Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| expression of tlr4 and downstream effectors in selected cecal cell sub-populations of chicks resistant or susceptible to salmonella carrier-state. | toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4), which recognizes lipopolysaccharide from gram negative bacteria plays a major role in resistance of mice and humans to salmonella infection. in chicken, salmonella may establish a carrier-state whereby bacteria are able to persist in the organism without triggering clinical signs. based on cellular morphological parameters, we developed a method, without using antibodies, to separate three cecal cell sub-populations: lymphocytes, enterocytes, and a population encompa ... | 2011 | 21628520 |
| multidrug-resistant typhoid fever: a review. | multidrug-resistant typhoid fever (mdrtf) is defined as typhoid fever caused by salmonella enterica serovar typhi strains (s. typhi), which are resistant to the first-line recommended drugs for treatment such as chloramphenicol, ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. since the mid-1980s, mdrtf has caused outbreaks in several countries in the developing world, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality, especially in affected children below five years of age and those who are malnouris ... | 2011 | 21628808 |
| salmonella enterica in semi-aquatic turtles in colombia. | turtles can be hosts of salmonella enterica serovars which can cause disease both in the animals themselves and in people they come into contact with, especially when the turtles are kept as pets. to investigate the prevalence of salmonella in turtles in colombia, we studied animals at a wildlife protection centre. the turtles had either been confiscated or donated to the centre. | 2011 | 21628812 |
| in vitro activity of azithromycin in salmonella isolates from pakistan. | enteric fever is caused by salmonella enterica serovars typhi and paratyphi a, b and c. it is a significant public health issue in pakistan, which is exacerbated by a high level of resistance some isolates display to drugs routinely used in treatment. azithromycin may be a treatment option for such isolates. | 2011 | 21628817 |
| prenatal exposure to lps leads to long-lasting physiological consequences in male offspring. | growing evidence suggests that early life events are critical determinants for disorders later in life. according to a comprehensive number of epidemiological/animal studies, exposure to lipopolysaccharide, causes alteration in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal functioning and the hormonal system which may contribute to behavioral and neurological injuries. in this study we investigated the effects of lipopolysaccharide administration on physiological parameters in ... | 2011 | 21630247 |
| survival of salmonella newport in oysters. | salmonella enterica is the leading cause of laboratory-confirmed foodborne illness in the united states and raw shellfish consumption is a commonly implicated source of gastrointestinal pathogens. a 2005 epidemiological study done in our laboratory by brands et al., showed that oysters in the united states are contaminated with salmonella, and in particular, a specific strain of the newport serovar. this work sought to further investigate the host-microbe interactions between salmonella newport ... | 2011 | 21632135 |
| bacteriophage selection against a plasmid-encoded sex apparatus leads to the loss of antibiotic-resistance plasmids. | antibiotic-resistance genes are often carried by conjugative plasmids, which spread within and between bacterial species. it has long been recognized that some viruses of bacteria (bacteriophage; phage) have evolved to infect and kill plasmid-harbouring cells. this raises a question: can phages cause the loss of plasmid-associated antibiotic resistance by selecting for plasmid-free bacteria, or can bacteria or plasmids evolve resistance to phages in other ways? here, we show that multiple antibi ... | 2011 | 21632619 |
| salmonella synthesizing 1-monophosphorylated lipopolysaccharide exhibits low endotoxic activity while retaining its immunogenicity. | the development of safe live, attenuated salmonella vaccines may be facilitated by detoxification of its lps. recent characterization of the lipid a 1-phosphatase, lpxe, from francisella tularensis allowed us to construct recombinant, plasmid-free strains of salmonella that produce predominantly 1-dephosphorylated lipid a, similar to the adjuvant approved for human use. complete lipid a 1-dephosphorylation was also confirmed under low ph, low mg(2+) culture conditions, which induce lipid a modif ... | 2011 | 21632711 |
| the intestinal microbiota plays a role in salmonella-induced colitis independent of pathogen colonization. | the intestinal microbiota is composed of hundreds of species of bacteria, fungi and protozoa and is critical for numerous biological processes, such as nutrient acquisition, vitamin production, and colonization resistance against bacterial pathogens. we studied the role of the intestinal microbiota on host resistance to salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium-induced colitis. using multiple antibiotic treatments in 129s1/svimj mice, we showed that disruption of the intestinal microbiota alters h ... | 2011 | 21633507 |
| synthesis, characterization and biological properties of thienyl derived triazole schiff bases and their oxovanadium(iv) complexes. | a new series of biologically active thienyl derived triazole schiff bases and their oxovanadium(iv) complexes have been synthesized and characterized on the basis of physical (m.p., magnetic susceptibility and conductivity), spectral (ir, (1)h and (13)c nmr, electronic and mass spectrometry) and microanalytical data. all the schiff base ligands and their oxovanadium(iv) complexes have been subjected to in vitro antibacterial activity against four gram-negative (escherichia coli, shigella flexner ... | 2011 | 21635212 |
| the relative efficacy of different strain combinations of lactic acid bacteria in the reduction of populations of salmonella enterica typhimurium in the livers and spleens of mice. | multispecies probiotics have been reported to be more effective than monostrain probiotics in health promoting for the host. in this study, twelve lactic acid bacteria (lab) strains were selected based on the level of induction of tnf-α in raw 264.7 macrophage cells. their adherence to caco-2 cells and inhibitory effects on salmonella invasion of caco-2 cells were compared. strains with different probiotic properties were then combined and balb/c mice were fed with lab strains for 63 days, then ... | 2011 | 21635568 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray crystallographic analysis of salmonellatyphimurium cuep. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) can survive in the phagosome of macrophages, causing serious medical and veterinary problems. cuep is uniquely found in s. typhimurium and has been characterized as a major periplasmic copper-binding protein. although cuep has been identified as being responsible for the copper resistance of the bacterium in vivo, the biochemical role and three-dimensional structure of cuep remain unknown. in this study, cuep from s. typhimurium was overex ... | 2011 | 21636909 |
| characterization of the carbohydrate backbone of vibrio parahaemolyticus o6 lipopolysaccharides. | structural characterization studies have been carried out on the carbohydrate backbone of vibrio parahaemolyticus serotype o6 lipopolysaccharides (lps). the carbohydrate backbone isolated from o6 lps by sequential derivatization, i.e., dephosphorylation, o-deacylation, pyridylamination, n-deacylation and n-acetylation, is a nonasaccharide consisting of 3 mol of d-glucosamine (glcn) (of which one is pyridylaminated), 2 mol of l-glycero-d-manno-heptose (hep), and 1 mol each of d-galactose (gal), d ... | 2011 | 21639862 |
