Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| modification of host erythrocyte membranes by trypsin and chymotrypsin treatments and effects on the in vitro growth of bovine and equine babesia parasites. | in the present study, we investigated the effects of protease pretreatments of host erythrocytes (rbc) on the in vitro growth of bovine babesia parasites (babesia bovis and b. bigemina) and equine babesia parasites (b. equi and b. caballi). the selected proteases, trypsin and chymotrypsin, clearly modified several membrane proteins of both bovine and equine rbc, as demonstrated by sds-page analysis; however, the protease treatments also modified the sialic acid content exclusively in bovine rbc, ... | 2007 | 17436968 |
| babesia bovis: the development of an expression oligonucleotide microarray. | the availability of a stage-specific babesia bovis expression profile can facilitate the identification of candidate vaccine antigens. in addition, highly expressed genes during a particular developmental stage may suggest their relevance during that stage. in this study, we generated and validated a custom b. bovis high density oligonucleotide microarray that can be used to examine gene expression levels. an expression profile of in vitro cultured intraerythrocytic stage genes that could be dis ... | 2007 | 17442309 |
| label-free detection of babesia bovis infected red blood cells using impedance spectroscopy on a microfabricated flow cytometer. | impedance spectroscopy is a powerful tool for label-free analysis and characterisation of living cells. in this work, we achieved the detection of babesia bovis infected red blood cells using impedance spectroscopy on a microfabricated flow cytometer. the cellular modifications caused by the intracellular parasite result in a shift in impedance which can be measured dielectrically. thus, a rapid cell-by-cell detection with microliter amounts of reagents is possible. unlike other diagnostic tests ... | 2007 | 17451631 |
| comparison of duplex pcr and microscopic techniques for the identification of babesia bigemina and babesia bovis in engorged female ticks of boophilus microplus. | a single-step duplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique and traditional microscopic examination of haemolymph smears were used to detect babesia bigemina and/or babesia bovis infection in engorged female ticks of boophilus microplus recovered from calves raised in an endemic area of the state of minas gerais, brazil. in the pcr amplification of tick-derived dna, pairs of oligonucleotide primers specific for a 278-bp sequence from b. bigemina and for a 350-bp sequence from b. bovis were us ... | 2007 | 17456146 |
| a quantitative pcr assay for the detection and quantification of babesia bovis and b. bigemina. | the haemoparasites babesia bovis and babesia bigemina affect cattle over vast areas of the tropics and temperate parts of the world. microscopic examination of blood smears allows the detection of clinical cases of babesiosis, but this procedure lacks sensitivity when parasitaemia levels are low. in addition, differentiating between similar haemoparasites can be very difficult. molecular diagnostic procedures can, however, overcome these problems. this paper reports a quantitative pcr (qpcr) ass ... | 2007 | 17466458 |
| detection and quantification of anaplasma marginale dna in blood samples of cattle by real-time pcr. | a taqman-based real-time pcr assay was developed for the diagnosis of anaplasma marginale infection of cattle. the established assay was proven to be highly specific, since no cross-reactions were observed with other anaplasma species of ruminants, including the closely related anaplasma centrale, or other haemoparasites of ruminants (anaplasma bovis, anaplasma ovis, anaplasma phagocytophilum, babesia bovis, babesia bigemina, theileria annulata and theileria buffeli). the detection limit was equ ... | 2007 | 17466470 |
| epidemiological studies on tick-borne diseases of cattle in central equatoria state, southern sudan. | a herd-based study was carried out in central equatoria state, southern sudan, to study epidemiological aspects of tick-borne diseases. six herds of cattle situated in three different locations were selected and investigated every 3 months during the year 2005. blood smears for giemsa staining and blood spots on filter paper for deoxyribonucleic acid extraction were collected from 600 apparently healthy indigenous cattle. a total of 69 (11.5%) samples showed the presence of piroplasms in giemsa- ... | 2007 | 17530477 |
| babesia bovis: effects of cysteine protease inhibitors on in vitro growth. | in the present study, we examined the effects of four kinds of cysteine protease inhibitors (e64, e64d, leupeptin, and alln) on the in vitro asexual growth of babesia bovis. of these, only the lipophilic inhibitors, e64d and alln, were found to effectively inhibit the growth of b. bovis. in further experiments, e64d, but not alln, significantly suppressed the parasite's invasion of host erythrocytes, while both chemicals, especially alln, inhibited the parasite's replication within the infected ... | 2007 | 17543303 |
| development of two immunochromatographic tests for the serodiagnosis of bovine babesiosis. | in this study, we developed two immunochromatographic tests (icts), which are nitrocellulose membrane-based immunoassays for the convenient and rapid serodiagnosis of bovine babesiosis caused by babesia bovis (boict) and babesia bigemina (biict). the efficacy of two icts was evaluated using 13 positive sera from experimentally infected cattle with b. bovis or b. bigemina. clear results showed that the boict and elisa detected antibodies in sera collected from 14 to 93 days post-infection, while ... | 2007 | 17590275 |
| cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors block erythrocyte invasion and intraerythrocytic development of babesia bovis in vitro. | summarycyclin-dependent kinases (cdks) are essential for the regulation of the eukaryotic cell cycle. a number of chemicals, which selectively inhibit the cdk activities, have been synthesized for the development of anti-cancer drugs. this report describes the inhibitory effect of purine derivatives known to be cdk inhibitors on the asexual growth of babesia bovis. the 4 compounds, roscovitine, purvalanol a, cgp74514a, and cdk2 inhibitor ii, showed significantly suppressive effects on the in vit ... | 2007 | 17634158 |
| new insights into the altered adhesive and mechanical properties of red blood cells parasitized by babesia bovis. | sequestration of parasite-infected red blood cells (rbcs) in the microvasculature is an important pathological feature of both bovine babesiosis caused by babesia bovis and human malaria caused by plasmodium falciparum. surprisingly, when compared with malaria, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie this abnormal circulatory behaviour for rbcs infected with b. bovis have been relatively ignored. here, we present some novel insights into the adhesive and mechanical changes that occur ... | 2007 | 17640278 |
| attenuated vaccines for tropical theileriosis, babesiosis and heartwater: the continuing necessity. | overwhelming evidence has accumulated of the effectiveness of immunization with live attenuated vaccines to control tick-borne diseases of livestock. despite several disadvantages, vaccination with live attenuated organisms against tropical theileriosis, babesiosis and possibly heartwater constitutes one of the most cost-effective intervention strategies. although great advances have been made through genomics and proteomics research, this has not yet translated into effective non-living vaccine ... | 2007 | 17656155 |
