Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| broad-spectrum in vitro antibacterial activities of clay minerals against antibiotic-susceptible and antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens. | the capacity to properly address the worldwide incidence of infectious diseases lies in the ability to detect, prevent and effectively treat these infections. therefore, identifying and analysing inhibitory agents are worthwhile endeavours in an era when few new classes of effective antimicrobials have been developed. the use of geological nanomaterials to heal skin infections has been evident since the earliest recorded history, and specific clay minerals may prove valuable in the treatment of ... | 2008 | 18070832 |
| thiacetazone, an antitubercular drug that inhibits cyclopropanation of cell wall mycolic acids in mycobacteria. | mycolic acids are a complex mixture of branched, long-chain fatty acids, representing key components of the highly hydrophobic mycobacterial cell wall. pathogenic mycobacteria carry mycolic acid sub-types that contain cyclopropane rings. double bonds at specific sites on mycolic acid precursors are modified by the action of cyclopropane mycolic acid synthases (cmass). the latter belong to a family of s-adenosyl-methionine-dependent methyl transferases, of which several have been well studied in ... | 2007 | 18094751 |
| transmission of mycobacterium marinum from fish to a very young child. | mycobacterium marinum causes tuberculosis in fish and can cause skin infections in humans who swim in contaminated water or who have direct contact with infected fish. we report the case study of an 18-month-old girl with m. marinum abscesses, who acquired the infection through indirect contact with a contaminated bucket. appropriate cleaning of aquarium equipment is very important, especially with young children in the household. | 2008 | 18162949 |
| role for lysosomal enzyme beta-hexosaminidase in the control of mycobacteria infection. | the pathogenic mycobacteria that cause tuberculosis (tb) and tb-like diseases in humans and animals elude sterilizing immunity by residing within an intracellular niche in host macrophages, where they are protected from microbicidal attack. recent studies have emphasized microbial mechanisms for evasion of host defense; less is known about mycobactericidal mechanisms that remain intact during initial infection. to better understand macrophage mechanisms for restricting mycobacteria growth, we ex ... | 2008 | 18180457 |
| photo quiz. case 5. the patient had a large tropical fish tank. the lesion was a fish tank granuloma caused by mycobacterium marinum. | 2007 | 18193510 | |
| evolution of the mycobacterial sigk regulon. | previous studies have established that members of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex exhibit variable production of the antigenic proteins mpt70 and mpt83 due to mutations in their positive regulator, sigk (sigma factor k), and their negative regulator, rska (regulator of sigma k). to further understand this highly specific sigk-controlled regulon, we have undertaken evolutionary studies to determine the presence of homologues of sigk-regulated genes in other organisms and to predict its tra ... | 2008 | 18203833 |
| ongoing genome reduction in mycobacterium ulcerans. | elucidation of the transmission, epidemiology, and evolution of mycobacterium ulcerans, the causative agent of buruli ulcer, is hampered by the striking lack of genetic diversity of this emerging pathogen. however, by using a prototype plasmid-based microarray that covered 10% of the genome, we found multiple genomic dna deletions among 30 m. ulcerans clinical isolates of diverse geographic origins. many of the changes appear to have been mediated by insertion sequence (is) elements is2404 and i ... | 2007 | 18214172 |
| 53-year-old man with a swollen finger. | 2008 | 18241632 | |
| independent loss of immunogenic proteins in mycobacterium ulcerans suggests immune evasion. | the highly immunogenic mycobacterial proteins esat-6, cfp-10, and hspx represent potential target antigens for the development of subunit vaccines and immunodiagnostic tests. recently, the complete genome sequence revealed the absence of these coding sequences in mycobacterium ulcerans, the causative agent of the emerging human disease buruli ulcer. genome reduction and the acquisition of a cytopathic and immunosuppressive macrolide toxin plasmid are regarded as crucial for the emergence of this ... | 2008 | 18256209 |
| comparative pathogenesis of mycobacterium marinum and mycobacterium tuberculosis. | a thorough understanding of mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis in humans has been elusive in part because of imperfect surrogate laboratory hosts, each with its own idiosyncrasies. mycobacterium marinum is the closest genetic relative of the m. tuberculosis complex and is a natural pathogen of ectotherms. in this review, we present evidence that the similar genetic programmes of m. marinum and m. tuberculosis and the corresponding host immune responses reveal a conserved skeleton of mycobac ... | 2008 | 18298637 |
| the arthritic fisherman. | 2008 | 18374685 | |
| insights from the complete genome sequence of mycobacterium marinum on the evolution of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | mycobacterium marinum, a ubiquitous pathogen of fish and amphibia, is a near relative of mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiologic agent of tuberculosis in humans. the genome of the m strain of m. marinum comprises a 6,636,827-bp circular chromosome with 5424 cds, 10 prophages, and a 23-kb mercury-resistance plasmid. prominent features are the very large number of genes (57) encoding polyketide synthases (pkss) and nonribosomal peptide synthases (nrpss) and the most extensive repertoire yet repo ... | 2008 | 18403782 |
