Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| comparative analysis of mitochondrial dna datasets indicates that toxascaris leonina represents a species complex. | toxascaris leonina is one of the most common intestinal parasites of canids and felids. in this study, we characterised the entire mitochondrial (mt) genome sequence of t. leonina from the cheetah and compared it with that of t. leonina from the dog. | 2019 | 31046831 |
| a retrospective study of reported disorders of the oral cavity in large felids in australian zoos. | disorders of the oral cavity are conditions reported by veterinarians that impact the health and welfare of large felids in human care. there have been no studies documenting the prevalence of these conditions and species affected in australian zoos. a review of the medical records of lions (panthera leo), tigers (panthera tigris), cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus), jaguars (puma onca), snow leopards (panthera uncia), persian leopards (panthera pardus saxicolor), and cougars (puma concolor) from 10 au ... | 2019 | 31120658 |
| a contribution to age determination of cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) based on radiographic analysis of the skull and postcranial morphology. | the aim of this retrospective cross-sectional study was to present comprehensive information about the age-dependent change of skeletal characteristics in captive cheetahs with known age and to assess the benefit of these variables for age estimation in this species. radiographs of 162 known-age captive and semi-captive cheetahs were retrospectively examined and age-related changes of skull, axial and appendicular skeletal systems were documented. metric and non-metric variables were used. these ... | 2019 | 31185038 |
| locomotor correlates of the scapholunar of living and extinct carnivorans. | the relationship of carpal morphology to ecology and habitat is under studied in carnivorans and more generally in mammals. here, we use 3d-scanning techniques to assess the usefulness of a carpal bone, the scapholunar, in carnivorans to reflect ecology and habitat, and to reconstruct the ecology of five extinct carnivorans from two fossil sites: rancho la brea and natural trap cave. we 3d-scanned scapholunars and measured articular surface areas and angles between articular facets using geomagi ... | 2019 | 31188504 |
| corrigendum to 'evaluation of butorphanol-azaperonemedetomidine in captive cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) immobilization' [vet anaesth analg 46 (2019) 90-95]. | 2019 | 31201058 | |
| phylogenetic analysis of ha and na genes of influenza h1n1 viruses from 1918 to 2017. | the 1918 "spanish" pandemic is the earliest known influenza h1n1 virus. since then h1n1 viruses circulated between humans and animals continuously. with the increased amount of samples of h1n1 viruses and technology development, researchers have been studying how the viruses evolved. here, we analyzed ha and na genes of h1n1 viruses from three aspects: host distribution, geographical distribution and phylogenetic analysis. the data showed hosts were predominantly human, swine and poultry, and ot ... | 2019 | 31230448 |
| responsiveness of the cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) ovary to exogenous gonadotropins after preemptive oral progestin treatment. | control of ovarian function in cheetahs is sub-optimal, which currently limits the integration of assisted reproductive techniques into the genetic management of that endangered species. the objective of this study was to determine the effect of preemptive progestin treatment on the quality of ovarian responses after exogenous gonadotropin stimulation in cheetahs. adult females received either 1) 200 iu equine chorionic gonadotropin (ecg) followed with 3,000 iu porcine luteinizing hormone (plh) ... | 2019 | 31284220 |
| test-retest reliability of non-invasive cardiac output measurement during exercise in healthy volunteers in daily clinical routine. | thoracic bioreactance (tb), a noninvasive method for the measurement of cardiac output (co), shows good test-retest reliability in healthy adults examined under research and resting conditions. | 2019 | 31291418 |
| bridging the divide between scientists and decision-makers: how behavioural ecologists can increase the conservation impact of their research? | effective conservation management is underpinned by science. yet, there are often barriers against the incorporation of up-to-date scientific research into decision-making and policy. here, we draw on experience from a multi-nation approach to conserve cheetah and african wild dogs across africa, using relationships between scientists and managers established over more than a decade, to better understand scientific information needs of managers. while our analysis focuses on africa, many of our ... | 2019 | 31352894 |
| a veterinary survey of factors associated with capture-related mortalities in cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus). | the objective of this study was to gain better insight into factors associated with the capture-related mortality rate in cheetahs. a link to an online questionnaire was sent to zoo and wildlife veterinarians through the species survival plan programme and european endangered species programme coordinators and via the 'wildlife vetnet' google group forum. the questionnaire consisted of 50 questions relating to the veterinarians' country of residence and experience, the medicine combinations used ... | 2019 | 31368316 |
