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[effect of bacillus cereus hemolysin ii on hepatocyte cells].we investigated the efficiency of increasing the permeability (permeabilization) of cell membranes in primary liver cells by bacillus cereus hemolysin ii. an assessment of the degree of permeabilization was car ried out by measuring the fluorescence intensity of various low molecular weight dyes, which enter through pores into hepatocyte cells cultivated with hemolysin. we uncovered a high efficacy of hemolysin hlyii action on hepatocyte cell walls, which exceeded the effect of nonionic detergen ...201526027363
supercritical co2 extraction of functional compounds from spirulina and their biological activity.supercritical carbon dioxide (scco2) extraction and fractionation of spirulina platensis was carried out to obtain functional compounds with antioxidant, antimicrobial and enzyme inhibitory activities. extraction of scco2 was carried out using 200 g of spirulina powder at 40 ºc under 120 bar pressure with co2 flow rate of 1.2 kg h(-1). scco2 fraction obtained was further treated with hexane and ethyl acetate to identify its components. individual components were identified by comparing mass spec ...201526028745
selenium-fortified wheat: potential of microbes for biofortification of selenium and other essential nutrients.selenium (se) is an essential micronutrient for humans and animals, and se deficiency is a worldwide problem. plants are a main dietary source of se for humans and livestock. in this study we investigated the effect of two selenium-tolerant bacterial strains bacillus cereus-yap6 and bacillus licheniformis-yap7, on the growth and se uptake by wheat plants. the bacteria-inoculated plants exhibited a significant increase in spike length, shoot length and dry biomass. inoculated se-treated plants al ...201526030365
antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities from jatropha dioica roots.the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of organic extracts obtained from roots of the medicinal plant jatropha dioica (euphorbiaceae) were investigated. in order to evaluate their antimicrobial activity, the organic extracts were tested against clinical isolates of the human pathogens bacillus cereus, escherichia coli, salmonella typhi, staphylococcus aureus, enterobacter aerogenes, enterobacter cloacae, salmonella typhimurium, cryptococcus neoformans, candida albicans, candida parapsilosis ...201426031013
estimation and evaluation of management options to control and/or reduce the risk of not complying with commercial sterility.in a previous study, a modular process risk model, from the raw material reception to the final product storage, was built to estimate the risk of a uht-aseptic line of not complying with commercial sterility (pujol et al., 2015). this present study was focused on demonstrating how the model (updated version with uncertainty and variability separated and 2(nd) order monte carlo procedure run) could be used to assess quantitatively the influence of management options. this assessment was done in ...201526032815
the worldwide distribution of genetically and phylogenetically diverse bacillus cereus isolates harbouring bacillus anthracis-like plasmids.bacillus cereus is a close relative of b. anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax whose pathogenic determinants are located on pxo1 and pxo2 plasmids. bacillus anthracis-like plasmids have been also noted among b. cereus, however, genetic features of b. cereus harbouring these elements remain largely undescribed, especially from the global perspective. herein, we present the genetic polymorphism, population structure and phylogeny of b. cereus with pxo1-/pxo2-like plasmids originating from arg ...201526033739
kinetics of bacterial inactivation by 405nm and 520nm light emitting diodes and the role of endogenous coproporphyrin on bacterial susceptibility.photodynamic inactivation studies of microbial pathogens have focused on the use of an external photosensitizer or a precursor compound to eliminate bacteria. the present study investigated the inactivation kinetics of six bacterial pathogens by a 405nm light emitting diode (led) without the addition of any external compound. the role of endogenous coproporphyrin on the bacterial susceptibility to leds was also examined. pathogens were illuminated with leds at 25, 10 and 4°c for 9h and the inact ...201526036659
a novel suicide plasmid for efficient gene mutation in listeria monocytogenes.although several plasmids have been used in listeria monocytogenes for generating mutants by allelic exchange, construction of l. monocytogenes mutants has been inefficient due to lack of effective selection markers for first and second recombination events. to address this problem, we have developed a new suicide plasmid, phoss1, by using the pmad plasmid backbone and anhydrotetracycline selection marker (secy antisense rna) driven by an inducible pxyl/teto promoter. expression of the secy anti ...201526038185
characterization of cereulide synthetase, a toxin-producing macromolecular machine.cereulide synthetase is a two-protein nonribosomal peptide synthetase system that produces a potent emetic toxin in virulent strains of bacillus cereus. the toxin cereulide is a depsipeptide, as it consists of alternating aminoacyl and hydroxyacyl residues. the hydroxyacyl residues are derived from keto acid substrates, which cereulide synthetase selects and stereospecifically reduces with imbedded ketoreductase domains before incorporating them into the growing depsipeptide chain. we present an ...201526042597
a novel and highly specific phage endolysin cell wall binding domain for detection of bacillus cereus.rapid, specific and sensitive detection of pathogenic bacteria is crucial for public health and safety. bacillus cereus is harmful as it causes foodborne illness and a number of systemic and local infections. we report a novel phage endolysin cell wall-binding domain (cbd) for b. cereus and the development of a highly specific and sensitive surface plasmon resonance (spr)-based b. cereus detection method using the cbd. the newly discovered cbd from endolysin of pbc1, a b. cereus-specific bacteri ...201526043681
production of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate by bacillus cereus ps 10 using biphasic-acid-pretreated rice straw.poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (phb) has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years due to its potential use for production of fully degradable bioplastics, however, high cost of phb production is the major bottleneck for its wide range industrial applications. in the current study rice straw hydrolysate (rsh) was employed as a cost-effective substrate for phb production. rsh was prepared based on biphasic acid-pretreatment of rice straw i.e. first phase treatment with 1% sulphuric acid at 121 ...201526047898
correlations between cyanobacterial density and bacterial transformation to the viable but nonculturable (vbnc) state in four freshwater water bodies.nutrient concentrations, phytoplankton density and community composition, and the viable but nonculturable (vbnc) state of heterotrophic bacteria were investigated in three connected reservoirs and a small isolated lake in south china to study the relationship between biotic and abiotic factors and the vbnc state in bacteria. nutrient concentrations in the reservoirs increased in the direction of water flow, whereas wenshan lake was more eutrophic. cyanobacterial blooms occurred in all four wate ...201526048238
