Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| probing formation of cargo/importin-α transport complexes in plant cells using a pathogen effector. | importin-αs are essential adapter proteins that recruit cytoplasmic proteins destined for active nuclear import to the nuclear transport machinery. cargo proteins interact with the importin-α armadillo repeat domain via nuclear localization sequences (nlss), short amino acids motifs enriched in lys and arg residues. plant genomes typically encode several importin-α paralogs that can have both specific and partially redundant functions. although some cargos are preferentially imported by a distin ... | 2014 | 25284001 |
| probing formation of cargo/importin-α transport complexes in plant cells using a pathogen effector. | importin-αs are essential adapter proteins that recruit cytoplasmic proteins destined for active nuclear import to the nuclear transport machinery. cargo proteins interact with the importin-α armadillo repeat domain via nuclear localization sequences (nlss), short amino acids motifs enriched in lys and arg residues. plant genomes typically encode several importin-α paralogs that can have both specific and partially redundant functions. although some cargos are preferentially imported by a distin ... | 2014 | 25284001 |
| theobroxide treatment inhibits wild fire disease occurrence in nicotiana benthamiana by the overexpression of defense-related genes. | theobroxide, a novel compound isolated from a fungus lasiodiplodia theobromae, stimulates potato tuber formation and induces flowering of morning glory by initiating the jasmonic acid synthesis pathway. to elucidate the effect of theobroxide on pathogen resistance in plants, nicotiana benthamiana plants treated with theobroxide were immediately infiltrated with pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci. exogenous application of theobroxide inhibited development of lesion symptoms, and growth of the bacter ... | 2013 | 25288936 |
| determinants of plant growth-promoting ochrobactrum lupini kudc1013 involved in induction of systemic resistance against pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum in tobacco leaves. | the plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium ochrobactrum lupini kudc1013 elicited induced systemic resistance (isr) in tobacco against soft rot disease caused by pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum. we investigated of its factors involved in isr elicitation. to characterize the isr determinants, kudc1013 cell suspension, heat-treated cells, supernatant from a culture medium, crude bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) and flagella were tested for their isr activities. both lps and flagella ... | 2013 | 25288944 |
| modulation of quorum sensing in acylhomoserine lactone-producing or -degrading tobacco plants leads to alteration of induced systemic resistance elicited by the rhizobacterium serratia marcescens 90-166. | numerous root-associated bacteria (rhizobacteria) are known to elicit induced systemic resistance (isr) in plants. bacterial cell-density-dependent quorum sensing (qs) is thought to be important for isr. here, we investigated the role of qs in the isr elicited by the rhizobacterium, serratia marcescens strain 90-166, in tobacco. since s. marcescens 90-166 produces at least three qs signals, qs-mediated isr in strain 90-166 has been difficult to understand. therefore, we investigated the isr capa ... | 2013 | 25288945 |
| induction of systemic resistance against cucumber mosaic virus in arabidopsis thaliana by trichoderma asperellum skt-1. | trichoderma asperellum skt-1 is a microbial pesticide that is very effective against various diseases. our study was undertaken to evaluate t. asperellum skt-1 for induction of resistance against yellow strain of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv-y) in arabidopsis plants. disease severity was rated at 2 weeks post inoculation (wpi). cmv titre in arabidopsis leaves was determined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) at 2 wpi. our results demonstrated that among all arabidopsis plants tr ... | 2013 | 25288946 |
| transcriptome analysis of induced systemic drought tolerance elicited by pseudomonas chlororaphis o6 in arabidopsis thaliana. | root colonization by pseudomonas chlororaphis o6 induces systemic drought tolerance in arabidopsis thaliana. microarray analysis was performed using the 22,800-gene affymetrix genechips to identify differentially-expressed genes from plants colonized with or without p. chlororaphis o6 under drought stressed conditions or normal growth conditions. root colonization in plants grown under regular irrigation condition increased transcript accumulation from genes associated with defense, response to ... | 2013 | 25288948 |
| systemic induction of the small antibacterial compound in the leaf exudate during benzothiadiazole-elicited systemic acquired resistance in pepper. | plants protect themselves from diverse potential pathogens by induction of the immune systems such as systemic acquired resistance (sar). most bacterial plant pathogens thrive in the intercellular space (apoplast) of plant tissues and cause symptoms. the apoplastic leaf exudate (le) is believed to contain nutrients to provide food resource for phytopathogenic bacteria to survive and to bring harmful phytocompounds to protect plants against bacterial pathogens. in this study, we employed the pepp ... | 2013 | 25288963 |
| hydrogen peroxide- and nitric oxide-mediated disease control of bacterial wilt in tomato plants. | reactive oxygen species (ros) generation in tomato plants by ralstonia solanacearum infection and the role of hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) and nitric oxide in tomato bacterial wilt control were demonstrated. during disease development of tomato bacterial wilt, accumulation of superoxide anion (o2 (-)) and h2o2 was observed and lipid peroxidation also occurred in the tomato leaf tissues. high doses of h2o2and sodium nitroprusside (snp) nitric oxide donor showed phytotoxicity to detached tomato leaves ... | 2013 | 25288967 |
| histone acetylation in fungal pathogens of plants. | acetylation of histone lysine residues occurs in different organisms ranging from yeast to plants and mammals for the regulation of diverse cellular processes. with the identification of enzymes that create or reverse this modification, our understanding on histone acetylation has expanded at an amazing pace during the last two decades. in fungal pathogens of plants, however, the importance of such modification has only just begun to be appreciated in the recent years and there is a dearth of in ... | 2014 | 25288980 |
| molecular characteristics of pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae strains isolated in korea and a multiplex pcr assay for haplotype differentiation. | the molecular features of pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae strains isolated in korea were compared with strains isolated in japan and italy. sequencing of eight p. syringae pv. actinidiae and three p. syringae pv. theae strains revealed a total of 44 single nucleotide polymorphisms across 4,818 bp of the concatenated alignment of nine genes. a multiplex pcr assay was developed for the detection of p. syringae pv. actinidiae and for the specific detection of recent haplotype strains other than ... | 2014 | 25288991 |
| development of a model to predict the primary infection date of bacterial spot (xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria) on hot pepper. | a population model of bacterial spot caused by xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria on hot pepper was developed to predict the primary disease infection date. the model estimated the pathogen population on the surface and within the leaf of the host based on the wetness period and temperature. for successful infection, at least 5,000 cells/ml of the bacterial population were required. also, wind and rain were necessary according to regression analyses of the monitored data. bacterial spot on t ... | 2014 | 25288995 |