| use of gene dosage effects for a whole-genome screen to identify mycobacterium marinum macrophage infection loci. | we recently identified two loci, mel1 and mel2, that affect macrophage infection by mycobacterium marinum. the ability of these loci to confer enhanced infection in trans is presumably due to gene dosage effects since their presence on plasmids increases expression from five- to eightfold. reasoning that this phenomenon would allow identification of other mycobacterial genes involved in macrophage infection, we conducted a screen of an m. marinum dna library that provides 2.6-fold coverage of th ... | 2008 | 18443095 |
| rapid resolution of mycobacterium marinum chronic skin infection during lenalidomide therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. | the immunomodulatory drug lenalidomide is currently being evaluated for its antineoplastic properties in treating hematologic malignancies. however, its potential role in augmenting immune reactions against opportunistic infections has not been explored. we report the rapid resolution of chronic mycobacterium marinum infection in a patient following initiation of lenalidomide therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. | 2008 | 18444808 |
| mycobacterium marinum osteomyelitis of a long bone. | mycobacterium marinum can uncommonly cause osteomyelitis of small bones of extremities. the reported cases in literature are reviewed. we report a rare case of long bone osteomyelitis which as far as we are aware, has never been described before. even though this organism normally causes infection in the superficial cooler regions of the body, clinicians should be aware of the possibility of long bone osteomyelitis in patients with a history of immune compromise and the appropriate treatment str ... | 2008 | 18455464 |
| [aquarium granuloma]. | 2008 | 18470497 | |
| axonal sensory neuropathy in a patient treated with minocycline for fish-tank granuloma. | 2008 | 18482039 | |
| mycobacterium marinum infections in transplant recipients: case report and review of the literature. | infections due to mycobacterium marinum are rarely encountered following organ and tissue transplantation. herein, we report a case of m. marinum infection in a kidney and pancreas transplant recipient who manifested clinically with multiple locally spreading sporotrichoid-like cutaneous nodules in his left forearm. in order to provide a general overview of post-transplant m. marinum infections, we reviewed and summarized all previously reported cases of this infection that occurred after transp ... | 2008 | 18482202 |
| biochemical, molecular, and virulence characteristics of select mycobacterium marinum isolates in hybrid striped bass morone chrysops x m. saxatilis and zebrafish danio rerio. | a panel of 15 mycobacterium marinum isolates was characterized by biochemical tests, sequencing the ribosomal dna intergenic spacer (its) region and the heat shock protein 65 gene (hsp65) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). the biochemical characteristics of all isolates were similar, except for tween 80 hydrolysis. dna sequence of hsp65 for a subset of isolates were identical; however, at position 5 of the its rdna, a single nucleotide polymorphism was identified. isolates possessing a ... | 2008 | 18500027 |
| esx-1-dependent cytolysis in lysosome secretion and inflammasome activation during mycobacterial infection. | exocytosis of lysosomes from macrophages has been described as a response to microbial cytotoxins and haemolysins, as well as for releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (il)-1beta and il-18 during inflammasome activation. the mycobacterial esx-1 secretion system, encoded in part by the region of difference-1, is a virulence factor necessary for phagosome escape and host cell lysis by a contact-dependent haemolysin in mycobacterium marinum. here we show that esx-1 from m. marinum and m. ... | 2008 | 18503637 |
| local and disseminated infections caused by mycobacterium marinum: an unusual cause of subcutaneous nodules. | mycobacterium marinum is a free-living, nontuberculous, photochromogenic mycobacterium, which can cause opportunistic infections in humans. it can cause infection through the skin that has undergone minor trauma, as the portal of entry from contaminated water, fish tanks and nonchlorinated swimming pools. it can cause skin lesions, which are either single, papulonodular lesions, confined to an extremity or may resemble cutaneous sporotrichosis. this infection can also cause deeper infections inc ... | 2008 | 18525435 |
| therapy of environmental mycobacterial infections. | environmental mycobacteria are the causative factors of an increasing number of infections worldwide. cutaneous infections as a result of environmental mycobacteria are often misdiagnosed, and their treatment is difficult because these agents can show in vivo and in vitro multidrug resistance. the most common environmental mycobacteria that can cause cutaneous infections are mycobacterium fortuitum and mycobacterium marinum. all mycobacteria are characterized by low pathogenicity and they can co ... | 2008 | 18564246 |
| importation of mycobacteriosis with ornamental fish: medico-legal implications. | mycobacterium fortuitum, as well as mycobacterium marinum and mycobacterium chelonae, are the etiological agents of fish mycobacterioses. mycobacteriosis has been reported to affect a wide range of freshwater and marine fish species, suggesting an ubiquitous distribution, and can cause zoonotic infections (known as "fish tank granuloma" or "swimming pool granuloma") in humans exposed to fish and contaminated water. infection in human consists of nodular cutaneous lesions that can progress to ten ... | 2008 | 18571116 |
| cord formation in a clinical isolate of mycobacterium marinum. | cord formation is a characteristic property of the cultured mycobacterium tuberculosis complex species. we describe a case of mycobacterium marinum demonstrating robust cord formation. nontuberculous mycobacteria can form true cords in broth culture but do so rarely, despite the fact that many species contain the cell wall glycolipid that mediates cord formation. | 2008 | 18579723 |
