Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| anthocyanins from black rice (oryza sativa l.) demonstrate antimetastatic properties by reducing mmps and nf-κb expressions in human oral cancer cal 27 cells. | aside from the commonly known white rice lines, colored varieties also exist. these varieties have historically been used in chinese medicine. anthocyanins, a large group of natural polyphenols existing in a variety of daily fruits and vegetables, have been widely recognized as cancer chemopreventive agents. the primary objective of cancer treatment strategies has traditionally focused on preventing the occurrence of metastasis. in this research the antimetastatic mechanism of anthocyanins on th ... | 2015 | 25658905 |
| widely distributed hot and cold spots in meiotic recombination as shown by the sequencing of rice f2 plants. | numerous studies have argued that environmental variations may contribute to evolution through the generation of novel heritable variations via meiotic recombination, which plays a crucial role in crop domestication and improvement. rice is one of the most important staple crops, but no direct estimate of recombination events has yet been made at a fine scale. here, we address this limitation by sequencing 41 rice individuals with high sequencing coverage and c. 900 000 accurate markers. an aver ... | 2015 | 25664766 |
| expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction analysis of the effector-interaction domain of the resistance protein rga5-a from oryza sativa l. japonica. | rga5-a, a component of the pia resistance-protein complex (rga4/rga5-a) from oryza sativa l. japonica, has the ability to interact physically with the effector protein avr-pia from magnaporthe oryzae via its effector-interaction domain rga5-a_s. the interaction between rga5-a and avr-pia relieves the repression of rga4, leading to avr-independent cell death by the freed rga4. to further understand the details of this interaction, the effector-interaction domain rga5-a_s was expressed in escheric ... | 2015 | 25664791 |
| plant-assisted rhizoremediation of decabromodiphenyl ether for e-waste recycling area soil of taizhou, china. | to develop an effective phytoremediation approach to purify soils polluted by decabromodiphenyl ether (bde-209) in e-waste recycling area, pot experiments were conducted through greenhouse growth of seven plant species in bde-209-polluted soils. the hygrocolous rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivars (xius and huanghz) and the xerophyte ryegrass (lolium perenne l.) were found to be as the most effective functional plants for facilitating bde-209 dissipation, with the removal of 52.9, 41.9, and 38.7% in ... | 2015 | 25666473 |
| knock-down of stress inducible ossrfp1 encoding an e3 ubiquitin ligase with transcriptional activation activity confers abiotic stress tolerance through enhancing antioxidant protection in rice. | e3 ubiquitin ligases are involved in a variety of physiological processes. this study demonstrated the function of a previously unknown rice ring finger e3 ligase, oryza sativa stress-related ring finger protein 1 (ossrfp1) in stress responses in rice. ossrfp1 was ubiquitously expressed in various rice organs, with the higher expression levels in roots, panicles and culm nodes. the transcript of ossrfp1 was induced by cold, dehydration, salt, h2o2 and abscisic acid treatments. interestingly, the ... | 2015 | 25667045 |
| base to tip and long-distance transport of sodium in the root of common reed [phragmites australis (cav.) trin. ex steud.] at steady state under constant high-salt conditions. | we analyzed the directions and rates of translocation of sodium ions (na(+)) within tissues of a salt-tolerant plant, common reed [phragmites australis (cav.) trin. ex steud.], and a salt-sensitive plant, rice (oryza sativa l.), under constant high-salt conditions using radioactive (22)na tracer and a positron-emitting tracer imaging system (petis). first, the test plants were incubated in a nutrient solution containing 50 mm nacl and a trace level of (22)na for 24 h (feeding step). then the ori ... | 2015 | 25667113 |
| a mutation in giant chloroplast encoding a parc6 homolog affects spikelet fertility in rice. | chloroplasts are not generated de novo but proliferate from a pre-existing population of plastids present in meristematic cells. chloroplast division is executed by the co-ordinated action of at least two molecular machineries: internal machinery located on the stromal side of the inner envelope membrane and external machinery located on the cytosolic side of the outer envelope membrane. to date, molecular studies of chloroplast division in higher plants have been limited to several species such ... | 2015 | 25667114 |
| in silico simulation modeling reveals the importance of the casparian strip for efficient silicon uptake in rice roots. | silicon (si) uptake by the roots is mediated by two different transporters, lsi1 (passive) and lsi2 (active), in rice (oryza sativa). both transporters are polarly localized in the plasma membranes of exodermal (outer) and endodermal (inner) cells with casparian strips. however, it is unknown how rice is able to take up large amounts of si compared with other plants, and why rice si transporters have a characteristic cellular localization pattern. to answer these questions, we simulated si uptak ... | 2015 | 25673476 |
| epigenetic regulation of rice flowering and reproduction. | current understanding of the epigenetic regulator roles in plant growth and development has largely derived from studies in the dicotyledonous model plant arabidopsis thaliana. rice (oryza sativa) is one of the most important food crops in the world and has more recently becoming a monocotyledonous model plant in functional genomics research. during the past few years, an increasing number of studies have reported the impact of dna methylation, non-coding rnas and histone modifications on transc ... | 2014 | 25674094 |
| efficacy of oryza sativa husk and quercus phillyraeoides extracts for the in vitro and in vivo control of fungal rot disease of white yam (dioscorea rotundata poir). | tuber rot disease is a major constraint to white yam (dioscorea rotundata) production, accounting for 50-60% of annual yield losses in nigeria. the main method of control using synthetic fungicides is being discouraged due to human and environmental health hazards. the potential of oryza sativa husk (osh) and quercus phillyraeoides (qp) extracts for the in vitro and in vivo control of six virulent rot-causing fungal pathogens, lasiodiplodia theobromae, aspergillus niger, rhizoctonia solani, peni ... | 2014 | 25674452 |
| deformed floral organ1 (dfo1) regulates floral organ identity by epigenetically repressing the expression of osmads58 in rice (oryza sativa). | floral organ identity in plants is controlled by floral homeotic a/b/c/d/e-class genes. in arabidopsis thaliana, several epigenetic repressors that regulate these floral organ identity genes have been characterized. however, the roles of epigenetic factors in rice floral development have not been explored in detail. here, we report the identification and functional characterization of a rice epigenetic repressor, deformed floral organ1 (dfo1) gene, which causes abnormal floral morphology when mu ... | 2015 | 25675970 |
| the role of thionins in rice defence against root pathogens. | thionins are antimicrobial peptides that are involved in plant defence. here, we present an in-depth analysis of the role of rice thionin genes in defence responses against two root pathogens: the root-knot nematode meloidogyne graminicola and the oomycete pythium graminicola. the expression of rice thionin genes was observed to be differentially regulated by defence-related hormones, whereas all analysed genes were consistently down-regulated in m. graminicola-induced galls, at least until 7 da ... | 2015 | 25676661 |