| longitudinal radiographic study of cranial bone growth in young cheetah. | focal palatitis (also known as focal palatine erosion) is thought to be a developmental disease, specifically of cheetah in captivity raised on a commercial diet. the lack of chewing is thought to cause the mandibular molar to change angulation, contacting the palate and causing the lesions. we followed the development of five captive cheetah cubs, born within 2 weeks of each other, at the same facility. this longitudinal study followed the cubs cephalometrically from 7-months-old to 25-months-o ... | 2019 | 31417919 |
| the effect of symbolic meaning of speed on time to contact. | the effects of moving task-irrelevant objects on time-to-contact (ttc) judgments are examined in six experiments. in particular, we investigated the effects of the symbolic meaning of speed on ttc by presenting images of objects recalling the symbolic meaning of high speed (motorbike, rocket, formula one, rabbit, cheetah and flying superman) and low speed (bicycle, hot-air balloon, tank, turtle, elephant and static superman). in all experiments, participants judged the ttc of these moving object ... | 2019 | 31445425 |
| context dependency of top-down, bottom-up and density-dependent influences on cheetah demography. | research on drivers of demographic rates has mostly focused on top predators and their prey, and comparatively less research has considered the drivers of mesopredator demography. of those limited studies, most focused on top-down effects of apex predators on mesopredator population dynamics, whereas studies investigating alternative mechanisms are less common. in this study, we tested hypotheses related to top-down, bottom-up and density-dependent regulation of demographic rates in an imperille ... | 2020 | 31469173 |
| acute bradycardia associated with positional change in a hyperkalaemic cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). | 2019 | 31521515 | |
| precision and consistency of the passive leg raising maneuver for determining fluid responsiveness with bioreactance non-invasive cardiac output monitoring in critically ill patients and healthy volunteers. | the passive leg raising (plr) maneuver has become standard practice in fluid resuscitation. we aim to investigate the precision and consistency of the plr for determining fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients and healthy volunteers using bioreactance non-invasive cardiac output monitoring (nicom™, cheetah medical, inc., newton center, massachusetts, usa). | 2019 | 31560711 |
| ward-based goal-directed fluid therapy (gdft) in acute pancreatitis (gap) trial: study protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial. | acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas with high risk of developing multiorgan failure and death. there are no effective pharmacological interventions used in current clinical practice. maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance is the mainstay of supportive management. goal-directed fluid therapy (gdft) has been shown to decrease morbidity and mortality in surgical conditions with systemic inflammatory response. there is currently no randomised controlled trial (rct) inves ... | 2019 | 31601585 |
| patterns of livestock depredation and cost-effectiveness of fortified livestock enclosures in northern tanzania. | human-carnivore conflicts and retaliatory killings contribute to carnivore populations' declines around the world. strategies to mitigate conflicts have been developed, but their efficacy is rarely assessed in a randomized case-control design. further, the economic costs prevent the adoption and wide use of conflict mitigation strategies by pastoralists in rural africa. we examined carnivore (african lion [panthera leo], leopard [panthera pardus], spotted hyena [crocuta crocuta], jackal [canis m ... | 2019 | 31641483 |
| are the gut microbial systems of giant pandas unstable? | animals have stable dominant gut microbiomes under similar diets. similar diets can also lead to similar gut microbial communities within host species levels. giant pandas (ailuropoda melanoleuca) and red pandas (ailurus fulgens) have had long-term and stable bamboo diets, and seem well adapted to this highly fibrous diet. when compared to the gut microbiomes of père david's deer (elaphurus davidianus), humans, cheetah (acinonyx jubatus), black-backed jackal (canis-mesomelas), and black bear (ur ... | 2019 | 31687574 |
| dosimetry assessment of patient-specific 3d printable materials for hdr surface brachytherapy. | 3d printable material water equivalence was investigated within the range of iridium-192 source energies. the aim is to compare the dose calculated by our treatment planning system (tps) with the dose measured in the presence of printed materials. the purpose of this investigation is to assess the feasibility of using 3d materials for brachytherapy surface applicators. | 2019 | 31707143 |