| in vitro and in vivo characterization of a mycobacterium tuberculosis mutant deficient in glycosyltransferase rv1500. | in mycobacterium marinum, the homologue of rv1500 of m. tuberculosis encodes a glycosyltransferase. initially, it was suggested that this gene is involved in the synthesis of phosphatidylinositol mannosides (pims), generating ac(2)pim(7) from ac(2)pim(5). phosphatidylinositol mannoside and its related compounds lipomannan (lm) and lipoarabinomannan (lam) have been shown to modulate the host response to an infection with m. tuberculosis. here, we generated a deletion mutant of rv1500 in m. tuberc ... | 2008 | 18585090 |
| apolipoprotein a-i from striped bass (morone saxatilis) demonstrates antibacterial activity in vitro. | hdl and apolipoprotein a-i from teleostean fishes demonstrate in vitro activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. in this study, we purified apoa-1 from striped bass (morone saxatilis) plasma and examined its in vitro antibacterial activity against streptococcus sp., escherichia coli, and mycobacterium marinum. in addition, we obtained sequence for a putative striped bass apoa-1 gene, which when translated contained the identical sequence generated from n-terminal sequencing of t ... | 2008 | 18627791 |
| first report of a mycolactone-producing mycobacterium infection in fish agriculture in belgium. | in the past few years, a mycolactone-producing subgroup of the mycobacterium marinum complex has been identified and analyzed. these is2404-positive species cause pathology in frogs and fish. a recently isolated mycobacterial strain from a fish in belgium was analyzed using a variety of molecular methods and the results were identical to those obtained from a mycolactone-producing m. marinum from israel. | 2008 | 18631185 |
| nodular lymphangitis: a distinctive clinical entity with finite etiologies. | nodular lymphangitis, characterized by inflammatory nodules along the lymphatics draining a primary skin infection, most commonly follows superficial inoculation with sporothrix schenckii, nocardia brasiliensis, mycobacterium marinum, leishmania (viannia) panamensis/guyanensis, and francisella tularensis. epidemiologic context, clinical presentation, and presumed incubation period help to predict the specific etiologic microorganism. sporotrichosis, often occurring in gardeners, remains the most ... | 2008 | 18687205 |
| mycobacterium marinum presenting as large verrucous plaques on the lower extremity of a south pacific islander. | mycobacterium marinum is an environmental, nontuberculous mycobacteria found in fresh and salt water, causing disease in humans through traumatized skin. we describe a young, healthy south pacific islander with chronic, progressive large verrucous plaques on the left lower extremity, with cultures positive for m. marinum. this morphology, distribution, and disease course is likely representative of an atypical presentation of m. marinum infection in south pacific islanders. | 2008 | 18689618 |
| tumor necrosis factor signaling mediates resistance to mycobacteria by inhibiting bacterial growth and macrophage death. | tumor necrosis factor (tnf), a key effector in controlling tuberculosis, is thought to exert protection by directing formation of granulomas, organized aggregates of macrophages and other immune cells. loss of tnf signaling causes progression of tuberculosis in humans, and the increased mortality of mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected mice is associated with disorganized necrotic granulomas, although the precise roles of tnf signaling preceding this endpoint remain undefined. we monitored transp ... | 2008 | 18691913 |
| illuminating the black box of tnf action in tuberculous granulomas. | tnf clearly contributes to immunity to intracellular pathogens, but how it does so is incompletely understood. in this issue of immunity, clay et al. (2008) provide unique insights, using intravital microscopy and the zebrafish-embryo model of tuberculosis. | 2008 | 18701080 |
| delayed diagnosis of atypical mycobacterial skin and soft tissue infections in non-immunocompromized hosts. | relapsing or persisting skin and soft tissue infections after injury with biological materials should prompt consideration of atypical mycobacteria, even in non-immunocompromized hosts. we report 3 cases where diagnosis was delayed for 3-10 months. insidiously, mycobacterium marinum infection can occur without any contact to fish tank or swimming pool. | 2008 | 18720253 |
| evaluation of vntr typing for the identification of mycobacterium ulcerans in environmental samples from victoria, australia. | reliable molecular detection of mycobacterium ulcerans in environmental samples is essential to study the ecology and transmission of this important human pathogen. variable number tandem repeat (vntr) typing is a valuable method for distinguishing m. ulcerans isolates from different geographic regions and for distinguishing m. ulcerans from other members of the mycobacterium marinum/m. ulcerans complex, but its application to environmental samples has not yet been evaluated systematically. this ... | 2008 | 18754785 |
| mycobacterial phenolic glycolipid inhibits phagosome maturation and subverts the pro-inflammatory cytokine response. | inhibition of phagosome maturation is an important hallmark of mycobacterial pathogenesis. a variety of genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic approaches have been used to pin down the molecule responsible for this pathogenic principle. we in this study characterize a glycolipid of mycobacterium marinum identified through a screen of mutants disabled in inhibiting phagosome maturation to be phenolphthiocerol diester (phenolic glycolipid, pgl). this molecule is sufficient to impart its ability to ... | 2008 | 18764820 |
| laboratory maintenance of mycobacterium marinum. | m. marinum naturally infects fish and amphibians and causes diseases in these animals with pathological features similar to the human disease caused by m. tuberculosis. at the genetic and biochemical levels, m. marinum is closely related to m. tuberculosis. because of these and other properties of m. marinum (such as its fast growth rate and convenient laboratory handing on the benchtop), m. marinum has been increasingly used as a model for studying m. tuberculosis pathogenesis. the protocols in ... | 2005 | 18770549 |
