Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| [bacteriological and clinical studies of sy5555 in pediatric field]. | clinical studies were carried out on sy5555, a new oral penem, in the field of pediatrics. the results obtained are summarized below. the clinical efficacies were examined in a total 31 patients consisting of 4 patients with pharyngitis, 10 with purulent tonsillitis, 4 with scarlet fever, 7 with impetigo, one with balanitis, one with cellulitis and 4 with uti. the clinical efficacy rate was 96.8% (30/31). bacteriological efficacies of sy5555 were examined on identified pathogens including 7 stra ... | 1995 | 7745808 |
| assessment of macroporous polystyrene-based polymers for the immobilization of citrobacter freundii. | polyhipe polymers represent a novel immobilization support possessing many desirable characteristics. these materials have been used to immobilize citrobacter freundii in order to develop a continuous bioconversion system for the anaerobic production of trimethylene glycol from glycerol. several immobilization methods were employed, of which the most successful involved culturing the organism with polyhipe in shake-flasks, transferring the contents into a column, and growing the cells in situ wi ... | 1993 | 7763451 |
| evaluation of the vitek immunodiagnostic assay system (vidas) for the detection of salmonella in foods. | a salmonella assay using the vitek immunodiagnostic assay system (vidas) was compared with a conventional cultural method (ccm) for the detection of salmonellas in 141 samples of artificially and naturally contaminated foods. there was an overall agreement of 92.9% between the methods. the productivity of the vidas salmonella assay (vsa) was not improved using an alternative enrichment protocol for the detection of salmonella in 12 raw meat samples. the sensitivity and specificity of the vsa was ... | 1994 | 7765217 |
| the signal transducer encoded by ampg is essential for induction of chromosomal ampc beta-lactamase in escherichia coli by beta-lactam antibiotics and 'unspecific' inducers. | chemical mutagenesis of the ampc beta-lactamase-hyperinducible escherichia coli strain sn0301/pnu305 carrying the cloned ampc and ampr genes from citrobacter freundii os60 gave four independent mutants in which beta-lactamase was no longer inducible, or was inducible only to a low level, by beta-lactam antibiotics. the genes ampc, ampr, ampd and ampe, which were essential for beta-lactamase induction, were functional in these mutants. in all four mutants, the sites of mutation were mapped to 9.9 ... | 1995 | 7773404 |
| histochemical differences of the lectin affinities of backbone polylactosamine structures carrying the abo blood group antigens in papillary carcinoma and other types of thyroid neoplasm. | endo-beta-galactosidase from escherichia freundii cleaves linear polylactosamine structure as follows: r-glcnac-beta 1-3gal-beta 1-4glcnac-beta 1-r' + h2o-->r-glcnac-beta 1-3gal + glcnac-beta 1-r'. staining with griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin ii (gsa-ii) following enzyme digestion reveals the distribution of r-glcnac-beta 1-3gal-beta 1-4glcnac-beta 1-r' structures in tissue sections. in this study, the procedure was applied to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 26 cases o ... | 1995 | 7775198 |
| verotoxinogenic citrobacter freundii associated with severe gastroenteritis and cases of haemolytic uraemic syndrome in a nursery school: green butter as the infection source. | a summer outbreak of severe gastroenteritis followed by haemolytic uraemic syndrome (hus) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in a nursery school and kindergarten is described. sandwiches prepared with green butter made with contaminated parsley were the likely vehicle of infection. the parsley originated from an organic garden in which manure of pig origin was used instead of artificial fertilizers. clonally identical verotoxinogenic citrobacter freundii were found as causative agents of hu ... | 1995 | 7781732 |
| characterization of an lysr family protein, smer from serratia marcescens s6, its effect on expression of the carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase sme-1, and comparison of this regulator with other beta-lactamase regulators. | serratia marcescens s6 produces a chromosomally encoded carbapenem-hydrolyzing class a beta-lactamase, sme-1 (t. naas, l. vandel, w. sougakoff, d. m. livermore, and p. nordmann, antimicrob. agents chemother. 38:1262-1270, 1994). upstream from smea we identified a second open reading frame (embl accession number z30237). this encodes a 33.1-kda protein, smer, which has a high degree of homology with nmcr, the lysr regulatory protein of the only other sequenced carbapenem-hydrolyzing class a beta- ... | 1995 | 7793864 |
| effect of oxytetracycline-medicated feed on antibiotic resistance of gram-negative bacteria in catfish ponds. | the effect of oxytetracycline-medicated feeds on antibiotic resistance in gram-negative bacteria from fish intestines and water in catfish ponds was investigated. in experiments in the fall and spring, using ponds with no previous history of antibiotic usage, percentages of tetracycline-resistant bacteria in catfish intestines obtained from medicated ponds increased significantly after 10 days of treatment. in the fall, resistance of the intestinal and aquatic bacteria returned to pretreatment l ... | 1995 | 7793953 |
| [clinical bacteriology and empiric therapy for hospital-acquired pneumonia in the elderly at a national leprosarium]. | hospital-acquired pneumonia is one of the most important fatal respiratory diseases in the elderly. prompt and precise empiric therapy is essential for recovery. fourteen isolates from twelve elderly lepromatous leprosy patients (9 men, 3 women, mean age of 75.8 years) with hospital-acquired pneumonia were studied. subsequently, empiric therapy with gentamicin and beta-lactams for nosocomial pneumonia in the elderly was examined. fourteen types of bacteria isolated from expectorated sputum speci ... | 1994 | 7799554 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of sy5555, a new oral penem antibiotic. | the antibacterial activity of sy5555, a new oral penem antibiotic, was compared with those of cefaclor, cefixime, and cefteram. sy5555 was more active than the comparison agents against methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, enterococcus faecalis, citrobacter freundii, enterobacter cloacae, morganella morganii, acinetobacter calcoaceticus, clostridium spp., and bacteroides fragilis. against providencia spp., proteus spp., and haemophi ... | 1994 | 7811005 |
| gene sequence and biochemical characterization of fox-1 from klebsiella pneumoniae, a new ampc-type plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase with two molecular variants. | klebsiella pneumoniae ba32, a clinical isolate from buenos aires, argentina, was found to produce a plasmid-encoded beta-lactamase (fox-1) which conferred resistance to broad-spectrum cephalosporins and cephamycins. resistance could be transferred by conjugation or transformation into escherichia coli k-12 via a 48.5-kb plasmid (pglk1) that produced two fox-1 molecular variants with isoelectric points of 6.8 and 7.2 and apparent molecular sizes of 37 and 35 kda, respectively. the kinetic study r ... | 1994 | 7811034 |
| nucleotide sequence of a plasmid-mediated cephalosporinase gene (blalat-1) found in klebsiella pneumoniae. | the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding a novel cephalosporinase (lat-1), carried by a non-self-transferable plasmid from klebsiella pneumoniae, has been determined. it was found that the sequence shares a high degree of homology with the citrobacter freundii os60 ampc structural gene. | 1994 | 7811049 |
