Publications

[environmental conditions and prevalence of parasitic infection in xukuru-kariri indigenous people, caldas, brazil].	to describe the environmental conditions and the parasitic infection status of xukuru-kariri individuals living in the municipality of caldas, state of minas gerais, brazil.	2015	26506320
determining intestinal parasitic infections (ipis) in inmates from kajang prison, selangor, malaysia for improved prison management.	the prison management in malaysia is proactively seeking to improve the health status of the prison inmates. intestinal parasitic infections (ipis) are widely distributed throughout the world and are still gaining great concern due to their significant morbidity and mortality among infected humans. in malaysia, there is a paucity of information on ipis among prison inmates. in order to further enhance the current health strategies employed, the present study aims to establish firm data on the pr ...	2015	26511347
ent-kaurene glycosides from ageratina cylindrica.	the aqueous extract of the leaves of ageratina cylindrica afforded six new ent-kaurenoic acid glycosides together with the known diterpenoid paniculoside v, the flavonoid astragalin, chlorogenic acid, and l-chiro-inositol. the structures were elucidated mainly by nmr and ms methods, and the absolute configuration was established by vibrational circular dichroism spectroscopy. the new compounds showed moderate antiprotozoal activity against entamoeba histolytica and giardia lamblia trophozoites.	2015	26517282
the knockdown of each component of the cysteine proteinase-adhesin complex of entamoeba histolytica (ehcpadh) affects the expression of the other complex element as well as the in vitro and in vivo virulence.	entamoeba histolytica is the protozoan parasite causative of human amoebiasis, disease responsible for 40 000-100 000 deaths annually. the cysteine proteinase-adhesin complex of this parasite (ehcpadh) is a heterodimeric protein formed by a cysteine protease (ehcp112) and an adhesin (ehadh) that plays an important role in the cytopathic mechanism of this parasite. the coding genes for ehcp112 and ehadh are adjacent in the e. histolytica genome, suggesting that their expression may be co-regulate ...	2016	26521708
fatal case of amoebic liver abscess in a child.	we reported a case of amoebic liver abscess (ala) in a 6-year-old malaysian boy who presented with fever, lethargy, diarrhoea and right hypochondriac pain. on admission he was diagnosed with perforated acute appendicitis and a laparotomy was done. after surgery he developed acute respiratory distress. ultrasonography, chest x-ray and ct scan revealed two alas in the posterior segment of right lobe of liver, pleural effusion and collapsed consolidation of lungs bilaterally. percutaneous liver abs ...	2015	26522307
activity, stability and folding analysis of the chitinase from entamoeba histolytica.	human amebiasis, caused by the parasitic protozoan entamoeba histolytica, remains as a significant public health issue in developing countries. the life cycle of the parasite compromises two main stages, trophozoite and cyst, linked by two major events: encystation and excystation. interestingly, the cyst stage has a chitin wall that helps the parasite to withstand harsh environmental conditions. since the amebic chitinase, ehcht1, has been recognized as a key player in both encystation and excy ...	2016	26526675
heat shock protein 90 regulates encystation in entamoeba.	enteric protozoan entamoeba histolytica is a major cause of debilitating diarrheal infection worldwide with high morbidity and mortality. even though the clinical burden of this parasite is very high, this infection is categorized as a neglected disease. parasite is transmitted through feco-oral route and exhibit two distinct stages namely - trophozoites and cysts. mechanism and regulation of encystation is not clearly understood. previous studies have established the role of heat shock protein ...	2015	26528271
intestinal parasitic infections among children under five years of age presenting with diarrhoeal diseases to two public health facilities in hawassa, south ethiopia.	diarrhoea is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years of age in developing countries, including ethiopia. it is caused by a wide range of pathogens, including parasites, bacteria and viruses. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of infection with intestinal parasites (ips) (and types) among children under 5 years of age with diarrhoeal diseases.	2015	26530964
dead/dexh-box rna helicases in selected human parasites.	dead/dexh-box rna helicases catalyze the folding and remodeling of rna molecules in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, as well as in many viruses. they are characterized by the presence of the helicase domain with conserved motifs that are essential for atp binding and hydrolysis, rna interaction, and unwinding activities. large families of dead/dexh-box proteins have been described in different organisms, and their role in all molecular processes involving rna, from transcriptional regulation to ...	2015	26537038
is real-time pcr-based diagnosis similar in performance to routine parasitological examination for the identification of giardia intestinalis, cryptosporidium parvum/cryptosporidium hominis and entamoeba histolytica from stool samples? evaluation of a new commercial multiplex pcr assay and literature review.	microscopy is the reference standard for routine laboratory diagnosis in faecal parasitology but there is growing interest in alternative methods to overcome the limitations of microscopic examination, which is time-consuming and highly dependent on an operator's skills and expertise. compared with microscopy, dna detection by pcr is simple and can offer a better turnaround time. however, pcr performances remain difficult to assess as most studies have been conducted on a limited number of posit ...	2016	26548509
enhancing protein capture using a combination of nanoyeast single-chain fragment affinity reagents and alternating current electrohydrodynamic forces.	new high-performance detection technologies and more robust protein capture agents can be combined to both rapidly and specifically capture and detect protein biomarkers associated with disease in complex biological samples. here we demonstrate the use of recently developed recombinant affinity reagents, namely nanoyeast-scfv, in combination with alternating current electrohydrodynamic (ac-ehd)-induced shear forces, to enhance capture performance during protein biomarker analysis. the use of ac- ...	2015	26551436
crystal structure analysis of wild type and fast hydrolyzing mutant of ehrabx3, a tandem ras superfamily gtpase from entamoeba histolytica.	the enteric protozoan parasite, entamoeba histolytica, is the causative agent of amoebic dysentery, liver abscess and colitis in human. vesicular trafficking plays a key role in the survival and virulence of the protozoan and is regulated by various rab gtpases. ehrabx3 is a catalytically inefficient amoebic rab protein, which is unique among the eukaryotic ras superfamily by virtue of its tandem domain organization. here, we report the crystal structures of gdp-bound fast hydrolyzing mutant (v7 ...	2016	26555751
