Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| phospholipids chiral at phosphorus. stereochemical mechanism of reactions catalyzed by phosphatidylinositide-specific phospholipase c from bacillus cereus and guinea pig uterus. | (rp)- and (sp)-1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-thiophosphoinositol (dppsi) were synthesized as a mixture and their configurations assigned on the basis of the stereospecific hydrolysis catalyzed by phospholipase a2 (pla2) from bee venom. pla2 is known to be stereospecific to the rp isomer of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-thiophosphocholine (dppsc) and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-thiophosphoethanolamine (dppse). since the configurations of (rp)- and (sp)-dppsi correspond to those of (sp)- and (rp)-d ... | 1990 | 2161255 |
| effect of staphylococcal delta-toxin and bee venom peptide melittin on leukotriene induction and metabolism of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes. | the abilities of delta-toxin from staphylococcus aureus and melittin to induce and modulate the generation of leukotriene from human polymorphonuclear granulocytes (pmns) were studied. stimulation of pmns with melittin (10 micrograms) induced leukotriene formation, whereas stimulation with delta-toxin did not. preincubation of the pmns with delta-toxin modulated the subsequent generation of leukotriene from pmns induced by ca ionophore a23187 or opsonized zymosan. the generation of leukotriene b ... | 1990 | 2164512 |
| long-term enhancement of synaptic transmission by synthetic mast cell degranulating peptide and its localization of binding sites in hippocampus. | a bee venom, mast-cell-degranulating (mcd) peptide, was synthesized by stepwise formation of the two disulfide bridges. this synthetic mcd peptide induced long-term potentiation (ltp) in the ca1 region of a hippocampus slice at concentrations ranging from 10(-7) to 10(-5) m. the potentiating effect of mcd was not lost by biotinylation of its n-terminus, and thus it became possible to investigate localization of its binding site at a cellular level in the hippocampus slice at a ltp-inducible conc ... | 1990 | 2170876 |
| total energy expenditure in burned children using the doubly labeled water technique. | total energy expenditure (tee) was measured in 15 burned children with the doubly labeled water technique. application of the technique in burned children required evaluation of potential errors resulting from nutritional intake altering background enrichments during studies and from the high rate of water turnover relative to co2 production. five studies were discarded because of these potential problems. tee was 1.33 +/- 0.27 times predicted basal energy expenditure (bee), and in studies where ... | 1990 | 2171351 |
| bee sting-induced haemolysis, spherocytosis and neural dysfunction in three dogs. | three dogs showed signs of intravascular haemolysis, spherocytosis and peripheral neuropathy following severe bee envenomation. these effects were ascribed to the constituents of bee venom, especially melittin and phospholipase a. all 3 cases recovered and were discharged subsequent to prednisolone and supportive therapy. | 1990 | 2176693 |
| modulation of dl-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate (ampa)/quisqualate receptors by phospholipase a2 treatment. | the expression of long-term potentiation (ltp) in area ca1 of hippocampus has been proposed to result from an increased sensitivity of the ampa/quisqualate receptors. we have investigated the binding properties of excitatory amino acid receptors in phospholipase a2 (pla2)-treated rat brain membranes. pla2 from bee venom produced a significant increase in the binding of [3h]-ampa ([3h]-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4- propionate), a ligand for the ampa/quisqualate receptor. analysis of the sa ... | 1990 | 2177177 |
| interaction of melittin with the (na+ + k+)atpase: evidence for a melittin-induced conformational change. | the (na+ + k+)atpase is inhibited by the bee venom polypeptide, melittin. kcl and nacl protect the enzyme from melittin inhibition. analysis of the k+ and na+ protection against melittin inhibition suggested a kinetic model which was consistent with slowly reversible melittin binding, and mutually exclusive binding of melittin with k+ and na+. accordingly, in the absence of salt, the ki for melittin inhibition = 1.2 microm, and the protection by kcl occurs with a ka,kcl = 0.6 mm. the protection ... | 1990 | 2177321 |
| local reactions to stinging insects (hymenoptera). | hymenoptera stings cause cutaneous nonallergic local reactions of limited size and duration in most individuals. some subjects experience an allergic local reaction (large local reaction) to a sting that is greater than 10 cm in diameter and may last for up to 5 days. the nonallergic local reaction is a toxic response to venom constituents, while the large local reaction appears to be caused by an allergic reaction to venom proteins. the ige-mediated late-phase reaction is probably responsible f ... | 2005 | 2179057 |
| antibacterial properties of propolis (bee glue). | propolis (bee glue) was found to have antibacterial activity against a range of commonly encountered cocci and gram-positive rods, including the human tubercle bacillus, but only limited activity against gram-negative bacilli. these findings confirm previous reports of antimicrobial properties of this material, possibly attributable to its high flavonoid content. | 1990 | 2182860 |
| ant, bee, and wasp stings. | stinging insect envenomation and allergy remain important clinical and research problems. approximately 40 deaths occur annually as a result of these stings. the dermatologist can help to avoid this outcome by appropriate recognition of the offending insect and by instituting or arranging the appropriate therapy and avoidance. bee-sting kits should be encouraged for sensitive individuals. dermatologists should be alert to the increasing imported fire ant problem, be able to make the diagnosis, a ... | 1990 | 2191796 |
| quantity, analysis, and lethality of european and africanized honey bee venoms. | venom from africanized honey bees (derived mainly from apis mellifera scutellata) was compared with venom from domestic, european bees by study of lethality, immunological cross-reactivity, venom yield, isoelectric focusing (ief) patterns, and melittin titers. the ld50s of european and africanized bee venom by iv injection in mice were similar. in venom neutralization experiments, africanized bee venom was mixed with antibodies from a beekeeper exposed only to european bees and used to challenge ... | 1990 | 2200291 |
| interaction of wasp venom mastoparan with biomembranes. | mastoparan-induced changes in the k+ permeability of rat peritoneal mast cells, human erythrocytes, staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli were examined. mastoparan did not efficiently increase the k+ permeability of cells except for s. aureus. the release of membrane phospholipids was also observed from s. aureus cells in the concentration range of the permeability enhancement. mastoparan stimulated histamine release from mast cells, independently of a small efflux of k+. mastoparan became ... | 1990 | 2204429 |
