Publications

effects of inducers of cytochrome p450s on enrofloxacin n-deethylation in crucian carp carassius auratus gibelio.	in this study with crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio), the effect on enrofloxacin (ef) and its metabolite ciprofloxacin (cf) and on the activity of cytochrome p450 1a (cyp1a) and cytochrome p450 3a (cyp3a) was estimated following the oral administration of rifampicin (rif) (12mg/kg) and β-naphthoflavone (bnf) (12mg/kg), respectively. first, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (rp-hplc) was used to detect the pharmacokinetics of ef with continual blood sampling. in rif-tre ...	2016	27490210
the life cycle of thelohanellus kitauei (myxozoa: myxosporea) infecting common carp (cyprinus carpio) involves aurantiactinomyxon in branchiura sowerbyi.	thelohanellus kitauei is a freshwater myxosporean parasite causing intestinal giant cystic disease of common carp. to clarify the life cycle of t. kitauei, we investigated the oligochaete populations in china and hungary. this study confirms two distinct aurantiactinomyxon morphotypes (aurantiactinomyxon type 1 and aurantiactinomyxon type 2) from branchiura sowerbyi as developmental stages of the life cycle of t. kitauei. the morphological characteristics and dna sequences of these two types are ...	2016	27492197
zebrafish irf1, irf3, and irf7 differentially regulate ifnφ1 and ifnφ3 expression through assembly of homo- or heteroprotein complexes.	in mammals, ifn regulatory factor (irf)1, irf3, and irf7 are three critical transcription factors that are pivotal for cooperative regulation of the type i ifn response. in this study, we explored the relative contribution of zebrafish (danio rerio) irf1 (drirf1), irf3 (drirf3), and irf7 (drirf7) (drirf1/3/7) to zebrafish ifnφ1 (drifnφ1) and ifnφ3 (drifnφ3) (drifnφ1/3) activation. following spring viremia of carp virus infection, drifnφ1/3 and drirf1/3/7 transcripts are significantly induced in ...	2016	27496972
draining and liming of ponds as an effective measure for containment of cyhv-3 in carp farms.	infections of common carp cyprinus carpio and koi, its coloured morphotypes, with the cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) can induce severe clinical signs and increased mortality in affected stocks. this may significantly challenge the economic basis of carp farming in central europe. to limit virus spread in carp farms, effective disinfection measures for ponds stocked with infected populations are required. in the traditional european pond aquaculture of carp, draining and liming of ponds with qui ...	2016	27503923
a silver carp skin derived collagen in bone defect treatment-a histological study in a rat model.	in recent years, there has been increasing interest in elaboration of novel therapeutic strategies, such as the use of the marine collagen products. biochemical properties of marine collagen are different from those of mammalian collagen; e.g., its extremely high solubility in diluted acid. extracts produced using low temperature techniques contain a number of small proteins and collagen with preserved triple helix structure. the aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of a new marine pro ...	2016	27507153
benchmark dataset for undirected and mixed capacitated arc routing problems under time restrictions with intermediate facilities.	in this article we present benchmark datasets for the mixed capacitated arc routing problem under time restrictions with intermediate facilities (mcarptif). the problem is a generalisation of the capacitated arc routing problem (carp), and closely represents waste collection routing. four different test sets are presented, each consisting of multiple instance files, and which can be used to benchmark different solution approaches for the mcarptif. an in-depth description of the datasets can be f ...	2016	27508252
acute ammonia toxicity in crucian carp carassius auratus and effects of taurine on hyperammonemia.	the four experimental groups were carried out to test the response of crucian carp carassius auratus to ammonia toxicity and taurine: group 1 was injected with nacl, group 2 was injected with ammonium acetate, group 3 was injected with ammonium acetate and taurine, and group 4 was injected with taurine. fish in group 2 had the highest ammonia and glutamine contents, and the lowest glutamate content in liver and brain. serum superoxide dismutase (sod), glutathione (gsh) activities, red cell count ...	2016	27510860
carbonic anhydrases in cnidarians: novel perspectives from the octocorallian corallium rubrum.	although the ability to elaborate calcium carbonate biominerals was apparently gained independently during animal evolution, members of the alpha carbonic anhydrases (α-cas) family, which catalyze the interconversion of co2 into hco3-, are involved in the biomineralization process across metazoans. in the mediterranean red coral corallium rubrum, inhibition studies suggest an essential role of cas in the synthesis of two biominerals produced in this octocoral, the axial skeleton and the sclerite ...	2016	27513959
a scalable approach to capacitated arc routing problems based on hierarchical decomposition.	the capacitated arc routing problem (carp) is a challenging optimization problem with lots of applications in the real world. numerous approaches have been proposed to tackle this problem. most of these methods, albeit showing good performance on carp instances of small and median sizes, do not scale well to large-scale carps, e.g., taking at least a few hours to achieve a satisfactory solution on a carp instance with thousands of tasks. in this paper, an efficient and scalable approach is propo ...	2016	27514069
environment shapes the fecal microbiome of invasive carp species.	although the common, silver, and bighead carps are native and sparsely distributed in eurasia, these fish have become abundant and invasive in north america. an understanding of the biology of these species may provide insights into sustainable control methods. the animal-associated microbiome plays an important role in host health. characterization of the carp microbiome and the factors that affect its composition is an important step toward understanding the biology and interrelationships betw ...	2016	27514729
molecular characterisation of a disseminated cryptosporidium infection in a koi carp (cyprinus carpio).	cryptosporidium is a protozoan parasite that infects a wide range of hosts, yet relatively little is known about the epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis in fish. here we report a disseminated cryptosporidium infection in a male koi carp (cyprinus carpio), with parasite stages identified deep within the epithelium of the intestine, kidneys, spleen, liver and gills causing severe granulomatous inflammatory lesions. molecular characterization at two loci; 18s ribosomal rna (rrna) and actin, revealed ...	2016	27514884
the composition of furan fatty acids in the crayfish.	capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) analysis of the sterol ester fatty acid methyl esters of the crayfish hepatopancreas revealed the presence of at least 30 kinds of unusual furan fatty acids (f acids), which accounted for 28.49% of the total sterol ester fatty acids. on the other hand, only small amounts were found in triacylglycerols (0.5%) and phospholipids (0.7%). among the f acids, 17 acids were the hitherto unknown ones, the major component being 12,15-epoxy-13,14-dimet ...	1988	27520122
transcriptome signatures in common carp spleen in response to aeromonas hydrophila infection.	the common carp is an important aquaculture species that is worldwide distributed. nowadays, intensive rearing in aquaculture increases the susceptibility of fish to various pathogens such as aeromonas hydrophila, which has caused severe damage to carp production. however, systematic analysis on the host response of common carp against a. hydrophila is less studied. in order to better understand the common carp immune response process against bacteria at the global gene expression level, we exam ...	2016	27521591