methodology for preservation of yeast-bound single chain fragment variable antibody affinity reagents.	readily accessible affinity reagents are critical to the validation of biomarkers and to the development of new diagnostic tests. as alternatives to monoclonal antibodies, yeast-bound single chain fragment variable antibody (yeast-scfv) can be rapidly selected from yeast display libraries. an important characteristic for any diagnostic reagent is its stability or ability to store it. a lyophilization procedure that has extended the shelf life of yeast-scfv by a factor of ≥10-fold relative to pre ...	2015	26571425
analysis of the bacterial diversity in liver abscess: differences between pyogenic and amebic abscesses.	several recent studies have demonstrated that virulence in entamoeba histolytica is triggered in the presence of both pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria species using in vitro and in vivo experimental animal models. in this study, we examined samples aspirated from abscess material obtained from patients who were clinically diagnosed with amebic liver abscess (ala) or pyogenic liver abscess (pla). to determine the diversity of bacterial species in the abscesses, we performed partial 16s rrna ...	2016	26572872
human parasitic protozoan infection to infertility: a systematic review.	protozoan parasitic diseases are endemic in many countries worldwide, especially in developing countries, where infertility is a major burden. it has been reported that such infections may cause infertility through impairment in male and female reproductive systems. we searched medline, pubmed, and scopus databases and google scholar to identify the potentially relevant studies on protozoan parasitic infections and their implications in human and animal model infertility. literature described th ...	2016	26573517
evaluation of the bd max enteric parasite panel for clinical diagnostics.	we compared the performance of the bd max enteric parasite panel to routine microscopy and an in-house pcr for the detection of giardia intestinalis, entamoeba histolytica, and cryptosporidium spp. the enteric parasite panel showed good specificity for all targets and good sensitivity for e. histolytica and cryptosporidium spp. sensitivity for g. intestinalis with the bd max enteric parasite panel was equivalent to that with microscopy.	2016	26582832
the oxygen reduction pathway and heat shock stress response are both required for entamoeba histolytica pathogenicity.	several species belonging to the genus entamoeba can colonize the mouth or the human gut; however, only entamoeba histolytica is pathogenic to the host, causing the disease amoebiasis. this illness is responsible for one hundred thousand human deaths per year worldwide, affecting mainly underdeveloped countries. throughout its entire life cycle and invasion of human tissues, the parasite is constantly subjected to stress conditions. under in vitro culture, this microaerophilic parasite can toler ...	2016	26589893
novel aryl carbamate derivatives of metronidazole as potential antiamoebic agents.	a series of novel aryl carbamate derivatives of metronidazole (mnz) were designed, synthesized, and screened for antiamoebic activity. as compared to mnz, most of the derivatives exhibited moderate to excellent activity against the hm1:imss strain of entamoeba histolytica. compounds 7, 14, 16, 19, and 21 exhibited the most promising antiamoebic activity with ic50 values of 0.24, 0.08, 0.26, 0.26, and 0.15 μm, respectively, compared to that of mnz (1.78 μm). moreover, from the toxicological studi ...	2016	26597858
risk factors associated with parasitic infection among municipality solid-waste workers in an egyptian community.	solid-waste management is associated with several health hazards, particularly parasitic infection. the objective of the study was to determine the association between risk factors and the occurrence of intestinal parasitic infections (potentially pathogenic) among municipal waste collectors in alexandria, egypt. a cross-sectional survey was conducted in the main municipality company in alexandria. a total of 346 municipality solid-waste workers (mswws) was interviewed using an in-depth question ...	2016	26606452
amoebiasis masquerading as inflammatory bowel disease.	a 60-year-old japanese man presented with bloody diarrhoea. he stated that he had been diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (uc) 3 years prior, but discontinued follow-up care as treatment was ineffective. one year later, he came to our hospital with anorexia and weight loss. the abdomen was soft and flat without tenderness. laboratory tests were unremarkable; faecal culture and clostridium difficile toxin were negative. findings and biopsy from a subsequent colonoscopy reconfirmed his diagnosis of ...	2015	26607188
dispensability of the [4fe-4s] cluster in novel homologues of adenine glycosylase muty.	7,8-dihydro-8-deoxyguanine (8og) is one of the most common oxidative lesions in dna. dna polymerases misincorporate an adenine across from this lesion. thus, 8og is a highly mutagenic lesion responsible for g:c→t:a transversions. muty is an adenine glycosylase, part of the base excision repair pathway that removes adenines, when mispaired with 8og or guanine. its catalytic domain includes a [4fe-4s] cluster motif coordinated by cysteinyl ligands. when this cluster is absent, muty activity is dep ...	2016	26613369
acute amoebic appendicitis: case reports and review of parasitic appendicitis.	amoebic appendicitis is very rare, occurring in about 0.5% to 2% of acute appendicitis, and usually not reported in children. we report a case of confirmed acute amoebic appendicitis complicating amoebic colitis in a 7-year-old pakistani boy living in southern jeddah, saudi arabia, and briefly review the literature on parasitic appendicitis.	2013	26619448
kaempferol inhibits entamoeba histolytica growth by altering cytoskeletal functions.	the flavonoid kaempferol obtained from helianthemum glomeratum, an endemic mexican medicinal herb used to treat gastrointestinal disorders, has been shown to inhibit growth of entamoeba histolytica trophozoites in vitro; however, the mechanisms associated with this activity have not been documented. several works reported that kaempferol affects cytoskeleton in mammalian cells. in order to gain insights into the action mechanisms involved in the anti-amoebic effect of kaempferol, here we evaluat ...	2015	26620675
phenolic acid composition and anti-parasitic effects of four peucedanum species on entamoeba histolytica trophozoites.	the aim of this study was to determine phenolic acid composition and anti-parasitic effects of peucedanum caucasicum, p. palimbioides, p. longibracteolatum and p. chryseum on entamoeba histolytica.	2017	26622297
involvement of a putative intercellular signal-recognizing g protein-coupled receptor in the engulfment of salmonella by the protozoan tetrahymena.	in an effort to investigate the molecular basis of protozoa engulfment-mediated hypervirulence of salmonella in cattle, we evaluated protozoan g protein-coupled receptors (gpcrs) as transducers of salmonella engulfment by the model protozoan tetrahymena. our laboratory previously demonstrated that non-pathogenic protozoa (including tetrahymena) engulf salmonella and then exacerbate its virulence in cattle, but the mechanistic details of the phenomenon are not fully understood. gpcrs were investi ...	2013	26623315
