Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| contrasting response of biomass and grain yield to severe drought in cappelle desprez and plainsman v wheat cultivars. | we report a case study of natural variations and correlations of some photosynthetic parameters, green biomass and grain yield in cappelle desprez and plainsman v winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars, which are classified as being drought sensitive and tolerant, respectively. we monitored biomass accumulation from secondary leaves in the vegetative phase and grain yield from flag leaves in the grain filling period. interestingly, we observed higher biomass production, but lower grain yi ... | 2016 | 27047703 |
| genetic diversity, population structure, and linkage disequilibrium in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) gene pool was analyzed with 117 microsatellite markers scattered throughout a, b, and d genomes. ninety microsatellite markers were giving 1620 polymorphic alleles in 55 different bread wheat genotypes. these genotypes were found to be divided into three subgroups based on bayesian model and principal component analysis. the highest polymorphism information content value for the markers resides on a genome was estimated for wmc262 marker located on 4a chromosom ... | 2016 | 27048293 |
| gaseous pollutants from brick kiln industry decreased the growth, photosynthesis, and yield of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | gaseous pollutant emissions from brick kiln industries deteriorate the current state of ambient air quality in pakistan and worldwide. these gaseous pollutants affect the health of plants and may decrease plant growth and yield. a field experiment that was conducted to monitor the concentration of gaseous pollutants emitted mainly from brick kilns in the ambient air and associated impacts on the growth and physiological attributes of the two wheat (triticum spp.) cultivars. plants were grown at ... | 2016 | 27048492 |
| molecular mapping of stripe rust resistance gene yr76 in winter club wheat cultivar tyee. | tyee, one of the wheat cultivars used to differentiate races of puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in the united states, was identified to have a single gene for all-stage resistance, tentatively named yrtye. to map the gene, tyee was crossed with 'avocet susceptible' (avs). genetic analysis of the f1, f2, f2:3, and bc1 progenies confirmed a single dominant gene for resistance to race pstv-37 that is avirulent to yrtye. a mapping population of 135 f2 plants was phenotyped with pstv-37 and the d ... | 2016 | 27050567 |
| allelic variation in developmental genes and effects on winter wheat heading date in the u.s. great plains. | heading date in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and other small grain cereals is affected by the vernalization and photoperiod pathways. the reduced-height loci also have an effect on growth and development. heading date, which occurs just prior to anthesis, was evaluated in a population of 299 hard winter wheat entries representative of the u.s. great plains region, grown in nine environments during 2011-2012 and 2012-2013. the germplasm was evaluated for candidate genes at vernalization (vrn-a1, ... | 0 | 27058239 |
| rich haplotypes of viviparous-1 in triticum aestivum subsp. spelta with different abscisic acid sensitivities. | viviparous-1 (vp-1) is a major gene affecting pre-harvest sprouting (phs) in common wheat, and improving phs tolerance is a crucial factor for wheat breeding. spelt wheat is always used as the donor parent to improve resistance and quality in wheat breeding: however, the roles of the vp-1 genes in spelt wheat and their relationship to common wheat remain uncertain. the current study aimed to isolate and characterise vp-1 haplotypes in spelt wheat (triticum aestivum subsp. spelta). | 2017 | 27060998 |
| the stay-green phenotype of tanam-rnai wheat plants is associated with maintenance of chloroplast structure and high enzymatic antioxidant activity. | tanam transcription factors play an important role in controlling senescence, which in turn, influences the delivery of nitrogen, iron and other elements to the grain of wheat (triticum aestivum) plants, thus contributing to grain nutritional value. while lack or diminished expression of tanams determines a stay-green phenotype, the precise effect of these factors on chloroplast structure has not been studied. in this work we focused on the events undergone by chloroplasts in two wheat lines hav ... | 2016 | 27061370 |
| cadmium minimization in wheat: a critical review. | cadmium (cd) accumulation in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and its subsequent transfer to food chain is a major environmental issue worldwide. understanding wheat response to cd stress and its management for aiming to reduce cd uptake and accumulation in wheat may help to improve wheat growth and grain quality. this paper reviewed the toxic effects, tolerance mechanisms, and management of cd stress in wheat. it was concluded that cd decreased germination, growth, mineral nutrients, photosynthesis ... | 2016 | 27062345 |
| predicting pre-planting risk of stagonospora nodorum blotch in winter wheat using machine learning models. | pre-planting factors have been associated with the late-season severity of stagonospora nodorum blotch (snb), caused by the fungal pathogen parastagonospora nodorum, in winter wheat (triticum aestivum). the relative importance of these factors in the risk of snb has not been determined and this knowledge can facilitate disease management decisions prior to planting of the wheat crop. in this study, we examined the performance of multiple regression (mr) and three machine learning algorithms name ... | 2016 | 27064542 |
| spatial and temporal variation of cultivable communities of co-occurring endophytes and pathogens in wheat. | the aim of this work was to investigate the diversity of endogenous microbes from wheat (triticum aestivum) and to study the structure of its microbial communities, with the ultimate goal to provide candidate strains for future evaluation as potential biological control agents against wheat diseases. we sampled plants from two wheat cultivars, apache and caphorn, showing different levels of susceptibility to fusarium head blight, a major disease of wheat, and tested for variation in microbial di ... | 2016 | 27065969 |
| differential activation of the wheat snrk2 family by abiotic stresses. | plant responses to stress occur via abscisic acid (aba) dependent or independent pathways. sucrose non-fermenting1-related protein kinase 2 (snrk2) play a key role in plant stress signal transduction pathways. it is known that some snrk2 members are positive regulators of aba signal transduction through interaction with group a type 2c protein phosphatases (pp2cs). here, 10 snrk2s were isolated from wheat. based on phylogenetic analysis using kinase domains or the c-terminus, the 10 snrk2s were ... | 2016 | 27066054 |
| genomic selection across multiple breeding cycles in applied bread wheat breeding. | we evaluated genomic selection across five breeding cycles of bread wheat breeding. bias of within-cycle cross-validation and methods for improving the prediction accuracy were assessed. the prospect of genomic selection has been frequently shown by cross-validation studies using the same genetic material across multiple environments, but studies investigating genomic selection across multiple breeding cycles in applied bread wheat breeding are lacking. we estimated the prediction accuracy of gr ... | 2016 | 27067826 |
| a disulphide isomerase gene (pdi-v) from haynaldia villosa contributes to powdery mildew resistance in common wheat. | in this study, we report the contribution of a pdi-like gene from wheat wild relative haynaldia villosa in combating powdery mildew. pdi-v protein contains two conserved thioredoxin (trx) active domains (a and a') and an inactive domain (b). pdi-v interacted with e3 ligase cmpg1-v protein, which is a positive regulator of powdery mildew response. pdi-v was mono-ubiquitinated by cmpg1-v without degradation being detected. pdi-v was located on h. villosa chromosome 5v and encoded for a protein loc ... | 2016 | 27071705 |