| allosteric properties, substrate specificity, and subsite affinities of honeybee alpha-glucosidase i. | the substrate specificity of honeybee alpha-glucosidase i, a monomeric enzyme was kinetically investigated. unusual kinetic features were observed in the cleavage reactions of sucrose, maltose, p-nitrophenyl alpha-glucoside, phenyl alpha-glucoside, turanose, and maltodextrin (dp = 13). at relatively high substrate concentrations, the velocities of liberation of fructose from sucrose, glucose from maltose, p-nitrophenol from p-nitrophenyl alpha-glucoside, and phenol from phenyl alpha-glucoside we ... | 1990 | 2204617 |
| bee venom immunotherapy. | 1990 | 2210838 | |
| analysis of meteorological and radiological data for selected fallout episodes. | the weather service nuclear support office has analyzed the meteorological and radiological data collected for the following atmospheric nuclear tests: trinity; easy of the tumbler-snapper series; annie, nancy, badger, simon, and harry of the upshot-knothole series; bee and zucchini of the teapot series; boltzmann and smoky of the plumbbob series; and small boy of the dominic ii series. these tests were chosen as having the greatest impact on nearby downwind populated locations, contributing app ... | 1990 | 2211117 |
| characterization of a promoter and a transcription terminator of spiroplasma melliferum virus spv4. | spiroplasma virus 4 (spv4) is an isometric virus with single-stranded, circular dna infecting the helical mollicute spiroplasma melliferum, a honeybee pathogen. previous studies in our laboratory led to the determination of the base sequence of the spv4 dna. nine open reading frames and three promoterlike sequences (p1, p2, and p3) were identified. an inverted repeat leading to the formation of a hairpin structure on the transcription product was also found and predicted to be a transcription te ... | 1990 | 2211498 |
| raised intraabdominal pressure, renal failure, and the bumble bee. | 1990 | 2212250 | |
| phospholipase a2 in venom extracts from honey bees (apis mellifera l.) of different ages. | we measured phospholipase a2 activity in the venom of worker honey bees (apis mellifera l.) of known ages using chemical (titrimetric) and radioallergosorbent methods. the two techniques give similar results. low levels of phospholipase a2 are present in the venom system at the time of eclosion. phospholipase a2 activity in the venom increases steadily through the 10 days after eclosion. maximal phospholipase a2 levels (about 40 micrograms phospholipase a2/venom sac) are maintained through the r ... | 1990 | 2219143 |
| [experimental studies of in vitro cultivation of the cells of kärtner honeybees (apis mellifera carnica pollmann, 1879)]. | a synopsis about published methods and results on experiments to cultivate bee cells in vitro is given. experimental investigations were performed with haemocytes of larvae of the l-5 stage using many different media and methods for the preparation of primary tissue culture. monolayers could be prepared and a high rate of reproduction has been achieved, although subpassages could not be obtained. haemocytes could be kept alive up to 27 days by using bml-tc/7a medium according to gardiner and sto ... | 1990 | 2220184 |
| fluorescence-quenching-resolved spectra of melittin in lipid bilayers. | the interaction of bee venom melittin with dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (dmpc) unilamellar vesicles has been studied by means of fluorescence quenching of the single tryptophan residue of the protein, at lipid-to-peptide ratio, ri = 50 and at high ionic strength (2 m nacl). the method of fluorescence-quenching-resolved spectra (fqrs), applied in this study with potassium iodide as a quencher, enabled us to decompose the tryptophan emission spectrum of liposome-bound melittin into components, a ... | 2008 | 2223839 |
| acyl carrier protein interacts with melittin. | acyl carrier protein (acp) from escherichia coli has been shown to form complexes with melittin, a cationic peptide from bee venom. acp is a small (mr 8847), acidic, ca2(+)-binding protein, which possesses some characteristics resembling those of regulatory ca2(+)-binding proteins including interaction with melittin. complexing between melittin and acp which occurred both in the presence and absence of ca2+ was evident by chemical cross-linking the two peptides, fluorescence changes (including a ... | 1990 | 2223852 |
| tryptase, a mediator of human mast cells. | tryptase, a mediator secreted by human mast cells during immediate reactions, has demonstrated effects on several pathways in vitro. this enzyme can rapidly inactivate fibrinogen and, as a complex with heparin, may prevent coagulation that may otherwise occur when plasma enters tissues at sites of immediate reactions. tryptase may also activate prostromelysin, which in turn activates latent collagenase. when canine pulmonary smooth muscle is incubated with canine tryptase, the contractile respon ... | 1990 | 2229822 |
| the hymenoptera venom study. iii: safety of venom immunotherapy. | one thousand four hundred ten (44%) of the 3236 subjects in the hymenoptera venom study accepted venom immunotherapy (vit). time to maintenance averaged 95 days, and the largest number achieved maintenance (147 subjects, 10.4%) at day 56. ninety-two percent of the treated subjects achieved maintenance, and 84% continued therapy, most subjects (91%) until the study was terminated. one hundred seventy-one subjects (12%) experienced 327 treatment systemic reactions (srs). the incidence of pruritus ... | 1990 | 2229842 |
| effect of melittin on renin and prostaglandin e2 release from rat renal cortical slices. | 1. the present experiments were designed to determine the effect of melittin on renin secretion. melittin is a polypeptide component of bee venom which stimulates phospholipase a2 activity, thereby increasing arachidonic acid release and prostaglandin (pg) synthesis, and which inhibits protein kinase c activity. either of these actions might be expected to stimulate renin secretion, since renin secretion is stimulated by arachidonic acid and by several pgs, and since renin secretion is inhibited ... | 1990 | 2231411 |
| prediction of 24-h energy expenditure and its components from physical characteristics and body composition in normal-weight humans. | the applicability of body composition as estimated by the bioimpedance method to predict energy expenditure (ee) was studied. ten healthy subjects underwent measurement of body composition and 24-h energy expenditure (24-h ee) twice in a respiration chamber on a fixed program. the 24-h ee and its components, sleeping ee (see), basal ee (bee), and daytime ee, for an individual were very reproducible (coefficient of variation 2.3%, 1.4%, 5.0%, & 3.1%, respectively). the variability of 24-h ee amon ... | 1990 | 2239751 |
| antioxidant activity of and interleukin production affected by honey bee venom. | honey bee venom is found to inhibit significantly nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation. it also possesses a considerable hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, evaluated by its competition with dimethyl sulfoxide for ho.. these results, in relation to the in vitro suppression mainly of interleukin-1 production offered by honey bee venom, may further support that antioxidant activity is involved in the anti-inflammatory activity of honey bee venom. | 1990 | 2242083 |