| zebrafish and frog models of mycobacterium marinum infection. | mycobacterium marinum infection of poikilothermic animals, such as fish and frogs, results in chronic granulomatous diseases that bear many similarities to mycobacterioses in mammals, including tuberculosis. this unit describes three animal models of m. marinum infection that can be used to study basic aspects of mycobacterium-host interactions and granuloma development, as well as trafficking of immune cells in host tissues. protocols are included that describe intraperitoneal infection of adul ... | 2006 | 18770575 |
| evidence for pore formation in host cell membranes by esx-1-secreted esat-6 and its role in mycobacterium marinum escape from the vacuole. | the esx-1 secretion system plays a critical role in the virulence of m. tuberculosis and m. marinum, but the precise molecular and cellular mechanisms are not clearly defined. virulent m. marinum is able to escape from the mycobacterium-containing vacuole (mcv) into the host cell cytosol, polymerize actin, and spread from cell to cell. in this study, we have examined nine m. marinum esx-1 mutants and the wild type by using fluorescence and electron microscopy detecting mcv membranes and actin po ... | 2008 | 18852239 |
| chronic mycobacterium marinum infection acts as a tumor promoter in japanese medaka (oryzias latipes). | an accumulating body of research indicates there is an increased cancer risk associated with chronic infections. the genus mycobacterium contains a number of species, including m. tuberculosis, which mount chronic infections and have been implicated in higher cancer risk. several non-tuberculosis mycobacterial species, including m. marinum, are known to cause chronic infections in fish and like human tuberculosis, often go undetected. the elevated carcinogenic potential for fish colonies infecte ... | 2009 | 18929684 |
| sequence and analysis of a plasmid-encoded mercury resistance operon from mycobacterium marinum identifies merh, a new mercuric ion transporter. | in this study, we report the dna sequence and biological analysis of a mycobacterial mercury resistance operon encoding a novel hg(2+) transporter. merh was found to transport mercuric ions in escherichia coli via a pair of essential cysteine residues but only when coexpressed with the mercuric reductase. | 2009 | 18931130 |
| the esx-5 secretion system of mycobacterium marinum modulates the macrophage response. | the esx-5 secretion system of pathogenic mycobacteria is responsible for the secretion of various ppe and pe-pgrs proteins. to better understand the role of esx-5 effector proteins in virulence, we analyzed the interactions of mycobacterium marinum esx-5 mutant with human macrophages (mphi). both wild-type bacteria and the esx-5 mutant were internalized and the esx-5 mutation did not affect the escape of mycobacteria from phagolysosomes into the cytosol, as was shown by electron microscopy. howe ... | 2008 | 18981138 |
| trafficking of superinfecting mycobacterium organisms into established granulomas occurs in mammals and is independent of the erp and esx-1 mycobacterial virulence loci. | although tuberculous granulomas, which are composed of infected macrophages and other immune cells, have long been considered impermeable structures, recent studies have shown that superinfecting mycobacterium marinum traffic rapidly to established fish and frog granulomas by host-mediated and mycobacterium-directed mechanisms. the present study shows that superinfecting mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium bovis bacille calmette-guérin similarly home to established granulomas in mice. f ... | 2008 | 18983252 |
| atypical mycobacterial cutaneous infections. | atypical mycobacterial infections have been a cause of steadily growing infections over the past decades, especially in immunocompromised patients. they are classified by their ability to produce pigment, growth rate, and optimal temperature. mycobacterium marinum, m. kansasii, and m. avium-intracellulare are examples of slow-growing mycobacteria. m. fortuitum, m. chelonei, and m. abscessus are examples of rapidly growing mycobacteria. atypical mycobacteria are ubiquitous in the environment. no ... | 2009 | 18984369 |
| mycobacterium marinum infection. | a 64-year-old man presented for evaluation of tender pustules that developed on his right hand and subsequently spread up his arms in a sporotrichoid manner. owing to the prominent history of recent trauma followed by fish tank exposure, the patient was started on doxycycline for coverage of mycobacterium marinum. subsequent tissue culture grew m. marinum and confirmed the clinical diagnosis. m. marinum is an atypical mycobacteria that is ubiquitously found in aquatic environments. owing to its ... | 2008 | 19061606 |
| fishy business. | 2009 | 19079348 | |
| buruli ulcer: reductive evolution enhances pathogenicity of mycobacterium ulcerans. | buruli ulcer is an emerging human disease caused by infection with a slow-growing pathogen, mycobacterium ulcerans, that produces mycolactone, a cytotoxin with immunomodulatory properties. the disease is associated with wetlands in certain tropical countries, and evidence for a role of insects in transmission of this pathogen is growing. comparative genomic analysis has revealed that m. ulcerans arose from mycobacterium marinum, a ubiquitous fast-growing aquatic species, by horizontal transfer o ... | 2009 | 19079352 |
| a pregnant woman with fish tank granuloma. | 2008 | 19085552 | |
| disseminated mycobacterium marinum infection in a patient with diabetic nephropathy. | 2009 | 19108924 | |
| microbiology. tb bacteria may reign over cells intended to bridle them. | 2009 | 19131601 | |
| the role of the granuloma in expansion and dissemination of early tuberculous infection. | granulomas, organized aggregates of immune cells, form in response to persistent stimuli and are hallmarks of tuberculosis. tuberculous granulomas have long been considered host-protective structures formed to contain infection. however, work in zebrafish infected with mycobacterium marinum suggests that granulomas contribute to early bacterial growth. here we use quantitative intravital microscopy to reveal distinct steps of granuloma formation and assess their consequence for infection. intrac ... | 2009 | 19135887 |