| regional variation in the cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) revisited: morphology of wild and captive populations. | the cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) is listed as a vulnerable species by the international union for the conservation of nature (iucn), including two critically endangered subspecies, the saharan cheetah, and the iranian cheetah, so it is imperative that we understand variation in cheetah morphology to make good decisions regarding the conservation of this species. here, we aim to determine whether northeastern african cheetahs have smaller body sizes than southern african cheetahs. this study also a ... | 2020 | 31724754 |
| comparative neocortical neuromorphology in felids: african lion, african leopard, and cheetah. | the present study examines cortical neuronal morphology in the african lion (panthera leo leo), african leopard (panthera pardus pardus), and cheetah (acinonyx jubatus jubatus). tissue samples were removed from prefrontal, primary motor, and primary visual cortices and investigated with a golgi stain and computer-assisted morphometry to provide somatodendritic measures of 652 neurons. although neurons in the african lion were insufficiently impregnated for accurate quantitative dendritic measure ... | 2020 | 31749162 |
| chemical structures of oligosaccharides in milks of the american black bear (ursus americanus americanus) and cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). | the milk oligosaccharides were studied for two species of the carnivora: the american black bear (ursus americanus, family ursidae, caniformia), and the cheetah, (acinonyx jubatus, family felidae, feliformia). lactose was the most dominant saccharide in cheetah milk, while this was a minor saccharide and milk oligosaccharides predominated over lactose in american black bear milk. the structures of 8 neutral saccharides from american black bear milk were found to be gal(β1-4)glc (lactose), fuc(α1 ... | 2020 | 31828568 |
| food from faeces: evaluating the efficacy of scat dna metabarcoding in dietary analyses. | scat dna metabarcoding is increasingly being used to track the feeding ecology of elusive wildlife species. this approach has greatly increased the resolution and detection success of prey items contained in scats when compared with other classical methods. however, there have been few studies that have systematically tested the applicability and reliability of this approach to study the diet of large felids species in the wild. here we assessed the effectiveness of this approach in the cheetah ... | 2019 | 31851671 |
| species-specific differences in toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum and besnoitia besnoiti seroprevalence in namibian wildlife. | knowledge about parasitic infections is crucial information for animal health, particularly of free-ranging species that might come into contact with livestock and humans. | 2020 | 31915056 |
| single port laparoscopic falciform ligament collection in a cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). | a single incision laparoscopic system (sils) was used to remove the falciform ligament of an adult male cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) during routine diagnostic liver biopsy. adipose tissue isolated from the falciform ligament was used to establish a mesenchymal stem cell culture. the use of a sils port for liver biopsy and falciform ligament collection allowed for a large amount of fat to be collected from a small surgical incision and rapid postoperative recovery. this case expands the use of the ... | 2020 | 31926535 |
| evaluation of electrode setups by mri based human phantom with fem based quasi-static solver for bioimpedance measurement. | transthoracic electrical bioimpedance (teb) measurement for acquiring of hemodynamic parameters e.g. stroke volume (sv) and cardiac output (co) becomes commonly used. for precise and reliable measurement, a good understanding of the measurement system is needed to provide robust electrode placement, reproducible results, and large signal amplitudes. we propose an evaluation by mri based human phantom with fem based quasi-static solver for electrode placement in bioimpedance measurement. placemen ... | 2019 | 31946743 |
| jones-wilkins-lee unreacted and reaction product equations of state for overdriven detonations in octogen- and triaminotrinitrobenzene-based plastic-bonded explosives. | the jones-wilkins-lee (jwl) equation of state (eos) is used to calculate expansion of detonation reaction products from the chemical equilibrium chapman-jouguet (c-j) state to large volumes. overdriven detonation waves with shock pressures higher than c-j are created by high-velocity impacts or converging detonation waves. reflection from high-impedance materials, multiple shock impacts, and mach stem wave interactions creates similar pressures. when overdriven states were first measured experim ... | 2020 | 31967469 |
| interspecies comparison of the residue levels and profiles of persistent organic pollutants in terrestrial top predators. | serum samples from three species of living terrestrial top predators were analysed for six groups of persistent organic pollutants (pops), such as polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (ddts), chlordane compounds (chls), hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (hchs), hexachlorobenzene (hcb) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes). the study included three carnivore species: lion (panthera leo), hyena (hyena brunnea) and cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). all sa ... | 2020 | 32006764 |
