Publications

effects of ethanol on parameters of cellular immunity and host defense mechanisms to infectious agents.	results of several studies have associated ethanol abuse with an increased incidence of infections, including opportunistic infections and those caused by microorganisms, as well as of certain types of cancer. research findings from several laboratories clearly indicate that one possible mechanism in this association is an effect of ethanol on the immune system. we have developed an animal model fo ethanol ingestion in a liquid diet to study the effects of ethanol on immune responses. in most of ...	1992	1472300
detection of listeria monocytogenes by non-radioactive rna probe and polymerase chain reaction.	a hindiii fragment, 651-base-pair, from the listeriolysin 0 gene of listeria monocytogenes was cloned into pgem4z. radioactive 32p labeled and non-radioactive digoxigenin labeled rna probes were made by in vitro transcriptions. these probes hybridized only to l. monocytogenes strains. polymerase chain reaction was performed by using a 22-mer and a 23-mer oligonucleotide primer, and segment of about 700-base-pair was amplified only in l. monocytogenes strains and this band was visualized by hybri ...	1992	1473369
prevalence of salmonella spp., campylobacter spp. and listeria spp. in ring-billed gulls (larus delawarensis).	cloacal swabs collected from 264 ring-billed gulls (larus delawarensis) at four sites near montréal, canada were cultured for the presence of salmonella spp., campylobacter spp. and listeria spp. all birds were apparently healthy when captured or killed. of all birds examined, 8.7%, 15.9% and 9.5%, respectively, were infected with salmonella spp., campylobacter spp. and listeria monocytogenes. overall, 29.9% of gulls sampled harbored one or more of these bacteria. gulls probably play only a mino ...	1992	1474648
purification and characterization of cell wall proteins of listeria monocytogenes.	two proteins were purified from listeria monocytogenes cell wall using detergent extraction, superose 6 gel chromatography. mono q cation-exchange chromatography and superose 12 gel chromatography. proteins were shown to form complexes of ca. 300 kda and pi 4.7. these complexes could not be dissociated in 6 m urea, however, during sds-page 79 and 39 kda monomers were formed. immunoblot analysis showed that the proteins under investigation were common to all listerial strains tested, but were abs ...	1992	1474964
cytokine modulation of immune activation associated suppression of macrophage cyclooxygenase activity in vivo.	intraperitoneal infection with listeria monocytogenes (lm) results in activation of the peritoneal macrophage population which displays increased surface expression of major histocompatibility (mhc) class ii (ia) antigen and markedly suppressed prostaglandin (pg) synthesis. we demonstrate here that this decrease in pg production is also seen after treatment by mitogen (con a) and endotoxin (lps), and can be explained by reduced cyclooxygenase activity in these cell populations. we show that, whe ...	1992	1475281
effect of sodium chloride on the intracellular solute pools of listeria monocytogenes.	the concentrations of intracellular solutes in listeria monocytogenes were examined in cells grown at various concentrations of nacl. at 5% nacl, cells contained elevated concentrations of potassium and glycine betaine compared with concentrations in cells grown without nacl. at 7.5% nacl, cells contained increased concentrations of k+, glycine betaine, glycine, alanine, and proline. only glycine betaine, choline, or glycine promoted growth on a solidified defined medium containing 4% nacl; ther ...	1992	1476439
determination of virulence of different strains of listeria monocytogenes and listeria innocua by oral inoculation of pregnant mice.	a pregnant mouse model was developed to follow the course of infection after peroral inoculation with six different strains of listeria monocytogenes and one strain of listeria innocua. tissues were sampled and analyzed by microbiologic and histologic methods for 5 days postinoculation. in gnotobiotic pregnant balb/c mice, l. monocytogenes scott a (sa), serotype 4b, colonized the gastrointestinal tract, translocated to the livers and spleens of mice by day 1 postinoculation, and multiplied in th ...	1992	1476441
assessment of the accuprobe listeria monocytogenes culture identification reagent kit for rapid colony confirmation and its application in various enrichment broths.	the accuprobe listeria monocytogenes culture identification reagent kit, a nonradioactive probe, was evaluated as a colony confirmation test and in different selective or nonselective enrichment broths. the probe was 100% sensitive and 100% specific when applied to isolated colonies. the minimal detection limit in physiological saline was established to be about 10(5) cfu of l. monocytogenes. hybridization done directly in broths seeded with l. monocytogenes showed variable results. three nonsel ...	1992	1476445
the interaction of bacteria with mammalian cells.		1992	1476803
listeric septicemia with meningitis in a neonatal calf.	a 9-days-old calf which had exhibited depression and difficulty to stand and walk was examined pathologically and bacteriologically. the primary pathological changes consisted of multifocal necrosis in several visceral organs and fibrinopurulent meningitis. the necrotic lesions were most frequently found in the liver, and accompanied with mononuclear cell infiltration and gram-positive small bacilli. the organisms were also present in the foci of mononuclear cells at the central gray matter of t ...	1992	1477173
intravenous injection of interferon-gamma inhibits the proliferation of listeria monocytogenes in the liver but not in the spleen and peritoneal cavity.	in the present study the effects of intravenous administration of recombinant interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) on both the proliferation of listeria monocytogenes in the liver and spleen of mice and the listericidal activity of their peritoneal macrophages were investigated. a single intravenous injection of 1 x 10(6) u or three injections of 2 x 10(5) u recombinant ifn-gamma (rifn-gamma) induced optimal activation of resident and exudate peritoneal macrophages, as judged by their ability to inhibit ...	1992	1478682
acute hepatitis by listeria monocytogenes in an hiv patient with chronic hbv hepatitis.	we report a young male ivda with cah caused by hbv who was infected with hiv and who contracted listeriosis in the form of acute hepatitis and bacteremia, with epithelioid granulomas in the liver. treatment with ampicillin and a aminoglycoside for 3 weeks was followed by rapid and maintained improvement. involvement of the liver is unusual in listeriosis and, as far as we are aware, it has not been described previously in patients with hiv infection.	1992	1479174