reference gene validation for quantification of gene expression during final oocyte maturation induced by diethylstilbestrol and di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate in common carp.	final oocyte maturation is the key step to successful spawning and fertilization. quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr) is the technique of election to quantify the abundance of functional genes in such study. reference gene is essential for correct interpretation of qpcr data. however, an ideal universal reference gene that is stable under all experimental circumstances has not been described. researchers should validate their reference genes while performing qpcr analysis. the expression of 6 cand ...	2016	27521935
association study between single nucleotide polymorphisms in leptin and growth traits in cyprinus carpio var. jian.	leptin is a hormone that affects the regulation of body weight, energy expenditure, fat metabolism, food intake, and appetite. in this study, we cloned the jllep-a1 and jllep-a2 genes in jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian) and performed an association analysis between identified polymorphisms and growth traits. three polymorphisms in exons of jllep-a1 (a1-t113c) and jllep-a2 (a2-g415a and a2-g427a) were identified, and genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length po ...	2016	27525905
cell fusion as the formation mechanism of unreduced gametes in the gynogenetic diploid hybrid fish.	the gynogenetic diploid hybrid clone line (gdh) derived from red crucian carp (♀ rcc) × common carp (♂ cc) possesses the unusual reproductive trait of producing unreduced diploid eggs. to identify the mechanism underlying this phenomenon, we examined the structure, in vivo developmental process and in vitro dynamic development of the gdh gonad. in summary, compared with rcc and cc, gdh showed certain special straits. first, a high frequency (84.7%) of germ cell fusion occurred in gonadal tissue ...	2016	27530321
determination of eugenol in fish and shrimp muscle tissue by stable isotope dilution assay and solid-phase extraction coupled gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.	in this study, we developed a new method for the accurate quantification of eugenol in fish samples based on stable isotope dilution assay (sida) and solid-phase extraction (spe) coupled gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (sida-spe-gc-ms/ms). due to the difference of matrix effect (me), it was difficult to determine accurately the level of eugenol residue in different fish and shrimp samples based on external standard calibration method. sida was applied to compensate matrix ...	2016	27531030
carp interacts with titin at a unique helical n2a sequence and at the domain ig81 to form a structured complex.	the cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (carp) is up-regulated in the myocardium during cardiovascular disease and in response to mechanical or toxic stress. stress-induced carp interacts with the n2a spring region of the titin filament to modulate muscle compliance. we characterize the interaction between carp and titin-n2a and show that the binding site in titin spans the dual domain un2a-ig81. we find that the unique sequence un2a is not structurally disordered, but that it has a stable, elongated ...	2016	27531639
anti-carbamylated protein antibodies as a reproducible independent type of rheumatoid arthritis autoantibodies.	a large fraction of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) develop specific autoantibodies, which until recently were only of two types, rheumatoid factor (rf) and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (acpa). we aimed to replicate important findings about a recently described third type of specific autoantibodies, anti-carbamylated protein (anti-carp) antibodies, because they have been described based only in the homemade elisa from a single laboratory. our study included 520 patients with ...	2016	27537849
toxic effects of copper sulfate and copper nanoparticles on minerals, enzymes, thyroid hormones and protein fractions of plasma and histopathology in common carp cyprinus carpio.	differences in toxicological effects of dissolved copper and copper nanoparticles were studied in common carp, cyprinus carpio. the fish were exposed to 0.25mgl(-1) copper as copper sulfate (0.25cu), 0.25mgl(-1) copper as copper oxide nanoparticles (0.25ncu) and 25mgl(-1) copper as copper oxide nanoparticles (25ncu) over 14days. plasma biochemical, enzymatic and hormonal characteristics, and liver and kidney histopathology were examined at the end of the experiment. the results showed that both ...	2016	27555376
probiotic potential of autochthonous bacteria isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of four freshwater teleosts.	in this study, a total of 121 bacterial strains were isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of four teleostean species, namely striped snakehead (channa striatus), striped dwarf catfish (mystus vittatus), orangefin labeo (labeo calbasu) and mrigal carp (cirrhinus mrigala), among which 8 isolates showed promising antibacterial activity against four potential fish pathogens, aeromonas hydrophila, aeromonas salmonicida, aeromonas sobria and pseudomonas fluorescens and were non-hemolytic. the isol ...	2017	27557836
how could fully scaled carps appear in natural waters in madagascar?	the capacity of organisms to rapidly evolve in response to environmental changes is a key feature of evolution, and studying mutation compensation is a way to evaluate whether alternative routes of evolution are possible or not. common carps (cyprinus carpio) carrying a homozygous loss-of-function mutation for the scale cover gene fgfr1a1, causing the 'mirror' reduced scale cover, were introduced in madagascar a century ago. here we show that carps in malagasy natural waters are now predominantl ...	2016	27559059
dimethoate induced behavioural changes in juveniles of cyprinus carpio var. communis under temperate conditions of kashmir, india.	the present study was designed to investigate acute toxicity of dimethoate on juvenile cyprinus carpio var. communis. fishes weighing 10 ± 2 gms were selected and mortality data was statistically evaluated by finney's probit method. the 96-hour lc50 value for cyprinus carpio was found as 1.1 ppm in static bioassay system. mean values of physicochemical parameters of aquarium waters determined during bioassay depicted slight variation indicating that the mortality in aquarium fishes occurred due ...	2016	27563689
impacts of loach bioturbation on the selective bioaccumulation of hbcdd diastereoisomers and enantiomers by mirror carp in a microcosm.	to assess the impacts of bioturbation at the water-sediment interface on the bioaccumulation of hexabromocyclododecane diastereoisomers (hbcdds) by pelagic organisms and the bioisomerization and enantioselectivity therein, we built microcosms containing water, mirror carp (cyprinus carpio), and sediment. the microcosms were sorted into two groups, with or without loach (misgurnus anguillicaudatus) living at the water-sediment interface. a 50-d accumulation test was conducted by spiking the micro ...	2016	27565315
infection and immunity against ichthyophthirius multifiliis in zebrafish (danio rerio).	ichthyophthirius multifiliis, causing white spot disease, is a serious pathogen in aquaculture as well as for the ornamental fish industry. in carp, channel catfish and rainbow trout the immune responses against the parasite have been partly elucidated and these species are able to acquire a high level of immunity against the disease. zebrafish are however, known to be more resilient towards the disease than channel catfish but the pathology and the ability to obtain protection is unknown. in th ...	2016	27567935