| an acidic pathogenesis-related1 gene of oryza grandiglumis is involved in disease resistance response against bacterial infection. | wild rice, oryza grandiglumis shows hyper-resistance response to pathogen infection. in order to identify genes necessary for defense response in plants, we have carried out a subtractive hybridization coupled with a cdna macroarray. an acidic pathogenesis-related1 (pr1) gene of the wild rice is highly identical to the acidic pr1 genes of different plant species. the ogpr1a cdna has an apparent single open reading frame with a predicted molecular mass 40,621 da and an isoelectic point of 5.14. b ... | 2014 | 25289005 |
| antimicrobial effects of a hexapetide kcm21 against pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato dc3000 and clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. | antimicrobial peptides (amps) are small but effective cationic peptides with variable length. in previous study, four hexapeptides were identified that showed antimicrobial activities against various phytopathogenic bacteria. kcm21, the most effective antimicrobial peptide, was selected for further analysis to understand its modes of action by monitoring inhibitory effects of various cations, time-dependent antimicrobial kinetics, and observing cell disruption by electron microscopy. the effects ... | 2014 | 25289010 |
| altered cultivar resistance of kimchi cabbage seedlings mediated by salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and ethylene. | two cultivars buram-3-ho (susceptible) and cr-hagwang (moderate resistant) of kimchi cabbage seedlings showed differential defense responses to anthracnose (colletotrichum higginsianum), black spot (alternaria brassicicola) and black rot (xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, xcc) diseases in our previous study. defense-related hormones salicylic acid (sa), jasmonic acid (ja) and ethylene led to different transcriptional regulation of pathogenesis-related (pr) gene expression in both cultivars. ... | 2014 | 25289020 |
| activation tagging of athb13 in arabidopsis thaliana confers broad-spectrum disease resistance. | powdery mildew species oidium neolycopersici (on) can cause serious yield losses in tomato production worldwide. besides on tomato, on is able to grow and reproduce on arabidopsis. in this study we screened a collection of activation-tagged arabidopsis mutants and identified one mutant, 3221, which displayed resistance to on, and in addition showed a reduced stature and serrated leaves. additional disease tests demonstrated that the 3221 mutant exhibited resistance to downy mildew (hyaloperonosp ... | 2014 | 25293871 |
| membrane bioprocesses for pharmaceutical micropollutant removal from waters. | the purpose of this review work is to give an overview of the research reported on bioprocesses for the treatment of domestic or industrial wastewaters (ww) containing pharmaceuticals. conventional ww treatment technologies are not efficient enough to completely remove all pharmaceuticals from water. indeed, these compounds are becoming an actual public health problem, because they are more and more present in underground and even in potable waters. different types of bioprocesses are described ... | 2014 | 25295629 |
| proline isomerization of the immune receptor-interacting protein rin4 by a cyclophilin inhibits effector-triggered immunity in arabidopsis. | in the absence of pathogen infection, plant effector-triggered immune (eti) receptors are maintained in a preactivation state by intermolecular interactions with other host proteins. pathogen effector-induced alterations activate the receptor. in arabidopsis, the eti receptor rpm1 is activated via bacterial effector avrb-induced phosphorylation of the rpm1-interacting protein rin4 at threonine 166. we find that rin4 also interacts with the prolyl-peptidyl isomerase (ppiase) roc1, which is reduce ... | 2014 | 25299333 |
| draft genome sequence of antagonistic agent lysobacter antibioticus 13-6. | lysobacter antibioticus 13-6, isolated from the roots of chinese cabbage, effectively controls the pathogens plasmodiophora brassicae, xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola, x. oryzae pv. oryzae, xanthomonas axonopodis pv. dieffenbachiae, and pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci. we report the first draft genome sequence of the l. antibioticus species in china. | 2014 | 25301638 |
| cotton wrky1 mediates the plant defense-to-development transition during infection of cotton by verticillium dahliae by activating jasmonate zim-domain1 expression. | plants have evolved an elaborate signaling network to ensure an appropriate level of immune response to meet the differing demands of developmental processes. previous research has demonstrated that della proteins physically interact with jasmonate zim-domain1 (jaz1) and dynamically regulate the interaction of the gibberellin (ga) and jasmonate (ja) signaling pathways. however, whether and how the jaz1-della regulatory node is regulated at the transcriptional level in plants under normal growth ... | 2014 | 25301887 |
| increased resistance to biotrophic pathogens in the arabidopsis constitutive induced resistance 1 mutant is eds1 and pad4-dependent and modulated by environmental temperature. | the arabidopsis constitutive induced resistance 1 (cir1) mutant displays salicylic acid (sa)-dependent constitutive expression of defence genes and enhanced resistance to biotrophic pathogens. to further characterise the role of cir1 in plant immunity we conducted epistasis analyses with two key components of the sa-signalling branch of the defence network, enhanced disease susceptibility1 (eds1) and phytoalexin deficient4 (pad4). we demonstrate that the constitutive defence phenotypes of cir1 r ... | 2014 | 25303634 |
| coevolution of the atpase clpv, the sheath proteins tssb and tssc, and the accessory protein tagj/hsie1 distinguishes type vi secretion classes. | the type vi secretion system (t6ss) is a bacterial nanomachine for the transport of effector molecules into prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. it involves the assembly of a tubular structure composed of tssb and tssc that is similar to the tail sheath of bacteriophages. the sheath contracts to provide the energy needed for effector delivery. the aaa(+) atpase clpv disassembles the contracted sheath, which resets the systems for reassembly of an extended sheath that is ready to fire again. this me ... | 2014 | 25305017 |
| trna modification enzymes gida and mnme: potential role in virulence of bacterial pathogens. | transfer rna (trna) is an rna molecule that carries amino acids to the ribosomes for protein synthesis. these trnas function at the peptidyl (p) and aminoacyl (a) binding sites of the ribosome during translation, with each codon being recognized by a specific trna. due to this specificity, trna modification is essential for translational efficiency. many enzymes have been implicated in the modification of bacterial trnas, and these enzymes may complex with one another or interact individually wi ... | 2014 | 25310651 |
| plant-adapted escherichia coli show increased lettuce colonizing ability, resistance to oxidative stress and chemotactic response. | escherichia coli is a widespread gut commensal and often a versatile pathogen of public health concern. e. coli are also frequently found in different environments and/or alternative secondary hosts, such as plant tissues. the lifestyle of e. coli in plants is poorly understood and has potential implications for food safety. | 2014 | 25313845 |