| the bee: an unusual gastric foreign body. | 1990 | 2242750 | |
| modulation of the immune response to allergens: phospholipase a degradation products suppress igg and ige response in mice. | degradation products of phospholipase a2 (pla2), the major allergen of honeybee venom, were prepared by peptic digestion of the enzyme and fractionated by molecular exclusion chromatography. the largest of the isolated products, p-1, was found to be a centrally nicked pla2 molecule with a loss of several amino acids. it was examined for its antigenic, immunogenic and immunosuppressive properties. this peptic product was unable to block antigen-antibody reactions between pla2 and anti-pla2 antibo ... | 1990 | 2246080 |
| allergy to stinging and biting insects in queensland. | over an eight and a half year period 742 patients were assessed for allergy to stinging and biting insects in queensland; 452 (61%) had allergic reactions to honey bees, 244 (33%) to wasps, 30 (4%) to various ants, 11 (1.5%) to march flies (tabanus sp.) and five to tick infestation. one hundred and fifty one patients (20%) presented with large local swelling only (rxn1), 98 (13%) with urticaria and/or facial angioedema distant from the sting site (rxn2) and 492 (66%) with subjective or objective ... | 1990 | 2246984 |
| inhalation injury to tracheal epithelium in an ovine model of cotton smoke exposure. early phase (30 minutes). | the purpose of this study was to evaluate lung cell injury during the acute phase of smoke inhalation injury. a group of 10 sheep were anesthetized with halothane and pancuronium followed by endotracheal intubation. in the first experiment 5 sheep were given air (sham group) and 5 were insufflated with cooled cotton smoke with a modified bee smoker. in the second part of our study (experiment 2) the animals were insufflated with the following number of smoke breaths: 1 x 12 (n = 3); 2 x 12 (n = ... | 1990 | 2252264 |
| heat-induced alterations in monkey erythrocyte membrane phospholipid organization and skeletal protein structure and interactions. | rhesus monkey erythrocytes were subjected to heating at 50 degrees c for 5-15 min, and the heat-induced effects on the membrane structure were ascertained by analysing the membrane phospholipid organization and membrane skeleton dynamics and interactions in the heated cells. membrane skeleton dynamics and interactions were determined by measuring the tris-induced dissociation of the triton-insoluble membrane skeleton (triton shells), the spectrin-actin extractability at low ionic strength, spect ... | 1990 | 2261489 |
| [injury of the cornea by a bee sting complicated by pseudomonas aeruginosa and herpesvirus infections]. | 1990 | 2264238 | |
| isolation of a phospholipase-a2-like protein from human fetal intestine. lysis of erythroid cells from bovine liver by this protein and porcine phospholipase a2. | extracts of human fetal intestine contain factors that can stimulate or inhibit thymidine incorporation into fetal bovine erythroid cells. an inhibitory factor was purified to homogeneity by gel-permeation and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. the inhibitory action was due to cell lysis. the first 25 amino acids of the n-terminal segment were identical to the human lung and pancreatic phospholipase a2. the isolated protein released arachidonic acid from 2-arachidonyl phospha ... | 1990 | 2268412 |
| honey bee cognition. | the visual memory of honey bees is stored pictorially. bees will accept a mirror-image reversal of a familiar pattern in the absence of the original, but prefer the original over the reversal; the matching system of bees, therefore, does not incorporate a mirror-image ambiguity. bees will not accept a rotation of a familiar vertical pattern, but readily recognize any rotation of a horizontal pattern; the context-specific ability to make a mental transformation seems justified by natural continge ... | 1990 | 2269009 |
| fmrfamide-like immunoreactivity in the brain of the honeybee (apis mellifera). a light-and electron microscopical study. | peptide-fmrfamide-like immunoreactivity in the brain and suboesophageal ganglion of the honeybee apis mellifera l. is demonstrated with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. immunoreactivity is found in about 120 perikarya of the brain and in about 30 of the suboesophageal ganglion. these cells are distributed in 13 paired clusters representing neurons of different types including neurosecretory neurons projecting to neurohemal organs. immunoreactivity of different intensity is found in the n ... | 1990 | 2270144 |
| visual tracking of moving targets by freely flying honeybees. | the ability of freely-flying honeybees to track moving targets was examined by training them to collect a reward on a target, and then videotaping their approach to the target while it was in motion. training experiments were carried out with several groups of bees, using various colors for the target and the background. computer-aided frame-by-frame analysis of video recordings was used to plot the instantaneous positions of the target, as well as the position and orientation of the approaching ... | 1994 | 2271450 |
| proposed solution structure of endothelin. | a model is proposed for the 3-dimensional structure of endothelin, a potent vasoconstrictor and pressor peptide from vascular endothelium. the model is derived through protein structure prediction and circular dichroism studies, and is based on the atomic coordinates for the bee-venom peptide apamin. the model derived shows the same turn-helix motif as observed for apamin and mast-cell degranulating peptide. on the basis of this model we suggest possible strategies for endothelin antagonist desi ... | 1990 | 2272749 |
| selective inhibition of cecropin-like activity of insect immune blood by protease from american foulbrood scales. | bioassays of american foulbrood larval scale filtrates have shown the presence of an immune inhibitor with a specific activity of proteases that selectively destroy cecropin-like activity in insect immune hemolymphs. it was an unexpected phenomenon to find that bacillus larvae protease(s), even at trace concentrations, totally inhibits bactericidal activity of immune blood against escherichia coli d 31. thermal inactivation of a proteolytic enzyme coincides strictly with a disappearance of the a ... | 1990 | 2273283 |
| interfacial catalysis: the mechanism of phospholipase a2. | a chemical description of the action of phospholipase a2 (pla2) can now be inferred with confidence from three high-resolution x-ray crystal structures. the first is the structure of the pla2 from the venom of the chinese cobra (naja naja atra) in a complex with a phosphonate transition-state analogue. this enzyme is typical of a large, well-studied homologous family of pla2s. the second is a similar complex with the evolutionarily distant bee-venom pla2. the third structure is the uninhibited p ... | 1990 | 2274785 |
| crystal structure of cobra-venom phospholipase a2 in a complex with a transition-state analogue. | the crystal structure of a complex between a phosphonate transition-state analogue and the phospholipase a2 (pla2) from naja naja atra venom has been solved and refined to a resolution of 2.0 angstroms. the identical stereochemistry of the two complexes that comprise the crystal's asymmetric unit indicates both the manner in which the transition state is stabilized and how the hydrophobic fatty acyl chains of the substrate are accommodated by the enzyme during interfacial catalysis. the critical ... | 1990 | 2274787 |