| immunoglobulin j chain as a non-invasive indicator of pregnancy in the cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). | the north american cheetah population serves as a reservoir for the species, and acts as a research population to help understand the unique biology of the species. little is known about the intrauterine physiology of the cheetah, including embryo differentiation, implantation, and the development of the placenta. after mating, cheetah females frequently experience (30-65% of matings) a non-pregnant luteal phase where progestogen metabolite levels match those found in pregnant females for the fi ... | 2020 | 32040477 |
| prosthetic shape, but not stiffness or height, affects the maximum speed of sprinters with bilateral transtibial amputations. | running-specific prostheses (rsps) have facilitated an athlete with bilateral transtibial amputations to compete in the olympic games. however, the performance effects of using rsps compared to biological legs remains controversial. further, the use of different prosthetic configurations such as shape, stiffness, and height likely influence performance. we determined the effects of using 15 different rsp configurations on the maximum speed of five male athletes with bilateral transtibial amputat ... | 2020 | 32078639 |
| save iran's cheetah from extinction. | 2017 | 32080535 | |
| ultra-imaging in applied animal andrology: the power and the beauty. | ultrastructural studies of the male gamete provide relevant complementary data of value for the clinical assessment of semen quality and assist in determining phylogenetic and structural/functional relationships. this is illustrated using semen samples and testicular material from vulnerable wild animals (cheetah and rhinoceros), commercially exploited exotic birds (ratites and tinamou) and poultry (chicken and duck). transmission electron microscopy (tem) was employed to record sperm and sperma ... | 2020 | 32085922 |
| novel techniques for detection of mycobacterium bovis infection in a cheetah. | in south africa, bovine tuberculosis threatens some of africa's most iconic wildlife species, including the cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). the lack of antemortem diagnostic tests for this species strongly hinders conservation efforts. we report use of antemortem and postmortem diagnostic assays to detect mycobacterium bovis infection in a cheetah. | 2020 | 32091381 |
| hair cortisol analyses in different mammal species: choosing the wrong assay may lead to erroneous results. | wild animals are faced with a broad range of environmental stressors and research is needed to better understand their effect on populations. hormone analysis based on enzyme immunoassays (eias) can provide valuable information on adrenocortical activity (stress), and assessment of cortisol in hair may allow the quantification of cortisol production. to validate hair hormone analysis, we compared two eias based on antibodies against cortisol-3-cmo-bsa and cortisol-21-hs-bsa for hair glucocortico ... | 2020 | 32153782 |
| metabolome-informed microbiome analysis refines metadata classifications and reveals unexpected medication transfer in captive cheetahs. | even high-quality collection and reporting of study metadata in microbiome studies can lead to various forms of inadvertently missing or mischaracterized information that can alter the interpretation or outcome of the studies, especially with nonmodel organisms. metabolomic profiling of fecal microbiome samples can provide empirical insight into unanticipated confounding factors that are not possible to obtain even from detailed care records. we illustrate this point using data from cheetahs fro ... | 2020 | 32156796 |
| ancient mtdna from the extinct indian cheetah supports unexpectedly deep divergence from african cheetahs. | the indian cheetah was hunted to extinction by the mid-20th century. while analysis of 139 bp of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) has confirmed that the indian cheetah was part of the asiatic subspecies (acinonyx jubatus venaticus), the detailed relationships between cheetah populations remains unclear due to limited genetic data. we clarify these relationships by studying larger fragments of cheetah mtdna, both from an indian cheetah museum specimen and two african cheetah, one modern and one historic ... | 2020 | 32165662 |
| cell survival after cryopreservation of dissociated testicular cells from feline species. | testicular cell suspension (tcs) can be cryopreserved for male germ-line preservation and fertility restoration. we aimed to validate a cryopreservation protocol for tcs of domestic cat to be applied in endangered felids species. testis tissue from adult domestic cats was enzymatically dissociated and spermatogenic cells were enriched. the resulting tcs was diluted in 7.5% or 15% me2so based medium. slow and fast freezing methods were tested. we examined the effects of freezing approaches using ... | 2020 | 32194031 |