| selenium and auxin mitigates arsenic stress in rice (oryza sativa l.) by combining the role of stress indicators, modulators and genotoxicity assay. | arsenic (as) is known to disrupt the biological function in plants by inhibiting their growth and developmental process, while selenium (se) is an essential micronutrient within the appropriate amount. phytohormone auxin on the other hand is an established growth regulator and plays a significant role in stress management. present study is designed to see the effect of se and auxin on morphological and biochemical characteristics and, on the genotoxicity in rice plants under as stress. the obser ... | 2015 | 25677475 |
| the alteration in the architecture of a t-dna insertion rice mutant osmtd1 is caused by up-regulation of microrna156f. | plant architecture is an important factor for crop production. some members of microrna156 (mir156) and their target genes squamosa promoter-binding protein-like (spl) were identified to play essential roles in the establishment of plant architecture. however, the roles and regulation of mir156 is not well understood yet. here, we identified a t-dna insertion mutant osmtd1 (oryza sativa multi-tillering and dwarf mutant). osmtd1 produced more tillers and displayed short stature phenotype. we dete ... | 2015 | 25677853 |
| genetic dissection of an alien chromosomal segment may enable the production of a rice (oryza sativa l.) genotype showing shoot developmental instability. | during the course of evolutionary history, organisms have acquired genes which cooperate harmoniously and subsequently express a stable pattern of development. in an earlier study we introduced a large chromosomal segment of chromosome 6 from a rice (oryza sativa l.) ecotype, carrying the two flowering-time genes, which showed complex epistatic interactions in relation to environmental change, into a different ecotype by successive backcrossings. four-near-isogenic lines (nils) with respect to t ... | 2015 | 25677854 |
| physiological mechanisms contributing to the qtl-combination effects on improved performance of ir64 rice nils under drought. | characterizing the physiological mechanisms behind major-effect drought-yield quantitative trait loci (qtls) can provide an understanding of the function of the qtls-as well as plant responses to drought in general. in this study, we characterized rice (oryza sativa l.) genotypes with qtls derived from drought-tolerant traditional variety adaysel that were introgressed into drought-susceptible high-yielding variety ir64, one of the most popular megavarieties in south asian rainfed lowland system ... | 2015 | 25680791 |
| community dynamics of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in high-input and intensively irrigated rice cultivation systems. | application of a mycorrhizal inoculum could be one way to increase the yield of rice plants and reduce the application of fertilizer. we therefore studied arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) in the roots of wetland rice (oryza sativa l.) collected at the seedling, tillering, heading, and ripening stages in four paddy wetlands that had been under a high-input and intensively irrigated rice cultivation system for more than 20 years. it was found that amf colonization was mainly established in the h ... | 2015 | 25681190 |
| arsenite stress variably stimulates pro-oxidant enzymes, anatomical deformities, photosynthetic pigment reduction, and antioxidants in arsenic-tolerant and sensitive rice seedlings. | contamination of arsenic (as) in rice (oryza sativa l.) paddies and subsequent uptake by rice plants is a serious concern, because rice is a staple crop for millions of people. identification of as toxicity and detoxification mechanisms in paddy rice cultivars would help to reduce as-associated risk. arsenic tolerance and susceptibility mechanisms were investigated in 2 differential as-accumulating rice genotypes, triguna and iet-4786, selected from initial screening of 52 rice cultivars as an a ... | 2015 | 25683332 |
| a gene expression profiling of early rice stamen development that reveals inhibition of photosynthetic genes by osmads58. | stamen is a unique plant organ wherein germ cells or microsporocytes that commit to meiosis are initiated from somatic cells during its early developmental process. while genes determining stamen identity are known according to the abc model of floral development, little information is available on how these genes affect germ cell initiation. by using the affymetrix genechip rice genome array to assess 51 279 transcripts, we established a dynamic gene expression profile (gep) of the early develo ... | 2015 | 25684654 |
| fine mapping of a major quantitative trait locus, qlg-9, that controls seed longevity in rice (oryza sativa l.). | we fine-mapped a quantitative trait locus, qlg - 9, for seed longevity detected between japonica-type and indica-type cultivars. qlg - 9 was mapped in a 30-kb interval of the nipponbare genome sequence. a quantitative trait locus, qlg-9, for seed longevity in rice has previously been detected on chromosome 9 by using backcross inbred lines derived from a cross between japonica-type (nipponbare) and indica-type (kasalath) cultivars. in the present study, the chromosomal location of qlg-9 was prec ... | 2015 | 25687128 |
| operative photo assimilation associated proteome modulations are critical for iron-dependent cadmium tolerance in oryza sativa l. | iron-dependent cd tolerance in oryza sativa l. cv 7029 had been explored. photo assimilatory process such as photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation found to be functional in the presence of excess fe during cd stress. cd-inducible fe deficiency demonstrated with upregulation of iron uptake gene families such as osirt and osysl was attributed as foremost reason for retardation of photo assimilation in the course of cd treatment. upholding of photo assimilation during fe supplement was associated wi ... | 2015 | 25687295 |
| effect of atmospheric mercury deposition on selenium accumulation in rice (oryza sativa l.) at a mercury mining region in southwestern china. | selenium (se) is an important trace element for human nutrition and has an interactive effect on mercury (hg) uptake by plants and hg toxicity in animals. rice (oryza sativa l.) is the dominant source of dietary se in china, however the effect of soil hg contamination on the se concentration in rice is unknown. we collected 29 whole rice plant samples and corresponding soils from an active artisanal mercury mining area and an abandoned commercial mercury mining area. the soil se concentration wa ... | 2015 | 25688871 |
| genomic selection and association mapping in rice (oryza sativa): effect of trait genetic architecture, training population composition, marker number and statistical model on accuracy of rice genomic selection in elite, tropical rice breeding lines. | genomic selection (gs) is a new breeding method in which genome-wide markers are used to predict the breeding value of individuals in a breeding population. gs has been shown to improve breeding efficiency in dairy cattle and several crop plant species, and here we evaluate for the first time its efficacy for breeding inbred lines of rice. we performed a genome-wide association study (gwas) in conjunction with five-fold gs cross-validation on a population of 363 elite breeding lines from the int ... | 2015 | 25689273 |
| monoculm 3, an ortholog of wuschel in rice, is required for tiller bud formation. | wuschel (wus) plays an essential role for the maintenance of meristem activity in dicots, but its function is still elusive in monocots. we isolated a new monoculm mutant, monoculm 3 (moc3), in which a point mutation causes the premature termination of rice o. sativa wus (oswus). morphological observation revealed that the formation of tiller buds was disrupted in moc3. moc3 was localized in the nuclear and could interact with topless-related proteins (tprs). the expression of moc3 was induced b ... | 2015 | 25697101 |
