Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| evaluation of organophosphorus and synthetic pyrethroid insecticides against six vector mosquitoe species. | three organophosphorus compounds- malathion, folithion and temephos- and two synthetic pyrethroids- alphamethrin and deltamethrin- were used for monitoring the susceptibility status of larvae and adults of six vector mosquito species: culex quinquefasciatus (filariasis) and aedes albopictus (dengue) (both laboratory and field strains); laboratory strains of aedes aegypti (dengue), anopheles stephensi and anopheles culicifacies (malaria), and culex tritaeniorhynchus (japanese encephalitis) in ind ... | 1993 | 7997809 |
| a device for monitoring populations of larval mosquitoes in container habitats. | a device was developed for repetitive sampling of mosquito larvae without undue disruption of the larval habitat. the sampler is a 3-oz. (ca. 100-ml capacity) transparent plastic cup with a hole in the center of its convex bottom. the device is buoyed by corks so that the water level is 15 mm above the bottom rim of the cup and 5 mm above the hole. there was significant correlation between 24-h samples of aedes albopictus and culex quinquefasciatus 4th-instar larvae in the larval sampling device ... | 1994 | 8014619 |
| japanese aedes albopictus among four mosquito species reaching new zealand in used tires. | since a 1988-89 survey of northern new zealand revealed no additions to the known mosquito fauna, this country's used tire importations have much increased. relevant entomological quarantine was thus monitored in a november 1992-january 1993 auckland project, during which almost 1/3 of 8,549 casings from japan proved wet on inspection. in this study and at 2 south island ports afterwards, 5 vessels from japan and one from australia were found to have brought in mosquito-infested used tires. live ... | 1994 | 8014623 |
| comparison of bi-directional fay, omni-directional, cdc, and duplex cone traps for sampling adult aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti in north florida. | we compared the number of aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti females collected in cdc, duplex cone, bi-directional fay, and new omni-directional traps in a series of trials in northern florida during 1992 and 1993. bi-directional fay and omni-directional traps collected significantly more ae. albopictus females than did the other traps tested. the bi-directional fay trap collected significantly more ae. aegypti females than did any other trap. the results of these studies indicate that these tra ... | 1994 | 8014632 |
| reproductive isolation between florida strains of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. | the dynamics of heterospecific and conspecific mating between florida strains of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus was examined. in nonchoice experiments where conspecific males were not available, dissection of the spermathecae showed that heterospecific insemination was an infrequent event for both species combinations (10.6% for ae. albopictus with ae. aegypti males, 3.6% for the reciprocal cross). few eggs were produced from heterospecific crosses and all were nonviable. frequency of hetero ... | 1994 | 8014633 |
| intracellular immunization of mosquito cells to lacrosse virus using a recombinant sindbis virus vector. | a cdna of the small rna genome segment of la crosse (lac) virus was inserted, in an antisense orientation, into a double subgenomic sindbis (dssin) virus expression vector generating pte/3'2j/anti-s (15,000bp). in vitro transcription of the pte/3'2j/anti-s template generated genomic rna that was electrotransfected into bhk-21 cells to produce virus. northern blot analysis of rna isolated from infected aedes albopictus (c6/36) cells showed that the te/3'2j/anti-s virus produced a subgenomic mrna ... | 1994 | 8030366 |
| mosquito ribosomal protein rpl31 resembles rat rpl34: cdna and deduced amino acid sequence. | an aedes albopictus ribosomal protein rpl31 cdna was sequenced, and found to encode a protein with homology to rat rpl34. the 544 bp mosquito cdna contained an atg start site, three in-frame termination codons, and an aataaa polyadenylation signal. mosquito rpl31 had a mass of 15,137 da, a pi of 12.39 and contained 14.5% arg and 14.5% lys. pcr analyses with genomic dna suggested the presence of a large intron near the 5'-end of the gene. | 1994 | 8049275 |
| the envelope glycoproteins of dengue 1 and dengue 2 viruses grown in mosquito cells differ in their utilization of potential glycosylation sites. | we have previously isolated and characterized two dengue (den) 2 viruses mutant in their fusion-from-within (ffwi) phenotype in the insect cell line c6/36. both viruses lost a potential glycosylation site (asn-153) in the envelope (e) glycoprotein. to determine whether the change in ffwi phenotype was due to a change in e-glycoprotein glycosylation, we characterized the patterns of glycosylation on the e-glycoprotein of wild-type den 1 and den 2 viruses. the e-glycoproteins were isolated from pu ... | 1994 | 8053148 |
| [presence of aedes albopictus in liguria]. | further data about the presence of aedes albopictus in the area of genoa are given with some comments concerning the ecology of this oriental mosquito in the town and the dermatological problems it implies. | 1993 | 8065817 |
| [effect of metallic copper on the larva of aedes albopictus: 1st laboratory data]. | laboratory experiments were carried out to test the larvicidal properties of metallic copper against ae albopictus, a species which has spread in italy during the last 3 years. the results show the strongest lethal effect on 1st stage larvae and support the use of copper as a simple, cheap and environmentally safe agent to control larval breeding of ae albopictus in peridomestic containers. | 1993 | 8065821 |
| tyre-travelling aedes albopictus--correction and adenda. | 1994 | 8089524 | |
| absence of fc receptors on aedes albopictus c6/36 cells permissive for dengue virus 2. | 1993 | 8105669 | |
| mayaro virus proteins. | mayaro virus was grown in bhk-21 cells and purified by centrifugation in a potassium-tartrate gradient (5-50%). the electron microscopy analyses of the purified virus showed an homogeneous population of enveloped particles with 69 +/- 2.3 nm in diameter. three structural virus proteins were identified and designated p1, p2 and p3. their average molecular weight were p1, 54 kda; p2, 50 kda and p3, 34 kda. in mayaro virus infected aedes albopictus cells and in bhk-21 infected cells we detected six ... | 1993 | 8107591 |
| isolation of dengue virus type 1 from larvae of aedes albopictus in campos altos city, state of minas gerais, brazil. | 1993 | 8107613 | |
| mosquito large subunit ribosomal rna: simultaneous alignment of primary and secondary structure. | we report the sequence and propose a secondary structure for the cytoplasmic large subunit (5.8s and 28s) ribosomal rna of the mosquito, aedes albopictus, in an aligned format that incorporates secondary structure comparisons with homo sapiens, drosophila melanogaster, and escherichia coli ribosomal rnas. this format facilitates comparison of subtle differences between models, allowing nucleotide by nucleotide analysis at each position of discrepancy. comparison of the a. albopictus large subuni ... | 1994 | 8110829 |