| decay of bacterial pathogens, fecal indicators, and real-time quantitative pcr genetic markers in manure amended soils. | this study examined persistence and decay of bacterial pathogens, fecal indicator bacteria (fib), and emerging real-time quantitative pcr (qpcr) genetic markers for rapid detection of fecal pollution in manure-amended agricultural soils. known concentrations of transformed green fluorescent protein-expressing escherichia coli o157:h7/pzs and red fluorescent protein-expressing salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium/pds were added to laboratory-scale manure-amended soil microcosms with moisture c ... | 2011 | 21642395 |
| structure-guided investigation of lipopolysaccharide o-antigen chain length regulators reveals regions critical for modal length control. | the o-antigen component of the lipopolysaccharide (lps) represents a population of polysaccharide molecules with a non-random (modal) chain length distribution. the number of the repeat o-units in each individual o-antigen polymer depends on the wzz chain-length regulator, an inner membrane protein belonging to the polysaccharide co-polymerase (pcps) family. different wzz proteins confer vastly different ranges of modal lengths (4 to >100 repeat units) despite having remarkably conserved structu ... | 2011 | 21642455 |
| tubal factor infertility is associated with antibodies against chlamydia trachomatis heat shock protein 60 (hsp60) but not human hsp60. | background serum antibodies against major outer membrane protein (momp) and heat shock protein 60 (hsp60) from chlamydia trachomatis are correlated with sequelae following infection. since bacterial and human hsp60 share considerable sequence homology, cross-reactivity to human hsp60 is suggested as being involved in tubal factor infertility (tfi). the aim was to investigate whether antibodies to human hsp60 are associated with tfi, and to evaluate antibody testing in tfi diagnosis. methods seru ... | 2011 | 21642639 |
| the salmonella enterica pan-genome. | salmonella enterica is divided into four subspecies containing a large number of different serovars, several of which are important zoonotic pathogens and some show a high degree of host specificity or host preference. we compare 45 sequenced s. enterica genomes that are publicly available (22 complete and 23 draft genome sequences). of these, 35 were found to be of sufficiently good quality to allow a detailed analysis, along with two escherichia coli strains (k-12 substr. dh10b and the avian p ... | 2011 | 21643699 |
| gene expression pattern in swine neutrophils after lipopolysaccharide exposure: a time course comparison. | experimental exposure of swine neutrophils to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) represents a model to study the innate immune response during bacterial infection. neutrophils can effectively limit the infection by secreting lipid mediators, antimicrobial molecules and a combination of reactive oxygen species (ros) without new synthesis of proteins. however, it is known that neutrophils can modify the gene expression after lps exposure. we performed microarray gene expression analysis in order t ... | 2011 | 21645290 |
| multi-comparative systems biology analysis reveals time-course biosignatures of in vivo bovine pathway responses to b.melitensis, s.enterica typhimurium and m.avium paratuberculosis. | to decipher the complexity and improve the understanding of host-pathogen interactions, biologists must adopt new system level approaches in which the hierarchy of biological interactions and dynamics can be studied. this paper presents the application of systems biology for the cross-comparative analysis and interactome modeling of three different infectious agents, leading to the identification of novel, unique and common molecular host responses (biosignatures). | 2011 | 21645321 |
| molecular characterization of salmonella enterica serovar saintpaul isolated from imported seafood, pepper, environmental and clinical samples. | a total of 39 salmonella enterica serovar saintpaul strains from imported seafood, pepper and from environmental and clinical samples were analyzed for the presence of virulence genes, antibiotic resistance, plasmid and plasmid replicon types. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) fingerprinting using the xbai restriction enzyme and plasmid profiling were performed to assess genetic diversity. none of the isolates showed resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, kanamycin, strepto ... | 2011 | 21645810 |
| prevalence and counts of salmonella spp. in minimally processed vegetables in são paulo, brazil. | minimally processed vegetables (mpv) may be important vehicles of salmonella spp. and cause disease. this study aimed at detecting and enumerating salmonella spp. in mpv marketed in the city of são paulo, brazil. a total of 512 samples of mpv packages collected in retail stores were tested for salmonella spp. and total coliforms and escherichia coli as indication of the hygienic status. salmonella spp. was detected in four samples, two using the detection method and two using the counting method ... | 2011 | 21645825 |
| the pmrcab operon mediates polymyxin resistance in acinetobacter baumannii atcc 17978 and clinical isolates through phosphoethanolamine modification of lipid a. | the emergence of multidrug resistance amongst acinetobacter baumannii is leading to an increasing dependence on the use of polymyxins as last hope antibiotics. here we utilized genetic and biochemical methods to define the involvement of the pmrcab operon in polymyxin resistance in this organism. sequence analysis of 16 polymyxin b resistant strains, including six spontaneous mutants derived from strain atcc 17978 and 10 clinical isolates from diverse sources, revealed that they had independent ... | 2011 | 21646482 |
| the expression levels of outer membrane proteins stm1530 and ompd, which are influenced by the cpxar and baesr two-component systems, play important roles in the ceftriaxone resistance of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | significant increases in stm3031, stm1530 and acrd protein levels and significant decreases in ompc and ompd protein levels are present when the ceftriaxone-resistant s. enterica serovar typhimurium r200 strain is compared with the ceftriaxone-susceptible strain 01-4. acrd is known to be involved in drug export and stm3031 seems to play a key role in ceftriaxone resistance. here, we examine the role of stm1530, ompc and ompd in ceftriaxone resistance. an ompd gene deletion mutant showed a 4-fold ... | 2011 | 21646491 |
| enhancing the role of veterinary vaccines reducing zoonotic diseases of humans: linking systems biology with vaccine development. | the aim of research on infectious diseases is their prevention, and brucellosis and salmonellosis as such are classic examples of worldwide zoonoses for application of a systems biology approach for enhanced rational vaccine development. when used optimally, vaccines prevent disease manifestations, reduce transmission of disease, decrease the need for pharmaceutical intervention, and improve the health and welfare of animals, as well as indirectly protecting against zoonotic diseases of people. ... | 2011 | 21651944 |
| chromosomal rearrangements in salmonella enterica serovar typhi strains isolated from asymptomatic human carriers. | host-specific serovars of salmonella enterica often have large-scale chromosomal rearrangements that occur by recombination between rrn operons. two hypotheses have been proposed to explain these rearrangements: (i) replichore imbalance from horizontal gene transfer drives the rearrangements to restore balance, or (ii) the rearrangements are a consequence of the host-specific lifestyle. although recent evidence has refuted the replichore balance hypothesis, there has been no direct evidence for ... | 2011 | 21652779 |
