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discriminating farmed gilthead sea bream sparus aurata and european sea bass dicentrarchus labrax from wild stocks through scales and otoliths.the study of mass and standard length (l(s) ) relationships showed that farmed individuals had higher values than wild fishes for both gilthead sea bream sparus aurata and european sea bass dicentrarchus labrax. such differences were more pronounced in larger individuals than smaller ones and were more noticeable in s. aurata than in d. labrax. additionally, differences in external characteristics of scales were detected between origins. a high proportion of farmed s. aurata had a regenerated nu ...201222551175
increases in immune parameters by inulin and bacillus subtilis dietary administration to gilthead seabream (sparus aurata l.) did not correlate with disease resistance to photobacterium damselae.the present work evaluates the effects of inulin and bacillus subtilis, single or combined, on immune parameters, immune-related gene expression and protection against photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida in gilthead seabream (sparus aurata). three trials were conducted. in the first trial, different concentrations of inulin (10, 15 and 30 g kg(-1)) (as a prebiotic) were administered to determine the optimal concentration for stimulating the seabream's immune system. in the second trial, the ...201222554575
elemental composition of four farmed fish produced in portugal.farmed gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata), european sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax), rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and turbot (psetta maxima) produced in portugal were analysed in order to characterize their elemental composition. atomic absorption (flame and cold vapour) and molecular absorption spectrometry techniques were used to determine all the studied elements. similar patterns of macro, trace and ultra trace elements were observed for all fish species. the main elements were potass ...201222574998
fast skeletal muscle transcriptome of the gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) determined by next generation sequencing.the gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata l.) occurs around the mediterranean and along eastern atlantic coasts from great britain to senegal. it is tolerant of a wide range of temperatures and salinities and is often found in brackish coastal lagoons and estuarine areas, particularly early in its life cycle. gilthead sea bream are extensively cultivated in the mediterranean with an annual production of 125,000 metric tonnes. here we present a de novo assembly of the fast skeletal muscle transcripto ...201222577894
structure, tissue distribution and estrogen regulation of splice variants of the sea bream estrogen receptor α gene.estrogen actions are mainly mediated by specific nuclear estrogen receptors (ers), for which different genes and a diversity of transcript variants have been identified, mainly in mammals. in this study, we investigated the presence of er splice variants in the teleost fish gilthead sea bream (sparus auratus), by comparison with the genomic organization of the related species takifugu rubripes. two exon2-deleted erα transcript variants were isolated from liver cdna of estradiol-treated fish. the ...201222579469
cloning and expression pattern of facilitative glucose transporter 1 (glut1) in gilthead sea bream sparus aurata in response to salinity acclimation.facilitative glucose transporters (glut) are transmembrane transporter proteins involved in glucose transport across the plasma membrane. in fish, several glut mrnas have been cloned, but to date there is no information about these transporters in the marine euryhaline teleost sparus aurata. in the present study we obtained the complete coding sequence from s. aurata glut1 (saglut1), composed by 4483 bases, presenting a 79 to 95% identity with respect to other fish glut1 mrnas. the analysis of t ...201222580053
effects of dietary bacillus subtilis, tetraselmis chuii, and phaeodactylum tricornutum, singularly or in combination, on the immune response and disease resistance of sea bream (sparus aurata l.).combined or individual effects of two microalgae (phaeodactylum tricornutum and tetraselmis chuii) and bacillus subtilis on immune response, gene expression, and survival to challenge with photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida of gilthead sea bream were investigated. to test the capacity of b. subtilis to grow employing the microalgae polysaccharides as energy and carbon source, an in vitro assay was defined, and demonstrated that the digestion product of microalgae, mainly p. tricornutum, su ...201222634255
detection of vana-containing enterococcus species in faecal microbiota of gilthead seabream (sparus aurata).vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecalis, e. faecium and e. durans isolates with the genotype vana were detected in 7 of 118 faecal samples (5.9%) of natural gilthead seabream recovered off the coast of portugal, and one vancomycin-resistant isolate/sample was further characterized. the genes erm(b), tet(l), tet(m), aac(6')-aph(2"), aph(3')-iiia and/or ant(6)-ia were identified in most of the 7 vancomycin-resistant enterococci. sequence types st273, st313 and st76 were detected in three e. fae ...201222641152
differentiation of fresh and frozen/thawed fish, european sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax), gilthead seabream (sparus aurata), cod (gadus morhua) and salmon (salmo salar), using volatile compounds by spme/gc/ms.a simple method based on solid phase microextraction/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (spme/gc/ms) was applied for studying the volatile profiles of whole fish samples of european sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead seabream (sparus aurata) and fillets of cod (gadus morhua) and salmon (salmo salar) during frozen storage in order to be able to differentiate a fresh product from one that has been frozen. analysis of volatile compounds was performed on these two product types, fresh an ...201222641336
metabolic effects of insulin and igfs on gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) muscle cells.primary cultures of gilthead sea bream myocytes were performed in order to examine the relative metabolic function of insulin compared with igf-i and igf-ii (insulin-like growth factors, igfs) at different stages in the cell culture. in these cells, the in vitro effects of insulin and igfs on 2-deoxyglucose (2-dg) and l-alanine uptake were studied in both myocytes (day 4) and small myotubes (day 9). 2-dg uptake in gilthead sea bream muscle cells was increased in the presence of insulin and igfs ...201222654873
modulation of the igm gene expression and igm immunoreactive cell distribution by the nutritional background in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) challenged with enteromyxum leei (myxozoa).the aim of the present work was to determine if a plant protein-based diet containing vegetable oils (vo) as the major lipid source could alter the distribution of igm immunoreactive cells (ircs) and the igm expression pattern in the intestine and haematopoietic tissues of gilthead sea bream (gsb) (sparus aurata) challenged with the myxosporean enteromyxum leei. in a first trial (t1), gsb fed for 9 months either a fish oil (fo) diet or a blend of vo at 66% of replacement (66vo diet) was challeng ...201222659442
phenotypic characterization and rapd fingerprinting of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio alginolyticus isolated during tunisian fish farm outbreaks.the genus vibrio is characterized by a large number of species and some of them are human pathogens causing gastrointestinal and wound infections through the ingestion or manipulation of contaminated fishes and shellfish including vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio alginolyticus. in this study, we reported the phenotypic and molecular characterization of 9 v. parahaemolyticus and 27 v. alginolyticus strains isolated from outbreaks affecting cultured gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata l.) and sea ...201322684973