improvement of common carp (cyprinus carpio) sperm cryopreservation using a programable freezer.	the applicability of a programmable freezer for the increased-scale cryopreservation of common carp sperm was investigated. the effect of different equilibration times, cryopreservation methods, extenders, dilution ratios, activating solutions on the post-thaw motility of common carp sperm was investigated. the suitable post-thaw storage time-interval as well as fertilizing capacity of cryopreserved sperm was also examined. the motility, curvilinear velocity (vcl) and straightness (str) values d ...	2016	27570061
lipid composition in common carp (cyprinus carpio) sperm possessing different cryoresistance.	the present study examined the lipid composition of plasma membranes in carp sperm with different post-thaw motility. the approach adapted for carp sperm cryopreservation, which involves the selection of the most effective protocol for individual males by comparing two cryoprotective media, was applied to the cryopreservation procedure. sperm motility prior to freezing was greater than 80% but decreased to 40% in one group and to 10% in another group following cryopreservation. lipid content of ...	2016	27574978
molecular characterization of activin receptor type iia and its expression during gonadal maturation and growth stages in rohu carp.	activin receptor type iia (actriia), a transmembrane serine/threonine kinase receptor is an important regulator of physiological traits, viz., reproduction and body growth in vertebrates including teleosts. however, existing knowledge of its role in regulating fish physiology is limited. to address this, we have cloned and characterized the actriia cdna of labeo rohita (rohu), an economically important fish species of the indian subcontinent. comparative expression profiling of the receptor gene ...	2017	27575753
carp il10a and il10b exert identical biological activities in vitro, but are differentially regulated in vivo.	we recently reported on the functional characterization of carp il10. we showed that carp il10 is able to downregulate proinflammatory activities by carp phagocytes and promote b cell proliferation, differentiation and antibody production as well as proliferation of memory t cells. taking advantage of the recent annotation of the carp genome, we completed the sequence of a second il10 paralogue, named il10b, the presence of which was expected owing to the recent (8 million years ago) fourth roun ...	2017	27586813
a full-body transcriptome and proteome resource for the european common carp.	the common carp (cyprinus carpio) is the oldest, most domesticated and one of the most cultured fish species for food consumption. besides its economic importance, the common carp is also highly suitable for comparative physiological and disease studies in combination with the animal model zebrafish (danio rerio). they are genetically closely related but offer complementary benefits for fundamental research, with the large body mass of common carp presenting possibilities for obtaining sufficien ...	2016	27590662
complete genome sequence and architecture of crucian carp carassius auratus herpesvirus (cahv).	crucian carp carassius auratus herpesvirus (cahv) was isolated from diseased crucian carp with acute gill hemorrhages and high mortality. the cahv genome was sequenced and analyzed. the data showed that it consists of 275,348 bp and contains 150 predicted orfs. the architecture of the cahv genome differs from those of four cyprinid herpesviruses (cyhv1, cyhv2, sy-c1, cyhv3), with insertions, deletions and the absence of a terminal direct repeat. phylogenetic analysis of the dna polymerase sequen ...	2016	27591780
exposure to sub-acute doses of fipronil and buprofezin in combination or alone induces biochemical, hematological, histopathological and genotoxic damage in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	use of pesticides or insecticides can be highly toxic to aquatic life forms due to leaching and agricultural runoff, rains or flood. fipronil (fp) is a gaba receptor inhibitor, while buprofezin (bpfn) is an insect growth regulator. presently, we exposed groups of aquaria acclimated carp fish (cyprinus carpio) for 96h to sub-lethal concentrations of fipronil (400μgl(-1); 9.15×10(-7)moll(-1)) and buprofezin (bpfn, 100mgl(-1); 1.072×10(-6)moll(-1)) singly or in combination. the extent of damage was ...	2016	27595653
the impact of stunning methods on stress conditions and quality of silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix) fillets stored at 4°c during 72h postmortem.	this study aimed to evaluate different stunning methods [percussion (t1), immersion in ice/water slurry (t2), and gill cut (t3)] on quality and stress conditions of silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix) fillets stored at 4°c in 72h postmortem. rigor index (ri%), behavioral analysis, levels of lactic acid and muscle glycogen were measured for stress level evaluation. meanwhile, sensory assessment, texture properties, cooking loss, adenosine triphosphate (atp) related compounds, adenosine mono ...	2017	27596401
detection of spring viraemia of carp virus in imported amphibians reveals an unanticipated foreign animal disease threat.	global translocation of plants and animals is a well-recognized mechanism for introduction of pathogens into new regions. to mitigate this risk, various tools such as preshipment health certificates, quarantines, screening for specific disease agents and outright bans have been implemented. however, such measures only target known infectious agents and their hosts and may fail to prevent translocation of even well-recognized pathogens if they are carried by novel host species. in a recent exampl ...	2016	27599472
nkx2.5/carp signaling pathway contributes to the regulation of ion channel remodeling induced by rapid pacing in rat atrial myocytes.	remodeling of atrial electrophysiology and structure is the primary feature of atrial fibrillation (af). evidence suggests that abnormalities in the expression levels of embryological cardiovascular development‑associated transcription factors, including nkx2.5, are crucial for the development of af. rat atrial myocardial cells (amcs) in culture dishes were placed in an electric field and stimulated. transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastucture prior to and following ra ...	2016	27600472
aphanius sophiae (actinoptrygii, cyprinodontidae), a new host for ichthyophthirius multifiliis (ciliophora) reported from iran.	aphanius sophiae (heckel, 1849) or soffia tooth-carp is endemic species to the endorheic kor river basin, fars province, southwest of iran. in spite of importance of this species as a biologic control of anopheles larvae, little attention has been paid to its diseases particularly parasitic infections. a total of 24 a. sophiae (12 males and 12 females) in safashahr spring, kor river basin, were collected by using dip net in february 2012. surface of all fish were gross examined and screened for ...	2016	27605832
gonadotropins in the russian sturgeon: their role in steroid secretion and the effect of hormonal treatment on their secretion.	in the reproduction process of male and female fish, pituitary derived gonadotropins (gths) play a key role. to be able to specifically investigate certain functions of luteinizing (lh) and follicle stimulating hormone (fsh) in russian sturgeon (acipenser gueldenstaedtii; st), we produced recombinant variants of the hormones using the yeast pichia pastoris as a protein production system. we accomplished to create in vitro biologically active heterodimeric glycoproteins consisting of two associat ...	2016	27622546
identification of small peptides of acidic collagen extracts from silver carp skin and their therapeutic relevance.	low-temperature techniques that prevent protein denaturation are being used to extract collagen from fish skin for cosmetic purposes. these extracts contain collagen with its triple helix structure preserved, as well as a number of other proteins.	2016	27627554