| feline herpesvirus infection in four captive cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) postvaccination. | cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) are particularly susceptible to feline herpesvirus-1 (fhv-1). recommendations for preventive health care in cheetahs include vaccination against fhv-1 using killed and modified live virus (mlv) vaccines. although mlv vaccines tend to induce a more robust immune response than killed vaccines, they can induce disease. this case series details an fhv-1 outbreak in four adult cheetahs following the use of mlv vaccine in one of them. all four cheetahs developed severe fhv- ... | 2020 | 32212565 |
| plagues and adaptation: lessons from the felidae models for sars and aids. | research studies of infectious disease outbreaks in wild species of the cat family felidae have revealed unusual details regarding forces that shape population survival and genetic resistance in these species. a highly virulent feline coronavirus epidemic in african cheetahs, a disease model for human sars, illustrates the critical role of ancestral population genetic variation. widespread prevalence of species specific feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), a relative of hiv-aids, occurs with lit ... | 2006 | 32226081 |
| glomerular filtration rate determined by measuring serum clearance of a single dose of inulin and serum symmetric dimethylarginine concentration in clinically normal cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus). | to establish a reference interval for glomerular filtration rate (gfr) determined by measuring serum clearance of a single iv dose of inulin in clinically normal cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) and compare serum symmetric dimethylarginine (sdma) concentration in cheetahs with gfr. | 2020 | 32228261 |
| history of the cheetah: acinonyx jubatus in zoos 1829-1994. | since 1829 the african cheetah acinonyx jubatus has been exhibited in over 373 zoological facilities. as at 31 december 1994 the international captive population was 1218 animals of which 880 (72%) were captive-bred and 338 (28%) were wild-caught. the steady increase in the captive population is a result of captive breeding, co-operative captive-management programmes and importation from the wild. of facilities holding cheetah 26%. (96) have bred the species, 15% of which have bred continuously ... | 1997 | 32336817 |
| conservation strategies for the long-term survival of the cheetah acinonyx jubatus by the cheetah conservation fund, windhoek. | the cheetah acinonyx jubatus is declining throughout its range because of loss of habitat, a declining prey base and competition with livestock interests. throughout africa there are less than 15 000 animals remaining. the largest wild population of cheetahs is in namibia, although in the last 12 years numbers have been reduced by half to c. 2500 animals. significant declines have continued as farmers capture and remove cheetahs as 'pests'. established in 1990, the cheetah conservation fund aims ... | 1997 | 32336818 |
| north american species survival plan for cheetah acinonyx jubatus. | the north american species survival plan (ssp) for the cheetah acinonyx jubatus has developed a cooperative and comprehensive research plan for the long-term management of the species. networking with zoos, field biologists and scientists, the ssp has managed the captive population from a situation that was clearly not self-sustaining into a well-defined, growing population. this paper describes the development of the ssp and its long-range goals. | 1997 | 32336819 |
| a pilot study comparing aortic valve area estimates derived from fick cardiac output with estimates based on cheetah-nicom cardiac output. | cardiac output during cardiac catheterization is often estimated using the modified fick method (cofick). in this proof-of-concept, prospective non-randomized study carried out in a single academic healthcare centre, we examined whether replacing cofick in the gorlin formula with cheetah-nicom monitor cardiac output (cocheetah) could produce an accurate and precise estimate of aortic valve area in patients with severe aortic stenosis. in twenty-six subjects, cofick and cocheetah were obtained co ... | 2020 | 32398730 |
| developmental changes in strategies for gathering evidence about biological kinds. | how do people gather samples of evidence to learn about the world? adults often prefer to sample evidence from diverse sources-for example, choosing to test a robin and a turkey to find out if something is true of birds in general. children below age 9, however, often do not consider sample diversity, instead treating non-diverse samples (e.g., two robins) and diverse samples as equivalently informative. the current study (n = 247) found that this discontinuity stems from developmental changes i ... | 2020 | 32419146 |
| oviductal extracellular vesicles improve post-thaw sperm function in red wolves and cheetahs. | artificial insemination (ai) is a valuable tool for ex situ wildlife conservation, allowing the re-infusion and dissemination of genetic material, even after death of the donor. however, the application of ai to species conservation is still limited, due mainly to the poor survival of cryopreserved sperm. recent work demonstrated that oviductal extracellular vesicles (oevs) improved cat sperm motility and reduced premature acrosomal exocytosis. here, we build on these findings by describing the ... | 2020 | 32466321 |