in vitro effect of peas, pisum pisum, and chickpeas, cicer arietinum, on the immune system of gilthead seabream, sparus aurata.the future for a sustainable aquaculture relies on the formulation of feed including alternatives to fish meal and fish oil that do not impair fish growth and that improve fish health status. grain legumes such as field peas and chickpeas offer good sources of proteins, carbohydrates, fibers, vitamins, and minerals. the effect of peas and chickpeas on the immune system of seabream was assessed in vitro in order to detect any potential immunosuppressing problem. peas was determined to be a better ...201222752638
water absorption and bicarbonate secretion in the intestine of the sea bream are regulated by transmembrane and soluble adenylyl cyclase stimulation.in the marine fish intestine luminal, hco₃⁻ can remove divalent ions (calcium and magnesium) by precipitation in the form of carbonate aggregates. the process of epithelial hco₃⁻ secretion is under endocrine control, therefore, in this study we aimed to characterize the involvement of transmembrane (tmacs) and soluble (sacs) adenylyl cyclases on the regulation of bicarbonate secretion (bcs) and water absorption in the intestine of the sea bream (sparus aurata). we observed that all sections of s ...201222752677
effects of chronic cortisol administration on global expression of gr and the liver transcriptome in sparus aurata.the present work was designed to assess the effects of artificially increased high plasma cortisol levels induced by slow-release cortisol implants on the mrna abundance of the glucocorticoid receptor (gr) in different organs of sparus aurata (gilthead sea bream), as well as to evaluate global transcriptional changes in the liver, using the aquagenomics s. aurata oligo-nucleotide microarray technology. for that purpose, groups of fish were intraperitoneally injected with implants containing two ...201322777624
characterization of european sea bass transcripts by rna seq after oral vaccine against v. anguillarum.the european sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax) is, along with the gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata), one of the most extensively cultured species in european aquaculture productions. massive mortalities may be caused by bacterial or viral infections in intensive aquaculture production. evaluation of the efficacy of an oral vaccine against vibrio anguillarum (aquavac vibrio oral) in sea bass revealed specific immune gene expression profiles in the gut as well as protection of fish. in the present ...201222790793
ozone disinfection of eggs from gilthead seabream sparus aurata, sea bass dicentrarchus labrax, red porgy, and common dentex dentex dentex.the risk of fish pathogen transmission via eggs can be reduced by disinfection in ozonated seawater. the aim of this study was to determine the suitable conditions for ozone disinfection of the eggs of gilthead seabream sparus aurata, sea bass dicentrarchus labrax, red porgy pagrus pagrus, and common dentex dentex dentex. the eggs were disinfected with a concentration (c) of 0.5 mg of ozone/l of water at four different exposure times (t = 2, 4, 8, and 16 min). the hatching rate was determined in ...201222838084
cloning and expression analysis of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone receptor during the reproductive cycle in korean rockfish (sebastes schlegeli).full-length cdna sequences encoding the receptors for follicle-stimulating hormone (fshr) and luteinizing hormone (lhr) were isolated from ovary of korean rockfish (sebastes schlegeli) using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and rapid amplification of cdna ends procedures. the cdna of the krfshr encodes a predicted protein of 703 amino acids that showed the greatest homology with european seabass (dicentrarchus labrax) (78 %) and gilthead seabream (sparus aurata) (73 %). the ...201322843313
prolactin regulates luminal bicarbonate secretion in the intestine of the sea bream (sparus aurata l.).the pituitary hormone prolactin is a pleiotropic endocrine factor that plays a major role in the regulation of ion balance in fish, with demonstrated actions mainly in the gills and kidney. the role of prolactin in intestinal ion transport remains little studied. in marine fish, which have high drinking rates, epithelial bicarbonate secretion in the intestine produces luminal carbonate aggregates believed to play a key role in water and ion homeostasis. the present study was designed to establis ...201222855618
effect of ration size on fillet fatty acid composition, phospholipid allostasis and mrna expression patterns of lipid regulatory genes in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata).the effect of ration size on muscle fatty acid (fa) composition and mrna expression levels of key regulatory enzymes of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism have been addressed in juveniles of gilthead sea bream fed a practical diet over the course of an 11-week trial. the experimental setup included three feeding levels: (i) full ration until visual satiety, (ii) 70 % of satiation and (iii) 70 % of satiation with the last 2 weeks at the maintenance ration. feed restriction reduced lipid content of ...201322856503
the in vitro effect of probiotic vagococcus fluvialis on the innate immune parameters of sparus aurata and dicentrarchus labrax.in this study we evaluated the effect of the probiotic vagococcus fluvialis on the cellular immune unspecific system of two different fish species of great interest in aquaculture such as gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) and european sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax). leucocytes from head kidney of the two fish species were extracted and concentration adjusted to 10(7) cells ml(-1). phagocytic and respiratory burst activity and the peroxidase content of leucocytes were observed 30 min after incu ...201222864109
sodium alginate as feed additive in cultured sea bream (sparus aurata): does it modify the quality of the flesh?the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sodium alginate obtained from brown seaweed as a prebiotic supplement to the feed of reared sea bream (sparus aurata). addition of the alginate to a control diet was investigated at both concentrations 2% and 5%. proximate composition in the flesh were not modified significantly by sodium alginate inclusion in the diet of the sea bream; however the fat and ash content in the specimens supplemented with 5% alginate were found to be signifi ...201222868148
effect of nutrition and enteromyxum leei infection on gilthead sea bream sparus aurata intestinal carbohydrate distribution.the effect of a practical plant protein-based diet containing vegetable oils (vo) as the major lipid source on the mucosal carbohydrate pattern of the intestine was studied in gilthead sea bream sparus aurata challenged with the myxosporean parasite enteromyxum leei. fish fed for 9 mo either a fish oil (fo) diet or a blend of vo at 66% of replacement (66vo diet) were exposed to parasite-contaminated water effluent. samples of the anterior, middle and posterior intestine (ai, mi and pi, respectiv ...201222885511
essa1 embryonic stem like cells from gilthead seabream: a new tool to study mesenchymal cell lineage differentiation in fish.embryonic stem (es) cells are a promising tool for generation of transgenic animals and an ideal experimental model for in vitro studies of embryonic cell development, differentiation and gene manipulation. here we report the development and initial characterization of a pluripotent embryonic stem like cell line, designated as essa1, derived from blastula stage embryos of the gilthead seabream (sparus aurata, l). essa1 cells are cultured in leibovitz's l-15 medium supplemented with 5% fetal bovi ...201222903186
structural and functional characterizations of activin type 2b receptor (acvr2b) ortholog from the marine fish, gilthead sea bream, sparus aurata: evidence for gene duplication of acvr2b in fish.myostatin (mstn), a negative regulator of muscle growth and a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, can bind the two activin type 2 receptors (acvr2). it has been previously shown that wt mice injected with acvr2b extracellular domain (acvr2b-ecd) had higher muscle mass. likewise, fish larvae immersed in pichia pastoris culture supernatant, containing goldfish acvr2b-ecd, showed enhanced larval growth. however, it is not clear whether fish mstn1 and mstn2 signal through the sam ...201222911153