| salicylic acid regulates arabidopsis microbial pattern receptor kinase levels and signaling. | in arabidopsis thaliana, responses to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps) are mediated by cell surface pattern recognition receptors (prrs) and include the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, callose deposition in the cell wall, and the generation of the signal molecule salicylic acid (sa). sa acts in a positive feedback loop with accelerated cell death6 (acd6), a membrane protein that contributes to immunity. this work shows that prrs associate with and are part of the acd6/sa f ... | 2014 | 25315322 |
| a stress-responsive nac1-regulated protein phosphatase gene rice protein phosphatase18 modulates drought and oxidative stress tolerance through abscisic acid-independent reactive oxygen species scavenging in rice. | plants respond to abiotic stresses through a complexity of signaling pathways, and the dephosphorylation mediated by protein phosphatase (pp) is an important event in this process. we identified a rice (oryza sativa) pp2c gene, ospp18, as a stress-responsive nac1 (snac1)-regulated downstream gene. the ospp18 mutant was more sensitive than wild-type plants to drought stress at both the seedling and panicle development stages. rice plants with ospp18 suppressed through artificial microrna were als ... | 2014 | 25318938 |
| infection of ustilaginoidea virens intercepts rice seed formation but activates grain-filling-related genes. | rice false smut has become an increasingly serious disease in rice (oryza sativa l.) production worldwide. the typical feature of this disease is that the fungal pathogen ustilaginoidea virens (uv) specifically infects rice flower and forms false smut ball, the ustiloxin-containing ball-like fungal colony, of which the size is usually several times larger than that of a mature rice seed. however, the underlying mechanisms of uv-rice interaction are poorly understood. here, we applied time-course ... | 2015 | 25319482 |
| the ubiquitination machinery of the ubiquitin system. | the protein ubiquitin is a covalent modifier of proteins, including itself. the ubiquitin system encompasses the enzymes required for catalysing attachment of ubiquitin to substrates as well as proteins that bind to ubiquitinated proteins leading them to their final fate. also included are activities that remove ubiquitin independent of, or in concert with, proteolysis of the substrate, either by the proteasome or proteases in the vacuole. in addition to ubiquitin encoded by a family of fusion p ... | 2014 | 25320573 |
| construction and comparison of gene co-expression networks shows complex plant immune responses. | gene co-expression networks (gcns) are graphic representations that depict the coordinated transcription of genes in response to certain stimuli. gcns provide functional annotations of genes whose function is unknown and are further used in studies of translational functional genomics among species. in this work, a methodology for the reconstruction and comparison of gcns is presented. this approach was applied using gene expression data that were obtained from immunity experiments in arabidopsi ... | 2014 | 25320678 |
| transcriptomic analysis reveals tomato genes whose expression is induced specifically during effector-triggered immunity and identifies the epk1 protein kinase which is required for the host response to three bacterial effector proteins. | plants have two related immune systems to defend themselves against pathogen attack. initially,pattern-triggered immunity is activated upon recognition of microbe-associated molecular patterns by pattern recognition receptors. pathogenic bacteria deliver effector proteins into the plant cell that interfere with this immune response and promote disease. however, some plants express resistance proteins that detect the presence of specific effectors leading to a robust defense response referred to ... | 2014 | 25323444 |
| α,β-dehydroamino acids in naturally occurring peptides. | α,β-dehydroamino acids are naturally occurring non-coded amino acids, found primarily in peptides. the review focuses on the type of α,β-dehydroamino acids, the structure of dehydropeptides, the source of their origin and bioactivity. dehydropeptides are isolated primarily from bacteria and less often from fungi, marine invertebrates or even higher plants. they reveal mainly antibiotic, antifungal, antitumour, and phytotoxic activity. more than 60 different structures were classified, which ofte ... | 2015 | 25323736 |
| α,β-dehydroamino acids in naturally occurring peptides. | α,β-dehydroamino acids are naturally occurring non-coded amino acids, found primarily in peptides. the review focuses on the type of α,β-dehydroamino acids, the structure of dehydropeptides, the source of their origin and bioactivity. dehydropeptides are isolated primarily from bacteria and less often from fungi, marine invertebrates or even higher plants. they reveal mainly antibiotic, antifungal, antitumour, and phytotoxic activity. more than 60 different structures were classified, which ofte ... | 2015 | 25323736 |
| priming of plant resistance by natural compounds. hexanoic acid as a model. | some alternative control strategies of currently emerging plant diseases are based on the use of resistance inducers. this review highlights the recent advances made in the characterization of natural compounds that induce resistance by a priming mechanism. these include vitamins, chitosans, oligogalacturonides, volatile organic compounds, azelaic and pipecolic acid, among others. overall, other than providing novel disease control strategies that meet environmental regulations, natural priming ... | 2014 | 25324848 |
| cell wall o-glycoproteins and n-glycoproteins: aspects of biosynthesis and function. | cell wall o-glycoproteins and n-glycoproteins are two types of glycomolecules whose glycans are structurally complex. they are both assembled and modified within the endomembrane system, i.e., the endoplasmic reticulum (er) and the golgi apparatus, before their transport to their final locations within or outside the cell. in contrast to extensins (exts), the o-glycan chains of arabinogalactan proteins (agps) are highly heterogeneous consisting mostly of (i) a short oligo-arabinoside chain of th ... | 2014 | 25324850 |
| siderophore-mediated iron acquisition influences motility and is required for full virulence of the xylem-dwelling bacterial phytopathogen pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii. | iron is a key micronutrient for microbial growth but is often present in low concentrations or in biologically unavailable forms. many microorganisms overcome this challenge by producing siderophores, which are ferric-iron chelating compounds that enable the solubilization and acquisition of iron in a bioactive form. pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii, the causal agent of stewart's wilt of sweet corn, produces a siderophore under iron-limiting conditions. the proteins involved in the biosynthesi ... | 2014 | 25326304 |
| siderophore-mediated iron acquisition influences motility and is required for full virulence of the xylem-dwelling bacterial phytopathogen pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii. | iron is a key micronutrient for microbial growth but is often present in low concentrations or in biologically unavailable forms. many microorganisms overcome this challenge by producing siderophores, which are ferric-iron chelating compounds that enable the solubilization and acquisition of iron in a bioactive form. pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii, the causal agent of stewart's wilt of sweet corn, produces a siderophore under iron-limiting conditions. the proteins involved in the biosynthesi ... | 2014 | 25326304 |
| novel cyclic di-gmp effectors of the yajq protein family control bacterial virulence. | bis-(3',5') cyclic di-guanylate (cyclic di-gmp) is a key bacterial second messenger that is implicated in the regulation of many critical processes that include motility, biofilm formation and virulence. cyclic di-gmp influences diverse functions through interaction with a range of effectors. our knowledge of these effectors and their different regulatory actions is far from complete, however. here we have used an affinity pull-down assay using cyclic di-gmp-coupled magnetic beads to identify cy ... | 2014 | 25329577 |