| the expression of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase in aedes albopictus (c6/36) cells and aedes triseriatus mosquitoes using a double subgenomic recombinant sindbis virus. | genomic rna was transcribed in vitro from the double subgenomic recombinant sindbis (sin) virus expression vector, pte/3'2j/cat, and transfected into bhk-21 cells to generate recombinant virus stocks. te/3'2j/cat virus was used to infect c6/36 (aedes albopictus) cells and adult female aedes triseriatus. when c6/36 cells were infected with te/3'2j/cat virus at a multiplicity of infection (moi) of greater than 20, 100% of the cells expressed cat. the number of cat polypeptides expressed per cell a ... | 1994 | 8111422 |
| cultured aedes albopictus mosquito cells synthesize hormone-inducible proteins. | to provide a framework for biochemical investigation of ecdysteroid action in aedes albopictus mosquito cells, we examined the effect of 20-hydroxyecdysone on cell growth and morphology, synthesis of inducible proteins (eips), and expression of a transfected gene regulated by a synthetic ecdysteroid response element. when cells were cultured in the continuous presence of 10(-6) m 20-hydroxyecdysone, the rate of growth decreased and subtle changes in cell morphology were observed. in both aedes a ... | 1993 | 8118617 |
| effects of ivermectin in canine blood on anopheles quadrimaculatus, aedes albopictus and culex salinarius. | blood from ivermectin-treated dogs was tested against adult mosquitoes. mosquitoes were allowed to bloodfeed on mixed breed dogs 4 h after dogs were given oral dosages of ivermectin. in test 1, anopheles quadrimaculatus and aedes albopictus fed on dogs that had been given ivermectin dosages of 0, 6, 12, and 24 micrograms/kg. in test 2, culex salinarius and ae. albopictus fed on dogs that had been given dosages of 0, 15, 30, 60, and 120 micrograms/kg. in both tests, mosquitoes were observed for m ... | 1993 | 8126472 |
| response of anopheles dirus and aedes albopictus to repellents in the laboratory. | laboratory tests were conducted to study the response of anopheles dirus and aedes albopictus to repellent formulations containing diethyl methylbenzamide (deet) and dimethyl phthalate. anopheles dirus was tolerant of low concentrations of deet (5-20%), and formulations containing < or = 35% deet provided protection for < or = 90 min. in contrast, ae. albopictus was sensitive to these formulations, which provided > or = 180 min protection from bites. | 1993 | 8126487 |
| a 55-kda protein induced in aedes albopictus (mosquito) cells by antiviral protein. | we have previously shown that the antiviral protein (avp) produced by sindbis virus-infected aedes albopictus (mosquito) cells (riedel and brown, j. virol. 29, 51-60, 1979) blocks sindbis viral rna synthesis and stimulates its own production when applied to uninfected a. albopictus cells (luo and brown, virology 194, 44-49, 1993). from a virus-sensitive (wild-type) mosquito cell line (u4.4) we produced a virus-resistant cell line (l4.4) by exposing u4.4 cells to the avp. l4.4 cells constitutivel ... | 1994 | 8128621 |
| purification and kinetic mechanism of the glutathione s-transferase from c6/36, an aedes albopictus cell line. | glutathione s-transferase from an aedes albopictus cell line, c6/36, was purified to apparent homogeneity by a single glutathione-sepharose 4b affinity chromatography, with an overall yield of 66% and 226-fold purification. the enzyme is presumably a homodimer with subunit m(r) 23,000, which is similar to the enzyme isolated from other sources. under native conditions, the enzyme exhibited multiple forms upon isoelectric focusing or polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and all these forms retaine ... | 1994 | 8161196 |
| expression of an antisense dihydrofolate reductase transcript in transfected mosquito cells: effects on growth and plating efficiency. | novel approaches to control of vector-borne disease include potential use of transgenic insects, in which molecular mechanisms will be induced to prevent transmission of pathogenic organisms. the infrastructure essential to this technology includes the cloning of essential genes from vector insects, and the development of efficient transformation strategies. in this study, we use a continuous mosquito (aedes albopictus) cell line and a cloned mosquito dihydrofolate reductase gene to demonstrate ... | 1994 | 8166349 |
| secretion of an inducible cecropin-like activity by cultured mosquito cells. | characterization of activities that provide potential targets for genetic manipulation of pathogen development, maintenance, and transmission in transgenic insects has applications to the eventual control of malaria and other arthropod-transmitted diseases. we have identified inducible activities from cultured mosquito (aedes albopictus) cells, including one that shares the antimicrobial properties of cecropins from other insects. the cecropin-like activity can be induced by treatment with heat- ... | 1994 | 8166350 |
| complete nucleotide sequence and genomic organization of the aedes albopictus parvovirus (aapv) pathogenic for aedes aegypti larvae. | we have cloned the replicative form of the aedes albopictus parvovirus (aapv) genome and determined the complete sequence of the viral strand. the sequence is 4176 nucleotides (nt) in length. the first 134 nt at the 3' end and the terminal 182 nt at the 5' end of the viral (minus) strand can both generate by folding and annealing of complementary sequences a typical terminal t-shaped structure although they differ in their sequence. three large open reading frames (orfs), each one in a different ... | 1994 | 8178459 |
| cold acclimation, diapause, and geographic origin affect cold hardiness in eggs of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). | eggs of five strains of aedes albopictus (skuse) were obtained in both diapause and nondiapause conditions and exposed to various cold acclimation regimes in the laboratory, after which they were subjected to diverse chilling treatments. larvae that survived chilling as eggs survived to the pupal stage. eggs of aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes triseriatus (say) were included as control species. eggs of temperate ae. albopictus were more cold-hardy than eggs of ae. aegypti but less cold-hardy than th ... | 1994 | 8189409 |
| aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae): a statistical model of the role of temperature, photoperiod, and geography in the induction of egg diapause. | aedes albopictus (skuse) lays eggs refractory to hatching in response to several environmental cues. the goal of this statistical treatment was to quantify the role and interaction of latitude and country of origin (japan and the united states), photoperiod, rearing/holding temperature, and a newly identified element, elevation of the site of origin, with critical photoperiod (cpp). we also describe the development of an equation relating the incidence of diapause to daylength, rearing/holding t ... | 1994 | 8189418 |