effects of dietary bacillus cereus g19, b. cereus bc-01, and paracoccus marcusii db11 supplementation on the growth, immune response, and expression of immune-related genes in coelomocytes and intestine of the sea cucumber (apostichopus japonicus selenka).probiotics have positive effects on the nutrient digestibility and absorption, immune responses, and growth of aquatic animals, including the sea cucumber (apostichopus japonicus selenka). a 60-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of bacillus cereus g19, b. cereus bc-01 and paracoccus marcusii db11 supplementation on the growth, immune response, and expression level of four immune-related genes (aj-p105, aj-p50, aj-rel, and aj-lys) in coelomocytes and the intestine of juvenile ...201526052012
purification, crystallization and x-ray crystallographic studies of a bacillus cereus mepr-like transcription factor, bc0657.transcription factors of the marr family respond to internal and external changes and regulate a variety of biological functions through ligand association with microorganisms. mepr belongs to the marr family, and its mutations are associated with the development of multidrug resistance in staphylococcus aureus, which has caused a growing health problem. in this study, a bacillus cereus mepr-like transcription regulator, bc0657, was crystallized. the bc0657 crystals diffracted to 2.05 å resoluti ...201526057803
study of lactic acid bacteria community from raw milk of iranian one humped camel and evaluation of their probiotic properties.camel milk is amongst valuable food sources in iran. on the other hand, due to the presence of probiotic bacteria and bacteriocin producers in camel milk, probiotic bacteria can be isolated and identified from this food product.201526060561
bacterial contamination of iranian paper currency.transmission of human pathogens can be occurred via inert objects. paper currency is a further common contact surface whereby pathogens can be transferred within a population although the significance remains unknown. hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate microbial populations associated with iranian paper currency.201326060669
cleanliness of linen and clothing items professionally laundered or dry-cleaned.we asked 14 professional cleaners (laundry services) to clean various unused (new) linen and clothing items with a microbial contamination level of <1 cfu/cm(2) and then evaluated the bacterial/fungal contamination of the laundered or dry-cleaned items. after laundering, 6 (21.4%) of the 28 samples from 4 of the 14 cleaners (28.6%) were contaminated (1-1,200 cfu/cm(2)). after dry-cleaning, 2 (7.1%) of the 28 samples from 2 (14.3%) of the 14 cleaners were contaminated (7-10 cfu/cm(2)). the main c ...201626073734
heme interplay between ilsa and isdc: two structurally different surface proteins from bacillus cereus.iron is an essential element for bacterial growth and virulence. because of its limited bioavailability in the host, bacteria have adapted several strategies to acquire iron during infection. in the human opportunistic bacteria bacillus cereus, a surface protein ilsa is shown to be involved in iron acquisition from both ferritin and hemoproteins. ilsa has a modular structure consisting of a neat (near iron transporter) domain at the n-terminus, several lrr (leucine rich repeat) motifs and a slh ...201526093289
virulence plasmids of spore-forming bacteria.plasmid-encoded virulence factors are important in the pathogenesis of diseases caused by spore-forming bacteria. unlike many other bacteria, the most common virulence factors encoded by plasmids in clostridium and bacillus species are protein toxins. clostridium perfringens causes several histotoxic and enterotoxin diseases in both humans and animals and produces a broad range of toxins, including many pore-forming toxins such as c. perfringens enterotoxin, epsilon-toxin, beta-toxin, and netb. ...201426104459
bacillus subtilis systems biology: applications of -omics techniques to the study of endospore formation.endospore-forming bacteria, with bacillus subtilis being the prevalent model organism, belong to the phylum firmicutes. although the last common ancestor of all firmicutes is likely to have been an endospore-forming species, not every lineage in the phylum has maintained the ability to produce endospores (hereafter, spores). in 1997, the release of the full genome sequence for b. subtilis strain 168 marked the beginning of the genomic era for the study of spore formation (sporulation). in this o ...201426105826
antimicrobial mechanism of resveratrol-trans-dihydrodimer produced from peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of resveratrol.plant polyphenols are known to have varying antimicrobial potencies, including direct antibacterial activity, synergism with antibiotics and suppression of bacterial virulence. we performed the in vitro oligomerization of resveratrol catalyzed by soybean peroxidase, and the two isomers (resveratrol-trans-dihydrodimer and pallidol) produced were tested for antimicrobial activity. the resveratrol-trans-dihydrodimer displayed antimicrobial activity against the gram-positive bacteria bacillus cereus ...201526109045
bacteriophages and bacteriophage-derived endolysins as potential therapeutics to combat gram-positive spore forming bacteria.since their discovery in 1915, bacteriophages have been routinely used within eastern europe to treat a variety of bacterial infections. although initially ignored by the west due to the success of antibiotics, increasing levels and diversity of antibiotic resistance is driving a renaissance for bacteriophage-derived therapy, which is in part due to the highly specific nature of bacteriophages as well as their relative abundance. this review focuses on the bacteriophages and derived lysins of re ...201526109320
water-soluble moringa oleifera lectin interferes with growth, survival and cell permeability of corrosive and pathogenic bacteria.this work evaluated the antibacterial activity of a water-soluble moringa oleifera seed lectin (wsmol) by evaluating its effect on growth, survival and cell permeability of bacillus sp., bacillus cereus, bacillus pumillus, bacillus megaterium, micrococcus sp., pseudomonas sp., pseudomonas fluorescens, pseudomonas stutzeri and serratia marcescens. in addition, the effect of lectin on membrane integrity of most sensitive species was also evaluated. all the tested bacteria are able to cause biocorr ...201526109449
direct recovery of cyclodextringlycosyltransferase from bacillus cereus using aqueous two-phase flotation.purification of cyclodextrin glycosyl transferase (cgtase) from bacillus cereus using polyethylene glycol (peg)-potassium phosphates aqueous two-phase flotation (atpf) system was studied in this paper. the effects of varying peg molecular weight, tie-line length (tll) value, volume ratio (vr), ph value, crude concentration and gas nitrogen flotation time were investigated. the optimal condition for purification of cgtase was attained at 18.0% (w/w) peg 8000, 7.0% (w/w) potassium phosphates, vr o ...201526111602
from genome to toxicity: a combinatory approach highlights the complexity of enterotoxin production in bacillus cereus.in recent years bacillus cereus has gained increasing importance as a food poisoning pathogen. it is the eponymous member of the b. cereus sensu lato group that consists of eight closely related species showing impressive diversity of their pathogenicity. the high variability of cytotoxicity and the complex regulatory network of enterotoxin expression have complicated efforts to predict the toxic potential of new b. cereus isolates. in this study, comprehensive analyses of enterotoxin gene seque ...201526113843