| expression profiling during arabidopsis/downy mildew interaction reveals a highly-expressed effector that attenuates responses to salicylic acid. | plants have evolved strong innate immunity mechanisms, but successful pathogens evade or suppress plant immunity via effectors delivered into the plant cell. hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (hpa) causes downy mildew on arabidopsis thaliana, and a genome sequence is available for isolate emoy2. here, we exploit the availability of genome sequences for hpa and arabidopsis to measure gene-expression changes in both hpa and arabidopsis simultaneously during infection. using a high-throughput cdna tag ... | 2014 | 25329884 |
| insect eggs induce a systemic acquired resistance in arabidopsis. | although they constitute an inert stage of the insect's life, eggs trigger plant defences that lead to egg mortality or attraction of egg parasitoids. we recently found that salicylic acid (sa) accumulates in response to oviposition by the large white butterfly pieris brassicae, both in local and systemic leaves, and that plants activate a response that is similar to the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps), which are involved in pamp-triggered immunity (pti). here we di ... | 2014 | 25329965 |
| micrornas suppress nb domain genes in tomato that confer resistance to fusarium oxysporum. | micrornas (mirnas) suppress the transcriptional and post-transcriptional expression of genes in plants. several mirna families target genes encoding nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (nb-lrr) plant innate immune receptors. the fungus fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici causes vascular wilt disease in tomato. we explored a role for mirnas in tomato defense against f. oxysporum using comparative mirna profiling of susceptible (moneymaker) and resistant (motelle) tomato cultivars. slmir ... | 2014 | 25330340 |
| bacteria-triggered systemic immunity in barley is associated with wrky and ethylene responsive factors but not with salicylic acid. | leaf-to-leaf systemic immune signaling known as systemic acquired resistance is poorly understood in monocotyledonous plants. here, we characterize systemic immunity in barley (hordeum vulgare) triggered after primary leaf infection with either pseudomonas syringae pathovar japonica (psj) or xanthomonas translucens pathovar cerealis (xtc). both pathogens induced resistance in systemic, uninfected leaves against a subsequent challenge infection with xtc. in contrast to systemic acquired resistanc ... | 2014 | 25332505 |
| pepper pathogenesis-related protein 4c is a plasma membrane-localized cysteine protease inhibitor that is required for plant cell death and defense signaling. | xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (xcv) type iii effector avrbst triggers programmed cell death (pcd) and activates the hypersensitive response (hr) in plants. here, we isolated and identified the plasma membrane localized pathogenesis-related (pr) protein 4c gene (capr4c) from pepper (capsicum annuum) leaves undergoing avrbst-triggered hr cell death. capr4c encodes a protein with a signal peptide and a barwin domain. recombinant capr4c protein expressed in escherichia coli exhibited cystei ... | 2015 | 25335438 |
| paidb v2.0: exploration and analysis of pathogenicity and resistance islands. | pathogenicity is a complex multifactorial process confounded by the concerted activity of genetic regions associated with virulence and/or resistance determinants. pathogenicity islands (pais) and resistance islands (reis) are key to the evolution of pathogens and appear to play complimentary roles in the process of bacterial infection. while pais promote disease development, reis give a fitness advantage to the host against multiple antimicrobial agents. the pathogenicity island database (paidb ... | 2014 | 25336619 |
| paidb v2.0: exploration and analysis of pathogenicity and resistance islands. | pathogenicity is a complex multifactorial process confounded by the concerted activity of genetic regions associated with virulence and/or resistance determinants. pathogenicity islands (pais) and resistance islands (reis) are key to the evolution of pathogens and appear to play complimentary roles in the process of bacterial infection. while pais promote disease development, reis give a fitness advantage to the host against multiple antimicrobial agents. the pathogenicity island database (paidb ... | 2014 | 25336619 |
| sbng, a citrate synthase in staphylococcus aureus: a new fold on an old enzyme. | in response to iron deprivation, staphylococcus aureus produces staphyloferrin b, a citrate-containing siderophore that delivers iron back to the cell. this bacterium also possesses a second citrate synthase, sbng, that is necessary for supplying citrate to the staphyloferrin b biosynthetic pathway. we present the structure of sbng bound to the inhibitor calcium and an active site variant in complex with oxaloacetate. the overall fold of sbng is structurally distinct from tca cycle citrate synth ... | 2014 | 25336653 |
| tomato-pseudomonas syringae interactions under elevated co₂ concentration: the role of stomata. | increasing atmospheric co₂ concentrations ([co₂]) in agricultural and natural ecosystems is known to reduce plant stomatal opening, but it is unclear whether these co₂-induced stomatal alterations are associated with foliar pathogen infections. in this study, tomato plants were grown under ambient and elevated [co₂] and inoculated with pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain dc3000, a strain that is virulent on tomato plants. we found that elevated [co₂] enhanced tomato defence against p. syringa ... | 2014 | 25336683 |
| tomato-pseudomonas syringae interactions under elevated co₂ concentration: the role of stomata. | increasing atmospheric co₂ concentrations ([co₂]) in agricultural and natural ecosystems is known to reduce plant stomatal opening, but it is unclear whether these co₂-induced stomatal alterations are associated with foliar pathogen infections. in this study, tomato plants were grown under ambient and elevated [co₂] and inoculated with pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain dc3000, a strain that is virulent on tomato plants. we found that elevated [co₂] enhanced tomato defence against p. syringa ... | 2014 | 25336683 |
| high-throughput screening of dipeptide utilization mediated by the abc transporter dppbcdf and its substrate-binding proteins dppa1-a5 in pseudomonas aeruginosa. | in this study, we show that the dppbcdf operon of pseudomonas aeruginosa pa14 encodes an abc transporter responsible for the utilization of di/tripeptides. the substrate specificity of abc transporters is determined by its associated substrate-binding proteins (sbps). whereas in e. coli only one protein, dppa, determines the specificity of the transporter, five orthologous sbps, dppa1-a5 are present in p. aeruginosa. multiple sbps might broaden the substrate specificity by increasing the transpo ... | 2014 | 25338022 |
| functional analysis of plant defense suppression and activation by the xanthomonas core type iii effector xopx. | many phytopathogenic type iii secretion effector proteins (t3es) have been shown to target and suppress plant immune signaling but perturbation of the plant immune system by t3es can also elicit a plant response. xopx is a "core" xanthomonas t3e that contributes to growth and symptom development during xanthomonas euvesicatoria infection of tomato but its functional role is undefined. we tested the effect of xopx on several aspects of plant immune signaling. xopx promoted ethylene production and ... | 2015 | 25338145 |