| experimental transmission of eastern equine encephalitis virus by strains of aedes albopictus and a. taeniorhynchus (diptera: culicidae). | the vector competence of aedes taeniorhynchus (wiedemann) and four strains of aedes albopictus (skuse) was assessed for eastern equine encephalitis (eee) virus isolated from ae. albopictus collected in polk county, florida. both species became infected with and transmitted eee virus by bite after feeding on 1-d-old chicks that had been inoculated with eee virus (viremia = 10(10.1) plaque-forming units [pfu] per ml of blood). however, when fed on an older chick with a lower viremia (viremia = 10( ... | 1994 | 8189419 |
| [comparative study of larval and ovitrap efficacy for surveillance of dengue and yellow fever vectors]. | a comparative study of the efficiency of ovitraps and larval-traps was undertaken with a view to improving the entomological survey of vectors of dengue and yellow fever-aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus-in s. paulo state, brazil. the region studied is infected only by aedes albopictus, a species that keeps to wild habitats but colonizes artificial breeding grounds as well. the first part of the study was located in a periurban area of tremembé county were 3 hollon trees, 23 ovitraps and 5 larv ... | 1993 | 8209154 |
| a parvo-like virus persistently infecting a c6/36 clone of aedes albopictus mosquito cell line and pathogenic for aedes aegypti larvae. | we have isolated and partially characterized from an apparently healthy c6/36 subclone of aedes albopictus cell line a small icosahedral non-enveloped dna virus, designated aapv. this virus proved to be highly pathogenic for aedes aegypti neonate larvae. viral infection persisted for over 4 years in the cell culture without any cytopathic effect. attempts to infect suckling mice, drosophila melanogaster adults and spodoptera littoralis larvae with aapv were unsuccessful. similarly, the aapv fail ... | 1993 | 8212862 |
| the mosquito dihydrofolate reductase gene functions as a dominant selectable marker in transfected cells. | an aedes albopictus dihydrofolate reductase gene was used to construct two chimeric dna vectors that functioned as dominant selectable markers in transfected, wild type mosquito cells. stably transformed clones were recovered after 10-15 days in the presence of selective medium containing 1 microm methotrexate. the transformed clones contained an estimated 100-500 copies of transfected dna per nucleus. combined data from southern blots and in situ hybridization to metaphase chromosomes indicated ... | 1993 | 8220387 |
| genetic and biological differentiation of dengue 3 isolates obtained from clinical cases in java, indonesia, 1976-1978. | previous epidemiological, virological and clinical studies have documented a series of outbreaks of dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome which occurred in java, indonesia in 1976-1978. in the current study we compare growth characteristics in cell culture, and nucleotide sequence data for the viral prm and e genes, of five low passage den-3 isolates obtained during these epidemics from clinically defined cases. all isolates had the same passage history: human sera wer ... | 1993 | 8240004 |
| distributional records for aedes mosquitoes from the u.s. air force ovitrapping program-1992. | during 1992, ovitrapping to sample populations of container-breeding aedes was conducted at 28 u.s. air force installations in north america. aedes albopictus was collected at 19 installations. the collections of ae. albopictus at goodfellow air force base (afb), tx, and moody afb, ga, represent new records for tom green and lowndes counties, respectively. six installations were positive for ae. aegypti; 13 were positive for aedes triseriatus. | 1993 | 8245948 |
| distribution, abundance and bionomics of aedes albopictus in southern texas. | a survey was conducted for aedes albopictus in southern texas during the summer of 1992. thirty-five new country records were added to the distribution of this imported mosquito in texas. aedes albopictus was widely distributed throughout the ecological regions in the survey area, but its abundance decreased in counties adjacent to the rio grande river. however, these counties had high densities of aedes aegypti. | 1993 | 8245952 |
| mutations in the nsp1 coding sequence of sindbis virus which restrict viral replication in secondary cultures of chick embryo fibroblasts prepared from aged primary cultures. | svmpa, a mutant of sindbis virus (sv), which is able to replicate in aedes albopictus cells treated with mycophenolic acid (mpa) or ribavirin, also has a host range phenotype. this phenotype is most clearly demonstrated by means of efficiency of plaquing (eop) assays on secondary chick embryo fibroblasts (cef) prepared from aged primary cef. for example, in one experiment in which standard sv (svstd) had a relative eop (eop on primary cef divided by eop on secondary cef) of 1.6 the corresponding ... | 1994 | 8259645 |
| codon preference of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. | the codon bias of two aedes mosquito species was examined using a sign test. in general, there appeared to be some preference for c + g at the third base position, although this was not statistically significant. while amino acids such as phenylalanine and tyrosine clearly displayed biases, others such as valine and serine appeared to have little or no bias for any particular codon. three homologous genes of aedes aegypti and drosophila melanogaster were compared using the chi-square test and th ... | 1993 | 8269097 |
| aedes albopictus--a new disease vector for europe? | aedes albopictus is an important and widespread vector of dengue in many tropical countries. its eggs and larvae are readily transported in commodities, such as old vehicle tyres, to many temperate regions, where it is able to survive and breed. it could thus become a serious health threat in europe. | 1993 | 8277461 |
| reversal of the antiviral activity of ribavirin against sindbis virus in ae. albopictus mosquito cells. | earlier work in our laboratory has shown that the replication of sindbis virus in aedes albopictus mosquito cells is inhibited by ribavirin (rbv) and mycophenolic acid (mpa) (sarver and stollar (1978) virology 91, 267-282; malinoski and stollar (1980) virology 102, 473-476). we report here that the antiviral effect of rbv and mpa can be reversed by depriving infected cells of methionine or isoleucine, or by treating them with fluorodeoxyuridine (fudr) or cycloleucine. we suggest that, as was the ... | 1993 | 8279817 |
| [outbreak of classical fever of dengue caused by serotype 2 in araguaiana, tocantins, brazil]. | we report the first outbreak of dengue fever caused by dengue 2 (den 2) in araguaina, tocantins state. four hundred people of 74 families, living at s. joão, araguaina sul and neblina districts were questioned and then bled, in order to obtain sera to test for anti-dengue antibodies. if a person was sick, a small quantity of blood was collected for virus isolation. the main clinical picture of disease was characterized by fever, headache, myalgias, arthralgias and skin rash. were obtained 1,105 ... | 1993 | 8284598 |
