Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| [acute hepatitis a in pregnancy: a report of 43 cases]. | forty-three cases of pregnancy associated with acute hepatitis treated in our hospital from february to june 1988 were analysed. eighteen cases got hepatitis a in the second trimester and 25 cases in the third trimester. all the patients had symptoms and signs of hepatitis, increased level of serum glutamine pyruvic transaminase and the diagnosis was confirmed by antihepatitis a virus igm (anti hav-igm) assay. 1-3 of markers hbsag, anti-hbs, hbeag, anti-hbe and anti-hbc were positive in 31 cases ... | 1989 | 2805935 |
| properties of a hepatitis a virus candidate vaccine strain. | this paper describes the biophysical and biochemical properties as well as electron microscopical studies of a candidate hepatitis a vaccine strain propagated in human fibroblast cells. our results indicated that, in cscl, the density of hepatitis a virus (hav) from cell culture supernatant and of hav extracted from infected cells was influenced by the quantity of lipid material associated with hav. antigenicity of untreated hav, therefore, was detected primarily in low density cscl fractions (1 ... | 1987 | 2821186 |
| the effect of lipophilic amines on the growth of hepatitis a virus in frp/3 cells. | the effect of lipophilic amines on hepatitis a virus infection in a monkey cell line (frp/3 cells) was studied. ammonium chloride, amantadine, methylamine and dansylcadaverine inhibited viral antigen synthesis when added to the cells at least one hour after the attachment step. results obtained suggest that the hav entry pathway in frp/3 cells follows an endocytic route and that viral uncoating takes probably place in endosomes and/or lysosomes. | 1987 | 2821967 |
| viral diseases involving the liver. | even though hav, hbv and hnanb viruses are responsible for most of the viral hepatitis cases, many other viruses have been reported to cause hepatic injury. these viruses may involve the liver, either as part of a systemic illness (e.g. ebv, cmv, hsv) or as the primary target organ (e.g. yellow fever virus, lassa fever virus, ebola virus). clinically overt hepatocellular dysfunction is rare in such viral infections. biochemical disturbance of hepatic functions shown, for example, by rises in ast ... | 1987 | 2822180 |
| biochemically silent posttransfusion non-a, non-b hepatitis interferes with superinfection by hepatitis a virus. | superinfection of a silently non-a, non-b (nanb)-infected chimpanzee with hepatitis a virus (hav) resulted in minimal liver enzyme elevations, lack of detectable hav in stool, and questionable presence of hav antigen in liver biopsy specimens obtained during the expected period of virus replication. our findings indicate that even biochemically silent nanb hepatitis can strongly interfere with infection by at least one other hepatotrophic virus. | 1987 | 2822600 |
| detection of hepatitis a virus by extraction of viral rna and molecular hybridization. | hepatitis a virus (hav) rna was extracted from cell culture, serum, liver, and feces and then detected by molecular hybridization with cloned hav cdna. hybridization was approximately 10-fold more sensitive than immune electron microscopy or radioimmunoassay was and less sensitive than was assays of hav infectivity in primates or in cell culture. as little as 10(3) 50% infective doses of hav, or approximately 0.1 pg of viral rna, was detected by this method. analysis of fecal specimens from an e ... | 1987 | 2822759 |
| expression of hepatitis a virus cdna in escherichia coli: antigenic vp1 recombinant protein. | the genome of hepatitis a virus (hav) was reverse transcribed into cdna and molecularly cloned. cdna clones coding for the capsid protein vp1 that carries the major hav antigen were cloned into the expression vector pur290 and expressed in escherichia coli. the recombinant fusion protein reacted in an immunoblot with rabbit anti-hav serum, suggesting that it possesses hav antigenicity. | 1987 | 2822970 |
| the entire nucleotide sequence of the genome of human hepatitis a virus (isolate mbb). | hepatitis a virus (hav) is an important human pathogen causing hepatitis, with high incidence in developed as well as in developing countries. no vaccines are available. in order to determine the primary structure of the hav genome, we have prepared cdnas from viral rna and cloned these into plasmid pbr322. these clones were used to determine the entire nucleotide sequence of the hav rna by rapid sequencing methods. we have compared this sequence of 7470 bases to known partial sequences, and one ... | 1987 | 2823500 |
| [hepatitis a in macaca fascicularis and m. arctoides infected by the java monkey-55 strain of hepatitis a virus]. | the results are presented dealing with experimental inoculation of m. fascicularis and m. arctoides with a strain of hepatitis a virus (hav), yam-55, isolated from a m. fascicularis with spontaneous hepatitis a, and parallel experiments on inoculation of these monkey species with hav preparations (strain has-15) obtained as a result of the strain propagation in frhk-4 cell culture and with specimens from human hepatitis a patients containing hav particles. the yam-55 strain of hav was found to b ... | 1987 | 2825433 |
| [development of a soviet diagnostic kit for determining class m immunoglobulins to the hepatitis a virus by immunoenzyme analysis (a test system for anti-hav igm)]. | a new test system diagn-a-hep for the laboratory diagnosis of hepatitis a (ha) by means of the enzyme immunoassay has been developed at the institute of poliomyelitis and viral encephalitides (moscow). the sensitivity and specificity of the newly developed test system have proved to be similar to those of the well-known commercial diagnostic system havab manufactured by abbott laboratories (usa). diagn-a-hep permits the diagnosis of ha with 96-100% effectiveness both in patients with the acute f ... | 1987 | 2825452 |
| shifts in the rates and levels of antibody to hepatitis a virus associated with hepatitis a infection in children's communities. | in order to investigate the shift in the rates and levels of antibody to hepatitis a virus, 567 children in 20 isolated groups of five day-care centers were observed over a period of 8 months during which the seasonal rise in hepatitis a morbidity occurs. increases in the proportion of seropositive ranging from 5 to 37% were demonstrated in 6 groups, and were always associated with the occurrence of either overt or sub-clinical hepatitis a infection. high rates of seropositivity were also noted ... | 1987 | 2826220 |