beneficial effects of sustained activity on the use of dietary protein and carbohydrate traced with stable isotopes 15n and 13c in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata).to determine the effects of sustained swimming on the use and fate of dietary nutrients in gilthead sea bream, a group of fish were forced to undertake moderate and sustained swimming (1.5 bl s(-1)) for 3 weeks and compared with a control group undertaking voluntary activity. the exercise group showed a significant increase in specific growth rate (c: 1.13 ± 0.05; e: 1.32 ± 0.06 % day(-1), p < 0.05) with no significant change in food intake (c: 3.56 ± 0.20; e: 3.84 ± 0.03 % of body weight). the ...201322918602
dietary vegetable oils do not alter the intestine transcriptome of gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata), but modulate the transcriptomic response to infection with enteromyxum leei.studies conducted with gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata l.) have determined the maximum dietary replacement of fish meal and oil without compromising growth or product quality. the present study aimed to analyze the effect of the nutritional background on fish health and fish fed plant protein-based diets with fish oil (fo diet) or a blend of vegetable oils (66vo diet) were exposed for 102 days to the intestinal myxosporean parasite enteromyxum leei, and the intestine transcriptome was analyzed ...201222967181
nodavirus infection induces a great innate cell-mediated cytotoxic activity in resistant, gilthead seabream, and susceptible, european sea bass, teleost fish.viral nervous necrosis (vnn) virus produces great mortalities in fish having susceptible and reservoir species between the most important marine aquaculture species. cell-mediated cytotoxicity (cmc) is considered, towards the interferon (ifn), the most important mechanism of the immune response to fight against viral infections but it has been very scarcely evaluated. we aimed to evaluate the effects of vnnv infection in the reservoir gilthead seabream (sparus aurata) and susceptible european se ...201222981914
a monogenean fish parasite, gyrodactylus chileani n. sp., belonging to a novel marine species lineage found in the south-eastern pacific and the mediterranean and north seas.gyrodactylus chileani n. sp. is the first gyrodactylus species reported from chile. it is an ectoparasite living on fins and skin of a small fish, the chilean tidal pond dweller helcogrammoides chilensis (cancino) (perciformes: tripterygiidae). a phylogenetic analysis based on 5.8s+its2 of rdna placed the new species close to marine gyrodactylus species found in europe: g. orecchiae paladini, cable, fioravanti, faria, cave & shinn, 2009 on gilthead seabream sparus aurata l. from the adriatic and ...201222983803
effects of chemical and handling exposure on fatty acids, oxidative stress and morphological welfare indicators in gilt-head sea bream (sparus aurata).this work investigates the changes in the morphological traits, body composition, body fat and oxidative stress of sparus aurata under two stress conditions: a low weekly exposure to the pesticide diuron and chronic handling stress. the fish exposed to handling stress showed lower values in the morphological traits and perivisceral fat, whereas chemical stress induced a decrease in the percentage of muscle and carcase and an increase in the percentage of spleen and hepatosomatic index. the two s ...201323010939
the goitrogenic efficiency of thioamides in a marine teleost, sea bream (sparus auratus).studies on the role of thyroid hormones (ths) in teleost fish physiology have deployed the synthetic goitrogens, methimazol (mmi), propilthiouracil (ptu) and thiourea (tu) that are used to treat human hyperthyroidism. however, the action of the goitrogens, mmi, ptu and tu at different levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (hpt) axis in teleosts is largely unknown. the central importance of the hypothalamus and pituitary in a number of endocrine regulated systems and the cross-talk that oc ...201223032075
divergent responsiveness of the dentary and vertebral bone to a selective estrogen-receptor modulator (serm) in the teleost sparus auratus.in teleosts the regulation of skeletal homeostasis and turnover by estrogen is poorly understood. for this reason raloxifene, a selective estrogen-receptor modulator (serm), was administered to sea bream (sparus auratus) and its effect on plasma calcium balance and transcript expression in dentary (dermal bone) and vertebra (perichondral bone) was studied. the concentration of total calcium or phosphorus in plasma was unchanged by raloxifene treatment for 6days. the activity of alkaline phosphat ...201223036732
adaptation to different salinities exposes functional specialization in the intestine of the sea bream (sparus aurata l.).the processing of intestinal fluid, in addition to a high drinking rate, is essential for osmoregulation in marine fish. this study analyzed the long-term response of the sea bream (sparus aurata l.) to relevant changes of external salinity (12, 35 and 55 p.p.t.), focusing on the anterior intestine and in the less-often studied rectum. intestinal water absorption, epithelial hco(3)(-) secretion and gene expression of the main molecular mechanisms (slc26a6, slc26a3, slc4a4, atp6v1b, cftr, nkcc1 a ...201323038737
histological alterations and microbial ecology of the intestine in gilthead seabream (sparus aurata l.) fed dietary probiotics and microalgae.the effects on histology and microbial ecology in gilthead seabream (sparus aurata) intestine caused by dietary probiotic and microalgae were studied. fish were fed non-supplemented (c, control) or supplemented diets with tetraselmis chuii, phaeodactylum tricornutum and bacillus subtilis single or combined (diets t, p, b, bt and bp) for 4 weeks. curiously, fish fed the experimental diets showed similar morphological alterations when studied by light and electron microscopy and significant signs ...201223053048
expression of developmental-stage-specific genes in the gilthead sea bream sparus aurata l.the mechanism of early fish development as well as the control of egg quality is of great importance for the ability of the oocyte to develop after fertilization. embryonic development is initially regulated by maternally provided mrnas and later by the zygotic genome. maternal mrnas have an important role in initiating processes crucial to patterning the developing fish embryo. furthermore, it has been shown that maternal rna plays an important role in egg quality. the identification and charac ...201323053055
cadmium exposure affects the expression of genes involved in skeletogenesis and stress response in gilthead sea bream larvae.gilthead sea bream larvae (sparus aurata) aged 47 days post hatching (dph) (11.6-12.8 mg in wet weight) were exposed to several sublethal concentrations of cd(2+) (0.1, 5 and 10 mg/l) during 6 days in order to investigate the effects of this heavy metal on the expression of selected genes involved in detoxification (metallothionein-mt, glutathione peroxidase 1-gpx1), stress response (heat shock protein 70-hsp70, tumour necrosis factor α-tnfα) and ossification (osteocalcin-oc) processes. for this ...201323053610
effects of diet supplementation with white tea and methionine on lipid metabolism of gilthead sea bream juveniles (sparus aurata).a growth trial was performed with gilthead sea bream juveniles (sparus aurata) to evaluate the effect of diet supplementation with white tea and methionine on fish performance and lipid metabolism. for that purpose, four diets were formulated: a fish meal-based diet (control) and diets identical to the control diet but supplemented with 2.9 % white tea (tea), 0.3 % methionine (met) or 2.9 % white tea plus 0.3 % methionine (tea + met). growth performance and feed efficiency parameters, whole-body ...201323053611