| an infrequent molecular ruler controls flagellar hook length in salmonella enterica. | the bacterial flagellum consists of a long external filament connected to a membrane-embedded basal body at the cell surface by a short curved structure called the hook. in salmonella enterica, the hook extends 55 nm from the cell surface. flik, a secreted molecular ruler, controls hook length. upon hook completion, flik induces a secretion-specificity switch to filament-type substrate secretion. here, we demonstrate that an infrequent ruler mechanism determines hook length. flik is intermittent ... | 2011 | 21654632 |
| inverse regulation in the metabolic genes pcka and mete revealed by proteomic analysis of the salmonella rcscdb regulon. | the rcsc, rcsd, and rcsb proteins compose a system used by enteric bacteria to sense envelope stress. signal transmission occurs from the sensor rcsc to the transcriptional regulator rcsb. accessory proteins, such as igaa, are known to adjust the response level. in a previous transcriptomic study, we uncovered 85 genes differentially expressed in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium igaa mutants. here, we extended these observations to proteomics by performing differential isotope-coded prote ... | 2011 | 21657791 |
| outbreak of salmonella enterica serotype infantis producing arma 16s rna methylase and ctx-m-15 extended-spectrum +¦-lactamase in a neonatology ward in constantine, algeria. | plasmid-mediated 16s rrna methylases such as arma, which confer high levels of resistance to aminoglycosides, are increasingly reported in enterobacteriaceae. this study investigated the molecular mechanism of +¦-lactam and aminoglycoside resistance in extended-spectrum +¦-lactamase (esbl)-producing salmonella enterica serotype infantis isolated at the 53-bed neonatology ward of university hospital benabib in constantine, algeria. from september 2008 to january 2009, 200 s. enterica isolates wer ... | 2011 | 21658916 |
| the effects of brazilian and bulgarian propolis in vitro against salmonella typhi and their synergism with antibiotics acting on the ribosome. | salmonella enterica serovar typhi is the causative agent of typhoid fever in humans, and the use of antibiotics is essential for controlling this infection; however, the excessive use of antibiotics may select resistant strains. propolis is a honeybee product and its antimicrobial activity has been intensively investigated. thus, the objective of this study was to investigate a possible synergism between propolis (collected in brazil and bulgaria) and antibiotics acting on the ribosome (chloramp ... | 2011 | 21660841 |
| a retrospective study of post-mortem examination findings in takahe (porphyrio hochstetteri). | to identify the major diseases or disease processes affecting both captive and wild populations of takahe (porphyrio hochstetteri) in birds submitted for post-mortem examination between 1992 and 2007, and to survey archived wild dead takahe for the presence of erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. | 2011 | 21660844 |
| interferon-╬│ and proliferation responses to salmonella enterica serotype typhi proteins in patients with s. typhi bacteremia in dhaka, bangladesh. | salmonella enterica serotype typhi is a human-restricted intracellular pathogen and the cause of typhoid fever. cellular immune responses are required to control and clear salmonella infection. despite this, there are limited data on cellular immune responses in humans infected with wild type s. typhi. | 2011 | 21666798 |
| prevalence and characterization of salmonella serovars isolated from oysters served raw in restaurants. | to determine if salmonella-contaminated oysters are reaching consumer tables, a survey of raw oysters served in eight tucson restaurants was performed from october 2007 to september 2008. salmonella spp. were isolated during 7 of the 8 months surveyed and were present in 1.2% of 2,281 oysters tested. this observed prevalence is lower than that seen in a previous study in which u.s. market oysters were purchased from producers at bays where oysters are harvested. to test whether the process of re ... | 2011 | 21669086 |
| iceberg lettuce as suggested source of a nationwide outbreak caused by two salmonella serotypes, newport and reading, in finland in 2008. | a nationwide outbreak of salmonella enterica serotypes newport and reading occurred between 17 october and 28 november 2008 in finland. a total of 77 culture-confirmed salmonella newport and 30 salmonella reading cases, including one case with a double infection, were reported. all strains isolated from the patients were subtyped using serotyping, microbial resistance profiling, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). here, the pfge patterns of the studied salmonella newport strains were id ... | 2011 | 21669088 |
| multi-locus sequence typing of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis strains in japan between 1973 and 2004. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) was responsible for a worldwide pandemic during the 1980s and 1990s; however, changes in the dominant lineage before and after this event remain unknown. this study determined s. enteritidis lineages before and after this pandemic event in japan using multilocus sequence typing (mlst). thirty s. enteritidis strains were collected in japan between 1973 and 2004, consisting of 27 human strains from individual episodes, a bovi ... | 2011 | 21672260 |
| horizontal transmission of salmonella enteritidis in groups of experimentally infected laying hens housed in different housing systems. | concerns regarding the welfare of laying hens have led to the ban of conventional battery cages in europe from 2012 onward and to the development of alternative housing systems that allow hens to perform a broader range of natural behaviors. limited information is available about the consequences of alternative housing systems on transmission of zoonotic pathogens such as salmonella enteritidis. however, salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis continues to be one of the leading causes of bacteri ... | 2011 | 21673153 |
| sodium alginate oligosaccharides from brown algae inhibit salmonella enteritidis colonization in broiler chickens. | the effects of sodium alginate oligosaccharides (sao) on growth performance, cecal microbiota, salmonella translocation to internal organs, and mucosal immune responses to challenge with salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis in broiler chickens were investigated. we designed an experiment with a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, in which 3 feed treatments with supplementation of sao at 0 (controls), 0.04, or 0.2% were provided in the diet for birds not challenged or challenged with salmonella ente ... | 2011 | 21673159 |
| assessment of salmonella spp. in feces, cloacal swabs, and eggs (eggshell and content separately) from a laying hen farm. | microbial pathogens of the genus salmonella are among the leading causes of foodborne illness in the world. the present study was done on a laying hen farm with a salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis-positive result according to the testing specified by european regulation 2160/2003. the aim of this study was to compare the salmonella contamination on a laying hen farm with the salmonella presence in the hen eggs. the strains were isolated by iso method 6579:2002 (standard method for the dete ... | 2011 | 21673175 |