the effect of silver carp skin-derived peptides on the activities of vegf and hsp70.1 gene transcription promoters.	studies conducted on human cell culture models have demonstrated that collagen-derived peptides can exert a beneficial effect in medicine. however, all these studies were conducted using animal collagen samples, most often originating from bovine or porcine skin. currently attempts are being made to replace animal collagen with fish collagen.	2016	27629728
polysaccharides from marine macroalga, padina gymnospora improve the nonspecific and specific immune responses of cyprinus carpio and protect it from different pathogens.	immunostimulation by plant-derived compounds presents a fascinating alternative to vaccines and antibiotics in aquaculture. fish farmers are longing for immunostimulants that activate both specific and nonspecific immune responses of fish and protect fishes from all possible infections. in this study, we observed that polysaccharide fraction from marine macroalga, padina gymnospora stimulated the immune response of common carp cyprinus carpio (filed for patent, indian patent no. 201641027311 dat ...	2016	27633680
copper bioaccumulation and depuration in common carp (cyprinus carpio) following co-exposure to tio2 and cuo nanoparticles.	metal oxide nanoparticles (nps), such as tio2 and cuo, are widely applied in an increasing number of products and applications, and therefore their release to the aquatic ecosystems is unavoidable. however, little is known about joint toxicity of different nps on tissues of aquatic organisms, such as fish. this study was conducted to assess the uptake and depuration of cu following exposure to cuo nps in the presence of tio2 nps in the liver, intestine, muscle, and gill of common carp, cyprinus ...	2016	27638716
characterization of sections of the sava river based on fish community structure.	sampling was undertaken, with the same fishing gear and along the sava river, from its source to its confluence, in september 2014 and september 2015. in total, 44 fish species were identified, of which 37 were native species and 7 were alien. fish samples revealed independence in terms of both species composition and their abundance under different hydrological conditions. during flooding and high water levels in 2014, pelagic fish species were sampled in greater proportion than at lower water ...	2017	27639023
protein profile of seminal plasma and functionality of spermatozoa during the reproductive season in the common carp (cyprinus carpio) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss).	the purpose of the study was to analyze seminal plasma composition, sperm production, and sperm motility over the course of the spawning season in the common carp (cyprinus carpio) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). the highest mean percent of motile sperm (carp, 98.3 ± 1.6%; rainbow trout, 92.8 ± 5.6%) and highest spermatozoon velocity (carp, 286.3 ± 7.8 μm sec(-1) ; rainbow trout, 245.3 ± 8.3 μm sec(-1) ) were observed in the middle phase of the spawning period, at 5 sec post-activation. ...	2016	27641056
molecular characterization and growth association of two apolipoprotein a-ib genes in common carp (cyprinus carpio).	apolipoprotein a-i (apoa-i) is functionally involved in the transportation and metabolism of lipids in vertebrates. in this study, two isoforms of apoa-ib in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) were characterized. sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis showed that c. carpio apoa-ib is relatively conserved within cyprinid fishes. during embryonic development, c. carpio apoa-ib was first expressed at the stage of multi-cells, and the highest mrna level was observed at the stage of optic vesicl ...	2016	27649163
histopathological effects following short-term coexposure of cyprinus carpio to nanoparticles of tio2 and cuo.	the aim of this research was to investigate the coexposure of nanoparticles of titanium dioxide (tio2) and copper oxide (cuo) on the alterations of the gill, intestine, kidney, and liver tissues of carps (cyprinus carpio). in this study, carps (length 23 ± 1.5 cm; weight 13 ± 1.3 g) were divided into six groups of 15 each and exposed to 2.5 and 5.0 mg l(-1) of cuo nanoparticles (nps), 10.0 mg l(-1) of tio2 nps, and 2.5 and 5.0 mg l(-1) of cuo nps + 10.0 mg l(-1) of tio2 np mixture. fish were sam ...	2016	27650436
effect of single and combination of three triazine metabolites at environmental concentrations on early life stages of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	the sensitivity of early life stages of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) to chronic exposure to single and combined environmental concentrations of the triazine metabolites terbuthylazine 2-hydroxy, terbuthylazine-desethyl and atrazine 2-hydroxy was evaluated under laboratory conditions. their effects were assessed on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes (total superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, catalase, glutathione s-transferase, reduced glutathione), mortality, growth, developmen ...	2016	27650852
the p protein of spring viremia of carp virus negatively regulates the fish interferon response by inhibiting the kinase activity of tank-binding kinase 1.	spring viremia of carp virus (svcv) is an efficient pathogen causing high mortality in the common carp. fish interferon (ifn) is a powerful cytokine enabling host cells to establish an antiviral response; therefore, the strategies that svcv uses to avoid the cellular ifn response were investigated. here, we report that the svcv p protein is phosphorylated by cellular tank-binding kinase 1 (tbk1), which decreases ifn regulatory factor 3 (irf3) phosphorylation and suppresses ifn production. first, ...	2016	27654289
genetic distances of crucian carp populations analyzed by pcr approach.	genomic dnas isolated from crucian carp of four rivers, belonging to the family cyprinidae was amplified by seven oligonucleotides primers. in the present study, we employed hierarchical clustering method in order to reveal genetic distances and variations. crucian carp was acquired from hangang river (cah), geumgang river (cag), nakdonggang river (can) and yeongsangang river (cay). the primer bion-12 generated the most loci (a total of 50) with an average of 10 in the cay population. the primer ...	2016	27660831
potential probiotics from indian major carp, cirrhinus mrigala. characterization, pathogen inhibitory activity, partial characterization of bacteriocin and production of exoenzymes.	the study explored antagonistic activity of the cellular components of potential probiotic bacteria from mrigal (cirrhinus mrigala) against fish pathogens with a basic insight of the chemical nature of the antagonistic compound. totally 208 autochthonous gut bacteria were isolated, of which 22 strains revealed antagonism towards ≥2 of the six common fish pathogens. zones of inhibition (halo diameter) were presented as score and the four most promising strains were selected as putative probiotics ...	2016	27663374
assessment of heavy metal pollution risks in yonki reservoir environmental matrices affected by gold mining activity.	this study reports the heavy metal (hg, cd, cr, cu, and pb) contamination risks to and safety of two species of fresh water fish (tilapia, oreochromis mossambicus and carp, cyprinus carpio) that are farmed in the yonki reservoir in the eastern highlands of papua new guinea (png). the upper reaches of the reservoir are affected by alluvial and large-scale gold mining activities. we also assessed heavy metal levels in the surface waters and sediments and in selected aquatic plant species from the ...	2016	27663878