molecular epidemiology of amoebiasis: a cross-sectional study among north east indian population.	epidemiological studies carried out using culture or microscopy in most of the amoebiasis endemic developing countries, yielded confusing results since none of these could differentiate the pathogenic entamoeba histolytica from the non-pathogenic entamoeba dispar and entamoeba moshkovskii. the northeastern part of india is a hot spot of infection since the climatic conditions are most conducive for the infection and so far no systemic study has been carried out in this region.	2015	26633890
the entamoeba histolytica, arp2/3 complex is recruited to phagocytic cups through an atypical kinase ehak1.	the parasite entamoeba histolytica is the etiological agent of amoebiasis and phagocytosis plays a key role in virulence of this organism. signaling pathways involved in activation of cytoskeletal dynamics required for phagocytosis remain to be elucidated. phagocytosis is initiated with sequential recruitment of ehc2pk, ehcabp1, ehcabp3 and an atypical kinase ehak1 after particle attachment. here we show that eharpc1, an essential subunit of the actin branching complex arp 2/3 is recruited to th ...	2015	26646565
children with moderate-high infection with entamoeba coli have higher percentage of body and abdominal fat than non-infected children.	intestinal parasites, virus and bacterial infections are positively associated with obesity and adiposity in vitro and in animal models, but conclusive evidence of this relationship in humans is lacking. the aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine differences in adiposity between infected and non-infected children, with a high prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and obesity.	2016	26663860
diagnostic parameters of serological elisa for invasive amoebiasis, using antigens preserved without enzymatic inhibitors.	amoebiasis is the third cause of death due to parasites in the world. although, numerous serodiagnostic and salivary tests have been developed, the majority of these assays lack sensitivity in endemic zones to detect acute amoebic liver abscess. the two main limiting factors to develop reliable assays are the high levels of anti-amoeba antibodies in populations living in endemic zones, and the proteolysis of amoebic extracts even treated with inhibitors. our group reported a method to preserve a ...	2016	26684288
characterization of a human isolate of tritrichomonas foetus (cattle/swine genotype) infected by a zoonotic opportunistic infection.	tritrichomonas species flagellates (imc strain) were isolated from the biliary tract of an individual who had developed cholecystitis as a complication of acquired agammaglobulinemia. sequence analysis of tritrichomonas sp. (imc clone 2 (cl2)) was performed for several genetic regions including the its1-5.8s rdna-its2 region, the cysteine protease (cp)-1, cp-2 and cp-4 to cp-9 genes, and the cytosolic malate dehydrogenase 1 gene. in addition to comparison of the variable-length dna repeats in th ...	2016	26685985
scrotal abscess, a rare case of extra intestinal amoebiasis.	the majority of amoeba infection are asymptomatic, but clinically intestinal amoebiasis or extra intestinal amoebiasis may result. genital amoebiasis is very rare manifestation of extra intestial amoebiasis, but a case of amoebic scrotal abscess, seen in surabaya. the invasive form of entamoeba histolytica trophozoite was seen in giemsa stained aspirate of the abscess. in case of an abscess bacteria are primarly considered, but the case presented here shows that amoeba can be the cause, although ...	2015	26695210
first report of genitourinary amoebiasis in thailand.	genitourinary amoebiasis is a rare form of kidney and urinary tract infection caused by entamoeba histolytica. here, we describe the first case of unusual infection caused by e. histolytica in bueng kan province, northeast, thailand. a 63-year-old female patient was diagnosed as acute pyelonephritis. e. histotolytica trophozoites were accidentally found in urine collected from a catheter.	2015	26695217
immune evasion mechanisms of entamoeba histolytica: progression to disease.	entamoeba histolytica (eh) is a protozoan parasite that infects 10% of the world's population and results in 100,000 deaths/year from amebic dysentery and/or liver abscess. in most cases, this extracellular parasite colonizes the colon by high affinity binding to muc2 mucin without disease symptoms, whereas in some cases, eh triggers an aggressive inflammatory response upon invasion of the colonic mucosa. the specific host-parasite factors critical for disease pathogenesis are still not well cha ...	2015	26696997
heavy burden of intestinal parasite infections in kalena rongo village, a rural area in south west sumba, eastern part of indonesia: a cross sectional study.	intestinal parasitic infections (ipis) are one of the major public health problems, especially in the rural area of developing countries with low socio-economic status and poor sanitation. the study was aimed to determine the prevalence of ipis among the inhabitants of a rural area in south west sumba, eastern part of indonesia.	2015	26702820
comparison of the anaerocult a and the oil blocking methods for the in vitro cultivation of entamoeba histolytica.	entamoeba histolytica, the causative agent for human amoebiasis, is among the most deadly parasites, accounting for the second highest mortality rate among parasitic diseases. because this parasite dwells in low oxygen tension, for its cultivation, microaerophilic conditions are required to mimick the human gut environment. several methods developed for optimal growth environment are commercially available and some are conventionally modified in-house which include the anaerocult a and oil block ...	2015	26712674
role of the gut microbiota of children in diarrhea due to the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica.	an estimated 1 million children die each year before their fifth birthday from diarrhea. previous population-based surveys of pediatric diarrheal diseases have identified the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica, the etiological agent of amebiasis, as one of the causes of moderate-to-severe diarrhea in sub-saharan africa and south asia.	2016	26712950
comparative analysis of genotypic diversity in entamoeba nuttalli isolates from tibetan macaques and rhesus macaques in china.	we have recently demonstrated the potentially virulent species entamoeba nuttalli as one of the highly prevalent parasites in rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) in mount long-hu and gui-yang in china. tibetan macaque (macaca thibetana) is a unique species living in china. to evaluate the prevalence of entamoeba species in wild tibetan macaques, we obtained 89 stool samples in mount e-mei of si-chuan province in china. pcr analysis detected e. nuttalli, entamoeba coli, and entamoeba polecki st2 in ...	2016	26723919
resveratrol induces apoptosis-like death and prevents in vitro and in vivo virulence of entamoeba histolytica.	entamoeba histolytica causes amoebiasis, an infection that kills 100,000 individuals each year. metronidazole and its derivatives are currently used against this protozoan, but these drugs present adverse effects on human health. here, we investigated the effect of resveratrol (a natural compound) on e. histolytica trophozoites viability, as well as its influence on the parasite virulence. trophozoites growth was arrested by 72 μm resveratrol and the ic50 was determined as 220 μm at 48 h. cells ...	2016	26731663