the adaptive response of bacterial food-borne pathogens in the environment, host and food: implications for food safety.bacteria are constantly faced to stress situations in their ecological niches, the food and the host gastrointestinal tract. the capacity to detect and respond to surrounding changes is crucial for bacterial pathogens to survive or grow in changing environments. to this purpose, cells have evolved various sophisticated networks designed to protect against stressors or repair damage caused by them. challenges can occur during production of foods when subjected to processing, and after food ingest ...201526116419
identification and characterization of a novel geobacillus thermoglucosidasius bacteriophage, gve3.the study of extremophilic phages may reveal new phage families as well as different mechanisms of infection, propagation and lysis to those found in phages from temperate environments. we describe a novel siphovirus, gve3, which infects the thermophile geobacillus thermoglucosidasius. the genome size is 141,298 bp (g+c 29.6%), making it the largest geobacillus spp-infecting phage known. gve3 appears to be most closely related to the recently described bacillus anthracis phage vb_bans_tsamsa, ra ...201526123922
evaluation of synergistic antibacterial and antioxidant efficacy of essential oils of spices and herbs in combination.the present study was carried out to evaluate the possible synergistic interactions on antibacterial and antioxidant efficacy of essential oils of some selected spices and herbs [bay leaf, black pepper, coriander (seed and leaf), cumin, garlic, ginger, mustard, onion and turmeric] in combination. antibacterial combination effect was evaluated against six important food-borne bacteria (bacillus cereus, listeria monocytogenes, micrococcus luteus, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and salmone ...201526132146
class iv polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) synthases and pha-producing bacillus.this review highlights the recent investigations of class iv polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) synthases, the newest classification of pha synthases. class iv synthases are prevalent in organisms of the bacillus genus and are composed of a catalytic subunit phac (approximately 40 kda), which has a phac box sequence ([gs]-x-c-x-[ga]-g) at the active site, and a second subunit phar (approximately 20 kda). the representative pha-producing bacillus strains are bacillus megaterium and bacillus cereus; the n ...201526135986
[detection of toxigenic genes nhea, nheb and nhec in bacillus cereus strains isolated from powdered milk samples in costa rica].powdered milk is a frequently consumed product that does not need to be kept under cold conditions. nevertheless, different microorganisms may contaminate it. powdered milk is a highly consumed product by costa rican population, and bacillus cereus is a potentially pathogenic bacteria associated to it, with the ability to develop toxins depending on the presence of the respective codifying genes. the aim of this study was to determine the presence of the toxigenic genes nhea, nheb and nhec from ...201426137795
a rapid, sensitive, simple plate assay for detection of microbial alginate lyase activity.screening of microorganisms capable of producing alginate lyase enzyme is commonly carried out by investigating their abilities to grow on alginate-containing solid media plates and occurrence of a clearance zone after flooding the plates with agents such as 10% (w/v) cetyl pyridinium chloride (cpc), which can form complexes with alginate. although the cpc method is good, advantageous, and routinely used, the agar in the media interferes with the action of cpc, which makes judgment about clearan ...201526138394
selection of enhanced antimicrobial activity posing lactic acid bacteria characterised by (gtg)5-pcr fingerprinting.the aim of the study was a detail evaluation of genetic diversity among the lactic acid bacteria (lab) strains having an advantage of a starter culture in order to select genotypically diverse strains with enhanced antimicrobial effect on some harmfull and pathogenic microorganisms. antimicrobial activity of lab was performed by the agar well diffusion method and was examined against the reference strains and foodborne isolates of bacillus cereus, listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli, staphy ...201426139877
application of a molecular beacon based real-time isothermal amplification (mbrtia) technology for simultaneous detection of bacillus cereus and staphylococcus aureus.a multiplex real-time isothermal amplification assay was developed using molecular beacons for the detection of bacillus cereus and staphylococcus aureus by targeting four important virulence genes. a correlation between targeting highly accessible dna sequences and isothermal amplification based molecular beacon efficiency and sensitivity was demonstrated using phi(φ)29 dna polymerase at a constant isothermal temperature of 30 °c. it was very selective and consistently detected down to 10(1) co ...201526139938
complete genome sequence and phylogenetic position of the bacillus cereus group phage jbp901.bacteriophage jbp901, isolated from fermented food, is specific for bacillus cereus group species and exhibits a broad host spectrum among a large number of b. cereus isolates. genome sequence analysis revealed a linear 159,492-bp genome with overall g+c content of 39.7 mol%, and 201 orfs. the presence of a putative methylase, the large number of trnas, and the large number of nucleotide-metabolism- and replication-related genes in jbp901 reflects its broad lytic capacity. most of the orfs showe ...201526141410
added value of experts' knowledge to improve a quantitative microbial exposure assessment model--application to aseptic-uht food products.in a previous study, a quantitative microbial exposure assessment (qmea) model applied to an aseptic-uht food process was developed [pujol, l., albert, i., magras, c., johnson, n. b., membré, j. m. probabilistic exposure assessment model to estimate aseptic uht product failure rate. 2015 international journal of food microbiology. 192, 124-141]. it quantified sterility failure rate (sfr) associated with bacillus cereus and geobacillus stearothermophilus per process module (nine modules in total ...201526143288
reducing environmental toxicity of silver nanoparticles through shape control.the use of antibacterial silver nanomaterials in consumer products ranging from textiles to toys has given rise to concerns over their environmental toxicity. these materials, primarily nanoparticles, have been shown to be toxic to a wide range of organisms; thus methods and materials that reduce their environmental toxicity while retaining their useful antibacterial properties can potentially solve this problem. here we demonstrate that silver nanocubes display a lower toxicity toward the model ...201526146787
chemical composition and antioxidant and antibacterial activities of an essential oil extracted from an edible seaweed, laminaria japonica l.laminaria japonica l. is among the most commonly consumed seaweeds in northeast asia. in the present study, l. japonica essential oil (ljeo) was extracted by microwave-hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. ljeo contained 21 volatile compounds, comprising 99.76% of the total volume of the essential oil, primarily tetradeconoic acid (51.75%), hexadecanoic acid (16.57%), (9z,12z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid (12.09%), and (9z)-hexadec-9-enoic acid (9.25%). evaluat ...201526147582
inhibition of pathogenic and spoilage bacteria by a novel biofilm-forming lactobacillus isolate: a potential host for the expression of heterologous proteins.bacterial biofilms are a preferred mode of growth for many types of microorganisms in their natural environments. the ability of pathogens to integrate within a biofilm is pivotal to their survival. the possibility of biofilm formation in lactobacillus communities is also important in various industrial and medical settings. lactobacilli can eliminate the colonization of different pathogenic microorganisms. alternatively, new opportunities are now arising with the rapidly expanding potential of ...201526150120