| comparative analysis of the rtfl peptide family on the control of plant organogenesis. | plant peptides play important roles in various aspects of plant growth and development. the rtfl/dvl family includes small peptides that are widely conserved among land plants. overexpression of six rtfl genes in arabidopsis was suggestive of their functions as negative regulators of cell proliferation and as positional cues along the longitudinal axis of the plant body . at this time, few reports are available on rtfl paralogs in other species and the evolutionary relationship of rtfl members a ... | 2015 | 25701405 |
| development and gbs-genotyping of introgression lines (ils) using two wild species of rice, o. meridionalis and o. rufipogon, in a common recurrent parent, o. sativa cv. curinga. | two populations of interspecific introgression lines (ils) in a common recurrent parent were developed for use in pre-breeding and qtl mapping. the ils were derived from crosses between cv curinga, a tropical japonica upland cultivar, and two different wild donors, oryza meridionalis ng. accession (w2112) and oryza rufipogon griff. accession (irgc 105491). the lines were genotyped using genotyping-by-sequencing (gbs) and ssrs. the 32 curinga/o. meridionalis ils contain 76.73 % of the donor genom ... | 2017 | 25705117 |
| allele mining strategies: principles and utilisation for blast resistance genes in rice (oryza sativa l.). | allele mining is a promising way to dissect naturally occurring allelic variants of candidate genes with essential agronomic qualities. with the identification, isolation and characterisation of blast resistance genes in rice, it is now possible to dissect the actual allelic variants of these genes within an array of rice cultivars via allele mining. multiple alleles from the complex locus serve as a reservoir of variation to generate functional genes. the routine sequence exchange is one of the ... | 2015 | 25706446 |
| expath: a database of comparative expression analysis inferring metabolic pathways for plants. | in general, the expression of gene alters conditionally to catalyze a specific metabolic pathway. microarray-based datasets have been massively produced to monitor gene expression levels in parallel with numerous experimental treatments. although several studies facilitated the linkage of gene expression data and metabolic pathways, none of them are amassed for plants. moreover, advanced analysis such as pathways enrichment or how genes express under different conditions is not rendered. | 2015 | 25708775 |
| effects of exogenous gibberellic acid3 on iron and manganese plaque amounts and iron and manganese uptake in rice. | gibberellins (ga) regulate various components of plant development. iron and mn plaque result from oxiding and hydroxiding fe and mn, respectively, on the roots of aquatic plant species such as rice (oryza sativa l.). in this study, we found that exogenous gibberellic acid3 (ga3) spray decreased fe plaque, but increased mn plaque, with applications of kimura b nutrient solution. similar effects from ga3, leading to reduced fe plaque and increased mn plaque, were also found by scanning electron m ... | 2015 | 25710173 |
| preferential association of endophytic bradyrhizobia with different rice cultivars and its implications for rice endophyte evolution. | plant colonization by bradyrhizobia is found not only in leguminous plants but also in nonleguminous species such as rice. to understand the evolution of the endophytic symbiosis of bradyrhizobia, the effect of the ecosystems of rice plantations on their associations was investigated. samples were collected from various rice (oryza sativa) tissues and crop rotational systems. the rice endophytic bradyrhizobia were isolated on the basis of oligotrophic properties, selective medium, and nodulation ... | 2015 | 25710371 |
| three novel alleles of floury endosperm2 (flo2) confer dull grains with low amylose content in rice. | rice is a major food source for much of the world, and expanding our knowledge of genes conferring specific rice grain attributes will benefit both farmer and consumer. here we present novel dull grain mutants with a low amylose content (ac) derived from mutagenesis of oryza sativa, ssp. japonica cv. taikeng 8 (tk8). positional cloning of the gene conferring the dull grain phenotype revealed a point mutation located at the acceptor splice site of intron 11 of floury endosperm2 (flo2), encoding a ... | 2015 | 25711812 |
| structural requirements of strigolactones for shoot branching inhibition in rice and arabidopsis. | the structural requirements of strigolactones (sls) involved in germination induction of root parasitic plants and hyphal branching in arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi have been extensively studied. however, our knowledge of the requirements of sls involved in shoot branching inhibition in plants is still limited. to address this question, we investigated the structure-activity relationships of sls in shoot branching inhibition in rice and arabidopsis. sls possess a four-ring structure, with a ... | 2015 | 25713176 |
| metabolomic changes in grains of well-watered and drought-stressed transgenic rice. | drought induces a number of physiological and biochemical responses in cereals. this study was designed to examine the metabolite changes in grains of drought-tolerant transgenic rice (oryza sativa l.) that overexpresses atcyp78a7 encoding cytochrome p450 protein using proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)h-nmr) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. | 0 | 25716954 |
| co2-responsive constans, constans-like, and time of chlorophyll a/b binding protein expression1 protein is a positive regulator of starch synthesis in vegetative organs of rice. | a unique co2-responsive constans, constans-like, and time of chlorophyll a/b binding protein1 (cct) protein (crct) containing a cct domain but not a zinc finger motif is described, which is up-regulated under elevated co2 in rice (oryza sativa). the expression of crct showed diurnal oscillation peaked at the end of the light period and was also increased by sugars such as glucose and sucrose. promoter β-glucuronidase analysis showed that crct was highly expressed in the phloem of various tissues ... | 2015 | 25717036 |
| establishment of monitoring methods for autophagy in rice reveals autophagic recycling of chloroplasts and root plastids during energy limitation. | autophagy is an intracellular process leading to vacuolar or lysosomal degradation of cytoplasmic components in eukaryotes. establishment of proper methods to monitor autophagy was a key step in uncovering its role in organisms, such as yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae), mammals, and arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), in which chloroplastic proteins were found to be recycled by autophagy. chloroplast recycling has been predicted to function in nutrient remobilization for growing organs or grain ... | 2015 | 25717038 |
| low ph-induced changes of antioxidant enzyme and atpase activities in the roots of rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings. | soil acidification is the main problem in the current rice production. here, the effects of low ph on the root growth, reactive oxygen species metabolism, plasma membrane functions, and the transcript levels of the related genes were investigated in rice seedlings (oryza sativa l.) in a hydroponic system at ph 3.5, 4.5, and 5.5. there were two hybrid rice cultivars in this trial, including yongyou 12 (yy12, a japonica hybrid) and zhongzheyou 1 (zzy1, an indica hybrid). higher h+ activity markedl ... | 2015 | 25719552 |
| activation of symbiosis signaling by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in legumes and rice. | establishment of arbuscular mycorrhizal interactions involves plant recognition of diffusible signals from the fungus, including lipochitooligosaccharides (lcos) and chitooligosaccharides (cos). nitrogen-fixing rhizobial bacteria that associate with leguminous plants also signal to their hosts via lcos, the so-called nod factors. here, we have assessed the induction of symbiotic signaling by the arbuscular mycorrhizal (myc) fungal-produced lcos and cos in legumes and rice (oryza sativa). we show ... | 2015 | 25724637 |