| studies of prototype live hepatitis a virus vaccines in primate models. | we have prepared two prototype live hepatitis a virus (hav) vaccines by serial passage of the hm-175 strain of hav in african green monkey kidney cells. passage 21 (p-21) hm-175 virus shows evidence of attenuation for chimpanzees but not for marmosets; passage 32 (p-32) hm-175 virus shows evidence of attenuation for both species. animals that received p-32 hav had fewer elevations in levels of liver enzyme activity and evidence of less virus replication in the liver and excretion of virus in sto ... | 1988 | 2826614 |
| aplastic anemia associated with type a viral hepatitis--possible role of t-lymphocytes. | posthepatitic aplastic anemia (phaa) is rather uncommon. most reported cases have developed after non-a, non-b or b type hepatitis. the only case of phaa occurring after hepatitis a reported so far, was described by smith et al., who diagnosed it by the long-term elevation of igg-class antibody in response to hepatitis a virus. recently, the detection of igm-class antibody specific against hepatitis a virus (igm anti-hav) has been commonly employed for precise diagnosis of hepatitis a. the case ... | 1987 | 2826859 |
| review of the herpesviruses and hepatitis a: the potential hazards in dental care. | there is now an increased awareness of the risk of transmission of viral infections via blood and saliva after the publicity given to the human immunodeficiency viruses responsible for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. the herpesviruses have been found in blood, in blood products, and in saliva, and information with respect to these routes of transmission is convincing. although hepatitis a virus is spread predominantly by water contaminated with feces (fecal-oral route), the virus is also ... | 1987 | 2827085 |
| [presence of antibodies for hepatitis a virus in didelphis marsupialis (vertebrata. marsupialia) of the amazon region]. | 1987 | 2827292 | |
| continuous production of hepatitis a virus in plc/prf/5 cell cultures: use of antigen for serology. | the strain cf53 of hepatitis a virus (hav) previously adapted to growth in plc/prf/5 cells was grown in 175 cm2 flasks, at different passages. after infection, cells were incubated at 32 degrees c in rpmi 1640 medium supplemented with 2.5% foetal calf serum (fcs) for 6-12 months. hav which was released continuously in the culture medium was harvested weekly. hepatitis a virus antigen (haag) and infectious virus production was stable during each passage. the antigen titre, determined by radioimmu ... | 1987 | 2828401 |
| [detection of genomic rna of the hepatitis a virus in clinical samples using the blot hybridization method]. | the synthetic oligonucleotide sequence 3'ctcctcgtacttta-5' complementing hepatitis a virus rna was compared with cdna probes in identification of viral genomic rna. the clinical materials from patients in the 1-2 weeks of jaundice were screened. high specificity of the technique was demonstrated. possibility of clinical using of the blot hybridization technique is discussed. | 1987 | 2828940 |
| [signs of natural infection with hepatitis a in brown macaques (macaca arctoides)]. | the results of examinations of stump-tailed monkeys (m. arctoides) held in captivity are presented. the presence and levels of anti-hav and anti-hav class m in the blood sera of monkeys were determined by the enzyme-immunoassay (eia), and alanine aminotransferase (aiat) activity was measured. hav in stool specimens collected from the monkeys was detected by immune electron microscopy and eia. in the first examination, 2 out of 10 monkeys were found to have anti-hav and one of them to have anti-h ... | 1987 | 2829437 |
| nucleic acid sequence of the vp1 region of attenuated ms-1 hepatitis a virus. | the nucleotide sequence of the vp1 region of marmoset-attenuated hepatitis a virus (hav), ms-1, was determined by incorporative dideoxynucleotide sequencing of the rna obtained from purified, liver-derived virus. comparison of this nucleotide sequence to those of four previously published isolates revealed that one of the isolates, hm-175, which was obtained from australia and passed three times in marmosets, had a 8.5-11% nucleotide variability compared to the remaining four isolates which were ... | 1987 | 2829458 |
| inapparent infection of hepatitis a virus. | to detect inapparent infection with hepatitis a virus, serial sera were collected from patients with hepatitis a and their contacts in two waterborne epidemics in china. epidemic 1 occurred in a rural village near hangzhou during august 1978-january 1979, and epidemic 2 took place in a rural primary school in pinghu county in zhejiang in april-may 1985. these sera were tested for antibodies against hepatitis a virus (anti-hav), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (sgpt) activity, and icteric ind ... | 1988 | 2829622 |
| production of cytopathology in frhk-4 cells by bs-c-1-passaged hepatitis a virus. | cytopathic effects were produced in fetal rhesus monkey kidney (frhk-4) cells 7 days postinfection by a serially bs-c-1-passaged strain of hepatitis a virus. typical enterovirus cytopathology was produced by the hm-175 strain after 15 passages at 7-day intervals in bs-c-1 cells. no cytopathic effects were obtained after neutralization of virus with human anti-hepatitis a virus immunoglobulin g. normal human serum had no effect on development of cytopathology. maximum antigen and cdna probe-based ... | 1987 | 2829721 |
| an electron microscopical investigation of faecal small round viruses. | a retrospective study of small round featureless viruses (srvs) initially identified by negative-staining electron microscopy of stool samples was performed. a variety of technique, including immunoelectron microscopy and caesium chloride gradient centrifugation, was applied in an attempt to classify further these viruses. over a four-year period, 64 srv-positive samples were reported (1.8% of the stool samples sent for electron microscopy and 6.2% of the total number of positive samples), of wh ... | 1988 | 2832539 |
| immunoreactivity of human and rabbit antisera to hepatitis a virus. | rabbit antibodies produced by immunization with complete hepatitis a virions (hav) recognized all the viral structural proteins and neutralized hav infectivity in cell culture. rabbit antibodies to chromatographically purified individual viral proteins and to synthetic peptides representing epitopes on the structural viral protein vp1 neither recognized whole virus nor neutralized infectivity, indicating that native epitopes on the virus surface are necessary for virus recognition and neutraliza ... | 1988 | 2832540 |