stability, antimicrobial activity, and effect of nisin on the physico-chemical properties of fruit juices.heat processing is the most commonly used hurdle for inactivating microorganisms in fruit juices. however, this preservation method could interfere with the organoleptic characteristics of the product. alternative methods have been proposed and bacteriocins such as nisin are potential candidates. however, the approval of bacteriocins as food additives is limited, especially in foods from vegetal origin. we aimed to verify the stability, the effect on physico-chemical properties, and the antimicr ...201526162590
multiwavelength resonance raman characterization of the effect of growth phase and culture medium on bacteria.we examine the use of multiwavelength ultraviolet (uv) resonance-raman signatures to identify the effects of growth phase and growth medium on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. escherichia coli (e. coli), citrobacter koseri (c. koseri), citrobacter braakii (c. braakii), and bacillus cereus (b. cereus) were grown to logarithmic and stationary phases in nutrient broth and brain heart infusion broth. resonance raman spectra of bacteria were obtained at multiple wavelengths between 220 and 2 ...201526163518
synthesis and in vitro antimicrobial evaluation of piperazine substituted quinazoline-based thiourea/thiazolidinone/chalcone hybrids.in frames of the search for new biological entities to fight against recent drug-resistant microbial strains, we report a library of quinazoline-based thiourea/4-thiazolidinone/chalcone hybrids. the newly synthesized compounds were studied for efficacy against several bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and klebsiella pneumoniae) and fungi (candida albicans and aspergillus clavatus) using the broth dilution technique. from the biological evaluation, (e)-3-(3 ...201526165131
investigation of an outbreak of vomiting in nurseries in south east england, may 2012.on 30 may 2012, surrey and sussex health protection unit was called by five nurseries reporting children and staff with sudden onset vomiting approximately an hour after finishing their lunch that day. over the following 24 h 50 further nurseries supplied by the same company reported cases of vomiting (182 children, 18 staff affected). epidemiological investigations were undertaken in order to identify the cause of the outbreak and prevent further cases. investigations demonstrated a nursery-lev ...201626165194
antibacterial δ(1) -3-ketosteroids from the south china sea gorgonian coral subergorgia rubra.three new δ(1) -3-ketosteroids characterized with a 9-oh, subergosterones a-c (1-3), together with five known analogs 4-8, were obtained from the gorgonian coral subergorgia rubra collected from the south china sea. the structures of 1-3, including their absolute configurations, were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic methods and electronic circular dichroism (ecd) experiments. compounds 2 and 3 exhibited inhibitory antibacterial activities against bacillus cereus with mic values of 1.56  ...201526172327
isolation of bacillus cereus group from the fecal material of endangered wood turtles.members of the bacillus cereus group are opportunistic human pathogens. they can be found in a broad range of foods. diarrheal food poisoning and/or emetic type syndromes can result from eating contaminated food. in this study, seven b. cereus group members were isolated from the fecal material of wood turtles (glyptemys insculpta). the isolates were then assessed for the presence of enterotoxin genes (nhea, entfm, hblc, and cytk) using pcr. the most prevalent is the nonhemolytic enterotoxin gen ...201526175111
mechanistic aspects of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles against food- and water-borne microbes.in the present study, silver nanoparticles (agnps) synthesized from aqueous leaves extract of malva crispa and their mode of interaction with food- and water-borne microbes were investigated. formation of agnps was conformed through uv-vis, fe-sem, eds, afm, and hr-tem analyses. further the concentration of silver (ag) in the reaction mixture was conformed through icp-ms analysis. different concentration of nanoparticles (1-3 mm) tested to know the inhibitory effect of bacterial pathogens such a ...201526178241
antibacterial effect of the red sea soft coral sarcophyton trocheliophorum.the marine soft corals sarcophyton trocheliophorum crude extracts possessed antimicrobial activity towards pathogenic bacterial strains, i.e. bacillus cereus, salmonella typhi, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa. bioassay-guided fractionation indicated that the antimicrobial effect was due to the presence of terpenoid bioactive derivatives. further biological assays of the n-hexane fractions were carried out using turbidity assay, inhibition zone assay and minimum ...201626186031
is cytotoxin k from bacillus cereus a bona fide enterotoxin?cytotoxin k (cytk) produced by bacillus cereus s.l. has generally been considered to be associated with the foodborne diarrhoeal syndrome. two distinct variants of cytk have been reported: cytk-1 from bacillus cytotoxicus and cytk-2 from b. cereus. in order to determine whether cytk plays a significant role in the diarrhoeal disease, the occurrence of cytk genes was assessed among 390 b. cereus isolates with different origins including clinical and food poisoning samples and was found to be 46%. ...201526186121
unexpected roles for toll-like receptor 4 and trif in intraocular infection with gram-positive bacteria.inflammation caused by infection with gram-positive bacteria is typically initiated by interactions with toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2). endophthalmitis, an infection and inflammation of the posterior segment of the eye, can lead to vision loss when initiated by a virulent microbial pathogen. endophthalmitis caused by bacillus cereus develops as acute inflammation with infiltrating neutrophils, and vision loss is potentially catastrophic. residual inflammation observed during b. cereus endophthalmi ...201526195555
chemical composition of nardostachys grandiflora rhizome oil from nepal--a contribution to the chemotaxonomy and bioactivity of nardostachys.the essential oil from the dried rhizome of nardostachys grandiflora, collected from jaljale, nepal, was obtained in 1.4% yield, and a total of 72 compounds were identified constituting 93.8% of the essential oil. the rhizome essential oil of n. grandiflora was mostly composed of calarene (9.4%), valerena-4,7(11)-diene (7.1%), nardol a (6.0%), 1(10)-aristolen-9β-ol (11.6%), jatamansone (7.9%), valeranal (5.6%), and cis-valerinic acid (5.7%). the chemical composition of n. grandiflora rhizome oil ...201526197553
red algae (rhodophyta) from the coast of madagascar: preliminary bioactivity studies and isolation of natural products.several species of red algae (rhodophyta) from the coastal regions of madagascar have been investigated for their natural products. the most abundant compound was cholesterol (5) in combination with a series of oxidized congeners. the brominated indoles 1-3 along with the sesquiterpene debilone (4) have been isolated from laurencia complanata. for the first time, debilone (4) has been obtained from a marine plant. from the methanol extract of calloseris sp., we have achieved the second isolation ...201526198236