microsatellite length variation in candidate genes correlates with habitat in the gilthead sea bream sparus aurata.the genetic basis and evolutionary implications of local adaptation in high gene flow marine organisms are still poorly understood. in several mediterranean fish species, alternative migration patterns exist between individuals entering coastal lagoons that offer favourable conditions for growth and those staying in the sea where environmental conditions are less subject to rapid and stressful change. whether these coexisting strategies are phenotypically plastic or include a role for local adap ...201223061421
effects of enteromyxum leei (myxozoa) infection on gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) (teleostei) intestinal mucus: glycoprotein profile and bacterial adhesion.the intestinal myxosporean parasite enteromyxum leei causes severe desquamative enteritis in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) (teleostei) that impairs nutrient absorption causing anorexia and cachexia. in fish, as in terrestrial vertebrates, intestinal goblet cells are responsible for the adherent mucus secretion overlying epithelial cells, which constitutes a first line of innate immune defense against offending microorganisms but serves also as substrate and nutrient source for the commensal ...201323086443
effect of lipopolysaccharides from vibrio alginolyticus on the mx gene expression and virus recovery from gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata l.) experimentally infected with nodavirus.infections with nodavirus affect a wild and farmed fish species throughout the world, mostly from the marine environment. the aim of this work was to determine the immune status of gilthead sea bream that comes as a result of a nodavirus infection, induced by activation of the interferon response pathway by lipopolysaccharides from vibrio alginolyticus and the expression of interferoninduced mx protein in liver samples. the enhancement of mx protein gene expression was detected in liver samples ...201323092730
neuropeptides isotocin and arginine vasotocin in urophysis of three fish species.in this study, for the first time, both neuropeptides isotocin (it) and arginine vasotocin (avt) have been identified and measured in urophysis, the neurohaemal organ of the caudal neurosecretory system of teleost fish. so far, avt, but not it, was quantified by radioimmunoassay (ria) in urophysis of several fish species. we have used high-performance liquid chromatographic assay with fluorescence detection (hplc-fl) preceded by solid-phase extraction (spe) and liquid chromatography-electrospray ...201323142930
transmission of lymphocystis disease virus to cultured gilthead seabream, sparus aurata l., larvae.the transmission of lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) to gilthead seabream, sparus aurata l., larvae was investigated using fertilized eggs from a farm with previous reports of lymphocystis disease. lcdv genome was detected by pcr-hybridization in blood samples from 17.5% of the asymptomatic gilthead seabream broodstock analysed. using the same methodology, eggs spawned from these animals were lcdv positive, as well as larvae hatched from them. the presence of infective viral particles was confi ...201323163555
glycogenesis and de novo lipid synthesis from dietary starch in juvenile gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) quantified with stable isotopes.the effects of replacing a digestible energy source from fat (fish oil) with carbohydrate (wheat starch) on performance, glycogenesis and de novo lipogenesis was examined in triplicate groups of juvenile gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata), fed four extruded experimental diets. in order to trace the metabolic fate of dietary starch, 0.7% wheat starch was replaced with isotope-labelled starch (>98% 13c). fish were fed the experimental diets for three consecutive 10 d periods, and isotope ratio ms ...201323186693
caspase-1 and il-1β processing in a teleost fish.interleukine-1β (il-1β) is the most studied pro-inflammatory cytokine, playing a central role in the generation of systemic and local responses to infection, injury, and immunological challenges. in mammals, il-1β is synthesized as an inactive 31 kda precursor that is cleaved by caspase-1 generating a 17.5 kda secreted active mature form. the caspase-1 cleavage site strictly conserved in all mammalian il-1β sequences is absent in il-1β sequences reported for non-mammalian vertebrates. recently, ...201223226286
differentiation of sparidae species by dna sequence analysis, pcr-sscp and ief of sarcoplasmic proteins.the increasing global trade of fishery and aquaculture products makes it necessary to develop methods for species identification in case of fish fillets or other highly processed seafood with external morphological characteristics (e.g. gills, fins) of the original fish being removed. species identification methods based on dna- or protein-analysis, like dna sequencing of pcr products, pcr-sscp (polymerase chain reaction - single strand conformation polymorphism), and isoelectric focusing (ief) ...201323265470
levels of (210)po in some commercial fish species consumed in the aegean sea coast of turkey and the related dose assessment to the coastal population.concentrations of (210)po were determined in the edible muscle tissue of five species of marine fish: sardine (sardine plichardus) and anchovy (engraulis encrasicolus), red mullet (mullus barbatus), horse mackerel (trachurus trachurus) and gilt-head sea bream (sparus aurata) collected from five stations in the aegean sea region of turkey during the fishery season 2010. the (210)po concentrations in the fish samples were found to vary from not detected levels to 389 ± 45 bq kg(-1) dry wt. these v ...201323268115
seasonal variations of cellular stress response of the gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata).the present study aimed to investigate the seasonal cellular stress response in vital organs, like the heart, the liver, the whole blood and the skeletal (red and white) muscles of the mediterranean fish sparus aurata during a 1-year acclimatization period in the field, in two examined depths (0-2 m and 10-12 m). processes studied included heat shock protein expression and protein kinase activation. molecular responses were addressed through the expression of hsp70 and hsp90, the phosphorylation ...201323269615
molecular epidemiology of betanodaviruses isolated from sea bass and sea bream cultured along the tunisian coasts.viral nervous necrosis (vnn) is a serious viral disease affecting farmed sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax). only scarce molecular data are available on the disease-causing betanodavirus populations in tunisia. therefore, we carried out the first molecular survey of betanodaviruses in farmed sea bass and sea bream (sparus aurata) along the tunisian coasts. among 81 samples from five farms, 20 tested positive with rt-pcr, not only in clinical cases but also in asymptomatic fish before and during out ...201323288625
effects of dietary inulin, bacillus subtilis and microalgae on intestinal gene expression in gilthead seabream (sparus aurata l.).the present work describes effects of dietary inulin, two microalgae (tetraselmis chuii and phaeodactylum tricornutum) and bacillus subtilis (solely or combined with inulin or microalgae) on the expression of different genes in the intestine of the gilthead seabream (sparus aurata l.) following four weeks of a feeding trial. selected genes were grouped into five categories: genes involved in inflammation (genes encoding proinflammatory proteins), genes related to the cytoskeleton, genes encoding ...201323318995
florfenicol depletion in edible tissue of rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), and sea bream, sparus aurata l.an increase in fish production has consequently brought an increase in infectious diseases in fish farms. the use of chemotherapic drugs is the most effective instrument against common bacterial agents. the number of registered drugs for use in aquaculture is limited and often veterinary practitioners resort to the off-label use of chemotherapic agents authorized for different food-producing animal species. florfenicol is well known for its outstanding effect against various pathogenic bacteria ...201323384074