[basic and clinical study of meropenem in pediatric field].	meropenem (mepm), a novel parenteral carbapenem antibiotic, was examined in a cooperative study involving 12 pediatric and 1 neonatologic facilities. the results are summarized as follows. 1. antibacterial activity antibacterial activity of mepm against stock organisms including 31 strains of streptococcus agalactiae, 14 of listeria monocytogenes, 4 of bordetella pertussis and 3 of neisseria meningitidis ranged from 0.025 to 0.10 micrograms/ml in mic90's, which were equal or lower than those of ...	1992	1479687
cloning and characterization of a gene encoding flagellin of listeria monocytogenes.	the gene, flaa, encoding the flagellin protein of listeria monocytogenes (strain 12067) has been isolated from an expression library in escherichia coli using a flagellin-specific monoclonal antibody. dna sequence analysis of a positive clone revealed the presence of an open reading frame of 287 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 30.4 kda. comparison of this sequence with flagellins from other bacteria showed a significant degree of homology in both the n- and c-terminal par ...	1992	1479884
discrimination of listeria monocytogenes from other listeria species by ligase chain reaction.	a ligase chain reaction assay based on a single-base-pair difference in the v9 region of the 16s rrna gene (16s rdna) was developed to distinguish between listeria monocytogenes and other listeria species. for this purpose, two pairs of primers were designed, with one primer of each pair being radioactively labeled. the ligated product was separated from the primers by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and then detected by autoradiography. to achieve a higher sensitivity, the 16s rdn ...	1992	1482171
production of bacteriocin inhibitory to listeria species by enterococcus hirae.	a bovine intestinal bacterial isolate, identified as enterococcus hirae, was found to produce a bacteriocin (designated hiraecin s) inhibitory to listeria monocytogenes and other listeria spp. identification to species level was determined by comprehensive biochemical and morphological tests which were verified by dna-dna homology assays. the antimicrobial agent was inactivated by pronase and papain and was insensitive to catalase. the antimicrobial activity was not due to hydrogen peroxide or a ...	1992	1482176
on-line visualization of the competitive behavior of antagonistic bacteria.	to study the interaction between cocultured listeria monocytogenes and an antagonistic leuconostoc strain producing an anti-listeria bacteriocin, flow cytometry, a technique allowing on-line and real-time analysis, was used along with classical microbiological methods. culture methods and flow cytometric measurements of the mixed culture over time point to a bactericidal action of the lactic acid-producing bacterial strain against l. monocytogenes cells.	1992	1482199
unusual causes of peritonitis in patients undergoing continuous peritoneal dialysis with emphasis on listeria monocytogenes.	peritonitis remains a significant cause of morbidity in esrd patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd). staphylococcus species, streptococcus species, and less commonly, gram-negative rods comprise the majority of isolated organisms. other organisms, including unusual bacteria, fungi, and mycobacteria, comprise 5% or less of cases. many of the uncommon causes of capd peritonitis have been reviewed, with special emphasis on antimicrobial therapy and whether catheter rem ...	1992	1482749
[significance of endogenous cytokines in host defense against listeria monocytogenes infection].		1992	1484401
listeria monocytogenes meningitis in previously healthy adults: long-term follow-up.	a few cases of listeria meningitis in healthy individuals have been recorded in the world literature. the lack of a prolonged follow-up in most of these cases makes it difficult to exclude the existence of an underlying disease. the clinical and csf data of four previously healthy patients with meningitis due to listeria monocytogenes are presented. these patients were followed prospectively over 2-6 years; during this time none developed any disease associated with immunosuppression, including ...	1992	1484954
enriched feeding formula and immune responses and outcome after listeria monocytogenes challenge in mice.	immunocompromised malnourished patients are at high risk of developing serious opportunistic infection. this study examined the effect of feeding a special nutrient-enriched formula (immun-aid) on immune responses and mortality in mice challenged with listeria monocytogenes. two protocols were followed. in the first protocol, the animals were challenged with microorganisms when the experimental formula was introduced as the sole source of their nutrition. there was no significant effect on total ...	1992	1486250
the use of bacterial luciferase for monitoring the environmental regulation of expression of genes encoding virulence factors in listeria monocytogenes.	a promoter probe vector, which utilized the lux ab genes from vibrio fischeri as reporters of gene expression, was constructed for use in listeria monocytogenes. using this system gene expression can be monitored non-destructively and in real-time, simply by measuring cellular bioluminescence. derivatives of the promoter probe were constructed that contained the cloned promoters from the hlya and plca genes of l. monocytogenes. the activity of these promoters was dependent on the transcriptional ...	1992	1487729
purification and amino acid sequence of sakacin a, a bacteriocin from lactobacillus sake lb706.	sakacin a, a bacteriocin produced by lactobacillus sake lb706 and which inhibits the growth of listeria monocytogenes, was purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulphate precipitation and ion-exchange, hydrophobic-interaction and reversed-phase chromatography. the complete amino acid sequence of sakacin a was determined by edman degradation. the bacteriocin consisted of 41 amino acid residues and had a calculated m(r) of 4308.7, which is in good agreement with the value determined by mass spectrom ...	1992	1487735
characterization and purification of mesentericin y105, an anti-listeria bacteriocin from leuconostoc mesenteroides.	a leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. mesenteroides was isolated from goat's milk on the basis of its ability to inhibit the growth of listeria monocytogenes. the antimicrobial effect was due to the presence in the culture medium of a compound, named mesentericin y105, excreted by the leuconostoc mesenteroides y105. the compound displayed known features of bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria. it appeared as a proteinaceous molecule exhibiting a narrow inhibitory spectrum limited to genus listeria. ...	1992	1487737
