Publications

the k-segments of wheat dehydrin wzy2 are essential for its protective functions under temperature stress.	dehydrins (dhns), group 2 of late embryogenesis abundant (lea) proteins, are up-regulated in most plants during cold, drought, heat, or salinity stress. all dhns contain at least one k-segment, which is believed to play a significant role in dhn function by forming an amphipathic helix. in previous studies, wzy2, an ysk2-type dhn gene, was isolated from the zhengyin 1 cultivar of triticum aestivum under cold and drought stress treatment conditions. four wzy2 truncated derivatives were constructe ...	2015	26124763
using 7 cm immobilized ph gradient strips to determine levels of clinically relevant proteins in wheat grain extracts.	the aim of the work was to test a relatively simple proteomics approach based on phenol extraction and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) with 7 cm immobilized ph gradient strips for the determination of clinically relevant proteins in wheat grain. using this approach, 157 2-de spots were quantified in biological triplicate, out of which 55 were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization - time of flight tandem mass spectrometry. clinically relevant proteins associated wit ...	2015	26124766
regulation of invertase activity in different root zones of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings in the course of osmotic adjustment under water deficit conditions.	osmotic adjustment of roots is an essential adaptive mechanism to sustain water uptake and root growth under water deficit. in this paper, the role of invertases (β-fructofuranosidase, ec 3.2.1.26) in osmotic adjustment was investigated in the root tips (cell division and elongation zone) and the root maturation zone of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. josef) in the course of osmotic stress imposed by 20% polyethylene glycol (peg) 6000. the two root zones investigated differed distinctly in the r ...	2015	26125123
genome-, transcriptome- and proteome-wide analyses of the gliadin gene families in triticum urartu.	gliadins are the major components of storage proteins in wheat grains, and they play an essential role in the dough extensibility and nutritional quality of flour. because of the large number of the gliadin family members, the high level of sequence identity, and the lack of abundant genomic data for triticum species, identifying the full complement of gliadin family genes in hexaploid wheat remains challenging. triticum urartu is a wild diploid wheat species and considered the a-genome donor of ...	2015	26132381
effect of stay-green wheat, a novel variety of wheat in china, on glucose and lipid metabolism in high-fat diet induced type 2 diabetic rats.	the use of natural hypoglycemic compounds is important in preventing and managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm). forty male sprague-dawley rats weighing 150-180 g were divided into four groups to investigate the effects of the compounds in stay-green wheat (sgw), a novel variety of wheat in china, on t2dm rats. the control group (ndc) was fed with a standard diet, while t2dm was induced in the rats belonging to the other three groups by a high-fat diet followed by a streptozotocin (stz) inject ...	2015	26132991
mapping quantitative trait loci for peroxidase activity and developing gene-specific markers for tapod-a1 on wheat chromosome 3al.	three novel qtl for peroxidase activity were mapped, and gene-specific markers for tapod-a1 were developed and validated using rils derived from the doumai/shi 4185 cross and 281 wheat cultivars. tapod-a1 is within one of the three qtl. peroxidase (pod) activity in grain is an important factor determining the color of flour and end-use products of wheat, such as noodles and steamed bread. mapping qtl for pod activity, characterization of pod genes and development of gene-specific markers are imp ...	2015	26133734
agriproteomics of bread wheat: comparative proteomics and network analyses of grain size variation.	agriproteomics signifies the merging of agriculture research and proteomics systems science and is impacting plant research and societal development. wheat is a frequently consumed foodstuff, has highly variable grain size that in effect contributes to wheat grain yield and the end-product quality. very limited information is available on molecular basis of grain size due to complex multifactorial nature of this trait. here, using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we investigated the prot ...	2015	26134253
identification of a member of the catalase multigene family on wheat chromosome 7a associated with flour b* colour and biological significance of allelic variation.	carotenoids (especially lutein) are known to be the pigment source for flour b* colour in bread wheat. flour b* colour variation is controlled by a quantitative trait locus (qtl) on wheat chromosome 7al and one gene from the carotenoid pathway, phytoene synthase, was functionally associated with the qtl on 7al in some, but not all, wheat genotypes. a snp marker within a sequence similar to catalase (cat3-a1snp) derived from full-length (fl) cdna (ak332460), however, was consistently associated w ...	2015	26134858