taurine and fish development: insights for the aquaculture industry.expansion of the aquaculture industry is limited by incomplete knowledge on fish larval nutritional requirements. nevertheless, it is believed that dietary taurine deficiencies may be particularly critical for fish larvae. the reasons include the high taurine levels found during egg and yolk-sac stages of fish, suggesting that taurine may be of pivotal importance for larval development. moreover, unlike aquaculture feeds, natural preys of fish larvae contain high taurine levels, and dietary taur ...201323392894
changes in intestinal morphology and microbiota caused by dietary administration of inulin and bacillus subtilis in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata l.) specimens.changes produced in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata l.) intestinal morphology and microbiota caused by dietary administration of inulin and bacillus subtilis have been studied. gilthead sea bream specimens were fed diets containing 0 (control), inulin (10 g kg(-1)), b. subtilis (10(7) cfu g(-1)), or b. subtilis + inulin (10(7) cfu g(-1) + 10 g kg(-1)) for four weeks. curiously, fish fed the experimental diets (inulin, b. subtilis, or b. subtilis + inulin) showed the same morphological alterati ...201323403157
multidisciplinary analytical investigation of phospholipids and triglycerides in offshore farmed gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) fed commercial diets.in this work, a quantitative characterisation of lipid (both triglycerides and phospholipids) rearrangements in the muscle of offshore-raised gilthead sea bream was carried out as a function of fish growth between april and september. relative percentages of lipid classes and fatty acids/acyls composition of the commercial feeds and fish dorsal muscles were assessed by means of an interdisciplinary analytical approach. a combination of preparative chemistry and experimental results from nmr spec ...201323411224
evaluation of sea bream (sparus aurata) shelf life using an optoelectronic nose.a new optoelectronic nose for the shelf-life assessment of fresh sea bream in cold storage has been developed. the chromogenic array used eight sensing materials (based on aluminium oxide and silica gel) containing ph indicators, lewis acids and an oxidation-reduction indicator. the colour changes of the sensor array were characteristic of sea bream spoilage. colour modulations were measured on day 0 and for the samples held in cold storage for 2, 4, 7, 9 and 11 days. determination of moisture c ...201323411257
pept1 mrna expression levels in sea bream (sparus aurata) fed different plant protein sources.the expression and regulation of intestinal oligopeptide transporter (pept)-1 when vegetable sources are used as a substitute for fish meal in the diet of marine fish has not yet been explored. in the present study, as part of our ongoing work on elucidating pept1 gene expression in relation to different dietary treatments, we have now isolated and deposited in genbank database (accession no. gu733710) a cdna sequence representing the pept1 in the sea bream (sparus aurata). the "de novo" predict ...201323449729
survival of listeria monocytogenes and salmonella enteritidis in sea bream (sparus aurata) fillets packaged under enriched co2 modified atmospheres.the effect of packaging of fresh sea bream fillets under different modified atmospheres (high levels of co2 combined with n2) on the behaviour of listeria monocytogenes and salmonella enteritidis was studied. two different strains of each pathogen were spread over the sea bream fillets stored at either 0 °c or 4 °c for 16 days under standard supermarket lighting conditions (14 h a day). the atmospheres investigated were 60% co2/40% n2, 70% co2/30% n2, 80% co2/20% n2 and air as control. mesophili ...201323454810
dietary oils mediate cortisol kinetics and the hepatic mrna expression profile of stress-responsive genes in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) exposed to crowding stress. implications on energy homeostasis and stress susceptibility.juveniles of gilthead sea bream were fed with plant protein-based diets with fish oil (fo diet) or vegetable oils (66vo diet) as dietary lipid sources. no differences in growth performance were found between both groups, and fish with an average body mass of 65-70 g were crowded (90-100 kg/m(3)) to assess the stress response within the 72 h after the onset of stressor. the rise in plasma cortisol and glucose levels was higher in stressed fish of group 66vo (66vo-s) than in fo group (fo-s), but t ...201323466468
gill morphology in two mediterranean sea fishes of similar feeding preferences: sea bream (sparus aurata l) and sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax).the aim of the present study was to describe the gill morphology of the gilthead sea bream and sea bass fishes that showed the same feeding habits. our study focused on the gross morphological, scanning and light microscopical features of the gills, where a many differences in the gill arches and gill rakers surface in both species were explained. our results marked that; there was an interbranchial median elevation appeared in sea bream. the gill arches length and the gaps between decreased med ...201323475751
high mortality of juvenile gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) from photobacteriosis is associated with alternative macrophage activation and anti-inflammatory response: results of gene expression profiling of early responses in the head kidney.the halophilic bacterium photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (phdp) represents a substantial health problem for several fish species in aquaculture. bacteria that reside free and inside phagocytes cause acute and chronic forms of photobacteriosis. infections of juveniles rapidly kill up to 90-100% fish. factors underlying failure of the immune protection against bacteria remain largely unknown. the reported study used a transcriptomic approach to address this issue. juvenile sea breams (0.5 ...201323485716
deep sequencing for de novo construction of a marine fish (sparus aurata) transcriptome database with a large coverage of protein-coding transcripts.the gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) is the main fish species cultured in the mediterranean area and constitutes an interesting model of research. nevertheless, transcriptomic and genomic data are still scarce for this highly valuable species. a transcriptome database was constructed by de novo assembly of gilthead sea bream sequences derived from public repositories of mrna and collections of expressed sequence tags together with new high-quality reads from five cdna 454 normalized libraries ...201323497320
insulin-like growth factors effects on the expression of myogenic regulatory factors in gilthead sea bream muscle cells.gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) is a widely cultured fish; however, muscle development regulation is poorly known. myogenesis can be activated by the myogenic regulatory factors (mrfs: myod, myf5, myogenin and mrf4) and by endocrine signals from the growth hormone (gh)/insulin-like growth factors (igfs) axis. we cultured gilthead sea bream myocytes to better understand the role of igfs in muscle growth and differentiation through the regulation of mrfs expression. first, we studied the expres ...201323500676
element levels in cultured and wild sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) from the adriatic sea and potential risk assessment.in this study, the role of aquaculture activity as a source of selected metals was analyzed. significant differences in element content between cultured (dicentrarchus labrax, sparus aurata) and wild fishes as well as between fish muscle and their feed were detected. higher concentrations of trace elements (i.e., as, cu, hg, se) in wild fish tissues in comparison with cultured ones indicate additional sources of metals beside fish feed as natural and/or anthropogenic sources. generally, mean cd, ...201423504489