| leveraging elastic instabilities for amplified performance: spine-inspired high-speed and high-force soft robots. | soft machines typically exhibit slow locomotion speed and low manipulation strength because of intrinsic limitations of soft materials. here, we present a generic design principle that harnesses mechanical instability for a variety of spine-inspired fast and strong soft machines. unlike most current soft robots that are designed as inherently and unimodally stable, our design leverages tunable snap-through bistability to fully explore the ability of soft robots to rapidly store and release energ ... | 2020 | 32494714 |
| a multispecies assessment of wildlife impacts on local community livelihoods. | conflicts between the interests of agriculture and wildlife conservation are a major threat to biodiversity and human well-being globally. addressing such conflicts requires a thorough understanding of the impacts associated with living alongside protected wildlife. despite this, most studies reporting on human-wildlife impacts and the strategies used to mitigate them focus on a single species, thus oversimplifying often complex systems of human-wildlife interactions. we sought to characterize t ... | 2020 | 32496643 |
| an eye for a tooth: thylacosmilus was not a marsupial "saber-tooth predator". | saber-toothed mammals, now all extinct, were cats or "cat-like" forms with enlarged, blade-like upper canines, proposed as specialists in taking large prey. during the last 66 ma, the saber-tooth ecomorph has evolved convergently at least in five different mammalian lineages across both marsupials and placentals. indeed, thylacosmilus atrox, the so-called "marsupial saber-tooth," is often considered as a classic example of convergence with placental saber-tooth cats such as smilodon fatalis. how ... | 2020 | 32617190 |
| palaeodietary traits of large mammals from the middle miocene of gračanica (bugojno basin, bosnia-herzegovina). | recent excavations at the gračanica coal mine (bugojno basin, bosnia-herzegovina) have unearthed numerous skeletal parts of fossil vertebrates, including a noteworthy collection of mammalian remains. previous palaeoecological investigations of the dinarides lake system were established using stratigraphical, palaeofloral, and malacological data. however, large mammal remains have so far not been used to reconstruct the terrestrial palaeoenvironment of this important fossil ecosystem. here, the p ... | 2020 | 32647552 |
| distribution of uterine histological changes in aged captive cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus). | the histological effect on the felid uterus of sterilization, via ovariectomy or salpingectomy, is currently unknown. to investigate the association of ovariectomy or salpingectomy with uterine health, it is first necessary to establish if changes are distributed evenly throughout the uterus. both laparoscopic ovariectomy and salpingectomy with concurrent sampling of the tip of the uterine horn are possible in the cheetah. currently accepted practice for histopathological screening of the uterus ... | 2020 | 32730659 |
| rethinking trophic niches: speed and body mass colimit prey space of mammalian predators. | realized trophic niches of predators are often characterized along a one-dimensional range in predator-prey body mass ratios. this prey range is constrained by an "energy limit" and a "subdue limit" toward small and large prey, respectively. besides these body mass ratios, maximum speed is an additional key component in most predator-prey interactions.here, we extend the concept of a one-dimensional prey range to a two-dimensional prey space by incorporating a hump-shaped speed-body mass relatio ... | 2020 | 32760514 |
| multiple locus variable number tandem repeat analysis for the characterization of wild feline bartonella species and subspecies. | bartonella genus includes an increasing number of species and subspecies, especially among wild felids, the positioning of which, with regards to the zoonotic species bartonella henselae, is important to determine. the aim of this study was to test the ability of a molecular typing technique to distinguish between various bartonella isolates obtained from four different species of free-ranging and captive wild felids and to identify key profiles or markers allowing differentiating them from each ... | 2020 | 32768232 |
| monitoring ovarian function and detecting pregnancy in felids: a review. | reliable detection and monitoring of estrus and pregnancy is essential to the effective ex situ conservation of endangered felids. here, we review the current methods used to detect estrus and pregnancy in felids and describe the advantages and limitations of each. a total of 194 felid-focused publications were reviewed. the methods used included behavioral assessments (61 publications across 24 species), hormone monitoring (124 studies across 28 species), fecal protein monitoring (two studies i ... | 2020 | 32818882 |
| environmental management of two of the world's most endangered marine and terrestrial predators: vaquita and cheetah. | two of the world most endangered marine and terrestrial species are at the brink of extinction. the vaquita (phocoena sinus) is the smallest existing cetacean and the population has declined to barely 22 individuals now remaining in mexico's gulf of california. with the ongoing decline, it is likely to go extinct within few years. the primary threat to this species has been mortality as a result of by-catch from gillnet fishing as well as environmental toxic chemicals and disturbance. this has c ... | 2020 | 32829186 |