comparison of the antibacterial efficacies of ampicillin and ciprofloxacin against experimental infections with listeria monocytogenes in hydrocortisone-treated mice.	the efficacies of ciprofloxacin and ampicillin against listeria monocytogenes in an immunosuppressed mouse model of listeriosis were compared. immunosuppression was achieved by administration of 2.5 mg of hydrocortisone acetate daily. both ciprofloxacin and ampicillin were effective in reducing the number of viable l. monocytogenes cells in the liver and spleen. after treatment with 100 mg of ampicillin per kg of body weight every 6 h for 3 days, virtually no l. monocytogenes could be recovered ...	1992	1489180
the appearance and role of gamma delta t cells in the peritoneal cavity and liver during primary infection with listeria monocytogenes in rats.	we have previously reported that gamma delta t cells play important roles in protection during the early stage of infection with listeria monocytogenes in mice. to generalize the protective roles of gamma delta t cells in listerial infection to different species, we examined the appearance of gamma delta t cells during infection with l. monocytogenes in fisher f344 rats. the numbers of bacteria in the peritoneal cavity and liver increased to a maximum level on day 3 and then decreased to an unde ...	1992	1489731
degenerate pcr primers for the amplification of fragments from genes encoding response regulators from a range of pathogenic bacteria.	many bacterial responses to environmental stimuli are mediated by response regulators which coordinately regulate genes involved in particular adaptive responses. degenerate oligonucleotide primers were used to amplify by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr), fragments from genes encoding eleven novel response regulators. sequence and phylogenetic analysis revealed that phob, phop and creb gene fragments had been amplified from yersinia enterocolitica and yersinia pseudotuberculosis, and that a c ...	1992	1490612
antibacterial spectrum of lactoferricin b, a potent bactericidal peptide derived from the n-terminal region of bovine lactoferrin.	a physiologically diverse range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was found to be susceptible to inhibition and inactivation by lactoferricin b, a peptide produced by gastric pepsin digestion of bovine lactoferrin. the list of susceptible organisms includes escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidis, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus vulgaris, yersinia enterocolitica, pseudomonas aeruginosa, campylobacter jejuni, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus mutans, corynebacterium diphtheriae, list ...	1992	1490908
specialized role for a murine class i-b mhc molecule in prokaryotic host defenses.	although nonclassical (class i-b) gene products represent the majority of murine major histocompatibility complex (mhc) genes, the role of these relatively nonpolymorphic molecules remains uncertain. recently, one such protein, h-2m3 (formerly designated hmt), was shown to bind and specifically present n-formylated peptides to cytotoxic t lymphocytes. because n-formylation is characteristic of prokaryotic proteins, this mhc molecule may be especially adapted for a role in the mammalian defense a ...	1992	1496381
opportunistic fungal and bacterial infection in the renal transplant recipient.	the risk of opportunistic infection in the renal transplant recipient is determined by the interaction between two factors: the epidemiologic exposures the individual encounters within the community and the hospital and a complex function termed the net state of immunosuppression. there are two general categories of opportunistic fungal infection in this patient population: (1) disseminated primary or reactivation infection with one of the geographically restricted systemic mycoses (histoplasmos ...	1992	1498286
listeria monocytogenes camp reaction.		1992	1498770
cryptdins: antimicrobial defensins of the murine small intestine.	paneth cells are specialized small intestine epithelial cells that contain lysozyme, possess phagocytic properties, and secrete cytoplasmic granules into the intestinal crypt lumen after the entry of bacteria. recent studies by ouellette and associates (a. j. ouellette, r. m. greco, m. james, d. frederick, j. naftilan, and j. t. fallon, j. cell biol. 108:1687-1695, 1989) indicated that murine paneth cells produce prodefensin mrna, but the properties of its peptide product were not reported. we p ...	1992	1500163
host cell actin assembly is necessary and likely to provide the propulsive force for intracellular movement of listeria monocytogenes.	listeria monocytogenes is able to escape from the phagolysosome and grow within the host cell cytoplasm. by 3 h after initiation of infection, actin filaments begin to concentrate at one end of the bacterium. polarization of f-actin is associated with intracellular bacterial movement, long projections of actin filaments forming directly behind the moving bacteria. new actin monomers are added to the region of the projection in proximity to the bacterium. the rate of new actin filament growth cor ...	1992	1500169
macrophage response to bacteria: induction of marked secretory and cellular activities by lipoteichoic acids.	lipoteichoic acids (ltas) from various bacterial species, including staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus pneumoniae, enterococcus faecalis, and listeria monocytogenes, were examined for the ability to induce secretory and cellular responses in a pure population of bone marrow-derived mononuclear phagocytes. some of the highly purified ltas, in particular ltas from bacillus subtilis, s. pyogenes, e. faecalis, and enterococcus hirae, were able to affect each of the macropha ...	1992	1500175
development of polymerase chain reaction assays for detection of listeria monocytogenes in clinical cerebrospinal fluid samples.	in order to improve the diagnosis of listeria meningitis or meningoencephalitis, especially in patients who have received antibiotics before their cerebrospinal fluid (csf) has been examined, two assays for the detection of listeria monocytogenes based on the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) were evaluated. after a standard pcr, the amplified dna was detected either by a second round of pcr with internal primers followed by gel electrophoresis and ethidium bromide staining (nested pcr) or by dot ...	1992	1500495