| seroepidemiology of hepatitis a virus in japan. | a seroepidemiologic study to detect class-specific antibody against hepatitis a virus (hav) was made with 831 randomly collected sera (415 in 1973 and 416 in 1984) from healthy japanese. competitive-inhibition, igg, iga, and igm anti-hav enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) were used. both collections showed a low prevalence of igg anti-hav in young age groups and it increased rapidly at middle age and plateued at greater than or equal to 94% prevalence in the older age groups. however, tw ... | 1987 | 2832647 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of a cell culture-adapted variant of hepatitis a virus: comparison with wild-type virus with restricted capacity for in vitro replication. | to determine the molecular changes associated with adaptation of hepatitis a virus (hav) to growth in cell culture, the genome of a cell culture-adapted variant of hm175 strain hav (p16 hm175, 16th in vitro passage level) was molecularly cloned and the complete nucleotide sequence of the virus was determined. compared with wild-type virus, p16 hm175 replicates efficiently in monkey kidney (bs-c-1) cells (approximately 58 rna-containing particles per one infectious unit, compared with 2.4 x 10(5) ... | 1988 | 2833008 |
| [spontaneous hepatitis similar to hepatitis a in african green monkeys]. | circulation of a virus similar to human hepatitis a virus by antigenic and some other properties was observed among african green monkeys imported from their natural habitats. in some of the monkeys this virus caused a disease similar to hepatitis a in many features. | 1987 | 2833034 |
| [the possibility of repeat infection with the hepatitis a virus]. | 1987 | 2833036 | |
| acute hepatitis a in singapore: importance of shellfish ingestion in a non-epidemic period. | a case-control study based on 28 serologically confirmed cases of hepatitis a and 42 home contacts with no recent or past evidence of hepatitis a virus (hav) infection was conducted to determine the importance of shellfish exposure in the transmission of hav during a non-epidemic period in singapore. it was found that consumption of partially-cooked cockles (anadara granosa) was significantly associated with the illness (p less than 0.001). no other types of locally available shellfish including ... | 1987 | 2833148 |
| adaptation of hepatitis a virus to high titre growth in diploid and permanent cell cultures. | a hepatitis a virus isolate originally obtained from the feces of a clinically ill patient and passaged in diploid human embryonic kidney and lung cells was adapted to grow in mrc-5, cercopithecus aethiops muscle and in vero cells. three different adaptation methods were applied. either method proved to be suitable to finally give high virus titres of cell-bound as well as cell-free virus in the supernatant of infected cultures during 10 to 15 passages. an easily performable immunoperoxidase sta ... | 1988 | 2834626 |
| [trial of a soviet diagnostic kit for determining class m immunoglobulins to the hepatitis a virus by immunoenzyme analysis (an anti-hav igm test system)]. | the authors have studied the effectiveness of the first soviet test system for the diagnosis of hepatitis a by means of the enzyme immunoassay (diagn-a-hep), developed at the institute of poliomyelitis and viral encephalitides, moscow, under the conditions of different epidemic situations. in the process of this trial the high specificity and sensitivity of this test system, established earlier in the certification and commission trials, have been confirmed. diagn-a-hep has proved to be highly e ... | 1988 | 2834897 |
| [an experimental observation on rhesus monkeys continuously inoculated with human hepatitis a virus (hav)]. | 1987 | 2835166 | |
| clinical and research application of an enterovirus group-reactive monoclonal antibody. | diagnostic methods employed in enterovirus laboratories are generally laborious, slow and expensive. this is largely because type-specific neutralization tests still play the major role in identification and diagnostic serology. in the companion paper we describe the derivation of monoclonal antibodies against epitopes of the vpi peptide which are shared by all of the enteroviruses tested to date, with the exception of hepatitis a virus. this study describes the application of one of these monoc ... | 1987 | 2835329 |
| enhancement of hepatitis a propagation in tissue culture with 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-d-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole. | the adenosine analog 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-d-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (drb) was found to increase the production of hepatitis a (hav) antigen in two monkey kidney cell lines (frhk-4 and vero cells). drb, a known inhibitor of the synthesis of messenger rna, caused moderate changes in cell morphology. however, frhk-4 cells could be maintained for several weeks at 80 microm of drb, the concentration that caused maximal enhancement on hav. drb should be present from about the time of virus inoculati ... | 1988 | 2835431 |
| [transplacental antibodies to hepatitis a virus]. | 1988 | 2835874 | |
| [detection of the hepatitis a virus in fish at a fish farm]. | in this study, we have researched enteroviruses in digestive tract and gills of 106 fishes from farming station, belonging to the five most eaten species in ivory coast (chrisychthys walkeri, chrisychthys nigrodigitatus, tilapia nilotica, tilapia guineensis, sarotherodon melanotheron). hepatitis a virus was found in 12 fishes (11.3%), five times in gills, three times in digestive tract and four times in both. the two species apparently the more contaminated, were chrisychthys nigrodigitatus, sar ... | 1987 | 2836101 |
| antigenic and immunogenic properties of a hepatitis a virus capsid protein expressed in escherichia coli. | we have constructed a recombinant plasmid producing, in bacteria, a hepatitis a virus (hav) capsid protein that may be useful as a subunit vaccine. hav vp1 coding sequences were fused in-frame to nh2-terminal escherichia coli trpe coding sequences under the control of the tryptophan promoter. in the absence of exogenous tryptophan, e. coli containing this recombinant plasmid produced high levels of an 88-kilodalton fusion protein that was recognized in immunoblots by antibodies to trpe and hav. ... | 1988 | 2836522 |