proteomic identification of oxidized proteins in entamoeba histolytica by resin-assisted capture: insights into the role of arginase in resistance to oxidative stress.	entamoeba histolytica is an obligate protozoan parasite of humans, and amebiasis, an infectious disease which targets the intestine and/or liver, is the second most common cause of human death due to a protozoan after malaria. although amebiasis is usually asymptomatic, e. histolytica has potent pathogenic potential. during host infection, the parasite is exposed to reactive oxygen species that are produced and released by cells of the innate immune system at the site of infection. the ability o ...	2016	26735309
autophosphorylation at thr279 of entamoeba histolytica atypical kinase ehak1 is required for activity and regulation of erythrophagocytosis.	phagocytosis plays a key role in survival and pathogenicity of entamoeba histolytica. we have recently demonstrated that an atypical kinase ehak1 is involved in phagocytosis in this parasite. it is recruited to the phagocytic cups through interaction with ehcabp1. ehak1 manipulates actin dynamics by multiple mechanisms including phosphorylation of g-actin. biochemical analysis showed that ehak1 is a serine/threonine kinase with broad ion specificity and undergoes multiple trans-autophosphorylati ...	2016	26739245
human parasites in the roman world: health consequences of conquering an empire.	the archaeological evidence for parasites in the roman era is presented in order to demonstrate the species present at that time, and highlight the health consequences for people living under roman rule. despite their large multi-seat public latrines with washing facilities, sewer systems, sanitation legislation, fountains and piped drinking water from aqueducts, we see the widespread presence of whipworm (trichuris trichiura), roundworm (ascaris lumbricoides) and entamoeba histolytica that caus ...	2017	26741568
technical advances in trigger-induced rna interference gene silencing in the parasite entamoeba histolytica.	entamoeba histolytica has a robust endogenous rna interference (rnai) pathway. there are abundant 27 nucleotide (nt) anti-sense small rnas (as srnas) that target genes for silencing and the genome encodes many genes involved in the rnai pathway such as argonaute proteins. importantly, an e. histolytica gene with numerous as srnas can function as a "trigger" to induce silencing of a gene that is fused to the trigger. thus, the amebic rnai pathway regulates gene expression relevant to amebic biolo ...	2016	26747561
structure of methionine γ-lyase from clostridium sporogenes.	methionine γ-lyase (mgl) is a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the γ-elimination reaction of l-methionine. the enzyme is a promising target for therapeutic intervention in some anaerobic pathogens and has attracted interest as a potential cancer treatment. the crystal structure of mgl from clostridium sporogenes has been determined at 2.37 å resolution. the fold of the protein is similar to those of homologous enzymes from citrobacter freundii, entamoeba histolytica, pseudo ...	2016	26750487
[intestinal parasitosis among non-permanent resident students in tunisia: a review of 23 years of monitoring in the department of parasitology-mycology at the rabta hospital of tunisia].	in order to fight digestive parasitism in tunisia, a national program of surveillance of non-permanent resident students in tunisia has been found to detect these parasitosis in this target population.	2015	26757499
etiology of diarrhea in children younger than 5 years attending the bengo general hospital in angola.	diarrheal disease is among the leading causes of death in children younger than 5 years, especially in developing countries. the aim of this study was to investigate the most frequent etiological agents of diarrhea and its associated factors in children younger than 5 years attending the bengo general hospital in angola.	2016	26761347
identification of repressive and active epigenetic marks and nuclear bodies in entamoeba histolytica.	in human hosts, entamoeba histolytica cysts can develop into trophozoites, suggesting that the life cycle of this parasite are regulated by changes in gene expression. to date, some evidence has suggested that epigenetic mechanisms such as dna methylation and histone modification are involved in the regulation of gene expression in entamoeba. some post-translational modifications (ptms) at the n-terminus of e. histolytica's histones have been reported experimentally, including tri-methylation in ...	2016	26767976
household and personal factors are sources of heterogenity in intestinal parasite clearance among mexican children 6-15 months of age supplemented with vitamin a and zinc.	a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was carried out among mexico children aged 6-15 months to determine how household characteristics modify vitamin a and zinc supplementation efficacy on ascaris lumbricoides, giardia intestinalis and entamoeba histolytica/e. dispar infection durations. children assigned to receive vitamin a every 2 months, a daily zinc supplement, a combined vitamin a-zinc supplement or a placebo were followed for 1 year. parametric hazard models were fit to in ...	2016	26772449
entamoeba thiol-based redox metabolism: a potential target for drug development.	amebiasis is an intestinal infection widespread throughout the world caused by the human pathogen entamoeba histolytica. metronidazole has been a drug of choice against amebiasis for decades despite its low efficacy against asymptomatic cyst carriers and emergence of resistance in other protozoa with similar anaerobic metabolism. therefore, identification and characterization of specific targets is urgently needed to design new therapeutics for improved treatment against amebiasis. toward this g ...	2016	26775086
development of rna interference trigger-mediated gene silencing in entamoeba invadens.	entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is an important human pathogen and a leading parasitic cause of death. the organism has two life cycle stages, trophozoites, which are responsible for tissue invasion, and cysts, which are involved in pathogen transmission. entamoeba invadens is the model system to study entamoeba developmental biology, as high-grade regulated encystation and excystation are readily achievable. however, the lack of gene-silencing tools in e. invadens has limited the m ...	2016	26787723
screening and discovery of lineage-specific mitosomal membrane proteins in entamoeba histolytica.	entamoeba histolytica, an anaerobic intestinal parasite causing dysentery and extra-intestinal abscesses in humans, possesses highly reduced and divergent mitochondrion-related organelles (mros) called mitosomes. this organelle lacks many features associated with canonical aerobic mitochondria and even other mros such as hydrogenosomes. the entamoeba mitosome has been found to have a compartmentalized sulfate activation pathway, which was recently implicated to have a role in amebic stage conver ...	2016	26792249