lymphatic drainage of listeria monocytogenes and indian ink inoculated in the peritoneal cavity of the mouse.	the lymphatic drainage of the peritoneal cavity has been investigated by intraperitoneal inoculation of an intracellular bacterium (listeria monocytogenes) and an inert marker (indian ink). the results reveal that both agents are transported, either after phagocytosis by intraperitoneal macrophages or in suspension in the lymph, towards the cranial sternal lymph nodes (lymphonodi sternales craniales) of the ventral thoracic lymphocentrum (lymphocentrum thoracicum ventrale) and to the lymph nodes ...	1992	1501434
hydrocortisone treatment of bcg-infected mice impairs the activation and enhancement of antimicrobial activity of peritoneal macrophages.	the present study concerns the effect of hydrocortisone (hc) on the effector functions of bacillus calmette guerin-purified protein derivative (bcg-ppd)-activated macrophages. such activated macrophages release greater amounts of h2o2 and no2-, inhibit the intracellular proliferation of t. gondii and kill l. monocytogenes more efficiently than resident macrophages. this activation was not fully expressed by macrophages from bcg-activated mice that had received a subcutaneous injection of hc 2 da ...	1992	1502497
a gene encoding a superoxide dismutase of the facultative intracellular bacterium listeria monocytogenes.	a gene (lmsod) encoding superoxide dismutase (sod; ec 1.15.1.1) of the facultative intracellular pathogen, listeria monocytogenes, was cloned by functional complementation of an sod-deficient escherichia coli mutant. the nucleotide sequence was determined and the deduced amino acid (aa) sequence (202 aa) showed close similarity to manganese-containing sod's from other organisms. subunits of the recombinant l. monocytogenes sod (re-sod) and of both e. coli sods formed enzymatically active hybrid ...	1992	1511873
an investigation of the antibacterial effect of carrot on listeria monocytogenes.	carrot slices immersed in a potassium phosphate buffer (0.1 mol/l, ph 7.0) or carrot tissue macerated in the buffer had a lethal effect on listeria monocytogenes. this antilisterial activity was suppressed by anaerobiosis, thiol compounds (1 mmol/l) and bovine serum albumin (0.05%) but was not affected by sodium ascorbate (200 mmol/l), propyl gallate (25 mmol/l), catalase (1100 u/ml), superoxide dismutase (357 u/ml), or chelating agents (10 mmol/l). free-radical scavengers had no effect at 10 mm ...	1992	1512175
a combined pcr and selective enrichment method for rapid detection of listeria monocytogenes.	development of a routine detection assay for listeria monocytogenes in foods that uses the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and enrichment cultures was investigated. oligonucleotide primers were chosen to amplify a 3' region of l. monocytogenes hlya gene spanning a conserved hindiii site. pcr detection sensitivity for l. monocytogenes in dilutions of pure enrichment cultures was between 50 and 500 colony forming units. a short enrichment period before pcr amplification allowed detection of the or ...	1992	1512178
development of cell surface protein associated gene probe specific for listeria monocytogenes and detection of the bacteria in food by pcr.	a genomic library of l. monocytogenes was constructed using lambda zap ii-eco ri and screened with a monoclonal antibody which is specific for a listeria cell surface protein. three positive clones each contained a 6.5 kb insert which in e. coli could express the same listeria protein. the 6.5 kb insert was further digested with hin diii and the smaller fragments were subcloned into a plasmid vector (pbluescript) and screened with 32p-labelled genomic dna from l. monocytogenes or l. innocua. thr ...	1992	1513341
the homologous and heterologous regions within the iap gene allow genus- and species-specific identification of listeria spp. by polymerase chain reaction.	the iap gene of listeria species encodes protein p60. the comparison of iap-related genes from different listeria species indicated common and variable regions within these genes which appeared to be specific for each listeria species. on the basis of the iap gene sequences, pairs of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) primers which allowed the unambiguous identification of all members of the genus listeria, of groups of related listeria species, and of l. monocytogenes, exclusively, were selected. ...	1992	1514809
listeriosis in california broiler chickens.		1992	1515498
emerging food-borne pathogens and their significance in chilled foods.		1992	1517168
effect of a traditional chinese medicine, bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang (japanese name: hochu-ekki-to) on the protection against listeria monocytogenes infection in mice.	effects of bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang (japanese name: hochu-ekki-to) on the resistance against listeria monocytogenes were observed in icr mice orally administered this medicine daily for 10 days. survival rates were increased by the pretreatment in mice inoculated i.v. with bacteria 1 day after the last administration and in mice inoculated i.p. 4 days after the last administration. after an i.v. inoculation of l. monocytogenes, the numbers of bacteria in the spleen and liver increased gradually to ki ...	1992	1517527
fecal carriage of listeria monocytogenes--observations during a community-wide, common-source outbreak.		1992	1520812
plasmids in listeria monocytogenes and other listeria species.	one hundred and twenty-two food, clinical, and veterinary strains of listeria monocytogenes were examined for the presence of plasmids. twenty-five (20%) contained plasmids, which varied from 1.3 to 66 mda in size. of 10 strains of other listeria species (l. innocua, l. ivanovii, l. welshimeri, l. seeligeri, l. grayi, and l. murrayi) examined, seven (70%) contained plasmids, varying from 38 to 53 mda. no strains with multiple plasmids were found. plasmids of identical size were isolated from rel ...	1992	1521191
antimicrobial chemotherapy of meningitis due to listeria monocytogenes in adults.		1992	1522321
a membrane vesicle/ribosome preparation from serratia marcescens elicits peritoneal exudate cells expressing both tumoricidal and bactericidal activity.	a biological response modifier called imuvert, derived from the bacterium serratia marcescens, produced long-lasting elevation of peritoneal exudate cell (pec) numbers after intraperitoneal injection into mice. these cells had enhanced ability to phagocytose both latex beads and opsonized listeria monocytogenes. pec harvested 2-14 days after a single injection of imuvert killed l. monocytogenes, and imuvert protected mice from infection by l. monocytogenes, measured both by ld50 and bacterial gr ...	1992	1526665