| perturbation of host ubiquitin systems by plant pathogen/pest effector proteins. | microbial pathogens and pests of animals and plants secrete effector proteins into host cells, altering cellular physiology to the benefit of the invading parasite. research in the past decade has delivered significant new insights into the molecular mechanisms of how these effector proteins function, with a particular focus on modulation of host immunity-related pathways. one host system that has emerged as a common target of effectors is the ubiquitination system in which substrate proteins ar ... | 2014 | 25339602 |
| perturbation of host ubiquitin systems by plant pathogen/pest effector proteins. | microbial pathogens and pests of animals and plants secrete effector proteins into host cells, altering cellular physiology to the benefit of the invading parasite. research in the past decade has delivered significant new insights into the molecular mechanisms of how these effector proteins function, with a particular focus on modulation of host immunity-related pathways. one host system that has emerged as a common target of effectors is the ubiquitination system in which substrate proteins ar ... | 2014 | 25339602 |
| the nuclear immune receptor rps4 is required for rrs1slh1-dependent constitutive defense activation in arabidopsis thaliana. | plant nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (nb-lrr) disease resistance (r) proteins recognize specific "avirulent" pathogen effectors and activate immune responses. nb-lrr proteins structurally and functionally resemble mammalian nod-like receptors (nlrs). how nb-lrr and nlr proteins activate defense is poorly understood. the divergently transcribed arabidopsis r genes, rps4 (resistance to pseudomonas syringae 4) and rrs1 (resistance to ralstonia solanacearum 1), function together to confer re ... | 2014 | 25340333 |
| azoarcus sp. cib, an anaerobic biodegrader of aromatic compounds shows an endophytic lifestyle. | endophytic bacteria that have plant growth promoting traits are of great interest in green biotechnology. the previous thought that the azoarcus genus comprises bacteria that fit into one of two major eco-physiological groups, either free-living anaerobic biodegraders of aromatic compounds or obligate endophytes unable to degrade aromatics under anaerobic conditions, is revisited here. | 2014 | 25340341 |
| examination of prokaryotic multipartite genome evolution through experimental genome reduction. | many bacteria carry two or more chromosome-like replicons. this occurs in pathogens such as vibrio cholerea and brucella abortis as well as in many n2-fixing plant symbionts including all isolates of the alfalfa root-nodule bacteria sinorhizobium meliloti. understanding the evolution and role of this multipartite genome organization will provide significant insight into these important organisms; yet this knowledge remains incomplete, in part, because technical challenges of large-scale genome m ... | 2014 | 25340565 |
| the kinase lyk5 is a major chitin receptor in arabidopsis and forms a chitin-induced complex with related kinase cerk1. | chitin is a fungal microbe-associated molecular pattern recognized in arabidopsis by a lysin motif receptor kinase (lyk), atcerk1. previous research suggested that atcerk1 is the major chitin receptor and mediates chitin-induced signaling through homodimerization and phosphorylation. however, the reported chitin binding affinity of atcerk1 is quite low, suggesting another receptor with high chitin binding affinity might be present. here, we propose that atlyk5 is the primary chitin receptor in a ... | 2014 | 25340959 |
| structure and microbial diversity of biofilms on different pipe materials of a model drinking water distribution systems. | the experiment was conducted in three model drinking water distribution systems (dwdss) made of unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (pvc), silane cross-linked polyethylene (pex) and high density polyethylene (hdpe) pipes to which tap water was introduced. after 2 years of system operation, microbial communities in the dwdss were characterized with scanning electron microscopy, heterotrophic plate count, and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. the most extensive biofilms were found in hdpe pipe ... | 2014 | 25342310 |
| structure and microbial diversity of biofilms on different pipe materials of a model drinking water distribution systems. | the experiment was conducted in three model drinking water distribution systems (dwdss) made of unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (pvc), silane cross-linked polyethylene (pex) and high density polyethylene (hdpe) pipes to which tap water was introduced. after 2 years of system operation, microbial communities in the dwdss were characterized with scanning electron microscopy, heterotrophic plate count, and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. the most extensive biofilms were found in hdpe pipe ... | 2014 | 25342310 |
| folic acid induces salicylic acid-dependent immunity in arabidopsis and enhances susceptibility to alternaria brassicicola. | folates are essential for one-carbon transfer reactions in all organisms and contribute, for example, to de novo dna synthesis. here, we detected the folate precursors 7,8-dihydropteroate (dhp) and 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate (adc) in extracts from arabidopsis thaliana plants by fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry. the accumulation of dhp, but not adc, was induced after infection of plants with pseudomonas syringae delivering the effector protein avrrpm1. application of fol ... | 2015 | 25348251 |
| tomato sr/camta transcription factors slsr1 and slsr3l negatively regulate disease resistance response and slsr1l positively modulates drought stress tolerance. | the sr/camta proteins represent a small family of transcription activators that play important roles in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. seven slsr/camta genes were identified in tomato as tomato counterparts of sr/camta; however, the involvement of slsrs/camtas in biotic and abiotic stress responses is not clear. in this study, we performed functional analysis of the slsr/camta family for their possible functions in defense response against pathogens and tolerance to drought stre ... | 2014 | 25348703 |
| predicting genome-scale arabidopsis-pseudomonas syringae interactome using domain and interolog-based approaches. | every year pathogenic organisms cause billions of dollars' worth damage to crops and livestock. in agriculture, study of plant-microbe interactions is demanding a special attention to develop management strategies for the destructive pathogen induced diseases that cause huge crop losses every year worldwide. pseudomonas syringae is a major bacterial leaf pathogen that causes diseases in a wide range of plant species. among its various strains, pathovar tomato strain dc3000 (pstdc3000) is asserte ... | 2014 | 25350354 |
| the tomato cell death suppressor adi3 is restricted to the endosomal system in response to the pseudomonas syringae effector protein avrpto. | the tomato (solanum lycopersicum) agc protein kinase adi3 functions as a suppressor of cell death and was first identified as an interactor with the tomato resistance protein pto and the pseudomonas syringae effector protein avrpto. models predict that loss of adi3 cell death suppression (cds) activity during pto/avrpto interaction leads to the cell death associated with the resistance response initiated from this interaction. nuclear localization is required for adi3 cds. prevention of nuclear ... | 2014 | 25350368 |
| proceedings of the 2014 midsouth computational biology and bioinformatics society (mcbios) conference. | 2014 | 25350879 | |
| a sinorhizobium meliloti-specific n-acyl homoserine lactone quorum-sensing signal increases nodule numbers in medicago truncatula independent of autoregulation. | n-acyl homoserine lactones (ahls) act as quorum sensing signals that regulate cell-density dependent behaviors in many gram-negative bacteria, in particular those important for plant-microbe interactions. ahls can also be recognized by plants, and this may influence their interactions with bacteria. here we tested whether the exposure to ahls affects the nodule-forming symbiosis between legume hosts and rhizobia. we treated roots of the model legume, medicago truncatula, with a range of ahls eit ... | 2014 | 25352858 |