| isolation of three hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine-degrading species of the family enterobacteriaceae from nitramine explosive-contaminated soil. | three species of the family enterobacteriaceae that biochemically reduced hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (rdx) and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (hmx) were isolated from nitramine explosive-contaminated soil. two isolates, identified as morganella morganii and providencia rettgeri, completely transformed both rdx and the nitroso-rdx reduction intermediates. the third isolate, identified as citrobacter freundii, partially transformed rdx and generated high concentratio ... | 1994 | 7811097 |
| [a case of severe pneumonia in an elderly man, caused by citrobacter freundii suspected to have a low susceptibility to imipenem/cilastatin sodium]. | an 80-year-old blind man with lepromatous leprosy suffered from right femoral neck and humeral neck fractures on july 9, 1993. because of fever (38.6 degrees c), difficult expectoration and diffuse bilateral perihilar infiltrates with consolidation in the left lower lung field on his chest radiograph, severe pneumonia was diagnosed. with intravenous hyperalimentation, imipenem/cilastatin (ipm/cs), ceftazidime, minocycline, gentamicin (gm), and human immunoglobulin were administrated. on july 29, ... | 1994 | 7815761 |
| genetics of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. | bacteria have adapted to the introduction of aztreonam, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone and other oxyimino-beta-lactams by altering existing plasmid-mediated class a and class d beta-lactamases so as to expand their spectrum of activity. in the tem and shv families of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, relative activity toward oxyimino-substrates increases with the number of amino acid substitutions but at the price of lowered intrinsic efficiency, so that compensatory up-promoter events ar ... | 1994 | 7821301 |
| [enterobacteria in mineral, spring and table water]. | whereas coliform bacteria rank first, non-coliform enterobacteria can be isolated second in frequency from bottled mineral, spring and table waters in south bavaria. escherichia coli were found in 8, coliforms in 44 and non-coliform enterobacteria in 41 of 54 manufactories with hygienic problems. 11 different bacterial species were determined from coliforms with enterobacter cloacae occurring most numerous in 19, citrobacter freundii in 12 and enterobacter amnigenus in 7 manufactories. from non- ... | 1994 | 7841680 |
| in vitro activity of cp-99,219, a novel 7-(3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexyl) naphthyridone antimicrobial. | the in vitro activity of cp-99,219 was compared with that of ciprofloxacin and sparfloxacin against 814 clinical bacterial isolates using a microdilution method with brain-heart infusion broth. cp-99,219 was the most potent agent tested against methicillin-resistant, ciprofloxacin-susceptible staphylocci (minimum inhibitory concentration [mic]90 < or = 0.25 microgram/ml). cp-99,219 was 32-fold and fourfold more potent than ciprofloxacin and sparfloxacin, respectively, against streptococcus pneum ... | 1994 | 7851087 |
| [pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on cefozopran in the pediatric field]. | cefozopran (czop, sce-2787), a newly developed parenteral cephem antibiotic, was administered to children with bacterial infections. we determined its antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety in these patients. 1. antibacterial activity mics of cefmetazole, ceftazidime, cefuzonam, flomoxef and czop were determined against a total of 19 strains. for gram-positive cocci, mics of czop ranged from 0.39 to 0.78 microgram/ml against staphylococcus aureus (3 strains), from 0.05 to ... | 1994 | 7853690 |
| the nickel resistance determinant cloned from the enterobacterium klebsiella oxytoca: conjugational transfer, expression, regulation and dna homologies to various nickel-resistant bacteria. | klebsiella oxytoca strain ccug 15788, isolated from a mineral oil emulsion tank in göteborg, sweden, was found to be nickel-resistant (tolerating 10 mm nicl2 in non-complexing mineral-gluconate media; inducible resistance). the nickel resistance determinants were transferred by helper-assisted conjugation to various strains of escherichia coli and citrobacter freundii and expressed to between 5 and 10 mm nicl2. a 4.3 kb hindiii fragment was cloned from the genomic dna of k. oxytoca. ligated into ... | 1995 | 7865994 |
| comparative in vitro activity of fk-037, a new cephalosporin antibiotic. | the in vitro activity of fk-037, a novel parenteral oxime-type cephalosporin, was compared with that of cefepime, cefpirome, ceftazidime, imipenem, and gentamicin against a total of 668 recent clinical isolates. minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined by a standard agar dilution procedure, and all isolates were tested at two inocula (10(4) and 10(6) colony forming units). fk-037 inhibited 90% of isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella species, proteus mirabilis, p. vulgaris, morganell ... | 1994 | 7867295 |
| cefquinome (hr 111v). in vitro evaluation of a broad-spectrum cephalosporin indicated for infections in animals. | cefquinome (formerly hr 111v), an aminothiazolyl cephalosporin, was compared with cefepime, cefpirome, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime against 681 clinical cultures and a challenge set of bacteria with well-characterized resistance mechanisms. cefquinome minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic90) for the enterobacteriaceae ranged from < or = 0.12-2 micrograms/ml with the highest mic (4 micrograms/ml) obtained among citrobacter freundii, enterobacter cloacae, and providencia stuartii strains. a total ... | 1994 | 7867299 |
| update of lomefloxacin in vitro activity and spectrum. a multicenter trial testing contemporary pathogens following food and drug administration validation guidelines. lomefloxacin activity study group. | the united states food and drug administration recently recommended that the antimicrobial product package insert (ppi) subsection on microbiology be annually validated with regard to the compound's spectrum and potency. to address this request, a nine-laboratory trial was organized to test (two methods) lomefloxacin, a newer fluoroquinolone, and nine comparison drugs against ppi-listed pathogens (1934 strains). a broad geographic sampling (nine medical centers) was achieved, and lomefloxacin wa ... | 1994 | 7867311 |
| postantibiotic effect of meropenem on members of the family enterobacteriaceae determined by five methods. | the postantibiotic effect (pae) of meropenem was determined for 11 strains, both clinical isolates and reference strains of members of the family enterobacteriaceae. the study compares pae results obtained by five methods used to monitor bacterial regrowth, including viable counting, alone and in combination with impedance; bioluminescence, alone and in combination with impedance; and a morphological technique. after exposure of the test organisms to meropenem (0.1 x to 100 x mic) for 2 h, conce ... | 1994 | 7872752 |
| plantar cellulitis. | an unusual case of acute cellulitis of the foot in a child is reported. the child failed to respond to standard treatment even after removal of an occult foreign body. wound cultures revealed klebsiella oxytoca and citrobacter freundii. this is the first documented report on klebsiella oxytoca in cellulitis. the cellulitis resolved after being treated with the appropriate antibiotics. | 1994 | 7909945 |