regulation of natural killer enhancing factor (nkef) genes in teleost fish, gilthead seabream and european sea bass.peroxiredoxins (prx) are a family of antioxidant proteins also involved in inflammation and innate immunity. prx1 and prx2 are also known as natural killer enhancing factor (nkef)-a and nkef-b, respectively, by their ability to prime the mammalian nk-cells activity. in teleost fish, nkef genes have been isolated but their regulation has been scarcely evaluated. we have identified orthologues of the nkef-a and nkef-b genes in the teleost european sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax) which showed const ...201323511025
whole-genome sequence of the fish virulent strain streptococcus iniae iusa-1, isolated from gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) and red porgy (pagrus pagrus).streptococcus iniae is a major fish pathogen that produces invasive infections that result in economic losses in aquaculture. in this study, the draft genome sequence of streptococcus iniae strain iusa-1, isolated from a natural outbreak affecting gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) and red porgy (pagrus pagrus), is presented.201323516181
characterization and endocrine regulation of proliferation and differentiation of primary cultured preadipocytes from gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata).a preadipocyte primary cell culture was established to gain knowledge about adipose tissue development in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata), one of the most extensively produced marine aquaculture species in the mediterranean. the preadipocytes obtained from the stromal-vascular cell fraction of adipose tissue proliferated in culture, reaching confluence around day 8. at that time, the addition of an adipogenic medium promoted differentiation of the cells into mature adipocytes, which showed an ...201323535263
cardicola langeli sp. n. (digenea: aporocotylidae) from heart of sheepshead, archosargus probatocephalus (actinopterygii: sparidae) in the gulf of mexico, with an updated list of hosts, infection sites and localities for cardicola spp.cardicola langeli n. sp. (digenea: aporocotylidae) infects the heart of sheepshead, archosargus probatocephalus (walbaum, 1792) (perciformes: sparidae) in the northern gulf of mexico off horn island (type locality), mississippi, usa. the new species is described herein using light and scanning electron microscopy of adult specimens and can be most easily distinguished from the other 24 accepted species of cardicola short, 1953 by the combination of having (i) an ovovitelline duct that extends an ...201323539948
molecular cloning, phylogenetic analysis and functional characterization of soluble toll-like receptor 5 in gilthead seabream, sparus aurata.two forms of tlr5, one membrane-anchored and one soluble, have been described in some teleost fish species. however, the exact role of each form has been poorly studied. in the present study, we show that the mrna levels of soluble gilthead seabream tlr5 (sbtlr5s) are highly induced in head kidney, spleen, liver and blood after vibrio anguillarum infection, suggesting an important role for sbtlr5s in the innate immune response against bacteria. comparative genomic and phylogenetic analyses revea ...201323571319
presence of contracaecum spp. in teleosts cultured and fished in sardinia.this study reports the results of the finding of contracaecum spp. during a survey on endoparasites isolated from cultured and wild fish and also from some cephalopods caught in sardinian waters. contracaecum spp. is a nematode belonging to the anisakidae, and is reported to cause zoonosis in humans. nematodes were detected after visual inspection and enzymatic digestion and then identified by morphologic observation, which was confirmed by pcr. the results show that contracaecum spp. were found ...201323597773
effects of dietary energy density and digestible protein:energy ratio on de novo lipid synthesis from dietary protein in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) quantified with stable isotopes.the effects of varying dietary digestible protein (dp) and digestible energy (de) content on performance, nutrient retention efficiency and the de novo lipogenesis of dp origin were examined in triplicate groups of gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata), fed nine extruded experimental diets. in order to trace the metabolic fate of dietary protein, 1·8% fishmeal was replaced with isotope-labelled whole protein (.98% 13c). the experiment was divided into a growth period lasting 89 d, growing fish from ...201323631822
light and feeding entrainment of the molecular circadian clock in a marine teleost (sparus aurata).daily light and feeding cycles act as powerful synchronizers of circadian rhythmicity. ultimately, these external cues entrain the expression of clock genes, which generate daily rhythmic behavioral and physiological responses in vertebrates. in the present study, we investigated clock genes in a marine teleost (gilthead sea bream). partial cdna sequences of key elements from both positive (bmal1, clock) and negative (per2, cry1) regulatory loops were cloned before studying how feeding time affe ...201323688119
proteomic approach to skin regeneration in a marine teleost: modulation by oestradiol-17β.skin and scale formation and regeneration in teleosts have mainly been described from a morphological perspective, and few studies of the underlying molecular events exist. the present study evaluates (1) the change in the skin proteome during its regeneration in a marine teleost fish (gilthead sea bream, sparus aurata) and (2) the impact of oestradiol-17β (ε2) on regeneration and the involvement of oestrogen receptor (er) isoforms. thirty-five candidate proteins were differentially expressed (p ...201323728848
effect of partially protected butyrate used as feed additive on growth and intestinal metabolism in sea bream (sparus aurata).butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid extensively used in animal nutrition since it promotes increases in body weight and other multiple beneficial effects on the intestinal tract. although such effects have been demonstrated in several species, very few studies have assessed them in fish. on the other hand, little is known about the metabolic processes underlying these effects. in the present work, growth parameters and changes in more than 80 intestinal metabolites (nucleotides, amino acids and ...201323737146
pthrp-induced modifications of the sea bream (sparus auratus) vertebral bone proteome.endocrine factors play an essential role in the formation and turnover of the skeleton in vertebrates. in the present study sea bream vertebral bone transcripts for pth1r and pth3r were identified and the action of intermittent administration of parathyroid hormone related protein (pthrp) on the proteome of vertebral bone was analysed. treatment of immature sea bream (sparus auratus, n=6) for 5days with homologous recombinant pthrp(1-125; 150ng/g body weight) modified bone metabolism and caused ...201323747812
status and future perspectives of vaccines for industrialised fin-fish farming.fin fish farming is developing from extensive to intensive high industrial scale production. production of fish in high-density growth conditions requires effective vaccines in order to control persistent and emerging diseases. vaccines can also have significant positive impact on the reduced usage of antibiotics. this was demonstrated when vaccines were introduced in norway for atlantic salmon (salmo salar) in the late eighties and early nineties, resulting in a rapid decline of antibiotics con ...201323769873
comparative analysis of a teleost skeleton transcriptome provides insight into its regulation.an articulated endoskeleton that is calcified is a unifying innovation of the vertebrates, however the molecular basis of the structural divergence between terrestrial and aquatic vertebrates, such as teleost fish, has not been determined. in the present study long-read next generation sequencing (ngs, roche 454 platform) was used to characterize acellular perichondral bone (vertebrae) and chondroid bone (gill arch) in the gilthead sea bream (sparus auratus). a total of 15.97 and 14.53mb were pr ...201323770218