multinucleation and polykaryon formation is promoted by the ehpc4 transcription factor in entamoeba histolytica.	entamoeba histolytica is the intestinal parasite responsible for human amoebiasis that is a leading cause of death in developing countries. in this protozoan, heterogeneity in dna content, polyploidy and genome plasticity have been associated to alterations in mechanisms controlling dna replication and cell division. studying the function of the transcription factor ehpc4, we unexpectedly found that it is functionally related to dna replication, and multinucleation. site-directed mutagenesis on ...	2016	26792358
solution structure of the calmodulin-like c-terminal domain of entamoeba α-actinin2.	cell motility is dependent on a dynamic meshwork of actin filaments that is remodelled continuously. a large number of associated proteins that are severs, cross-links, or caps the filament ends have been identified and the actin cross-linker α-actinin has been implied in several important cellular processes. in entamoeba histolytica, the etiological agent of human amoebiasis, α-actinin is believed to be required for infection. to better understand the role of α-actinin in the infectious process ...	2016	26800385
endoplasmic reticulum-resident rab8a gtpase is involved in phagocytosis in the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica.	phagocytosis is indispensable for the pathogenesis of the intestinal protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica. here, we showed that in e. histolytica rab8a, which is generally involved in trafficking from the trans-golgi network to the plasma membrane in other organisms but was previously identified in phagosomes of the amoeba in the proteomic analysis, primarily resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (er) and participates in phagocytosis. we demonstrated that down-regulation of ehrab8a by small a ...	2016	26807810
il-23 prevents il-13-dependent tissue repair associated with ly6c(lo) monocytes in entamoeba histolytica-induced liver damage.	the il-23/il-17 axis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and the pathological consequences of infection. we previously showed that immunopathologic mechanisms mediated by inflammatory monocytes underlie the severe focal liver damage induced by the protozoan parasite, entamoeba histolytica. here, we analyze the contribution of the il-23/il-17 axis to the induction and subsequent recovery from parasite-induced liver damage.	2016	26809113
knockdown of five genes encoding uncharacterized proteins inhibits entamoeba histolytica phagocytosis of dead host cells.	entamoeba histolytica is the protozoan parasite that causes invasive amebiasis, which is endemic to many developing countries and characterized by dysentery and liver abscesses. the virulence of e. histolytica correlates with the degree of host cell engulfment, or phagocytosis, and e. histolytica phagocytosis alters amebic gene expression in a feed-forward manner that results in an increased phagocytic ability. here, we used a streamlined rna interference screen to silence the expression of 15 g ...	2016	26810036
multi-parallel qpcr provides increased sensitivity and diagnostic breadth for gastrointestinal parasites of humans: field-based inferences on the impact of mass deworming.	although chronic morbidity in humans from soil transmitted helminth (sth) infections can be reduced by anthelmintic treatment, inconsistent diagnostic tools make it difficult to reliably measure the impact of deworming programs and often miss light helminth infections.	2016	26813411
application of a multiplex quantitative pcr to assess prevalence and intensity of intestinal parasite infections in a controlled clinical trial.	accurate quantitative assessment of infection with soil transmitted helminths and protozoa is key to the interpretation of epidemiologic studies of these parasites, as well as for monitoring large scale treatment efficacy and effectiveness studies. as morbidity and transmission of helminth infections are directly related to both the prevalence and intensity of infection, there is particular need for improved techniques for assessment of infection intensity for both purposes. the current study ai ...	2016	26820626
evaluation of the c-terminal fragment of entamoeba histolytica gal/galnac lectin intermediate subunit as a vaccine candidate against amebic liver abscess.	entamoeba histolytica is an intestinal protozoan parasite that causes amoebiasis, including amebic dysentery and liver abscesses. e. histolytica invades host tissues by adhering onto cells and phagocytosing them depending on the adaptation and expression of pathogenic factors, including gal/galnac lectin. we have previously reported that e. histolytica possesses multiple cxxc sequence motifs, with the intermediate subunit of gal/galnac lectin (i.e., igl) as a key factor affecting the amoeba's pa ...	2016	26824828
prevalence and factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections among food handlers of southern ethiopia: cross sectional study.	globally about one third of the total population is estimated to be infected with intestinal parasites, of which, the majority are people living in tropical and sub-tropical parts of the world. cases of intestinal parasitosis are also highly abundant in ethiopia and hence the aim of present study was to assess prevalence and predictors of intestinal parasitic infections among food handlers working in arba minch university students' cafeteria, south ethiopia.	2016	26831331
molecular prevalence of entamoeba histolytica/dispar infection among patients attending four health centres in north-west ethiopia.	the prevalence of amoebiasis is often overestimated owing to its epidemiological overlap with the non-pathogenic entamoeba dispar to provide evidence for this conjecture, a cross-sectional study was conducted from november 2013 to january 2015. a range of 180-200 µg of semi-solid and formed stools and 200 µl of diarrhoeic stool samples were used for dna extraction from microscopically e. histolytica/dispar positive samples using the qiaamp® dna stool mini kit according to manufacturers' instruct ...	2017	26834117
protozoan parasites.	• stool antigen detection for cryptosporidium sp, giardia lamblia and entamoeba histolytica are now commercially available, have better sensitivity and specificity than the traditional stool microscopy, and are less dependent on personnel skill. tests employing newer techniques with faster turnaround time are also available for diagnosing trichomoniasis.• nitazoxanide, the only u.s. food and drug administration-approved medication for therapy of cryptosporidiosis, is effective among immunocompet ...	2016	26834225
frequency and molecular characterisation of entamoeba histolytica, entamoeba dispar, entamoeba moshkovskii, and entamoeba hartmanni in the context of water scarcity in northeastern brazil.	this study aimed to estimate the frequency, associated factors, and molecular characterisation of entamoeba histolytica, entamoeba dispar, entamoeba moshkovskii, andentamoeba hartmanni infections. we performed a survey (n = 213 subjects) to obtain parasitological, sanitation, and sociodemographic data. faecal samples were processed through flotation and centrifugation methods.e. histolytica, e. dispar, e. moshkovskii, and e. hartmanni were identified by nested-polymerase chain reaction (pcr). th ...	2016	26841049