| three-dimensional structure of tyrosine phenol-lyase. | tyrosine phenol-lyase (ec 4.1.99.2) from citrobacter freundii has been cloned and the primary sequence deduced from the dna sequence. from the brcn digest of the nabh4-reduced holoenzyme, five peptides were purified and sequenced. the amino acid sequences of the peptides agreed with the corresponding parts of the tyrosine phenol-lyase sequence obtained from the gene structure. k257 is the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate binding residue. assisted by the sequence data, the crystal structure of apotyrosine ... | 1993 | 7916622 |
| [antibacterial activities of isepamicin against fresh clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli]. | to investigate antibacterial activities of isepamicin (isp), mics of isp as well as other aminoglycosides (ags) were determined against many strains of gram-negative bacilli that were clinically isolated in 1993. 1. no isp-resistant strains were observed among isolates of escherichia coli, citrobacter diversus, klebsiella spp., enterobacter spp. or proteus mirabilis. 2. isp-resistant strains were observed among isolates of citrobacter freundii, serratia spp., proteus vulgaris, morganella morgani ... | 1994 | 7933534 |
| [analysis of cases with liver abscess following transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (tae) for malignant hepatic tumors]. | a total of 182 tae procedures were carried out in 98 patients with malignant hepatic tumors during the last five years. liver abscess following tae occurred in 3 cases (3.1%) and in 3 procedures (1.7%). all cases were discharged after successful percutaneous transhepatic abscess drainage. one case had hepatocellular carcinoma. another case had undergone total gastrectomy and esophagojejunostomy with roux-y reconstruction for gastric leiomyosarcoma. the other had undergone right hemicolectomy and ... | 1994 | 7944448 |
| cloning and sequencing of the gene for the lactose carrier of citrobacter freundii. | the gene coding for the lactose carrier of citrobacter freundii was cloned into the plasmid pbr322. the gene was sequenced and the amino acid sequence was found to be 70% identical to the lactose carrier of e. coli. all of the charged residues in the membrane spanning region were conserved. the sugar specificity is somewhat different from that of e. coli. the c. freundii carrier has less activity for lactose and more activity for o-nitrophenyl-galactose (onpg) than the carrier of e. coli. | 1994 | 7945341 |
| characterization of the lactose transport system in citrobacter freundii. | the lactose transport system of citrobacter freundii was characterized. both the lactose transport system and beta-galactosidase were induced with either lactose or isopropyl-beta-d-thiogalactopyranoside (iptg), the latter being the better inducer. the km values for methyl-beta-d-thiogalactopyranoside (tmg) transport and lactose transport were 0.61 mm and 1.1 mm, respectively, and the vmax values were 53 nmol/min/mg cell protein and 12 nmol/min/mg cell protein, respectively. thus, tmg is a bette ... | 1994 | 7951140 |
| in vitro activity of cefpirome against beta-lactamase-inducible and stably derepressed enterobacteriaceae. | most members of the enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa possess an inducible chromosomal class i beta-lactamase. bacterial strains which produce high levels of beta-lactamase constitutively can be isolated from infections; these derepressed mutants are responsible for resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and ureidopenicillins. minimum inhibitory concentrations of cefpirome, a fourth-generation cephalosporin, and other beta-lactam antibiotics were determined for a series of mut ... | 1994 | 7956454 |
| interactions of wild-type and mutant ampr of citrobacter freundii with target dna. | the ampr transcriptional activator for the chromosomal ampc beta-lactamase gene of citrobacter freundii was found to interact with an operator sequence located in the 5' half of the 38 bp region protected by ampr in dnase i footprinting experiments. ampr binding was associated with significant dna bending of target dna. a glycine to glutamic acid alteration at position 102 in ampr converts ampr into a transcriptional activator even in the absence of beta-lactam inducer. amprg102e interacted with ... | 1993 | 7968533 |
| vitamin b12 production by citrobacter freundii or klebsiella pneumoniae during tempeh fermentation and proof of enterotoxin absence by pcr. | the influence of some fermentation parameters on vitamin b12 formation by strains of citrobacter freundii and klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from indonesian tempeh samples during tempeh fermentation was investigated. a decrease in fermentation temperature from 32 to 24 degrees c led to a decrease in vitamin b12 formation. inoculation of soybeans with different numbers of cells of c. freundii at the beginning of solid-substrate fermentation showed that only the velocity of vitamin formation and n ... | 1994 | 8017933 |
| identification of infant food as a vehicle in a nosocomial outbreak of citrobacter freundii: epidemiological subtyping by allozyme, whole-cell protein and antibiotic resistance. | a total of 38 citrobacter freundii strains was isolated from patients and their environment at a neonatal intensive care unit of a large hospital where colonization and clinical diseases due to the agent had been observed. epidemiological investigations were carried out by subtyping, for which a combination of allozyme, whole-cell protein and resistance pattern analysis was used. infant formula was identified as a vehicle of nosocomial spread. this shows that the role of foods in the transmissio ... | 1994 | 8027004 |
| comparison of the taxonomy, serology, drug resistance transfer, and virulence of citrobacter freundii strains from mammals and poikilothermic hosts. | in this study, the phenotypic, antigenic, and virulence characteristics of 32 citrobacter freundii strains of fish, human, and veterinary origin were comparatively analyzed. in addition, the spread of drug resistance factors by conjugation was investigated. regardless of the source of isolation, the strains exhibited variable reactions mainly for arginine dihydrolase, ornithine decarboxylase, and fermentation of sucrose, melibiose, amygdalin, and salicin. total fatty acid methyl ester analysis b ... | 1994 | 8031079 |
| localization of blood-group-related linear poly-n-acetyllactosamine structure in different human tissues by griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin-ii staining following endo-beta-galactosidase digestion. | endo-beta-galactosidase from escherichia freundii cleaves polylactosaminyl structures as follows: r-glcnac beta i-3gal beta i-4glcnac beta i-r' + h2o-->r-glcnac beta i-3gal + glcnac beta i-r'. by staining with griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin-ii following the enzyme digestion, the distribution of r-glcnac beta i-3gal beta i-4glcnac can be demonstrated in tissue sections. this carbohydrate chain is one of the backbone structures carrying the blood-group-related antigens and, thus, localization ... | 1994 | 8040005 |
| comparative in-vitro activity of biapenem against enterobacteria with beta-lactamase-mediated antibiotic resistance. | the effects of enterobacterial beta-lactamases were studied for biapenem (l627), a new carbapenem. susceptibility tests were performed for isogenic mutant series of citrobacter freundii, enterobacter cloacae, morganella morganii, serratia marcescens and proteus vulgaris which varied only in chromosomal beta-lactamase expression. beta-lactamase-derepressed organisms in these series were as susceptible as beta-lactamase-inducible strains to biapenem; beta-lactamase-basal mutants were up to eight-f ... | 1994 | 8040111 |