| research of enterovirus, hepatitis a virus in a bathing area over a six month period and their salubrity impact. | cell-culturable enterovirus and hav levels in the effluent of a treatment plant were compared with those near the effluent outfall and in a neighbouring bathing area over a period of six months. enteroviruses were found in all effluent samples, whereas only three contained hav. no viruses were detected near the outfall nor in the bathing area. despite the low impact of this scenario on human health, the view is expressed that the potential risk posed by the discharge of viruses from treatment pl ... | 1988 | 2837025 |
| seroepidemiological research on hepatitis a (ha) in the city of siena. | the circulation of hepatitis a virus in the city of siena and the tight neighbouring area appears to be fairly rare. in fact, the number of cases suffering from hepatitis a, admitted into the clinic of infectious diseases of the university of siena, has been 33 out of 4,905 patients (yrs 1975-1985). of these, only 6 were patients resident in siena. seroepidemiological research, carried out with the elisa method on 275 people of an age between 1 and 20 years, has confirmed a specifically low immu ... | 1987 | 2839209 |
| the prevalence of serological markers to hepatitis a and hepatitis b in drug abuse personnel. | a seroepidemiologic survey was conducted in 25 clinical and 31 nonclinical personnel engaged in substance abuse research and treatment. the antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) was identified in 16 percent of the clinical employees and 39 percent of the nonclinical personnel, for a total prevalence of 29 percent. the prevalence of anti-hav was age related, and the overall frequency was not greater than expected attack rates. hepatitis b virus (hbv) markers were present in 16 percent of the c ... | 1986 | 2839211 |
| relapsing hepatitis in a child, associated with isolation of hepatitis a virus antigen from the liver. | 1988 | 2839347 | |
| immune electron microscopy in the detection of viruses other than enteroviruses on cell culture in untreated sewage. | following the demonstration of enteroviruses in samples of untreated sewage by inoculation of cell cultures with an eluate fraction, immune electron microscopy (iem) was employed in two stages to detect adenoviruses and the hepatitis a virus (hav). 6/12 samples contained adenoviruses and 5/15 other samples contained viruses having characteristics of hav. cell culture can thus be usefully allied with iem in the more precise determination of the potential health hazards of waste water. | 1988 | 2839942 |
| [vaccines against hepatitis viruses]. | a short characterization of hepatitis a virus and hepatitis b virus is given. the development of hepatitis b vaccines is described, including the presently available vaccines. experimentally developed vaccines and possible vaccine developments against hepatitis b virus are discussed. the current status of the development in the field of hepatitis a virus vaccines is presented. results of hepatitis a live vaccines as well as results of hepatitis a killed vaccine developments are reported. | 1988 | 2841236 |
| large scale production of hepatitis a virus in cell culture: effect of type of infection on virus yield and cell integrity. | approaches to cell culture propagation of hepatitis a virus (hav) have used either acute infection by passage of infected cell lysates or supernatants into uninfected cells or the passage of persistently infected cells. the findings presented here demonstrate that the growth and recovery of purified virus from foetal rhesus monkey kidney (frhk4) cells persistently infected with hav isolate has-15 decreased over a 2 to 3 month period. in contrast, high multiplicity acute infection of frhk4 cells ... | 1988 | 2841419 |
| detection and characterization of subgenomic rnas in hepatitis a virus particles. | defective viral particles containing deleted genomes were detected in harvests of cell cultures infected with various hav isolates. the most prominent deletions were identified within the region of the genome coding for structural proteins. in this location three different deletions spanning nts 930-4380 (a), 1140-3820 (b), and 1370-3240 (c) were characterized. in addition to these internal deletions, various truncated rnas were detected lacking either partially or completely the 3' terminal reg ... | 1988 | 2841794 |
| [characteristics of the development of humoral immunity to hepatitis a in children's day care centers]. | solid-phase enzyme immunoassay was used to study changes in the frequency and levels of antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) in 567 children in 20 isolated groups of 5 day-care centers of the town of kemerovo. the observation period included the seasonal rise in hepatitis a incidence. an increase in the portion of seropositive children occurred in the groups where manifest or asymptomatic infection with hepatitis a existed. the number of seropositive subjects in the groups where the children ... | 1988 | 2842960 |
| expression of hepatitis a virus capsid sequences in insect cells. | a cdna coding for hepatitis a virus (hav) vp1 and portions of the flanking vp3 and p2 sequences was inserted into the genome of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus under the control of the polyhedrin promoter and translational start codon. cells infected with recombinant virus produced high levels of a 55 kda protein, identified as containing hav vp1 by reactivity with anti-vp1 serum. the expressed protein also reacted on immunoblots with human hav convalescent sera as well as sera ... | 1988 | 2842974 |
| human gamma interferon production by cytotoxic t lymphocytes sensitized during hepatitis a virus infection. | the production of interferon (ifn) during a chromium-51 release assay with hepatitis a virus (hav)-infected fibroblasts and autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with acute hav infection was studied to determine whether ifn plays a role in immunopathogenesis of hepatitis a infection in humans. skin fibroblasts of eight patients after acute hav infection and from two control persons without history of current or past hav infection were infected with hav. peripheral blood lymphocyt ... | 1988 | 2843673 |
| laboratory detection of hepatitis a virus in stools. | 1988 | 2843692 | |
| [familial contact with patients with viral hepatitis a as a potential source of hepatitis a virus]. | 1988 | 2844420 | |