| persistently infected calves as reservoirs for acquisition and transovarial transmission of babesia bovis by rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | babesia bovis is a deadly disease of cattle resulting in severe economic losses in the vast regions of the world where it is endemic. if reintroduced into the united states, babesiosis would cause significant mortality in the naïve cattle population. in order to address the risk to u.s. cattle, it is essential to quantify the transovarial transmission efficiency in adult female boophilus microplus ticks following acquisition feeding on persistently infected cattle. this study tested the hypothes ... | 2007 | 17687016 |
| search for babesia bovis vaccine candidates. | babesia bovis is a tick-borne apicomplexan pathogen that remains an important constrain for the development of cattle industries worldwide. effective control can be achieved by vaccination with live attenuated forms of the parasite, but they have several drawbacks and thus the development of alternative subunit vaccines, either based in recombinant versions of full size proteins or in recombinant or synthetic peptides containing combinations of protective b-cell and t-cell epitopes is needed. ou ... | 2007 | 17691600 |
| advances in the development of molecular tools for the control of bovine babesiosis in mexico. | the severe negative impact that bovine babesiosis has in the mexican cattle industry has not been ameliorated basically due to the lack of safe and effective commercially available vaccines and sensitive and reliable diagnostic tests. in recent years, the bovine babesiosis laboratory at the national center for disciplinary research in veterinary parasitology-inifap in morelos state, mexico has been directing efforts towards three main research areas: (1) the development of in vitro culture-deriv ... | 2007 | 17691602 |
| identification, characterization and manipulation of babesia-bovis-infected red blood cells using microfluidics technology. | nowadays numerous microfluidic systems are being developed to address a variety of clinical problems. latest advances in microfluidic technology are promising to revolutionize the detection of pathogens in vivo through the development of integrated lab-on-chip devices. such microfabricated systems will undertake all steps in sample analysis from collection and preparation to molecular detection. micro total analysis systems are suitable candidates for point of care diagnostics due to small size, ... | 2007 | 17691607 |
| taking advantage of the polymorphism of the msa-2 family for babesia bovis strain characterization. | the merozoite surface antigen-2 (msa-2) family of babesia bovis is a group of variable genes which share conserved 5' and 3' conserved ends. these genes encode membrane anchored glycoproteins, named msa-2a1, a2, b and c, which are immunodominant antigens located on the surface of sporozoites and merozoites. in this work, we have analyzed the sequences of the msa-2a1, a2 and 2b genes in two geographically distant strains from mexico and argentina and detected a certain degree of genotypic diversi ... | 2007 | 17691609 |
| optimization of babesia bovis transfection methods. | the tick borne babesia parasites remain an important limitation for development of cattle industries worldwide. a stable transfection of babesia bovis will be useful for functional analysis of the recently sequenced b. bovis genome and to design improved methods to control babesia infections. in this study, we describe a novel system for nucleofection of b. bovis infected erythrocytes and we optimize methods to introduce plasmids encoding the luciferase reporter gene into babesia infected erythr ... | 2007 | 17691610 |
| immunologic and molecular identification of babesia bovis and babesia bigemina in free-ranging white-tailed deer in northern mexico. | the suitability of white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) as hosts for the cattle ticks rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus and rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus, has been well documented. these ticks have a wide host range, and both transmit babesia bovis and babesia bigemina, the agents responsible for bovine babesiosis. although this disease and its vectors have been eradicated from the united states and some states in northern mexico, it still is a problem in other mexican states. it i ... | 2007 | 17699089 |
| a shared antigen among babesia species: ribosomal phosphoprotein p0 as a universal babesial vaccine candidate. | babesia gibsoni ribosomal phosphoprotein p0 (bgp0) was previously identified as a cross-protective antigen against babesia microti infection in mice. interestingly, the same protein showed considerable antigenicity when tested with serum samples collected from babesia-infected animals. moreover, the polyclonal antibody raised against the recombinant bgp0 (rbgp0) recognized the p0 homologues from other babesia species either by immunoblotting or by immunoscreening. the p0 genes from babesia cabal ... | 2007 | 17823817 |
| influence of dipping practices on the seroprevalence of babesiosis and anaplasmosis in the foot-and-mouth disease buffer zone adjoining the kruger national park in south africa. | a serological survey of bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis was conducted in the foot-and-mouth disease buffer zone surrounding the kruger national park in south africa between 2001 and 2003 to determine whether the withdrawal of government-subsidized dipping in certain regions had affected the seroprevalence of these tick-borne diseases. seroprevalence of anaplasma marginale and babesia bovis increased during the study period. this increase was greater in limpopo province where farmers had to su ... | 2007 | 17883196 |
| coinfection with antigenically and genetically distinct virulent strains of babesia bovis is maintained through all phases of the parasite life cycle. | antigenic polymorphism is a defining characteristic of the babesia bovis variable merozoite surface antigen (vmsa) family. sequence analysis strongly suggests that recombination between virulent strains contributes to vmsa diversity. while meiosis during the aneuploid stage of the parasite's life cycle in the tick vector rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is the most probable source of interstrain recombination, there is no definitive evidence that coinfection of the mammalian host or r. microp ... | 2007 | 17893136 |
| differential bos taurus cattle response to babesia bovis infection. | bovine babesiosis is a tick-borne disease caused by babesia spp. haemoprotozoans. the disease is of great importance at tick enzootic unstable areas and hampers cattle production in several developing countries. the available immunisation alternatives are pre-immunition and attenuated vaccines. despite being efficient and protective, they are unsafe as they use cattle blood cells as inoculum and may potentially spread other diseases. another alternative to help in babesiosis control would be the ... | 2007 | 17919816 |
| genome sequence of babesia bovis and comparative analysis of apicomplexan hemoprotozoa. | babesia bovis is an apicomplexan tick-transmitted pathogen of cattle imposing a global risk and severe constraints to livestock health and economic development. the complete genome sequence was undertaken to facilitate vaccine antigen discovery, and to allow for comparative analysis with the related apicomplexan hemoprotozoa theileria parva and plasmodium falciparum. at 8.2 mbp, the b. bovis genome is similar in size to that of theileria spp. structural features of the b. bovis and t. parva geno ... | 2007 | 17953480 |