| [antibacterial activity of aztreonam against clinical isolates]. | to evaluate the antibacterial activity of a monobactam antibiotic, aztreonam (azt), mics of azt and other antibiotics against clinical isolates collected at 36 participating institutions after january 1992 were determined using the agar plate dilution method (size of inoculum, 10(6) cfu/ml) according to the japan society of chemotherapy standard. the antibiotics that were tested along with azt included piperacillin (pipc), cefoperazone (cpz), and amikacin (amk). azt was found to be more active a ... | 1994 | 8051793 |
| antimicrobial activity of essential oil from schinus molle linn. | the essential oil from the fresh leaves of schinus molle isolated by hydrodistillation was tested for antibacterial activity using the hole plate diffusion method and for antifungal activity using the mycelium or single cell growth inhibition method. results obtained showed that the volatile oil exhibited significant activity against the following bacterial species: klebsiella pneumoniae, alcaligenes faecalis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, leuconostoc cremoris, enterobacter aerogenes, proteus vulgaris ... | 1993 | 8055554 |
| formation of b-vitamins by bacteria during the soaking process of soybeans for tempe fermentation. | the formation of b-vitamins (nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, thiamine, vitamin b6 and vitamin b12) during the soaking of soybeans by bacteria, isolated from tempe, was investigated. among the isolates examined no vitamin b6 producer was found. after inoculation of the soaking soybeans with citrobacter freundii, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas fluorescens and streptococcus spp. the concentrations of vitamin b12 increased significantly. for the first time it was found that soakings inoculated ... | 1994 | 8060790 |
| o-acetylation affects the binding properties of the carboxyl groups on the vi bacterial polysaccharide. | the capsular polysaccharide of salmonella typhi and citrobacter freundii (vi) is a linear homopolymer of (1-->4)-linked 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-d-galactopyranosyluronic acid partially o-acetylated at the c-3 position. the physico-chemical properties of the carboxyl groups of the vi polysaccharide, as a function of different degrees of o-acetylation, were studied by potentiometric titration, circular dichroism, and their reaction with the bulky nucleophile 2-nitro-phenylhydrazine (nph). potenti ... | 1994 | 8061223 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of blabil-1, a plasmid-mediated class c beta-lactamase gene in escherichia coli bs. | the extended-spectrum, plasmid-borne beta-lactamase gene blabil-1, which was discovered in escherichia coli, has been cloned. unusually for a plasmid-borne beta-lactamase, blabil-1 encodes a novel class c enzyme and appears to have originated from the chromosomal ampc gene of citrobacter freundii. | 1994 | 8067761 |
| modes of inhibition of foodborne non-salmonella bacteria by selenite cystine selective broth. | various cell densities of six common foodborne non-salmonella bacteria were exposed to selenite cystine (sc) salmonella selective medium. the insensitivity of pseudomonas aeruginosa and proteus vulgaris to sc was confirmed. selenite cystine selective medium was effective against the sensitive bacteria up to certain cell densities, beyond which the bacteria survived. as judged from the minimum cell number required for survival in sc, staphylococcus aureus was the most sensitive to sc, followed by ... | 1994 | 8074974 |
| interaction of oxyimino beta-lactams with a class c beta-lactamase and a mutant with a spectrum extended to beta-lactams. | the class c beta-lactamase of citrobacter freundii gn346 is a typical cephalosporinase comprising 361 amino acids, and substitution of the glutamic acid at position 219 in the enzyme by lysine was previously shown to broaden its substrate spectrum to oxyimino beta-lactams (k. tsukamoto, r. ohno, and t. sawai, j. bacteriol. 172:4348-4351, 1990). to clarify this spectrum extension from the kinetic point of view, the interactions of cefuroxime, ceftazidime, and aztreonam with the wild-type and muta ... | 1994 | 8092840 |
| a survey of a functional amino acid of class c beta-lactamase corresponding to glu166 of class a beta-lactamases. | the class c beta-lactamase of citrobacter freundii gn346 is a typical cephalosporinase comprising 361 amino acids. the aspartic acid at position 217 and glutamic acid at position 219 in this beta-lactamase were, respectively, previously shown not to be the counterpart of glu166 (abl166) in class a beta-lactamases, even though sequence alignment of class a and c enzymes strongly suggested this possibility [(1990) febs lett. 264, 211-214; (1990) j. bacteriol. 172, 4348-4351]. we tried again to ass ... | 1993 | 8104827 |
| effect of a defined continuous-flow derived bacterial culture and dietary lactose on salmonella typhimurium colonization in broiler chickens. | a defined bacterial culture protective against salmonella typhimurium cecal colonization in broiler chicks was derived utilizing a continuous-flow (cf) culture apparatus. chicks receiving the cf culture in combination with a diet containing dietary lactose were protected against cecal colonization by s. typhimurium. the culture consisted of a mixture of gram-positive and gram-negative facultative and strictly anaerobic bacteria. the isolates were identified as enterococcus avium, two strains of ... | 1993 | 8141728 |
| spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in an adult patient with nephrotic syndrome. | most cases of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (sbp) in association with nephrotic syndrome are children. the complication of sbp in adults with nephrotic syndrome is extremely rare. herein, we report a 25-year-old man with nephrotic syndrome and chronic renal failure who suffered from sbp. citrobacter freundii was isolated from ascites. irreversible deterioration of renal function followed the development of sbp, though the peritonitis was cured with antibiotic treatment. this case suggests th ... | 1993 | 8142677 |
| in-vitro activities of cefepime against enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens, pseudomonas aeruginosa and other aerobic gram-negative bacilli. | infections caused by resistant bacterial pathogens such as citrobacter freundii, enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens and pseudomonas aeruginosa have become an increasing problem with respect to therapy in large medical centres in korea. the mics of cefepime for aerobic gram-negative bacilli isolated during 1991, mostly from in-patients in a hospital in seoul, were determined by the agar dilution method and compared with those of several other antimicrobials. of the agents tested, cefepime ... | 1993 | 8150765 |
| in-vitro activity of cefepime and other antimicrobials: survey of european isolates. | cefepime, a new cephalosporin which has a broad-spectrum of activity was tested in vitro against 1961 gram-positive and gram-negative clinical isolates obtained from european hospitals. cefepime was highly active against gram-negative organisms, inhibiting over 94% of strains tested. the overall susceptibility rate for cefepime against all isolates was 81%. cefepime was more active than any of the third-generation cephalosporins tested against species capable of producing type i beta-lactamases, ... | 1993 | 8150766 |
| [coexisting respiratory tract infection and bacteremia or sepsis caused by the same bacterium]. | we experienced 12 patients who were suffering from bacteremia or sepsis and pneumonia or lung abscess coincidently caused by the same bacterium, during the 8 years from 1985 to 1992 a hokusyo central hospital. all of them has some underlying diseases, and the average age was 73.6 years old. in ten out of 12 patients bacteremia or sepsis preceded the respiratory tract infection, and in 7 cases indwelling intravenous catheter was thought to be the port of entry of the bacteria. respiratory tract i ... | 1994 | 8151148 |