| reactive arthritis in a population exposed to an extensive waterborne gastroenteritis outbreak after sewage contamination in pirkanmaa, finland. | objectives: to assess the occurrence, clinical picture, and triggering infections of reactive arthritis (rea) associated with a large waterborne gastroenteritis outbreak. methods: after an extensive sewage contamination of the water supply system, an estimated 8453 of the 30 016 inhabitants of the town of nokia fell ill. general practitioners and occupational physicians were advised to refer any patients with suspicion of new rea to rheumatological examination including faecal culture, human leu ... | 2011 | 21679096 |
| coiled-coil domains enhance the membrane association of salmonella type iii effectors. | coiled-coil domains in eukaryotic and prokaryotic proteins contribute to diverse structural and regulatory functions. here we have used in silico analysis to predict which proteins in the proteome of the enteric pathogen, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, harbour coiled-coil domains. we found that coiled-coil domains are especially prevalent in virulence-associated proteins, including type iii effectors. using sopb as a model coiled-coil domain type iii effector, we have investigated the ... | 2011 | 21679290 |
| integration host factor alleviates h-ns silencing of the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium master regulator of spi1, hila. | coordination of the expression of salmonella enterica invasion genes on salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (spi1) depends on a complex circuit involving several regulators that converge on expression of the hila gene, which encodes a transcriptional activator (hila) that modulates expression of the spi1 virulence genes. two of the global regulators that influence hila expression are the nucleoid-associated proteins hha and h-ns. they interact and form a complex that modulates gene expression. a c ... | 2011 | 21680637 |
| innate immunity: unfolding the neuro-immuno connections. | the innate immune system maintains health and fitness during infection by eliminating infectious agents and by limiting damage caused by pathogens or immune activation. the nervous system contributes to innate immunity by modulating the expression of antimicrobial peptides and by regulating the unfolded protein response. | 2011 | 21683903 |
| immunization of chickens with salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar enteritidis pathogenicity island-2 proteins. | several structural components of the type iii secretion systems (t3ss) encoded by salmonella pathogenicity island (spi)-1 and spi-2 are exposed to the host's immune system prior to/during the infection/invasion process, making them potential vaccine candidates. in this study we evaluated whether chickens vaccinated with spi-2 t3ss components could mount a significant humoral immune response (as measured by serum igg titres) and whether these antibodies could be transferred to progeny (as measure ... | 2011 | 21684090 |
| salmonella - at home in the host cell. | the gram-negative bacterium salmonella enterica has developed an array of sophisticated tools to manipulate the host cell and establish an intracellular niche, for successful propagation as a facultative intracellular pathogen. while salmonella exerts diverse effects on its host cell, only the cell biology of the classic "trigger"-mediated invasion process and the subsequent development of the salmonella-containing vacuole have been investigated extensively. these processes are dependent on coho ... | 2011 | 21687432 |
| the non-motile phenotype of salmonella hha ydgt mutants is mediated through pefi-srgd. | two ancestral nucleoid-associated proteins called hha and ydgt contribute to the negative regulation of several virulence-associated genes in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. our previous work showed that hha and ydgt proteins are required for negative regulation of salmonella pathogenicity island-2 and that hha ydgt double mutants are attenuated for murine infection. interestingly, hha ydgt mutant bacteria exhibited a non-motile phenotype suggesting that hha and ydgt have a role in flag ... | 2011 | 21689395 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility to azithromycin among salmonella enterica isolates from the united states. | due to emerging resistance to traditional antimicrobial agents, such as ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and chloramphenicol, azithromycin is increasingly used for the treatment of invasive salmonella infections. in the present study, 696 isolates of non-typhi salmonella collected from humans, food animals, and retail meats in the united states were investigated for antimicrobial susceptibility to azithromycin. seventy-two salmonella enterica serotype typhi isolates from humans were al ... | 2011 | 21690279 |
| in vitro and in vivo synergistic effects of cryptdin 2 and ampicillin against salmonella. | in view of the emergence of multidrug-resistant salmonella strains, there is a need for therapeutic alternatives. to reduce the dose of antibiotic required in order to decrease the associated side effects, the present study was aimed at evaluating the synergism between cryptdin 2 (a paneth cell antimicrobial peptide) and ampicillin (amp) against salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. the synergy was evaluated in terms of the fractional bactericidal concentration (fbc) index, time-kill assay re ... | 2011 | 21690282 |
| antioxidant oils and salmonella enterica typhimurium reduce tumor in an experimental model of hepatic metastasis. | fruit seeds high in antioxidants have been shown to have anticancer properties and enhance host protection against microbial infection. recently we showed that a single oral dose of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium expressing a truncated human interleukin-2 gene (salpil2) is avirulent, immunogenic, and reduces hepatic metastases through increased natural killer cell populations in mice. to determine whether antioxidant compounds enhance the antitumor effect seen in salpil2-treated animals ... | 2011 | 21691578 |
| the utility of diagnostic tests for enteric fever in endemic locations. | enteric fever, an infection caused by salmonella enterica serovar typhi and serovar paratyphi a, is common and endemic in many areas of the asian and african continents. in endemic areas, diagnostic tests are needed to diagnose acute cases for clinical management, to detect convalescent and chronic fecal carriage and for contact tracing. a suitable test may also allow an assessment of disease burden in a community to determine the need for vaccination programs. each specific role may warrant a d ... | 2011 | 21692675 |
| salmonella-induced mucosal lectin regiii+¦ kills competing gut microbiota. | intestinal inflammation induces alterations of the gut microbiota and promotes overgrowth of the enteric pathogen salmonella enterica by largely unknown mechanisms. here, we identified a host factor involved in this process. specifically, the c-type lectin regiii+¦ is strongly upregulated during mucosal infection and released into the gut lumen. in vitro, regiii+¦ kills diverse commensal gut bacteria but not salmonella enterica subspecies i serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium). protection of the ... | 2011 | 21694778 |
| rapid genoserotyping tool for classification of salmonella serovars. | we have developed a salmonella genoserotyping array (sgsa) which rapidly generates an antigenic formula consistent with the white-kauffmann-le minor scheme, currently the gold standard for salmonella serotyping. a set of 287 strains representative of 133 salmonella serovars was assembled to validate the array and to test the array probes for accuracy, specificity, and reproducibility. initially, 76 known serovars were utilized to validate the specificity and repeatability of the array probes and ... | 2011 | 21697324 |