| differential protein expression in ovaries of uninfected and babesia-infected southern cattle ticks, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | we used gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to investigate differences in protein expression in ovarian tissues from babesia bovis-infected and uninfected southern cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. soluble and membrane proteins were extracted from ovaries of adult female ticks, and analyzed by isoelectric focusing (ief) and one-dimensional or two-dimensional (2-d) gel electrophoresis. protein patterns were analyzed for differences in expression between infected and uninfect ... | 2007 | 17967348 |
| development of taqman-based real-time pcr assays for diagnostic detection of babesia bovis and babesia bigemina. | two taqman-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays devised for the detection of two bovine babesia parasites, babesia bovis and b. bigemina, were evaluated for their diagnostic utility using cultured parasites and 92 field bovine blood samples collected from cattle living in brazil. the real-time pcr assays were compared with previously established nested-pcr assays. the detection limits of both b. bovis- and b. bigemina-real-time pcr assays were identical at the value of 2.5 para ... | 2007 | 17984338 |
| involvement of a host erythrocyte sialic acid content in babesia bovis infection. | host sialic acid (sa) has recently been suggested to play an important role in erythrocyte (rbc) infection by babesia spp. the present study attempted to further determine the specific type of sas important in the rbc invasion. bovine rbc was found to bear abundant alpha2-3-linked sa residues but not alpha2-6-linked sa in nature, confirmed by flow cytometric analysis of the neuraminidase (nm)-treated rbcs. lectin-blot analyses revealed the removal of alpha2-3-linked sas from the 97-, 33-, and 31 ... | 2007 | 17984585 |
| development of a multiplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification (mlamp) method for the simultaneous detection of bovine babesia parasites. | a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) technique has been used as a novel nucleic acid detection method, whereby the target dna can be amplified with high specificity and sensitivity under an isothermal condition using a set of four specific primers. in this study, we designed two sets of the lamp primers for rhoptry-associated protein-1 genes of babesia bovis and b. bigemina, in which a restriction enzyme cleavage site was inserted into two pairs of species-specific primers to construc ... | 2007 | 18029039 |
| transient transfection of purified babesia bovis merozoites. | transient transfection of intraerythrocytic babesia bovis parasites has been previously reported. in this study, we describe the development and optimization of methods for transfection of purified b. bovis merozoites using either nucleofection (amaxa) or conventional electroporation (gene pulser ii, biorad). initially, the optimal buffer ("plasmodium 88a6") and program (v-24) for nucleofection of free merozoites with a plasmid containing the luciferase gene as a reporter were determined. using ... | 2008 | 18076879 |
| development of a rapid immunochromatographic test for simultaneous serodiagnosis of bovine babesioses caused by babesia bovis and babesia bigemina. | with the objective of developing a simpler diagnostic alternative, a rapid immunochromatographic test (boiict) was constructed for the simultaneous detection of babesia bovis- and babesia bigemina-specific antibodies using b. bovis recombinant merozoite surface antigen-2c and b. bigemina recombinant rhoptry-associated protein-1. the boiict selectively detected specific antibodies to b. bovis and b. bigemina. all sera from cattle infected with other protozoan parasites (i.e., cryptosporidium parv ... | 2008 | 18187794 |
| continuous separation of cells by balanced dielectrophoretic forces at multiple frequencies. | we present a particle-sorting device based on the opposition of dielectrophoretic forces. the forces are generated by an array of electrode chambers located in both sidewalls of a main flow channel. particles with different dielectric response perceive different force magnitudes and are therefore continuously focused to different streamlines in the flow channel. we relate the particles' dielectric response to their output position in the downstream channel. we demonstrate the performance of the ... | 2008 | 18231667 |
| proteomic profiling of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus midgut responses to infection with babesia bovis. | differences in protein expression in midgut tissue of uninfected and babesia bovis-infected southern cattle ticks, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, were investigated in an effort to establish a proteome database containing proteins involved in successful pathogen transmission. the electrophoretic separation of midgut membrane proteins was greatly improved by using liquid-phase isoelectric focusing combined with one-dimensional or two-dimensional (2-d) gel electrophoresis. a selection of diff ... | 2008 | 18243558 |
| shifts in the distributional ranges of boophilus ticks in tanzania: evidence that a parapatric boundary between boophilus microplus and b. decoloratus follows climate gradients. | based on a national tick survey conducted in tanzania between 1998 and 2001, predictive maps of tick distribution for b. microplus and b. decoloratus were computed and compared with historical maps that originated about 40 years ago. the new data collected showed that except for extremely cold and dry areas b. microplus has extended its distribution range and is now present in all the northern regions of tanzania, and that high suitability is currently recorded for most of the previously non-occ ... | 2008 | 18266058 |
| asexual growth of babesia bovis is inhibited by specific sulfated glycoconjugates. | in the present study, inhibitory effects of several sulfated and nonsulfated glycoconjugates were evaluated on the in vitro asexual growth of babesia bovis. among the selected sulfated glycoconjugates, dextran sulfate, heparin, heparan sulfate, fucoidan, and chondroitin sulfate b strongly inhibited the parasitic growth, and all but chondroitin sulfate b induced a significant accumulation of extracellular merozoites in culture. in contrast, chondroitin sulfate a, keratan sulfate, and protamine su ... | 2007 | 18314699 |
| detection of bovine babesiosis in mozambique by a novel seminested hot-start pcr method. | babesiosis is a tick borne disease (tbd) caused by parasites of the genus babesia, with considerable worldwide economic, medical, and veterinary impact. bovine babesiosis and other tbds were considered responsible for 50% of the deaths of cattle that occurred in mozambique in the first year after importation from neighbouring countries. here, we present the detection of babesia bigemina and babesia bovis in cattle from mozambique using two distinct pcr methods. for this study, blood samples were ... | 2008 | 18329810 |
| babesia divergens: identification and characterization of bdhsp-20, a small heat shock protein. | this study describes the identification and characterization of the babesia divergens alpha-crystallin/small heat shock protein 20 (bdhsp-20). bdhsp-20 was recognized by the dg7 monoclonal antibody (dg7 mab) originally produced by precigout et al. [precigout, e., valentin, a., carcy, b., gorenflot, a., nakamura, k., aikawa, m., schrevel, j. 1993. babesia divergens: characterization of a 17-kda merozoite membrane protein. experimental parasitology 77, 425-434] against b. divergens merozoites. we ... | 2008 | 18346739 |