susceptibility of common carp and sunfish to a strain of francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis in a challenge experiment.	francisellosis, an emerging disease in many fish species, can cause high mortality in affected populations. here we investigated the susceptibility of common carp cyprinus carpio and sunfish lepomis gibbosus to francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis (fno), and possible transmission of the bacteria between the 2 fish species. in a challenge experiment, 3 groups of each species were injected intraperitoneally (ip) with 3 different doses of an fno strain no. 9449 of the norwegian veterinary inst ...	2016	27667813
agaricus bisporus powder improved cutaneous mucosal and serum immune parameters and up-regulated intestinal cytokines gene expression in common carp (cyprinus carpio) fingerlings.	the aim of the present study was to investigate immunomodulatory effects of agaricus bisporus, white bottom mushroom powder (wbmp) on common carp (cyprinus carpio) fingerlings. carps were fed on different levels of wbmp (0, 0.5, 1 and 2%) for 8 weeks and at the end of feeding trial, skin mucus immune parameters (total ig, lysozyme and protease activity), cytokines gene expression (tnf-alpha, il1b, il8) in intestine as well as serum non-specific immune parameters (total ig, lysozyme and ach50) we ...	2016	27678509
accumulation of metals in juvenile carp (cyprinus carpio) exposed to sublethal levels of iron and manganese: survival, body weight and tissue.	many oxbows are contaminated by fe and mn as a consequence of the elemental concentration of sediment and water originating from the upper tisza region of hungary. the phenomenon is partly caused by anthropogenic activities and mainly due to the geochemical characteristics of the region. the effects of fe and mn on the aquatic ecosystem of these wetlands were investigated in a model experiments in this study. survival, individual body weight and the elemental concentrations of organs were determ ...	2017	27683024
carp-1 functional mimetics are novel inhibitors of drug-resistant triple negative breast cancers.	doxorubicin and cisplatin are the frontline therapeutics for treatment of the triple negative breast cancers (tnbcs). emergence of drug-resistance often contributes to failure of drugs and poor prognosis, and thus necessitates development of new and improved modalities to treat tnbcs. we generated and characterized chemotherapy-resistant tnbc cells following their culture in chronic presence of doxorubicin or cisplatin, and tested whether their viabilities were inhibited by a novel class of carp ...	2016	27687593
detection of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus from the leeches hemiclepsis marginata and hirudo medicinalis.	leeches have been reported to harbor several important fish pathogens, including spring viremia of carp virus, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv), and viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv), and also may contain blood protozoa. in the present study, leeches were collected from water bodies located in kurdistan province, iran. the specimens were tested for ihnv, vhsv, and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (ipnv) using the pcr method. the results showed that two different species ...	2016	27687675
canthaxanthin: from molecule to function.	the aim of this review is to summarize the relevant literature about the use of canthaxanthin in food science and nutrition research. canthaxanthin is a red-orange carotenoid that belongs to the xanthophyll group. this naturally occurring pigment is present in bacteria, algae and some fungi. canthaxanthin is also responsible for the color of flamingo feathers, koi carp skin and crustacean shells. canthaxanthin is widely used in poultry (broiler, laying hens) as a feed additive. canthaxanthin can ...	2016	27687695
structural and functional characterization of recombinant interleukin-10 from indian major carp labeo rohita.	interleukin-10, an important regulator of both the innate and adaptive immune systems, is a multifunctional major cytokine. though it is one of the major cytokines, il-10 from the indian major carp, labeo rohita, has not yet been characterized. in the present study, we report large scale production and purification of biologically active recombinant il-10 of l. rohita (rlril-10) using a heterologous expression system and its biophysical and functional characterization. high yield (~70 mg/l) of s ...	2017	27689097
antibiotic resistance and repetitive-element pcr fingerprinting in aeromonas veronii isolates.	this study evaluated antibiotic resistance and the related genes in total 47 aeromonas veronii isolates from pet fish, eel (anguilla japonica) and koi (cyprinus carpio) in korea. in comparison with the antibiotic susceptibilities of isolates from eel and koi, those of pet fish were more resistant to ceftiofur, aminoglycosides, tetracycline and nitrofurantoin. and isolates from pet fish showed high prevalences of class 1 integron, quinolones and tetracycline resistance determinants than those fro ...	2016	27690177
dietary choline deficiency and excess induced intestinal inflammation and alteration of intestinal tight junction protein transcription potentially by modulating nf-κb, stat and p38 mapk signaling molecules in juvenile jian carp.	this study investigated the effects of choline on intestinal mucosal immune and the possible mechanisms in fish by feeding juvenile jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian) with graded levels of dietary choline (165-1820 mg/kg diet) for 65 days. the results firstly showed that choline deficiency induced inflammatory infiltration in the proximal intestine (pi), mid intestine (mi) and distal intestine (di) of fish. meanwhile, compared with the optimal choline group, choline deficiency decreased the a ...	2016	27693201
transfer, tissue distribution and bioaccumulation of microcystin lr in the phytoplanktivorous and carnivorous fish in anzali wetland, with potential health risks to humans.	this study was conducted to determine microcystin lr concentration in the aquatic ecosystem of the anzali wetland in iran. extraction and detection of mc-lr from the water and fish samples was conducted by the spe and hplc-uv apparatus. our results showed that among toxic cyanobacteria, anabaena was the dominant genera during the study period. the results indicated that mc-lr content in water ranged from 0.18 to 3.02μg/l in dissolved fraction and undetectable level to 1.13μg/l in cellular fracti ...	2017	27697341
targeted genomic enrichment and sequencing of cyhv-3 from carp tissues confirms low nucleotide diversity and mixed genotype infections.	koi herpesvirus disease (khvd) is an emerging disease that causes mass mortality in koi and common carp, cyprinus carpio l. its causative agent is cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3), also known as koi herpesvirus (khv). although data on the pathogenesis of this deadly virus is relatively abundant in the literature, still little is known about its genomic diversity and about the molecular mechanisms that lead to such a high virulence. in this context, we developed a new strategy for sequencing full- ...	2016	27703859
consistent individual differences in seed disperser quality in a seed-eating fish.	animal-mediated seed dispersal (zoochory) is considered to be an important mechanism regulating biological processes at larger spatial scales. to date, intra-specific variation in seed disperser quality within seed-dispersing animals has not been studied. here, i employed seed feeding trials to quantify individual differences in disperser quality within the common carp (cyprinus carpio) using seeds of two aquatic plants: unbranched bur-reed (sparganium emersum, sparganiaceae) and arrowhead (sagi ...	2017	27704241
cardiac ankyrin repeat protein attenuates cardiomyocyte apoptosis by upregulation of bcl-2 expression.	cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (carp) is a nuclear transcriptional co-factor that has additional functions in the myoplasm as a component of the muscle sarcomere. previous studies have demonstrated increased expression of carp in cardiovascular diseases, however, its role in cardiomyocyte apoptosis is unclear and controversial. in the present study, we investigated possible roles of carp in hypoxia/reoxygenation (h/r) -induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and the underlying mechanisms. neonatal mouse ...	2016	27713078