| the rice ck2 kinase regulates trafficking of phosphate transporters in response to phosphate levels. | phosphate transporters (pts) mediate phosphorus uptake and are regulated at the transcriptional and posttranslational levels. in one key mechanism of posttranslational regulation, phosphorylation of pts affects their trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum (er) to the plasma membrane. however, the kinase(s) mediating pt phosphorylation and the mechanism leading to er retention of phosphorylated pts remain unclear. in this study, we identified a rice (oryza sativa) kinase subunit, ck2β3, which ... | 2015 | 25724641 |
| reduction of pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase activity is associated with high temperature-induced chalkiness in rice grains. | global warming affects both rice (oryza sativa) yields and grain quality. rice chalkiness due to high temperature during grain filling would lower the grain quality. the biochemical and molecular mechanisms responsible for the increased occurrence of chalkiness under high temperature are not fully understood. previous research suggested that cytosolic pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (cyppdk, ec 2.7.9.1) in rice modulates carbon metabolism. the objective of this study was to determine the relati ... | 2015 | 25725409 |
| molecular cloning of melatonin 2-hydroxylase responsible for 2-hydroxymelatonin production in rice (oryza sativa). | although melatonin biosynthetic genes from plants have been cloned, the melatonin catabolism mechanisms remain unclear. to clone the genes responsible for melatonin metabolism, we ectopically expressed 35 full-length cdnas of rice 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (2-odd) in escherichia coli and purified the corresponding recombinant proteins. in vitro 2-odd assays showed four independent 2-odd proteins that were able to catalyze melatonin into 2-hydroxymelatonin, exhibiting melatonin 2-hydro ... | 2015 | 25728912 |
| natural variation of rice blast resistance gene pi-d2. | studying natural variation in rice resistance genes of cultivated and wild rice relatives can predict resistance stability to rice blast fungus. in the present study, the protein coding regions of the rice r gene pi-d2 in 35 rice accessions, including oryza sativa l. subsp. indica kato (aus), indica (ind), temperate japonica (tej), tropical japonica (trj), aromatic (aro); subgroups of oryza sativa; 6 accessions of wild rice varieties; o. nivara; and o. rufipogon were analyzed. a total of 13 nucl ... | 2015 | 25730062 |
| genetic analysis of seed-shattering genes in rice using an f₃:₄ population derived from an oryza sativa x oryza rufipogon cross. | seed shattering of wild plant species is thought to be an adaptive trait to facilitate seed dispersal. for rice breeding, seed shatter-ing is an important trait for improving breeding strategies, particularly when developing lines use interspecific hybrids and introgression of genes from wild species. we developed f₃:₄ recombinant inbred lines from an interspecific cross between oryza sativa cv. ilpoombyeo and oryza rufipogon. in this study, we genetically analyzed known shat-tering-related loci ... | 2015 | 25730074 |
| functional characterization of three (gh13) branching enzymes involved in cyanobacterial starch biosynthesis from cyanobacterium sp. nbrc 102756. | starch and glycogen are widespread storage polysaccharides in bacteria, plants, and animals. recently, some cyanobacteria were found to accumulate water-insoluble α-glucan similar to amylopectin rather than glycogen, the latter of which is more commonly produced in these organisms. the amylopectin-producing species including cyanobacterium sp. nbrc 102756 invariably have three branching enzyme (be) homologs, be1, be2, and be3, all belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family 13. multiple be isofo ... | 2015 | 25731081 |
| variations between the photosynthetic properties of elite and landrace chinese rice cultivars revealed by simultaneous measurements of 820 nm transmission signal and chlorophyll a fluorescence induction. | the difference between the photosynthetic properties of elite and landrace chinese rice cultivars was studied, using chlorophyll a fluorescence induction (mostly a monitor of photosystem ii activity) and i820 transmission signal (mostly a monitor of photosystem i activity) to identify potential photosynthetic features differentiating these two groups, which show different degrees of artificial selection and grain yields. a higher fluorescence (related to psii) ip rise phase and a lower p700(+) ( ... | 2015 | 25732386 |
| reduced aba accumulation in the root system is caused by aba exudation in upland rice (oryza sativa l. var. gaoshan1) and this enhanced drought adaptation. | lowland rice (nipponbare) and upland rice (gaoshan 1) that are comparable under normal and moderate drought conditions showed dramatic differences in severe drought conditions, both naturally occurring long-term drought and simulated rapid water deficits. we focused on their root response and found that enhanced tolerance of upland rice to severe drought conditions was mainly due to the lower level of aba in its roots than in those of the lowland rice. we first excluded the effect of aba biosynt ... | 2015 | 25735958 |
| loss-of-function mutation of rice slac7 decreases chloroplast stability and induces a photoprotection mechanism in rice. | plants absorb sunlight to power the photochemical reactions of photosynthesis, which can potentially damage the photosynthetic machinery. however, the mechanism that protects chloroplasts from the damage remains unclear. in this work, we demonstrated that rice (oryza sativa l.) slac7 is a generally expressed membrane protein. loss-of-function of slac7 caused continuous damage to the chloroplasts of mutant leaves under normal light conditions. ion leakage indicators related to leaf damage such as ... | 2015 | 25739330 |
| hd3a promotes lateral branching in rice. | accumulating evidence indicates that the flowering locus t (ft) protein is the mobile floral signal known as florigen. a rice ft homolog, heading date 3a (hd3a), is transported from the phloem to shoot apical cells, where it interacts with 14-3-3 proteins and transcription factor osfd1 to form a florigen activation complex (fac) that activates a rice homolog of the floral identity gene apetala1. recent studies showed that florigen has roles in plant development beyond flowering; however, the exa ... | 2015 | 25740115 |
| cell dedifferentiation and organogenesis in vitro require more snrna than does seedling development in arabidopsis thaliana. | small nuclear rna (snrna) is a class of non-coding rnas that processes pre-mrna and rrna. transcription of abundant snrna species is regulated by the snrna activating protein complex (snapc), which is conserved among multicellular organisms including plants. srd2, a putative subunit of snapc in arabidopsis thaliana, is essential for development, and the point mutation srd2-1 causes severe defects in hypocotyl dedifferentiation and de novo meristem formation. based on phenotypic analysis of srd2- ... | 2015 | 25740809 |
| expression of developmentally regulated plasma membrane polypeptide (drepp2) in rice root tip and interaction with ca(2+)/cam complex and microtubule. | the cytoplasmic free ca(2+) could play an important role for salt tolerance in rice root (oryza sativa l.). here, we compared the expression profiles of two putative developmentally regulated plasma membrane polypeptides (drepp1 and drepp2) in rice roots of salt-tolerant cv. pokkali and salt-sensitive cv. ir29. the messenger rna (mrna) for osdrepp1 could be detected in all parts of root and did not change upon salt stress, whereas the mrna for osdrepp2 was detected only in root tips. the transcr ... | 2015 | 25743039 |