| polar localization of virulence-related esx-1 secretion in mycobacteria. | the esx-1 (type vii) secretion system is critical for virulence of both mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium marinum, and is highly conserved between the two species. despite its importance, there has been no direct visualization of esx-1 secretion until now. in m. marinum, we show that secretion of mh3864, a novel esx-1 substrate that remains partially cell wall-associated after translocation, occurred in polar regions, indicating that esx-1 secretion takes place in these regions. analy ... | 2009 | 19180234 |
| widespread mycobacterium marinum infection. | 2009 | 19197553 | |
| mycobacterium marinum infections of the hand: a report of three cases. | we report three cases of mycobacterium marinum infection, characterized by the long duration before a proper diagnosis was made. mycobacterium marinum is a so-called atypical non-tuberculous mycobacterium, found in salt and fresh water, occasionally infecting humans. most of the infections involve the fingers and hand, after exposure to contaminated water. it is commonly called fish tank infection. the clinical pictures can be very different: from a small cutaneous lesion to deep-seated infectio ... | 2008 | 19241942 |
| disseminated mycobacterium marinum infection in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis receiving infliximab therapy. | tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors are important adjunctive therapies for rheumatologic diseases. these agents increase the risk for granulomatous disease. we present a case of a woman with severe rheumatoid arthritis on infliximab who developed multiple nodular skin lesions. biopsies grew mycobacterium marinum. new lesions developed through therapy, necessitating surgical debulking. | 2009 | 19266397 |
| cell biology. the art of making an exit. | 2009 | 19325101 | |
| infection by tubercular mycobacteria is spread by nonlytic ejection from their amoeba hosts. | to generate efficient vaccines and cures for mycobacterium tuberculosis, we need a far better understanding of its modes of infection, persistence, and spreading. host cell entry and the establishment of a replication niche are well understood, but little is known about how tubercular mycobacteria exit host cells and disseminate the infection. using the social amoeba dictyostelium as a genetically tractable host for pathogenic mycobacteria, we discovered that m. tuberculosis and m. marinum, but ... | 2009 | 19325115 |
| hypercalcemia and renal failure in a case of disseminated mycobacterium marinum infection. | 2009 | 19327592 | |
| sporotrichoid atypical cutaneous infection caused by mycobacterium marinum. | a case of a sporotrichoid cutaneous infection caused by mycobacterium marinum is reported. a 53- year-old male patient presented with red, partly purulent nodular lesions on the back of his left hand, forearm, and upper medial arm that had developed consecutively during the past 4 weeks. a mycobacterial infection with m. marinum was confirmed by molecular methods in a lesional skin biopsy. the patient was treated systemically with rifampicin (750 mg/day) and clarithromycine (1,000 mg/day), and t ... | 2009 | 19350186 |
| transfer, stable maintenance and expression of the mycolactone polyketide megasynthase mls genes in a recombination-impaired mycobacterium marinum. | the human pathogen mycobacterium ulcerans produces a polyketide metabolite called mycolactone with potent immunomodulatory activity. m. ulcerans strain agy99 has a 174 kb plasmid called pmum001 with three large genes (mlsa1, 51 kb; mlsa2, 7.2 kb; mlsb, 43 kb) that encode type i polyketide synthases (pks) required for the biosynthesis of mycolactone, as demonstrated by transposon mutagenesis. however, there have been no reports of transfer of the mls locus to another mycobacterium to demonstrate ... | 2009 | 19383681 |
| reintroduction of etanercept during treatment of cutaneous mycobacterium marinum infection in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis. | 2009 | 19405014 | |
| sequelae of world war ii: an outbreak of chronic cutaneous nontuberculous mycobacterial infection among satowanese islanders. | after world war ii, residents of satowan (population, 650 persons), an outer island in the state of chuuk, federated states of micronesia, noted a high prevalence of a chronic, progressive skin disease known locally as "spam." | 2009 | 19405866 |
| specificity of the zebrafish host transcriptome response to acute and chronic mycobacterial infection and the role of innate and adaptive immune components. | pathogenic mycobacteria have the ability to survive within macrophages and persist inside granulomas. the complex host-pathogen interactions that determine the outcome of a mycobacterial infection process result in marked alterations of the host gene expression profile. here we used the zebrafish model to investigate the specificity of the host response to infections with two mycobacterium strains that give distinct disease outcomes: an acute disease with early lethality or a chronic disease wit ... | 2009 | 19409617 |
| atg5-independent sequestration of ubiquitinated mycobacteria. | like several other intracellular pathogens, mycobacterium marinum (mm) escapes from phagosomes into the host cytosol where it can polymerize actin, leading to motility that promotes spread to neighboring cells. however, only approximately 25% of internalized mm form actin tails, and the fate of the remaining bacteria has been unknown. here we show that cytosolic access results in a new and intricate host pathogen interaction: host macrophages ubiquitinate mm, while mm shed their ubiquitinated ce ... | 2009 | 19436699 |