| analysis on the transcriptome information of two different wheat mutants and identification of salt-induced differential genes. | this study established a wheat transcriptome library using rh8706-49 and rh8706-34. salt-induced differential genes were screened by illumina rna sequencing (rna-seq). five differential genes were chosen to study the functions by combining transcript sequencing result and gene chip. the expression changes of these five differential genes were analyzed using real-time quantitative pcr (qrt-pcr) technique to determine the reliability and accuracy of transcriptome sequencing and transplanted into a ... | 2016 | 27074578 |
| seed coating with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as an ecotechnologicalapproach for sustainable agricultural production of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the exploitation of arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi has become of great interest in agriculture due to their potential roles in reducing the need for agrochemicals, while improving plant growth and nutrition. nevertheless, the application of am fungi by dispersing inocula in granular form to open agricultural fields is not feasible because nontargeted spreading of inocula over large surface areas results in high cost per plant. seed coating has the potential to significantly reduce the amount ... | 2016 | 27077274 |
| isolation and identification of potential allelochemicals from aerial parts of avena fatua l. and their allelopathic effect on wheat. | five compounds (syringic acid, tricin, acacetin, syringoside, and diosmetin) were isolated from the aerial parts of wild oats (avena fatua l.) using chromatography columns of silica gel and sephadex lh-20. their chemical structures were identified by means of electrospray ionization and high-resolution mass spectrometry as well as (1)h and (13)c nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analyses. bioassays showed that the five compounds had significant allelopathic effects on the germination and ... | 2016 | 27079356 |
| the cold-induced defensin tad1 confers resistance against snow mold and fusarium head blight in transgenic wheat. | tad1 (triticum aestivum defensin 1) is induced during cold acclimation in winter wheat and encodes a plant defensin with antimicrobial activity. in this study, we demonstrated that recombinant tad1 protein inhibits hyphal growth of the snow mold fungus, typhula ishikariensis in vitro. transgenic wheat plants overexpressing tad1 were created and tested for resistance against t. ishikariensis. leaf inoculation assays revealed that overexpression of tad1 confers resistance against the snow mold. in ... | 2016 | 27080445 |
| the inheritance of wheat grain longevity: a comparison between induced and natural ageing. | seed longevity is an important trait for both ex situ genebanks and the seed industry. it is partially determined by genetic factors, but is also dependent on the environmental conditions experienced by the mother plant during seed maturation, as well as those imposed during the post-harvest and storage periods. for practical reasons, the variation in longevity has repeatedly been analysed by treating fresh seed to various induced ageing protocols, but the extent to which these procedures mimic ... | 2016 | 27085344 |
| abscisic acid metabolic genes of wheat (triticum aestivum l.): identification and insights into their functionality in seed dormancy and dehydration tolerance. | the three homeologues of wheat nced2 were identified; the wheat nced2a and cyp707a1b affect seed aba level and dormancy but not leaf aba level and transpirational water loss in arabidopsis. biosynthesis and catabolism of abscisic acid (aba) in plants are primarily regulated by 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenases (nceds) and aba 8'-hydroxylase (aba8'oh), respectively. the present study identified the complete coding sequences of a second nced gene, designated as tanced2, and its homeologues (tance ... | 2016 | 27091738 |
| proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis reveals the response and defense mechanism in leaves of diploid wheat t. monococcum under salt stress and recovery. | salinity is a major abiotic stress factor affecting crops production and productivity. triticum monococcum is closely related to triticum urartu (a(u)a(u)), which is used as a model plant of wheat a genome study. here, salt stress induced dynamic proteome and phosphoproteome profiling was focused. the t. monococcum seedlings were initially treated with different concentrations of nacl ranging from 80 to 320mm for 48h followed by a recovery process for 48h prior to proteomic and phosphoproteomic ... | 2016 | 27095598 |
| effects of enhancing soil organic carbon sequestration in the topsoil by fertilization on crop productivity and stability: evidence from long-term experiments with wheat-maize cropping systems in china. | although organic carbon sequestration in agricultural soils has been recommended as a 'win-win strategy' for mitigating climate change and ensuring food security, great uncertainty still remains in identifying the relationships between soil organic carbon (soc) sequestration and crop productivity. using data from 17 long-term experiments in china we determined the effects of fertilization strategies on soc stocks at 0-20cm depth in the north, north east, north west and south. the impacts of chan ... | 2016 | 27100005 |
| potential implications of climate change on aegilops species distribution: sympatry of these crop wild relatives with the major european crop triticum aestivum and conservation issues. | gene flow from crop to wild relatives is a common phenomenon which can lead to reduced adaptation of the wild relatives to natural ecosystems and/or increased adaptation to agrosystems (weediness). with global warming, wild relative distributions will likely change, thus modifying the width and/or location of co-occurrence zones where crop-wild hybridization events could occur (sympatry). this study investigates current and 2050 projected changes in sympatry levels between cultivated wheat and s ... | 2016 | 27100790 |
| rhizosphere priming effect on soil organic carbon decomposition under plant species differing in soil acidification and root exudation. | effects of rhizosphere properties on the rhizosphere priming effect (rpe) are unknown. this study aimed to link species variation in rpe with plant traits and rhizosphere properties. four c3 species (chickpea, cicer arietinum; field pea, pisum sativum; wheat, triticum aestivum; and white lupin, lupinus albus) differing in soil acidification and root exudation, were grown in a c4 soil. the co2 released from soil was trapped using a newly developed naoh-trapping system. white lupin and wheat showe ... | 2016 | 27101777 |
| a qtl on the short arm of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) chromosome 3b affects the stability of grain weight in plants exposed to a brief heat shock early in grain filling. | molecular markers and knowledge of traits associated with heat tolerance are likely to provide breeders with a more efficient means of selecting wheat varieties able to maintain grain size after heat waves during early grain filling. | 2016 | 27101979 |
| characterization of a hypoallergenic wheat line lacking ω-5 gliadin. | there is no curative treatment for wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (wdeia). ω-5 gliadin is one of the dominant allergens affecting wdeia patients. the use of ω-5 gliadin-free wheat flour in the regular diet is considered one of the prophylactic approaches against the elicitation of allergic symptoms and sensitization to ω-5 gliadin. we sought to find hypoallergenic bread wheat (or common wheat) that lacked the genes encoding ω-5 gliadin and to evaluate its in vitro allergenicity. we ... | 2016 | 27103182 |