| a molecular survey of theileria and babesia parasites in cattle, with a note on the distribution of ticks in tunisia. | between october and november 2006, a total of 278 bovine blood samples were examined, and 104 (37.4%) were positive for piroplasms by microscopy. a reverse line blot hybridisation with polymerase chain reaction detected theileria annulata, t. buffeli, babesia bovis and b. bigemina in cattle accounting for 48.6% of positive samples. the most frequently found species was t. buffeli, which was present in 39.2% of the samples. t. annulata was found in 48 samples (17.3%). babesia infections were less ... | 2008 | 18458949 |
| expression of babesia bovis rhoptry-associated protein 1 (rap1) in brucella abortus s19. | brucella abortus strain 19 (live vaccine) induces a strong humoral and cellular immune response and therefore, it is an attractive vector for the delivery of heterologous antigens. the objective of the present study was to express the rhoptry-associated protein (rap1) of babesia bovis in b. abortus s19, as a model for heterologous expression of immunostimulatory antigens from veterinary pathogens. a plasmid for the expression of recombinant proteins fused to the aminoterminal of the outer membra ... | 2008 | 18462974 |
| productivity and health effects of anaplasmosis and babesiosis on bos indicus cattle and their crosses, and the effects of differing intensity of tick control in australia. | tick fever is an important disease of cattle where rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus acts as a vector for the three causal organisms babesia bovis, babesia bigemina and anaplasma marginale. bos indicus cattle and their crosses are more resistant to the clinical effects of infection with b. bovis and b. bigemina than are bos taurus cattle. resistance is not complete, however, and herds of b. indicus-cross cattle are still at risk of babesiosis in environments where exposure to b. bovis is light ... | 2008 | 18472219 |
| dielectrophoretic sorting on a microfabricated flow cytometer: label free separation of babesia bovis infected erythrocytes. | dielectrophoresis is a method that has demonstrated great potential in cell discrimination and isolation. in this study, the dielectrophoretic sorting of normal and babesia bovis infected erythrocytes was performed using a microfabricated flow cytometer. separation was possible through exploitation of the dielectric differences between normal and infected erythrocytes, essentially due to the higher ionic membrane permeability of b. bovis infected cells. sorting experiments were performed inside ... | 2008 | 18511353 |
| bovine nk cells acquire cytotoxic activity and produce ifn-gamma after stimulation by mycobacterium bovis bcg- or babesia bovis-exposed splenic dendritic cells. | early interactions of innate immune cell populations, such as dendritic cells (dc) and natural killer (nk) cells, can affect the ability of the acquired immune response to control infection of intracellular microorganisms. in this study, we investigated the activation of bovine nk cells by cd13(+) splenic dc stimulated with either mycobacterium bovis bcg or babesia bovis merozoites. splenic dc were used either immediately after selection (cytokine(-)) or after exposure to gm-csf, il-4 and flt3l ... | 2008 | 18514329 |
| identification of ticks and detection of blood protozoa in friesian cattle by polmerase chain reacton test and estimation of blood parameters in district kasur, pakistan. | the study was carried out to detect theileria annulata, the causative agent of theileriosis, and babesia bovis, the causative agent for babesiosis, in friesian cattle by pcr and conventional blood smear examination. one hundred blood samples obtained from diseased friesian cattle kept on private livestock farms at pattoki, district kasur, pakistan were collected in addition to 20 blood samples obtained from non-diseased animals. the disease manifestations observed clinically included high fever, ... | 2008 | 18575972 |
| identification, expression and characterisation of a babesia bovis hexose transporter. | babesia are tick-transmitted haemoprotozoan parasites that infect cattle, with an estimated 500 million at risk worldwide. here, two predicted hexose transporters (bboht1 and 2) have been identified within the babesia bovis genome. bboht1, having 40% and 47% amino acid sequence similarity compared with the human (glut1) and plasmodium falciparum (pfht) hexose transporters, respectively, is the only one that could be characterised functionally after expression in xenopus laevis oocytes. radiotrac ... | 2008 | 18638508 |
| development and evaluation of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for diagnosis of tropical theileriosis. | a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay was developed and evaluated for diagnosis of tropical theileriosis. a set of six primers was designed based on the unique gene of theileria annulata (theileria annulata strain ankara hypothetical protein (genedb ta04795). the protocol for the reaction was setup and the specificity and sensitivity of the assay were established. the specificity experiment showed that lamp primers amplified t. annulata dna successfully, while no amplification wa ... | 2008 | 18666968 |
| efficiency of a recombinant msa-2c-based elisa to establish the persistence of antibodies in cattle vaccinated with babesia bovis. | bovine babesiosis is caused by babesia bovis and b. bigemina in argentina. these protozoans are prevalent north of parallel 30 degrees s, where their natural vector rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is widespread. to prevent babesiosis outbreaks in endemic areas, an increasing population of 4-10-month-old calves are vaccinated with low virulence b. bovis r1a (bbor1a) and b. bigemina s1a (bbis1a) strains. in non-endemic areas, an additional calf population is also vaccinated and boostered as ad ... | 2008 | 18783887 |
| epidemiology of babesia bovis and babesia bigemina in free-ranging white-tailed deer in northeastern mexico. | rhipicephalus (boophilus) ticks are the vectors of babesiosis (cattle fever tick), which are distributed worldwide. white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) are important secondary hosts for the cattle fever tick species rhipicephalus (b.) annulatus and rhipicephalus (b.) microplus. white-tailed deer are capable of sustaining boophilus tick populations in the presence or absence of cattle. the objectives of this study were to 1) determine the frequency of b. bovis and b. bigemina and the preva ... | 2008 | 18795810 |
| stable expression of a gfp-bsd fusion protein in babesia bovis merozoites. | transfection has been a valuable technique for elucidating gene function in many pathogens. while transient transfection of babesia spp. has been reported previously, stable integration of exogenous genes in babesia has proven difficult. in this study, a plasmid was designed to target integration of a gfp-bsd gene into the babesia bovis ef-1alpha locus. babesia bovis-infected erythrocytes of the biologically cloned mo7 strain were transfected by electroporation with either circular or linear pla ... | 2009 | 18831975 |
| babesia bovis: effect of albumax ii and orotic acid in a low-serum in vitro culture. | bovine serum is an essential factor for the continuous in vitro growth of babesia bovis parasites. culture media typically contain 40% (v/v) of bovine serum. in the present study assays with low-serum media were performed. the growth of b. bovis mo7 was successively lower in media with 30%, 20% and, principally, with 10% of serum. without serum, the parasites were not able to propagate. in media with 10% of serum, the supplementation with albumax ii improved visibly the growth of b. bovis at the ... | 2009 | 19105956 |