validation of a serum neutralization test for detection of antibodies specific to cyprinid herpesvirus 3 in infected common and koi carp (cyprinus carpio).	cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) is the aetiological agent of a serious infective, notifiable disease affecting common carp and varieties. in survivors, infection is generally characterized by a subclinical latency phase with restricted viral replication. the cyhv-3 genome is difficult to detect in such carrier fish that represent a potential source of dissemination if viral reactivation occurs. in this study, the analytical and diagnostic performance of an alternative serum neutralization (sn) m ...	2016	27716953
facilitated bioaccumulation of perfluorooctanesulfonate in common carp (cyprinus carpio) by graphene oxide and remission mechanism of fulvic acid.	as one of the most popular carbon-based nanomaterials, graphene oxide (go) has the potential to be released in aquatic environment and interact with some coexistent organic pollutants, such as perfluorooctanesulfonate (pfos), which is an emerging persistent organic pollutant. in this study, the adsorption of pfos on go in the presence of fulvic acid (fa), the impacts of go and fa on pfos toxicokinetics in carp (cyprinus carpio), and in vitro digestion behaviors were examined. the results indicat ...	2016	27718559
podophyllum hexandrum ameliorates endosulfan-induced genotoxicity and mutagenicity in freshwater cyprinid fish crucian carp.	medicinal plants continue to act as a repository for novel drug leads with novel mechanisms of action. podophyllum hexandrum royale (berberideceae) treats diverse conditions in folk medicine.	2017	27718769
geno- and cytotoxicity induced on cyprinus carpio by aluminum, iron, mercury and mixture thereof.	metals such as al, fe and hg are used in diverse anthropogenic activities. their presence in water bodies is due mainly to domestic, agricultural and industrial wastewater discharges and constitutes a hazard for the organisms inhabiting these environments. the present study aimed to evaluate geno- and cytotoxicity induced by al, fe, hg and the mixture of these metals on blood of the common carp cyprinus carpio. specimens were exposed to the permissible limits in water for human use and consumpti ...	2017	27721126
the c-terminal dimerization motif of cyclase-associated protein is essential for actin monomer regulation.	cyclase-associated protein (cap) is a conserved actin-regulatory protein that functions together with actin depolymerizing factor (adf)/cofilin to enhance actin filament dynamics. cap has multiple functional domains, and the function to regulate actin monomers is carried out by its c-terminal half containing a wiskott-aldrich syndrome protein homology 2 (wh2) domain, a cap and x-linked retinitis pigmentosa 2 (carp) domain, and a dimerization motif. wh2 and carp are implicated in binding to actin ...	2016	27729544
aquatic nuisance species in the great lakes and mississippi river basin-a risk assessment in support of glmris.	the u.s. army corps of engineers is conducting the great lakes and mississippi river interbasin study to identify the highest risk aquatic nuisance species currently established in either the mississippi river basin or the great lakes basin and prevent their movement into a new basin. the great lakes and mississippi river interbasin study focuses specifically on aquatic nuisance species movement through the chicago area waterway system, a multi-use waterway connecting the two basins. in support ...	2017	27734087
molecular characterization, tissue distribution and expression, and potential antiviral effects of trim32 in the common carp (cyprinus carpio).	tripartite motif-containing protein 32 (trim32) belongs to the tripartite motif (trim) family, which consists of a large number of proteins containing a ring (really interesting new gene) domain, one or two b-box domains, and coiled coil motif followed by different c-terminal domains. the trim family is known to be implicated in multiple cellular functions, including antiviral activity. however, it is presently unknown whether trim32 of common carp (cyprinus carpio) has the antiviral effect. in ...	2016	27735853
transcriptome analysis reveals that insulin is an immunomodulatory hormone in common carp.	common carp (cyprinus carpio) is a widespread freshwater fish and economically important species in china and other east asian countries. recent studies suggest that insulin can alter the expression of immune genes and, thus, can be regarded as an immunomodulatory hormone. to understand the mechanism of the immune response to insulin, we performed a comparative rna-seq transcriptome analysis using livers from common carp injected with insulin (5 μg/g bodyweight) or saline as a control. after fil ...	2016	27742590
the roles of tissue nitrate reductase activity and myoglobin in securing nitric oxide availability in deeply hypoxic crucian carp.	in mammals, treatment with low doses of nitrite has a cytoprotective effect in ischemia/reperfusion events, as a result of nitric oxide formation and s-nitrosation of proteins. interestingly, anoxia-tolerant lower vertebrates possess an intrinsic ability to increase intracellular nitrite concentration during anoxia in tissues with high myoglobin and mitochondria content, such as the heart. here, we tested the hypothesis that red and white skeletal muscles develop different nitrite levels in cruc ...	2016	27742892
influences of exogenous melatonin on the oocyte growth and oxidative status of ovary during different reproductive phases of an annual cycle in carp catla catla.	the present study aimed to evaluate antioxidant role of melatonin in determining seasonality of ovarian growth in adult carp catla catla. accordingly, an identical regimen of exogenous melatonin administration (100 μg/100 g body weight per day for 15 days) was followed during the preparatory, prespawning, and spawning phases of an annual reproductive cycle. the study did not include postspawning phase, when the ovaries were completely regressed and devoid of any healthy growing follicles. the ov ...	2017	27743691
zebrafish stat6 negatively regulates ifnφ1 production by attenuating the kinase activity of tank-binding kinase 1.	the aquatic spring viremia of carp virus (svcv) causes significant mortality in common carp (cyprinus carpio), and tbk1 plays a crucial role in the retinoic acid-inducible gene i (rig-i)-like receptor (rlr) system by phosphorylating its substrates to induce type i interferons (ifns) and cellular antiviral responses. in this study, we report that zebrafish stat6 is induced during svcv infection and reduces ifnφ1 expression by suppressing tbk1 phosphorylation. a typical ifn stimulatory response el ...	2017	27743998
preliminary study on the relationship between dexamethasone and pathogen susceptibility on crucian carp (carassius auratus).	dexamethasone, a known immunosuppressant, can inhibit the immune response and increase the amount of pathogen in body, but the role of dexamethasone affecting susceptibility of crucian carp (carassius auratus) to pathogen is unclear. the effects of dexamethasone on susceptibility of crucian carp to aeromonas hydrophila were investigated in this study. the fish were divided into four groups randomly and injected intraperitoneally by dexamethasone for 0 day (group d), 3 days (group c), 6 days (gro ...	2016	27744057
toxicological hazard induced by sucralose to environmentally relevant concentrations in common carp (cyprinus carpio).	sucralose (suc) is an artificial sweetener that is now widely used in north american and europe; it has been detected in a wide variety of aquatic environments. it is considered safe for human consumption but its effects in the ecosystem have not yet been studied in depth, since limited ecotoxicological data are available in the peer-reviewed literature. this study aimed to evaluate potential suc-induced toxicological hazard in the blood, brain, gill, liver and muscle of cyprinus carpio using ox ...	2017	27744200