| multipoint identification of enterobacteriaceae: report of the british society for microbial technology collaborative study. | to evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of multipoint identification schemes in a multicentre trial. | 1993 | 8157751 |
| cloning and analysis of translational control for genes encoding the cfr9i restriction-modification system. | the complete type-ii cfr9i restriction-modification (r-m) system of citrobacter freundii strain rfl9, recognizing the dna sequence cccggg, has been cloned and expressed, and functionally active enzymes have been produced in escherichia coli. both the methyltransferase (mtase; m.cfr9i) and restriction endonuclease (enase; r.cfr9i) were found to be encoded on a 2.3-kb cloned fragment in the same transcriptional orientation, but differing in translational phases. the last codon (underlined) (atga) ... | 1994 | 8163180 |
| characterization of the c-terminal domains of intimin-like proteins of enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli, citrobacter freundii, and hafnia alvei. | surface proteins called intimins (int), which are homologous to the invasin protein (inv) of yersinia spp., play a role in inducing brush border damage, termed attachment and effacement, which follows infection by enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli, citrobacter freundii biotype 4280, and hafnia alvei. maltose-binding protein (mbp) fusions containing the c-terminal 280 amino acids of int-like proteins of strains of enteropathogenic e. coli, enterohemorrhagic e. coli, h. alvei ... | 1994 | 8168946 |
| [nationwide survey on susceptibilities of clinical isolates from urinary tract to antimicrobial agents in japan, 1991]. | this study was conducted to investigate susceptibilities of urinary tract isolates to antimicrobial agents examined at 123 hospital laboratories in japan from september to december in 1991. in this study, identification and susceptibility testing were carried out at each laboratory. the susceptibility testing was performed according to the disk diffusion method recommended by national committee for clinical laboratory standards. mrsa showed high resistance rates to all agents tested except to mi ... | 1994 | 8182896 |
| rapid emergence of quinolone resistance in cirrhotic patients treated with norfloxacin to prevent spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. | we carried out quantitative culturing of stools from 31 hospitalized alcoholic patients with cirrhosis and ascites, before treatment with 400 mg of norfloxacin per day, weekly for the first month, and then every 2 weeks thereafter for 15 to 229 days (median, 54 days). members of the family enterobacteriaceae virtually disappeared from the stools (< 10(2)/g), but treatment had little effect on enterococci. no selection of resistant organisms occurred in 15 patients, but the remaining 16 patients ... | 1994 | 8192461 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of fk037, a new parenteral cephalosporin. | in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of fk037, a new parenteral cephalosporin, were compared with those of cefpirome, ceftazidime and flomoxef. the advantages of in vitro activity of fk037 were as follows: (1) a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, (2) the most potent activity (mic90: 25 micrograms/ml) of the cephalosporins tested against highly methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (h-mrsa), (3) a strong activity against enterobacter spp. and citrobacter freundii resistant to t ... | 1994 | 8205935 |
| multicenter comparison of in vitro activities of fk-037, cefepime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and cefuroxime. | in a multicenter study, the mics of fk-037 for 90% of the strains tested (mic90s) were < or = 1 microgram/ml for members of the family enterobacteriaceae other than citrobacter freundii, enterobacter spp., and serratia marcescens. activity against pseudomonas aeruginosa was variable, with a mic50 and a mic90 of 4 and 32 micrograms/ml, respectively. relative to cefepime, however, fk-037 was less active against ceftazidime-resistant isolates of enterobacter cloacae. the mic90 of fk-037 for methici ... | 1993 | 8215286 |
| binding of phenol and analogues to alanine complexes of tyrosine phenol-lyase from citrobacter freundii: implications for the mechanisms of alpha,beta-elimination and alanine racemization. | we have examined the interaction of citrobacter freundii tyrosine phenol-lyase with both l- and d-alanine. this enzyme catalyzes the racemization of alanine as a side reaction, in addition to the physiological beta-elimination of l-tyrosine to give phenol and ammonium pyruvate. the steady-state kinetic parameters for alanine racemization, kcat and km, for d-alanine are 0.008 s-1 and 32 mm, respectively, while those for l-alanine are 0.03 s-1 and 11 mm. incubation of tyrosine phenol-lyase with ei ... | 1993 | 8218227 |
| use of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the detection of aaca genes encoding aminoglycoside-6'-n-acetyltransferases in reference strains and gram-negative clinical isolates from two belgium hospitals. | genes encoding aminoglycoside 6'-n-acetyltransferases, were identified using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). four sets of primers delineating dna fragments of 209 bp, 250 bp, 260 bp and 347 bp, specific for the four known aaca genes, and probes within these fragments, were constructed based on the nucleotide sequences of the aaca genes. the specificity of the primers was evaluated using reference strains encoding various aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes. the primers reacted with their corre ... | 1993 | 8226413 |
| ampg, a signal transducer in chromosomal beta-lactamase induction. | the chromosomal ampc beta-lactamase in citrobacter freundii and enterobacter cloacae is inducible by beta-lactam antibiotics. when an inducible ampc gene is introduced on a plasmid into escherichia coli together with its transcriptional regulator ampr, the plasmid-borne beta-lactamase is still inducible. we have isolated mutants, containing alterations in a novel e. coli gene, ampg, in which a cloned c. freundii ampc gene is unable to respond to beta-lactam inducers. the ampg gene was cloned, se ... | 1993 | 8231804 |
| an outbreak of gram-negative bacteremia traced to contaminated o-rings in reprocessed dialyzers. | to investigate an outbreak of gram-negative bacteremia in an outpatient hemodialysis unit and to identify the source of contaminating bacteria and the route by which bacteria gained access to the bloodstream. | 1993 | 8239225 |
| classification of citrobacteria by dna hybridization: designation of citrobacter farmeri sp. nov., citrobacter youngae sp. nov., citrobacter braakii sp. nov., citrobacter werkmanii sp. nov., citrobacter sedlakii sp. nov., and three unnamed citrobacter genomospecies. | dna relatedness studies (hydroxyapatite method) were done on 112 strains of citrobacteria. by using the recommended definition of a genomospecies 11 genomospecies were identified in the genus citrobacter. these genomospecies were separable by their biochemical profiles. citrobacter koseri (citrobacter diversus) and citrobacter amalonaticus proved to be homogeneous species, as previously described. c. amalonaticus biogroup 1, as described by farmer et al. (j. clin. microbiol. 21:46-76, 1985), was ... | 1993 | 8240948 |