| paho advisory: aedes albopictus in the caribbean. | 1993 | 8305291 | |
| aedes albopictus in europe: a new challenge for dermatologists. | a patient is reported who was bitten by aedes albopictus, commonly known as tiger mosquito. the biology of the insect, originally living in the forests of southeastern asia, and its role in transmitting exotic infectious agents is discussed. up to this day, only albania and northern italy have been colonized, but the biologic characteristics of the insect make its spreading all over europe highly probable, unless serious attempts to eradicate it are quickly undertaken. dermatologists should thin ... | 1993 | 8324281 |
| factors affecting zero background frequency of sister-chromatid exchange in mosquito cells. | a background level of sister-chromatid exchange (sce) is found in mammalian cells. however, in the somatic cells of drosophila melanogaster, there was no spontaneous sce if a minimum concentration of bromodeoxyuridine (brdu) was used. in this communication we report that in a mosquito (aedes albopictus) cell line (c6/36), some cells also have no background sce (0-sce). subclones of high (44%) or low (12%) frequency of 0-sce cells were obtained, but none of them contained 100% 0-sce cells. increa ... | 1993 | 8332078 |
| vertical transmission of west nile virus by culex and aedes species mosquitoes. | experiments were conducted to determine whether west nile (wn) virus was transmitted vertically by colonized strains of aedes albopictus, ae. aegypti, and culex tritaeniorhynchus. female mosquitoes were infected by intrathoracic inoculation with wn virus, and the f1 progeny were tested for virus by the fluorescence antibody technique and the newborn mouse assay. each of the three mosquito species transmitted wn virus to f1 adults derived from immature forms reared at 26 degrees c. the minimal fi ... | 1993 | 8333569 |
| mating and nutritional state affect the reproduction of aedes albopictus mosquitoes. | mated female aedes albopictus mosquitoes that were maintained after emergence without carbohydrate were more likely to develop eggs after a small blood meal than were unmated females maintained on the same diet. the effect was due to male accessory gland substances transferred to the female during mating. neither the endogenous reserves of protein and lipid nor the number of eggs developed per volume of ingested blood differed between mated and unmated females, suggesting that the utilization of ... | 1993 | 8350073 |
| entomologic investigations of an epidemic of st. louis encephalitis in pine bluff, arkansas, 1991. | an epidemic of st. louis encephalitis (sle) occurred in jefferson county, arkansas during july-august 1991. at least 26 human cases were involved, with 25 cases in the town of pine bluff. twelve isolates of sle virus were obtained from mosquitoes collected in pine bluff between august 13 and 24: 11 from pools of culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, resulting in a minimum infection rate of 1.6 per 1,000 (n = 6,768) for this subspecies, and one isolate from a pool of 22 mosquitoes identified as cx. (cu ... | 1993 | 8352390 |
| [a study on transmission of dengue virus by culex fatigans]. | patients with acute dengue fever within 2 days of onset were simultaneously bitten by culex fatigans, aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus, which were fed and incubated in the laboratory. isolation and quantitative assay of dengue virus and transmission experiment were conducted on specimens collected from 3 kinds of mosquitoes at different time. the result showed a positive rate of 5.13% (2/39) and an average viral titer of 2.41 logtcid50, for culex fatigans, which indicates that culex fatigans m ... | 1993 | 8353818 |
| mechanism of increased dissemination of chikungunya virus in aedes albopictus mosquitoes concurrently ingesting microfilariae of dirofilaria immitis. | we investigated whether concurrent ingestion of chikungunya virus and microfilariae of dirofilaria immitis increases viral dissemination and multiplication in a mosquito vector. the increased rate of dissemination of this virus in mosquitoes concurrently ingesting both agents was found when homogenates of bodies and those of legs only were examined. it was significantly higher than that of controls ingesting the virus alone through the end of the experiment on day 14 after infection. we next stu ... | 1993 | 8357082 |
| aedes albopictus: the tyre-travelling tiger. | 1993 | 8370933 | |
| early events of semliki forest virus-induced cell-cell fusion. | insect cells (aedes albopictus) were infected with semliki forest virus. cell-cell fusion was then induced by lowering the extracellular ph. the underlying processes were examined by monitoring the intercellular current flow, ij. experimentally, this involved the use of cell pairs in conjunction with a dual voltage-clamp method. this approach allowed us to monitor the kinetics of fusion at high temporal resolution. the fusion process began shortly after acidification (delay: 3-138 sec). initiall ... | 1993 | 8372433 |
| purification and characterization of a sindbis virus-induced peptide which stimulates its own production and blocks virus rna synthesis. | the antiviral activity described by riedel and brown (j. virol. 29, 51-60) has been purified to homogeneity. a study of the effects of this pure peptide on mosquito cell growth and virus replication has been undertaken. we have found that treatment of noninfected aedes albopictus cells with this antiviral peptide results in a temporary arrest of cell division accompanied by acquisition of virus resistance and the constitutive production of the antiviral protein. | 1993 | 8386889 |
| metabolic and morphological changes in a. albopictus cells infected with mayaro virus under heat-shock conditions. | we addressed the question how temperature elevation inhibits mayaro virus replication in aedes albopictus infected cells. the morphology and macromolecular changes induced by temperature, infection and high serum concentration were investigated in these cells. cells incubated with 2 and 10% serum at 28 degrees c disclosed an intense vacuolization and inhibition of [35s]methionine incorporation in a time-dependent manner. 34 and 50 kda viral structural proteins were detected 24 h after infection. ... | 1993 | 8392316 |
| transovarial transmission of chikungunya virus by aedes albopictus mosquitoes ingesting microfilariae of dirofilaria immitis under laboratory conditions. | female aedes albopictus mosquitoes of the miki strain were experimentally fed on defibrinated sheep blood containing 5 x 10(7) pfu of chikungunya virus and 20,000 microfilariae of dirofilaria immitis per milliliter. fully engorged mosquitoes transmitted the virus to a small percentage of the f1 progeny, but females of the f1 generation did not transmit the virus to the f2 progeny. the control mosquitoes that ingested the virus without microfilariae did not transmit the virus to their eggs, larva ... | 1993 | 8394983 |