sol-gel encapsulation of binary zn(ii) compounds in silica nanoparticles. structure-activity correlations in hybrid materials targeting zn(ii) antibacterial use.in the emerging issue of enhanced multi-resistant properties in infectious pathogens, new nanomaterials with optimally efficient antibacterial activity and lower toxicity than other species attract considerable research interest. in an effort to develop such efficient antibacterials, we a) synthesized acid-catalyzed silica-gel matrices, b) evaluated the suitability of these matrices as potential carrier materials for controlled release of znso4 and a new zn(ii) binary complex with a suitably des ...201526198972
the biosynthesis of udp-d-quinac in bacillus cereus atcc 14579.n-acetylquinovosamine (2-acetamido-2,6-di-deoxy-d-glucose, quinac) is a relatively rare amino sugar residue found in glycans of few pathogenic gram-negative bacteria where it can play a role in infection. however, little is known about quinac-related polysaccharides in gram-positive bacteria. in a routine screen for bacillus glycan grown at defined medium, it was surprising to identify a quinac residue in polysaccharides isolated from this gram-positive bacterium. to gain insight into the biosyn ...201526207987
weissella oryzae dc6-facilitated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antimicrobial potential.nanoparticles and nanomaterials are at the prominent edge of the rapidly developing field of nanotechnology. recently, nanoparticle synthesis using biological resources has been found to be a new area with considerable prospects for development. biological systems are the masters of ambient condition chemistry and are able to synthesize nanoparticles by utilizing metal salts. in the perspective of the current initiative to develop green technologies for the synthesis of nanoparticles, microorgan ...201626212222
chitinolytic bacteria-assisted conversion of squid pen and its effect on dyes and pigments adsorption.the aim of this work was to produce chitosanase by fermenting from squid pen, and recover the fermented squid pen for dye removal by adsorption. one chitosanase induced from squid pen powder (spp)-containing medium by bacillus cereus tku034 was purified in high purification fold (441) and high yield of activity recovery (51%) by ammonium sulfate precipitation and combined column chromatography. the sds-page results showed its molecular mass to be around 43 kda. the tku034 chitosanase used for th ...201526213948
lithocholic acid and derivatives: antibacterial activity.in order to develop bioactive lithocholic acid derivatives, we prepared fifteen semi-synthetic compounds through modification at c-3 and/or c-24. the reactions showed yields ranging from 37% to 100%. the structures of all compounds obtained were identified on the basis of their spectral data (ir, ms, 1d- and 2d-nmr). the activity of lithocholic acid and derivatives was evaluated against the growth of escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus and pseudomonas aeruginosa. the derivat ...201526216208
amplicon sequencing for the quantification of spoilage microbiota in complex foods including bacterial spores.spoilage of food products is frequently caused by bacterial spores and lactic acid bacteria. identification of these organisms by classic cultivation methods is limited by their ability to form colonies on nutrient agar plates. in this study, we adapted and optimized 16s rrna amplicon sequencing for quantification of bacterial spores in a canned food matrix and for monitoring the outgrowth of spoilage microbiota in a ready-to-eat food matrix.201526217487
fatty acid profiles and desaturase-encoding genes are different in thermo- and psychrotolerant strains of the bacillus cereus group.the bacillus cereus group consists of closely-related bacteria, including pathogenic or harmless strains, and whose species can be positioned along the seven phylogenetic groups of guinebretière et al. (i-vii). they exhibit different growth-temperature ranges, through thermotolerant to psychrotolerant thermotypes. among these, b. cytotoxicus is an atypical thermotolerant and food-poisoning agent affiliated to group vii whose thermotolerance contrasts with the mesophilic and psychrotolerant therm ...201526227277
starch based biodegradable graft copolymer for the preparation of silver nanoparticles.the synthesis and characterization of a novel biodegradable graft copolymer based on partially hydrolyzed polymethylacrylate (pma) grafted amylopectin (ap) was reported which was developed for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles from silver nitrate solution by facile green technique. the prepared graft copolymer was biodegradable which was shown by fungal growth. characterization of silver nanoparticles was carried out by uv-vis spectroscopy (417nm), hr-tem, saed and fesem analysis. the tem fi ...201526231330
three novel lantibiotics, ticins a1, a3, and a4, have extremely stable properties and are promising food biopreservatives.lantibiotics are antimicrobial peptides with potential applications as the next generation of antimicrobials in the food industry and/or the pharmaceutical industry. nisin has successfully been used as a food preservative for over 40 years, but its major drawback is its limited stability under neutral and alkaline ph conditions. to identify alternatives with better biochemical properties, we screened more than 100 strains of the bacillus cereus group. three novel lantibiotics, ticins a1 (4,062.9 ...201526231642
response of indigenously developed bacterial consortia in progressive degradation of polyvinyl chloride.thermoplastic-based materials are recalcitrant in nature, which extensive use affect environmental health. here, we attempt to compare the response of indigenously produced bacterial consortium-i and consortium-ii in degrading polyvinyl chloride (pvc). these consortia were developed by using different combination of bacterial strains of pseudomonas otitidis, bacillus cereus, and acanthopleurobacter pedis from waste disposal sites of northern india after their identification via 16s rdna sequenci ...201626231814
complete genome sequence analysis and identification of putative metallo-beta-lactamase and spoiiie homologs in bacillus cereus group phage bcp8-2, a new member of the proposed bastille-like group.bacillus cereus group-specific bacteriophage bcp8-2 exhibits a broad lysis spectrum among food and human isolates (330/364) of b. cereus while not infecting b. subtilis (50) or b. licheniformis (12) strains. its genome is 159,071 bp long with 220 open reading frames, including genes for putative methyltransferases, metallo-beta-lactamase, and a sporulation-related spoiiie homolog, as wells as 18 trnas. comparative genome analysis showed that bcp8-2 is related to the recently proposed bastille-li ...201526234184
food-bacteria interplay: pathometabolism of emetic bacillus cereus.bacillus cereus is a gram-positive endospore forming bacterium known for its wide spectrum of phenotypic traits, enabling it to occupy diverse ecological niches. although the population structure of b. cereus is highly dynamic and rather panmictic, production of the emetic b. cereus toxin cereulide is restricted to strains with specific genotypic traits, associated with distinct environmental habitats. cereulide is an ionophoric dodecadepsipeptide that is produced non-ribosomally by an enzyme co ...201526236290
bacillus cereus atcc 14579 rpon (sigma 54) is a pleiotropic regulator of growth, carbohydrate metabolism, motility, biofilm formation and toxin production.sigma 54 is a transcriptional regulator predicted to play a role in physical interaction of bacteria with their environment, including virulence and biofilm formation. in order to study the role of sigma 54 in bacillus cereus, a comparative transcriptome and phenotypic study was performed using b. cereus atcc 14579 wt, a markerless rpon deletion mutant, and its complemented strain. the mutant was impaired in many different cellular functions including low temperature and anaerobic growth, carboh ...201526241851