a protective role of gamma/delta t cells in primary infection with listeria monocytogenes in mice.	we have previously reported that t cells bearing t cell receptors (tcrs) of gamma/delta type appear at a relatively early stage of primary infection with listeria monocytogenes in mice. to characterize the early-appearing gamma/delta t cells during listeriosis, we analyzed the specificity and cytokine production of the gamma/delta t cells in the peritoneal cavity in mice inoculated intraperitoneally with a sublethal dose of l. monocytogenes. the early-appearing gamma/delta t cells, most of which ...	1992	1530961
interleukin 1 participates in the development of anti-listeria responses in normal and scid mice.	using t- and b-cell deficient c.b-17 mice with the scid mutation, we have previously documented the existence of a t-cell-independent but interferon gamma-dependent pathway of macrophage activation that confers upon the host partial resistance to the facultative intracellular bacterium listeria monocytogenes. this pathway is operative in both normal and scid mice and consists of at least four components: interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor, macrophages, and natural killer cells. here we demo ...	1992	1531270
type i il-1 receptor blockade exacerbates murine listeriosis.	it was found that il-1 is produced in livers and spleens of mice shortly after the i.v. injection of a sublethal or lethal listeria monocytogenes inoculum. in sublethally infected mice, il-1 was present in infected livers and spleens by the end of the first day of infection. thereafter, the amounts of il-1 in these organs increased and decreased in concordance with bacterial numbers. il-1 was not present in the peripheral circulation of mice during sublethal listeriosis, but was present in the b ...	1992	1531668
development of a repair-enrichment broth for resuscitation of heat-injured listeria monocytogenes and listeria innocua.	the ability of the divalent cations magnesium, iron, calcium and manganese; yeast extract; pyruvate; catalase; and the carbohydrates glucose, lactose, sucrose, esculin, fructose, galactose, maltose, and mannose to facilitate repair of heat-injured listeria monocytogenes and listeria innocua was evaluated. listeria populations were injured by heating at 56 degrees c for 50 min. to determine the effects on repair, trypticase soy broth (tsb) was supplemented with each medium component to be evaluat ...	1992	1531746
gamma interferon and interleukin 2, but not interleukin 4, are detectable in gamma/delta t-cell cultures after activation with bacteria.	mycobacterium tuberculosis- or group a streptococcus-activated gamma/delta t cells from normal healthy individuals were negatively sorted and restimulated in vitro from 48 h. significant amounts of gamma interferon were detected after restimulation with m. tuberculosis, group a streptococci, or listeria monocytogenes. in contrast, interleukin 4 was undetectable in the culture supernatants. our findings provide indirect evidence for the involvement of gamma/delta t cells in immunity against tuber ...	1992	1531813
in vitro activities of three semisynthetic amide derivatives of teicoplanin, mdl 62208, mdl 62211, and mdl 62873.	mdl 62208, mdl 62211, and mdl 62873 are three semisynthetic amide derivatives of teicoplanin (mdl 62208 is an amide of teicoplanin aglycone, mdl 62211 is an amide of the teicoplanin a2 complex, and mdl 62873 is the corresponding derivative of peak a2-2 of the complex). the three semisynthetic glycopeptides were evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activity in comparison with the parent drug (teicoplanin) and vancomycin. a variety of gram-positive bacteria of clinical origin, whose species were c ...	1992	1534977
activity of clarithromycin against murine listeriosis.	in-vitro clarithromycin was more active than erythromycin against listeria monocytogenes. the antibacterial action was bacteristatic. in normal adult mice infected with a virulent strain of l. monocytogenes clarithromycin was also more active than erythromycin. a rapid decrease in viable count was obtained, which was not achieved with erythromycin. early treatment resulted in a complete abrogation of an immune response to l. monocytogenes. in immunocompromised, congenitally athymic (nude) mice, ...	1992	1535067
primary listerial infections are exacerbated in mice administered neutralizing antibody to macrophage colony-stimulating factor.	the serum and tissue levels of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (m-csf) are elevated in mice during a primary immunologic response to infection by listeria monocytogenes. experiments were performed to determine the specific role of m-csf in the resolution of listerial infections. the bulk of listeria injected into a mouse i.v. is deposited in the liver. the expression of m-csf mrna in the liver increased markedly within 2 h postinfection. maximum expression was dependent upon the dose of lis ...	1992	1535085
defective production of interleukin-6 in very small premature infants in response to bacterial pathogens.	in the present study, a whole-blood culture was employed to examine the ability of preterm and term newborn infants to produce interleukin-6 (il-6) in response to major bacterial pathogens such as group b streptococci, escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes, and streptococcus pneumoniae. similarly, in response to stimulation with lipopolysaccharide, a potent stimulant for monocyte cytokine production, appreciable levels of il-6 activity in the stimulated whole blood from term newborns as well ...	1992	1541547
roles of listeria monocytogenes virulence factors in survival: virulence factors distinct from listeriolysin are needed for the organism to survive an early neutrophil-mediated host defense mechanism.	avirulent mutant strains of listeria monocytogenes which fail to produce phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c, or which produce reduced amounts of hemolytic listeriolysin o, are incapable of causing progressive infection in normal mice. however, both strains can grow progressively in mice that have been rendered incapable of focusing neutrophils at sites of infection as a result of being treated with monoclonal antibody 5c6, specific for the type 3 complement receptor of myelomonocytic ...	1992	1541569
antagonism between listeria monocytogenes and lactococci during fermentation of products from ultrafiltered skim milk.	tyndallized samples of unfiltered skim milk and retentate (concentrated fivefold or twofold by volume) and permeate from uf skim milk were inoculated with 5.5 x 10(3) to 1.5 x 10(5) cfu/ml of listeria monocytogenes strains california or v7 together with 4 x 10(7) to 2.3 x 10(8) cfu/ml of mesophilic lactic acid bacteria. numbers of l. monocytogenes (mcbride listeria agar) and lactic acid bacteria (all purpose tween agar) were determined after 0, 6, 12, 24, 30, and 36 h of incubation at 30 degrees ...	1992	1541740