| phylogenetic analysis of mexican babesia bovis isolates using msa and ssrrna gene sequences. | variable merozoite surface antigens of babesia bovis are exposed glycoproteins having a role in erythrocyte invasion. members of this gene family include msa-1 and msa-2 (msa-2c, msa-2a(1), msa-2a(2), and msa-2b). small subunit ribosomal (ssr)rna gene is subject to evolutive pressure and has been used in phylogenetic studies. to determine the phylogenetic relationship among b. bovis mexican isolates using different genetic markers, pcr amplicons, corresponding to msa-1, msa-2c, msa-2b, and ssrrn ... | 2008 | 19120189 |
| enhancement of the mexican bovine babesiosis vaccine efficacy by using lactobacillus casei. | to evaluate the effect of lactobacillus casei on the effectiveness of the mexican bovine babesiosis mixed vaccine, 20 bovines were randomly allocated into four groups of five animals (i, ii, iii, and iv). at day -2 animals in groups i and ii were inoculated with saline solution by intramuscular route (i.m.) and animals in groups iii and iv were inoculated with l. casei. at day 0 bovines in groups i and iii were inoculated i.m. with bovine normal erythrocytes and animals of groups ii and iv were ... | 2008 | 19120190 |
| molecular characterization of babesia bovis strains using pcr restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the msa2-a/b genes. | the merozoite surface antigen-2 (msa-2) family of babesia bovis is a group of variable genes that share conserved 5' and 3' ends and encode for membrane-anchored glycoproteins that have been postulated as vaccine candidates. in this work, we analyzed the sequences of three of these genes (msa-2a1, a2, and 2b) from two geographically distant strains and detected a certain degree of genotypic diversity that could be exploited to work out new molecular tools for the discrimination of b. bovis field ... | 2008 | 19120193 |
| msa-1 and msa-2c gene analysis and common epitopes assessment in mexican babesia bovis isolates. | babesia bovis msa-1 and msa-2c genes belong to the variable merozoite surface antigen gene family. these genes code for antigenic proteins present on the merozoite surface (msa) and are involved in the parasite invasion to the bovine erythrocyte. previous studies carried out on msa-1 have evidenced antigen allelic variation in b. bovis isolates from similar endemic regions, as well as in isolates from different geographic regions of the world (argentina, australia, israel). studies conducted on ... | 2008 | 19120194 |
| water buffalos as carriers of babesia bovis in argentina. | the tick-transmitted hemoprotozoan babesia bovis is a major causative agent of bovine babesiosis, an often fatal disease of cattle. the disease is widespread in the northeastern region of argentina, where an increasing part of the livestock is composed of water buffalos. although clinical cases of buffalo babesiosis have not been reported so far, the pathogen-transmitting tick vector has been occasionally observed by us to be feeding on water buffalos. we therefore set out to examine whether buf ... | 2008 | 19120195 |
| vaccination of cattle against b. bovis infection with live attenuated parasites and non-viable immunogens. | susceptible dairy cattle were immunized with attenuated, live calf-derived, in vitro-cultured or biologically cloned babesia bovis, with non-viable exoantigens, or with recombinant rhoptry-associated protein 1 (rrap1). antibody response assessed by the indirect fluorescent assay (ifa) and by the growth inhibition activity in vitro showed that seroconversion correlated with neutralization activity in vitro in all immunized groups, but not with protective immunity in vivo. the protective responses ... | 2008 | 19178890 |
| a new set of molecular markers for the genotyping of babesia bovis isolates. | babesia bovis is a tick-borne apicomplexan pathogen that remains an important constraint for the development of cattle industries worldwide. the existence of different strains and subpopulations has long been described in this hemoparasite. however, few molecular markers have been reported for strain genotyping and characterization. minisatellite sequences show high levels of variation and therefore provide excellent tools for both the genotyping and population genetic analysis. in this work we ... | 2009 | 19251367 |
| evaluation of babesia bigemina 200 kda recombinant antigen in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | a truncated fragment of the gene encoding the 200-kda protein (p200) of babesia bigemina was cloned into a plasmid vector, pgex-4 t-1 and expressed in escherichia coli as a glutathione-s-transferase fused protein. an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using the rp200/ct detected specific antibodies in cattle experimentally infected with b. bigemina. furthermore, the antigen did not cross-react with antibodies to babesia bovis, a closely related babesia parasite indicating that rp ... | 2009 | 19294421 |
| seroprevalence estimation and management factors associated with high herd seropositivity for babesia bovis in commercial dairy farms of puerto rico. | a cross-sectional study was conducted to determine individual cow seroprevalence of babesia bovis in adult lactating dairy cattle of puerto rico (pr), to assess the associations of farm management factors on herd seroprevalence, and to document the species of ticks infesting cattle within these farms. antibody activity against b. bovis was determined using an indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat). serum samples were obtained from 2,414 adult lactating dairy cattle from 76 randomly selected c ... | 2009 | 19343529 |
| a 29-kda merozoite protein is a prospective antigen for serological diagnosis of babesia orientalis infection in buffaloes. | a gene encoding a 29-kda protein of babesia orientalis (bop29) was isolated by immunoscreening the b. orientalis cdna expression library using monoclonal antibodies and its nucleotide sequence of the cdna was 971bp with an open reading frame of 750bp. the results of blastn and blastx in ncbi showed that this cdna sequence had similarity with babesia bovis hypothetical protein (bbov_ii005480). western blotting showed that the recombinant protein (rbop29) had positive seroreactivity to b. oriental ... | 2009 | 19345505 |
| development of fluorogenic probe-based pcr assays for the detection and quantification of bovine piroplasmids. | this paper reports two new quantitative pcr (qpcr) assays, developed in an attempt to improve the detection of bovine piroplasmids. the first of these techniques is a duplex taqman assay for the simultaneous diagnosis of babesia bovis and b. bigemina. this technique is ideal for use in south america where bovids harbour no theilerids. the second technique, which is suitable for the diagnosis of both babesiosis and theileriosis worldwide, involves fluorescence resonance energy transfer (fret) pro ... | 2009 | 19376655 |
| viability assays of intra-erythrocytic organisms using fluorescent dyes. | three intra-erythrocytic tick fever organisms of cattle (babesia bovis, babesia bigemina and anaplasma centrale) were subjected to a range of stressors, including heat, storage over time, specific chemotherapy and cryopreservation. various stains, both alone and in combination, were used in an attempt to assess viability of these organisms before and after the stressors were applied. carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (cfse) stained live babesia spp. very well while fluorescein diac ... | 2009 | 19380205 |