| tabhlh1, a bhlh-type transcription factor gene in wheat, improves plant tolerance to pi and n deprivation via regulation of nutrient transporter gene transcription and ros homeostasis. | basic helix-loop-helix (bhlh) transcription factors (tfs) comprise a large tf family and act as crucial regulators in various biological processes in plants. here, we report the functional characterization of tabhlh1, a bhlh tf member in wheat (triticum aestivum). tabhlh1 shares conserved bhlh domain and targets to nucleus with transactivation activity. upon pi and n deprivation, the expression of tabhlh1 was up-regulated in roots and leaves, showing a pattern to be gradually increased within 23 ... | 2016 | 27107183 |
| occurrence and distribution of organophosphorus esters in soils and wheat plants in a plastic waste treatment area in china. | this study for the first time reported the occurrence, distribution and concentrations of organophosphate esters (opes) in soils caused by plastic waste treatment, as well as their influence on ope accumulation in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). eight opes were detected with the total concentrations of 38-1250 ng/g dry weight in the soils from the treatment sites, and tributoxyethyl phosphate and tri(2-chloroethyl) phosphate present as the dominant opes. there were similar distribution patterns of ... | 2016 | 27107259 |
| considering causal genes in the genetic dissection of kernel traits in common wheat. | genetic factors controlling thousand-kernel weight (tkw) were characterized for their association with other seed traits, including kernel width, kernel length, ratio of kernel width to kernel length (kw/kl), kernel area, and spike number per m2 (sn). for this purpose, a genetic map was established utilizing a doubled haploid population derived from a cross between german winter wheat cultivars pamier and format. association studies in a diversity panel of elite cultivars supplemented genetic an ... | 2016 | 27108336 |
| enantioselective separation of 4,8-dht and phytotoxicity of the enantiomers on various plant species. | as a candidate for bioherbicide, 4,8-dihydroxy-1-tetralone (4,8-dht) was isolated from caryospora callicarpa epicarp and its two enantiomers, s-(+)-isosclerone and r-(-)-regiolone, were separated by chiral high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) on a chiralcel od column with chiral stationary phase (csp)-coated cellulose-tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate). then, the phytotoxicity of 4,8-dht and its enantiomers toward the seeds germination and seedling growth of the five tested plant species ... | 2016 | 27110760 |
| de novo centromere formation and centromeric sequence expansion in wheat and its wide hybrids. | centromeres typically contain tandem repeat sequences, but centromere function does not necessarily depend on these sequences. we identified functional centromeres with significant quantitative changes in the centromeric retrotransposons of wheat (crw) contents in wheat aneuploids (triticum aestivum) and the offspring of wheat wide hybrids. the crw signals were strongly reduced or essentially lost in some wheat ditelosomic lines and in the addition lines from the wide hybrids. the total loss of ... | 2016 | 27110907 |
| molecular characterization and global expression analysis of lectin receptor kinases in bread wheat (triticum aestivum). | lectin receptor kinases (lrks) play a critical role in plants during development and stress conditions, but a comprehensive analysis at genome level is still not carried out in triticum aestivum. herein, we performed the genome wide identification, characterization and expression analysis of these genes in t. aestivum (talrk). in-total 263 talrk genes were identified, which were further classified into three groups based on the nature of lectin domain. we identified, two talrks consisted of calc ... | 2016 | 27111449 |
| rapid cloning of disease-resistance genes in plants using mutagenesis and sequence capture. | wild relatives of domesticated crop species harbor multiple, diverse, disease resistance (r) genes that could be used to engineer sustainable disease control. however, breeding r genes into crop lines often requires long breeding timelines of 5-15 years to break linkage between r genes and deleterious alleles (linkage drag). further, when r genes are bred one at a time into crop lines, the protection that they confer is often overcome within a few seasons by pathogen evolution. if several cloned ... | 2016 | 27111722 |
| three tafar genes function in the biosynthesis of primary alcohols and the response to abiotic stresses in triticum aestivum. | cuticular waxes play crucial roles in protecting plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. they are complex mixtures of very-long-chain fatty acids and their derivatives, including c20-c32 fatty alcohols. here, we report the identification of 32 far-like genes and the detailed characterization of tafar2, tafar3 and tafar4, wax biosynthetic genes encoding fatty acyl-coenzyme a reductase (far) in wheat leaf cuticle. heterologous expression of the three tafars in wild-type yeast and mutated yeast ... | 2016 | 27112792 |
| development of marker genes for jasmonic acid signaling in shoots and roots of wheat. | the jasmonic acid (ja) signaling pathway plays key roles in a diverse array of plant development, reproduction, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. most of our understanding of the ja signaling pathway derives from the dicot model plant arabidopsis thaliana, while corresponding knowledge in wheat is somewhat limited. in this study, the expression of 41 genes implicated in the ja signaling pathway has been assessed on 10 day-old bread wheat seedlings, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after methyl-j ... | 2016 | 27115051 |
| the utility of flow sorting to identify chromosomes carrying a single copy transgene in wheat. | identification of transgene insertion sites in plant genomes has practical implications for crop breeding and is a stepping stone to analyze transgene function. however, single copy sequences are not always easy to localize in large plant genomes by standard approaches. | 2016 | 27118986 |
| genetic analysis of a novel broad-spectrum powdery mildew resistance gene from the wheat-agropyron cristatum introgression line pubing 74. | a novel broad-spectrum powdery mildew resistance gene pmpb74 was identified in wheat- agropyron cristatum introgression line pubing 74. development of wheat cultivars with broad-spectrum, durable resistance to powdery mildew has been restricted by lack of superior genetic resources. in this study, a wheat-a. cristatum introgression line pubing 74, originally selected from a wide cross between the common wheat cultivar fukuhokomugi (fukuho) and agropyron cristatum (l.) gaertn (2n = 4x = 28; genom ... | 2016 | 27125388 |
| environment and genotype effects on antioxidant properties of organically grown wheat varieties: a 3-year study. | wheat grain (triticum aestivum l.) possesses significant amounts of antioxidants that contribute to the dietary antiradical protection against a number of chronic diseases. despite the increasing interest in organic food among both consumers and scientists, the availability of literature studies concerning the environment effect under organic management is still scarce. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of wheat varieties by considering the genotype response to dif ... | 2017 | 27133233 |