marked seasonality of cyclospora cayetanensis infections: ten-year observation of hospital cases, honduras.	document seasonality occurrence and epidemiologic characteristics of cyclospora cayetanensis infections during a 10-year period from patients consulting at the university hospital, honduras.	2016	26847438
prevalence of intestinal parasite infections among patients in local public hospitals of hail, northwestern saudi arabia.	to evaluate the prevalence of intestinal parasites among patients in hail, northwestern saudi arabia.	2016	26851785
intracellular traffic of the lysine and glutamic acid rich protein kerp1 reveals features of endomembrane organization in entamoeba histolytica.	the development of amoebiasis is influenced by the expression of the lysine and glutamic acid rich protein 1 (kerp1), a virulence factor involved in entamoeba histolytica adherence to human cells. up to date, it is unknown how the protein transits the parasite cytoplasm towards the plasma membrane, specially because this organism lacks a well-defined endoplasmic reticulum (er) and golgi apparatus. in this work we demonstrate that kerp1 is present at the cell surface and in intracellular vesicles ...	2016	26857352
first report of entamoeba histolytica infection from timor-leste--acute amoebic colitis and concurrent late development of amoebic liver abscess in returned travellers to australia.	this communication reports invasive amoebic colitis and late onset amoebic liver abscess in three members of a group of 12 australian travellers to timor-leste (tl). this is the first report of entamoeba histolytica infection from tl. clinicians in australia need to consider amoebiasis in the differential diagnosis in travellers returning with colitis, abdominal pain and fever. presentation with amoebic liver abscess months after exposure is rare but should be suspected in symptomatic individual ...	2016	26858275
heterodimerization of the entamoeba histolytica ehcpadh virulence complex through molecular dynamics and protein-protein docking.	ehcpadh is a protein complex involved in the virulence of entamoeba histolytica, the protozoan responsible for human amebiasis. it is formed by the ehcp112 cysteine protease and the ehadh adhesin. to explore the molecular basis of the complex formation, three-dimensional models were built for both proteins and molecular dynamics simulations (mds) and docking calculations were performed. results predicted that the pehcp112 proenzyme and the mehcp112 mature enzyme were globular and peripheral memb ...	2017	26861050
human liver infection in a dish: easy-to-build 3d liver models for studying microbial infection.	human liver infection is a major cause of death worldwide, but fundamental studies on infectious diseases affecting humans have been hampered by the lack of robust experimental models that accurately reproduce pathogen-host interactions in an environment relevant for the human disease. in the case of liver infection, one consequence of this absence of relevant models is a lack of understanding of how pathogens cross the sinusoidal endothelial barrier and parenchyma. to fill that gap we elaborate ...	2016	26863526
x-ray structures of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase from entamoeba histolytica and prevailing hypothesis of the mechanism of auranofin action.	the anti-arthritic gold-containing drug auranofin is lethal to the protozoan intestinal parasite entamoeba histolytica, the causative agent of human amebiasis, in both culture and animal models of the disease. a putative mechanism of auranofin action proposes that monovalent gold, au(i), released from the drug, can bind to the redox-active dithiol group of thioredoxin reductase (trxr). au(i) binding in the active site is expected to prevent electron transfer to the downstream substrate thioredox ...	2016	26876147
intestinal parasitic infections among mentally handicapped individuals in alexandria, egypt.	this cross-sectional study was carried to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among mentally handicapped individuals in alexandria, egypt, in the period from december 2012 till november 2013. the study was conducted on 200 institutionalized and non-institutionalized mentally handicapped individuals. fresh stool samples were subjected to different stains including; trichrome for detecting intestinal protozoa, modified acid fast stain for intestinal coccidia and quick hot g ...	2015	26878626
a review of the proposed role of neutrophils in rodent amebic liver abscess models.	host invasion by entamoeba histolytica, the pathogenic agent of amebiasis, can lead to the development of amebic liver abscess (ala). due to the difficulty of exploring host and amebic factors involved in the pathogenesis of ala in humans, most studies have been conducted with animal models (e.g., mice, gerbils, and hamsters). histopathological findings reveal that the chronic phase of ala in humans corresponds to lytic or liquefactive necrosis, whereas in rodent models there is granulomatous in ...	2016	26880421
the cytokine profile of human nkt cells and pbmcs is dependent on donor sex and stimulus.	sex-related variations in natural killer t (nkt) cells may influence immunoregulation and outcome of infectious and autoimmune diseases. we analyzed sex-specific differences in peripheral blood nkts and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) from men and women and determined the frequencies of nkt cells and their subpopulations [cd4(+); cd8(+); double negative (dn)] and the levels of cytokine production following stimulation with the nkt cell ligands α-galactosylceramide (αgalcer) and entamo ...	2016	26895635
roles of acetyl-coa synthetase (adp-forming) and acetate kinase (ppi-forming) in atp and ppi supply in entamoeba histolytica.	acetate is an end-product of the ppi-dependent fermentative glycolysis in entamoeba histolytica; it is synthesized from acetyl-coa by adp-forming acetyl-coa synthetase (acs) with net atp synthesis or from acetyl-phosphate by a unique ppi-forming acetate kinase (ack). the relevance of these enzymes to the parasite atp and ppi supply, respectively, are analyzed here.	2016	26922831
molecular identification of entamoeba species in savanna woodland chimpanzees (pan troglodytes schweinfurthii).	to address the molecular diversity and occurrence of pathogenic species of the genus entamoeba spp. in wild non-human primates (nhp) we conducted molecular-phylogenetic analyses on entamoeba from wild chimpanzees living in the issa valley, tanzania. we compared the sensitivity of molecular [using a genus-specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr)] and coproscopic detection (merthiolate-iodine-formaldehyde concentration) of entamoeba spp. we identified entamoeba spp. in 72 chimpanzee fecal samples ...	2016	26935395
risk of intestinal parasitic infections in people with different exposures to wastewater and fecal sludge in kampala, uganda: a cross-sectional study.	there are health risks associated with wastewater and fecal sludge management and use, but little is known about the magnitude, particularly in rapidly growing urban settings of low- and middle-income countries. we assessed the point-prevalence and risk factors of intestinal parasite infections in people with different exposures to wastewater and fecal sludge in kampala, uganda.	2016	26938060