| co-ordination of flower development through epigenetic regulation in two model species: rice and arabidopsis. | angiosperms produce flowers for reproduction. flower development is a multistep developmental process, beginning with the initiation of the floral meristems, followed by floral meristem identity specification and maintenance, organ primordia initiation, floral organ identity specification, floral stem cell termination and finally floral organ maturation. during flower development, each of a large number of genes is expressed in a spatiotemporally regulated manner. underlying these molecular and ... | 2015 | 25746984 |
| genetic architecture of natural variation in rice chlorophyll content revealed by a genome-wide association study. | chlorophyll content is one of the most important physiological traits as it is closely related to leaf photosynthesis and crop yield potential. so far, few genes have been reported to be involved in natural variation of chlorophyll content in rice (oryza sativa) and the extent of variations explored is very limited. we conducted a genome-wide association study (gwas) using a diverse worldwide collection of 529 o. sativa accessions. a total of 46 significant association loci were identified. thre ... | 2015 | 25747843 |
| experimental life history and biological characteristics of fasciola gigantica (digenea: fasciolidae). | this study was conducted to investigate the life history, morphology, and maturation of larval stages and adult worms of fasciola gigantica in experimental mice. lymnaea auricularia rubiginosa was used as the intermediate host, and oryza sativa was used for encystment of the metacercariae, while mus musculus was used as the definitive host for maturation study. fresh eggs from the gall bladder of water buffaloes fully developed into embryonated ones and hatched out at days 11-12 after incubation ... | 2015 | 25748710 |
| comprehensive profiling of the rice ubiquitome reveals the significance of lysine ubiquitination in young leaves. | protein ubiquitination is a major post-translational modification that regulates development, apoptosis, responses to environmental cues, and other processes in eukaryotes. although several ubiquitinated proteins have been identified in rice, large-scale profiling of the rice ubiquitome has not been reported because of limitations in the current analytical methods. here, we report the first rice ubiquitome, determined by combining highly sensitive immune affinity purification and high resolution ... | 2015 | 25751157 |
| transgenic expression of an unedited mitochondrial orfb gene product from wild abortive (wa) cytoplasm of rice (oryza sativa l.) generates male sterility in fertile rice lines. | over-expression of the unedited mitochondrial orfb gene product generates male sterility in fertile indica rice lines in a dose-dependent manner. cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) and nuclear-controlled fertility restoration are widespread developmental features in plant reproductive systems. in self-pollinated crop plants, these processes often provide useful tools to exploit hybrid vigour. the wild abortive cms has been employed in the majority of the "three-line" hybrid rice production since 1 ... | 2015 | 25754232 |
| aequorin-based luminescence imaging reveals differential calcium signalling responses to salt and reactive oxygen species in rice roots. | it is well established that both salt and reactive oxygen species (ros) stresses are able to increase the concentration of cytosolic free ca(2+) ([ca(2+)]i), which is caused by the flux of calcium (ca(2+)). however, the differences between these two processes are largely unknown. here, we introduced recombinant aequorin into rice (oryza sativa) and examined the change in [ca(2+)]i in response to salt and ros stresses. the transgenic rice harbouring aequorin showed strong luminescence in roots wh ... | 2015 | 25754405 |
| osnac2 encoding a nac transcription factor that affects plant height through mediating the gibberellic acid pathway in rice. | plant height and flowering time are key agronomic traits affecting yield in rice (oryza sativa). in this study, we investigated the functions in rice growth and development of osnac2, encoding a nac transcription factor in rice. transgenic plants that constitutively expressed osnac2 had shorter internodes, shorter spikelets, and were more insensitive to gibberellic acid (ga(3)). in addition, the levels of gas decreased in osnac2 overexpression plants, compared with the wild-type. moreover, flowe ... | 2015 | 25754802 |
| punctual transcriptional regulation by the rice circadian clock under fluctuating field conditions. | plant circadian clocks that oscillate autonomously with a roughly 24-h period are entrained by fluctuating light and temperature and globally regulate downstream genes in the field. however, it remains unknown how punctual internal time produced by the circadian clock in the field is and how it is affected by environmental fluctuations due to weather or daylength. using hundreds of samples of field-grown rice (oryza sativa) leaves, we developed a statistical model for the expression of circadian ... | 2015 | 25757473 |
| qac2, a novel qtl that interacts with wx and controls the low amylose content in rice (oryza sativa l.). | this manuscript reports the fine mapping of a novel qtl, qac2 controlling the low amylose in rice. the action mechanism of the qac2 is also investigated by the analysis of genetic interactions to wx (a), wx (b), du1, du2 and du3. amylose content of the rice (oryza sativa l.) endosperm greatly affects starch properties and eating quality of cooked rice. seeds of japonica rice cultivar kuiku162 have low amylose content (ac) and good eating quality. our analysis revealed a novel qtl, designated as ... | 2015 | 25762131 |
| physiological response of rice (oryza sativa l.) genotypes to elevated nitrogen applied under field conditions. | field experiment was conducted at g.b.p.u.a.t. pantnagar, uttarakhand, india in rainy season of 2008 and 2009 to study the impacts of increased nitrogen doses on growth dynamics, biomass partitioning, chaffy grain and nitrogen use efficiency in 4 rice genotypes viz., vasumati, tulsi, kasturi and krishna hamsa. four doses (n(0), n(50), n(100) and n(200) kg n ha(-1)) of nitrogen in the form of urea were applied in 3 split. increased trend in growth dynamics during active tillering and flowering st ... | 2014 | 25763485 |
| rice acyl-coa-binding proteins osacbp4 and osacbp5 are differentially localized in the endoplasmic reticulum of transgenic arabidopsis. | acyl-coa-binding proteins (acbps) are known to bind and transport acyl-coa esters and phospholipids intracellularly. in our recent paper in the new phytologist, we reported that the six acyl-coa-binding proteins (osacbps) in rice (oryza sativa) are distributed across various subcellular compartments in transgenic arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) such as the cytosol (osacbp1, osacbp2 and osacbp3), the endoplasmic reticulum (er) including the tubules (osacbp4 and osacbp5) and the cisternae (osac ... | 2014 | 25763631 |
| polyamine oxidase 1 from rice (oryza sativa) is a functional ortholog of arabidopsis polyamine oxidase 5. | polyamine oxidase 1 (ospao1), from rice (oryza sativa), and polyamine oxidase 5 (atpao5), from arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), are enzymes sharing high identity at the amino acid level and with similar characteristics, such as polyamine specificity and ph preference; furthermore, both proteins localize to the cytosol. a loss-of-function arabidopsis mutant, atpao5-2, was hypersensitive to low doses of exogenous thermospermine but this phenotype could be rescued by introduction of the wild-typ ... | 2014 | 25763711 |
| two distinct classes of protein related to gtb and rrm are critical in the sclerotial metamorphosis process of rhizoctonia solani ag-1 ia. | sheath blight of rice, caused by rhizoctonia solani kühn ag-1 ia [teleomorph: thanatephorus cucumeris (frank) donk], is one of the major diseases of rice (oryza sativa l.) worldwide. sclerotia produced by r. solani ag-1 ia are crucial for their survival in adverse environments and further dissemination when environmental conditions become conducive. differentially expressed genes during three stages of sclerotial metamorphosis of r. solani ag-1 ia were investigated by utilizing complementary dna ... | 2015 | 25763752 |