| alleviation of salt stress by halotolerant and halophilic plant growth-promoting bacteria in wheat (triticum aestivum). | in the current study, 18 halotolerant and halophilic bacteria have been investigated for their plant growth promoting abilities in vitro and in a hydroponic culture. the bacterial strains have been investigated for ammonia, indole-3-acetic acid and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate-deaminase production, phosphate solubilisation and nitrogen fixation activities. of the tested bacteria, eight were inoculated with triticum aestivum in a hydroponic culture. the investigated bacterial strains were fo ... | 2017 | 27133557 |
| isolation and identification by 16s rrna sequence analysis of plant growth-promoting azospirilla from the rhizosphere of wheat. | the main objective of the present study was to isolate phytohormone-producing, phosphate-solubilizing strains of azospirillum from wheat to be used as inoculants for plant growth promotion. five azospirillum strains were isolated from the rhizosphere of field-grown wheat (triticum aestivum l.), and it was confirmed by box-polymerase chain reaction (pcr) that the isolates were different and not re-isolates of the same strain. sequence analysis of the pcr-amplified 16s rrna gene indicated that fou ... | 2016 | 27133558 |
| differential effector gene expression underpins epistasis in a plant fungal disease. | fungal effector-host sensitivity gene interactions play a key role in determining the outcome of septoria nodorum blotch disease (snb) caused by parastagonospora nodorum on wheat. the pathosystem is complex and mediated by interaction of multiple fungal necrotrophic effector-host sensitivity gene systems. three effector sensitivity gene systems are well characterized in this pathosystem; sntoxa-tsn1, sntox1-snn1 and sntox3-snn3. we tested a wheat mapping population that segregated for snn1 and s ... | 2016 | 27133896 |
| homeotic genes and the abcde model for floral organ formation in wheat. | floral organ formation has been the subject of intensive study for over 20 years, particularly in the model dicot species arabidopsis thaliana. these studies have led to the establishment of a general model for the development of floral organs in higher plants, the so-called abcde model, in which floral whorl-specific combinations of class a, b, c, d, or e genes specify floral organ identity. in arabidopsis, class a, b, c, d, e genes encode mads-box transcription factors except for the class a g ... | 2013 | 27137382 |
| plant oligosaccharides enhance wheat defence response against septoria leaf blotch. | our work provides the first evidence for elicitation and protection effects of preventive treatments with oligosaccharides (20%)-based new formulation (oligos) against mycosphaerella graminicola, a major pathogen of bread wheat (bw) and durum wheat (dw). in planta oligos treatment led to strongly reduced hyphal growth, penetration, mesophyll colonization and fructification. during the necrotrophic phase, oligos also drastically decreased the production of m. graminicola cwde activities, such as ... | 2015 | 27141743 |
| ascorbic acid controls mycosphaerella graminicola in bread and durum wheat through direct effect on the pathogen and indirect action via plant defence. | septoria tritici blotch (stb) caused by mycosphaerella graminicola is one of the most devastating foliar diseases on wheat. due to the emergence of fungicide-resistant m. graminicola strains and in an effort to reduce the impact of pesticides on the environment, considerable interest has been devoted to alternative control strategies. the use of natural products, especially through a defense-activating effect on the host, could be considered. acid ascorbic (aa) is synthesized by plants and most ... | 2015 | 27141744 |
| genetic characterization of an algerian population of mycosphaerella graminicola with microsatellite markers. | mycosphaerella graminicola (anamorph: zymoseptoria tritici, formerly septoria tritici), the responsible for septoria tritici blotch, is the most frequently occurring disease on wheat crops worldwide. the populations of this pathogen were previously characterized in several areas around the world, but not in algeria so far. the present study aims thus at investigating the genetic diversity and population structure of m. graminicola in this country. one hundred and twenty monoconidial isolates of ... | 2015 | 27141757 |
| relationships between some soil parameters and weed community (case study: winter wheat fields of uremia-iran). | in order to find relationships between weed species distribution and soil ph, calcium carbonate (caco₃), electrical conductivity (ec), and organic matter percentage (om %), fields surveys were done in 50 wheats (triticum aestivum l.) fields of uremia county (one of the northwest counties of iran) in 2013. data sampling of weeds was conducted from the beginning of stem elongation until the end of heading stages of wheat. in each field, 20 quadrates (0.25 m²) were randomly placed along a "w" patte ... | 2015 | 27145592 |
| wheat transcription factor tawrky70 is positively involved in high-temperature seedling plant resistance to puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. | stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (pst), is a devastating disease of wheat (triticum aestivum) worldwide. wheat high-temperature seedling plant (htsp) resistance to pst is non-race-specific and durable. wrky transcription factors have been proven to play important roles in plant defence responses to attacks by several pathogens. however, there is no direct evidence as to whether wrky transcription factors play a role in htsp resistance to pst. we isolated a wrky gene, na ... | 2016 | 27145738 |
| electropriming of wheatgrass seeds using pulsed electric fields enhances antioxidant metabolism and the bioprotective capacity of wheatgrass shoots. | the influence of pulsed electric field (pef) (0.5-2 kv/cm) treatment of wheatgrass (triticum aestivum l.) seeds, with different water contents, on antioxidant metabolism in the resultant seedlings was investigated. imbibing seeds to a water content of 45% or greater prior to pef treatment increased the glutathione level and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase in the resultant seedlings, compared to untreated control ... | 2016 | 27147445 |
| ancestral qtl alleles from wild emmer wheat improve drought resistance and productivity in modern wheat cultivars. | wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides) is considered a promising source for improving stress resistances in domesticated wheat. here we explored the potential of selected quantitative trait loci (qtls) from wild emmer wheat, introgressed via marker-assisted selection, to enhance drought resistance in elite durum (t. turgidum ssp. durum) and bread (t. aestivum) wheat cultivars. the resultant near-isogenic lines (bc3f3 and bc3f4) were genotyped using snp array to confirm the introgr ... | 2016 | 27148287 |
| dissecting the molecular interactions between wheat and the fungal pathogen zymoseptoria tritici. | the dothideomycete fungus zymoseptoria tritici (previously known as mycosphaerella graminicola and septoria tritici) is the causative agent of septoria tritici leaf blotch (stb) disease of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). in europe, stb is the most economically damaging disease of wheat, with an estimated ∼€1 billion per year in fungicide expenditure directed toward its control. here, an overview of our current understanding of the molecular events that occur during z. tritici infection of wheat le ... | 2016 | 27148331 |
| wheat seed embryo excision enables the creation of axenic seedlings and koch's postulates testing of putative bacterial endophytes. | early establishment of endophytes can play a role in pathogen suppression and improve seedling development. one route for establishment of endophytes in seedlings is transmission of bacteria from the parent plant to the seedling via the seed. in wheat seeds, it is not clear whether this transmission route exists, and the identities and location of bacteria within wheat seeds are unknown. we identified bacteria in the wheat (triticum aestivum) cv. hereward seed environment using embryo excision t ... | 2016 | 27151146 |