| mycobacterium marinum lipooligosaccharides are unique caryophyllose-containing cell wall glycolipids that inhibit tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion in macrophages. | earlier studies have reported a role for lipooligosaccharides (loss) in sliding motility, biofilm formation, and infection of host macrophages in mycobacterium marinum. although a los biosynthetic gene cluster has recently been identified in this species, many structural features of the different loss (los-i-iv) are still unknown. this clearly hampers assessing the contribution of each los in mycobacterial virulence as well as structure-function-based studies of these important cell wall-associa ... | 2009 | 19491094 |
| the granuloma in tuberculosis--friend or foe? | 2009 | 19494225 | |
| husbandry stress exacerbates mycobacterial infections in adult zebrafish, danio rerio (hamilton). | mycobacteria are significant pathogens of laboratory zebrafish, danio rerio (hamilton). stress is often implicated in clinical disease and morbidity associated with mycobacterial infections but has yet to be examined with zebrafish. the aim of this study was to examine the effects of husbandry stressors on zebrafish infected with mycobacteria. adult zebrafish were exposed to mycobacterium marinum or mycobacterium chelonae, two species that have been associated with disease in zebrafish. infected ... | 2009 | 19531062 |
| sporulation in mycobacteria. | mycobacteria owe their success as pathogens to their ability to persist for long periods within host cells in asymptomatic, latent forms before they opportunistically switch to the virulent state. the molecular mechanisms underlying the transition into dormancy and emergence from it are not clear. here we show that old cultures of mycobacterium marinum contained spores that, upon exposure to fresh medium, germinated into vegetative cells and reappeared again in stationary phase via endospore for ... | 2009 | 19541637 |
| non mycobacterial virulence genes in the genome of the emerging pathogen mycobacterium abscessus. | mycobacterium abscessus is an emerging rapidly growing mycobacterium (rgm) causing a pseudotuberculous lung disease to which patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) are particularly susceptible. we report here its complete genome sequence. the genome of m. abscessus (cip 104536t) consists of a 5,067,172-bp circular chromosome including 4920 predicted coding sequences (cds), an 81-kb full-length prophage and 5 is elements, and a 23-kb mercury resistance plasmid almost identical to pmm23 from mycobacte ... | 2009 | 19543527 |
| tuberculosis and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. | the sulfonamides were the first drugs with antituberculous effects. their use was abandoned and basically forgotten with the advent of streptomycin and isoniazid combination treatment. there is a widespread belief, apparently based on testing a single isolate on questionable media, that mycobacterium tuberculosis is resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smx). we saw a complex immunocompromised patient with tuberculosis who was initially treated with tmp-smx without antituberculous drug ... | 2009 | 19564358 |
| subcutaneous mycobacterium marinum infection in a patient with chronic rheumatoid arthritis receiving immunosuppressive therapy. | 2009 | 19570091 | |
| large sequence polymorphisms unveil the phylogenetic relationship of environmental and pathogenic mycobacteria related to mycobacterium ulcerans. | mycolactone is an immunosuppressive cytotoxin responsible for the clinical manifestation of buruli ulcer in humans. it was believed to be confined to its etiologic agent, mycobacterium ulcerans. however, the identification of other mycolactone-producing mycobacteria (mpms) in other species, including mycobacterium marinum, indicated a more complex taxonomic relationship. this highlighted the need for research on the biology, evolution, and distribution of such emerging and potentially infectious ... | 2009 | 19592526 |
| mycobacterial pe, ppe and esx clusters: novel insights into the secretion of these most unusual protein families. | the human pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis harbours a large number of genes that encode proteins whose n-termini contain the characteristic motifs pro-glu (pe) or pro-pro-glu (ppe). a subgroup of the pe proteins contains polymorphic gc-rich sequences (pgrs), while a subgroup of the ppe proteins contains major polymorphic tandem repeats (mptr). the function of most of these proteins remains unknown. however, in this issue of molecular microbiology, abdallah and colleagues show that pe_pgrs pro ... | 2009 | 19602151 |
| ppe and pe_pgrs proteins of mycobacterium marinum are transported via the type vii secretion system esx-5. | esx-5 is one of the five type vii secretion systems found in mycobacteria. these secretion systems are also known as esat-6-like secretion systems. here, we have determined the secretome of esx-5 by a proteomic approach in two different strains of mycobacterium marinum. comparison of the secretion profile of wild-type strains and their esx-5 mutants showed that a number of pe_pgrs and ppe-mptr proteins are dependent on esx-5 for transport. the pe and ppe protein families are unique to mycobacter ... | 2009 | 19602152 |
| region of difference 1 in nontuberculous mycobacterium species adds a phylogenetic and taxonomical character. | the esat-6 and cfp-10 genes are essential for virulence in mycobacterium tuberculosis. among nontuberculous mycobacteria, we found these genes only in m. kansasii, m. szulgai, m. marinum, and m. riyadhense, with unique sequences. this adds a phylogenetic and taxonomical characteristic and may represent a virulence factor for nontuberculous mycobacteria. | 2009 | 19617365 |
| subcutaneous nodules with sporotrichoid spread. | mycobacterium marinum is an atypical mycobacterium found worldwide and associated with swimming pools and aquariums. infections typically present with subcutaneous nodules and lymphangitis. | 2009 | 19624989 |