| crystal structure of bee-venom phospholipase a2 in a complex with a transition-state analogue. | the 2.0 angstroms crystal structure of a complex containing bee-venom phospholipase a2 (pla2) and a phosphonate transition-state analogue was solved by multiple isomorphous replacement. the electron-density map is sufficiently detailed to visualize the proximal sugars of the enzyme's n-linked carbohydrate and a single molecule of the transition-state analogue bound ot its active center. although bee-venom pla2 does not belong to the large homologous class i/ii family that encompasses most other ... | 1990 | 2274788 |
| [effects of bee pollen on lipid peroxides and immune response in aging and malnourished mice]. | the results showed that the level of hemolysin (hc), the numbers of plaque forming cells (pfc) and specific rosette forming cells (srfc) in primary response to sheep red blood cells (srbc) were markedly lowered and the lipoperoxide level in brain, liver and serum was increased in aging (over 18 months) and malnourished mice fed with ground corn in comparison to normal controls, while hc and the numbers of pfc and srfc were significantly increased and the lipoperoxide level was markedly decreased ... | 1990 | 2275784 |
| acute renal failure and dermal necrosis due to bee stings: report of a case in a child. | although several cases of reactions to bee venom including acute renal failure have been reported, the literature from africa is scanty and that concerning children virtually non-existent. we report a child who was stung by over 1,000 bees and developed acute renal failure and extensive scalp necrosis. the pathogenesis of these complications is discussed and the importance of their public awareness stressed. | 1990 | 2282653 |
| [blood pressure changes induced by physical exercise and tyramine infusion in hypertensive and normotensive subjects]. | the aim of our investigation was to assess blood pressure (bp) and heart rate (hr) variations in 20 essential hypertensive male inpatients (who class i and ii) and in 20 normotensive healthy volunteers submitted to three provocation tests: isometric handgrip (ihg), bicycle ergometric exercise (bee) and tyramine infusion (ti) given as i.v. boluses with saline in a single-blind manner. according to our data, ihg induced a comparable rise of systolic blood pressure (sbp), diastolic blood pressure ( ... | 2015 | 2288819 |
| protection against membrane damage: a 1h-nmr investigation of the effect of zn2+ and ca2+ on the permeability of phospholipid vesicles. | 1h-nmr spectroscopy of small, unilamellar dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (dppc) vesicles in conjunction with the lanthanide shift reagent pr3+ was used to study the effect of zn2+ and ca2+ ions on the permeability induced at the lipid phase transition temperature (tc) of the vesicles and by the bee venom polypeptide melittin. in addition, the effects of zn2+ and ca2+ were studied on triton x-100 stabilized channels at tc and in the presence of n-alcohols. the results show that the presence of 1 ... | 1990 | 2292682 |
| epinephrine-induced vasospasm reversed by phentolamine digital block. | a case of profound digital vasoconstriction caused by the accidental injection of epinephrine from a commercial bee sting kit is reported. one hour later the patient had a cold, painful, blanched finger. a digital block using a 2-mg dose of phentolamine mixed with 2% lidocaine was performed. thirty minutes after treatment, the finger was pink and warm. the patient reported a marked decrease in pain. reexamination 12 hours later showed only mild tenderness at the fingertip. no tissue necrosis occ ... | 1990 | 2293835 |
| identification and partial purification of embryonic mouse genital protein(s) stimulating phospholipase-a2 and inducing masculinization in vitro. | the present study was designed to test whether phospholipase-a2 stimulatory protein (plsp) has any role during androgen-induced masculine differentiation. thus, an investigation was made to identify such a protein in the fetal genital tract and to test whether this protein can produce masculinization in vitro. fetal tracts (15/batch) containing genital ducts and urogenital sinus from male, female, and testosterone-exposed (40 mg/kg.day, from days 13-17 of gestation) female embryonic mice on day ... | 1990 | 2293992 |
| impact of carbon monoxide on cardiopulmonary dysfunction after smoke inhalation injury. | with the inhalation of smoke, there are both cardiopulmonary changes and elevated levels of carbon monoxide (co). we hypothesize that these changes in cardiopulmonary function are the result of a histotoxic hypoxia associated with co poisoning. this hypothesis was tested in chronically instrumented sheep (n = 19). piezoelectric crystals were attached to the left ventricle for the measurement of its external minor and major diameters in addition to wall thickness. a pressure transducer was placed ... | 1990 | 2295145 |
| isolation and characterization of abaecin, a major antibacterial response peptide in the honeybee (apis mellifera). | honeybee (apis mellifera) are frequently exposed to and likely to be infected by plant-associated bacteria. we mimicked this process by injecting bees with live bacteria and isolated five induced antibacterial substances by comparative liquid chromatographic mapping of the hemolymph. three of these antibiotics belong to a unique family of small (18 amino acids) peptides: the apidaecins [casteels et al. (1989) embo j. 8, 2387-2391]. we have now characterized a fourth bee immune response peptide. ... | 1990 | 2298215 |
| biochemical and immunochemical comparison of africanized and european honeybee venoms. | africanized honeybees (hbs) pose a hazard to both normal and sting-sensitive subjects in certain areas of central and south america, and it is predicted that they will soon be present in the southern united states as well. using an electrical stimulation device, we collected africanized hb venom (ahv) in venezuela and european hb venom (ehv) in louisiana. these venoms, along with commercial european hb venom (chv), were compared by thin-layer isoelectric focusing and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polya ... | 1990 | 2299109 |
| bee venom allergy. | bee stings are a common occurrence and for most people they cause only mild local discomfort, but for a few they are life threatening. the author considers the natural history of bee venom allergy, the place of diagnostic tests in assessing bee venom allergy, the emergency management of allergic reactions, and the use of bee venom immunotherapy in children. | 1990 | 2302118 |
| semantic and associative priming in the cerebral hemispheres: some words do, some words don't ... sometimes, some places. | this study investigated spreading activation for words presented to the left and right hemispheres using an automatic semantic priming paradigm. three types of semantic relations were used: similar-only (deer-pony), associated-only (bee-honey), and similar + associated (doctor-nurse). priming of lexical decisions was symmetrical over visual fields for all semantic relations when prime words were centrally presented. however, when primes and targets were lateralized to the same visual field, simi ... | 1990 | 2302547 |