comparative studies of mitochondrial proteomics reveal an intimate protein network of male sterility in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	plant male sterility has often been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction; however, the mechanism in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) has not been elucidated. this study set out to probe the mechanism of physiological male sterility (phyms) induced by the chemical hybridizing agent (cha)-sq-1, and cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) of wheat at the proteomic level. a total of 71 differentially expressed mitochondrial proteins were found to be involved in pollen abortion and further identified by ma ...	2015	26136264
mirna-based drought regulation in wheat.	micrornas (mirnas) are a class of small non-coding regulatory rnas that regulate gene expression by guiding target mrna cleavage or translational inhibition. drought is a common environmental stress influencing crop growth and development. to date, it has been reported that a number of plant mirna are involved in drought stress response. in this study, we comparatively investigated drought stress-responsive mirnas in the root and leaf of bread wheat (triticum aestivum cv. sivas 111/33) by mirna ...	2016	26141043
elevation of arginine decarboxylase-dependent putrescine production enhances aluminum tolerance by decreasing aluminum retention in root cell walls of wheat.	aluminum (al) stress induces putrescine (put) accumulation in several plants and this response is proposed to alleviate al toxicity. however, the mechanisms underlying this alleviation remain largely unknown. here, we show that exposure to al clearly increases put accumulation in the roots of wheat plants (triticum aestivum l. 'xi aimai-1') and that this was accompanied by significant increase in the activity of arginine decarboxylase (adc), a put producing enzyme. application of an adc inhibito ...	2015	26142157
biotreatment of chlorpyrifos in a bench scale bioreactor using psychrobacter alimentarius t14.	bacteria tolerant to high pesticide concentration could be used for designing an efficient treatment technology. bacterial strains t14 was isolated from pesticide-contaminated soil in mineral salt medium (msm) and identified as psychrobacter alimentarius t14 using 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. bench scale bioreactor was evaluated for biotreatment of high chlorpyrifos (cp) concentration using p. alimentarius t14. effect of various parameters on bioreactor performance was examined and optimum r ...	2016	26144866
microautophagy involves programmed cell semi-death of sieve elements in developing caryopsis of triticum aestivum l.	differentiation of sieve elements (ses) involves programmed cell semi-death, in which a small amount of organelles is retained. however, the mechanisms by which a large amount of se cytoplasm is degraded and the specific proteases involved are not clear. in this study, we confirmed that the degradation of cytoplasm outside of the vacuole was mediated by microautophagy of the vacuole, and that the tonoplast selectively fused with the plasma membrane after most of the cytoplasm in the vacuoles was ...	2015	26146941
multiple rounds of ancient and recent hybridizations have occurred within the aegilops-triticum complex.		2015	26147650
arbuscular mycorrhiza improve growth, nitrogen uptake, and nitrogen use efficiency in wheat grown under elevated co2.	effects of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungus rhizophagus irregularis on plant growth, carbon (c) and nitrogen (n) accumulation, and partitioning was investigated in triticum aestivum l. plants grown under elevated co2 in a pot experiment. wheat plants inoculated or not inoculated with the am fungus were grown in two glasshouse cells with different co2 concentrations (400 and 700 ppm) for 10 weeks. a (15)n isotope labeling technique was used to trace plant n uptake. results showed that eleva ...	2016	26148451
comparative metabolic responses and adaptive strategies of wheat (triticum aestivum) to salt and alkali stress.	it is well known that salinization (high-ph) has been considered as a major environmental threat to agricultural systems. the aim of this study was to investigate the differences between salt stress and alkali stress in metabolic profiles and nutrient accumulation of wheat; these parameters were also evaluated to determine the physiological adaptive mechanisms by which wheat tolerates alkali stress.	2015	26149720