| toward deciphering the genome-wide transcriptional responses of rice to phosphate starvation and recovery. | phosphate (pi) limitation is one of the major factors negatively impacting crop yield worldwide. next generation sequencing (ngs) was used to profile the transcriptomes of rice (oryza sativa) roots and shoots after phosphate starvation and recovery, shedding further light on the complex and dynamic mechanisms involved in pi homeostasis. the use of ngs also enabled the identification of previously not annotated loci and novel isoforms of genes that are specifically induced by pi starvation. furth ... | 2014 | 25764427 |
| a targeted metabolomics approach toward understanding metabolic variations in rice under pesticide stress. | diazinon insecticide is widely applied throughout rice (oryza sativa l.) fields in iran. however, concerns are now being raised about its potential adverse impacts on rice fields. in this study, a time-course metabolic change in rice plants was investigated after diazinon treatment using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms), and subsequently the statistical strategy of random forest (rf) was performed in order to find the stress-associated effects. according to the results, a wide range ... | 2015 | 25766578 |
| polyphenols in whole rice grain: genetic diversity and health benefits. | polyphenols, such as phenolic acid, anthocyanin and proanthocyanidins, have both nutraceutical properties and functional significance for human health. identification of polyphenolic compounds and investigation of their genetic basis among diverse rice genotypes provides the basis for the improvement of the nutraceutical properties of whole rice grain. this review focuses on current information on the identification, genetic diversity, formation and distribution patterns of the phenolic acid, an ... | 2015 | 25766805 |
| fungal and bacterial metabolites associated with natural contamination of locally processed rice (oryza sativa l.) in nigeria. | this study reports the fungal and bacterial metabolites associated with natural contamination of 38 composite samples of locally processed rice from five agro-ecological zones of nigeria (aezs). the samples were evaluated for the presence of microbial metabolites by lc-ms/ms. among the identified metabolites, 63 fungal and 5 bacterial metabolites were measured at varying concentrations and occurrence levels. fusarium toxins had the highest incidence of 79%, but occurred in low amounts with fumon ... | 2015 | 25767914 |
| genotypic variation in the uptake, accumulation, and translocation of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate by twenty cultivars of rice (oryza sativa l.). | agricultural soil in china contains high levels of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (dehp), especially in paddy-field soil of guangdong province of china, but the accumulation and translocation of dehp by rice (oryza sativa l.) remains unknown. in the present study, twenty rice cultivars were cultivated in paddy soil spiked with dehp, and variations in dehp accumulation and translocation among various cultivars were investigated. our results showed that dehp concentrations in roots and shoots of diff ... | 2015 | 25768422 |
| qrt9, a quantitative trait locus controlling root thickness and root length in upland rice. | breeding for strong root systems is an important strategy for improving drought avoidance in rice. to clone genes responsible for strong root traits, an upland rice introgression line il392 with thicker and longer roots than the background parent lowland rice yuefu was selected. a quantitative trait locus (qtl), qrt9, controlling root thickness and root length was detected under hydroponic culture using 203 f(2:3) populations derived from a cross between yuefu and il392. the qrt9 locus explained ... | 2015 | 25769309 |
| brassinosteroids are involved in fe homeostasis in rice (oryza sativa l.). | brassinosteroids (brs) are steroid hormones that modulate numerous physiological processes in plants. however, few studies have focused on the involvement of brs in sensing and responding to the stress of mineral nutrient deficiency. in the present study, we evaluated the roles of brs in the response of rice (oryza sativa) to iron (fe) deficiency during fe uptake, transport, and translocation. exogenous application of 24-epibrassinolide (ebr) to wild-type (wt) plants exaggerated leaf symptoms of ... | 2015 | 25770588 |
| mitigation of cu(ii) phytotoxicity to rice (oryza sativa) in the presence of tio₂ and ceo₂ nanoparticles combined with humic acid. | engineered nanoparticles (nps) and natural organic matter (nom) in the environment may interact with background contaminants such as heavy metals and modify their bioavailability and toxicity. in the present study, the combined influences of 2 common nps (tio2 and ceo2 ) and humic acid (ha; as a model nom) on cu(ii) phytotoxicity to rice were investigated by a 3-d root elongation assay performed on filter paper media. the results showed that the adsorption coefficients of bare tio2 and ceo2 nps ... | 2015 | 25771918 |
| stress-induced oryza sativa bat1 dual helicase exhibits unique bipolar translocation. | hla-b associated transcript 1 (bat1) protein, also named as spliceosome rna helicase uap56, is a member of the dexd/h-box family of helicases. however, regulation under stress, biochemical properties, and functions of plant homologue of bat1 are poorly understood. here, we report the purification and detailed biochemical characterization of the oryza sativa homologue of bat1 (osbat1/uap56) protein (52 kda) and regulation of its transcript under abiotic stress. osbat1 transcript levels are enhanc ... | 2015 | 25772680 |
| dna-protein cross-links involved in growth inhibition of rice seedlings exposed to ga. | hydroponic experiments were conducted with rice seedlings (oryza sativa l. cv. xzx45) exposed to gallium nitrate (ga(3+)) to investigate the accumulation of ga in plant tissues and phytotoxic responses. results showed that phyto-transport of ga was apparent, and roots were the dominant site for ga accumulation. the total accumulation rates of ga responded biphasically to ga treatments by showing increases at low (1.06-8.52 mg ga/l) and constants at high (8.52-15.63 mg ga/l) concentrations, sugge ... | 2015 | 25772880 |
| biosynthesis of odd-chain fatty alcohols in escherichia coli. | engineered microbes offer the opportunity to design and implement artificial molecular pathways for renewable production of tailored chemical commodities. targeted biosynthesis of odd-chain fatty alcohols is very challenging in microbe, due to the specificity of fatty acids synthase for two-carbon unit elongation. here, we developed a novel strategy to directly tailor carbon number in fatty aldehydes formation step by incorporating α-dioxygenase (αdox) from oryza sativa (rice) into escherichia c ... | 2015 | 25773521 |
| an ontology approach to comparative phenomics in plants. | plant phenotype datasets include many different types of data, formats, and terms from specialized vocabularies. because these datasets were designed for different audiences, they frequently contain language and details tailored to investigators with different research objectives and backgrounds. although phenotype comparisons across datasets have long been possible on a small scale, comprehensive queries and analyses that span a broad set of reference species, research disciplines, and knowledg ... | 2015 | 25774204 |
| physiological role of a multigrain diet in metabolic regulations of lipid and antioxidant profiles in hypercholesteremic rats: multigrain diet in hyperlipemia. | the objective of the present study was to investigate the lipid and the antioxidant regulatory potential of a multigrain diet in laboratory animals with reference to lipid profiles, tissue lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status. | 2014 | 25780697 |