antiproliferative and antibacterial activity of some glutarimide derivatives.antiproliferative and antibacterial activities of nine glutarimide derivatives (1-9) were reported. cytotoxicity of compounds was tested toward three human cancer cell lines, hela, k562 and mda-mb-453 by mtt assay. compound 7 (2-benzyl-2-azaspiro[5.11]heptadecane-1,3,7-trione), containing 12-membered ketone ring, was found to be the most potent toward all tested cell lines (ic50 = 9-27 μm). preliminary screening of antibacterial activity by a disk diffusion method showed that gram-positive bacte ...201626247353
genome sequence of bacillus endophyticus and analysis of its companion mechanism in the ketogulonigenium vulgare-bacillus strain consortium.bacillus strains have been widely used as the companion strain of ketogulonigenium vulgare in the process of vitamin c fermentation. different bacillus strains generate different effects on the growth of k. vulgare and ultimately influence the productivity. first, we identified that bacillus endophyticus hbe603 was an appropriate strain to cooperate with k. vulgare and the product conversion rate exceeded 90% in industrial vitamin c fermentation. here, we report the genome sequencing of the b. e ...201526248285
a novel enzyme-based antimicrobial system comprising iodide and a multicopper oxidase isolated from alphaproteobacterium strain q-1.alphaproteobacterium strain q-1 produces an extracellular multicopper oxidase (iox), which catalyzes iodide (i-) oxidation to form molecular iodine (i2). in this study, the antimicrobial activity of the iox/iodide system was determined. both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria tested were killed completely within 5 min by 50 mu ml(-1) of iox and 10 mm iodide. the sporicidal activity of the system was also tested and compared with a common iodophor, povidone-iodine (pvp-i). iox (300 mu ml(-1 ...201526254787
production and characterization of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate from bacillus cereus ps 10.usage of renewable raw materials for production of fully degradable bioplastics (bacterial poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, phb) has gained immense research impetus considering recalcitrant nature of petroleum based plastics, dwindling fossil fuel feed stocks, and associated green house gas emissions. however, high production cost of phb is the major bottleneck for its wide range industrial applications. in current study, bacillus cereus ps 10, a recent isolate, efficiently utilized molasses, an abundant ...201526257381
reagent-free and portable detection of bacillus anthracis spores using a microfluidic incubator and smartphone microscope.bacillus anthracis is the causative agent of anthrax and can be contracted by humans and herbivorous mammals by inhalation, ingestion, or cutaneous exposure to bacterial spores. due to its stability and disease potential, b. anthracis is a recognized biothreat agent and robust detection and viability methods are needed to identify spores from unknown samples. here we report the use of smartphone-based microscopy (spm) in combination with a simple microfluidic incubation device (mid) to detect 50 ...201526266749
epidemiologic investigation of a cluster of neuroinvasive bacillus cereus infections in 5 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia.background.  five neuroinvasive bacillus cereus infections (4 fatal) occurred in hospitalized patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (aml) during a 9-month period, prompting an investigation by infection control and public health officials. methods.  medical records of case-patients were reviewed and a matched case-control study was performed. infection control practices were observed. multiple environmental, food, and medication samples common to aml patients were cultured. multilocus sequenc ...201526269794
isolation and characterisation of non-anaerobic butanol-producing symbiotic system tsh06.butanol-producing microorganisms are all obligate anaerobes. in this study, a unique symbiotic system tsh06 was isolated to be capable of producing butanol under non-anaerobic condition. denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) analysis of 16s ribosomal rna (rrna) revealed that two strains coexist in tsh06. the two strains were identical to clostridium acetobutylicum and bacillus cereus, respectively. they were isolated individually and named as c. acetobutylicum tsh1 and b. cereus tsh2. c ...201526272091
a type iii protein-rna toxin-antitoxin system from bacillus thuringiensis promotes plasmid retention during spore development.members of the bacillus cereus sensu lato group of bacteria often contain multiple large plasmids, including those encoding virulence factors in b. anthracis. bacillus species can develop into spores in response to stress. during sporulation the genomic content of the cell is heavily compressed, which could result in counterselection of extrachromosomal genomic elements, unless they have robust stabilization and segregation systems. toxin-antitoxin (ta) systems are near-ubiquitous in prokaryotes ...201526274022
bacillus cereus cerebral abscess during induction chemotherapy for childhood acute leukemia.a 5-year-old boy with standard-risk b-cell acute lymphoblastic anemia developed fever during induction chemotherapy. the patient had no neurological symptoms. blood cultures grew bacillus cereus and neuroimaging studies demonstrated a cerebral abscess. imaging changes resolved after completion of antibiotics. bacillus cereus bacteremia is increasingly implicated as the cause of life-threatening infections, including cerebral abscesses, in compromised patients. positive blood cultures for this or ...201526274034
comparison of oxytetracycline degradation behavior in pig manure with different antibiotic addition methods.using manure collected from swine fed with diet containing antibiotics and antibiotic-free swine manure spiked with antibiotics are the two common methods of studying the degradation behavior of veterinary antibiotic in manure in the environment. however, few studies had been conducted to co-compare these two different antibiotic addition methods. this study used oxytetracycline (otc) as a model antibiotic to study antibiotic degradation behavior in manure under the above two otc addition method ...201526278905
antibacterial effects and action modes of asiatic acid.in this study, the antibacterial effects and action modes of asiatic acid against the foodborne bacterial pathogens escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium dt104, pseudomonas aeruginosa, listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecalis, and bacillus cereus were examined. minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) of asiatic acid against these bacteria were in the range of 20-40 μg/ml. minimum bactericidal concentrations of asiatic acid were in the range of 32-52 μg/ml. ...201526280399
toxin profile, biofilm formation, and molecular characterization of emetic toxin-producing bacillus cereus group isolates from human stools.emetic toxin-producing bacillus cereus group species are an important problem, because the staple food for korean is grains such as rice. in this study, we determined the prevalence (24 of 129 isolates) of emetic b. cereus in 36,745 stool samples from sporadic food-poisoning cases in korea between 2007 and 2008. the toxin gene profile, toxin production, and biofilm-forming ability of the emetic b. cereus isolates were investigated. repetitive element sequence polymorphism polymerase chain reacti ...201526287636
