similar antigenicity with the corresponding fragment of natural hdag, and could also compete with natural hdag for serum anti-hd. high specificity and no cross-reaction were found among the peptide and normal human sera, normal mice sera and sera positive with hav, hbv or hcv antibody alone. 36 serum samples ... | 1993 | 8221244 |
| [chronic mucocutaneous herpes simplex infection. occurrence within the scope of liver-induced immunodeficiency]. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections causing severe disease are reported frequently in patients suffering from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. this disease pattern may also be seen in an immunocompromised disease state with other causes, however, as in the case presented in this paper. an 84-year-old woman had hepatic cirrhosis resulting from chronic hepatitis c virus infection. the woman developed ulcerative lesions in and around her mouth and in the genito-anal region, and these ... | 1993 | 8225977 |
| genetic variability of german hepatitis c virus isolates. | heterogeneity of hepatitis c viral (hcv) genomes of several isolates from different countries has been reported, but there is little information on hcv isolates for the federal republic of germany. therefore, the nucleotide (nt) and deduced amino acid (aa) sequences of interesting parts of the viral genome derived from different human isolates in germany were compared with each other and with the nt and predicted aa sequences of recently published isolates. hcv sequences were obtained by reverse ... | 1993 | 8228920 |
| prevalence of hepatitis b, c, and d virus markers in yemeni patients with chronic liver disease. | a serological survey for hepatitis b, c, and d markers was carried out in the yemen republic. serum samples from 243 pregnant females, 294 male blood donors, and 108 patients with chronic liver disease were examined. hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) was found in 18.5% healthy individuals and 24.1% patients with chronic liver disease (p = 0.03). evidence of any marker for hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection was found in 59.8% healthy individuals and 75.9% of patients with chronic liver disease ( ... | 1993 | 8228926 |
| detection of hepatitis c virus genome in human serum by multi-targeted polymerase chain reaction. | a multi-targeted "hemi-nested" pcr (m-pcr) assay in which the primer pairs derived from the 5' non-coding (5'nc) and the nonstructural protein 3 (ns3) regions of hcv genome were concurrently used for amplification in order to compare the sensitivity and specificity of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with different primer pairs in detecting hepatitis c virus (hcv) genome. sera from patients with virus-associated liver diseases were examined for the presence of hcv rna by the m-pcr method followin ... | 1993 | 8228939 |
| prospective study of the evaluation of hepatitis c virus infectivity in a high-purity, solvent/detergent-treated factor viii concentrate: parallel evaluation of other markers for lipid-enveloped and non-lipid-enveloped viruses. the ad hoc study group of the fondazione dell'emofilia. | this prospective study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the efficacy of solvent/detergent inactivation of the hepatitis c virus (hcv) as applied to a chromatographic factor viii concentrate. in parallel, the markers for other viruses, either lipid-enveloped (human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 [hiv-1 and -2] and hepatitis b virus [hbv]) or non-lipid-enveloped viruses (such as b19 parvovirus and hepatitis a virus [hav]) were evaluated. the study included 14 hemophilia centers, wh ... | 1993 | 8236421 |
| high rate of infection with the human t-cell leukemia retrovirus type ii in four indian populations of argentina. | sera from 215 non-drug-injecting toba and mataco-mataguayo pure indians belonging to four communities in northern argentina were examined using assays that allow differentiation between reactivities due to type-specific antigens of the human t-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus (htlv). three of these populations have very little contact with non-indian groups and reside in remote, isolated areas. htlv-ii type-specific seroreactivity was present in 24 (13.7%) of the 175 indians older than 13 years of a ... | 1993 | 8249280 |
| studies on transmission of hepatitis c virus from mother-to-child in the perinatal period. | to elucidate whether breast milk, vaginal discharge and contamination with maternal blood at birth are possible routes of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis c virus (hcv), we examined hcv rna in the cord and peripheral blood of infants, and in the blood, vaginal discharge, and breast milk of anti-hcv seropositive mothers. from july 1991 to july 1992, we studied 20 healthy pregnant women, who were seropositive with the ortho anti-hcv eia, and their infants. using a sensitive nested polymer ... | 1993 | 8250598 |
| quantitative evaluation of hepatitis c virus rna in patients with concurrent human immunodeficiency virus infections. | quantitation of the hepatitis c virus (hcv) provides a powerful epidemiologic and therapeutic method for the evaluation of infected patients. in this study semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is compared with a new branched dna signal amplification methodology. samples from hcv-infected patients as well as from human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients were evaluated. reverse transcriptase pcr correlated well with the branched dna assay (r = 0.7036, p < 0. ... | 1993 | 8253965 |