| a new rapid and micro-scale hydrolysis, using triethylamine citrate, for lipopolysaccharide characterization by mass spectrometry. | endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, lps) is, in general, composed of two moieties: a hydrophilic polysaccharide linked to a hydrophobic lipid a terminal unit and forms a major surface component of gram-negative bacteria. the structural features of lps moieties play a role in pathogenesis and also involve immunogenicity and diagnostic serology. the major toxic factor of lps resides in the lipid a moiety, anchored in the outer layer of the bacterium, and its relative biological activity is critically r ... | 2011 | 21698687 |
| transposon tn5393e carrying the apha1-containing transposon tn6023 upstream of strab does not confer resistance to streptomycin. | the simplest form of transposon tn5393 carries the stra and strb genes that confer resistance to streptomycin, in addition to its transposition determinants. tn5393e, made up of tn5393 and a second transposon, tn6023, was found in an inchi2 plasmid, psrc125, recovered from a multiply antibiotic-resistant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium isolate of bovine origin. tn6023 is made up of the apha1b gene flanked by two inversely oriented copies of insertion sequence (is) is26 and is flanked by ... | 2011 | 21702681 |
| effects of orally administered bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on the well-being and salmonella colonization of young chicks. | bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is a bacterium which preys upon and kills gram-negative bacteria, including the zoonotic pathogens escherichia coli and salmonella. bdellovibrio has potential as a biocontrol agent, but no reports of it being tested in living animals have been published, and no data on whether bdellovibrio might spread between animals are available. in this study, we tried to fill this knowledge gap, using b. bacteriovorus hd100 doses in poultry with a normal gut microbiota or predosed ... | 2011 | 21705523 |
| antimicrobial resistance and virulence determinants in european salmonella genomic island 1-positive salmonella enterica isolates from different origins. | salmonella genomic island 1 (sgi1) contains a multidrug resistance region conferring the ampicillin-chloramphenicol-streptomycin-sulfamethoxazole-tetracycline resistance phenotype encoded by bla(pse-1), flor, aada2, sul1, and tet(g). its increasing spread via interbacterial transfer and the emergence of new variants are important public health concerns. we investigated the molecular properties of sgi1-carrying salmonella enterica serovars selected from a european strain collection. a total of 38 ... | 2011 | 21705546 |
| effect of growth under selection on appearance of chromosomal mutations in salmonella enterica. | populations adapt physiologically using regulatory mechanisms and genetically by means of mutations that improve growth. during growth under selection, genetic adaptation can be rapid. in several genetic systems, the speed of adaptation has been attributed to cellular mechanisms that increase mutation rates in response to growth limitation. an alternative possibility is that growth limitation serves only as a selective agent but acts on small-effect mutations that are common under all growth con ... | 2011 | 21705757 |
| contaminated commercial dehydrated food as source of multiple salmonella serotypes outbreak in a municipal kennel in tuscany. | the authors describe a large outbreak of canine salmonellosis in a municipal kennel in tuscany. during the outbreak, 174 samples of 'diarrhetic' and 'normal' faeces and two batches of commercial dehydrated dog food were cultured for pathogenic bacteria. the results of 25, out of a total of 41 dogs (60.9%) revealed at least one faecal sample as being positive for salmonella; incidence per sampling ranged from 12.5% to 34%. nine of 10 samples of dehydrated food were positive. ten totally different ... | 2011 | 21706471 |
| Reduced invasion to human epithelial cell lines of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi carrying S. Typhimurium sopD2. | Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and Typhimurium are closely related serovars. However, S. Typhi, a human-specific pathogen, has 5% of genes as pseudogenes, far more than S. Typhimurium, which only has 1%. One of these pseudogenes corresponds to sopD2, which in S. Typhimurium encodes an effector protein involved in Salmonella-containing vacuole biogenesis in human epithelial cell lines, which is needed for full virulence of the pathogen. We investigated whether S. Typhi trans-complemented with ... | 2011 | 21707735 |
| deletion of the acee gene (encoding a component of pyruvate dehydrogenase) attenuates salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. | salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) is a major food-borne pathogen. from a transposon insertion mutant library created previously using s. enteritidis 10/02, one of the mutants was identified to have a 50% lethal dose (ld(50) ) at least 100 times that of the parental strain in young chicks, with an attenuation in a poorly studied gene encoding a component of pyruvate dehydrogenase, namely the acee gene. evaluation of the in vitro virulence characteristics of the +öaceeôêàkan ... | 2011 | 21707778 |
| a multiplex real-time pcr assay targeting virulence and resistance genes in salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium. | abstract: | 2011 | 21707966 |
| molecular and comparative analysis of salmonella enterica senftenberg from humans and animals using pfge, mlst and narms. | salmonella species are recognized worldwide as a significant cause of human and animal disease. in this study the molecular profiles and characteristics of salmonella enterica senftenberg isolated from human cases of illness and those recovered from healthy or diagnostic cases in animals were assessed. included in the study was a comparison with our own sequenced strain of s. senfteberg recovered from production turkeys in north dakota. isolates examined in this study were subjected to antimicro ... | 2011 | 21708021 |
| b cell priming for extrafollicular antibody responses requires bcl-6 expression by t cells. | t follicular helper cells (tfh cells) localize to follicles where they provide growth and selection signals to mutated germinal center (gc) b cells, thus promoting their differentiation into high affinity long-lived plasma cells and memory b cells. t-dependent b cell differentiation also occurs extrafollicularly, giving rise to unmutated plasma cells that are important for early protection against microbial infections. bcl-6 expression in t cells has been shown to be essential for the formation ... | 2011 | 21708925 |
| Characterization of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Isolates Harboring a Chromosomally Encoded CMY-2 {beta}-Lactamase Gene Located on a Multidrug Resistance Genomic Island. | Since 2004, extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) isolates have been detected from cattle in the northern major island of Japan, Hokkaido. Resistance to ESCs was found to be mediated by CMY-2 type +¦-lactamase among 22 epidemiologically unrelated isolates showing indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns. Southern blot analysis using I-CeuI-digested genomic DNA demonstrated that the CMY-2 +¦-lactamase gene (bla( ... | 2011 | 21709089 |