| molecular and serological investigation of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in cats. | background: severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is an emerging tick-borne zoonosis in china, the republic of korea (rok), and japan. the presence of the sfts virus (sftsv) in companion, livestock, and wild animals has been reported. recently, human sfts-like clinical symptoms in cats and cheetahs have been reported in japan. therefore, the prevalence of the sftsv gene or antibody in cats is important for public health as well as veterinary medicine. materials and methods: sera wer ... | 2020 | 32831006 |
| habitat features and performance interact to determine the outcomes of terrestrial predator-prey pursuits. | animals are responsive to predation risk, often seeking safer habitats at the cost of foraging rewards. although previous research has examined how habitat features affect detection by predators, little is known about how the interaction of habitat features, sensory cues and physical performance capabilities affect prey escape performance once detected. to investigate how specific habitat features affect predation risk, we developed an individual-based model of terrestrial predator-prey pursuits ... | 2020 | 32969495 |
| why are the fastest runners of intermediate size? contrasting scaling of mechanical demands and muscle supply of work and power. | the fastest land animals are of intermediate size. cheetah, antelope, greyhounds and racehorses have been measured running much faster than reported for elephants or elephant shrews. can this be attributed to scaling of physical demands and explicit physiological constraints to supply? here, we describe the scaling of mechanical work demand each stride, and the mechanical power demand each stance. unlike muscle stress, strain and strain rate, these mechanical demands cannot be circumvented by ch ... | 2020 | 33023380 |
| first birth of cheetah cubs from in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. | approximately 30% of the association of zoos and aquariums cheetah population (~350 total animals) is unlikely to breed naturally due to advanced age, health, or behavioral issues. aging cheetah females (≥9 y old) are unlikely to become pregnant via natural breeding if they are nulliparous. we previously demonstrated that oocytes recovered from aged females were of similar quality compared with those recovered from younger females (2-8 y old). we hypothesize that transfer of 4-8 cell embryos pro ... | 2020 | 33027972 |
| habitat complexity and lifetime predation risk influence mesopredator survival in a multi-predator system. | variability in habitat selection can lead to differences in fitness; however limited research exists on how habitat selection of mid-ranking predators can influence population-level processes in multi-predator systems. for mid-ranking, or mesopredators, differences in habitat use might have strong demographic effects because mesopredators need to simultaneously avoid apex predators and acquire prey. we studied spatially-explicit survival of cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) in the mun-ya-wana conserva ... | 2020 | 33082386 |
| an insight into the prey spectra and livestock predation by cheetahs in kenya using faecal dna metabarcoding. | dietary composition is a fundamental part of animal ecology and an important component of population dynamics. therefore, obtaining accurate information on what an animal consumes is important for conservation planning, especially for wild large carnivores that exist in human-dominated landscapes where they are prone to direct conflicts with local people. we used faecal dna metabarcoding to identify the vertebrate taxa commonly predated on by cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) with an emphasis on domes ... | 2020 | 33157508 |
| a cluster epidemic of influenza a(h1n1)pdm09 virus infection in four captive cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus). | in january 2019, four cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) kept at a japanese zoo intermittently showed respiratory signs following the incidence of seasonal influenza in animal caregivers. respiratory materials (saliva, sputum and food tray swabs) were non-invasively collected from the four cheetahs. although we were unable to isolate the virus, the np gene of influenza a virus was detected in three of the cheetahs but not in the fourth cheetah that had nearly recovered. from a food tray swab which test ... | 2021 | 33576190 |
| feline coronavirus and feline infectious peritonitis in nondomestic felid species. | feline coronavirus (fcov) is reported worldwide and known to cause disease in domestic and nondomestic felid species. although fcov often results in mild to inapparent disease, a small subset of cats succumb to the fatal, systemic disease feline infectious peritonitis (fip). an outbreak of fip in cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) in a zoological collection demonstrated the devastating effect of fcov introduction into a naïve group of animals. in addition to cheetahs, fip has been described in european ... | 2021 | 33827157 |