| relapsing anaphylaxis to bee sting in a patient treated with beta-blocker and ca blocker. | 1990 | 2312997 | |
| honey bee mortality due to tracheal mite parasitism. | we demonstrate, by truncating the expected negative binomial distribution, that the tracheal mite parasite, acarapis woodi, causes mortality in the european honey bee, apis mellifera, but, that this mortality can be documented only during periods of low mite densities (mites per bee). at high mite densities, this technique no longer reveals mite-induced mortality. we suggest that this paradox results from a reduction in the mortality threshold at high mite densities, concealing mortality from ou ... | 1990 | 2314929 |
| membrane skeleton-bilayer interaction is not the major determinant of membrane phospholipid asymmetry in human erythrocytes. | transbilayer phospholipid distribution, membrane skeleton dissociation/association, and spectrin structure have been analysed in human erythrocytes after subjecting them to heating at 50 degrees c for 15 min. the membrane skeleton dissociation/association was determined by measuring the tris-induced dissociation of triton-insoluble membrane skeletons (triton shells), the spectrin-actin extractability under low ionic conditions, and the binding of spectrin-actin with normal erythrocyte membrane i ... | 1990 | 2317498 |
| melittin binding to mixed phosphatidylglycerol/phosphatidylcholine membranes. | the binding of bee venom melittin to negatively charged unilamellar vesicles and planar lipid bilayers composed of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (popc) and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol (popg) was studied with circular dichroism and deuterium nmr spectroscopy. the melittin binding isotherm was measured for small unilamellar vesicles containing 10 or 20 mol % popg. due to electrostatic attraction, binding of the positively charged melittin was much enhanced ... | 1990 | 2322549 |
| a k+ channel in xenopus nerve fibres selectively blocked by bee and snake toxins: binding and voltage-clamp experiments. | 1. the effects of mast cell degranulating peptide (mcdp), a toxin from the honey bee, and of dendrotoxin (dtx), a toxin from the green mamba snake, were studied in voltage-clamp experiments with myelinated nerve fibres of xenopus. 2. mcdp and dtx blocked part of the k+ current. about 20% of the k+ current, however, was resistant to the toxins even in high concentrations. in ringer solution half-maximal block was reached with concentrations of 33 nm-mcdp and 11 nm-dtx. in high-k+ solution the pot ... | 1990 | 2324990 |
| anti-inflammatory activity of bee venom peptide 401 (mast cell degranulating peptide) and compound 48/80 results from mast cell degranulation in vivo. | 1. the relationship between the anti-inflammatory activity of the bee venom peptide 401 in the carrageenin-induced oedema of the rat hind paw and its mast cell degranulating activity has been reinvestigated. 2. mast cell degranulation caused by compound 48/80 (10 mg kg-1) or by allergen challenge in rats sensitized to nippostrongylus brasiliensis also suppressed rat hind paw oedema in the same test. 3. the anti-inflammatory activities of peptide 401 and compound 48/80 were partially suppressed b ... | 1990 | 2328399 |
| [development of infestation with varroa jacobsoni o. in bee colonies in tunisia]. | the mite varroa jacobsoni, an ectoparasite of the honey bee, was imported to tunisia probably in 1976. afterwards, this parasitosis caused severe losses of colonies for several years. the continued examination of the level of infestation in colonies of a "gtz" project stated a steady number of mites since 1980. only in a few colonies, the infestation was above the limit of damage. though the colonies in north west tunisia did not receive any treatment since 1986 there was no increase of infestat ... | 1990 | 2331244 |
| patch testing of 11 common herbal topical medicaments in hong kong. | 11 common herbal topical medicaments in hong kong were selected for patch testing to study whether they could cause skin reactions under occlusive conditions. these included white flower oil, hung far oil, kwan loong medicated oil, tiger oil, jaminton oil, bee brand oil, tiger balm, au kah chuen skin lotions, mopiko ointment, oronineh ointment and mentholatum. the former 7 were traditional chinese herbal medicaments, the last one was made in usa and the remaining 2 were japanese products. 20 pat ... | 2007 | 2335084 |
| evidence for light-induced release of ca2+ from intracellular stores in bee photoreceptors. | in the drone retina light elicits an increase in the extracellular ca2+ concentration ([ca]o). after withdrawal of extracellular ca2+ and addition of 1 mm egta (ethyleneglycol-bis (beta-aminoethyl ether) n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid) a short light flash still caused an increase in [ca]o as measured with ca2(+)-sensitive microelectrodes. this increase vanished after a few flashes. when [ca]o was reduced to 10(-5) m ca2+ (no egta) the rise in cao disappeared after several light flashes. subsequent s ... | 1990 | 2336197 |
| a method for measuring the oxygen consumption of photoreceptor cells in the steady state and after a brief stimulation by light. | the rate of oxygen consumption (qo2) in living tissue cannot be directly measured but may be estimated by mathematically modelling the diffusion of oxygen in the tissue and measuring the local partial pressure of oxygen (po2). the retina of arthropods contains only two types of cells, photoreceptor and glial cells, which are regularly distributed. because of this simple structure, simple models of diffusion can be used to estimate the qo2 of the tissue, both in steady state and after a brief sti ... | 1990 | 2338250 |
| [changes in the immunological reactivity of patients with disseminated sclerosis treated by prednisolone and the preparation proper-myl]. | the authors examined 56 patients suffering of multiple sclerosis who were treated with prednisolone and proper-myl. the patients showed changes of the immunological reactivity, in particular, those receiving prednisolone in combination with proper-myl. to improve the immunological state of these patients the authors recommend to use bee stings, polyosol and bee pollen. | 1990 | 2339565 |
| effect of staphylococcus aureus delta-toxin on human granulocyte functions and platelet-activating-factor metabolism. | the production of delta-toxin is supposed to be responsible for various pathophysiological effects during infection with staphylococcus aureus. we compared the effects of delta-toxin with the structurally related bee venom toxin melittin on granulocyte functions and inflammatory mediator release. delta-toxin and melittin induced a rapid ca2+ influx, as was shown by fluorescence detection. furthermore, oxygen radical production, as determined by luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence, was triggered b ... | 1990 | 2341170 |