inhibition of quorum sensing-mediated biofilm formation in pseudomonas aeruginosa by a locally isolated bacillus cereus.quorum sensing has been shown to play a crucial role in pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenesis where it activates expression of myriad genes that regulate the production of important virulence factors such as biofilm formation. antagonism of quorum sensing is an excellent target for antimicrobial therapy and represents a novel approach to combat drug resistance. in this study, chromobacterium violaceum biosensor strain was employed as a fast, sensitive, reliable, and easy to use tool for rapid scre ...201526288125
diversity of bacterial communities in the midgut of bactrocera cucurbitae (diptera: tephritidae) populations and their potential use as attractants.the microbiota plays an important role in insect development and fitness. understanding the gut microbiota composition is essential for the development of pest management strategies. midgut bacteria were isolated from nine wild b. cucurbitae populations collected from different agroecological zones of india. these isolates were further studied for attractant potential of fruit fly adults, and the chemical constituents in the supernatants of gut bacteria were analysed.201626299539
analysis of the bacillus cereus spoiis antitoxin-toxin system reveals its three-component nature.programmed cell death in bacteria is generally associated with two-component toxin-antitoxin systems. the spoiis toxin-antitoxin system, consisting of a membrane-bound spoiisa toxin and a small, cytosolic antitoxin spoiisb, was originally identified in bacillus subtilis. in this work we describe the bacillus cereus spoiis system which is a three-component system, harboring an additional gene spoiisc. its protein product serves as an antitoxin, and similarly as spoiisb, is able to bind spoiisa an ...201526300872
food sensing: aptamer-based trapping of bacillus cereus spores with specific detection via real time pcr in milk.aerobic spores pose serious problems for both food product manufacturers and consumers. milk is particularly at risk and thus an important issue of preventive consumer protection and quality assurance. the spore-former bacillus cereus is a food poisoning gram-positive pathogen which mainly produces two different types of toxins, the diarrhea inducing and the emetic toxins. reliable and rapid analytical assays for the detection of b. cereus spores are required, which could be achieved by combinin ...201526306797
quantitative prevalence and toxin gene profile of bacillus cereus from ready-to-eat vegetables in south korea.ready-to-eat (rte) foods such as prepared vegetables are becoming an increasingly popular food choice. since rte vegetables are not commonly sterilized by heat treatment, contamination with foodborne pathogens such as bacillus cereus (b. cereus) is a major concern. the objective of this study was to assess the quantitative prevalence and toxin gene profiles of b. cereus strains isolated from rte vegetables. we found that 70 of the 145 (48%) tested retail vegetable salad and sprout samples were p ...201526317539
synthesis of novel sulfonamide analogs containing sulfamerazine/sulfaguanidine and their biological activities.sulfamerazine and sulfaguanidine are clenched with p-nitrobenzoyl chloride and the products obtained are reduced to naxs in ethanol-water. novel sulfonamides (6a-g and 9a-g) were synthesized by the reaction of these reduced products (4 and 8) with various sulfonyl chlorides (5a-g). the structures of these compounds were characterized using spectroscopic analysis (ir, (1)h-nmr, (13)c-nmr and hrms) technique. antimicrobial activity of sulfonamides (3, 4, 7, 8, 6a-g and 9a-g) was evaluated by the a ...201626327456
poly(n-isopropylacrylamide)-gated fe3o4/sio2 core shell nanoparticles with expanded mesoporous structures for the temperature triggered release of lysozyme.core-shell nanoparticles comprised of fe3o4 cores and a mesoporous silica shell with an average expanded pore size of 6.07 nm and coated with a poly(n-isopropylacrylamide) (pnipam) layer (cs-msns-ep-pnipam) were prepared and characterized. the nanoparticles was loaded with (ru(bipy)3(2+)) dye or an antibacterial enzyme, lysozyme, to obtain cs-msns-ep-pnipam-ru(bipy)3(2+) and cs-msns-ep-pnipam-lys, respectively. the lysozyme loading was determined to be 160 mg/g of nanoparticle. it was seen that ...201526335056
bacteria present in comadia redtenbacheri larvae (lepidoptera: cossidae).the external and internal culturable bacterial community present in the larvae of comadia redtenbacheri hammerschmidt, an edible insect, was studied. characterization of the isolates determined the existence of 18 morphotypes and phylogenetic analysis of the 16s rrna gene revealed the existence of paenibacillus sp., bacillus safensis, pseudomonas sp., bacillus pseudomycoides, corynebacterium variabile, enterococcus sp., gordonia sp., acinetobacter calcoaceticus, arthrobacter sp., micrococcus sp. ...201526336239
a study on characterization of new bacteriocin produced from a novel strain of lactobacillus spicheri g2 isolated from gundruk- a fermented vegetable product of north east india: a novel bacteriocin production from lactobacillus spicheri g2.bacteriocin producing lactobacillus spicheri g2, isolated from gundruk - a traditional fermented vegetable product of north east india. l. spicheri g2 identified by morphological, biochemical techniques followed by 16s rrna gene technique. the 16sr rna sequence of bacteriocin producer is registered in ncbi under accession no. jx481912. the bacteriocin producing potential of l. spicheri is being reported for the first time in the present investigation. bacteriocin of l. spicheri g2 showed strong ...201526344995
antibacterial activity of cinnamaldehyde and clove oil: effect on selected foodborne pathogens in model food systems and watermelon juice.natural additives for the control of microbial growth are in demand because consumers prefer them over synthetic ones. in the present investigation, the antibacterial activity of two natural preservatives, cinnamaldeyde and clove oil alone or in combinations was studied, and their potential as food preservative in model food systems and watermelon juice was evaluated. the cinnamaldehyde and clove essential oil showed minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) at or below 5000 mg/l, and fractional in ...201426344998
mosquitocidal properties of bacillus species isolated from mangroves of vellar estuary, southeast coast of india.samples collected from the mangroves of vellar estuary yielded a mosquitocidal bacterium, whose secondary metabolites exhibited mosquito larvicidal and pupicidal activity. the bacterium was isolated using standard microbiological methods and identified using classical biochemical tests. the mosquitocidal bacterium was identified as bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus sphaericus and bacillus cereus. mosquitocidal metabolite(s) was separated from the culture supernatant of the bact ...201326345039
reduction of listeria monocytogenes and bacillus cereus in milk by zinc oxide nanoparticles.direct addition of antimicrobial materials to food during food processing is an effective method for controlling microbial contaminants of food and extending the shelf- life of food products. objective of this research was to study the antimicrobial effect of zinc oxide (zno) nanoparticle and potential applications of zno nanoparticles in terms of controling two food-borne pathogens in milk.201526351469