| [hemophilia a complicated with hepatocellular carcinoma]. | a 60-year-old hemophiliac man complaining of abdominal discomfort was admitted on suspicion of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) by ultrasonography (us). when he was 22-year-old, blood transfusion was given for intra-abdominal hematoma due to an external wound and a diagnosis of moderate hemophilia a and non-a non-b type chronic hepatitis (later, c type chronic hepatitis) was made at the age of 40. after admission, hcc in the s6 segment of the liver was diagnosed by us, computerized tomography, mag ... | 1993 | 8254912 |
| immunohistochemical detection of the ns4 antigen of hepatitis c virus and its relation to histopathology. | the immunohistochemical localization of the hepatitis c virus (hcv) nonstructural antigen 4 (ns4) was investigated in formalin-fixed human liver biopsy samples taken from 10 patients who were anti-hcv positive. ns4 was detected within the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in all hcv-positive patients studied, but not in the mononuclear cell infiltrates, bile duct epithelium, or endothelial cells. a high proportion of hepatocytes appeared positive, but the staining intensity was variable. after a coded hi ... | 1993 | 8256849 |
| [molecular cloning and sequencing of hepatitis c virus gene from human blood]. | to clone and characterize hepatitis c virus strain in china, we extracted rna from the pooled plasma of persons with hcv infection in hunan, china. hcv gene was amplified and cloned by rt-pcr and gene recombinant techniques. a total of 2,307 nucleotides of the complementary dna clones of hcv (hcv-hun), including the clone of 5' noncoding region (311bp), core region (340bp), envelope region (397bp), ns1 region (634bp), ns3 region (245bp), and ns5 region (380bp) were isolated and identified. the h ... | 1993 | 8258100 |
| adverse effects of intravenous immunoglobulin. | the range of diseases in which intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig) is effective has expanded significantly since its initial use in primary antibody deficiency. there are at present at least 17 preparations of ivig in use worldwide with similar profiles of adverse effects. infusion-related effects range in severity. mild adverse reactions (headache, flushing, low backache, nausea, wheezing) are often associated with a fast infusion rate, and respond rapidly on slowing the infusion. very rare episo ... | 1993 | 8260119 |
| multiple viral infections in hiv-infected children with chronically-evolving hepatitis. | hepatic involvement was investigated in 31 children with perinatal hiv-1 infection, who were followed for 2-82 months (mean 30.5). liver disease, as revealed by increased aminotransferase levels, liver biopsy or necroscopy, was diagnosed in 18 children (58%), of which 7 (22.5%) had acute hepatitis and 11 (35.5%) showed chronic liver disease. overall, 40 persistently active or recurrent viral infections, as demonstrated by positive culture and/or detection of serum dna, specific igm, iga and high ... | 1993 | 8260869 |
| susceptibility of human liver cell cultures to hepatitis c virus infection. | to develop a cell culture system susceptible to infection by hepatitis c virus (hcv), human fetal hepatocytes, grown in serum-free medium, were inoculated with serum samples from two hcv-infected patients. viral rna sequences were detected by polymerase chain reaction, using primers specific for the 5' noncoding region of hcv, in extracts prepared from the hepatocyte cultures as early as 5 days after inoculation. virus was also released from the infected cells into the medium. the hcv strains co ... | 1993 | 8260875 |
| [a preliminary report on the prevalence of different types of hepatitis in adult patients with acute sporadic hepatitis in beijing area]. | in order to investigate the prevalence of different types of viral hepatitis in beijing area, the markers of viral hepatitis a, b, c and e were detected on 72 adult patients with acute viral hepatitis in the infectious diseases department of our hospital. the results showed that 26.4% of the cases had hav infection, 8.3% hbv infection, 18.1% hcv infection and 31.9% hev infection. it is shown that the prevalence of hev infection in beijing area is high. | 1993 | 8269760 |
| low temperature dependent igg3 subclass antibody with low avidity to c100-3 antigen derived from hepatitis c virus in voluntary blood donors. | the presence of an antibody which reacts strongly at lower temperatures to c100-3 antigen derived from the hepatitis c virus (hcv) was demonstrated in blood donors' sera. these sera reacted with the antigen most strongly at 4 c and most weakly at 37 c and are termed 'cold antibody group'. the cold antibody group reaction was specifically inhibited with soluble c100-3 antigen. cold antibody bound to c100-3 antigen at 4 c was dissociated at 37 c and was isolated in this manner. low temperature-dep ... | 1993 | 8271476 |