| selenium promotes sulfur accumulation and plant growth in wheat (triticum aestivum). | selenium (se) is an essential micronutrient for animals and humans and a target for biofortification in crops. sulfur (s) is a crucial nutrient for plant growth. to gain better understanding of se and s nutrition and interaction in plants, the effects of se dosages and forms on plant growth as well as on s level in seven wheat lines were examined. low dosages of both selenate and selenite supplements were found to enhance wheat shoot biomass and show no inhibitory effect on grain production. the ... | 2016 | 27152969 |
| identification and molecular characterization of the nicotianamine synthase gene family in bread wheat. | nicotianamine (na) is a non-protein amino acid involved in fundamental aspects of metal uptake, transport and homeostasis in all plants and constitutes the biosynthetic precursor of mugineic acid family phytosiderophores (mas) in graminaceous plant species. nicotianamine synthase (nas) genes, which encode enzymes that synthesize na from s-adenosyl-l-methionine (sam), are differentially regulated by iron (fe) status in most plant species and plant genomes have been found to contain anywhere from ... | 2016 | 27155533 |
| salt tolerance function of the novel c2h2-type zinc finger protein taznf in wheat. | the expression profile chip of the wheat salt-tolerant mutant rh8706-49 was investigated under salt stress in our laboratory. results revealed a novel gene induced by salt stress with unknown functions. the gene was named as taznf (triticum aestivum predicted dof zinc finger protein) because it contains the zf-dof superfamily and was deposited in genbank (accession no. kf307327). further analysis showed that taznf significantly improved the salt-tolerance of transgenic arabidopsis. various physi ... | 2016 | 27156137 |
| a saturated snp linkage map for the orange wheat blossom midge resistance gene sm1. | snp markers were developed for the owbm resistance gene sm1 that will be useful for mas. the wheat sm1 region is collinear with an inverted syntenic interval in b. distachyon. orange wheat blossom midge (owbm, sitodiplosis mosellana géhin) is an important insect pest of wheat (triticum aestivum) in many growing regions. sm1 is the only described owbm resistance gene and is the foundation of managing owbm through host genetics. sm1 was previously mapped to wheat chromosome arm 2bs relative to sim ... | 2016 | 27160855 |
| comparative toxicity of nonylphenol, nonylphenol-4-ethoxylate and nonylphenol-10-ethoxylate to wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum l.). | nonylphenol polyethoxylates (npeos) are a group of surfactants that are widely used in industrial and household products and often detected in the environment. the metabolite of npeos, named nonylphenol (np), has proven to be an endocrine disruptor, and its environmental behavior and eco-toxicity have been widely investigated in previous studies. however, to the best of our knowledge, insight into the toxicity differences of np and npeos on important crops remains limited. therefore, this study ... | 2016 | 27162129 |
| retraction of: overexpression of vp, a vacuolar h+-pyrophosphatase gene in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), improves tobacco plant growth under pi and n deprivation, high salinity, and drought. | 2016 | 27162277 | |
| detection of qtls for traits associated with pre-harvest sprouting resistance in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | pre-harvest sprouting (phs) is one of the serious problems for wheat production, especially in rainy regions. although seed dormancy is the most critical trait for phs resistance, the control of heading time should also be considered to prevent seed maturation during unfavorable conditions. in addition, awning is known to enhance water absorption by the spike, causing phs. in this study, we conducted qtl analysis for three phs resistant related traits, seed dormancy, heading time and awn length, ... | 2016 | 27162497 |
| heading date qtl in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) coincide with major developmental genes vernalization1 and photoperiod1. | in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), time from planting to spike emergence is influenced by genes controlling vernalization requirement and photoperiod response. characterizing the available genetic diversity of known and novel alleles of vernalization1 (vrn1) and photoperiod1 (ppd1) in winter wheat can inform approaches for breeding climate resilient cultivars. this study identified qtl for heading date (hd) associated with multiple vrn1 and ppd1 loci in a population developed from a cross between ... | 2016 | 27163605 |
| identification and function analyses of senescence-associated wrkys in wheat. | leaf senescence is a positive, highly regulated, complex process, and transcription factors play important roles in the regulation of this process. we identified and characterized 116 wrkys from the wheat genome database. thirteen tawrkys were confirmed as senescence-associated genes. we focused on tawrky7, which is up-regulated in the natural leaf senescence process. tawrky7 is expressed in different tissues of wheat and is localized in the nucleus. it shows transcriptional activation activity ... | 2016 | 27166153 |
| genomic prediction for grain zinc and iron concentrations in spring wheat. | predictability estimated through cross-validation approach showed moderate to high level; hence, genomic selection approach holds great potential for biofortification breeding to enhance grain zinc and iron concentrations in wheat. wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is a major staple crop, providing 20 % of dietary energy and protein consumption worldwide. it is an important source of mineral micronutrients such as zinc (zn) and iron (fe) for resource poor consumers. genomic selection (gs) approaches ... | 2016 | 27170319 |
| different inocula produce distinctive microbial consortia with similar lignocellulose degradation capacity. | despite multiple research efforts, the current strategies for exploitation of lignocellulosic plant matter are still far from optimal, being hampered mostly by the difficulty of degrading the recalcitrant parts. an interesting approach is to use lignocellulose-degrading microbial communities by using different environmental sources of microbial inocula. however, it remains unclear whether the inoculum source matters for the degradation process. here, we addressed this question by verifying the l ... | 2016 | 27170322 |
| inter-varietal interactions among plants in genotypically diverse mixtures tend to decrease herbivore performance. | much research has explored the effects of plant species diversity on herbivore populations, but far less has considered effects of plant genotypic diversity, or how abiotic stressors, like drought, can modify effects. mechanisms by which plant genotypic diversity affects herbivore populations remain largely unresolved. we used greenhouse studies with a model system of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and bird cherry-oat aphid (rhopalosiphum padi l.) to determine whether the genotypic diversity of a ... | 2016 | 27170329 |
| transcriptome analysis of purple pericarps in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars possessing purple grain arethought to be more nutritious because of high anthocyanin contents in the pericarp. comparative transcriptome analysis of purple (cv gy115) and white pericarps was carried out using next-generation sequencing technology. there were 23,642 unigenes significantly differentially expressed in the purple and white pericarps, including 9945 up-regulated and 13,697 down-regulated. the differentially expressed unigenes were mainly involve ... | 2016 | 27171148 |