| immunoreactivity and protective effects in mice of a recombinant dengue 2 tonga virus ns1 protein produced in a baculovirus expression system. | the double-stranded replicative form of dengue 2 virus (den-2) rna (tonga strain) was used as a substrate to produce dna clones of the ns1-ns2a genes via reverse transcriptase synthesis of full length cdna followed by polymerase chain reaction amplification of the ns1-ns2a region. products were cloned into ptz18r for sequencing and into baculovirus for expression studies. the deduced amino acid sequence of the ns1-ns2a was almost identical to that of the s1 attenuated strain of den-2 puerto rico ... | 1993 | 8423452 |
| processing of the dengue virus type 2 proteins prm and c-prm. | a glycoprotein c-prm of 35,000 m(r) was immuno-precipitated from lysates of aedes albopictus cells infected with dengue virus type 2 (den-2) using antisera directed against the c protein or an amino-terminal fragment of the prm glycoprotein. c-prm was not detected in infected vero cells. the prm glycoprotein synthesized in infected a. albopictus and vero cells was cleaved to produce the membrane-associated virion protein (m) and the non-m fragment (pr) immediately preceding or occurring simultan ... | 1993 | 8429301 |
| the distribution of sindbis virus proteins in mosquito cells as determined by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. | two aedes albopictus (mosquito) subclones, c7-10 and c6/36, were examined by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy for the distribution of sindbis virus structural and non-structural proteins. both the viral glycoproteins, e1 and e2, and the non-structural proteins, nsp1 and nsp2, were found within vesicles and electron-dense, amorphous matrices associated with sindbis virus infection. the labelling patterns indicated that both replication of viral rna and production of virus particle ... | 1993 | 8429303 |
| susceptibility parameters of aedes albopictus to per oral infection with eastern equine encephalitis virus. | aedes albopictus (skuse) mosquitoes were fed on snowy egrets, egretta thula (thayer and bangs), that had been infected by subcutaneous inoculation of eastern equine encephalitis (eee) virus. freshly fed mosquitoes were frozen and tested to determine how much virus they had ingested. other fed mosquitoes from the same lots were incubated for 7 d at 27 degrees c before testing. seven lots of ae. albopictus fed on viremic birds. based on average amounts of virus ingested and day 7 virus infection r ... | 1993 | 8433331 |
| host-feeding patterns of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) at a temperate north american site. | precipitin tests and elisa were used to investigate host-feeding patterns of 172 blood-fed aedes albopictus (skuse) collected at potosi, mo, during the summers of 1989 and 1990. one hundred ten (64.0%) mosquitoes had fed on mammals, 29 (16.9%) on birds, and none on turtles or snakes. thirty-three (19.2%) mosquitoes failed to react in all tests. eighty-six (78.2%) of the 110 mammalian feeds were positive for lower taxa as follows: rabbit, 24.5%; deer, 14.5%; dog, 13.6%; human, 8.2%; squirrel, 7.3 ... | 1993 | 8433336 |
| ph-dependent pore formation in semliki forest virus-infected aedes albopictus cells. | the plasma membrane properties of semliki forest virus-infected aedes cells were studied using whole-cell patch-clamp recording. cells exhibited a marked increase in membrane conductance, gm (from 0.48 +/- 0.09 ns to 14.2 +/- 10.8 ns) upon exposure to acidic ph (5.6). the membrane potential depolarized from -40.9 +/- 5.2 mv to -2.43 +/- 7.14 mv under these conditions. in uninfected cells, there was no change in gm after lowering the ph. this implies that viral fusion proteins are involved in cha ... | 1993 | 8438571 |
| midgut basal lamina thickness and dengue-1 virus dissemination rates in laboratory strains of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). | strain differences in midgut basal lamina thickness, assessed by measurement in transmission electron micrographs, and disseminated infection rates of dengue-1 virus were compared among three laboratory strains of aedes albopictus (skuse). mean basal lamina thickness for the new orleans and houston strains were significantly greater than those for the oahu strain, which exhibits a higher disseminated infection rate than the former two. although basal lamina thickness among the f1 progeny of reci ... | 1993 | 8459409 |
| reducing the overwintering ability of aedes albopictus by male release. | eggs of temperate aedes albopictus populations are cold hardy and can diapause, but tropical populations are not cold hardy and cannot diapause. heterozygotes possess intermediate diapause and cold hardiness. males of a tropical strain from malaysia with a distinctive genetic marker were released into an existing temperate population in east st. louis, illinois. subsequent egg samples from the release site had genetic marker frequency of up to 24%. reduced cold hardiness and decreased diapause i ... | 1993 | 8468578 |
| evaluation of mechanical transmission of hiv by the african soft tick, ornithodoros moubata. | to assess the ability of the african hut tampan, ornithodoros moubata, to mechanically transmit hiv-1 and to re-appraise hiv-1 infectivity in an arthropod cell line at 28 and 35 degrees c. | 1993 | 8471196 |
| selection and partial characterization of dengue 2 virus mutants that induce fusion at elevated ph. | two types of dengue (den) 2 virus mutants were selected either by repeated exposure to acidic ph (acid mutant, am), or by the addition of ammonium chloride to aedes albopictus c6/36 cells prior to and during viral infection (fusion mutant, fm). both mutants grew more slowly than the parent strain and induced smaller plaques in vero cells. the 50% fusion from within index for both mutants occurred at least 0.65 ph units higher than with the wild-type den virus. a single amino acid substitution (a ... | 1993 | 8480420 |
| transcripts from a mosquito dihydrofolate reductase gene: evidence for heterogeneity at the 5' end. | heterogeneity among transcripts from the mosquito (aedes albopictus) dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) gene in wild-type c7-12 cells and in methotrexate-resistant mtx-5011-128 cells has been analyzed by northern blotting, rnaase mapping, and primer extension. in both sensitive and resistant cells, a major transcription initiation site mapped c. 11 nucleotides downstream of the tataa box, near position -66 relative to the aug codon. two other major transcription initiation sites mapped approx. eight ... | 1993 | 8485523 |
| insecticide susceptibility status & enzyme profile of aedes albopictus populations from different localities of maharashtra state. | susceptibility status of five populations of ae. albopictus mosquitoes from maharashtra state, to ddt, malathion, fenitrothion, bromophos, propoxur and deltamethrin was studied and compared with the laboratory population. four populations survived when adults were exposed to 4 per cent ddt impregnated paper for 2 h; though three of these populations had lower ddt-lc50 values at larval stages in comparison with the laboratory population. results of topical application of ddt on these four populat ... | 1993 | 8486408 |