carbonic anhydrase activity from the gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) liver: the toxicological effects of heavy metals.many studies have shown that metal ions may lead to oxidative stress in biological systems. accordingly, dna damage, protein modification, enzyme inhibition and activation, lipid peroxidation and many other effects may occur in living organisms. many different formations of metal ions may enter human cells along with water, air, and various foods, and humans are negatively affected by these conditions, either directly or indirectly. these effects may cause irreversible damage to human metabolism ...201323811108
dietary administration of microalgae navicula sp. affects immune status and gene expression of gilthead seabream (sparus aurata).effects of silage microalgae enriched with a probiotic and lyophilized microalgae were evaluated on main immune parameters and different gene expression of gilthead seabream (sparus aurata l.). a total of 60 seabream were grouped into 3 treatment diets which were a control diet (commercial diet) without microalgae (c), commercial diet supplemented with silage microalgae navicula sp. plus lactobacillus sakei 5-4 (10(6) cfu g(-1)) (sm), and commercial diet supplemented with lyophilized microalgae ...201323831495
survival of vibrio parahaemolyticus and aeromonas hydrophila in sea bream (sparus aurata) fillets packaged under enriched co(2) modified atmospheres.the ability to survive of two pathogens (vibrio parahaemolyticus and aeromonas hydrophila) spread over sea bream fillets packaged under different modified atmospheres (maps) was studied at 0°c and 4°c under refrigerated storage. the atmospheres used were 60% co2/40% n2, 70% co2/30% n2 and 80% co2/20% n2 and a control batch packaged in air. head space gas analyses, microbial counts and confirming test of pathogenic bacteria were carried out during 16days. the results obtained showed that all the ...201323860282
mx1, mx2 and mx3 proteins from the gilthead seabream (sparus aurata) show in vitro antiviral activity against rna and dna viruses.mx proteins are important components of the antiviral innate immune response mediated by type i interferon. classically, these proteins have been considered to be triggered by viral rna, thus showing activity against rna viruses. actually, three mx proteins (saumx1, saumx2 and saumx3) from gilthead seabream (sparus aurata) have previously shown antiviral activity against a dsrna virus: the infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (ipnv) in vitro. for further characterizing their antiviral spectrum, ...201323911421
naturally occurring stable isotopes reflect changes in protein turnover and growth in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) juveniles under different dietary protein levels.ideal nutritional conditions are crucial to sustainable aquaculture due to economic and environmental issues. here we apply stable isotope analysis as an indicator of fish growth and feeding balance, to define the optimum diet for efficient growing conditions. juveniles of gilthead sea bream were fed with six isoenergetic diets differing in protein to lipid proportion (from 41/26 to 57/20). as protein intake increased, δ¹⁵n and δδ¹⁵n of muscle and δδ¹⁵n and δδ¹³c of its protein fraction decrease ...201323947425
experimental susceptibility of gilthead sea bream, sparus aurata, via challenge with anisakis pegreffii larvae.the endoscopic and histopathological findings detected in sparus aurata experimentally infected with third-stage anisakis larvae without intermediate host are evaluated and discussed. in six fish, live nematode larvae were introduced by gastroscopy into the stomach. the first observation by endoscope, 15 days after challenge, showed the presence of some larvae at the level of gastric mucosa. an explorative celioscopy, performed 60 days after challenge, showed haemorrhages and/or nodules on the g ...201323957000
immunohistochemical characterization of polyclonal antibodies against enteromyxum leei and enteromyxum scophthalmi (myxozoa: myxosporea), intestinal parasites of fish.the enteric myxozoan parasites enteromyxum leei (diamant, lom et dyková) and enteromyxum scophthalmi palenzuela, redondo et álvarez-pellitero are responsible for high weight loss in infected fish, which leads to subchronic disease and low mortality rates in gilthead sea bream (gsb), sparus aurata l., and to high mortality rates in turbot, psetta maxima (l.). the detection of initial parasite stages in histological sections is particularly difficult, but can be simplified by means of specific ant ...201423957839
avt is involved in the regulation of ion transport in the intestine of the sea bream (sparus aurata).the intestine of marine fish plays a crucial role in ion homeostasis by selective processing of ingested fluid. although arginine vasotocin (avt) is suggested to play a role in ion regulation in fish, its action in the intestine has not been demonstrated. thus, the present study investigated in vitro the putative role of avt in intestinal ion transport in the sea bream (sparus aurata). a cdna encoding part of an avt receptor was isolated and phylogenetic analysis revealed it clustered with the v ...201323973797
morphological and phylogenetic description of a new xenoma-inducing microsporidian, microsporidium aurata nov. sp., parasite of the gilthead seabream sparus aurata from the red sea.a new species of microsporidia found in the marine teleost sparus aurata collected from hurghada coasts along the red sea, egypt was described based on light and ultrastructural studies. twenty three (30.6%) out of 75 of the examined fish were parasitized with a microsporidian parasite. numerous macroscopic whitish cysts embedded in the peritoneal cavity were observed to infect many organs of the body including muscles, connective tissues, and the intestinal epithelium. the infection was develop ...201323990046
pharmacokinetics and residue depletion of erythromycin in gilthead sea bream sparus aurata l. after oral administration.erythromycin (ery) is an antibiotic effective against streptococcus iniae, a microorganism responsible for significant losses in aquaculture. no data are available on the pharmacokinetics and residue depletion of ery in sea bream. the aim of this study was thus to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of ery in this species after a single oral administration at 75 mg kg(-1) b.w. and to assess its residue depletion from tissues after prolonged treatment for 10 days. ery was rapidly absorbed in sea bream ...201423992037
mercury (hg) and methyl mercury (mehg) concentrations in fish from the coastal lagoon of orbetello, central italy.total mercury (hg tot) and methyl mercury (mehg) were quantified in several specimens of dicentrarchus labrax and sparus aurata from the east basin of the orbetello lagoon, central italy. the size of each specimen was recorded to estimate body burdens (bbs); =hg tot and mehg were measured in fillets of both species. hg tot and mehg in s. aurata ranged between 0.355-1.58 and 0.341-1.53 μg/g wet weight (ww), respectively; in d. labrax, their ranges were 0.284-2.54 and 0.214-2.35 μg/g ww. approxima ...201323998853
vasotocinergic and isotocinergic systems in the gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata): an osmoregulatory story.to investigate the physiological roles of arginine vasotocin (avt) and isotocin (it) in osmoregulatory process in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata), a time course study (0, 12h, and 1, 3, 7 and 14 days) has been performed in specimens submitted to hypoosmotic (from 40‰ salinity to 5‰ salinity) or hyperosmotic (from 40‰ salinity to 55‰ salinity) challenges. plasma and liver osmoregulatory and metabolic parameters, as well as avt and it pituitary contents were determined concomitantly with hypoth ...201324021911
evaluation of the in vitro anti-atherogenic properties of lipid fractions of olive pomace, olive pomace enriched fish feed and gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) fed with olive pomace enriched fish feed.given the pivotal role of platelet-activating-factor (paf) in atherosclerosis and the cardio-protective role of paf-inhibitors derived from olive pomace, the inclusion of olive pomace in fish feed has been studied for gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata). the aim of the current research was to elucidate the anti-atherogenic properties of specific hplc lipid fractions obtained from olive pomace, olive pomace enriched fish feed and fish fed with the olive pomace enriched fish feed, by evaluating the ...201324084786