| ticks and tick-borne pathogens from wildlife in the free state province, south africa. | eight ixodid tick species, associated with 59 free-ranging mammals belonging to 10 species, were collected at five different localities in the free state province, south africa. four of the study areas were nature reserves (willem pretorius, sandveld, tussen-die-riviere, and soetdoring), and one site was a private farm located in senekal district. the collection was performed from march 2006 until june 2006. ticks (n=569) and tissues from animals (n=52) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction ... | 2009 | 19395753 |
| first report of trypanosoma vivax infection in dairy cattle from costa rica. | an outbreak of haemoparasitoses occurred from october 2007 to july 2008 in cattle from the district of rio cuarto, province of alajuela, costa rica. fifty animals of various ages out of 450 brown swiss were affected. the animals presented fever, severe anemia, jaundice, abortion or premature birth, loss of appetite, decrease milk production and accentuated weight loss in a short period of time. haemoparasites were observed in the blood smears: anaplasma marginale was present in 17 animals (60.7% ... | 2009 | 19414224 |
| detection of tick blood parasites in egypt using pcr assay i--babesia bovis and babesia bigemina. | babesia bovis and babesia bigemina are distributed all over the world; the etiologic agents of the animal babesiosis are considered the most important tick-borne disease. the present research work was the first attempt to determine the prevalence of b. bovis and b. bigemina infection in ticks, in egypt, by using polymerase chain reaction (pcr). questing 5,243 hard and soft ticks were collected from different localities throughout the giza governorate. furthermore, dna from 500 different individu ... | 2009 | 19415329 |
| universal primers suitable to assess population dynamics reveal apparent mutually exclusive transcription of the babesia bovis ves1alpha gene. | babesia bovis is an intraerythrocytic hemoparasite of widespread distribution, which adversely affects livestock production in many regions of the world. this parasite establishes persistent infections of long duration, at least in part through rapid antigenic variation of the vesa1 protein on the infected-erythrocyte surface. to understand the dynamics of in vivo antigenic variation among the parasite population it is necessary to have sensitive and broadly applicable tools enabling monitoring ... | 2009 | 19428672 |
| babesia bovis: transcriptional analysis of rrna gene unit expression. | the complex life cycle of babesia bovis includes erythrocytic stages in the bovine host and other stages occurring inside its common tick vector rhipicephalus microplus. in related apicomplexa, changing environmental conditions affect the expression of ribosomal rna, but it remained unknown whether the polymorphic a, b, and c rrna coding units of b. bovis are differentially expressed. northern blot analysis confirmed that polymorphic regions in the b. bovis 18s and its-2 rrna coding units are tr ... | 2009 | 19508867 |
| in silico analysis of the cyclophilin repertoire of apicomplexan parasites. | abstract: | 2009 | 19555495 |
| comparison of effects of green tea catechins on apicomplexan hexose transporters and mammalian orthologues. | here we have investigated the inhibitory properties of green tea catechins on the plasmodium falciparum hexose transporter (pfht), the babesia bovis hexose transporter 1 (bboht1) and the mammalian facilitative glucose transporters, glut1 and glut5, expressed in xenopus laevis oocytes. (-)-epicatechin-gallate (ecg) and (-)-epigallocatechin-gallate (egcg) inhibited d-glucose transport by glut1 and pfht, and d-fructose transport by glut5, with apparent k(i) values between 45 and 117 microm. bboht1 ... | 2009 | 19577593 |
| epizootiology of babesia bovis and babesia bigemina in free-ranging white-tailed deer in northeastern mexico. | species of rhipicephalus (boophilus) ticks are the vectors of babesiosis (cattle fever tick), which are distributed worldwide. white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) are important secondary hosts for the cattle fever ticks, rhipicephalus (b.) annulatus and rhipicephalus (b.) microplus. white-tailed deer are capable of sustaining boophilus spp. tick populations in the presence or absence of cattle. the objectives of this study were to determine the frequency of babesia bovis and babesia bigem ... | 2009 | 19642800 |
| babesia bovis: a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of plastid-encoded genes supports green algal origin of apicoplasts. | apicomplexan parasites commonly contain a unique, non-photosynthetic plastid-like organelle termed the apicoplast. previous analyses of other plastid-containing organisms suggest that apicoplasts were derived from a red algal ancestor. in this report, we present an extensive phylogenetic study of apicoplast origins using multiple previously reported apicoplast sequences as well as several sequences recently reported. phylogenetic analysis of amino acid sequences was used to determine the evoluti ... | 2009 | 19646439 |
| cloning and characterization of peroxiredoxin in babesia bovis. | we have identified the 2-cys peroxiredoxin (prx) from a bovine babesia parasite, b. bovis. prx is a recently described family of antioxidant enzymes that are highly conserved in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. b. bovis 2-cys prx (bbtpx-1) contained two conserved cysteine residues that corresponded to cys47 and cys170 of the yeast prx and the amino acid sequences of two catalytic domains showed significant similarities to those of mammalian typical 2-cys prx. the antioxidant activity of the recombina ... | 2009 | 19680690 |
| first survey for babesia bovis and babesia bigemina infection in cattle from central and southern regions of portugal using serological and dna detection methods. | incidence of bovine babesiosis in portugal is currently unknown. in this study, a first survey of babesia bovis and babesia bigemina infection in cattle was carried out using blood samples from 406 clinically healthy individuals from different districts from central and southern regions of portugal and analyzed by indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ielisa) and nested polymerase chain reaction (npcr). overall, serological testing revealed that 79% and 52% of cattle were positive for b. b ... | 2009 | 19699587 |
| seroprevalence of tick-borne diseases in communal cattle reared on sweet and sour rangelands in a semi-arid area of south africa. | a survey was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of tick-borne diseases (tbd) in nguni and non-descript cattle on the sweet and sour communal rangelands across seasons. body condition scores, bodyweights, packed cell volume (pcv) and antibodies to b. bovis, b. bigemina, ehrlichiaruminatium and anaplasma marginale were determined seasonally in 144 cattle raised on communal rangelands from august 2007 to april 2008. approximately 45% of the cattle were seropositive for b. bovis, 46% for b. b ... | 2010 | 19733490 |
| transfection systems for babesia bovis: a review of methods for the transient and stable expression of exogenous genes. | with the recently sequenced babesia bovis genome, a large pool of genes with unknown function was identified. the ability to complement and knock-out both unknown and previously identified genes would be a valuable tool to better understand gene function in b. bovis parasites. this review describes recent advances in the development of transient and stable transfection systems for b. bovis. transient transfection constructs were initially generated using the promoter and the 3' region of the rap ... | 2010 | 19819628 |