| a food borne outbreak of salmonella enterica serotype brandenburg as a hint to compare human, animal and food isolates identified in the years 2005-2009 in italy. | there are only a few reported cases of salmonella enterica serotype brandenburg foodborne outbreaks in the literature. in italy brandenburg is consistently present among the top ten serotypes from human source, but at low prevalences. | 2011 | 21710817 |
| Molecular mechanism for eliminylation, a newly discovered post-translational modification. | The newly discovered bacterial phosphothreonine lyases perform a post-translational modification of host cell signaling proteins through a novel catalytic mechanism that irreversibly removes the phosphate group from a phosphorylated threonine via +¦-elimination. This "eliminylation" reaction is shown by ab initio QM/MM studies to proceed via an E1cB-like pathway, in which the carbanion intermediate is stabilized by an enzyme oxyanion hole provided by Lys104 and Tyr158 of SpvC. | 2011 | 21710993 |
| safety and efficacy of a virulence gene-deleted live vaccine candidate for fowl typhoid in young chickens. | the safety and efficacy of a live lon-and-cpxr-deleted salmonella enterica serovar gallinarum (sg) vaccine candidate (jol916) was evaluated in young layer chickens. vaccinated (n=25) and unvaccinated (n=25) groups were organized, respectively, at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks of age. one-week-old and 2-week-old chickens were orally inoculated with 2+ù10(7) colony-forming units of jol916, and orally challenged with 2 x 10(6) colony-forming units of a wild-type sg strain at the third week post vaccination ... | 2011 | 21711190 |
| salmonella typhimurium invasion of hep-2 epithelial cells in vitro is increased by n-acylhomoserine lactone quorum sensing signals. | in gram-negative bacteria, the most commonly studied quorum sensing signals are the n-acylhomoserine lactones (ahls). in salmonella, ahls are recognized by sdia, which is believed to be a sensor of ahls produced by other bacteria, since salmonella does not produce ahls itself. it has been speculated that ahls produced by the gastrointestinal flora may influence the regulation of virulence traits in salmonella. the aim of the present work was to study the effect of ahls on epithelial cell invasio ... | 2011 | 21711544 |
| emergence of multi-drug resistant salmonella enterica serotype stanleyville infections among children in yaounde, cameroon. | 2011 | 21712305 | |
| the influence of reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones in salmonella enterica serovar typhi on the clinical response to ofloxacin therapy. | infection with salmonella enterica serovar typhi (s. typhi) with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones has been associated with fluoroquinolone treatment failure. we studied the relationship between ofloxacin treatment response and the ofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of the infecting isolate. individual patient data from seven randomised controlled trials of antimicrobial treatment in enteric fever conducted in vietnam in which ofloxacin was used in at least one of the trea ... | 2011 | 21713025 |
| antimicrobial resistance trends in blood culture positive salmonella typhi isolates from pondicherry, india, 2005-2009. | clin microbiol infect abstract: typhoid fever is caused by salmonella enterica serovar typhi, a major public health concern in developing countries. recently, there has been an upsurge in the occurrence of bacterial isolates that are resistant to ciprofloxacin, and the emergence of broad spectrum +¦-lactamases in typhoidal salmonellae constitutes a new challenge for the clinician. a total of 337 blood culture isolates of s.-átyphi, isolated from pondicherry, india, between january 2005 and decem ... | 2011 | 21714829 |
| salmonella enteritidis universal stress protein (usp) gene expression is stimulated by egg white and supports oviduct colonization and egg contamination in laying hens. | salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar enteritidis has caused a worldwide egg-associated pandemic since the mid 1980s. the exact mechanisms causing this egg tropism are still largely unknown, and only a few salmonella genes have been implicated in the interaction with the oviduct or eggs. a in vivo expression technology screening performed previously, identified the uspa and uspb genes as being highly expressed in the chicken oviduct and in eggs. here, we demonstrate that uspa and uspb ... | 2011 | 21715109 |
| evaluation of antibacterial activity against salmonella enteritidis. | salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis is a well-known pathogenic bacterium responsible for human gastrointestinal enteritis mainly due to the consumption of eggs and egg-products. the first aim of this work was to study several virulence factors of a strain isolated from egg content: seovo. first, bacterial growth was studied at several temperatures and cell morphology was observed by scanning electronic microscopy. these experiments showed salmonella's ability to grow at low temperatures and ... | 2011 | 21717317 |
| enhanced protection against infection with transmissible gastroenteritis virus in piglets by oral co-administration of live attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium expressing swine interferon-+¦ and interleukin-18. | the enhanced effect of cytokine combinations has been assessed empirically, based on their immunobiological mechanisms. however, far less is known of the enhanced protection of practical cytokine combinations against viral infection in the livestock industry, due to cost and production issues associated with mass administration. this study demonstrates the enhanced protection of oral co-administration of swine interferon-+¦ (swifn-+¦) and interleukin-18 (swil-18) against infection with transmiss ... | 2011 | 21719106 |
| high hydrostatic pressure processing reduces salmonella enterica serovars in diced and whole tomatoes. | fresh and fresh-cut tomatoes have been associated with numerous outbreaks of salmonellosis in recent years. one effective post harvest treatment to reduce salmonella enterica in tomatoes may be high pressure processing (hpp). the objectives of the study were to determine the potential for hpp to reduce s. enterica serovars newport, javiana, braenderup and anatum in tryptic soy broth (tsb) and to determine the effect of hpp to reduce the most pressure resistant of the four serovars from fresh dic ... | 2011 | 21719138 |
| the pmra/pmrb regulatory system controls the expression of the wzzfepe gene involved in the o-antigen synthesis of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | the degree of polymerization of o-antigen from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is controlled by the products of the wzz(s)(t) and wzz(fepe) genes. in the present study we investigated the role of the pmra/pmrb regulatory system in wzz(fepe) transcription. we report that the direct binding of the pmra regulator to a specific promoter site induces the expression of the wzz(fepe) gene. this effect increases the amount of very long (vl) o-antigen, which is required for the resistance of salm ... | 2011 | 21719537 |
| the dickeya dadantii biofilm matrix consists of cellulose nanofibers and is an emergent property dependent upon the type iii secretion system and the cellulose synthesis operon. | dickeya dadantii is a plant pathogenic bacterium that produces cellulose-containing biofilms, called pellicles, at the air-liquid interface of liquid cultures. d. dadantii pellicle formation appears to be an emergent property dependent upon at least three gene clusters, including cellulose synthesis, type iii secretion system (t3ss), and flagellar genes. the d. dadantii cellulose synthesis operon is homologous to that of gluconacetobacter xylinus, which is used for industrial cellulose productio ... | 2011 | 21719543 |