| restricted replication of hepatitis a virus in cell culture: encapsidation of viral rna depletes the pool of rna available for replication. | the replication of hepatitis a virus (hav) in bs-c-1 cells was examined under single-cycle growth conditions by using strand-specific probes for detection of viral rna species. no measurable lag phase was demonstrated between accumulation of positive-strand hav rna and production of infectious virions, indicating that replication of virion rna is rate limiting for the production of infectious virus. intracellular viral rna was further analyzed by using 2 m licl to fractionate the insoluble nonvi ... | 1988 | 2845131 |
| prediction of three-dimensional models for foot-and-mouth disease virus and hepatitis a virus. | atomic models of foot-and-mouth disease virus and hepatitis a virus have been predicted using amino acid sequence alignments with the known structures of mengo virus and human rhinovirus 14. the structural models are consistent with results of biochemical and immunological studies. the two viruses appear to have surface features exceedingly different than those of other picornaviruses. they also have large hydrophobic cavities within vp1 suggesting that it may be possible to inhibit their infect ... | 1988 | 2845659 |
| [discovery and quantitative determination of intestinal viruses by the detection of viral antigens in infected cells using an immunoperoxidase method]. | the use of immunoperoxidase method for detection of virus antigens in a fixed infected cell monolayer on microplates (cellular immunoperoxidase method, cipm) for poliomyelitis and hepatitis a virus as well as for human and simian sa ii rotaviruses is described, as well as the method of quantitation of rotaviruses by counting of virus multiplication foci. the cipm combines the advantages of the methods based on the infectivity determinations and of immunochemical methods, and may be used both for ... | 1988 | 2845670 |
| polyethylene glycol precipitation for recovery of pathogenic viruses, including hepatitis a virus and human rotavirus, from oyster, water, and sediment samples. | polyethylene glycol 6000 precipitation was found to be an effective concentration method that enhanced the chances for detecting human virus pathogens in environmental samples. percent recoveries from eluates of fresh and estuarine waters with 8% polyethylene glycol 6000 averaged 86 for hepatitis a virus, 77 for human rotavirus wa, 87 for simian rotavirus sa11, and 68 for poliovirus. percent recoveries of 97, 40, 97 and 105, respectively, for the same viruses were obtained from oyster eluates by ... | 1988 | 2845860 |
| development of an antibody-capture igm-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of acute epstein-barr virus infections. | an anti-ebv igm-elisa was developed using the antibody-capture principle, to be used for the diagnosis of acute infectious mononucleosis (im). the test was based on anti-human igm-coated microtiter plates; nuclei of ebv producer cells were used for antigen; conjugate was prepared by labeling sheep anti-ebv igg with horseradish peroxidase. the specificity of the anti-ebv igm-elisa was studied with a panel of sera from acute infections with hepatitis a virus, rubella virus, toxoplasma gondii and c ... | 1988 | 2846605 |
| the 1985 national immunisation survey: hepatitis a. | in april 1985 a national immunisation survey was carried out, during which sera were collected from approximately 3000 randomly selected children throughout new zealand. the sample comprised approximately equal numbers of new school entrants (mean age 5 years), standard 3 pupils (mean age 10 years) and form 4 students (mean age 15 years). this collection of sera was tested for antibody to hepatitis a virus, a marker of past infection with this virus, by means of a sensitive elisa test. prevalenc ... | 1988 | 2847096 |
| [epidemiologic evaluation of the immunologic structure of groups with respect to hepatitis a virus]. | the members of a newly formed group of persons have been found to be dissimilar in the intensity of their immunity to hepatitis a virus (hav), the character of changes in the specific antibody level and the time of its retention. in groups with the favorable situation with respect to hepatitis a, the epidemic process takes a latent course. the continuous circulation of the infective agent is ensured by the presence of the asymptomatic and inapparent forms of this infection. changes in the specif ... | 1988 | 2847451 |
| [construction of probes for hybridization with hepatitis a virus rna based on phage m13]. | three fragments of a dna copy complementary to tre hepatitis a virus rna have been isolated from the phav-vpi-22 plasmid and cloned in m 13 mp 8 vector. the 140, 250 and 390 b. p. fragments corresponded to the viral genome fragment coding for vp1 protein. single-stranded dnas of the hybrid phages with 250 b. p. and 390 b. p. inserts have been used for radioactive probe synthesis. the specificity of the probes for viral rna was confirmed in hybridization with hepatitis a virus rna purified from t ... | 1988 | 2848193 |
| viral hepatitis and gastroenteritis transmitted by shellfish and water. | the epidemiology and clinical presentation of water-borne viral diseases, including shellfish-associated viral illnesses, are discussed in this article. hepatitis a virus, non a-non b hepatitis and the agents of viral gastroenteritis, norwalk agent, snow mountain agent, rotavirus, the small round viruses, caliciviruses, and astroviruses are included. the technical problems associated with evaluating the viral contamination of water or shellfish are noted. | 1987 | 2848882 |
| a technology of preparing hepatitis a virus (hav) from human stools. | two-step differential centrifugation through 40% and 20% sucrose of 20% water extracts of hav-positive stools yielded specific defined antigens for hepatitis a serological diagnosis by 3rd-generation methods. the antigens would be suitable also for other purposes. products of comparable quality were obtained from hav-positive stools yielding different amounts of virus. optimal were incubation-period stools, where the loss in hav yield was minimal; these preparations displayed the highest antigen ... | 1988 | 2848884 |
| appearance of immune complexes during experimental hepatitis a infection in chimpanzees. | circulating immune complexes (cics) were detected during the course of experimental hepatitis a virus (hav) infection in 8 of 9 chimpanzees. in all cases, the predominant class of antibody detected in the cic was igm. the appearance of igm-cic usually preceded the onset of liver enzyme elevations, and in all instances, the appearance of igm-cic correlated with the presence of igm anti-hav. six of 8 animals tested had significant depression of c3 concentrations during the course of infection, and ... | 1988 | 2849636 |