| deep sequencing of the zebrafish transcriptome response to mycobacterium infection. | novel high-throughput deep sequencing technology has dramatically changed the way that the functional complexity of transcriptomes can be studied. here we report on the first use of this technology to gain insight into the wide range of transcriptional responses that are associated with an infectious disease process. using solexa/illumina's digital gene expression (dge) system, a tag-based transcriptome sequencing method, we investigated mycobacterium-induced transcriptome changes in a model ver ... | 2009 | 19631987 |
| comparison of the arylamine n-acetyltransferase from mycobacterium marinum and mycobacterium tuberculosis. | arylamine n-acetyltansferase (nat) from mycobacterium tuberculosis (tbnat) is a potential drug target for anti-tubercular therapy. recombinant tbnat is much less soluble and is produced in lower yields than the closely related nat from mycobacterium marinum (mmnat). in order to explore mmnat as a model for tbnat in drug discovery, we compare the two mycobacterial nat enzymes. two site-directed mutants of mmnat have been prepared and characterised: mmnat71, tyr --> phe and mmnat209, met --> thr, ... | 2009 | 19636684 |
| intractable ulcer caused by mycobacterium shinshuense: successful identification of mycobacterium strain by 16s ribosomal rna 3'-end sequencing. | an extremely rare case of intractable ulcer caused by mycobacterium shinshuense is described. a 59-year-old japanese woman developed an ulcerated subcutaneous induration on the upper arm. ziehl-neelsen staining revealed positive bacilli. tissue culture isolated mycobacterium species, but standard identification techniques (including molecular biological approaches such as dna-dna hybridization) could not distinguish the precise causative pathogen, although it was narrowed down to three possibili ... | 2009 | 19663856 |
| "you never asked doc., i do fish". | joint pains and swellings are routine complaints in rheumatology clinics. infectious diseases may mimic common rheumatic conditions and thus need to be ruled out before initiating any immunosuppressive treatment. mycobacterium marinum is an organism that can present with a typical arthritis picture. a 60-year-old gentleman with a complicated medical history presented with a right wrist swelling which was initially managed as a case of remitting seronegative arthritis. he eventually required teno ... | 2010 | 19727911 |
| mycobacterium marinum: current recommended pharmacologic therapy. | 2009 | 19773128 | |
| extrapulmonary infections associated with nontuberculous mycobacteria in immunocompetent persons. | over the past several years, the prevalence of human disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) has increased. whether the increase in cases is real or whether more cases are being recognized remains unclear. despite a considerable increase in knowledge about ntm infections, they still represent a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for several reasons: 1) pathogenic isolates may be indistinguishable from contaminant or saprophytic isolates; 2) timely and reliable identification of iso ... | 2009 | 19788801 |
| [non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections of the hand and wrist: a retrospective review of five cases from a single centre]. | a suggestion for a graduated diagnostic and therapeutic approach for patients with a suspected infection with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) of the hand and wrist is made. | 2009 | 19790021 |
| cooperation between a coenzyme a-independent stand-alone initiation module and an iterative type i polyketide synthase during synthesis of mycobacterial phenolic glycolipids. | several mycobacterium tuberculosis strains, mycobacterium leprae, and other mycobacterial pathogens produce a group of small-molecule virulence factors called phenolic glycolipids (pgls). pgls play key roles in pathogenicity and host-pathogen interaction. thus, elucidation of the pgl biosynthetic pathway will not only expand our understanding of natural product biosynthesis, but may also illuminate routes to novel therapeutics to afford alternative lines of defense against mycobacterial infectio ... | 2009 | 19799378 |
| pathogenetic mechanisms of the intracellular parasite mycobacterium ulcerans leading to buruli ulcer. | the necrotising skin infection buruli ulcer is at present the third most common human mycobacteriosis worldwide, after tuberculosis and leprosy. buruli ulcer is an emergent disease that is predominantly found in humid tropical regions. there is no vaccine against buruli ulcer and its treatment is difficult. in addition to the huge social effect, buruli ulcer is of great scientific interest because of the unique characteristics of its causative organism, mycobacterium ulcerans. this pathogen is g ... | 2009 | 19850228 |
| atypical mycobacterial tenosynovitis and bursitis of the wrist. | atypical mycobacterial tenosynovitis of the wrist can easily be misdiagnosed as synovial chondromatosis. both sonography and magnetic resonance imaging plays an important role in depicting "rice bodies" within the distended tendon sheaths and bursae of atypical mycobacterial infection. an endemic place for mycobacterium species and the occupation of the patient should raise the suspicion for the disease. polymerase chain reaction of the distended tendon fluid is a sensitive, specific and rapid m ... | 2009 | 19862676 |
| fish, flesh and a good red herring: a case of ascending upper limb infection in a renal transplant patient. | while newly developed potent immunosuppressive agents have dramatically reduced the incidence of rejection of transplanted organs, they have increased the patients' susceptibility to opportunistic infections and cancer. here we report a rare skin infection caused by atypical mycobacterium marinum in a 50-year-old female renal transplant recipient. the patient presented with localized skin lesion on the dorsum of her hand, which was misdiagnosed as gout. only after the lesions spread in a sporotr ... | 2009 | 19863885 |
| attenuated mycobacterium marinum protects zebrafish against mycobacteriosis. | 2010 | 19912456 | |