chemical composition and in vitro antibacterial activity of mentha spicata essential oil against common food-borne pathogenic bacteria.the aim of the present study was to investigate chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oil from the leaf of mentha spicata plant against common food-borne pathogenic bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, listeria monocytogenes, salmonella typhimurium, and escherichia coli o157:h7). chemical composition of the essential oil was identified by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer detector (gc-ms). the antibacterial activity of the es ...201526351584
multiparametric quantitation of the bacillus cereus toxins cereulide and isocereulides a-g in foods.consumption of food products contaminated with cereulide (1), a toxin produced by bacillus cereus, might cause intoxications with symptoms reported to range from indigestion pain and emesis to death. recently, a series of structural variants, coined isocereulides a-g (2-8), were identified for the first time to be produced along with cereulide (1). the observation that isocereulide a (2) shows an ∼ 8-fold increased cytotoxicity when compared to 1 urges the development of analytical tools enablin ...201526352912
a cluster of cns infections due to b. cereus in the setting of acute myeloid leukemia: neuropathology in 5 patients.bacillus cereus typically causes a self-limited foodborne gastrointestinal (gi) illness. severe invasive infection occurs rarely, mainly among immunocompromised hosts. we describe a cluster of b. cereus infections among 5 patients with acute myeloid leukemia and chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. the initial case presented with occipital lobe abscess and was found on biopsy to have organisms consistent with bacillus species. within 1 week, a second patient died of fulminant brain swelling and hem ...201526352989
antimicrobial susceptibility and the in vitro postantibiotic effects of vancomycin and ciprofloxacin against bacillus cereus isolates.vancomycin and ciprofloxacin were often used in the therapy of infections associated with bacillus cereus.201626358183
brown algae (phaeophyceae) from the coast of madagascar: preliminary bioactivity studies and isolation of natural products.eight species of brown algae (phaeophyceae) from the coast of madagascar have been investigated for their chemical constituents. fucosterol (3) was obtained as the most abundant compound. the brown alga sargassum ilicifolium was the source for the first isolation of the terpenoid c27-alcohol 1,1',2-trinorsqualenol (1) from marine sources. from s. incisifolium we isolated the highly unsaturated glycolipid 1-o-palmitoyl-2-o-stearidonoyl-3-o-β-d-galactopyranosylglycerol (4) and we report the first ...201526358714
essential oils and diethyl ether extracts of serbian xeranthemum cylindraceum and x. annum: chemical composition, antimicrobial activity, and chemotaxonomic implications.detailed gc and gc-ms analyses of the essential oils and et2 o extracts of two xeranthemum species - x. cylindraceum and x. annum - resulted in the identification of 254 components, in total. terpenoids constituted the major part of both x. cylindraceum and x. annum essential oils and extracts (51.8-65.7%, and 50.7%, resp.). among the sesquiterpenoids, the extracts of both investigated taxa contained the guaianolide xerantholide, its 11,13-dihydro derivatives, and two additional sesquiterpene la ...201526363882
merosesquiterpenoids and ten-membered macrolides from a soft coral-derived lophiostoma sp. fungus.one new merosesquiterpenoid, craterellin d (1), along with one known analog, craterellin a (2), and five known ten-membered macrolides, 3-7, were isolated from a soft coral-derived lophiostoma sp. fungus. the absolute configuration of 1 was established based on biogenetic consideration with the co-isolated analog 2, whose configuration was determined by modified mosher's method and single-crystal x-ray diffraction analysis using cukα radiation. the absolute configuration of 3 was determined by x ...201526363884
high-rate biological denitrification in the cyclic rotating-bed biological reactor: effect of cod/no3(-), nitrate concentration and salinity and the phylogenetic analysis of denitrifiers.the effects of cod/no3(-) ratio, nitrate concentration and salinity was tested on the performance of the crbr in denitrification with catechol as carbon source. the maximum nitrate reduction attained at cod/no3(-) ratio of 1. the crbr operated at optimum cod/no3(-) ratio could completely denitrify the nitrate at inlet concentration up to 1250mg/l without nitrite accumulation. the maximum denitrification rate in the crbr was 3.56kgno3(-)/m(3)d with a nitrate reduction efficiency of 99% when the b ...201526369277
clinical characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacillus cereus blood stream infections.bacillus cereus is one of the pathogens causing nosocomial bloodstream infections (bsis). however, few reports have documented the antimicrobial susceptibility and clinical characteristics of bacillus cereus bsi and the importance of empirical therapy. the aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility of b. cereus isolates from patients with bsi and to analyze the impact of appropriate empirical therapy on the outcome of patients with b. cereu ...201526370137
structural and computational analysis of peptide recognition mechanism of class-c type penicillin binding protein, alkaline d-peptidase from bacillus cereus df4-b.alkaline d-peptidase from bacillus cereus df4-b, called adp, is a d-stereospecific endopeptidase reacting with oligopeptides containing d-phenylalanine (d-phe) at n-terminal penultimate residue. adp has attracted increasing attention because it is useful as a catalyst for synthesis of d-phe oligopeptides or, with the help of substrate mimetics, l-amino acid peptides and proteins. structure and functional analysis of adp is expected to elucidate molecular mechanism of adp. in this study, the crys ...201526370172
molecular characterisation of bacillus chitinase for bioconversion of chitin waste.in this work chitin was extracted chemically from shrimp shells. seventeen bacillus isolates were screened for chitinolytic activity. the chitinolytic strains of bt. were screened at different temperatures and phs for their hydrolytic potentials. by using a pair of specific primers, endochitinase gene was amplified from sbs bt-5 strain through pcr, and then cloned into ptz57 ta cloning vector and transferred in escherichia coli dh5α strain. the sequenced gene (genbank accession no: he995800) con ...201626373305
genomic insights into the taxonomic status of the bacillus cereus group.the identification and phylogenetic relationships of bacteria within the bacillus cereus group are controversial. this study aimed at determining the taxonomic affiliations of these strains using the whole-genome sequence-based genome blast distance phylogeny (gbdp) approach. the gbdp analysis clearly separated 224 strains into 30 clusters, representing eleven known, partially merged species and accordingly 19-20 putative novel species. additionally, 16s rrna gene analysis, a novel variant of mu ...201526373441
methylatable signaling helix coordinated inhibitory receiver domain in sensor kinase modulates environmental stress response in bacillus cereus.σb, an alternative transcription factor, controls the response of the cell to a variety of environmental stresses in bacillus cereus. previously, we reported that rsbm negatively regulates σb through the methylation of rsbk, a hybrid sensor kinase, on a signaling helix (s-helix). however, rsbk comprises a c-terminal receiver (rec) domain whose function remains unclear. in this study, deletion of the c-terminal rec domain of rsbk resulted in high constitutive σb expression independent of environm ...201526379238
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