| plant density effect on grain number and weight of two winter wheat cultivars at different spikelet and grain positions. | in winter wheat, grain development is asynchronous. the grain number and grain weight vary significantly at different spikelet and grain positions among wheat cultivars grown at different plant densities. in this study, two winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars, 'wennong6' and 'jimai20', were grown under four different plant densities for two seasons, in order to study the effect of plant density on the grain number and grain weight at different spikelet and grain positions. the results ... | 2016 | 27171343 |
| morphological and sequence-related amplified polymorphism-based molecular diversity of local and exotic wheat genotypes. | assessing genetic diversity is a prerequisite for the genetic improvement of wheat. molecular markers offer accurate and reproducible means for assessing genetic diversity. field performance and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (srap)-based assessment of molecular diversity was carried out on a set of 10 local and introduced bread wheat (triticum sativum l.) genotypes grown in the middle arid region of saudi arabia. the results revealed highly significant differences among the studied phe ... | 2016 | 27173279 |
| characterization and genetic analysis of a novel light-dependent lesion mimic mutant, lm3, showing adult-plant resistance to powdery mildew in common wheat. | lesion mimics (lms) that exhibit spontaneous disease-like lesions in the absence of pathogen attack might confer enhanced plant disease resistance to a wide range of pathogens. the lm mutant, lm3 was derived from a single naturally mutated individual in the f1 population of a 3-1/jing411 cross, backcrossed six times with 3-1 as the recurrent parent and subsequently self-pollinated twice. the leaves of young seedlings of the lm3 mutant exhibited small, discrete white lesions under natural field c ... | 2016 | 27175509 |
| an aegilops ventricosa translocation confers resistance against root-knot nematodes to common wheat. | root knot nematodes (rkn; meloidogyne spp.) cause severe losses worldwide to a wide range of crops. crop rotations with resistant hosts can be used to control losses, but the wide host range of rkn limits this option. in this study, we found that the wheat cultivar lassik is resistant to several isolates of the rkn species m. incognita and m. javanica, including those that can reproduce on tomato with the resistance gene mi-1. comparison of near-isogenic lines of wheat showed that the wheat resi ... | 2017 | 27182071 |
| [the inheritance of endosperm storage proteins by the line of the saratovskaya 29 cultivar of common wheat from its parental forms]. | we ran a comparative analysis of storage proteins (gliadins, high- (hmw) and low-molecular-weight (lmw) glutenins, puroindolines, and exogenous α-amylase pest inhibitors) in the saratovskaya 29 cultivar line from the collection of a genetic engineering laboratory, its parental forms (albidum 24 and lyutescens 55/11), and distant ancestors (poltavka, selivanovskiy rusak, sarroza, and tetraploid beloturka). it was confirmed that the allelic states of storage proteins in the gli-1, gli-2 and glu-1 ... | 2016 | 27183793 |
| influence of salinity and temperature on uptake of perfluorinated carboxylic acids (pfcas) by hydroponically grown wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | perfluoroalkyl substances (pfass) have recently attracted increasing concerns due to their ubiquitous existence, adverse effects and persistence in environment. this study employed four perfluorinated carboxylic acids (pfcas) to examine effects of salinity and temperature on the pfas uptake in wheat, one of the major crops in the north china plain. wheat plants were grown in the spiked-pfca hydroponic culture system at different salinities and temperatures. as expected, salinity and temperature ... | 2016 | 27186505 |
| nested association mapping of stem rust resistance in wheat using genotyping by sequencing. | we combined the recently developed genotyping by sequencing (gbs) method with joint mapping (also known as nested association mapping) to dissect and understand the genetic architecture controlling stem rust resistance in wheat (triticum aestivum). ten stem rust resistant wheat varieties were crossed to the susceptible line lmpg-6 to generate f6 recombinant inbred lines. the recombinant inbred line populations were phenotyped in kenya, south africa, and st. paul, minnesota, usa. by joint mapping ... | 2016 | 27186883 |
| aluminum resistance in wheat involves maintenance of leaf ca(2+) and mg(2+) content, decreased lipid peroxidation and al accumulation, and low photosystem ii excitation pressure. | the phytotoxic aluminum species (al(3+)) is considered as the primary factor limiting crop productivity in over 40 % of world's arable land that is acidic. we evaluated the responses of two wheat cultivars (triticum aestivum l.) with differential al resistance, cv. yecora e (al-resistant) and cv. dio (al-sensitive), exposed to 0, 37, 74 and 148 μm al for 14 days in hydroponic culture at ph 4.5. with increasing al concentration, leaf ca(2+) and mg(2+) content decreased, as well as the effective q ... | 2016 | 27188757 |
| mutagenicity, cytotoxicity and phytotoxicity evaluation of biodegraded textile effluent by fungal ligninolytic enzymes. | colored effluents from the textile industry have led to severe environmental pollution, and this has emerged as a global issue. the feasibility of ligninolytic enzymes for the detoxification and degradation of textile wastewater was investigated. ganoderma lucidum crude ligninolytic enzymes extract (mnp 717.7, lip 576.3, and laccase 323.2 iu/ml) was produced using solid-state culture using wheat bran as substrate. the biodegradation treatment efficiency was evaluated on the basis of degradation ... | 2016 | 27191553 |
| genome-wide association mapping of anther extrusion in hexaploid spring wheat. | in a number of crop species hybrids are able to outperform line varieties. the anthers of the autogamous bread wheat plant are normally extruded post anthesis, a trait which is unfavourable for the production of f1 hybrid grain. higher anther extrusion (ae) promotes cross fertilization for more efficient hybrid seed production. therefore, this study aimed at the genetic dissection of ae by genome wide association studies (gwas) and determination of the main effect qtl. we applied gwas approach t ... | 2016 | 27191600 |
| host specialization of the blast fungus magnaporthe oryzae is associated with dynamic gain and loss of genes linked to transposable elements. | magnaporthe oryzae (anamorph pyricularia oryzae) is the causal agent of blast disease of poaceae crops and their wild relatives. to understand the genetic mechanisms that drive host specialization of m. oryzae, we carried out whole genome resequencing of four m. oryzae isolates from rice (oryza sativa), one from foxtail millet (setaria italica), three from wild foxtail millet s. viridis, and one isolate each from finger millet (eleusine coracana), wheat (triticum aestivum) and oat (avena sativa) ... | 2016 | 27194050 |
| characterization of a new pm2 allele conferring powdery mildew resistance in the wheat germplasm line fg-1. | powdery mildew has a negative impact on wheat production. novel host resistance increases the diversity of resistance genes and helps to control the disease. in this study, wheat line fg-1 imported from france showed a high level of powdery mildew resistance at both the seedling and adult stages. an f2 population and f2:3 families from the cross fg-1 × mingxian 169 both fit mendelian ratios for a single dominant resistance gene when tested against multiple avirulent blumeria tritici f. sp. triti ... | 2016 | 27200022 |