listeria monocytogenes, yersinia enterocolitica, and salmonella in dairy plant environments.	in order to determine the presence of the three environmental pathogens in dairy plants, six milk and four ice cream plants in a three state area were sampled. a total of 353 environmental samples were taken over three replications. bacterial counts were performed on the environmental samples for chi-square analysis. salmonella spp. were not isolated from any of the environmental samples. yersinia enterocolitica was isolated from 6.8% of the environmental samples. listeria monocytogenes was isol ...	1992	1541741
listeriolysin genes: complete sequence of ilo from listeria ivanovii and of lso from listeria seeligeri.	the complete dna sequences coding for the thiol-activated cytolysins from listeria ivanovii, ivanolysin o (ilo) and for seeligerolysin o (lso) from listeria seeligeri have been determined. the deduced amino acid sequences revealed that: (i) the primary translation products comprise 528 (ilo) and 530 (lso) amino acids, respectively, (ii) ilo contains two cysteines, lso has a substitution in the conserved cysteine motif.	1992	1543752
listeria monocytogenes meningoencephalitis.		1992	1544814
polymerase chain reaction with additional primers allows identification of amplified dna and recognition of specific alleles.	the use of additional primers in the standard two primer polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is described. this modification allows detection of a target gene in a single reaction, and identification of the amplification product obtained or recognition of a specific allele. the oligonucleotides used are internal to the original amplification primers and amplification-compatible with one of the original primers. annealing of an additional primer to the target gene as well as to the primary amplificat ...	1992	1545829
use of recombinant interleukin-2 to enhance adoptive transfer of resistance to listeria monocytogenes infection.	in vitro incubation of listeria-immune spleen cells (lisc) with recombinant interleukin-2 (ril-2) for at least 3 days increased their ability to transfer antilisteria resistance to recipient mice. this effect was blocked by the in vitro addition of transforming growth factor beta 1. the level of protection afforded by the transfer of ril-2-incubated lisc was further elevated by the in vivo administration of ril-2 at a dose that by itself did not significantly increase antilisteria resistance. th ...	1992	1548066
hemolysin-producing listeria monocytogenes affects the immune response to t-cell-dependent and t-cell-independent antigens.	a murine experimental infection with a hemolysin-producing (hly+) strain of listeria monocytogenes and a non-hemolysin-producing (hly-) mutant was used as an in vivo model to evaluate the role of hemolysin production in the immune response. no antilisterial antibodies were detectable following sublethal infection with hly+ bacteria, but consistent antilisterial immunoglobulin g (igg) and igm antibody production was observed following sublethal infection with the hly- mutant. hly+ but not hly- l. ...	1992	1548067
pathogenicity and immunogenicity of listeria monocytogenes small-plaque mutants defective for intracellular growth and cell-to-cell spread.	listeria monocytogenes strains previously generated by transposon mutagenesis were examined with respect to virulence and induction of protective immunity in balb/c mice. the phenotypic defects observed in these mutant l. monocytogenes strains included decreased hemolysin (listeriolysin o [llo]) production, phospholipase c activity, intracellular growth, and/or cell-to-cell spread in vitro. while 50% lethal dose determinations performed with these mutant strains indicated reduced virulence for b ...	1992	1548084
difference in the functional maturation of t cells against listeria monocytogenes in lymph nodes and spleen.	after subcutaneous immunization of mice with viable listeria monocytogenes (lm), we evaluated the function of t cells induced in draining lymph nodes (ln) and spleen as determined by the local transfer of delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth), acquired cellular resistance (acr) and in vitro lymphokine production. ln cells could transfer specifically dth but not acr. in contrast, spleen cells from the same donor mice evoked the dth response as well as bacterial clearance at the reaction site. compa ...	1992	1551686
role of foods in sporadic listeriosis. i. case-control study of dietary risk factors. the listeria study group.	to identify dietary risk factors for sporadic listeriosis.	1992	1552639
role of foods in sporadic listeriosis. ii. microbiologic and epidemiologic investigation. the listeria study group.	to evaluate the role of foods in sporadic listeriosis.	1992	1552640
expanding the horizons of foodborne listeriosis.		1992	1552644
update: foodborne listeriosis--united states, 1988-1990.	although outbreaks of invasive disease caused by listeria monocytogenes have been associated with ingestion of a variety of contaminated foods (1-5), most listeriosis in the united states occurs as isolated or sporadic cases. to determine the incidence of listeriosis and identify risk factors for disease, during 1988-1990, cdc collaborated with investigators in four states to conduct active laboratory-based surveillance and special studies in a population of more than 18 million u.s. residents. ...	1992	1557017
[neonatal listeriosis].	during the period november 1988-december 1989 eight cases of early onset neonatal listeria monocytogenes infection were registered in the 'neonatal intensive care unit' of the university hospital in leuven (belgium). before bacteriological proof was available, diagnosis could be made in 7 cases, based on a characteristic clinical picture: a maternal flu-like syndrome leading to preterm labour with intact membranes, meconium stained amniotic fluid, perinatal asphyxia and respiratory distress of t ...	1992	1557779
survival of listeria monocytogenes during the manufacture and ripening of swiss cheese.	rindless swiss cheese was made from a mixture of pasteurized whole and skim milk that was inoculated to contain 10(4) to 10(5) cfu of listeria monocytogenes (strain ohio, california, or v7)/ml. during clotting of milk, numbers of l. monocytogenes remained nearly unchanged. when the curd was heated gradually to attain the cooking temperature (50 degrees c), numbers of l. monocytogenes increased by approximately 40 to 45% over those in inoculated milk. cooking curd at 50 degrees c (122 degrees f) ...	1992	1560131