| [recovery of hepatitis a virus in a sample of potable water experimentally contaminated]. | 1986 | 2849768 | |
| [crna probes (riboprobes) synthesized in vitro for detecting enterovirus by molecular hybridization]. | radioactively labelled rna transcripts made in vitro of various fragments from cdna clones of poliovirus type 1 and of hepatitis a virus under the control of bacteriophage t7 or sp6 promoters have been evaluated for diagnostic purposes. the rna transcripts were 2 orders of magnitude more sensitive as hybridization probes than corresponding cdna preparations labelled by the nick translation procedure. a combination of hybridization analysis and sequence comparison showed that some regions of the ... | 1988 | 2849964 |
| detection of enterovirus rna in experimentally infected mice by molecular hybridisation: specificity of subgenomic probes in quantitative slot blot and in situ hybridisation. | subgenomic cdna clones representing defined regions of the genome of coxsackie b3 virus were used as hybridisation probes to detect rna of various enteroviruses in cell culture and mouse model systems. radiolabelled probes were used in slot blots to quantitate the rna in samples; biotinylated probes were used to localise virus rna at the cellular level by in situ hybridisation with monolayers of infected cells or thin sections of tissue samples. probes derived from the 5' or 3' terminal regions ... | 1988 | 2850342 |
| [isolation of infectious hepatitis a viruses from clearing sludge]. | 1988 | 2850663 | |
| [inactivation of hepatitis a virus in water by ozone]. | 1988 | 2850667 | |
| long-term survival of hepatitis a virus and poliovirus type 1 in mineral water. | the survival in mineral water of hepatitis a virus (hav) and poliovirus type 1 was compared, under controlled experimental conditions, at 4 degrees c and room temperature. viral infectivity titers were determined by cell culture titration, while hav antigenicity was monitored by radioimmunoassay-endpoint titration. both viruses persisted longest at 4 degrees c. at this temperature, after 1 year of exposure, the inactivation of either hav or poliovirus type 1 was not important. at room temperatur ... | 1988 | 2850763 |
| efficacy of immune serum globulin in an outbreak of hepatitis a virus infection in adults. | while immune serum globulin has been shown to be highly effective in preventing hepatitis a infection when administered before exposure to the virus, its efficacy when given after exposure is less clear. timing of administration appears critical and the question of whether it modifies the clinical manifestations of the disease with possible asymptomatic seroconversion has not been conclusively answered. these aspects were examined in a common-source outbreak of 19 cases of hepatitis a in a milit ... | 1988 | 2851022 |
| [detection of hepatitis a virus rna by molecular hybridization]. | hepatitis a virus (hav) was propagated in continuous rhesus monkey embryo kidney cells (frhk-4 line). hav rna extracted with phenol from purified hav pretreated with proteinase k was used for molecular cloning experiments. two radioactive plasmids, phav-23 and phav-5p, containing hav cdna fragments complementary to structural and nonstructural parts of hav genome, respectively, were found to be useful for discrimination between mature virions and subviral structures. hav cdna-rna hybridization s ... | 1988 | 2851219 |
| [prophylactic effectiveness of immunoglobulin preparations with different amounts of specific antibodies to the hepatitis a virus]. | 1988 | 2853893 | |
| [sero-epidemiologic study of hepatitis a virus infection in childhood]. | 1988 | 2854235 | |
| the genomic map of hepatitis a virus: an alternate analysis. | recently najarian et al. reported a complete cdna sequence of the genomic rna of hepatitis a virus (hav) and the amino acid sequence inferred from it. as a picornavirus, hav contains a single-stranded plus-sense rna encoding a single 'polyprotein' which is post-translationally cleaved to yield the mature structural and non-structural proteins. in order to identify putative cleavage sites a combined function of predicted secondary structure and hydropathy was calculated by najarian et al. for the ... | 1986 | 2854598 |
| [morphologic characteristics of the hepatitis a virus]. | 1988 | 2854880 | |
| detection of hepatitis a virus in estuarine samples by gene probe assay. | the development and use of gene probe assays for rapid, sensitive and specific detection of hepatitis a virus in natural estuarine settings are described. potentially health hazardous water-borne dissemination of hepatitis a virus was detected by dot hybridization in sewage-polluted estuarine, bayou and lake waters of coastal texas. | 1988 | 2856300 |
| isolation and propagation of hepatitis a virus in hepatoma cell cultures. | hepatitis a virus (hav) was isolated directly from human faeces in plc/prf/5 cells. in the first passage cell-bound and supernatant viruses were found by immune electron microscopy and by enzymeimmunoassay. serial passaging of hav in plc/prf/5 cells resulted in its adaptation to the cell line and in reduction of the incubation time. hav was still detectable after 10 cell passages. cell-bound as well as supernatant hav were employed as antigens in anti hav igm-enzymeimmunoassay. | 1985 | 2869659 |
| propagation of hepatitis a virus in human diploid fibroblast cells. | human hepatitis a virus (hav) was propagated in human diploid fibroblast cultures (2bs cells) in vitro. replication of the virus was followed by immunofluorescent staining (if), indirect elisa, and by immune electron microscopy. when 2bs cells were inoculated with faecal extracts containing hav, synthesis of hepatitis a antigen (haag) could be detected in the cytoplasm by if. its concentration reached a maximum at four weeks post-inoculation. measured by solid-phase indirect elisa, the positive/ ... | 1986 | 2881465 |
| the leeuwenhoek lecture, 1985. a molecular biologist's view of viral hepatitis. | three forms of viral hepatitis can be distinguished serologically. hepatitis a virus is a picornavirus, which is being studied increasingly after its propagation in cell cultures. the b virus (hbv) is the prototype of a family now termed hepadna viruses and is by far the best understood. the third, by exclusion, is non-a non-b, about which little else is known. molecular cloning methods enable copies of viral genes to be propagated and analysed quite readily and provide the means for isolation a ... | 1987 | 2884666 |