characterisation and expression of calpain family members in relation to nutritional status, diet composition and flesh texture in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata).calpains are non-lysosomal calcium-activated neutral proteases involved in a wide range of cellular processes including muscle proteolysis linked to post-mortem flesh softening. the aims of this study were (a) to characterise several members of the calpain system in gilthead sea bream and (b) to examine their expression in relation to nutritional status and muscle tenderisation. we identified the complete open reading frame of gilthead sea bream calpains1-3, sacapn1, sacapn2, sacapn3, and two pa ...201324086513
a new type of lordosis and vertebral body compression in gilthead sea bream, sparus aurata l.: aetiology, anatomy and consequences for survival.a new type of vertebral malformation is described, consisting of deformed cartilaginous neural and haemal processes and the compression and fusion of vertebral bodies. the malformation is designated as haemal vertebral compression and fusion (haemal vcf). we studied the aetiology of the malformations and described microanatomical histopathological alterations. the malformations were detected during routine quality control in one of six monitored gilthead sea bream populations. haemal vcf affecte ...201424117787
in vitro characterization of acid secretion in the gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) stomach.the gastric acid secretion of juvenile sparus aurata was characterized in ussing chambers; secretion rates were determined by a ph-stat method at ph5.50 and bioelectrical parameters were measured in current-clamped tissues. the basal secretion equaled to 535±87nmol·cm(-2)·h(-1). serosal carbachol 100μm produced an increase (δjh(+)) of 725±133nmol·cm(-2)·h(-1) from basal secretion, this effect being inhibited by mucosal omeprazole 100μm. basal secretion was also sensitive to the combination of se ...201424126049
biophysical evaluation of physiological effects of gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) farming using ftir spectroscopy.sparus aurata is one of the two most important cultured fish species in the mediterranean region. the present work investigates the effects of culturing in s. aurata liver tissue at the molecular level using fourier transform infrared (ftir) spectroscopy. ftir spectroscopy revealed dramatic differences between the wild and aquacultured fish liver cells, which mainly indicated that the level of glycogen increased in the aquacultured samples and the protein/lipid ratio decreased by 42.29% indicati ...201424128583
tissue-specific gene expression and functional regulation of uncoupling protein 2 (ucp2) by hypoxia and nutrient availability in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata): implications on the physiological significance of ucp1-3 variants.the aim of this study was to assess in an integrative manner the physiological regulation of uncoupling protein 2 (ucp2) in gilthead sea bream. a contig of 1,325 nucleotides in length with an open reading frame of 307 amino acids was recognized as ucp2 after searches in our transcriptome reference database ( http://www.nutrigroup-iats.org/seabreamdb ). gene expression mapping by quantitative real-time pcr revealed a ubiquitous profile that clearly differs from that of ucp1 and ucp3 variants with ...201424154671
characterisation and expression of myogenesis regulatory factors during in vitro myoblast development and in vivo fasting in the gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata).the aim of this study was to characterise a primary cell culture isolated from fast skeletal muscle of the gilthead sea bream. gene expression profiles during culture maturation were compared with those obtained from a fasting-refeeding model which is widely used to modulate myogenesis in vivo. myogenesis is controlled by numerous extracellular signals together with intracellular transcriptional factors whose coordinated expression is critical for the appropriate development of muscle fibres. fu ...201424157945
dha but not epa, enhances sound induced escape behavior and mauthner cells activity in sparus aurata.dietary omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 lcpufa), eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) and docosahexaenoic acid (dha), have a marked effect on fish behavior. there is limited information on the mechanisms involved in this effect and its relation to neuron development and functioning. deficiency of n-3 lcpufa reduces fish escape swimming. mauthner cells (m-cell) are neurons responsible for initiating an escape response. the aim was to compare the effect of dietary dha and epa on escape ...201424184412
age-related changes in 2-[(125)i]-iodomelatonin binding sites in the brain of sea breams (sparus aurata, l.).the pineal organ of fish, through its 24h rhythmic release of melatonin, acts as a transducer of the photoperiod, influencing different physiological functions (e.g., reproduction, growth). the target sites for melatonin are poorly known in fish, especially marine species. a radioligand study was undertaken using the gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) maintained under natural temperature and photoperiod (at 28°n latitude). this species exhibits the property of changing sex during growth. brains ...199624194300
seasonal changes in circulating growth hormone (gh), hepatic gh-binding and plasma insulin-like growth factor-i immunoreactivity in a marine fish, gilthead sea bream,sparus aurata.we have studied the seasonal relationship between growth and circulating growth hormone (gh), hepatic gh-binding and plasma insulin-like growth factor-i immunoreactivity in gilthead sea bream,sparus aurata. the seasonal increase in plasma gh levels preceded by several weeks the summer increase in growth rates. in contrast, a marked increase in hepatic gh-binding with a high degree of endogenous gh occupancy was found during the period of maximum growth which suggests an enhanced sensitivity of l ...199424198190
all-fish gene constructs for growth hormone gene transfer in fish.in order to develop all-fish expression vectors for microinjection into fertilized fish eggs, we have prepared the following constructs: rainbow trout metallothionein a/b and the gilthead seabream growth hormone cdna (ptmta-gbsghcdna, ptmtb-gsbghcdna), carp β-actin gilthead seabream gh cdna (pcaβ-gsbghcdna). the inducible metallothionein promoters a and b were cloned from rainbow trout, and the constitutive promoter β-actin was isolated from carp.the metallothionein promoters were cloned by usin ...199324202494
incorporation and metabolism of(14)c-labelled polyunsaturated fatty acids in wild-caught juveniles of golden grey mullet,liza aurata, in vivo.the incorporation, and the capacity for desaturation and elongation in vivo, of intraperitoneally-injected,(14)c-labelled n-3 and n-6 c18 and c20 polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) were investigated in juvenile golden grey mullet,liza aurata. the results indicate that juvenile mullet have only limited ability to convert c18 polyunsaturated fatty acids to c20 and c22 highly unsaturated fatty acids (hufa)in vivo. this suggests that juvenile golden grey mullet require the provision of preformed c20 ...199324202691
incorporation and metabolism of (14)c-labelled polyunsaturated fatty acids in juvenile gilthead sea bream sparus aurata l. in vivo.the incorporation, and the capacity for desaturation and elongation in vivo, of intraperitoneally-injected, (14)c-labelled n-3 and n-6 c18 and c20 pufas were investigated in juvenile gilthead sea bream, sparus aurata. the results indicate that juvenile gilthead sea bream have only limited ability to convert ch pufas to c20 and c22 hufas in vivo. the data are consistent with the results from nutritional studies on larvae, postlarvae and fingerlings that have shown that gilthead sea bream require ...199324214444
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