effect of ovary induction on bread wheat anther culture: ovary genotype and developmental stage, and candidate gene association.	ovary pre-conditioned medium and ovary co-culture increased the efficiency of green doubled haploid plant production in bread wheat anther culture. the positive effect of this medium led to a 6- and 11-fold increase in the numbers of embryos and green plants, respectively, having a greater effect on a medium-low responding cultivar. ovary genotype and developmental stage significantly affected microspore embryogenesis. by the use of caramba ovaries it was possible to reach a 2-fold increase in t ...	2015	26150821
molecular characterization of novel lmw-i glutenin subunit genes from triticum urartu thum. ex gandil.	a high level of genetic diversity was found in lmw-i genes from triticum urartu, resulting in detection of 11 novel alleles. the variability detected could affect gluten quality. low-molecular weight glutenin subunits are important in determining the viscoelastic properties of wheat dough. triticum urartu thum. ex gandil., which is related to the a genome of polyploid wheat, has been shown as a good source of variation for these subunits. the present study evaluated the variability of lmw-i gene ...	2015	26152575
efficacy of silicon priming and fertigation to modulate seedling's vigor and ion homeostasis of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) under saline environment.	seed preconditioning, a short gun approach to modulate the effects of abiotic stresses on crop plants, has recently gained considerable attention of the researchers to induce salinity tolerance in agronomically important crops. the present study was conducted to explore the comparative efficacy of presowing seed priming with silicon (si) and si fertigation to modulate the wheat growth and ion dynamics. seeds of wheat variety, punjab-11, were sown in petri plates having nutrient solutions with (1 ...	2015	26154041
the medical use of wheatgrass: review of the gap between basic and clinical applications.	a wide range of health benefits have been attributed to wheatgrass, the young grass of the common wheat plant triticum aestivum. its components include chlorophyll, flavonoids, and vitamins c and e. forms of wheatgrass include fresh juice, frozen juice, tablets, and powders, with compositions varying according to their production processes, as well as to the growing conditions of the wheatgrass. laboratory in vitro studies, mostly using the fermented wheat germ extract, have demonstrated anti-ca ...	2015	26156538
variation of floret fertility in hexaploid wheat revealed by tiller removal.	grain number per spike, which is greatly influenced by floret fertility, is an important trait of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) yield. maximum floret primordia, fertile floret, and final grain number per spikelet are three crucial factors of floret fertility. floral degradation plays a critical role in determining these three floret fertility-related traits. twelve hexaploid spring wheat genotypes were selected to investigate the influence of detillering on floral degradation and floret fertility ...	2015	26157170
effects of damping-off caused by rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group 2-1 on roots of wheat and oil seed rape quantified using x-ray computed tomography and real-time pcr.	rhizoctonia solani is a plant pathogenic fungus that causes significant establishment and yield losses to several important food crops globally. this is the first application of high resolution x-ray micro computed tomography (x-ray μct) and real-time pcr to study host-pathogen interactions in situ and elucidate the mechanism of rhizoctonia damping-off disease over a 6-day period caused by r. solani, anastomosis group (ag) 2-1 in wheat (triticum aestivum cv. gallant) and oil seed rape (osr, bras ...	2015	26157449
comprehensive molecular characterization of the α/β-gliadin multigene family in hexaploid wheat.	to characterize the structure and expression of a large multigene family of α/β-gliadin genes, 90 individual α/β-gliadin genes harboring a promoter region were identified in the wheat cultivar chinese spring. these genes were classified into eleven groups by phylogenetic analysis, and the chromosomes they were derived from were determined. of these genes, 50 had the basic α/β-gliadin domains and six conserved cysteine residues and 16, 16 and 18 of them were, respectively, located on chromosome 6 ...	2016	26159870
root uptake and translocation of nickel in wheat as affected by histidine.	the role of histidine (his) on root uptake, xylem loading and root to shoot transport of nickel (ni) was investigated in a winter (triticum aestivum cv. back cross) and a durum wheat (triticum durum cv. durum) cultivar. seedlings were grown in a modified johnson nutrient solution and exposed to 10 μm of ni and 100 μm of histidine (his) as no his, ni (10) + his (100) and ni(his) in a 1:1 mole ratio (1:1) complex. in our study, the presence of vanadate (a metabolic inhibitor) resulted in a signifi ...	2015	26162706