| priming effect of abscisic acid on alkaline stress tolerance in rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings. | saline-alkaline stress is characterized by high salinity and high alkalinity (high ph); alkaline stress has been shown to be the primary factor inhibiting rice seedling growth. in this study, we investigated the potential priming effect of abscisic acid (aba) on tolerance of rice seedlings to alkaline stress simulated by na2co3. seedlings were pretreated with aba at concentrations of 0 (control), 10, and 50 μm by root-drench for 24 h and then transferred to a na2co3 solution that did not contain ... | 2015 | 25780993 |
| effects of ripening temperature on starch structure and gelatinization, pasting, and cooking properties in rice (oryza sativa). | the effect of ripening temperature on rice (oryza sativa) grain quality was evaluated by assessing starch structure and gelatinization, pasting, and cooking properties. as the ripening temperature increased, the amylose content and number of short amylopectin chains decreased, whereas intermediate amylopectin chains increased, resulting in higher gelatinization temperatures and enthalpy in the starch. these results suggested that an increase in cooking temperature and time would be required for ... | 2015 | 25781203 |
| genome-wide association mapping for yield and other agronomic traits in an elite breeding population of tropical rice (oryza sativa). | genome-wide association mapping studies (gwas) are frequently used to detect qtl in diverse collections of crop germplasm, based on historic recombination events and linkage disequilibrium across the genome. generally, diversity panels genotyped with high density snp panels are utilized in order to assay a wide range of alleles and haplotypes and to monitor recombination breakpoints across the genome. by contrast, gwas have not generally been performed in breeding populations. in this study we p ... | 2015 | 25785447 |
| autophagy supports biomass production and nitrogen use efficiency at the vegetative stage in rice. | much of the nitrogen in leaves is distributed to chloroplasts, mainly in photosynthetic proteins. during leaf senescence, chloroplastic proteins, including rubisco, are rapidly degraded, and the released nitrogen is remobilized and reused in newly developing tissues. autophagy facilitates the degradation of intracellular components for nutrient recycling in all eukaryotes, and recent studies have revealed critical roles for autophagy in rubisco degradation and nitrogen remobilization into seeds ... | 2015 | 25786829 |
| functions for rice rfl in vegetative axillary meristem specification and outgrowth. | axillary meristems (ams) are secondary shoot meristems whose outgrowth determines plant architecture. in rice, ams form tillers, and tillering mutants reveal an interplay between transcription factors and the phytohormones auxin and strigolactone as some factors that underpin this developmental process. previous studies showed that knockdown of the transcription factor gene rfl reduced tillering and caused a very large decrease in panicle branching. here, the relationship between rfl, am initiat ... | 2015 | 25788736 |
| time-course association mapping of the grain-filling rate in rice (oryza sativa l.). | detecting quantity trait locus (qtls) and elite alleles that are associated with grain-filling rate (gfr) in rice is essential for promoting the utilization of hybrid japonica rice and improving rice yield. ninety-five varieties including 58 landraces and 37 elite varieties from the core germplasm collection were genotyped with 263 simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers. the gfr of the 95 varieties was evaluated at five stages, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days after flowering (daf) both in 2011 and 2012. ... | 2015 | 25789629 |
| the arabidopsis ca²⁺-dependent protein kinase cpk27 is required for plant response to salt-stress. | ca(2+)-dependent protein kinases (cdpks) play vital roles in plant adaptations to environmental challenges. the precise regulatory mechanism of cdpks in mediating salt stress still remains unclear, although several cdpk members have been identified to be involved in salt stress accumulation in various plants, such as arabidopsis thaliana and oryza sativa. here, we investigated the function of an arabidopsis cdpk, cpk27, in salt stress-signaling. cpk27 is a membrane-localized protein kinase; its ... | 2015 | 25791495 |
| quantitative proteomic analysis of the rice (oryza sativa l.) salt response. | salt stress is one of most serious limiting factors for crop growth and production. an isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (itraq) approach was used to analyze proteomic changes in rice shoots under salt stress in this study. a total of 56 proteins were significantly altered and 16 of them were enriched in the pathways of photosynthesis, antioxidant and oxidative phosphorylation. among these 16 proteins, peroxiredoxin q and photosystem i subunit d were up-regulated, while thiore ... | 2015 | 25793471 |
| a census of nuclear cyanobacterial recruits in the plant kingdom. | the plastids and mitochondria of the eukaryotic cell are of endosymbiotic origin. these events occurred ~2 billion years ago and produced significant changes in the genomes of the host and the endosymbiont. previous studies demonstrated that the invasion of land affected plastids and mitochondria differently and that the paths of mitochondrial integration differed between animals and plants. other studies examined the reasons why a set of proteins remained encoded in the organelles and were not ... | 2015 | 25794152 |
| mitigating heavy metal accumulation into rice (oryza sativa l.) using biochar amendment--a field experiment in hunan, china. | a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of bean stalk (bbc) and rice straw (rbc) biochars on the bioavailability of metal(loid)s in soil and their accumulation into rice plants. phytoavailability of cd was most dramatically influenced by biochars addition. both biochars significantly decreased cd concentrations in iron plaque (35-81 %), roots (30-75 %), shoots (43-79 %) and rice grain (26-71 %). following biochars addition, zinc concentrations in roots and shoots decreased by ... | 2015 | 25794575 |
| genome-wide association study of rice (oryza sativa l.) leaf traits with a high-throughput leaf scorer. | leaves are the plant's solar panel and food factory, and leaf traits are always key issues to investigate in plant research. traditional methods for leaf trait measurement are time-consuming. in this work, an engineering prototype has been established for high-throughput leaf scoring (hls) of a large number of oryza sativa accessions. the mean absolute per cent of errors in traditional measurements versus hls were below 5% for leaf number, area, shape, and colour. moreover, hls can measure up to ... | 2015 | 25796084 |
| a cytochrome p450, osdss1, is involved in growth and drought stress responses in rice (oryza sativa l.). | cytochrome p450s are among the largest protein coding gene families in plant genomes. however, majority of the genes remain uncharacterized. here, we report the characterization of dss1, a rice mutant showing dwarfism and reduced grain size. the dss1 phenotype is caused by a non-synonymous point mutation we identified in dss1, which is member of a p450 gene cluster located on rice chromosome 3 and corresponds to the previously reported cyp96b4/sd37 gene. phenotypes of several dwarf mutants chara ... | 2015 | 25800365 |
| iron- and manganese-assisted cadmium tolerance in oryza sativa l.: lowering of rhizotoxicity next to functional photosynthesis. | cadmium toxicity is alleviated by iron and manganese supplements because of reduction in cadmium accumulation and upholding of redox regulation that prevent cadmium-inducible damage to root growth and photosynthesis. cadmium toxicity in oryza sativa l. mtu 7029 was investigated in the presence of different concentrations of the micronutrients fe and mn. it had been observed that these micronutrients reduce cd uptake and minimize cd-inducible rhizotoxicity. the photosynthetic electron transport c ... | 2015 | 25805339 |