antiparasitic activity of silver and copper oxide nanoparticles against entamoeba histolytica and cryptosporidium parvum cysts.	nanoparticles (nps) have received more attention as antiparasitic agents. in the present study, silver and copper nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (sem), transmission electron microscope (tem) and x-ray fluorescence (xrf). the antiparasitic activity of ag and cuo nanoparticles were tested against two of the most environmentally spread parasites in egypt (entamoeba histolytica and cryptosporidium parvum). the average sizes of synthesized ag nps a ...	2015	26939237
identification of ehtif-ia: the putative e. histolytica orthologue of the human ribosomal rna transcription initiation factor-ia.	initiation of rdna transcription requires the assembly of a specific multi-protein complex at the rdna promoter containing the rna pol i with auxiliary factors. one of these factors is known as rrn3p in yeast and transcription initiation factor ia (tif-ia) in mammals. rrn3p/tif-ia serves as a bridge between rna pol i and the pre-initiation complex at the promoter. it is phosphorylated at multiple sites and is involved in regulation of rdna transcription in a growth-dependent manner. in the early ...	2016	26949087
surveillance for parasites in unaccompanied minor refugees migrating to germany in 2015.	in 2015, most of the refugees arriving in germany originated from countries with poor hygienic and sanitary conditions. stool samples of 1,230 minor refugees unaccompanied by adults were investigated for possible parasites. giardia lamblia was by far the most frequently detected parasite (n=165); all other parasites were considerably less frequent and encountered in the following order: hymenolepis nana (n=23), entamoeba histolytica (n=17), trichuris trichiura (n=8), and blastocystis hominis (n= ...	2016	26958459
discordances between serology and culture for strongyloides in an ethiopian adopted child with multiple parasitic infections: a case report.	infectious diseases screening of international adoptees is complex because of the concurrence of different pathogens in a child at same time. we describe an international adopted child born at ethiopia infected by 5 different pathogens (hymenolepis nana, giardia intestinalis, entamoeba histolytica, strongyloides stercoralis, and trichuris trichiura), 2 of them s. stercoralis and e. histolytica with a capacity to develop severe clinical complications if not detected promptly with appropriate diag ...	2016	26962825
parasitic contamination of fresh vegetables sold at central markets in khartoum state, sudan.	fresh vegetables are considered as vital nutrients of a healthy diet as they supply the body with essential supplements. the consumption of raw vegetables is the main way for transmission of intestinal parasitic organisms. this study was aimed at detecting the parasitic contamination in fresh vegetables sold in two central open-aired markets in khartoum state, sudan.	2016	26968696
infection strategies of intestinal parasite pathogens and host cell responses.	giardia lamblia, cryptosporidium sp., and entamoeba histolytica are important pathogenic intestinal parasites and are amongst the leading causes worldwide of diarrheal illness in humans. diseases caused by these organisms, giardiasis, cryptosporidiosis, and amoebiasis, respectively, are characterized by self-limited diarrhea but can evolve to long-term complications. the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of diarrhea associated with these three pathogens are being unra ...	2016	26973630
epidemiology of domestically acquired amebiasis in japan, 2000-2013.	notifications of amebiasis have been increasing in japan. using national surveillance data during 2000-2013, reported cases of amebiasis were analyzed. a case of amebiasis was defined as laboratory-confirmed entamoeba histolytica infection, regardless of presence of symptoms. we described temporal trends and analyzed correlates of asymptomatic versus symptomatic cases based on odds ratios (ors) and 95% confidence intervals (cis) using logistic regression. of 9,946 cases reported during 2000-2013 ...	2016	26976888
gut microbiome diversity in acute infective and chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases in north india.	the disease profile in the indian population provides a unique opportunity for studying the host microbiome interaction in both infectious (amebiasis) and autoimmune diseases like inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) from a similar environment and genetic background. analysis of fecal samples from untreated amebic liver abscess (ala) patients, entamoeba histolytica (eh)-negative and -positive asymptomatic individuals, and pus samples from naive ala patients revealed a significant reduction in lactob ...	2016	26994772
comparison of nested-multiplex, taqman & sybr green real-time pcr in diagnosis of amoebic liver abscess in a tertiary health care institute in india.	amoebiasis is a common parasitic infection caused by entamoeba histolytica and amoebic liver abscess (ala) is the most common extraintestinal manifestation of amoebiasis. the aim of this study was to standardise real-time pcr assays (taqman and sybr green) to detect e. histolytica from liver abscess pus and stool samples and compare its results with nested-multiplex pcr.	2016	26997014
seroprevalence of entamoeba histolytica from a tertiary care hospital, south india.	amebiasis is the third leading cause of death after malaria and schistosomiasis. diagnosis is based on microscopy, culture, isoenzyme analysis, and serology-based techniques. in resource-limited nation such as india where polymerase chain reaction cannot be employed, serology is considered to be the reliable diagnostic tool. to find the seroprevalence of entamoeba histolytica igg antibody by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) among the liver abscess cases and healthy controls.	2017	26998437
biophysical studies on calcium and carbohydrate binding to carbohydrate recognition domain of gal/galnac lectin from entamoeba histolytica: insights into host cell adhesion.	entamoeba histolytica, an enteric parasite expresses a gal/galnac-specific lectin that contributes to its virulence by establishing adhesion to host cell. in this study, carbohydrate recognition domain of hgl (ehcrd) was purified and biophysical studies were conducted to understand the thermodynamic basis of its binding to carbohydrate and ca(++) here, we show that carbohydrate recognition domain (crd) of the lectin binds to calcium through dpn motif. to decipher the role of calcium in carbohydr ...	2016	27008865
data on docking and dynamics simulation of entamoeba histolytica ehadh (an alix protein) and lysobisphosphatidic acid.	entamoeba histolytica is the protozoan agent responsible for human amoebiasis. trophozoites are highly phagocytic cells and the lysobisphosphatidic acid (lbpa) is involved in endocytosis. lbpa interacts with ehadh protein (an alix family member) also participating in phagocytosis, as it is referred in the research article identification of the phospholipid lysobisphosphatidic acid in the protozoan entamoeba histolytica: an active molecule in endocytosis (castellanos-castro et al., 2016) [1]. to ...	2016	27014730