| structural characterization of gangliosides from resting and endotoxin-stimulated murine b lymphocytes. | b lymphocytes from cba/j mice were stimulated in splenocyte cultures for 72 h with various endotoxins. bisphosphoryl lipid a from escherichia coli had the highest stimulatory effect followed by lps of citrobacter freundii and salmonella minnesota as measured by [3h]thymidine uptake. gangliosides of stimulated b cells (metabolically labeled with d-[1-14c]galactose and d-[1-14c]glucosamine) and unlabeled gangliosides from resting b cells (prepared from spleens without stimulus) were analyzed by hi ... | 1993 | 8251488 |
| [antimicrobial activity of cefodizime against fresh clinical isolates]. | in order evaluate antimicrobial activities of cefodizime (cdzm), minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic's) of cdzm and other control drugs were determined against various clinical isolates, that were sent to our center from nation-wide medical institutions or were isolated and identified in our laboratory from various specimens of infected patients. the followings are a summary of the results: 1. bacterial species with no or few strains resistant to cephems including cdzm included streptococcus ... | 1993 | 8254888 |
| oligonucleotide probe determination of tetracycline-resistant bacteria isolated from catfish ponds. | oligonucleotide probes for class a, b and c tetracycline resistance determinants were synthesized and tested individually and in combination for hybridization with gram-negative isolates previously characterized by restriction fragment dna probes. similar hybridization patterns were observed with either probe type. gram-negative catfish pond bacteria were characterized by these oligonucleotide probes. the most common bacteria were plesiomonas shigelloides (47.7%), aeromonas hydrophila (28.8%) an ... | 1993 | 8264667 |
| [clonal spreading of a multidrug resistance citrobacter freundii strain at a neonatal intensive care unit]. | this paper reports on the epidemic spreading of a multiresistant citrobacter (c.) freundii strain at a neonatal intensive care unit. a premature baby of the 27th week of pregnancy died from septic shock caused by this strain. according to the result of a statistical analysis of risk factors a connection between the colonization of neonates and the feeding with an enteral feeding tube was probably. this suspicion could be confirmed by the detection of the multiresistant strain in the infant formu ... | 1993 | 8267838 |
| dependence of induction of enterobacterial ampc beta-lactamase on cell-wall peptidoglycan, as demonstrated in proteus mirabilis and its wall-less protoplast l-form. | the mobilizable plasmid pmd101 (ampr, ampc) was constructed by inserting cloned ampc, the structural gene for the chromosomal ampc beta-lactamase of citrobacter freundii, and the closely linked ampr encoding the transcriptional regulator essential for enzyme induction, into the broad host-range plasmid pkt231. plasmid pmd101 was transconjugated into proteus mirabilis vi and its isogenic, cell-wall-less protoplast l-form lvi. ampc beta-lactamase was expressed constitutively from cloned ampr and a ... | 1993 | 8277255 |
| plasmid encoded beta-lactamases resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid produced by calf faecal coliforms. | two new plasmid encoded beta-lactamase enzymes produced by a strain of escherichia coli and a strain of citrobacter freundii isolated from calf faeces have been characterised. both enzymes were similar to tem-1 in terms of substrate and inhibition profiles and physical properties but differed from tem-1 in being far less susceptible to the beta-lactamase inhibitors clavulanic acid or tazobactam. in each case transfer of the plasmid e coli k12 rendered it clinically resistant to the combination o ... | 1993 | 8284502 |
| formation of vitamins by pure cultures of tempe moulds and bacteria during the tempe solid substrate fermentation. | the formation of water soluble vitamins (vitamin b12, vitamin b6, riboflavin, thiamine, nicotinic acid and nicotinamide) during the tempe solid substrate fermentation was investigated. the role of several strains of rhizopus oligosporus, r. arrhizus, and r. stolonifer and the role of several bacteria in the vitamin formation process were checked. all fungal and bacterial strains were isolated from indonesian tempe and soaking water samples. the rhizopus strains formed riboflavin, nicotinic acid, ... | 1993 | 8300444 |
| [ciprofloxacin resistance in gram negative bacilli. epidemiologic aspects]. | the aim of the present was to study the resistance to ciprofloxacin (cip) in gram negative bacilli (april 1990-march 1992) and to determine the temporary distribution of the resistant strains by species, samples and departments. | 1993 | 8305553 |
| cloning and sequences of the genes encoding the cfrbi restriction-modification system from citrobacter freundii. | the genes encoding the cfrbi restriction and modification (r-m) systems from citrobacter freundii and recognizing the sequence 5'-ccwwgg-3' (w = a or t) were cloned in escherichia coli mcrbc- cells. the nucleotide (nt) sequences of the genes were determined. two large open reading frames were found. deletion analysis showed that one of them [1128 nt coding for 376 amino acids (aa)] corresponds to a methyltransferase (mtase)-encoding gene and the other (1065 nt coding for 355 aa) to a restriction ... | 1993 | 8335262 |
| unusual microtubule-dependent endocytosis mechanisms triggered by campylobacter jejuni and citrobacter freundii. | bacterial invasion of six different human epithelial cell lines showed that some strains of the intestinal pathogen campylobacter jejuni invaded intestinal cell lines at a level 10(2)-10(4) times higher than reported previously for other campylobacter strains. separately, urinary tract isolates of citrobacter freundii triggered a high-efficiency invasion of bladder cells. use of multiple inhibitors with known effects on eukaryotic cell structures/processes allowed us to define in these genetical ... | 1993 | 8341714 |
| emergence of antimicrobial resistance in gram-negative bacilli causing bacteremia during therapy. | treatment of serious infections caused by gram-negative bacilli with beta-lactam antimicrobial agents can induce class i beta-lactamase production. this phenomenon can result in resistant microorganisms, and has been postulated to be a cause of therapeutic failure. the charts of patients bacteremic with pseudomonas aeruginosa, serratia marcescens, enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, proteus vulgaris, and providencia species (n = 120) during a 3-year period were reviewed to determine how ... | 1993 | 8346736 |
| comparative in vitro activity of biapenem, a new carbapenem antibiotic. | biapenem is a new carbapenem antibiotic with high stability to human renal dehydropeptidase i. its in vitro activity was compared with that of imipenem, meropenem, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, piperacillin and gentamicin against a total of 650 recent clinical isolates. mics were determined by a standard agar dilution procedure and all isolates were tested at two inocula (10(4) and 10(6) cfu). biapenem inhibited 90% of isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgari ... | 1993 | 8354306 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of cp-70,429 a new penem antibiotic. | in in vitro susceptibility tests, the new penem cp-70,429 showed potent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria except pseudomonas aeruginosa and xanthomonas maltophilia. cp-70,429 was stable to various types of beta-lactamases except for the enzyme from x. maltophilia and was 16- to 128-fold more active than the other compounds against beta-lactamase-producing strains of enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii. | 1993 | 8363389 |