| babesia bovis contains an abundant parasite-specific protein-free glycerophosphatidylinositol and the genes predicted for its assembly. | autonomous glycosylphosphatidylinositol (gpi) molecules (also protein-free gpis or free gpis) have been reported to be particularly abundant in some parasitic protozoa and mediate strong immunomodulatory effects on the host immune system. in the work at hand we have investigated the existence of free gpis in babesia bovis. comparative thin layer chromatographic analysis of the protein-free glycolipid fraction of in vitro cultured b. bovis merozoites and erythrocyte membranes demonstrated the pre ... | 2010 | 19833438 |
| development of a tandem repeat-based multilocus typing system distinguishing babesia bovis geographic isolates. | mini- and microsatellite sequences have proven to be excellent tools for the differentiation of strains and populations in several protozoan parasites due to their high variability. in the present work we have searched the genome of the tick-transmitted bovine hemoprotozoon babesia bovis for tandem repeats (trs) that could be useful for a multilocus typing system. hundred and nineteen sequences were shortlisted and tested in five common b. bovis reference isolates originating from distinct geogr ... | 2010 | 19833439 |
| in silico predicted conserved b-cell epitopes in the merozoite surface antigen-2 family of b. bovis are neutralization sensitive. | the merozoite surface antigens msa-2 of babesia bovis constitute a family of polymorphic gpi-anchored glycoproteins located at the parasite cell surface, that contain neutralization-sensitive b-cell epitopes. these are therefore putative vaccine candidates for bovine babesiosis. it was previously shown that (i) the msa-2 antigens of the biologically cloned mo7 strain are encoded by four tandemly organized genes: msa-2a(1), a(2), b and c, and (ii) at least one allele of each of these genes is pre ... | 2010 | 19850413 |
| [construction and immunoscreening of cdna library of babesia orientalis]. | to construct a cdna library for babesia orientalis and screen immunologically positive clones. | 2009 | 19852360 |
| [preliminary application of pcr-based assay for the detection of neospora caninum in bovine aborted fetus]. | to establish a pcr diagnostic method based on nc-5 gene of neospora caninum, for being used to detect neospora in brain tissues of bovine aborted fetus. | 2009 | 19856504 |
| review of zoonotic parasites in medical and veterinary fields in the republic of korea. | zoonotic parasites are animal parasites that can infect humans. the major zoonotic protozoa in the republic of korea are babesia bovis, chilomastix mesnili, cryptosporidium parvum, endolimax nana, entamoeba coli, entamoeba hitolytica, giardia lamblia, iodamoeba bütschlii, pneumocystis carinii, sarcocystis cruzi, and toxoplasma gondii. the major zoonotic helminths in korea include trematodes, cestodes, and nematodes. trematodes are clonorchis sinensis, echinostoma hortense, echinostoma spp., fasc ... | 2009 | 19885329 |
| evaluation of the in vitro growth-inhibitory effect of epoxomicin on babesia parasites. | epoxomicin potently and irreversibly inhibits the catalytic activity of proteasomal subunits. treatment of proliferating cells with epoxomicin results in cell death through accumulation of ubiquinated proteins. thus, epoxomicin has been proposed as a potential anti-cancer drug. in the present study, the inhibitory effects of epoxomicin on the in vitro growth of bovine and equine babesia parasites were evaluated. the inhibitory effect of epoxomicin on the in vivo growth of babesia microti was als ... | 2010 | 19896277 |
| lipids from attenuated and virulent babesia bovis strains induce differential tlr2-mediated macrophage activation. | babesia bovis is an intraerythrocytic apicomplexan protozoa of cattle that causes an acute infection with parasite persistence. babesiosis limitation depends on macrophages, essential effector cells of the host innate defense, which generate inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide. herein, we report quantitative differences in the lipid composition of merozoites from two b. bovis strains with polar behaviour: attenuated r1a and virulent s2p. accordingly, we observed a distinct inflammatory respo ... | 2010 | 19910051 |
| silencing of a putative immunophilin gene in the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus increases the infection rate of babesia bovis in larval progeny. | abstract: | 2009 | 19930572 |
| using msa-2b as a molecular marker for genotyping mexican isolates of babesia bovis. | variable merozoite surface antigens of babesia bovis are exposed glycoproteins having a role in erythrocyte invasion. members of this gene family include msa-1 and msa-2 (msa-2c, msa-2a(1), msa-2a(2) and msa-2b). to determine the sequence variation among b. bovis mexican isolates using msa-2b as a genetic marker, pcr amplicons corresponding to msa-2b were cloned and plasmids carrying the corresponding inserts were purified and sequenced. comparative analysis of nucleotide and deduced amino acid ... | 2009 | 19931189 |
| persistence mechanisms in tick-borne diseases. | the use of new, highly sensitive diagnostic methods has revealed persistent infections to be a common feature of different tick-borne diseases, such as babesiosis, anaplasmosis and heartwater. antigenic variation can contribute to disease persistence through the continual elaboration of new surface structures, and we know in several instances how this is achieved. known or suspected mechanisms of persistence in babesial parasites include cytoadhesion and rapid variation of the adhesive ligand in ... | 2009 | 19967928 |
| multiparameter screening on slipchip used for nanoliter protein crystallization combining free interface diffusion and microbatch methods. | this paper describes two slipchip-based approaches to protein crystallization: a slipchip-based free interface diffusion (fid) method and a slipchip-based composite method that simultaneously performs microbatch and fid crystallization methods in a single device. the fid slipchip was designed to screen multiple reagents, each at multiple diffusion equilibration times, and was validated by screening conditions for crystallization of two proteins, enoyl-coa hydratase from mycobacterium tuberculosi ... | 2010 | 20000709 |
| molecular and antigenic characterisation of ribosomal phosphoprotein p0 from babesia bovis. | babesia bovis is a tick-borne pathogen that remains an important constraint for the development of cattle industries in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. effective control can be achieved by vaccination with live attenuated phenotypes of the parasite. however, these phenotypes have a number of drawbacks, which justifies the search for new, more efficient immunogens based mainly on recombinant protein technology. in the present paper, ribosomal phosphoprotein p0 from a brazilian isol ... | 2009 | 20027467 |
| development and evaluation of a nested pcr based on spherical body protein 2 gene for the diagnosis of babesia bovis infection. | we developed and evaluated a nested pcr assay for the diagnosis of babesia bovis infection in cattle based on the spherical body protein 2 gene (sbp2) from b. bovis. the specificity and sensitivity of the test were compared with the b. bovis rap-1 gene npcr. the sbp2 primers have specificities of 100% for b. bovis dna. the sensitivity of the sbp2 npcr to b. bovis from the in vitro cultured parasites was higher than that of the b. bovis rap-1 gene npcr, and a parasitemia as low as 10(-8)% was det ... | 2010 | 20056327 |