| dissecting mirnas in wheat d genome progenitor, aegilops tauschii. | as the post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, micrornas or mirnas comprise an integral part of understanding how genomes function. although mirnas have been a major focus of recent efforts, mirna research is still in its infancy in most plant species. aegilops tauschii, the d genome progenitor of bread wheat, is a wild diploid grass exhibiting remarkable population diversity. due to the direct ancestry and the diverse gene pool, a. tauschii is a promising source for bread wheat impr ... | 2016 | 27200073 |
| inheritance and molecular mapping of an all-stage stripe rust resistance gene derived from the chinese common wheat landrace "yilongtuomai". | yellow or stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (pst), is a devastating foliar disease that affects common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) around the world. in china, common wheat landraces are potential sources of disease and abiotic stress resistance genes for wheat improvement. yilongtuomai (yl), a wheat landrace from yilong county, sichuan province, shows high levels of resistance against most chinese pst races. in this study, the resistance of yl to stripe rust disease was ... | 2016 | 27208148 |
| [prevalence of vrn1 locus alleles among spring common wheat cultivars cultivated in western siberia]. | with the use of allele-specific primers developed for the vrn1 loci, the allelic diversity of the vrn-a1, vrn-b1, and vrn-d1 genes was studied in 148 spring common wheat cultivars cultivated under the conditions of western siberia. it was demonstrated that modern western siberian cultivars have the vrn-a1a allele, which is widely distributed in the world (alone or in combination with the vrn-b1a and vrn-b1c alleles). it was established that the main contribution in acceleration of the.seedling-h ... | 2016 | 27215031 |
| [genealogical analysis of the use of two wheatgrass (agropyron) species in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) breeding for disease resistance]. | during the last 80 years, in order to increase the genetic variability of wheat, translocations containing nine elongated wheatgrass (agropyron elongatum) and eight intermediate wheatgrass (agropyron intermedium) genes, which control resistance to pathogens, were transferred to this crop culture. genealogical and statistical analysis of 1500 varieties developed using the wheatgrass gave evidence of the continuing increase in the proportion of such varieties in the total number of wheat varieties ... | 2016 | 27215032 |
| effect of plant growth promoting bacteria associated with halophytic weed (psoralea corylifolia l) on germination and seedling growth of wheat under saline conditions. | halotolerant bacteria associated with psoralea corylifolia l., a luxuriantly growing annual weed in salinity-affected semi-arid regions of western maharashtra, india were evaluated for their plant growth-promoting activity in wheat. a total of 79 bacteria associated with different parts viz., root, shoot and nodule endophytes, rhizosphere, rhizoplane, and leaf epiphytes, were isolated and grouped based on their habitat. twelve bacteria isolated for their potential in plant growth promotion were ... | 2016 | 27215915 |
| drought-responsive wrky transcription factor genes tawrky1 and tawrky33 from wheat confer drought and/or heat resistance in arabidopsis. | drought stress is one of the major causes of crop loss. wrky transcription factors, as one of the largest transcription factor families, play important roles in regulation of many plant processes, including drought stress response. however, far less information is available on drought-responsive wrky genes in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), one of the three staple food crops. | 2016 | 27215938 |
| genetic control of protein content and sedimentation volume in european winter wheat cultivars. | breeding of bread wheat in the last decades has maintained a high baking quality despite the intensive selection for grain yield. the quality trait sedimentation volume but not protein content is mainly controlled by the glu - a1, glu - b1, glu - d1, gli - b1 , and pinb - d1 loci which are differentially used in varieties from different european origins. protein content and sedimentation volume are two important quality traits in wheat breeding. in this study, we used a panel of 407 european win ... | 2016 | 27225454 |
| a metabolic gene cluster in the wheat w1 and the barley cer-cqu loci determines β-diketone biosynthesis and glaucousness. | the glaucous appearance of wheat (triticum aestivum) and barley (hordeum vulgare) plants, that is the light bluish-gray look of flag leaf, stem, and spike surfaces, results from deposition of cuticular β-diketone wax on their surfaces; this phenotype is associated with high yield, especially under drought conditions. despite extensive genetic and biochemical characterization, the molecular genetic basis underlying the biosynthesis of β-diketones remains unclear. here, we discovered that the whea ... | 2016 | 27225753 |
| soil water balance and water use efficiency of dryland wheat in different precipitation years in response to green manure approach. | winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) monoculture is conventionally cultivated followed by two to three months of summer fallow in the loess plateau. to develop a sustainable cropping system, we conducted a six-year field experiment to investigate the effect of leguminous green manure (lgm) instead of bare fallow on the yield and water use efficiency (wue) of winter wheat and the soil water balance (swb) in different precipitation years in a semi-arid region of northwest china. results confirmed t ... | 2016 | 27225842 |
| foxtail mosaic virus-induced gene silencing in monocot plants. | virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) is a powerful technique to study gene function in plants. however, very few vigs vectors are available for monocot plants. here we report that foxtail mosaic virus (fomv) can be engineered as an effective vigs system to induce efficient silencing of endogenous genes in monocot plants including barley (hordeum vulgare l.), wheat (triticum aestivum) and foxtail millet (setaria italica). this is evidenced by fomv-based silencing of phytoene desaturase (pds) and m ... | 2016 | 27225900 |
| rapid evolutionary dynamics in a 2.8-mb chromosomal region containing multiple prolamin and resistance gene families in aegilops tauschii. | prolamin and resistance gene families are important in wheat food use and in defense against pathogen attacks, respectively. to better understand the evolution of these multi-gene families, the dna sequence of a 2.8-mb genomic region, representing an 8.8 cm genetic interval and harboring multiple prolamin and resistance-like gene families, was analyzed in the diploid grass aegilops tauschii, the d-genome donor of bread wheat. comparison with orthologous regions from rice, brachypodium, and sorgh ... | 2016 | 27228577 |
| overexpression of wheat gene tamor improves root system architecture and grain yield in oryza sativa. | improved root architecture is an effective strategy to increase crop yield. we demonstrate that overexpression of transcription factor gene more root (tamor) from wheat (triticum aestivum l.) results in more roots and higher grain yield in rice (oryza sativa). tamor, encoding a plant-specific transcription factor belonging to the asymmetric leaves2/lateral organ boundaries (as2/lob) protein family, is highly conserved in wheat and its wild relatives. in this study, tissue expression patterns ind ... | 2016 | 27229732 |
| tamca1, a regulator of cell death, is important for the interaction between wheat and puccinia striiformis. | metacaspase orthologs are conserved in fungi, protozoa and plants, however, their roles in plant disease resistance are largely unknown. in this study, we identified a triticum aestivum metacaspase gene, tamca1, with three copies located on chromosomes 1a, 1b and 1d. the tamca1 protein contained typical structural features of type i metacaspases domains, including an n-terminal pro-domain. transient expression analyses indicated that tamca1 was localized in cytosol and mitochondria. tamca1 exhib ... | 2016 | 27230563 |