telemetry-determined habitat use informs multi-species habitat management in an urban harbour.	widespread human development has led to impairment of freshwater coastal wetlands and embayments, which provide critical and unique habitat for many freshwater fish species. this is particularly evident in the laurentian great lakes, where such habitats have been severely altered over the last century as a result of industrial activities, urbanization, dredging and infilling. in toronto harbour, extensive restoration efforts have been directed towards improving the amount and quality of aquatic ...	2017	27744518
the natural armors of fish: a comparison of the lamination pattern and structure of scales.	fish scales exhibit a unique balance of flexibility, strength and toughness, which is essential to provide protection without encumbering locomotion. although the mechanical behavior and structure of this natural armor are of recent interest, a comparison of these qualities from scales of different fish species has not been reported. in this investigation the armor of fish with different locomotion, size and protection needs were analyzed. scales from the arapaima gigas, the tarpon (megalops atl ...	2016	27745845
dietary phytoimmunostimulant persian hogweed (heracleum persicum) has more remarkable impacts on skin mucus than on serum in common carp (cyprinus carpio).	immunostimulation through the use of sustainable and eco-friendly dietary additives is one of the current prophylactic strategies in fish husbandry. plant-based immunostimulants are highly considered for this intent, both for their scientific and practical advantages. persian hogweed (heracleum persicum) is a flower-bearing herb that possesses interesting pharmacological importance due to its bioactive compounds. it is commonly used as spice, food additive, dietary supplement and traditional rem ...	2016	27751916
protective effects of calcium on cadmium accumulation in co-cultured silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and triangle sail mussel (hyriopsis cumingii).	discovering cost effective strategies to reduce cadmium (cd) uptake is of great concern for consumer food safety in the aquaculture industry. this study investigated the protective effects of calcium (ca) on cd uptake in co-cultured silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and triangle sail mussel (hyriopsis cumingii). the results show that ca-depending on its applied concentration-caused a significant decrease in the cd uptake into muscle (by 48 %-72 %), gills (by 51 %-57 %), liver (by 52 %-81 ...	2016	27761596
comparative assessment of physico-chemical characteristics and fibril formation capacity of thermostable carp scales collagen.	collagen and collagen fibers have been widely documented as a potential and competitive biomaterial for medical applications. however, the searches for safe and realistic new collagen sources are still underway. currently, fishery by-products (scales), a promising collagen source are usually discarded. in the present study, in vitro fibril-forming ability of the extracted fish scale collagen is reported. the aim of the investigation was to evaluate the concomitant comparison of fibril-forming ab ...	2017	27770898
detection of orf6 protein associated with latent khv infection.	koi herpesvirus (khv) is highly pathogenic to cyprinus carpio. khv can also become latent in recovered fish and reactivate from latency under stressful conditions. understanding khv latency is important for development of strategies against herpesvirus latent infection. our previous studies found khv orf6 mrna is detectable during latent infection. in this study, orf6 protein expression was investigated by a polyclonal antibody specific to orf6 peptide. positive staining by an immunofluorescence ...	2017	27771562
kinetics of deposition, acute toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper in some freshwater organisms.	experiments with environmentally relevant concentrations of cu in glass aquaria revealed that cu was quickly removed from water. cubic regression of cu concentration against time showed that maximum rate of removal was around 69.34-72.11 h irrespective of treatment. the 96 h lc50 value of cu was respectively 0.18, 0.19 and 0.35 mg/l for fish cyprinus carpio, crustacean diaptomus forbesi and worm branchiura sowerbyi. normalizing the lethal values and plotting them against time it was observed tha ...	2016	27778046
nanocerium oxide increases the survival of adult rod and cone photoreceptor in culture by abrogating hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress.	in vitro cell culture system for adult rod and cone photoreceptor (pr) is an effective and economical model for screening drug candidates against all kinds of age related retinal blindness. interestingly, adult pr cells have a limited survival in the culture system, thus preventing full exploitation of this in vitro approach for drug screening applications. the limited survival of the adult pr cells in culture is due to their inherently high oxidative stress and photic injury. mixed valence-stat ...	2016	27782496
pre-acclimation to low ammonia improves ammonia handling in common carp (cyprinus carpio) when exposed subsequently to high environmental ammonia.	we tested whether exposing fish to low ammonia concentrations induced acclimation processes and helped fish to tolerate subsequent (sub)lethal ammonia exposure by activating ammonia excretory pathways. common carp (cyprinus carpio) were pre-exposed to 0.27mm ammonia (∼10% 96h lc50) for 3, 7 and 14days. thereafter, each of these pre-exposed and parallel naïve groups were exposed to 1.35mm high environmental ammonia (hea, ∼50% 96h lc50) for 12h and 48h to assess the occurrence of ammonia acclimati ...	2016	27788451
complexity of gap junctions between horizontal cells of the carp retina.	in the vertebrate retina, horizontal cells (hcs) reveal homologous coupling by gap junctions (gj), which are thought to consist of different connexins (cx). however, recent studies in mouse, rabbit and zebrafish retina indicate that individual hcs express more than one connexin. to provide further insights into the composition of gj connecting hcs and to determine whether hcs express multiple connexins, we examined the molecular identity and distribution of gj between hcs of the carp retina. we ...	2017	27793781
plant polysaccharides used as immunostimulants enhance innate immune response and disease resistance against aeromonas hydrophila infection in fish.	plant polysaccharides (pps) are an important medicinal plant product, and play a major role in preventing and controlling infectious microbes in aquaculture. the present study investigated the effect of three pps; ficus carica polysaccharides (fcps), radix isatidis polysaccharides (rips), and schisandra chinensis polysaccharides (scps), used as feed additives, on innate immune responses and disease resistance against aeromonas hydrophila in crucian carp. results show that crucian carp fed with t ...	2016	27794459
a light-colored region of caudal fin: a niche of melanocyte progenitors in crucian carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	melanocyte stem cells are a population of immature cells which sustain the self-renewal and replenish the differentiated melanocytes. in this research, a light-colored region (lcr) is observed at the heel of caudal fin in juvenile crucian carp. by cutting off the caudal fin, the operated caudal fin can regenerate in accordance with the original pigment pattern from the retained lcr. as markers of stem cells, oct4 and sox2 have been found to be highly expressed in the lcr as well as mitfa, a labe ...	2017	27797132