| sensitive assays for viral antibodies in saliva: an alternative to tests on serum. | paired serum and saliva specimens were tested by conventional assays and by igg-capture radioimmunoassays (gacria) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (gacelisa) for antibody to hepatitis a virus (hav, 100 pairs), human immunodeficiency virus (hiv, 53), hepatitis b virus core (hbc, 62), and rubella virus (30). conventional assays failed to detect viral antibodies in the saliva of 93 of 119 seropositive subjects. however, gacria detected the antibodies in both serum and saliva of all subjects ... | 1987 | 2885575 |
| isolation of hepatitis a virus from polluted river water on frp/3 cells. | 1987 | 2890922 | |
| aetiological association of a virus-like particle with enterically transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis. | virus-like particles, approximately 27 nm in diameter, were identified in faeces from an indian patient with enterically transmitted non-a, non-b (enanb) hepatitis. they were serologically distinct from hepatitis a virus (hav). nucleic acid extracted from the particles did not hybridize with cdna probes representing the genomes of hav, enteroviruses, and cardioviruses. chimpanzees were experimentally inoculated with faecal suspensions containing this 27 nm particle or with faeces from another ca ... | 1988 | 2894491 |
| rational programme for screening travellers for antibodies to hepatitis a virus. | a blood test and a saliva test for antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti hav) were offered to british travellers seeking human normal immunoglobulin (hnig) prophylaxis. the specimens were tested by an igg capture and a competitive radioimmunoassay (gacria, compria). by gacria 211 subjects were anti-hav positive and 358 anti-hav negative on both serum and saliva. 10 other seropositive subjects had weakly positive saliva reactions. there were three discrepant results. for the population investigated ... | 1988 | 2898594 |
| hepatitis a and b in non-institutionalized mentally retarded patients. | the high incidence of hepatitis a and b in institutionalized patients with down's syndrome is not fully understood. under poor hygienic conditions immunological alterations might predispose to these infections. to minimize environmental influences, 125 patients with down's syndrome (mean age 11.9 years) living at home with their families were studied for the occurrence of serological markers of hepatitis a and b. 106 outpatients with mental retardation of other genesis (mean age 12.4 years), and ... | 1985 | 2932380 |
| [etiological structure of viral hepatitis in the area about one of the cities in gorki province]. | the etiological structure of viral hepatitides (vh) in one of the towns of the gorky region was studied with the use of specific methods for diagnosing hepatitis a (detection of igm to hepatitis a virus) and hepatitis b (detection of hbsag in the passive hemagglutination test). the study revealed that hepatitis a was the major nosological from in the structure of vh among children and adults in the area under survey, which was documented by the detection of igm to hepatitis a virus. the form, se ... | 1987 | 2953151 |
| review of hepatitis non-a, non-b: the potential hazards in dental care. | several of the common viral agents that can cause hepatitis have been detected in body fluids, including saliva and blood, which may both form important routes for transmission of disease. the viruses most commonly implicated include hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis b virus (hbv), cytomegalovirus (cmv), and epstein-barr virus. hepatitis delta virus (hdv) can be found in persons positive for hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and presumably follows the same routes of transmission as hbv. herpe ... | 1988 | 2963986 |
| hepatitis a antibodies: prevalence and persistence in a group of mexican children. | the prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) was evaluated in sera from 275 asymptomatic infants and children under the age of five years and in 46 maternal-cord serum pairs, followed by sera obtained thereafter each month from the first to the fifth month of life in 29, 17, 9, 9 and 7 infants (a total of 163 serum samples). anti-hav was found in all cord blood sera, but its prevalence declined progressively to 0% among 19 infants aged eight months. four (25%) of 16 children ... | 1985 | 2981126 |
| the origin of the hm175 strain of hepatitis a virus. | 1985 | 2981939 | |
| etiopathogenetic aspects of hepatitis a. i. excretion of hepatitis a virus, biochemistry of liver function, and humoral immune response in patients with hepatitis a on admission to hospital. | the excretion of hepatitis a virus (hav) in stools from 30 patients with clinically overt hepatitis a infection on the day of their admission to the hospital was determined and compared with the dynamics and values of biochemical indices of hepatocyte injury as well as with the immune response to hav. virus was found in 16 out of 30 stools (53%) collected within 1 week after the appearance of clinical symptoms. in sera obtained on the day of hospitalization both igm and iga anti-hav were detecte ... | 1985 | 2983007 |
| infectious hepatitis a virus particles produced in cell culture consist of three distinct types with different buoyant densities in cscl. | although hepatitis a virus (hav) released by infected bs-c-1 cells banded predominantly at 1.325 g/cm3 (major component) in cscl, smaller proportions of infectious virions banded at 1.42 g/cm3 (dense hav particles) and at 1.27 g/cm3 (previously unrecognized light hav particles). cdna-rna hybridization confirmed the banding of viral rna at each density, and immune electron microscopy demonstrated apparently complete viral particles in each peak fraction. the ratio of the infectivity (radioimmunof ... | 1985 | 2983123 |
| [simultaneous detection of igm antibodies against the hepatitis a virus and the viral capsid antigen of epstein-barr virus in acute hepatitis]. | the simultaneous detection of igm antibodies to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav igm) and igm antibodies to viral capsid antigen (anti-vca igm) of epstein-barr virus (ebv) in patients with acute viral hepatitis has led us to systematically study serological markers of ebv in patients with anti-hav igm positive acute hepatitis and to test for anti-hav igm in sera of patients with acute hepatitis associated with serological evidence of current primary ebv infection. all patients studied were hbsag nega ... | 1985 | 2984075 |