| detection and characterization of mycoplasma spp. and salmonella spp. in free-living european tortoises (testudo hermanni, testudo graeca, and testudo marginata). | free-living and captive chelonians might suffer from upper respiratory tract disease (urtd), a pathology primarily caused by mycoplasma agassizii. wild tortoises can also be an important reservoir of salmonella spp., which are commensal in the host reptile but are potential zoonotic agents. between july 2009 and june 2010, we screened free-living european tortoises (spur-thighed tortoises testudo graeca, hermann's tortoises testudo hermanni, marginated tortoises testudo marginata) temporarily ho ... | 2011 | 21719840 |
| treatment of typhoid fever in the 21st century: promises and shortcomings. | emergence of multidrug resistance and decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility (dcs) in salmonella enterica serovar typhi in south asia have rendered older drugs, including ampicillin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin, ineffective or suboptimal for typhoid fever. ideally, treatment should be safe and available for adults and children in shortened courses of 5 days, cause defervescence within 1 week, render blood and stool cultures sterile, and prevent r ... | 2011 | 21722249 |
| application of variable number of tandem repeat analysis to track salmonella enterica ssp. enterica serovar typhimurium infection of pigs reared on three british farms through the production cycle to the abattoir. | aims:ôçé this study investigated the diversity and persistence of salmonella strains through the pork finishing cycle, from the farm into the abattoir. methods and results:ôçé isolates from four batches of finishers, from farm to abattoir, were used. salmonella typhimurium isolates were subjected to molecular typing using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and variable number of tandem repeat analysis. the results demonstrated that infection was transferred from the farm to the abattoir. within th ... | 2011 | 21722278 |
| the rhodanese domain of thii is both necessary and sufficient for synthesis of the thiazole moiety of thiamine in salmonella enterica. | in salmonella enterica, thii is a bifunctional enzyme required for the synthesis of both the 4-thiouridine modification in trna and the thiazole moiety of thiamine. in 4-thiouridine biosynthesis, thii adenylates the trna uridine and transfers sulfur from a persulfide formed on the protein. the role of thii in thiazole synthesis is not yet well understood. mutational analysis described here found that thii residues required for 4-thiouridine synthesis were not involved in thiazole biosynthesis. t ... | 2011 | 21724998 |
| cora, the magnesium/nickel/cobalt transporter, affects virulence and extracellular enzyme production in the soft rot pathogen pectobacterium carotovorum. | pectobacterium carotovorum (formerly erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora) is a phytopathogenic bacterium that causes soft rot disease, characterized by water-soaked soft decay, resulting from the action of cell wall-degrading exoenzymes secreted by the pathogen. virulence in soft rot bacteria is regulated by environmental factors, host and bacterial chemical signals, and a network of global and gene-specific bacterial regulators. we isolated a mini-tn5 mutant of p. carotovorum that is reduced in ... | 2011 | 21726393 |
| phylogenetic relationship of salmonella enterica strains in tehran, iran, using 16s rrna and gyrb gene sequences. | we assessed whether 16s rdna and gyrb gene sequences, alone or combined, were suitable for determining the phylogenetic relationship among salmonella enterica strains isolated from tehran, iran. patients over five years of age enrolled in an acute diarrheal surveillance project in tehran province between may 2004 and october 2006 were selected as our study group. | 2011 | 21727646 |
| effects of two simulated oxytetracycline dosing regimens on horizontal transfer of antimicrobial resistance plasmids in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model. | to evaluate the impact of oxytetracycline exposure on horizontal transfer of an antimicrobial resistance plasmid. | 2011 | 21728847 |
| functional dissection of siie, a giant non-fimbrial adhesin of salmonella enterica. | salmonella enterica deploys the giant non-fimbrial adhesin siie to adhere to the apical side of polarized epithelial cells. the establishment of close contact is a prerequisite for subsequent invasion mediated by translocation of effector proteins of the salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (spi1)-encoded type iii secretion system (t3ss). although siie is secreted into the culture medium, the adhesin is retained on the bacterial envelope in the phase of highest bacterial invasiveness. to dissect th ... | 2011 | 21729227 |
| antimicrobial resistance in enteric pathogens isolated from minnesota pigs from 1995 to 2004. | this study investigated the occurrence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of escherichia coli and salmonella sp. isolated from swine samples submitted to the minnesota veterinary diagnostic laboratory (mvdl) in saint paul, minnesota from 1995 to 2004. during this time period, a total of 5072 e. coli and 2793 salmonella sp. was isolated. most of these isolates were found to be resistant to the tetracycline and beta-lactam group of antibiotics. resistance to spectinomycin was also frequently ob ... | 2011 | 21731182 |
| transcriptional priming of salmonella pathogenicity island-2 precedes cellular invasion. | invasive salmonellosis caused by salmonella enterica involves an enteric stage of infection where the bacteria colonize mucosal epithelial cells, followed by systemic infection with intracellular replication in immune cells. the type iii secretion system encoded in salmonella pathogenicity island (spi)-2 is essential for intracellular replication and the regulators governing high-level expression of spi-2 genes within the macrophage phagosome and in inducing media thought to mimic this environme ... | 2011 | 21738750 |
| rhizosphere effect on survival of escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in manure-amended soil during cabbage (brassica oleracea) cultivation under tropical field conditions in sub-saharan africa. | the effect of cabbage (brassica oleracea) rhizosphere on survival of escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella typhimurium in manure-amended soils under tropical field conditions was investigated in the central agro-ecological zone of uganda. three-week old cabbage seedlings were transplanted and cultivated for 120days on manure-amended soil inoculated with 4 or 7log cfu/g non-virulent e. coli o157:h7 and s. typhimurium. cabbage rhizosphere did not affect survival of the 4log cfu/g inocula in manu ... | 2011 | 21741722 |
| osteomyelitis due to salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae: the price of exotic pets. | clin microbiol infect abstract: we describe a 31-year-old immunocompromised patient who developed sepsis and osteomyelitis due to salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae secondary to exposure to iguana and snakes kept as pets at her home, and review all 23 previously published cases of bone and joint infections due to this organism, for a total of nine children and 15 adults. eleven of the adults were female (73%), compared with three (33%) of the children (p <0.01). significant underlying illnesses ... | 2011 | 21745257 |