[a case of peristomal cutaneous ulcer following amebic colitis caused by entamoeba histolytica].	a 66-year-old japanese male with a history of a rectal ulcer and rectovesical fistula following brachytherapy and radiotherapy for prostate cancer, who had undergone colostomy and vesicotomy presented with a painful peristomal ulcer of approximately 5 x 2.5cm adjacent to the direction of 6 o'clock of the stoma in his left lower abdomen. although he was admitted to be treated with intravenous antibiotics and topical debridement, the ulcer was rapidly increasing. in the laboratory findings, wbc wa ...	2016	27032177
identification and functional characterization of lysine methyltransferases of entamoeba histolytica.	lysine methylation of histones, a posttranslational modification catalyzed by lysine methyltransferases (hkmts), plays an important role in the epigenetic regulation of transcription. lysine methylation of non-histone proteins also impacts the biological function of proteins. previously it has been shown that lysine methylation of histones of entamoeba histolytica, the protozoan parasite that infects 50 million people worldwide each year and causing up to 100,000 deaths annually, is implicated i ...	2016	27062489
cellular gene expression induced by parasite antigens and allergens in neonates from parasite-infected mothers.	prenatal exposure to parasite antigens or allergens will influence the profile and strength of postnatal immune responses, such contact may tolerize and increase susceptibility to future infections or sensitize to environmental allergens. exposure in utero to parasite antigens will distinctly alter cellular gene expression in newborns. gene microarrays were applied to study gene expression in umbilical cord blood cell (ucbc) from parasite-exposed (para-pos) and non-exposed (para-neg) neonates. u ...	2016	27062712
balantidium coli liver abscess: first case report from india.	protozoal infections are common in the tropics. amoebic colitis is the commonest of these infections and can lead to liver abscess as a complication. balantidium coli is a rare free moving protozoal parasite which is known to infest human large intestine causing a type of colitis very similar to that caused by entamoeba histolytica. however this pathogen is not known to cause liver invasion in humans. we report here a case of liver abscess caused by b. coli, which is probably the first such case ...	2016	27065613
entamoeba histolytica cysteine proteinase 5 evokes mucin exocytosis from colonic goblet cells via αvβ3 integrin.	critical to the pathogenesis of intestinal amebiasis, entamoeba histolytica (eh) induces mucus hypersecretion and degrades the colonic mucus layer at the site of invasion. the parasite component(s) responsible for hypersecretion are poorly defined, as are regulators of mucin secretion within the host. in this study, we have identified the key virulence factor in live eh that elicits the fast release of mucin by goblets cells as cysteine protease 5 (ehcp5) whereas, modest mucus secretion occurred ...	2016	27073869
mouse models of amoebiasis and culture methods of amoeba.	entamoeba histolytica is the third leading parasitic cause of man mortality in the world. infection occurs via ingestion of food or water contaminated with cysts of e. histolytica. amoebae primarily colonize the intestine. the majority of amoebic infections are asymptomatic, but under some conditions, approximately 4-10% of infections progress to the invasive form of the disease. to better understand the pathogenesis of amoebiasis and the interaction between amoebae and their hosts, the developm ...	2016	27080249
[investigation on entamoeba histolytica infection in diarrhea patients from general hospitals in shanghai city].	to understand the status of entamoeba histolytica infection in diarrhea patients in general hospitals, so as to provide the evidences for the prevention and control of the disease.	2015	27097477
trends in prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth and major intestinal protozoan infections among school-aged children in nepal.	to assess the trends in prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths (sths), entamoeba histolytica and giardia lamblia among school-aged children in nepal between 1990 and 2015.	2016	27097973
cryptosporidium parvum among coprolites from la cueva de los muertos chiquitos (600-800 ce), rio zape valley, durango, mexico.	: in the present study, 90 coprolites from la cueva de los muertos chiquitos (cmc) were subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) tests for 3 diarrhea-inducing protozoan parasites, entamoeba histolytica , giardia duodenalis , and cryptosporidium parvum , to determine whether these parasites were present among the people who utilized this cave 1,200-1,400 yr ago. these people, the loma san gabriel, developed as a culture out of the archaic los caracoles population and lived througho ...	2016	27098916
prevalence of dientamoeba fragilis, giardia duodenalis, entamoeba histolytica/dispar, and cryptosporidium spp in da nang, vietnam, detected by a multiplex real-time pcr.	we surveyed the prevalence of dientamoeba fragilis, giardia duodenalis, entamoeba histolytica, entamoeba dispar, and cryptosporidium spp in individuals with and without gastrointestinal (gi) symptoms residing in and around da nang city, vietnam. fecal samples were collected from children (n = 100) and adults (n = 80) with gi symptoms and from healthy individuals (n = 88) reporting no gi symptoms. parasite detection was performed by multiplex real-time pcr. overall, except for g. duodenalis, we f ...	2016	27102222
a new nucleocytoplasmic rhogap protein contributes to control the pathogenicity of entamoeba histolytica by regulating ehracc and ehracd activity.	small gtpases are signalling molecules that regulate important cellular processes. gtpases are deactivated by gtpase-activating proteins (gaps). while human gaps have been intensively studied, no gap has yet been characterized in entamoeba histolytica. in this study, we identified and characterized a novel nucleocytoplasmic rhogap in e. histolytica termed ehrhogapnc. in silico analyses of the domain structure revealed a previously undescribed peptide region within the carboxy-terminal region of ...	2016	27107405
evolution of the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis in the region of tunis from 1996 at 2012.	the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis is very different according to countries. therefore, it is always interesting to update the data in tunisia to better direct control measures.	2015	27126425
archaeological occurrences and historical review of the human amoeba, entamoeba histolytica, over the past 6000years.	understanding parasite history and the evolution of host/parasite relationships is one of the most important aspects of paleoparasitology. within the framework of this research topic, this paper focuses on the human pathogenic amoeba, entamoeba histolytica. the compilation of all the available archaeological data concerning this parasite leads to a first glimpse of the history of this parasite of current medical importance. paleoparasitological investigation into this parasite uses immunological ...	2016	27130884