| the kinetics and inhibition of p-nitrophenylacetate-hydrolysing esterases in a solitary bee, megachile rotundata (fab.). | 1. the kinetics and inhibition of p-nitrophenylacetate hydrolysis by cytosolic esterases of female alfalfa leafcutting bees, megachile rotundata (fab.) was examined. 2. for p-nitrophenylacetate, the km = 1.24 x 10(-4) m and vmax = 2.29 x 10(-9) mol/s per mg protein. 3. regarding four organophosphate insecticides, the mechanism of inhibition in all cases was mixed (competitive and uncompetitive) and, based on inhibition constants, the order of toxicity was naled greater than paraoxon greater than ... | 1990 | 2349807 |
| z-band proteins in the flight muscle and leg muscle of the honeybee. | monoclonal antibodies (mab's) have been raised against proteins in preparations of z-discs isolated from honeybee fibrillar flight muscle. these antibodies have identified four z-disc antigens on immunoblots of honeybee fibrillar proteins. antibody alpha binds to the 90-100 kd protein, alpha-actinin; mab p interacts with the protein, projectin, an extremely large polypeptide (greater than 600kd) found in the connecting filaments which link thick filaments to the z-band in insect asynchronous fli ... | 1990 | 2351750 |
| conservation of antigen 3g6: a crystalline cone constituent in the compound eye of arthropods. | a monoclonal antibody (mab), 3g6, highly selective for neuropil glia in the cns of the house cricket acheta domesticus, also demonstrates remarkable selectivity for the nonneuronal crystalline cone cells of the compound eye. mab 3g6 labels cone cells in eucone eyes throughout insecta, from ancestral forms such as the bristle tail to the more recent honeybee; eucone structures are also recognized in crustacea. analogous nonneural structures found in pseudocone or acone eyes also express detectabl ... | 1990 | 2351963 |
| juvenile hormone titer in capped worker brood of apis mellifera and reproduction in the bee mite varroa jacobsoni. | juvenile hormone (jh) titers were recorded from fifth instar worker larvae of apis mellifera carnica, apis mellifera lamarckii, and africanized honeybees kept under temperate and tropical climatic conditions. no differences in hormone titer according to honeybee race or climatic conditions were determined. however, the rate of reproduction of the ectoparasitic mite, varroa jacobsoni, on larvae of the different honeybee races was highly variable. the possible role of honeybee jh in control of the ... | 1990 | 2354762 |
| caste and metamorphosis: hemolymph titers of juvenile hormone and ecdysteroids in last instar honeybee larvae. | juvenile hormone (jh) and ecdysteroid titers are critical factors for caste development and metamorphosis in the last larval instar of the honeybee, apis mellifera. two highly sensitive radioimmunoassays were used for the determination of these hormones in the hemolymph. for juvenile hormone, which is of prime importance for the control of caste development in honeybees, our data show a caste-specific peak in queen larvae of the early fifth instar. a second peak appears in prepupae of both caste ... | 1990 | 2354779 |
| a potent antibacterial protein in royal jelly. purification and determination of the primary structure of royalisin. | a new potent antibacterial protein, for which we propose the name royalisin, was found in royal jelly of the honeybee apis mellifera l. and purified to homogeneity for the first time by acid extraction, gel filtration, and reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography. the primary structure of royalisin was determined to consist of 51 residues, with three intramolecular disulfide linkages, having a calculated molecular mass of 5523 da. royalisin is an amphipathic protein, with the c-terminal ... | 1990 | 2358464 |
| mast cell degranulating peptide induces the expression of the c-fos proto-oncogene in hippocampus. | the intrahippocampal injection of the mast cell degranulating (mcd) peptide, a bee venom component acting on the k+ channel, results in the appearance of the proto-oncogene c-fos mrna in the ipsi- and contralateral hippocampus of the treated animals without generating convulsions. this mcd-induced transcriptional event is discussed in terms of cellular plasticity since mcd peptide is known to induce long-term potentiation. | 1990 | 2365001 |
| [the treatment of periodontitis with prolonged-action propolis preparations (clinical x-ray research)]. | a 4% alcohol solution of bee glue is suggested to be added to the filler for root-canal filling, besides the traditional treatment of the root canals with bee glue solution. clinical and x-ray examinations have demonstrated a high efficacy of such technique in acute, exacerbated, and chronic forms of periodontitis. this filler is characterized by an anesthetizing effect; it resolves behind the root canal apex within 3-12 months, is preserved in the root canals, does not stain the tooth crown, pr ... | 2016 | 2371724 |
| effects of cold shock and phospholipase a2 on intact boar spermatozoa and sperm head plasma membranes. | head plasma membranes (hpm) isolated from cryopreserved boar spermatozoa show an excessive fluidization, which might be involved in the loss of fertility. the current study assessed the ability of cold shock (5 degrees c) and phospholipase a2 (pa2) to duplicate these effects on membrane structure and to affect 45ca2+ uptake and gross morphological characteristics of whole, fresh boar-sperm. the hpm from cold-shocked sperm showed a significantly greater rate of fluidization over time than did hpm ... | 1990 | 2372397 |
| heat stress induced enhancement of heat shock protein gene activity in the honey bee (apis mellifera). | we employed in vitro translation of mrna and product separation using sds-page to examine the heat-shock response of the worker honey bee. increases in the levels of 6 translatable rna populations were observed following heat stress. the greatest response was observed among bees aged 9 days. slight levels of induction of 70 and 82 kda heat shock proteins were evident among bees taken directly from the colony. | 1990 | 2373199 |
| folding and activity of hybrid sequence, disulfide-stabilized peptides. | peptides have been synthesized that have hybrid sequences, partially derived from the bee venom peptide apamin and partially from the s peptide of ribonuclease a. the hybrid peptides were demonstrated by nmr spectroscopy to fold, forming the same disulfides and basic three-dimensional structure as native apamin, containing a beta-turn and an alpha-helix. these hybrids were active in complementing s protein, reactivating nuclease activity. in addition, the hybrid peptide was effective in inducing ... | 1990 | 2377603 |
| contribution of bee venom phospholipase a2 contamination in melittin fractions to presumed activation of tissue phospholipase a2. | melittin from bee venom has been suggested to activate tissue phospholipase a2 (pla2) activity, and subsequently has been used as a specific pla2 probe. the melittin in most cases was obtained commercially and used without further purification or treatment. to test the hypothesis that commercially obtained melittin specifically activates tissue pla2, we radiolabeled the lipids of immortalized epithelial cells by incubating the cells for 22 hr with 14c-linoleic acid. the cells were then incubated ... | 1990 | 2402761 |
| apamin, a highly specific ca2+ blocking agent in heart muscle. | apamin, a bee venom polypeptide, was recently reported to block specifically the ca2+-dependent k+ channels that are not blocked by tetraethylammonium chloride in muscle cells. we report here that apamin blocked the naturally occurring slow action potentials (aps) in cultured cell reaggregates from chick hearts. the effects of apamin were not reversible on washout with tyrode solution only (up to 24 h), but quinidine (10(-8) m) reversed the apamin blockade of the slow channels. apamin also block ... | 1985 | 2408493 |