| contribution of a streptococcus mutans antigen expressed by a salmonella vector vaccine in dendritic cell activation. | a salmonella vector vaccine expressing the saliva-binding region (sbr) of the adhesin agi/ii of streptococcus mutans has been shown to induce a mixed th1/th2 anti-sbr immune response in mice and to require tlr2, tlr4 and myd88 signaling for the induction of mucosal anti-sbr antibody responses. since dendritic cells (dc) are critical in innate and adaptive immunity, the present study assessed the role of sbr expression by the vector vaccine in dc activation. bone marrow-derived dc from wild type, ... | 2011 | 21746857 |
| salmonella interaction with and passage through the intestinal mucosa: through the lens of the organism. | salmonella enterica serotypes are invasive enteric pathogens spread through fecal contamination of food and water sources, and represent a constant public health threat around the world. the symptoms associated with salmonellosis and typhoid disease are largely due to the host response to invading salmonella, and to the mechanisms these bacteria employ to survive in the presence of, and invade through the intestinal mucosal epithelia. surmounting this barrier is required for survival within the ... | 2011 | 21747800 |
| establishing streptomycin epidemiological cut-off values for salmonella and escherichia coli. | this study was conducted to elucidate the accuracy of the current streptomycin epidemiological cut-off value (ecoff) for escherichia coli and salmonella spp. a total of 236 salmonella enterica and 208 e. coli isolates exhibiting mics between 4 and 32?mg/l were selected from 12 countries. isolates were investigated by polymerase chain reaction for aada, stra, and strb streptomycin resistance genes. out of 236 salmonella isolates, 32 (13.5%) yielded amplicons for aada (n?=?23), stra (n?=?9), and s ... | 2011 | 21749212 |
| increasing ceftriaxone resistance in salmonellae, taiwan. | in taiwan, despite a substantial decline of salmonella enterica serotype choleraesuis infections, strains resistant to ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone persist. a self-transferable blacmy-2-harboring inci1 plasmid was identified in s. enterica serotypes choleraesuis, typhimurium, agona, and enteritidis and contributed to the overall increase of ceftriaxone resistance in salmonellae. | 2011 | 21749777 |
| salmonella enterica serotype typhi with nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype. | we report salmonella enterica serotype typhi strains with a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype (i.e., decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin but with susceptibility to nalidixic acid) associated with a nonsynonymous mutation at codon 464 of the gyrb gene. these strains, not detected by the nalidixic acid disk screening test, can result in fluoroquinolone treatment failure. | 2011 | 21749778 |
| ciprofloxacin-resistant salmonella enterica serotype typhi, united states, 1999-2008. | we report 9 ciprofloxacin-resistant salmonella enterica serotype typhi isolates submitted to the us national antimicrobial resistance monitoring system during 1999-2008. the first 2 had indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns and identical gyra and parc mutations. eight of the 9 patients had traveled to india within 30 days before illness onset. | 2011 | 21749779 |
| impedimetric biosensor based on self-assembled hybrid cystein-gold nanoparticles and cramoll lectin for bacterial lipopolysaccharide recognition. | we report the development of a new selective and specific electrochemical biosensor for bacterial lipolysaccharide (lps). an electrode interface was constructed using a l-cysteine-gold nanoparticle (aunpcys) composite to be immobilized by electrostatic interaction in the network of a poly(vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate maleic acid) (pvm) layer on a gold bare electrode. the impedimetric biosensor is fabricated by self-assembled cramoll lectin on the pvm-aunpcys-modified gold electrode through elect ... | 2011 | 21752390 |
| essential oils from moroccan plants as potential chemosensitisers restoring antibiotic activity in resistant gram-negative bacteria. | bacterial drug resistance is a worrying public health problem. antibiotic efflux is a major non-specific resistance mechanism used by bacteria, and efflux pumps are involved in the low-level susceptibility of various important gram-negative pathogens. use of molecules that can block bacterial pumps is an attractive strategy, but several studies report only partial efficacy owing to limits of these molecules (stability, selectivity, bioavailability, toxicity, etc.). the objective of this study wa ... | 2011 | 21752605 |
| outbreak of a novel enterobacter sp. carrying bla(ctx-m-15) in a neonatal unit of a tertiary care hospital in tanzania. | enterobacter hormaechei and cronobacter sakazakii are amongst the most important causes of outbreaks of neonatal sepsis associated with powdered milk. in this study, we report for the first time an outbreak of a novel enterobacter sp. harbouring bla(ctx-m-15) in a neonatal unit in tanzania. seventeen gram-negative enteric isolates from neonatal blood cultures were studied. antibiotic susceptibility was assessed by disc diffusion testing, and the presence of the bla(ctx-m-15) gene was established ... | 2011 | 21752606 |
| biological activity of twenty-three hydantoin derivatives on intrinsic efflux pump system of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis nctc 13349. | hydantoin derivatives have important biochemical and pharmacological properties. in the present study, 23 hydantoin compounds were evaluated for their efflux-modulating effects in salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis nctc 13349 using real-time fluorimetry based on the intracellular accumulation of ethidium bromide (eb), a universal substrate of efflux pumps. | 2011 | 21753132 |
| microencapsulated sorbic acid and nature-identical compounds reduced salmonella hadar and salmonella enteritidis colonization in experimentally infected chickens. | the reduction of salmonella prevalence in broilers is a priority in european union agricultural policies because treatment with antibiotics is forbidden by regulation (ec) 2160/2003. two trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a microencapsulated blend of sorbic acid and nature-identical compounds (i.e., chemically synthesized botanicals; sab) on the reduction of the cecal prevalence and contents of salmonella enterica serovars hadar and enteritidis in experimentally infected chickens. ... | 2011 | 21753203 |
| bacillus subtilis (dsm17299) significantly reduces salmonella in broilers. | salmonella continues to be a major public health burden worldwide. poultry are known to be one of the main reservoirs for this zoonotic pathogen. it has previously been shown that a single dose of bacillus subtilis reduces fecal shedding of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis, whereas no effect on long-term colonization of the cecum has been observed. here we report experiments that were undertaken to test the efficacy of a conventional diet supplemented with a probiotic (b. subtilis dsm1729 ... | 2011 | 21753205 |
| inhibition studies of the ß-carbonic anhydrases from the bacterial pathogen salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium with sulfonamides and sulfamates. | the two ß-carbonic anhydrases (cas, ec 4.2.1.1) from the bacterial pathogen salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, stca 1 and stca 2, were investigated for their inhibition with a large panel of sulfonamides and sulfamates. unlike inorganic anions, which are weak, millimolar inhibitors of the two enzymes [vullo et al., bioorg. med. chem. lett.2011, 21, 3591], sulfonamides and sulfamates are effective micro-to nanomolar inhibitors of the two enzymes. various types of inhibitors have been detect ... | 2011 | 21757360 |