| resistance to third-generation cephalosporins in barbados. | resistance to third-generation, or extended-spectrum, cephalosporins caused by induction of class i beta-lactamases has been reported rarely from developing countries. seven isolates of cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative rods were recovered recently from urine, burns and ulcers in the queen elizabeth hospital, barbados. the isolates were identified as acinetobacter calcoaceticus (2), citrobacter freundii (1), enterobacter cloacae (1), morganella morganii (1), providencia stuartii (1) and prot ... | 1993 | 8367967 |
| copper-resistant enteric bacteria from united kingdom and australian piggeries. | thirty-three enteric isolates from australian (escherichia coli only) and united kingdom (u.k.) (salmonella sp., citrobacter spp., and e. coli) piggeries were characterized with respect to their copper resistance. the copper resistance phenotypes of four new australian e. coli isolates were comparable with that of the previously studied e. coli k-12 strain ed8739(prj1004), in that the resistance level in rich media was high (up to 18 mm cuso4) and resistance was inducible. copper resistance was ... | 1993 | 8368840 |
| the bacteriophage mu middle operon: essential and nonessential functions. | transcription during the bacteriophage mu lytic cycle occurs in three phases: early, middle, and late. previous dna sequence analysis of the middle operon revealed five potential open reading frames (orfs) with lengths of 39, 42, 72, 120, and 140 amino acids. the distal 140-amino-acid orf encodes c, the activator of late transcription. expression of the middle operon under the control of a t7 promoter and t7 rna polymerase resulted in production of two polypeptides of 15 (orf 120) and 16.5 kda ( ... | 1993 | 8372443 |
| sequences of wild-type and mutant ampd genes of citrobacter freundii and enterobacter cloacae. | the ampd gene product regulates the expression of ampc beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria and is proposed to be involved in peptidoglycan metabolism. in this study, we sequenced the ampd wild type and three mutant genes of enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii. they exhibited a high degree of homology with the corresponding gene of escherichia coli except in the carboxy termini, where, in the wild-type genes of e. cloacae and c. freundii, four additional amino acids yielding the se ... | 1993 | 8383940 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of a gene (pchr) encoding an arac family activator of pyochelin and ferripyochelin receptor synthesis in pseudomonas aeruginosa. | pseudomonas aeruginosa k372 is deficient in the production of both the 75-kda ferripyochelin receptor protein and pyochelin. a 1.8-kb ecori-sali fragment which restored production of both the receptor protein and pyochelin was cloned. nucleotide sequencing of the fragment revealed an open reading frame of 888 bp, designated pchr (pyochelin), capable of encoding a 296-amino-acid protein of a 32,339-da molecular mass. by using a phage t7-based expression system, a protein of ca. 32 kda was produce ... | 1993 | 8397186 |
| the eae gene of citrobacter freundii biotype 4280 is necessary for colonization in transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. | transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia is characterized by proliferation of anchored stem cells in the mucosa of the descending colon of laboratory mice and is caused by citrobacter freundii biotype 4280. this bacterium produces attaching and effacing lesions in the descending colon prior to the onset of gross hyperplasia. by mutational analysis, the chromosomal eae gene of c. freundii biotype 4280 was shown to be necessary for colonic colonization. conversely, bacteria cured of a 65-kb plasmi ... | 1993 | 8406863 |
| [nose and throat carriage in "food handlers"]. | from december 1991 to february 1992, 450 personnel have been investigated for pathogen microorganisms in their nose and throat. the study was performed in the infectious diseases section of gülhane military medical academy. pathogen microorganisms have been isolated from 54 nose culture (12%) and 6 throat culture (1.33%). in one person pathogen microorganisms have been isolated from his nose and throat. the difference between the two groups (the nose and throat cultures) was significant at p = 0 ... | 1993 | 8421445 |
| shiga-like toxin ii-related cytotoxins in citrobacter freundii strains from humans and beef samples. | by hybridizing colonies grown from 928 individual stool samples of patients suffering from diarrhea with oligonucleotide probes 772 and 849 complementary to shiga-like toxin i (slt-i) and slt-ii gene sequences, respectively, we identified two strains that hybridized with probe 849, which biochemical identification revealed as citrobacter freundii. an additional five slt-ii probe-positive isolates were screened from 81 beef samples. polymerase chain reaction analysis and restriction of amplified ... | 1993 | 8423084 |
| role of ser-238 and lys-240 in the hydrolysis of third-generation cephalosporins by shv-type beta-lactamases probed by site-directed mutagenesis and three-dimensional modeling. | a growing number of extended spectrum shv-type beta-lactamases capable of hydrolyzing third-generation cephalosporins such as cefotaxime and ceftazidime have been reported. these new enzymes differ by a few amino acids from shv-1, an enzyme incapable of hydrolyzing these drugs. two of these substitutions, gly-238-->ser and glu-240-->lys, are in a key beta-strand of the catalytic site of class a beta-lactamases. to understand the structural basis of these new activities, we first subcloned the dn ... | 1993 | 8429044 |
| interspecific plasmid transfer and modification of heat-stable enterotoxin expression by klebsiella pneumoniae from infants with diarrhea. | we have previously described two heat-stable enterotoxins (st) produced by citrobacter freundii and by klebsiella pneumoniae. to see whether transfer of toxigenic ability may occur between different bacterial species, conjugal mating experiments were performed using strains isolated from children. donors and recipients were incubated together. st production by the recipients was tested by the suckling mouse assay, which is the standard biologic method for detecting st, and also by an elisa test. ... | 1993 | 8433897 |
| analysis of 7-substituted sialic acid in some enterobacterial lipopolysaccharides. | sialic acid-containing lipopolysaccharides (lps) were isolated from six bacterial strains of the family enterobacteriaceae. sialic acid was released from permethylated lps by methanolysis, and partially o-methylated n-acetyl-n-methyl-neuraminic acid methyl ester methyl glycosides were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography-electron ionization mass spectrometry. it was proved that all lps contain n-acetylneuraminic acid (neuac). the occurrence of 7-substituted neuac in escherichia coli serotypes o ... | 1993 | 8444811 |
| in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of fk-037, a parenteral cephalosporin. | the in vitro activity of fk-037, 5-amino-2-[[(6r, 7r)-7-[[(z)-2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2- methoxyimino) acetyl] amino]-2-carboxy-8-oxo-5-thia-1- azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-3-yl]methyl]-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1h-pyrazoli um hydroxide, inner salt, sulfate (1:1), a new parenteral cephem, was compared with those of cefepime, ceftazidime, imipenem, and ciprofloxacin. fk-037 inhibited methicillin-susceptible staphylocci at < or = 4 micrograms/ml. of 98 isolates of homogenous methicillin-resistant staphyloco ... | 1993 | 8460925 |
| overproduction, solubilization, purification and dna-binding properties of ampr from citrobacter freundii. | ampr belongs to the lysr family of prokaryotic dna-binding transcriptional regulators and controls induction of the enterobacterial ampc beta-lactamase gene. the ampr gene of citrobacter freundii was deregulated by employing the polymerase chain reaction to introduce an efficient ribosome-binding sequence and suitable restriction enzyme sites for cloning into a chemically inducible tac-promoter expression vector. when induced in escherichia coli, the modified ampr gene rapidly overproduced the a ... | 1993 | 8477712 |