| a sensitive fret probe assay for the selective detection of mycobacterium marinum in fish. | mycobacterium marinum is the causative agent of mycobacteriosis in wild and cultured fish and of atypical infection in humans. for the diagnosis of m. marinum, cultural and traditional polymerase chain reaction (pcr) methods are currently used. however, these protocols, although able to discriminate within mycobacterium spp., have proved to be time-consuming or difficult to carry out. for this reason, the aim of this study was to obtain a rapid and specific diagnostic tool to quantify fish mycob ... | 2010 | 19912457 |
| something fishy. fish tank granuloma. | 2009 | 19915232 | |
| mycobacterium marinum hand infection in a "sushi chef". | we present the case of a sushi chef with pain and swelling of his index finger and wrist for a year, unresponsive to antibiotics. | 2009 | 19915656 |
| [a case of acute and necrotizing cutaneous mycobacterium marinum infection in a patient treated with infliximab for crohn's disease]. | the increasing use of anti-tnfalpha exposes patients to emerging risks, particularly that of infection. we report a case of severe cutaneous mycobacterium marinum infection in a patient treated with infliximab and we discuss therapeutic options. | 2009 | 19917434 |
| current treatment of atypical mycobacteriosis. | atypical mycobacteria are a heterogeneous group of organisms that are of increasing importance because of the growing number of infections they cause. this rising rate of infection is due mainly to the increase in the number of susceptible (and especially immunosuppressed) patients. | 2009 | 19929702 |
| mycolactone gene expression is controlled by strong siga-like promoters with utility in studies of mycobacterium ulcerans and buruli ulcer. | mycolactone a/b is a lipophilic macrocyclic polyketide that is the primary virulence factor produced by mycobacterium ulcerans, a human pathogen and the causative agent of buruli ulcer. in m. ulcerans strain agy99 the mycolactone polyketide synthase (pks) locus spans a 120 kb region of a 174 kb megaplasmid. here we have identified promoter regions of this pks locus using gfp reporter assays, in silico analysis, primer extension, and site-directed mutagenesis. transcription of the large pks genes ... | 2009 | 19936295 |
| extranodal natural killer cell/t-cell lymphoma, nasal type, presenting as cutaneous nodules and a small-bowel perforation. | extranodal natural killer (nk) cell/t-cell lymphoma, nasal type, is a rare aggressive neoplasm, most commonly presenting as a destructive lesion in the nasal cavity and nasopharynx in middle-aged to older adults. about one third of cases present in an extranasal location, commonly involving skin and gastrointestinal tract, and usually occur in the absence of superficial lymphadenopathy. diagnosis of this malignancy can be missed given its rarity and heterogeneous presentation. we describe a pati ... | 2010 | 19940752 |
| tuberculous granuloma induction via interaction of a bacterial secreted protein with host epithelium. | granulomas, organized aggregates of immune cells, are a hallmark of tuberculosis and have traditionally been thought to restrict mycobacterial growth. however, analysis of mycobacterium marinum in zebrafish has shown that the early granuloma facilitates mycobacterial growth; uninfected macrophages are recruited to the granuloma where they are productively infected by m. marinum. here, we identified the molecular mechanism by which mycobacteria induce granulomas: the bacterial secreted protein 6- ... | 2010 | 20007864 |
| heterogeneity in the stereochemistry of mycolactones isolated from m. marinum: toxins produced by fresh vs. saltwater fish pathogens. | a novel mycolactone has been identified from mycobacterium marinum infecting freshwater fish. | 2009 | 20024242 |
| do mycobacteria produce endospores? | the genus mycobacterium, which is a member of the high g+c group of gram-positive bacteria, includes important pathogens, such as m. tuberculosis and m. leprae. a recent publication in pnas reported that m. marinum and m. bovis bacillus calmette-guérin produce a type of spore known as an endospore, which had been observed only in the low g+c group of gram-positive bacteria. evidence was presented that the spores were similar to endospores in ultrastructure, in heat resistance and in the presence ... | 2010 | 20080769 |
| microbiology. subversion from the sidelines. | 2010 | 20093460 | |
| microscopic cords, a virulence-related characteristic of mycobacterium tuberculosis, are also present in nonpathogenic mycobacteria. | the aggregation of mycobacterial cells in a definite order, forming microscopic structures that resemble cords, is known as cord formation, or cording, and is considered a virulence factor in the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and the species mycobacterium marinum. in the 1950s, cording was related to a trehalose dimycolate lipid that, consequently, was named the cord factor. however, modern techniques of microbial genetics have revealed that cording can be affected by mutations in genes not ... | 2010 | 20097851 |
| influence of nutritional state on the progression and severity of mycobacteriosis in striped bass morone saxatilis. | challenge studies with mycobacterium marinum clearly demonstrate that a poor diet affects the progression and severity of mycobacteriosis in striped bass morone saxatilis. fish (n = 512 total, wt = 65 +/- 15 g) were inoculated intraperitoneally with 10(4) colony-forming units (cfu) g(-1) body weigth (bw) or a physiological saline solution (controls) and evaluated for 8 mo. inoculated fish fed a low-ration diet (0.15% bw d(-1)) developed a severe, systemic infection characterized by a high bacter ... | 2009 | 20099412 |
| tb or not tb? fishing for molecules making permissive granulomas. | focal accumulations of mononuclear cells, called granulomas, are a hallmark of mycobacterial infections. a common misconception is that granulomas are uniformly protective. in transparent zebrafish larvae infected with mycobacterium marinum, volkman et al. demonstrate an interaction of mycobacteria with epithelial cells that helps recruit macrophages to the granuloma as "feeder cells." | 2010 | 20114023 |