influence of fat and emulsifiers on the efficacy of nisin in inhibiting listeria monocytogenes in fluid milk.	the recent fda affirmation of nisin, an antimicrobial peptide, as a gras (generally recognized as safe) additive in pasteurized cheese spreads has renewed interest in its potential application in us dairy products. fluid milks were prepared with varying concentrations of milk fat (0 to 12.9%) and of nisin (0 to 50 u/ml). biological activity assays using a sensitive indicator microorganism in a well diffusion system indicated that initial nisin activity (50 u/ml) decreased by about 33% when it wa ...	1992	1560132
processing and presentation of self and foreign antigens by the renal proximal tubule.	the renal proximal tubule (pt) in many ways resembles an apc. the pt is one of the few epithelial cells in the body reported to constitutively express the class ii mhc molecules required to present ag to cd4+ t cells. we questioned whether the pt could function as an apc in vitro and in vivo. fluorescence cytometry demonstrated that the normal cba/j pt constitutively expressed low levels of class ii mhc and that this expression was markedly augmented by either ifn-gamma or systemic listeria mono ...	1992	1560195
deferoxamine increases the susceptibility of beta-thalassemic, iron-overloaded mice to infection with listeria monocytogenes.	the effect of the iron chelator deferoxamine (dfo) on resistance to infection with listeria monocytogenes in mice with a condition analogous to human beta-thalassemia was studied. intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg dfo resulted in significantly increased mortality when given one, three and six days before infection with l. monocytogenes (for all three time points, p less than 0.02). there were no significant differences in hematocrit, plasma iron, or splenic iron content between the two groups o ...	1992	1560732
pneumonia due to listeria monocytogenes.		1992	1562673
effector function of hepatocytes and kupffer cells in the resolution of systemic bacterial infections.	it has been suggested that mononuclear phagocytes serve as the principal site of replication for a number of intracellular pathogens including listeria monocytogenes. to determine the role of the tissue macrophages (kupffer cells) in the proliferation of listeria taken up in the liver, the hepatic cell populations were purified and the associated bacteria were quantified at periodic intervals postinfection. here we report that the bulk of listeria injected intravenously into nonimmune mice repli ...	1992	1564405
bovine abortions attributable to listeria ivanovii: four cases (1988-1990).	during a 3-year period, 4 cases of bovine abortion attributable to listeria ivanovii were diagnosed from 243 bovine fetuses submitted for diagnostic evaluation. listeria monocytogenes was isolated only once from a bovine fetus during this same time period. pathologic findings were similar to those seen in abortions attributable to l monocytogenes. consistent management factors were not recognized and breed susceptibility was not apparent. listeria ivanovii is most often associated with abortions ...	1992	1568917
arterial infections due to listeria monocytogenes: report of four cases and review of world literature.	early diagnosis and successful antimicrobial therapy have diminished the frequency of embolomycotic aneurysms, but infected aortic and small vessel aneurysms, arteriosclerotic plaques, and prosthetic grafts are becoming more common. a broad spectrum of pathogens, including staphylococcus, salmonella, enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and some unusual organisms, are associated with this change. we treated four patients (three with abdominal aortic aneurysms and one with a prosthetic gra ...	1992	1571436
from the centers for disease control. foodborne listeriosis--united states, 1988-1990.		1992	1573716
biliary excretion as possible origin of listeria monocytogenes in fecal carriers.	the presence of listeria monocytogenes in feces of animals has been related with ingestion of contaminated foods. in the study reported here, healthy mice inoculated sc with l monocytogenes excreted the organism in their feces, regardless of whether they developed clinical signs of infection. listeria monocytogenes was isolated simultaneously from liver, feces, and bile of inoculated mice, which strongly suggested that the microorganism reached the gastrointestinal tract by biliary excretion.	1992	1575382
enhanced control of listeria monocytogenes by in situ-produced pediocin during dry fermented sausage production.	to determine whether pediocin is produced and has effective antilisterial activity during food fermentation, six sausage fermentation trials were conducted with antibiotic-resistant, pediocin-producing (bac+) pediococcus acidilactici pac 1.0 (strr rifr) and an isogenic pediocin-negative (bac-) derivative used as a control. meat was inoculated (ca. 10(5) cfu/g) with a composite of five listeria monocytogenes strains, each electrotransformed with pgk12 (cmr emr). p. acidilactici and l. monocytogen ...	1992	1575489
purification and primary structure of pediocin pa-1 produced by pediococcus acidilactici pac-1.0.	the plasmid-encoded bacteriocin pediocin pa-1, produced by the gram-positive bacterium pediococcus acidilactici strain pac-1.0, was purified to homogeneity. the purified product exhibited antibacterial activity against several gram-positive bacterial strains, including the food pathogen listeria monocytogenes. pediocin pa-1 is a 4629-da peptide with 44 amino acids and two disulfide bonds. the amino acid sequence and arrangement of the disulfide bonds were determined. sequence data were used to c ...	1992	1575516
[effects of experimental listeria monocytogenes infection on mice fed on lamprey or sardine oil prepared under high-temperature deodorization].	fresh lamprey (f-la) or sardine (f-sa) oil is known to contain a large amount of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic (epa) and docosahexaenoic (dha) acids. when f-la or f-sa was deodorized with steam at 280 degrees c under 1 mmhg for 1 h (h-la and h-sa, respectively), the contents of epa and dha were reduced and unidentified peaks were newly detected by gas-liquid chromatography. to know the biological influences of these high-temperature deodorized oils, the sterilizing fun ...	1992	1578344
[listeria monocytogenes meningitis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis due to pseudomonas aeruginosa in a patient with alcoholic cirrhosis].		1992	1579704
[10 years foodborne listeriosis--an evaluation].	foodborne listeriosis outbreaks, which occurred in the past 10 years, have raised new questions in listeriosis epidemiology. the renewed interest in listeriosis and listeria monocytogenes has resulted in various efforts, which enormously enriched the knowledge about his relatively rare, but because of the high mortality rate, important infectious disease as well as about its causative agent. new data concerning epidemiology and therapy of human listeriosis as well as new experience with listeria ...	1992	1580070