| nighttime evaporative demand induces plasticity in leaf and root hydraulic traits. | increasing evidence suggests that nocturnal transpiration rate (trn ) is a non-negligible contributor to global water cycles. short-term variation in nocturnal vapor pressure deficit (vpdn ) has been suggested to be a key environmental variable influencing trn . however, the long-term effects of vpdn on plant growth and development remain unknown, despite recent evidence documenting long-term effects of daytime vpd on plant anatomy, growth and productivity. here we hypothesized that plant anatom ... | 2016 | 27235372 |
| comprehensive analyses of the annexin gene family in wheat. | annexins are an evolutionarily conserved multigene family of calcium-dependent phospholipid binding proteins that play important roles in stress resistance and plant development. they have been relatively well characterized in model plants arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) and rice (oryza sativa), but nothing has been reported in hexaploid bread wheat (triticum aestivum) and barely (hordeum vulgare), which are the two most economically important plants. | 2016 | 27236332 |
| soil-borne wheat mosaic virus infectious clone and manipulation for gene-carrying capacity. | a full-length infectious cdna clone of soil-borne wheat mosaic virus (sbwmv; genus furovirus; family virgaviridae) was developed for agrobacterium delivery. the cloned virus can be agroinfiltrated to nicotiana benthamiana for subsequent infection of wheat (triticum aestivum, l.). the utility of the virus as a vector for gene silencing and expression was assessed through sequence insertions in multiple sites of rna2. virus-induced photobleaching was observed in n. benthamiana but not in wheat, de ... | 2016 | 27236459 |
| flour quality and related molecular characterization of high molecular weight glutenin subunit genes from wild emmer wheat accession td-256. | to clarify the effect of high molecular weight glutenin subunit (hmw-gs) from wild emmer wheat on flour quality, which has the same mobility as that from common wheat, the composition and molecular characterization of hmw-gs from wild emmer wheat accession td-256, as well as its flour quality, were intensively analyzed. it is found that the mobilities of glu-a1 and glu-b1 subunits from td-256 are consistent with those of bread wheat cv. 'xiaoyan 6'. nevertheless, dough rheological properties of ... | 2016 | 27243935 |
| introgression of chromosome segments from multiple alien species in wheat breeding lines with wheat streak mosaic virus resistance. | pyramiding of alien-derived wheat streak mosaic virus (wsmv) resistance and resistance enhancing genes in wheat is a cost-effective and environmentally safe strategy for disease control. pcr-based markers and cytogenetic analysis with genomic in situ hybridisation were applied to identify alien chromatin in four genetically diverse populations of wheat (triticum aestivum) lines incorporating chromosome segments from thinopyrum intermedium and secale cereale (rye). out of 20 experimental lines, 1 ... | 2016 | 27245423 |
| an intercalary translocation from agropyron cristatum 6p chromosome into common wheat confers enhanced kernel number per spike. | this study explored 6p chromosomal translocations in wheat, and determined the effects of 6p intercalary chromosome segments on kernel number per wheat spike. exploiting and utilising gene(s) from wild relative species has become an essential strategy for wheat crop improvement. in the translocation line pubing2978, the intercalary 6p chromosome segment from agropyron cristatum (l.) gaertn. (2n = 4x = 28, pppp) carried valuable multi-kernel gene(s) and was selected from the offspring of the comm ... | 2016 | 27246315 |
| resistance of wheat accessions to the english grain aphid sitobion avenae. | the english grain aphid, sitobion avenae, is a major pest species of wheat crops; however, certain varieties may have stronger resistance to infestation than others. here, we investigated 3 classical resistance mechanisms (antixenosis, antibiosis, and tolerance) by 14 wheat varieties/lines to s. avenae under laboratory and field conditions. under laboratory conditions, alatae given the choice between 2 wheat varieties, strongly discriminated against certain varieties. specifically, the 'amigo' v ... | 2016 | 27249206 |
| the stripe rust fungal effector pec6 suppresses pattern-triggered immunity in a host species-independent manner and interacts with adenosine kinases. | we identified a wheat stripe rust (puccinia striiformis) effector candidate (pec6) with pattern-triggered immunity (pti) suppression function and its corresponding host target. pec6 compromised pti host species-independently. in nicotiana benthamiana, it hampers reactive oxygen species (ros) accumulation and callose deposition induced by pseudomonas fluorescens. in arabidopsis, plants expressing pec6 were more susceptible to pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (pto) dc3000 δavrpto/δavrptob. in wheat ... | 2016 | 27252028 |
| composition of cuticular waxes coating flag leaf blades and peduncles of triticum aestivum cv. bethlehem. | the work herein presents comprehensive analyses of the cuticular wax mixtures covering the flag leaf blade and peduncle of bread wheat (triticum aestivum) cv. bethlehem. overall, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and flame ionization detection revealed a wax coverage of flag leaf blades (16 μg/cm(2)) a third that of peduncles (49 μg/cm(2)). flag leaf blade wax was dominated by 1-alkanols, while peduncle wax contained primarily β-diketone and hydroxy-β-diketones, thus suggesting differential r ... | 2016 | 27264640 |
| [pleiotropic effects of gibberellin-sensitive and gibberellin-insensitive dwarfing genes in common wheat of the southern step region of black sea]. | investigations of the pleiotropic effects of ga-sensitive (rht8) and ga-insensitive (rht-b1, rht-d1) dwarfing genes and a gene that determines the response of plants to photoperiod--ppd-d1 were carried out for three years in the southern step region of black sea bank on five different genetic backgrounds. it is shown that in addition to direct effects on plant height ga-sensitive and ga-insensitive dwarfing genes have pleiotropic effects on all studied traits except the number of fertile spikele ... | 2016 | 27266182 |
| efficient decolorization and detoxification of textile industry effluent by salvinia molesta in lagoon treatment. | salvinia molesta, an aquatic fern was observed to have a potential of degrading azo dye rubine gfl up to 97% at a concentration of 100mg/l within 72h using 60±2g of root biomass. both root as well as stem tissues showed induction in activities of the enzymes such as lignin peroxidase, veratryl alcohol oxidase, laccase, tyrosinase, catalase, dcip reductase and superoxide dismutase during decolorization of rubine gfl. ftir, gc-ms, hplc and uv-visible spectrophotometric analysis confirmed phytotran ... | 2016 | 27268973 |
| wheat (triticum aestivum l.)-based intercropping systems for biological pest control. | wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is one of the most cultivated crops in temperate climates. as its pests are mainly controlled with insecticides that are harmful to the environment and human health, alternative practices such as intercropping have been studied for their potential to promote biological control. based on the published literature, this study aimed to review the effect of wheat-based intercropping systems on insect pests and their natural enemies. fifty original research papers were obt ... | 2016 | 27271821 |