| synthesis and antibacterial activities of yanglingmycin analogues. | the synthesis of yanglingmycin and its enantiomer, along with eighteen yanglingmycin analogues is reported. the structures were confirmed mainly by analyses of nmr spectral data. antibacterial activity assays showed that yanglingmycin and some of its analogues exhibited significant antibacterial activities against two important agricultural pathogenic bacteria, ralstonia solanacearum and pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae, with mic values ranging from 3.91 to 15.62 μg/ml. the antibacterial acti ... | 2014 | 25355464 |
| challenges and advances in the heterologous expression of cellulolytic enzymes: a review. | second generation biofuel development is increasingly reliant on the recombinant expression of cellulases. designing or identifying successful expression systems is thus of preeminent importance to industrial progress in the field. recombinant production of cellulases has been performed using a wide range of expression systems in bacteria, yeasts and plants. in a number of these systems, particularly when using bacteria and plants, significant challenges have been experienced in expressing full- ... | 2014 | 25356086 |
| antimicrobial activity of essential oils of thymus vulgaris and origanum vulgare on phytopathogenic strains isolated from soybean. | the aim of this work was to study the antimicrobial activity of essential oils obtained from thymus vulgaris (thyme) and origanum vulgare (oregano) on phytopathogenic pseudomonas species isolated from soybean. strains with characteristics of p. syringae were isolated from leaves of soybean plants with blight symptoms. ten of these could be identified in group ia of lopat as p. syringae. six of these were confirmed as p. syringae using 16s rrna, indicating the presence of these phytopathogenic ba ... | 2015 | 25359697 |
| genome sequence of the plant endophyte bacillus pumilus inr7, triggering induced systemic resistance in field crops. | bacillus pumilus inr7 is an endophytic bacterium that has been commercialized as a biological control product against soilborne pathogens as well as foliar pathogens by direct antagonism and induction of systemic resistance. in the current study, we provide the genome sequence and a possible explanation of the function of strain inr7. | 2014 | 25359912 |
| the multi-protein family of sulfotransferases in plants: composition, occurrence, substrate specificity, and functions. | all members of the sulfotransferase (sot, ec 2.8.2.-) protein family transfer a sulfuryl group from the donor 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (paps) to an appropriate hydroxyl group of several classes of substrates. the primary structure of these enzymes is characterized by a histidine residue in the active site, defined paps binding sites and a longer sot domain. proteins with this sot domain occur in all organisms from all three domains, usually as a multi-protein family. arabidopsis tha ... | 2014 | 25360143 |
| structure of a diguanylate cyclase from thermotoga maritima: insights into activation, feedback inhibition and thermostability. | large-scale production of bis-3'-5'-cyclic-di-gmp (c-di-gmp) would facilitate biological studies of numerous bacterial signaling pathways and phenotypes controlled by this second messenger molecule, such as virulence and biofilm formation. c-di-gmp constitutes also a potentially interesting molecule as a vaccine adjuvant. even though chemical synthesis of c-di-gmp can be done, the yields are incompatible with mass-production. tdgc, a stand-alone diguanylate cyclase (dgc or ggdef domain) from the ... | 2014 | 25360685 |
| quantitative peptidomics study reveals that a wound-induced peptide from pr-1 regulates immune signaling in tomato. | many important cell-to-cell communication events in multicellular organisms are mediated by peptides, but only a few peptides have been identified in plants. in an attempt to address the difficulties in identifying plant signaling peptides, we developed a novel peptidomics approach and used this approach to discover defense signaling peptides in plants. in addition to the canonical peptide systemin, several novel peptides were confidently identified in tomato (solanum lycopersicum) and quantifie ... | 2014 | 25361956 |
| in vitro activity of glucosinolates and their degradation products against brassica-pathogenic bacteria and fungi. | glucosinolates (gsls) are secondary metabolites found in brassica vegetables that confer on them resistance against pests and diseases. both gsls and glucosinolate hydrolysis products (ghps) have shown positive effects in reducing soil pathogens. information about their in vitro biocide effects is scarce, but previous studies have shown sinigrin gsls and their associated allyl isothiocyanate (aitc) to be soil biocides. the objective of this work was to evaluate the biocide effects of 17 gsls and ... | 2014 | 25362058 |
| in vitro activity of glucosinolates and their degradation products against brassica-pathogenic bacteria and fungi. | glucosinolates (gsls) are secondary metabolites found in brassica vegetables that confer on them resistance against pests and diseases. both gsls and glucosinolate hydrolysis products (ghps) have shown positive effects in reducing soil pathogens. information about their in vitro biocide effects is scarce, but previous studies have shown sinigrin gsls and their associated allyl isothiocyanate (aitc) to be soil biocides. the objective of this work was to evaluate the biocide effects of 17 gsls and ... | 2014 | 25362058 |
| analysis of root proteome unravels differential molecular responses during compatible and incompatible interaction between chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) and fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri race1 (foc1). | vascular wilt caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri race 1 (foc1) is a serious disease of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) accounting for approximately 10-15% annual crop loss. the fungus invades the plant via roots, colonizes the xylem vessels and prevents the upward translocation of water and nutrients, finally resulting in wilting of the entire plant. although comparative transcriptomic profiling have highlighted some important signaling molecules, but proteomic studies involving chickpea-f ... | 2014 | 25363865 |
| loss and retention of resistance genes in five species of the brassicaceae family. | plants have evolved disease resistance (r) genes encoding for nucleotide-binding site (nb) and leucine-rich repeat (lrr) proteins with n-terminals represented by either toll/interleukin-1 receptor (tir) or coiled-coil (cc) domains. here, a genome-wide study of presence and diversification of cc-nb-lrr and tir-nb-lrr encoding genes, and shorter domain combinations in 19 arabidopsis thaliana accessions and arabidopsis lyrata, capsella rubella, brassica rapa and eutrema salsugineum are presented. | 2014 | 25365911 |
| environmental stresses modulate abundance and timing of alternatively spliced circadian transcripts in arabidopsis. | environmental stresses profoundly altered accumulation of nonsense mrnas including intron retaining (ir) transcripts in arabidopsis. temporal patterns of stress-induced ir mrnas were dissected using both oscillating and non-oscillating transcripts. broad range thermal cycles triggered a sharp increase in the long intron retaining cca1 isoforms and altered their phasing to different times of day. both abiotic and biotic stresses such as drought or p. syringae infection induced similar increase. t ... | 2014 | 25366180 |