| [aedes albopictus in europe: a real threat]. | 1993 | 8504260 | |
| amplification and sequencing of dna from a 120-135-million-year-old weevil. | dna has been successfully isolated from both fossilized plant and animal tissues. the oldest material, dated as 25-40 million years old (tertiary), was obtained from amber-entombed bees and termites. tissues from both these insects yielded dna of good quality, which could be amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and subsequently sequenced, including the genes encoding 18s ribosomal rna and 16s rrna. we report here the extraction of dna from a 120-135-million-year-old weevil (nemonychi ... | 1993 | 8505978 |
| vector competence of aedes albopictus and ae. aegypti (diptera: culicidae) to dengue 1 virus on taiwan: development of the virus in orally and parenterally infected mosquitoes. | the vector competence in ae. aegypti (l.) and ae. albopictus (skuse) from southern taiwan to the dengue 1 virus was studied to elucidate the distribution of dengue infection during the 1987-1988 outbreak. the brain of ae. aegypti was infected as early as 3 d after intrathoracic inoculation. the esophagus and the proboscis (tissues within the labium) were infected 5 d after inoculation. the salivary gland was highly susceptible to the virus, but no specific infection site was found. gangli, muscl ... | 1993 | 8510112 |
| geographic variation of cuticular hydrocarbons among fourteen populations of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). | cuticular hydrocarbons were used to differentiate among fourteen aedes albopictus (skuse) populations from asia, brazil, and the united states. forty cuticular hydrocarbon peaks from each north american population were previously identified using gas chromatography electron impact-mass spectrometry. the same cuticular hydrocarbon peaks were identified in the asian and brazilian populations. samples from three populations were analyzed using capillary gas chromatography chemical ionization mass s ... | 1993 | 8510114 |
| studies on the replication of mayaro virus grown in interferon treated cells. | mayaro virus grown in interferon treated infected cells has been characterized with regard to its ability to replicate in vertebrate (tc7) and invertebrate (aedes albopictus) cells. virus purified from interferon treated tc7 cells adsorbs and penetrates to the same extent as the control virus. during infection, these virus particles caused inhibition of host protein synthesis and synthesized the same spectrum of viral proteins as normal virus. this population however, was apparently more sensiti ... | 1994 | 8524064 |
| duration of larval and pupal development stages of aedes albopictus in natural and artificial containers. | aedes albopictus were reared in different containers: a tree hole, a bamboo stump and an auto tire. the total times from egg hatching to adult emergence were of 19.6, 27.3 and 37.5 days, respectively, according to the container. the first, second and third-instar larvae presented growth periods with highly similar durations. the fourth-instar larvae was longer than the others stages. the pupation time was longer than the fourth-instar larvae growth period. the temperature of the breeding sites s ... | 1995 | 8525309 |
| field overwinter survivorship of aedes albopictus eggs in japan. | the overwintering ability of eggs of 3 temperate and 2 tropical strains of aedes albopictus was assessed at 5 field sites during winter 1991-92 and 4 field sites during winter 1992-93 in japan. nagasaki, the warmest site, is the only site at which tropical ae. albopictus could possibly become established. the eggs of temperate ae. albopictus can survive less than half of the winters in sapporo. temperate ae. albopictus can survive at least some of the winters at bijo daira, kitakami, nagasaki, t ... | 1995 | 8551306 |
| laboratory transmission of sindbis virus by aedes albopictus, ae. aegypti, and culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae). | the susceptibility of aedes albopictus (skuse) for sindbis (sin) virus was examined in the laboratory. ae. albopictus, ae. aegypti (l.), and culex pipiens (l.) became infected with and subsequently transmitted sin virus by bite to chicks after feeding on viremic 1-d-old chicks. after ingesting 10(5.3) plaque-forming units (pfu)/ml, ae. albopictus had the highest transmission rate (30%) of the 3 species. transmission by ae. aegypti was less efficient (7%), whereas none of the cx. pipiens transmit ... | 1995 | 8551504 |
| infection of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) and ae. aegypti with lambornella stegomyiae (ciliophora: tetrahymenidae). | the transformation of lambornella stegomyiae trophonts to theronts, the distribution of invasion cysts on larval aedes albopictus cuticle, and the virulence of l. stegomyiae to ae. albopictus and aedes aegypti were studied in the laboratory. transformation of trophonts into theronts was induced by a morphogenic agent released from larval ae. albopictus homogenate. the first transformation was observed 4 hr after exposure to larval mosquito homogenate, but most transformations occurred between 12 ... | 1995 | 8568285 |
| towards malaria control in nigeria: a qualitative study on the population of mosquitoes. | malaria is still highly prevalent in many tropical countries and this disease can only survive in areas where mosquitoes and infected human populations are high. relevant information on the species of mosquitoes, their habitats and their population are important in planning preventative strategies in the control of malaria, hence this study. mosquito species and their habitats were investigated in both high and low density areas of benin city, edo state, nigeria. the results showed that culex pi ... | 1995 | 8568784 |
| wolbachia superinfections and the expression of cytoplasmic incompatibility. | strains of drosophila simulans from riverside, california (dsr) and hawaii (dsh) harbour distinct strains of the cytoplasmic incompatibility microorganism wolbachia, resulting in the expression of bidirectional incompatibility when crossed. d. simulans lines carrying both of these (superinfected) wolbachia strains were generated by the transfer of infected dsh cytoplasm into dsr embryos by microinjection. the superinfected flies were unidirectionally incompatible with both dsr and dsh individual ... | 1995 | 8587875 |
| [the role of the aedes aegypti vector in the epidemiology of dengue in mexico]. | the role of aedes aegypti (lineo) in the epidemiology of dengue fever in mexico is herein discussed based on the vectorial capacity model. comments on the advantages and disadvantages of each model component at the time of field determinations are also presented. emphasis is made on the impact of sampling and method bias on the results of vectorial capacity studies. the paper also addresses the need to increase vector biology knowledge as an input for epidemiological work to explain and predict ... | 1995 | 8599147 |