antioxidant balance and accumulation of advanced glycation end products after the consumption of standard diets including maillard reaction products from silver carp peptides.	the aim of this research was to investigate the accumulation and excretion of ages including fluorescent compounds and n-ε-carboxymethyllysine (cml) in streptozotocin-induced diabetes c57bl/6j mice fed on a diet containing maillard reaction products (mrps) from a silver carp peptide-glucose model system at different heating temperatures for the first time, and analyze the relationship between their in vitro antioxidant activity based on dpph and orac assays and in vivo oxidative stress. the in v ...	2016	27805212
effects of ndrg1 family proteins on photoreceptor outer segment morphology in zebrafish.	rods and cones are functionally and morphologically distinct. we previously identified n-myc downstream-regulated gene 1b (ndrg1b) in carp as a cone-specific gene. here, we show that ndrg1b and its paralog, ndrg1a-1, contribute to photoreceptor outer segment (os) formation in zebrafish. in adult zebrafish photoreceptors, ndrg1a-1 was localized in the entire cone plasma membranes, and also in rod plasma membranes except its os. ndrg1b was expressed specifically in cones in the entire plasma membr ...	2016	27811999
poly i:c facilitates the phosphorylation of ctenopharyngodon idellus type i ifn receptor subunits and jak kinase.	members of the janus kinase (jak) family, jak1 and tyk2 take part in jak-stat signaling pathway mediated by interferon in mammalian cells. similar to the mammalian counterparts, fish jak1 and tyk2 also perform their potential biological activities by phosphorylating cytokine receptors and stat. in the present study, ctenopharyngodon idellus jak1 (cijak1) and tyk2 (cityk2) were cloned and identified. the full-length cdna of cijak1 (kt724352.1) is 3829 bp, with an open reading frame (orf) of 3465 ...	2017	27815207
zebrafish foxo3b negatively regulates antiviral response through suppressing the transactivity of irf3 and irf7.	forkhead box o (foxo)3, a member of the foxo family of transcription factors, plays key roles in various cellular processes, including development, longevity, reproduction, and metabolism. recently, foxo3 has also been shown to be involved in modulating the immune response. however, how foxo3 regulates immunity and the underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown. in this study, we show that zebrafish (danio rerio) foxo3b, an ortholog of mammalian foxo3, is induced by polyinosinic-polycytidyl ...	2016	27815423
quantitative trait loci for morphometric traits in multiple families of common carp (cyprinus carpio).	quantitative trait locus (qtl) mapping is frequently used to understand the genetic architecture of quantitative traits. herein, we performed a genome scan for qtl affecting the morphometric characters in eight full-sib families containing 522 individuals using different statistical methods (sib-pair and half-sib model). a total of 194 qtls were detected in 25 different regions on 10 linkage groups (lgs). among them, 37 qtls on five lgs (eight, 13, 24, 40 and 45) were significant (5% genome-wide ...	2017	27826895
edwardsiella tarda ompa encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles shows superior protection over inactivated whole cell vaccine in orally vaccinated fringed-lipped peninsula carp (labeo fimbriatus).	the use of oral vaccination in finfish has lagged behind injectable vaccines for a long time as oral vaccines fall short of injection vaccines in conferring protective immunity. biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles (nps) have shown potential to serve as antigen delivery systems for oral vaccines. in this study the recombinant outer membrane protein a (rompa) of edwardsiella tarda was encapsulated in chitosan nps (np-rompa) and used for oral vaccination of labeo fimbriatus. the rompa purity was ...	2016	27827990
the evolution, structure and function of the ray finned fish (actinopterygii) glucocorticoid receptors.	basal ray-finned fish (actinopterygii) possess a single glucocorticoid receptor (gr) and when compared to the lobe-finned vertebrate (sarcopterygii) gr possess nine additional amino acids between the zinc-finger of the dna binding domain. a whole genome duplication event which occurred between 320 and 350mya in the teleost lineage following the split from the basal ray-finned fish resulted in 2 grs: one gr group, gr1, has retained the 9 amino acids insert whereas the other group, gr2, has not. t ...	2016	27838382
molecular cloning and characterization of lrtlr4, analysis of its inductive expression and associated down-stream signaling molecules following lipopolysaccharide stimulation and gram-negative bacterial infection.	toll-like receptors (tlrs) play key roles in innate immunity from lower to higher vertebrates. among various tlr types, tlr4 was reported to recognize lps in higher vertebrates resulting in the activation of down-stream signaling pathway. except in some teleosts, function of tlr4 in most fish species including rohu (labeo rohita) a commercially important fish species in the south-east asian countries remained unknown. to investigate it, full-length cdna of labeo rohita tlr4 (lrtlr4) was cloned, ...	2017	27838566
effect of t-2 toxin-contaminated diet on common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	the t-2 toxin, a fungal metabolite produced by fusarium molds, occurs in a range of agriculture products. reduced availability of fish meal has led to increasing use of cereals as a source of protein in commercial aquaculture feeds, which has increased the potential for mycotoxin contamination. the purpose of this study was to investigate toxicity of t-2 toxin intake in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) using haematological, biochemical and immunological parameters and oxidative stress indices. i ...	2017	27840172
description and experimental transmission of tetracapsuloides vermiformis n. sp. (cnidaria: myxozoa) and guidelines for describing malacosporean species including reinstatement of buddenbrockia bryozoides n. comb. (syn. tetracapsula bryozoides).	this paper provides the first detailed description of a tetracapsuloides species, tetracapsuloides vermiformis n. sp., with vermiform stages in the bryozoan host, fredericella sultana, and its experimental transmission from f. sultana to cyprinus carpio. the suitability of morphological, biological and 18s rdna sequence data for discrimination between malacosporean species is reviewed and recommendations are given for future descriptions. presently, malacosporean species cannot be differentiated ...	2017	27842616
molecular characterization of myxobolus cuttacki (myxozoa, myxosporea, bivalvulida) infecting gill lamellae of minor carp labeo bata (ham.).	as new pathogenic strains are emerging and threatening aquaculture development, myxosporeans (myxozoa) are receiving much attention in recent years. myxosporean taxonomy is traditionally based on morphology of the myxospore stage. molecular data on indian myxosporeans are rare. in this report, the 18s rrna gene sequence of myxobolus cuttacki infecting gill lamellae of minor carp labeo bata (ham.) and its phylogenetic relationship with other myxobolids are described for the first time. the plasmo ...	2014	27843987
molecular phylogeny of myxobolus orissae (myxosporea: myxobolidae) infecting the gill lamellae of mrigal carp cirrhinus mrigala (actinopterygii: cyprinidae).	myxosporeans are best known for the diseases they cause in commercially important fish species. identification of myxosporeans at the species-level is mainly based on conventional methods. the 18s rrna gene sequence of morphologically identified myxobolus orissae infecting the gill lamellae of mrigal carp cirrhinus mrigala was characterized in the present study. the plasmodia of m.orissae were small, elongated and white to pale in colour. phylogenetically, the 18s rdna nucleotide sequence of m.o ...	2015	27843992