| compartment-specific importance of glutathione during abiotic and biotic stress. | the tripeptide thiol glutathione (γ-l-glutamyl-l-cysteinyl-glycine) is the most important sulfur containing antioxidant in plants and essential for plant defense against abiotic and biotic stress conditions. it is involved in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ros), redox signaling, the modulation of defense gene expression, and the regulation of enzymatic activities. even though changes in glutathione contents are well documented in plants and its roles in plant defense are well est ... | 2014 | 25368627 |
| draft genome sequence analysis of a pseudomonas putida w15oct28 strain with antagonistic activity to gram-positive and pseudomonas sp. pathogens. | pseudomonas putida is a member of the fluorescent pseudomonads known to produce the yellow-green fluorescent pyoverdine siderophore. p. putida w15oct28, isolated from a stream in brussels, was found to produce compound(s) with antimicrobial activity against the opportunistic pathogens staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the plant pathogen pseudomonas syringae, an unusual characteristic for p. putida. the active compound production only occurred in media with low iron content and w ... | 2014 | 25369289 |
| cotton cytochrome p450 cyp82d regulates systemic cell death by modulating the octadecanoid pathway. | plant oxylipins are derived from unsaturated fatty acids and play roles in plant growth and development as well as defence. although recent studies have revealed that fatty acid metabolism is involved in systemic acquired resistance, the precise function of oxylipins in plant defence remains unknown. here we report a cotton p450 gene silence-induced stem necrosis (ssn), rnai suppression of which causes a lesion mimic phenotype. ssn is also involved in jasmonate metabolism and the response to wou ... | 2014 | 25371113 |
| high-resolution transcript profiling of the atypical biotrophic interaction between theobroma cacao and the fungal pathogen moniliophthora perniciosa. | witches' broom disease (wbd), caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus moniliophthora perniciosa, is one of the most devastating diseases of theobroma cacao, the chocolate tree. in contrast to other hemibiotrophic interactions, the wbd biotrophic stage lasts for months and is responsible for the most distinctive symptoms of the disease, which comprise drastic morphological changes in the infected shoots. here, we used the dual rna-seq approach to simultaneously assess the transcriptomes of cacao and ... | 2014 | 25371547 |
| involvement of the electrophilic isothiocyanate sulforaphane in arabidopsis local defense responses. | plants defend themselves against microbial pathogens through a range of highly sophisticated and integrated molecular systems. recognition of pathogen-secreted effector proteins often triggers the hypersensitive response (hr), a complex multicellular defense reaction where programmed cell death of cells surrounding the primary site of infection is a prominent feature. even though the hr was described almost a century ago, cell-to-cell factors acting at the local level generating the full defense ... | 2014 | 25371552 |
| involvement of the electrophilic isothiocyanate sulforaphane in arabidopsis local defense responses. | plants defend themselves against microbial pathogens through a range of highly sophisticated and integrated molecular systems. recognition of pathogen-secreted effector proteins often triggers the hypersensitive response (hr), a complex multicellular defense reaction where programmed cell death of cells surrounding the primary site of infection is a prominent feature. even though the hr was described almost a century ago, cell-to-cell factors acting at the local level generating the full defense ... | 2014 | 25371552 |
| ald1 regulates basal immune components and early inducible defense responses in arabidopsis. | robust immunity requires basal defense machinery to mediate timely responses and feedback cycles to amplify defenses against potentially spreading infections. agd2-like defense response protein 1 (ald1) is needed for the accumulation of the plant defense signal salicylic acid (sa) during the first hours after infection with the pathogen pseudomonas syringae and is also upregulated by infection and sa. ald1 is an aminotransferase with multiple substrates and products in vitro. pipecolic acid (pip ... | 2015 | 25372120 |
| a conserved peptide pattern from a widespread microbial virulence factor triggers pattern-induced immunity in arabidopsis. | microbe- or host damage-derived patterns mediate activation of pattern-triggered immunity (pti) in plants. microbial virulence factor (effector)-triggered immunity (eti) constitutes a second layer of plant protection against microbial attack. various necrosis and ethylene-inducing peptide 1 (nep1)-like proteins (nlps) produced by bacterial, oomycete and fungal microbes are phytotoxic virulence factors that exert immunogenic activities through phytotoxin-induced host cell damage. we here show tha ... | 2014 | 25375108 |
| functional analysis of hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis rxlr effectors. | the biotrophic plant pathogen hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis produces a set of putative effector proteins that contain the conserved rxlr motif. for most of these rxlr proteins the role during infection is unknown. thirteen rxlr proteins from h. arabidopsidis strain waco9 were analyzed for sequence similarities and tested for a role in virulence. the thirteen rxlr proteins displayed conserved n-termini and this n-terminal conservation was also found in the 134 predicted rxlr genes from the genom ... | 2014 | 25375163 |
| towards synthetic biological approaches to resource utilization on space missions. | this paper demonstrates the significant utility of deploying non-traditional biological techniques to harness available volatiles and waste resources on manned missions to explore the moon and mars. compared with anticipated non-biological approaches, it is determined that for 916 day martian missions: 205 days of high-quality methane and oxygen mars bioproduction with methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum can reduce the mass of a martian fuel-manufacture plant by 56%; 496 days of biomass generat ... | 2015 | 25376875 |
| mcbr/yncc: implications for the mechanism of ligand and dna binding by a bacterial gntr transcriptional regulator involved in biofilm formation. | mqsr-controlled colanic acid and biofilm regulator (mcbr, also known as yncc) is the protein product of a highly induced gene in early escherichia coli biofilm development and has been regarded as an attractive target for blocking biofilm formation. this protein acts as a repressor for genes involved in exopolysaccharide production and an activator for genes involved in stress response. to better understand the role of mcbr in governing the switch from exponential growth to the biofilm state, we ... | 2014 | 25376905 |
| downy mildew resistant 6 and dmr6-like oxygenase 1 are partially redundant but distinct suppressors of immunity in arabidopsis. | arabidopsis downy mildew resistant 6 (dmr6) mutants have lost their susceptibility to the downy mildew hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis. here we show that dmr6 is also resistant to the bacterium pseudomonas syringae and the oomycete phytophthora capsici. resistance is accompanied by enhanced defense gene expression and elevated salicylic acid levels. the suppressive effect of the dmr6 oxygenase was confirmed in transgenic arabidopsis lines overexpressing dmr6 that show enhanced susceptibility to h ... | 2015 | 25376907 |