| [vectors of dengue in mexico: a critical review)]. | the mosquito aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (linneaus, 1762) is the vector of dengue viruses in america. recently, another related species, aedes albopictus (skuse, 1894) was first introduced to america in 1986 in texas, usa and later on in sao paulo, brazil. since then, this mosquito has rapidly colonized new areas along the northern border states of mexico. the importance of this species as a vector of dengue virus is not clear. this work presents a revision of some characteristics of the two speci ... | 1995 | 8599149 |
| stable expression of insect gaba receptors in insect cell lines. promoters for efficient expression of drosophila and mosquito rdl gaba receptors in stably transformed mosquito cell lines. | we are interested in establishing stably transformed insect cell lines efficiently expressing the insect gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) receptor subunit gene resistance to dieldrin or rdl. in order to facilitate this we utilized a system based on stable transformation of aedes albopictus mosquito cell lines using the dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) gene as a selected marker. here we report the production of stable mosquito cell lines carrying high copy numbers of rdl genes from both drosophila an ... | 1996 | 8601436 |
| enhanced infectivity of modified bluetongue virus particles for two insect cell lines and for two culicoides vector species. | previous studies (mertens et al., virology 157, 375-386, 1987) have shown that removal of the outer capsid layer from bluetongue virus (btv) significantly reduces (approximately x 10(-4)) the infectivity of the resultant core particle for mammalian cells (bhk 21 cells). in contrast, the studies reported here, using a cell line (kc cells) derived from a species of culicoides that can act as a vector for btv (culicoides variipennis), demonstrated a much higher infectivity of core particles than th ... | 1996 | 8610450 |
| molecularly engineered resistance to california serogroup virus replication in mosquito cells and mosquitoes. | introduction of genetic elements derived from a viral pathogen's genome may be used to reduce the vectorial capacity of mosquitoes for that virus. a double subgenomic sindbis virus expression system was utilized to transcribe sequences of lacrosse (lac) virus small (s) or medium (m) segment rna in sense or antisense orientation; wild-type sindbis and lacrosse viruses have single-stranded rna genomes, the former being positive sense and the latter being negative sense. recombinant viruses were ge ... | 1996 | 8633038 |
| pathogen-derived resistance to dengue type 2 virus in mosquito cells by expression of the premembrane coding region of the viral genome. | the full-length premembrane (prm) coding region of the dengue virus type 2 (den-2; jamaica) genome was expressed in c6/36 (aedes albopictus) cells in either the sense or the antisense orientation from a double subgenomic sindbis (dssin) virus. northern (rna) blot analysis confirmed the expression of sense or antisense den-2 prm rna in infected c6/36 cells. prm protein was demonstrated in cells infected with dssin virus expressing den-2 sense rnas by an immunofluorescence assay. c6/36 cells were ... | 1996 | 8642634 |
| the e1 protein is mandatory for pore formation by semliki forest virus spikes. | insect cells (aedes albopictus, clone c6/36) were infected with various variants of semliki forest virus including the wild type using the sfv replicon system. the variants included deletion mutants lacking one of the structural proteins and a mutant with a point mutation in p62 (sql). the latter mutation results in a failure to process p62 to e2 and e3. after infection of the cells with different variant viruses and subsequent expression of viral proteins in the host cell plasma membrane low ph ... | 1996 | 8659114 |
| distention and sugar feeding induce autogenous egg development by the asian tiger mosquito (diptera:culicidae). | mechanisms initiating autogenous egg development were studied using a selected strain of asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus (skuse), that required a sugar meal to develop eggs autogenously. caloric intake and the abdominal distention produced by ingesting sucrose solutions were interrelated in their effects on autogeny. distention of the abdomen with 2 microliters of saline, with no caloric intake, induced autogenous egg maturation in 66% of the females. abdominal distention produced by 2 mi ... | 1996 | 8667383 |
| experimental evidence against replication or dissemination of hepatitis c virus in mosquitoes (diptera:culicidae) using detection by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. | in 3 laboratory experiments, mosquitoes were fed hepatitis c virus (hcv)-rna positive blood by using membrane feeders, separated into head, thorax, and abdomen, and tested by a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for hcv-rna. hcv did not replicate or disseminate in mosquitoes that had ingested blood from patients that were hcv-viremic positive. when yellow fever mosquitoes, aedes aegypti (l.), were held for 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 d after feeding, hcv-rna was detected in the abdomens of ... | 1996 | 8667387 |
| short report: lack of virus replication in arthropods after intrathoracic inoculation of ebola reston virus. | to evaluate the potential for arthropods to serve as reservoir hosts of ebola virus, three mosquito species, aedes albopictus, aedes taeniorhynchus, and culex pipiens, and a soft tick, ornithodoros sonrai, were inoculated with 1o2.5 plaque-forming units of ebola reston virus. after incubation at 22 degrees c for 11 days, at least six specimens of each species were triturated and examined for evidence of viral replication by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and plaque assay. there was no evidenc ... | 1996 | 8702028 |
| isolations of potosi virus from mosquitoes collected in the united states, 1989-94. | potosi (pot) virus, a recently characterized bunyamwera serogroup virus, was discovered when it was isolated from aedes albopictus collected at a waste-tire site in potosi, washington county, missouri, during 1989. during the following year, pot virus was not isolated from 39,048 mosquitoes, including 17,519 ae. albopictus, collected in washington county. in 1991, mosquito collections from south carolina, ohio, and michigan yielded 8 strains of pot virus: 6 from coquillettidia perturbans and one ... | 1996 | 8723251 |
| human host avidity in aedes albopictus: influence of mosquito body size, age, parity, and time of day. | diel patterns of human host attack by aedes albopictus in the laboratory were studied in relation to mosquito body size, age, parity, and time of day. analysis of responses in 10-, 15-, and 20-day-old females indicated a significant main effect due to time of observation in the diel period, as well as significant time x parity and time x age interactions. the distribution of mean host attack responses during the diel period was bimodal with approximately 70% of all activity during photophase (08 ... | 1996 | 8723259 |