| hexamethonium increases the excitability of sympathetic neurons by the blockade of the ca2+-activated k+ channels. | effects of hexamethonium (c6) on the excitability of sympathetic ganglion cells were examined by means of intracellular recording. when dc currents were injected, high concentrations of c6 significantly augmented the repetitive firing of the cells without any change in threshold voltage for initiation of the spike. the ca2+-sensitive component of the after-hyperpolarization following a spike was reduced by c6 in a dose-dependent fashion (0.3 to 10 mm). c6 slightly affected parameters for the spi ... | 1985 | 2409420 |
| spontaneous loss of hypersensitivity in patients allergic to bee or wasp stings; detection by venom-induced histamine release. | patients with bee or wasp sting allergy can lose their hypersensitivity spontaneously. the suitability of venom-induced histamine release for evaluating the actual allergic risk in untreated patients with a history of systemic allergic reactions following bee or wasp stings is demonstrated by successfully deliberate sting challenges. | 1985 | 2409848 |
| existence of a ca2+-dependent k+ channel in synaptic membrane and postsynaptic density fractions isolated from canine cerebral cortex and cerebellum, as determined by apamin binding. | apamin, a 18-amino acid neurotoxin isolated from bee venom, is a specific blocker of one class of the ca2+-dependent k+ channels. the monoiodo derivative of the toxin with high specific radioactivity (1600 ci/mmol) has been used to study its binding to synaptic membrane (sm) and postsynaptic density (psd) fractions isolated from cerebral cortex (ctx) and cerebellum (cl) of canine brains. the bmax (30.2 fmol/mg protein) for ctx-psd is about twice that for ctx-sm (17.3 fmol/mg protein), suggesting ... | 1985 | 2416402 |
| soluble copolymer of wasp venom with human albumin for venom immunotherapy. | polymerization of allergens decreases allergenicity while retaining immunogenicity, as we have demonstrated for ragweed, grass, and tree pollens. we have also polymerized bee venom with human albumin to form soluble, high-molecular-weight copolymers that are immunogenic in rabbits. we now have prepared a soluble wasp venom-albumin polymer (wvap), molecular weight greater than or equal to 240,000 daltons, by glutaraldehyde treatment and sephacryl s-300 column fractionation. rabbits immunized with ... | 1986 | 2419385 |
| expression of apamin receptor in muscles of patients with myotonic muscular dystrophy. | myotonic muscular dystrophy, or steinert disease, is a dominantly inherited disease of muscle which occurs with a frequency of between 1 in 18,000 and 1 in 7,500 people (refs 1, 2). one of the prominent clinical manifestations is muscle stiffness and difficulty in relaxation of muscles after voluntary contractions. electrophysiological signs of myotonia include increased excitability with a tendency to fire trains of repetitive action potentials in response to direct electrical and mechanical st ... | 1986 | 2419758 |
| [proteins of bee honey. vi. isoelectric focusing of amylase in various kinds of honey]. | the isolated honey amylase was characterized by preparative and analytical isoelectric focusing. an interesting aspect of the preparative isoelectric focusing was the reduction of iodine by ampholines which were used for building up a ph-gradient, giving a false increase in apparent amylase activity as determined by the iodine/starch reaction. dextran gels were not suited for the matrix, because interactions with the enzyme disturb the focusing. from the analytical isoelectric focusing of isolat ... | 1986 | 2420090 |
| functional characterization of mast cells generated in vitro from the mesenteric lymph node of rats infected with nippostrongylus brasiliensis. | we have examined the biochemical and functional characteristics of mast cells grown in tissue culture from the mesenteric lymph node (mln) of rats infected with the nematode nippostrongylus brasiliensis and compared them with mast cells isolated from the small intestinal mucosa and peritoneal cavity of infected animals. cultured mast cells (mc) and isolated intestinal mucosal mast cells (mmc) had a similar histamine content, and both contained type ii protease (rmcp ii) which was absent from per ... | 1986 | 2420704 |
| amino acid sequence of bumblebee mcd peptide: a new mast cell degranulating peptide from the venom of the bumblebee megabombus pennsylvanicus. | a new 28 amino acid peptide, we recently isolated from the venom of the bumblebee megabombus pennsylvanicus. has been characterized. the peptide, met-cys-ile-cys-lys-asn-gly-lys-pro-leu-pro-gly-phe-ile-gly-lys-ile-cys- arg-lys-ile-cys-met-met-gln-gln-thr-his(nh2), has been named bumblebee mast cell degranulating (mcd) peptide due to its ability to degranulate rat peritoneal mast cells, and its resemblance to the bee venom mcd peptide. bumblebee mcd peptide, unlike bombolitins, the other mast cel ... | 1985 | 2421265 |
| different patterns of antigen-induced histamine release during immunotherapy in insect venom and pollen allergy. | antigen-induced histamine release from whole blood was shown to be a suitable parameter for the diagnosis of hypersensitivity in both patients allergic to bee or wasp venom as well as in patients suffering from seasonal tree pollen allergy. although both groups were treated successfully by specific immunotherapy, only in patients with insect allergy venom induced histamine release decreased significantly during therapy, whereas, in the patient with pollinosis, pollen induced histamine release di ... | 1986 | 2425587 |
| pharmacological evidence for two types of ca2+-dependent k+-conductance in bullfrog sympathetic ganglion cells. | the effect of apamin, a bee venom toxin, on the action potential and the spike after hyperpolarization was studied in bullfrog sympathetic ganglion cells. apamin reduced the duration of the afterhyperpolarization but did not affect the maximum rates of rise and fall of na+- and ca2+-dependent action potentials. in the presence of apamin and co2+, the maximum rate of fall of the action potential was decreased, and the spike duration was prolonged. these results suggest that at least two types of ... | 1985 | 2427980 |
| the apamin-sensitive ca2+-dependent k+ channel molecular properties, differentiation and endogenous ligands in mammalian brain. | apamin is a bee venom neurotoxin of 10 amino acids containing two disulphide bridges. current-clamp and voltage-clamp experiments have shown that apamin externally applied blocks specifically at low concentration (0.1 microm) the ca2+-dependent slow k+ conductance which mediates the long-lasting after-hyperpolarization in neuroblastoma cells and rat muscle cells in culture. the apamin-sensitive ca2+-dependent slow k+ conductance is voltage-dependent and tetraethylamonium-insensitive. it is disti ... | 1985 | 2428371 |