| nosocomial infection with hepatitis a. | nosocomial spread of hepatitis a is very uncommon but may occur under unusual circumstances, as shown by the incident described here and by the few other published reports. in this incident it is concluded that the patient, who was the index case, was excreting hepatitis a virus in the faeces 16 days before jaundice developed and 17 days before alanine aminotransferase (alt) values reached a peak. | 1985 | 2984294 |
| prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis a virus among urban children aged 0-7 years in yugoslavia. | in a study of the prevalence of hepatitis a virus antibody in urban yugoslav children aged 0-7 years, 18.2% were positive; most of them were only a few months old. the maternal origin of antibody in these very young children could be inferred from the rapid decrease of antibody during the first 5-7 months of life, following which period until the age of 7 years, there was no significant increase in the proportion with antibody. it was concluded that the age range included in this study (0-7 year ... | 1985 | 2984295 |
| sequence analysis of hepatitis a virus cdna coding for capsid proteins and rna polymerase. | we report here the nucleotide sequence corresponding to two large regions of the hepatitis a virus (hav) genome. these comprise a sequence of 3274 bases corresponding to the 5' end of the genome, which includes the putative capsid protein region of this picornavirus, and 1590 bases corresponding to the 3' end of the genome, terminating in a 15-base poly(a) tract. these sequences revealed that hav had the characteristic genomic organization of picornaviruses: an open reading frame beginning appro ... | 1985 | 2984684 |
| molecular cloning and partial sequencing of hepatitis a viral cdna. | hepatitis a virus was purified from infected monkey kidney cell cultures, and the viral rna was used to synthesize double-stranded cdna. this cdna was cloned either after insertion into a plasmid-primed synthesis system or after insertion into the psti site of pbr322. the resulting clones were mapped by restriction endonuclease analysis and by cross hybridization of the viral inserts to generate a composite map which represented at least 97% of the viral genome, lacking ca. 220 bases from the 5' ... | 1985 | 2985793 |
| primary structure and gene organization of human hepatitis a virus. | the rna genome of human hepatitis a virus (hav) was molecularly cloned. recombinant dna clones representing the entire hav rna were used to determine the primary structure of the viral genome. the length of the viral genome is 7478 nucleotides. an open reading frame starting at nucleotide 734 and terminating at nucleotide 7415 encodes a polyprotein of mr 251,940. comparison of the hav nucleotide sequence with that of other picornaviruses has failed to reveal detectable areas of homology. however ... | 1985 | 2986127 |
| [hepatitis a foci in children's collectives studied by using clinico-biochemical, virological and serological diagnostic methods]. | in 4 foci of hepatitis a (ha) at children's institutions in moscow 218 children and 30 staff members were examined. simultaneously with clinico-biochemical studies, specific igm and igg in the blood and hepatitis a virus (hav) antigen in feces were determined by radioimmunoassay. different forms of ha were detected in 29.1% of children in kindergartens, 19.4% of school children and 3.3% of adults, which was due to great differences in the size of the immune stratum among them (igg to hav was det ... | 1985 | 2986394 |
| transmission of viral infections by the water route: implications for developing countries. | the "enteric" virus group comprises greater than 100 different viruses. these viruses typically infect the cell lining of the alimentary canal and are discharged in very large numbers in the feces of infected persons. contamination of water supplies by enteric viruses represents an important source of viral infection. many communities, particularly in developing countries, depend on sewage-polluted sources for their recreational and drinking water. because conventional methods of sewage and wate ... | 1985 | 2988098 |
| serologic markers of hepatitis a and b in the population of bali, indonesia. | a total of 343 sera from balinese subjects in different age groups and geographic locations were tested by radioimmunoassay (ria) for serum antibodies to hepatitis b surface antigen (anti-hbs) and hepatitis b core antigen (anti-hbc); most sera were also tested for hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), and for antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav). one hundred percent of the adult population was found to have anti-hav, with antibody acquisition beginning in early childhood and reaching a level ... | 1985 | 2988352 |
| persistently infected cultures as a source of hepatitis a virus. | primary african green monkey kidney, continuous african green monkey kidney cell line bs-c-1, and buffalo green monkey kidney cultures were infected with a uniform inoculum of hepatitis a virus (hav). although both the cell line bs-c-1 and primary african green monkey kidney cultures produced useful amounts of virus, hav was detected earlier and in greater quantities in primary african green monkey kidney cultures. a persistently infected primary african green monkey kidney culture was developed ... | 1985 | 2988436 |
| human and chimpanzee monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibody-secreting cell lines were isolated after transformation of peripheral blood leukocytes with epstein-barr virus. blood samples were obtained from human donors having circulating antibodies against hepatitis viruses (hab, hbv), rubella, or rabies virus and from a chimpanzee infected with hav. dextran-isolated leukocytes were submitted to epstein-barr virus infection at low cell concentrations (1 x 10(4) cells x ml-1). proliferating clones could be observed in 50-100% of the cul ... | 1985 | 2989374 |
| hepatitis a virus infection and the interferon system. | 1985 | 2989383 | |
| revisiting the holy cross football team hepatitis outbreak (1969) by serological analysis. | clinical and biochemical data collected during the holy cross college football team hepatitis a outbreak in 1969 suggested that 32 team members had icteric hepatitis, 58 had anicteric illness, and only seven were not infected. using a currently available radioimmunoassay, we tested stored serum samples obtained during the outbreak for igm antibody to hepatitis a virus (igm anti-hav). only individuals with icteric hepatitis were found to have igm anti-hav in serum; those with presumed anicteric i ... | 1985 | 2989569 |