| attraction of aedes albopictus adults in sod infusion. | aedes albopictus adults were recovered from sod-baited gravid traps at 7 sites in 5 counties of southern and southwestern illinois in areas ranging from suburban to rural. the attraction of this species to a lure usually associated with members of the culex pipiens complex was investigated under laboratory and field conditions. olfactometer and oviposition preference tests in the laboratory showed that ae. albopictus is attracted to sod infusion and females readily oviposit on substrates in cont ... | 1996 | 8723268 |
| biological control of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) larvae in trap tyres by mesocyclops longisetus (copepoda: cyclopidae) in two field trials. | 2003 | 8736084 | |
| developmental synchrony of ascogregarina taiwanensis (apicomplexa: lecudinidae) within aedes albopictus (diptera: cuclicidae). | development of ascogregarina taiwanensis lien & levine was synchronized with its host, the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus (skuse). trophozoites of the parasite migrate to the malpighian tubules where the gamonts fuse to form gametocysts and later mature oocysts. in this study, we observed that water temperature, which alters the development time of mosquito larvae, also affected parasite development. a. taiwanensis developed in a shorter time at 29 degrees c, whereas at 14 degrees c, the ... | 1996 | 8742523 |
| the role of aedes albopictus as an arbovirus vector. | the recent rapid spread of aedes albopictus to many areas previously free of such infestations, including albania and italy, has heightened concern among public health and vector control officials. ae. albopictus is a proven or potential vector of several arboviruses, including some that are, or have been, actively transmitted in southern europe. these virus/vector relationships are reviewed with a view toward assessing the risk posed by the current presence of ae. albopictus in the region. | 1995 | 8778651 |
| aedes albopictus: a potential problem in france. | aedes albopictus, a mosquito of asian origin, has been rapidly spreading in all the continents since a decade: it is now established in north and south america, africa, oceania and even in europe where it was detected in albania, 1979 and in italy, 1990. the international shipping trade of used tires provides to ae. albopictus an ideal mechanism of dissemination, and everywhere the tire stocks constitute an extremely productive ecological niche. now, this mosquito is present in several localitie ... | 1995 | 8778652 |
| aedes albopictus: a potential problem in the united kingdom. | the united kingdom is within the geographical area in which aedes albopictus could survive. a large number of used car tyres are imported and a number of introduced cases of dengue fever occur annually. the health authorities should be aware of the possibility of dengue transmission. | 1995 | 8778653 |
| control of aedes albopictus from the perspective of north america. | aedes albopictus is a serious nuisance species and a potential vector of domestic arboviruses in the u.s. public health and mosquito control agencies have taken numerous actions to address the problems posed by this species. federally mandated programs of disinsection and inspection of tire casings imported into the u.s. are aimed at preventing additional introductions of this and other exotic mosquito species. control programs, including the use of traditional chemical larvicides and adulticide ... | 1995 | 8778654 |
| a north american model to contain the spread of aedes albopictus through tire legislation. | the introduction, spread, and establishment of the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, in the united states has been facilitated by used or waste tires. this species has not only caused considerable concern among public health officials but also highlighted that the growing accumulations of used tires are a serious solid waste problem and a challenge to the recycling industry. this paper illustrates how the state of illinois addressed the public health and solid waste problems associated wit ... | 1995 | 8778655 |
| development of dirofilaria and setaria nematodes in aedes albopictus. | the development of dirofilaria repens, d immitis and setaria labiatopapillosa up to l3 stage was documented in a laboratory colony of aedes albopictus originating from specimens collected in civitavecchia (central italy). the susceptibility of ae albopictus and its plastic trophic habits, strongly suggest that this mosquito may contribute to the spreading of these nematodes in the country. it is particularly emphasized the danger for human health of an increased probability of transmission of di ... | 1995 | 8778656 |
| workshop on the geographic spread of aedes albopictus in europe and the concern among public health authorities. proceedings of a workshop held at the istituto superiore di sanità, rome, italy, 19-20 december 1994. | 1995 | 8778669 | |
| global distribution and continuing spread of aedes albopictus. | aedes albopictus ranks second only to ae. aegypti in importance to man as a vector of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever (dhf) which viruses place at risk a potential population of 2 billion people living in tropical and sub-tropical regions. due to its predilection for breeding in a plethora of habitat within urban and suburban environs as well as peri-rural areas it is spreading rapidly where suitable breeding is available. it exhibits strain differences ranging from the cold-hardy to tropic ... | 1995 | 8778670 |
| history and updating on the spread of aedes albopictus in italy. | the present distribution in italy of aedes albopictus, the asian mosquito recently introduced, is described. until now this mosquito species has been established in 8 regions of our country: liguria, veneto, lazio, lombardia, emilia-romagna, toscana, piemonte and recently sardegna. the established populations have been able to overcome the winter season. these populations, certainly imported from temperate areas, have reconfirmed the great adaptation of the species, reaching the high latitude of ... | 1995 | 8778671 |
| cell cycle parameters in aedes albopictus mosquito cells. | we have analyzed cell cycle parameters for the aedes albopictus c7-10 mosquito cell line, which has been systematically developed for somatic cell genetics, expression of transfected genes, and synthesis of hormone-inducible proteins. in rapidly cycling cells, we measured a generation time of 10-12 h. the duration of mitosis (m) was < or = 1 h, and the dna synthesis phase (s) required 6 h. unlike drosophila melanogaster kc cells, in which the g2 gap is substantially longer than g1, in c7-10 cell ... | 1996 | 8792161 |
| survey of container-inhabiting mosquitoes in clemson, south carolina, with emphasis on aedes albopictus. | a total of 530 oviposition trap samples were collected within a 10-km radius of clemson university between march 30 and october 19, 1993. from 19,664 larvae reared from collected eggs, 7 species were identified: aedes albopictus (89%), ae. triseriatus (6.5%), culex restuans (2.7%), cx. territans (0.6%), cx. pipiens complex (0.7%), toxorhynchites rutilus septentrionalis (0.2%), and orthopodomyia signifera (0.1%). this is the first record of ae. albopictus in clemson. aedes aegypti was not found. ... | 1995 | 8825496 |