| unveiling chemical defense in the rice stalk stink bug against the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae. | eggs, nymphs (1st-5th instar) and adults of tibraca limbativentris were challenged by conidial suspensions of its major fungal pathogen metarhizium anisopliae in order to assess their susceptibility. the role of chemical defensive compounds from exocrine secretions produced by both nymphs and adults were examined for their participation on m. anisopliae infection. although insect susceptibility to m. anisopliae followed a dose-dependent manner, adults followed by older nymphs displayed the highe ... | 2015 | 25805519 |
| simple and rapid determination of n(6)-(δ(2)-isopentenyl)adenine, zeatin, and dihydrozeatin in plants using on-line cleanup liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry. | a simple and rapid method was developed for the determination of three free cytokinins, namely, n(6)-(δ(2)-isopentenyl)adenine, zeatin, and dihydrozeatin, in plants using turboflow on-line cleanup liquid chromatography combined with hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry. the samples were extracted using acetonitrile, and then the extract was purified on a c18-p column, in which the sample matrix was removed and the analytes were retained. subsequently, the analytes were el ... | 2015 | 25808789 |
| highly specific gene silencing in a monocot species by artificial micrornas derived from chimeric mirna precursors. | artificial micrornas (amirnas) are used for selective gene silencing in plants. however, current methods to produce amirna constructs for silencing transcripts in monocot species are not suitable for simple, cost-effective and large-scale synthesis. here, a series of expression vectors based on oryza sativa mir390 (osmir390) precursor was developed for high-throughput cloning and high expression of amirnas in monocots. four different amirna sequences designed to target specifically endogenous ge ... | 2015 | 25809382 |
| ricenet v2: an improved network prioritization server for rice genes. | rice is the most important staple food crop and a model grass for studies of bioenergy crops. we previously published a genome-scale functional network server called ricenet, constructed by integrating diverse genomics data and demonstrated the use of the network in genetic dissection of rice biotic stress responses and its usefulness for other grass species. since the initial construction of the network, there has been a significant increase in the amount of publicly available rice genomics dat ... | 2015 | 25813048 |
| in silico analysis of the genes encoding proteins that are involved in the biosynthesis of the rms/max/d pathway revealed new roles of strigolactones in plants. | strigolactones were described as a new group of phytohormones in 2008 and since then notable large number of their functions has been uncovered, including the regulation of plant growth and development, interactions with other organisms and a plant's response to different abiotic stresses. in the last year, investigations of the strigolactone biosynthesis pathway in two model species, arabidopsis thaliana and oryza sativa, resulted in great progress in understanding the functions of four enzymes ... | 2015 | 25815594 |
| sex-biased gene expression in dioecious garden asparagus (asparagus officinalis). | sex chromosomes have evolved independently in phylogenetically diverse flowering plant lineages. the genes governing sex determination in dioecious species remain unknown, but theory predicts that the linkage of genes influencing male and female function will spur the origin and early evolution of sex chromosomes. for example, in an xy system, the origin of an active y may be spurred by the linkage of female suppressing and male promoting genes. garden asparagus (asparagus officinalis) serves as ... | 2015 | 25817071 |
| spikelet-specific variation in ethylene production and constitutive expression of ethylene receptors and signal transducers during grain filling of compact- and lax-panicle rice (oryza sativa) cultivars. | grain yields in modern super rice cultivars do not always meet the expectations because many spikelets are located on secondary branches in closely packed homogeneous distribution in these plants, and they do not fill properly. the factors limiting grain filling of such spikelets, especially in the lower panicle branches, are elusive. two long-duration rice cultivars differing in panicle density, mahalaxmi (compact) and upahar (lax), were cultivated in an open field plot. grain filling, ethylene ... | 2015 | 25817414 |
| total and inorganic arsenic in iranian rice. | it is well known that arsenic (as) exposure, particularly to inorganic species (i-as), has adverse effects on humans. nowadays, the european union (eu) has still not regulated the maximum residue limit of as in commercial samples of rice and rice-based products, although it is actively working on the topic. the european food safety authority (efsa) is collecting data on total arsenic (t-as) and i-as from different rice-producing regions not only from eu countries but also from other parts of the ... | 2015 | 25817563 |
| population structure, pathogenicity, and mating type distribution of magnaporthe oryzae isolates from east africa. | rice blast, caused by magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the emergent threats to rice production in east africa (ea), where little is known about the population genetics and pathogenicity of this pathogen. we investigated the genetic diversity and mating type (mat) distribution of 88 isolates of m. oryzae from ea and representative isolates from west africa (wa) and the philippines (asia) using amplified fragment length polymorphism markers and mating-type-specific primer sets. in addition, the aggre ... | 2015 | 25822189 |
| estimating annual soil carbon loss in agricultural peatland soils using a nitrogen budget approach. | around the world, peatland degradation and soil subsidence is occurring where these soils have been converted to agriculture. since initial drainage in the mid-1800s, continuous farming of such soils in the california sacramento-san joaquin delta (the delta) has led to subsidence of up to 8 meters in places, primarily due to soil organic matter (som) oxidation and physical compaction. rice (oryza sativa) production has been proposed as an alternative cropping system to limit som oxidation. preli ... | 2015 | 25822494 |
| gene targeting by the tal effector pthxo2 reveals cryptic resistance gene for bacterial blight of rice. | bacterial blight of rice is caused by the γ-proteobacterium xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, which utilizes a group of type iii tal (transcription activator-like) effectors to induce host gene expression and condition host susceptibility. five sweet genes are functionally redundant to support bacterial disease, but only two were experimentally proven targets of natural tal effectors. here, we report the identification of the sucrose transporter gene ossweet13 as the disease-susceptibility gene for ... | 2015 | 25824104 |
| genomic prediction of biological shape: elliptic fourier analysis and kernel partial least squares (pls) regression applied to grain shape prediction in rice (oryza sativa l.). | shape is an important morphological characteristic both in animals and plants. in the present study, we examined a method for predicting biological contour shapes based on genome-wide marker polymorphisms. the method is expected to contribute to the acceleration of genetic improvement of biological shape via genomic selection. grain shape variation observed in rice (oryza sativa l.) germplasms was delineated using elliptic fourier descriptors (efds), and was predicted based on genome-wide single ... | 2015 | 25825876 |