| attaching and effacing locus of a citrobacter freundii biotype that causes transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. | citrobacter freundii biotype 4280 produces attaching and effacing (ae) lesions in the large intestine of laboratory mice and is the causative agent of transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. ae lesions are also produced by enteropathogenic escherichia coli in humans. southern analysis revealed that biotype 4280, but not 20 other strains of c. freundii, contained dna homologous to the eae (e. coli attaching and effacing) gene which is necessary for ae activity by enteropathogenic e. coli in vit ... | 1993 | 8500884 |
| molecular epidemiology of ceftazidime resistant enterobacteriaceae from patients on a paediatric oncology ward. | between the autumn of 1989 and january 1990, 21 of the 44 children on the paediatric oncology ward of st. james's university hospital, leeds, uk were infected or colonised with enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. this represents 48% of the patients on the ward. only six patients (14%) had microbiologically proven septicaemia caused by such bacteria during this period. eighty-one isolates of enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases derived from bl ... | 1995 | 8537285 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1990). i. susceptibility distribution]. | the frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 848 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 10 hospitals during the period of june 1990 to may 1991. of the above total bacterial isolates, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 23.9% and a majority of them were enterococcus faecalis. gram-negative bacteria accounted for 76.1% and most of them were escherichia coli. 1. enterococcus faecalis: ampicillin (abpc), imipenem ... | 1995 | 8544334 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1991). i. susceptibility distribution]. | the frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 751 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 11 hospitals during the period of june 1991 to may 1992. of the above total bacterial isolates, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 28.6% and a majority of them were enterococcus faecalis. gram-negative bacteria accounted for 71.4% and most of them were escherichia coli. 1. enterococcus faecalis ampicillin (abpc), imipenem ( ... | 1995 | 8544337 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1992). i. susceptibility distribution]. | the frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 732 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 11 hospitals during the period of june 1992 to may 1993. of the above total bacterial isolates, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 35.4% and a majority of them were enterococcus faecalis. gram-negative bacteria accounted for 64.6% and most of them were escherichia coli. 1. enterococcus faecalis ampicillin (abpc), imipenem ( ... | 1995 | 8558754 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1993). i. susceptibility distribution]. | the frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 657 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 10 hospitals during the period of june 1993 to may 1994. of the above total bacterial isolates, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 28.3% and a majority of them were enterococcus faecalis. gram-negative bacteria accounted for 71.7% and most of them were escherichia coli. 1. enterococcus faecalis ampicillin (abpc), imipenem ( ... | 1995 | 8558757 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence of a gene upstream of the eaea gene of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7. | a dna segment located immediately upstream of the eaea gene of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 strain ha1 was cloned and sequenced. this segment contained an open reading frame encoding a predicted protein of 156 amino acids. a database search identified similar open reading frames upstream of the eaea gene in two other bacterial pathogens, i.e. enteropathogenic e. coli and citrobacter freundii. the predicted amino acid sequence of the enterohemorrhagic e. coli protein shared 96.8% an ... | 1995 | 8566710 |
| crystal structure of citrobacter freundii restriction endonuclease cfr10i at 2.15 a resolution. | the x-ray crystal structure of citrobacter freundii restriction endonuclease cfr10i has been determined at a resolution of 2.15 a by multiple isomorphous replacement methods and refined to an r-factor of 19.64%. the structure of cfr10i represents the first structure of a restriction endonuclease recognizing a degenerated nucleotide sequence. structural comparison of cfr10i with previously solved structures of other restriction enzymes suggests that recognition of specific sequence occurs through ... | 1996 | 8568865 |
| dna sequence differences of ampd mutants of citrobacter freundii. | three groups of mutants with increased levels of beta-lactamase synthesis were selected from citrobacter freundii 382010 by beta-lactam antibiotics at concentrations just above the mic. uninduced cultures of the hyperinducible group had 3- to 5-fold more beta-lactamase activity than the parent strain, with one mutant (termed type b) expressing 19 times the activity of the parent strain; the partially derepressed group had a relative 55-fold increase, while fully derepressed strains exhibited a 4 ... | 1995 | 8585732 |
| [antimicrobial activities of cefepime against clinically isolated strains]. | in order to evaluate antimicrobial activity of cefepime (cfpm), minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of cfpm and other drugs were determined against clinical isolates that were obtained in 1994. 1. cfpm showed a wide antibacterial spectrum against staphylococcus spp. and glucose non-fermentative gram-negative rods ((g)nf-gnr). antimicrobial activities of cfpm against staphylococcus spp. were stronger than those of ceftazidime (caz) and somewhat stronger than those of cefotaxime (ctx), and an ... | 1995 | 8587165 |
| the relationship between antecedent antibiotic use and resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in group i beta-lactamase-producing organisms. | gram-negative pathogens are increasingly resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (escs). using a prospective, case-controlled observational study, we examined the prevalence and the risk factors for development of resistance to escs in group i beta-lactamase-producing organisms. of the 386 isolates of enterobacter species, pseudomonas aeruginosa, citrobacter species, and serratia marsescens from 340 consecutive patients, 70 (18.1%) were resistant to escs; the highest rates of resistance we ... | 1995 | 8589129 |
| in vitro antibacterial properties of t-5575 and t-5578 novel parenteral 2-carboxypenams. | t-5575 and t-5578, novel 2-carboxypenams in which a carboxyl group has been introduced into the c-2 beta position of the nucleus, were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial properties. the spectrum of activity of t-5575 was similar to that of aztreonam. however, it showed stronger activities than those of aztreonam against most gram-negative bacteria. t-5575 also showed potent activities against isolates of enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, and pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to ... | 1995 | 8593021 |
| structure of the o-specific polysaccharide chain of citrobacter freundii o28,1c lipopolysaccharide. | 1995 | 8593629 |