| autoimmune responses as assessed by hypergammaglobulinemia and the presence of autoantibodies in patients with chronic hepatitis c. | we investigated autoimmunity, as assessed by hypergammaglobulinemia and the presence of autoantibodies including anti-nuclear antibodies (ana) and anti-liver membrane antibodies (lma), in 149 patients with chronic hepatitis c, 55 patients with chronic hepatitis b and 11 patients with autoimmune hepatitis. there was no significant difference in the incidence of these autoantibodies between chronic hepatitis c and chronic hepatitis b. nine patients with chronic hepatitis c satisfied the serologica ... | 1993 | 8273454 |
| non-a, non-b fulminant hepatitis is also non-e and non-c. | to define the roles of the hepatitis c and e viruses (hcv and hev) in non-a, non-b (nanb) fulminant hepatitis. | 1994 | 8273799 |
| molecular biology of viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. | five viruses are the major causes of hepatitis. these viruses are totally unrelated to each other in structure and mode of replication despite the similarity in the acute syndrome produced by each virus. hav is a single-stranded rna virus that has a very stable capsid and whose proteins are derived from a single polyprotein. hbv is a dna virus that replicates through an rna intermediate. hcv is a labile single-stranded rna virus whose proteins are derived from a polyprotein. hdv is a defective r ... | 1993 | 8275664 |
| the frequency of blood-born viral infections in a population of multitransfused brazilian patients. | the frequency of viral markers for hepatitis b (hbv) and c (hcv), human immunodeficiency virus-1 (hiv-1) and human t-lymphotropic virus-1 (htlv-1) was evaluated in 32 brazilian beta-thalassemia multitransfused patients. additionally the serum concentrations of ferritin and alanine aspartate transaminase (alat) were determined. the results show a high prevalence of markers of infection by hbv (25.0%) and hcv (46.8%) and a low prevalence of markers for hiv-1 and htlv-1. no correlations were demons ... | 1993 | 8278757 |
| acute third cranial nerve ophthalmoplegia: possible pathogenesis from alpha-ii-interferon treatment. | we report the case of a 67 year old man with acute ophthalmoplegia due to extensive damage to the fibers innervating the extrinsic muscles of the left third cranial nerve. the condition was secondary to protracted treatment with alpha-ii-interferon for a hcv virus chronic active hepatopathy. | 1993 | 8282531 |
| sequence analysis of the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus genome between the nucleocapsid and spike protein genes reveals a polymorphic orf. | in order to investigate the genome organization of the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) further, cdna clones covering the region between the nucleocapsid and the spike (s) protein genes were independently constructed and sequenced for the two virulent isolates br1/87 and cv777. of the three major orfs identified, two were found to encode the major and minor coronavirus membrane proteins m and sm. a potentially single orf, designated orf3 according to the pattern of the viral subgenomic mrn ... | 1994 | 8291230 |
| t-cell response to structural and nonstructural hepatitis c virus antigens in persistent and self-limited hepatitis c virus infections. | twenty-nine patients with chronic hepatitis c and 15 asymptomatic hepatitis c virus antibody-positive subjects who clinically recovered from hepatitis c virus infection were studied for their peripheral blood lymphomononuclear cell proliferative response to hepatitis c virus structural and nonstructural antigens (core, envelope, nonstructural 4 and nonstructural 5) expressed in yeast as superoxide dismutase fusion proteins, in an initial attempt to define some of the features of the virus-specif ... | 1994 | 8294086 |
| chronic viral hepatitis: diagnosis and management. | most patients with chronic hepatitis are infected with the b or c virus. diagnosis has been simplified with the advent of increasingly accurate assays. treatment, however, is still less than ideal; only about 50% of patients respond to alpha-interferon, and the rate of relapse is particularly high in hepatitis c. refinements in patient selection criteria and treatment modalities are on the horizon. | 1994 | 8300760 |
| autoantibodies against the human asialoglycoprotein receptor: effects of therapy in autoimmune and virus-induced chronic active hepatitis. | the hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor (asgpr) was recently identified as a target antigen for both humoral and cellular immune response in inflammatory liver diseases. thereby anti-asgpr autoantibodies directed against human substrate were closely associated with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. the present study compares the occurrence, titer and immunoglobulin classification of anti-human(h-)-asgpr antibodies in 23 patients with newly diagnosed autoimmune chronic hepatitis before and aft ... | 1993 | 8301043 |
| prevalence of hepatitis virus infections in albanian refugees. | a sample of 393 albanian refugees, including both children and adults, was tested for serological hav, hbv, hdv and hcv markers. a high prevalence of infection with both the hepatitis a and b viruses was found, while hdv and hcv infections were uncommon. the overall prevalence of anti-hav was 96%; it was very high in children 0-10 years, suggesting that hav infection is largely acquired during childhood and that poor ambiental conditions influence the spreading of this viral infection. one or mo ... | 1993 | 8307139 |