| single apamin-blocked ca-activated k+ channels of small conductance in cultured rat skeletal muscle. | action potentials in many excitable cells are followed by a prolonged afterhyperpolarization that modulates repetitive firing. although it is established that the afterhyperpolarization is produced by ca-activated k+ currents, the basis of these currents is not known. the large conductance (250 ps) ca-activated k+ channel (bk channel) is not a major contributor to the afterhyperpolarization in non-innervated skeletal muscle and some nerve cells, because apamin, a neurotoxic component of bee veno ... | 1986 | 2430185 |
| bay k 8644 enhances slow inward and outward currents in voltage-clamped frog skeletal muscle fibres. | in isolated frog skeletal muscle fibre slow inward calcium current and slow outward potassium current were recorded by means of a double mannitol-gap device. bay k 8644, the so-called ca-channel activator, shifted the activation threshold of the slow inward calcium current (recorded in cl-free, ca-rich solution), towards negative potential by 15 mv. it increased the peak current amplitude in a dose-dependent manner (from 10(-11) to 10(-7) m; ec50 approximately equal to 10(-9) m). apamin, the bee ... | 1986 | 2432473 |
| two potent central convulsant peptides, a bee venom toxin, the mcd peptide, and a snake venom toxin, dendrotoxin i, known to block k+ channels, have interacting receptor sites. | both the bee venom toxin, mast cell degranulating peptide (mcd peptide) and the mamba toxin dendrotoxin i are potent central convulsants. the two specific receptor sites for these two types of polypeptide toxins are in allosteric interaction in brain membranes. occupation of the dendrotoxin i binding site (ki = 0.4 nm) prevents binding of the 125i-mcd peptide to its own receptor (ki = 0.23 nm). this inhibition is of the non-competitive type. autoradiography has shown that a high enough dendrotox ... | 1987 | 2435287 |
| toxic and antifeeding actions of melittin in the corn earworm, heliothis zea (boddie): comparisons to bee venom and the insecticides chlorpyriphos and cyromazine. | the acute and sublethal effects of melittin were compared to whole bee venom, chlorpyriphos and cyromazine injected into the corn earworm, heliothis zea (boddie). melittin had twice the toxicity of crude venom, but only 3% that of chlorpyriphos. melittin significantly reduced growth rate, diet consumption and food utilization efficiencies of fourth instar larvae. bee venom and insecticides reduced these parameters to a lesser extent. | 1987 | 2438811 |
| detection and photoaffinity labeling of the ca2+-activated k+ channel-associated apamin receptor in cultured astrocytes from rat brain. | apamin, an 18-amino acid bee venom peptide, is a specific blocker of a class of ca2+ activated k+ channels. mono 125i-iodoapamin was used to detect the k+ channel-associated receptor site in cultured astrocytes from rat brain. specific high-affinity binding to intact glial cells with a kd of about 90 pm at 1 degree c and ph 7.5 was demonstrated by equilibrium and kinetic methods. the average receptor capacity was 3 fmol/mg cell protein which is 2 to 3-fold lower than in primary cultured neurons. ... | 1987 | 2440516 |
| structure of a protein catalyzing the formation of 11 cis-retinal in the visual cycle of invertebrate eyes. | a pigment made up of a protein able to bind retinal as well as retinol is described. the molecule consists of a dimer with a molecular weight of 50,000 which binds one molecule of retinal. the binding site for retinal is a schiff base buried in the interior of the protein. retinol is probably bound to the protein in the same site as for retinal, although not covalently, as suggested by the absorbance spectra. the protein, extracted from honeybee retina, is involved in visual pigment metabolism, ... | 1987 | 2440575 |
| specific interaction of ige antibodies with a carbohydrate epitope of honey bee venom phospholipase a2. | phospholipase a2 (e.c. 3.1.1.4.) is a major allergen of honey bee venom. it exists in a glycosylated and an unglycosylated variant. both forms and the glycopeptide isolated after exhaustive proteolytic digestion were tested in rast and rast inhibition studies. ige from 11 of 14 bee venom allergy sera exhibited significantly higher, and in two cases exclusive, affinity towards glycosylated phospholipase. in rast inhibition experiments using phospholipase coupled to discs five of the sera were com ... | 1987 | 2444130 |
| [effect of melittin on ion currents in heart cell membranes]. | it has been shown on auricle fibres of the frog that neurotoxin from bee poison melittin suppresses the ionic currents entering the cell through calcium and sodium channels of the membrane, increases the background potassium current, suppresses phasic and tonic contraction of the fibres. toxin modifies the kinetics of calcium channels, but does not affect activation and desensitization of beta adrenoreceptors. effects of melittin are not decreased when adding the inhibitor of phospholipase a2 in ... | 2014 | 2444266 |
| the actions of presynaptic snake toxins on membrane currents of mouse motor nerve terminals. | 1. the m. triangularis sterni of the mouse was used to investigate the actions of dendrotoxin, beta-bungarotoxin, crotoxin, taipoxin, bee venom phospholipase a2, aprotinin and apamin on presynaptic currents which flow inside the perineural sheath of nerve bundles upon nerve stimulation. 2. neither the fast k+ current (ik,f) nor the ca2+-dependent k+ current ik(ca) (unmasked after blockade of ik,f by 3,4-diaminopyridine) was affected by the neurotoxins and drugs mentioned. 3. inhibition of both i ... | 1987 | 2445966 |
| mast cell degranulating peptide and dendrotoxin selectively inhibit a fast-activating potassium current and bind to common neuronal proteins. | dendrotoxin and mast cell degranulating peptide are highly potent convulsant polypeptides from mamba snake and bee venoms, respectively. electrophysiological techniques and binding assays were used to study their interaction with fast-activating, voltage-dependent potassium channels in rat neurons. intracellular recordings in sensory ganglion cells showed that mast cell degranulating peptide blocks the same slowly inactivating potassium current as dendrotoxin but with lower potency, the respecti ... | 1987 | 2449637 |
| preferential cytotoxicity on tumor cells by caffeic acid phenethyl ester isolated from propolis. | the honeybee hive product, propolis, is a folk medicine employed for treating various ailments. many important pharmaceutical properties have been ascribed to propolis, including anti-inflammatory, antiviral, immunostimulatory and carcinostatic activities. propolis extracts have provided an active component identified as caffeic acid phenethyl ester (cape), which was readily prepared in one step. differential cytotoxicity has been observed in normal rat/human versus transformed rat/human melanom ... | 1988 | 2450776 |
| basophil histamine release in insect venom allergy. | the aim of the present study was to investigate venom-related and venom-non-related immunological reactions in patients stung by bee or wasp. sixteen consecutive patients (7 with local and 9 with systemic reactions) were tested with skin tests, rast and basophil histamine release (bhr) test immediately after the insect sting and 2, 4, and 16 weeks later. no test was useful immediately after the insect sting, the "anergic period". in agreement with earlier findings, the spt was the only allergy t ... | 1988 | 2452581 |