| molecular detection of babesia spp. and other haemoparasitic infections of cattle in maputo province, mozambique. | molecular detection of babesia species in apparently healthy cattle within an endemic region was carried out in order to determine the prevalence of carriers and the geographical distribution of babesia bigemina and babesia bovis in maputo province, mozambique. samples from 477 animals at 5 localities were analysed using 2 techniques, the semi-nested hot-start pcr and the reverse line blot (rlb) assay. with the semi-nested hot-start pcr, detection of b. bigemina ranged between 30% and 89%, and o ... | 2010 | 20128941 |
| inhibitory effect of terpene nerolidol on the growth of babesia parasites. | nerolidol is a sesquiterpene present in the essential oils of many plants, approved by the u.s. fda as a food flavoring agent. nerolidol interferes with the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway in the apicoplast of p. falciparum. in the present study, the in vitro growth of four babesia species was significantly (p<0.05) inhibited in the presence of nerolidol (ic(50)s values=21+/-1, 29.6+/-3, 26.9+/-2, and 23.1+/-1microm for b. bovis, b. bigemina, b. ovata, and b. caballi, respectively). parasites fr ... | 2010 | 20178862 |
| serological responses to babesia bovis vaccination in cattle previously infected with babesia bigemina. | serological responses of field cattle (260) on a farm in kwazulu-natal, south africa were determined before and after vaccination with the commercial babesia bovis live-blood vaccine, using the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat). all the cattle tested negative for b. bovis antibodies before vaccination while 83% of them had significant antibody titres (>or=1/80) to babesia bigemina, indicating a high degree of natural exposure to the latter parasite. by day 60 post-vaccination only 53% of ... | 2010 | 20207488 |
| the babesia bovis vesa1 virulence factor subunit 1b is encoded by the 1beta branch of the ves multigene family. | babesia bovis, an intraerythrocytic parasite of cattle, establishes persistent infections of extreme duration. this is accomplished, at least in part, through rapid antigenic variation of a heterodimeric virulence factor, the variant erythrocyte surface antigen-1 (vesa1) protein. previously, the vesa1a subunit was demonstrated to be encoded by a 1alpha member of the ves multigene family. since its discovery the 1beta branch of this multigene family has been hypothesized to encode the vesa1b poly ... | 2010 | 20226217 |
| babesia bovis expresses a neutralization-sensitive antigen that contains a microneme adhesive repeat (mar) domain. | a gene coding for a protein with sequence similarity to the toxoplasma gondii micronemal 1 (mic1) protein that contains a copy of a domain described as a sialic acid-binding micronemal adhesive repeat (mar) was identified in the babesia bovis genome. the single copy gene, located in chromosome 3, contains an open reading frame encoding a putative 181 amino acid protein, which is highly conserved among distinct b. bovis strains. antibodies against both recombinant protein and synthetic peptides m ... | 2010 | 20304092 |
| [seroprevalence of babesiosis in cattle in sivas.] | the purpose of this study was the investigation of the seroprevalence of babesiosis in cattle in the sivas region. serum samples were collected from a total of 240 cattle in the sivas region. serum antibodies against babesia bigemina and babesia bovis for cattle were investigated by the indirect fluorescence antibody test (ifat). in addition, blood smears taken from the ear veins of cattle were prepared and examined under microscope. two hundred and forty cattle from 25 different localities were ... | 2010 | 20340080 |
| seroprevalence of babesia infections of dairy cows in northern thailand. | the present study was conducted to demonstrate the epidemiological distribution of bovine babesiosis in the northern regions of thailand. a total of 700 serum samples of dairy cows in the northern provinces (chiang rai, chiang mai, lumpang, and mae hong sorn) were tested for antibodies against babesia bovis and b. bigemina. species-specific enzyme-linked (rrap-1/cts) were performed. according to the results, 517 (73.8%) and 484 (69.1%) were positive for b. bovis and b. bigemina, respectively. in ... | 2010 | 20363078 |
| genotypic diversity of merozoite surface antigen 1 of babesia bovis within an endemic population. | multiple genetically distinct strains of a pathogen circulate and compete for dominance within populations of animal reservoir hosts. understanding the basis for genotypic strain structure is critical for predicting how pathogens respond to selective pressures and how shifts in pathogen population structure can lead to disease outbreaks. evidence from related apicomplexans such as plasmodium, toxoplasma, cryptosporidium and theileria suggests that various patterns of population dynamics exist, i ... | 2010 | 20371255 |
| development and evaluation of two nested pcr assays for the detection of babesia bovis from cattle blood. | we developed and evaluated two nested polymerase chain reaction (npcr) assays for the diagnosis of babesia bovis infection in cattle based on two membrane protein genes from b. bovis, bbov_iv005650 (bv5650) and bbo_iv008970 (bv8970). the specificities and sensitivities of the tests were compared with b. bovis rhoptery associated protein 1 gene (rap-1) npcr. the specificity of the tests was 100% for b. bovis dna. the sensitivities of npcr to b. bovis from the in vitro cultured parasites were as l ... | 2010 | 20471176 |
| sequence conservation of the 12d3 gene in mexican isolates of babesia bovis. | the 12d3 antigen present in babesia bovis has been evaluated as a recombinant vaccine candidate and the 12d3 coding sequence has been reported for an australian and an usa (texas) isolate of b. bovis. however, no approach has been conducted to perform analysis of 12d3 sequence conservation on a larger number of b. bovis isolates. this could provide important information to determine whether a recombinant vaccine containing this antigen could be widely used. this study reports the cloning and seq ... | 2010 | 20537105 |
| validation of an attenuated live vaccine against babesiosis in native cattle in an endemic area. | the objective of this study was to evaluate in native cattle the use of an in vitro derived attenuated live vaccine (babesia bovis-babesia bigemina). three commercial farms located in a tropical region in chiapas state, mexico were included. for each ranch, 40 animals were selected as negative to babesia spp. by using an immunofluorescent antibody test (ifat) and pcr. animals were distributed in four groups with 10 animals each: (i) <9 months, (ii) 9-18, (iii) 18-36 and (iv) >36 months old. from ... | 2010 | 20537115 |
| immunization of bos taurus steers with babesia bovis recombinant antigens msa-1, msa-2c and 12d3. | the purpose of this research was to evaluate the recombinant proteins msa-1, msa-2c and 12d3 as a combined immunogen for cattle. fifteen steers were randomly assigned into three groups of five animals each (i, ii and iii). on day 0, cattle in group i were injected with 50 microg each of rmsa-1, rmsa-2c and r12d3 with the adjuvant montanide 75; cattle in group ii received adjuvant-pbs, and group iii were untreated controls. on day 14, cattle in group i received a second injection of the three rec ... | 2010 | 20537116 |
| artesunate, a potential drug for treatment of babesia infection. | the effects of artesunate, a water-soluble artemisinin derivative, against babesia species, including babesia bovis, babesia gibsoni and babesia microti were studied. cultures of b. bovis and b. gibsoni were treated with 0.26, 2.6, 26 and 260microm artesunate, showing inhibition of parasite growth at concentrations equal to and greater than 2.6microm artesunate by days 3 post-treatment for b. gibsoni and b. bovis in a dose-dependent manner. consistent with in vitro experiments, artesunate was ef ... | 2010 | 20541037 |