| a novel approach for multi-domain and multi-gene family identification provides insights into evolutionary dynamics of disease resistance genes in core eudicot plants. | recent advances in dna sequencing techniques resulted in more than forty sequenced plant genomes representing a diverse set of taxa of agricultural, energy, medicinal and ecological importance. however, gene family curation is often only inferred from dna sequence homology and lacks insights into evolutionary processes contributing to gene family dynamics. in a comparative genomics framework, we integrated multiple lines of evidence provided by gene synteny, sequence homology and protein-based h ... | 2014 | 25380807 |
| s-nitrosothiols regulate nitric oxide production and storage in plants through the nitrogen assimilation pathway. | nitrogen assimilation plays a vital role in plant metabolism. assimilation of nitrate, the primary source of nitrogen in soil, is linked to the generation of the redox signal nitric oxide (no). an important mechanism by which no regulates plant development and stress responses is through s-nitrosylation, that is, covalent attachment of no to cysteine residues to form s-nitrosothiols (sno). despite the importance of nitrogen assimilation and no signalling, it remains largely unknown how these pat ... | 2014 | 25384398 |
| the c-di-gmp phosphodiesterase bifa is involved in the virulence of bacteria from the pseudomonas syringae complex. | in a recent screen for novel virulence factors involved in the interaction between pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi and the olive tree, a mutant was selected that contained a transposon insertion in a putative cyclic diguanylate (c-di-gmp) phosphodiesterase-encoding gene. this gene displayed high similarity to bifa of pseudomonas aeruginosa and pseudomonas putida. here, we examined the role of bifa in free-living and virulence-related phenotypes of two bacterial plant pathogens in the pseud ... | 2015 | 25385023 |
| bacillus cereus ar156-induced resistance to colletotrichum acutatum is associated with priming of defense responses in loquat fruit. | the effectiveness of a biocontrol agent bacillus cereus ar156 for control of anthracnose rot caused by colletotrichum acutatum in harvested loquat fruit and the possible mechanisms of its action have been investigated. treatment of fruit with b. cereus ar156 resulted in lower disease incidence and smaller lesion diameters compared with that of untreated fruit. the treatment enhanced activities of defense-related enzymes including chitinase, β-1, 3-glucanase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, peroxida ... | 2014 | 25386680 |
| production of phytotoxic cationic α-helical antimicrobial peptides in plant cells using inducible promoters. | synthetic linear antimicrobial peptides with cationic α-helical structures, such as bp100, have potent and specific activities against economically important plant pathogenic bacteria. they are also recognized as valuable therapeutics and preservatives. however, highly active bp100 derivatives are often phytotoxic when expressed at high levels as recombinant peptides in plants. here we demonstrate that production of recombinant phytotoxic peptides in transgenic plants is possible by strictly lim ... | 2014 | 25387106 |
| pathogen associated molecular pattern (pamp)-triggered immunity is compromised under c-limited growth. | in the interaction between plants and pathogens, carbon (c) resources provide energy and c skeletons to maintain, among many functions, the plant immune system. however, variations in c availability on pathogen associated molecular pattern (pamp) triggered immunity (pti) have not been systematically examined. here, three types of starch mutants with enhanced susceptibility to pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato dc3000 hrcc were examined for pti. in a dark period-dependent manner, the mutants showed ... | 2014 | 25387755 |
| pathogen associated molecular pattern (pamp)-triggered immunity is compromised under c-limited growth. | in the interaction between plants and pathogens, carbon (c) resources provide energy and c skeletons to maintain, among many functions, the plant immune system. however, variations in c availability on pathogen associated molecular pattern (pamp) triggered immunity (pti) have not been systematically examined. here, three types of starch mutants with enhanced susceptibility to pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato dc3000 hrcc were examined for pti. in a dark period-dependent manner, the mutants showed ... | 2014 | 25387755 |
| novel insights from non-conserved micrornas in plants. | plant micrornas (mirnas), a class of small non-coding regulatory rnas, are canonically 20-24 nucleotides in length and bind to complementary target rna sequences, guiding target attenuation via mrna degradation or translation inhibition. of the annotated mirna families, evolutionarily conserved families have been well known to extensively regulate analogous targets and play critical roles in plant development and adaptation to adverse environments. by contrast, majority of these families that ar ... | 2014 | 25389431 |
| selection of high temperature and salinity tolerant trichoderma isolates with antagonistic activity against sclerotium rolfsii. | trichoderma isolates were collected from varied agro-climatic zones of india and screened for high temperature and salinity tolerance. among all the isolates tested, t. asperellum, tador673 was highly tolerant to heat shock of 52°c with a mean spore count (log c.f.u/ml) of 4.33. the isolate after recovery from heat shock possessed higher germination rate and biomass production compared to its wild counterpart, upon prolonged exposure to 37°c. under stress, tador673 accumulated >15% of trehalose ... | 2014 | 25392809 |
| the plasmodesmal protein pdlp1 localises to haustoria-associated membranes during downy mildew infection and regulates callose deposition. | the downy mildew pathogen hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (hpa) is a filamentous oomycete that invades plant cells via sophisticated but poorly understood structures called haustoria. haustoria are separated from the host cell cytoplasm and surrounded by an extrahaustorial membrane (ehm) of unknown origin. in some interactions, including hpa-arabidopsis, haustoria are progressively encased by host-derived, callose-rich materials but the molecular mechanisms by which callose accumulates around hau ... | 2014 | 25393742 |
| ethylene-producing bacteria that ripen fruit. | ethylene is a plant hormone widely used to ripen fruit. however, the synthesis, handling, and storage of ethylene are environmentally harmful and dangerous. we engineered e. coli to produce ethylene through the activity of the ethylene-forming enzyme (efe) from pseudomonas syringae. efe converts a citric acid cycle intermediate, 2-oxoglutarate, to ethylene in a single step. the production of ethylene was placed under the control of arabinose and blue light responsive regulatory systems. the resu ... | 2014 | 25393892 |
| diversity of small rnas expressed in pseudomonas species. | rna sequencing (rna-seq) has revealed several hundreds of previously undetected small rnas (srnas) in all bacterial species investigated, including strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa, pseudomonas putida and pseudomonas syringae. nonetheless, only little is known about the extent of conservation of expressed srnas across strains and species. in this study, we have used rna-seq to identify srnas in p. putida dot-t1e and pseudomonas extremaustralis 14-3b. this is the first strain of p. extremaustral ... | 2015 | 25394275 |
| the arabidopsis plat domain protein1 is critically involved in abiotic stress tolerance. | despite the completion of the arabidopsis genome sequence, for only a relatively low percentage of the encoded proteins experimental evidence concerning their function is available. plant proteins that harbour a single plat (polycystin, lipoxygenase, alpha-toxin and triacylglycerol lipase) domain and belong to the plat-plant-stress protein family are ubiquitously present in monocot and dicots. however, the function of plat-plant-stress proteins is still poorly understood. therefore, we have asse ... | 2014 | 25396746 |