a novel bacterial virulence gene in listeria monocytogenes required for host cell microfilament interaction with homology to the proline-rich region of vinculin.	the ability of listeria monocytogenes to move within the cytosol of infected cells and their ability to infect adjacent cells is important in the development of infection foci leading to systemic disease. interaction with the host cell microfilament system, particularly actin, appears to be the basis for propelling the bacteria through the host cell cytoplasm to generate the membraneous protrusions whereby cell-to-cell spread occurs. the acta locus of l.monocytogenes encodes a 90 kda polypeptide ...	1992	1582425
diminished in vitro production of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha during acute visceral leishmaniasis and recovery after therapy.	disturbance of t cell-mediated immunity has been reported in acute visceral leishmaniasis (avl). in a study of 16 patients with avl, defective production of interleukin-1 (il-1) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells was demonstrated in response to leishmania antigens, heat-killed listeria organisms, and lipopolysaccharide when compared to posttherapy values or controls. this global defect in il-1 production was corrected after successful therapy. twelve of 16 patients responded with a greater th ...	1992	1583328
effect of legionella pneumophila cytotoxic protease on human neutrophil and monocyte function.	the extracellular metalloprotease of legionella pneumophila, also called tissue-destructive protease or major secretory protein, has been proposed as one of the virulence factors of this organism. considering the decisive role played by the phagocytic cells in host defense against legionella infection, we investigated the effect of this protease on the function of human neutrophils and monocytes. l. pneumophila protease inhibited the chemotactic response of neutrophils to f-met-leu-phe and zymos ...	1992	1584005
immunostimulatory human urinary protein.	we have previously extracted a protein from inflammatory mouse granuloma that fully protects normal mice against lethal listeria monocytogenes infection. we now report that polyclonal antibodies directed against this protein react with a human urinary fraction that also provides full protection of normal mice against l. monocytogenes. murine monoclonal antibodies completely inhibit the protective activity of the human urinary fraction. we have purified to apparent homogeneity a human glycoprotei ...	1992	1584770
listerial brain abscess in long-standing sarcoidosis.	a 50-year-old black man with steroid-dependent stage iv sarcoidosis and a prior seizure attributed to neurosarcoidosis had progressive disorientation, ataxia, cranial neuropathies, and increased dyspnea. neuroradiologic evaluation showed a ring-enhancing lesion in the left basal ganglion causing a mass effect. craniotomy yielded purulent material that grew a pure culture of listeria monocytogenes. he responded well to antibiotic therapy.	1992	1585211
listeriolysin o is a target of the immune response to listeria monocytogenes.	the immunologic mechanism of protective immunity to the intracellular parasite listeria monocytogenes (lm) is not well understood, however, antilisterial immunity can be adoptively transferred with t lymphocytes from lm-immune donors. the lm-immune cells are believed to produce macrophage-activating lymphokines, which leads to the eventual macrophage-dependent eradication of the bacterium. increasing evidence suggests that immunity to lm resides exclusively within the cd8+ t cell subset. it is p ...	1992	1588276
analysis of surface proteins of listeria in relation to species, serovar and pathogenicity.	sds extracts of whole bacteria, representing five species and 15 serovars of listeria, were analysed by sds-page and by immunoblotting with serum directed against whole formalin-treated l. monocytogenes. profiles of l. monocytogenes were very different from those of other species of listeria (i.e. l. innocua,l.welshimeri, l. seeligeri and l. ivanovii). this low degree of similarity between species was found even in the case of common serovars. within the species l. monocytogenes, protein pattern ...	1992	1588308
the rate of actin-based motility of intracellular listeria monocytogenes equals the rate of actin polymerization.	the gram-positive bacterium listeria monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular pathogen capable of rapid movement through the host cell cytoplasm. the biophysical basis of the motility of l. monocytogenes is an interesting question in its own right, the answer to which may shed light on the general processes of actin-based motility in cells. moving intracellular bacteria display phase-dense 'comet tails' made of actin filaments, the formation of which is required for bacterial motility. we ha ...	1992	1589024
effects of recombinant human interleukin-6 alone and in combination with recombinant interleukin-1 alpha and tumor necrosis factor alpha on antibacterial resistance in mice.	in this study, recombinant human interleukin-6 (ril-6) was tested for its ability to alter the resistance of mice to experimental listeria monocytogenes infection. single bolus or repeated injections of ril-6 by itself did not increase antilisteria resistance. when ril-6 was injected in combination with suboptimal concentrations of ril-1 alpha and tumor necrosis factor alpha (rtnf-alpha), it did not augment their abilities to mediate protection in the spleen and had a marginal effect on the leve ...	1992	1590703
recurrent listeria monocytogenes meningitis treated with intraventricular vancomycin.		1992	1592707
epidemiologic investigation of a silage-associated epizootic of ovine listeric encephalitis, using a new listeria-selective enumeration medium and phage typing.	the role of silage feeding in the origin of an epizootic of encephalitic listeriosis in a sheep flock was investigated by use of a new direct listeria-selective isolation and enumeration medium, in combination with serotyping and phage typing. the silage contained high numbers (about 10(6) cells/g) of a l monocytogenes strain indistinguishable with respect to serovar and phagovar from that isolated from the brains of sick sheep. these results provided unambiguous bacteriologic evidence of the ep ...	1992	1595962
innate immunity to a facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen.	the murine response to listeria monocytogenes has long been considered a paradigm of t-cell-mediated immunity. there is, however, substantial evidence that t-cell-deficient mice are capable of surviving a l. monocytogenes challenge. recently, advances have been made in our understanding of the cell biology and pathogenesis of infection.	1992	1596365