mapping of a new stem rust resistance gene sr49 in chromosome 5b of wheat.	a new stem rust resistance gene sr49 was mapped to chromosome 5bl of wheat. usefulness of the closely linked markers sun209 and sun479 for marker-assisted selection of sr49 was demonstrated. landrace aus28011 (mahmoudi), collected from ghardimaou, tunisia, produced low stem rust response against australian pathotypes of puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (pgt) carrying virulence for several stem rust resistance genes deployed in modern wheat cultivars. genetic analysis based on a mahmoudi/yitpi f3 ...	2015	26163768
mannitol alleviates chromium toxicity in wheat plants in relation to growth, yield, stimulation of anti-oxidative enzymes, oxidative stress and cr uptake in sand and soil media.	chromium (cr) is one of the most phytotoxic metals in the agricultural soils and its concentration is continuously increasing mainly through anthropogenic activities. little is known on the role of mannitol (m) on plant growth and physiology under metal stress. the aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of growth amelioration and antioxidant enzyme activities in cr-stressed wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. lasani 2008) by exogenously applied mannitol. for this, wheat seedlings were so ...	2015	26164268
mass spectrometry-based analysis of whole-grain phytochemicals.	whole grains are a rich source of several classes of phytochemicals, such as alkylresorcinols, benzoxazinoids, flavonoids, lignans, and phytosterols. a high intake of whole grains has been linked to a reduced risk of some major noncommunicable diseases, and it has been postulated that a complex mixture of phytochemicals works in synergy to generate beneficial health effects. mass spectrometry, especially when coupled with liquid chromatography, is a widely used method for the analysis of phytoch ...	0	26167744
quantifying the effects of wheat residue on severity of stagonospora nodorum blotch and yield in winter wheat.	stagonospora nodorum blotch (snb), caused by the fungus parastagonospora nodorum, is a major disease of wheat (triticum aestivum). residue from a previously infected wheat crop can be an important source of initial inoculum, but the effects of infected residue on disease severity and yield have not previously been quantified. experiments were conducted in raleigh and salisbury, north carolina, in 2012, 2013, and 2014 using the moderately susceptible winter wheat cultivar dg shirley. in 2014, the ...	2015	26167761
dryland soil chemical properties and crop yields affected by long-term tillage and cropping sequence.	information on the effect of long-term management on soil nutrients and chemical properties is scanty. we examined the 30-year effect of tillage frequency and cropping sequence combination on dryland soil olsen-p, k, ca, mg, na, so4-s, and zn concentrations, ph, electrical conductivity (ec), and cation exchange capacity (cec) at the 0-120 cm depth and annualized crop yield in the northern great plains, usa. treatments were no-till continuous spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) (ntcw), spring til ...	2015	26171303
genes upregulated in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) during mild freezing and subsequent thawing suggest sequential activation of multiple response mechanisms.	exposing fully cold-acclimated wheat plants to a mild freeze-thaw cycle of -3 °c for 24h followed by +3 °c for 24 or 48 h results in dramatically improved tolerance of subsequent exposure to sub-freezing temperatures. gene enrichment analysis of crown tissue from plants collected before or after the -3 °c freeze or after thawing at +3 °c for 24 or 48 h revealed that many biological processes and molecular functions were activated during the freeze-thaw cycle in an increasing cascade of responses ...	2015	26173115
forensic dna analysis of wheat flour as commonly used in white powder cases.	in the wake of terrorist attacks using anthrax and ricin, white powder is often encountered in cases of malicious mischief and terrorist threats. wheat flour is a common white powder encountered in such criminal investigations. we used dna analysis to investigate wheat flour samples for identification and discrimination as trace evidence. species identification of commercially available wheat flour was carried out by sequencing a partial region of the ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large subu ...	2015	26174661
dough properties and bread-making quality-related characteristics of yumechikara near-isogenic wheat lines carrying different glu-b3 alleles.	we investigated the relationships of three allelic variations in glu-b3 (ab, g, and h) with dough properties and bread-making quality-related characteristics using near-isogenic lines (nils) of 'yumechikara' that commonly carry glu-a1a, glu-b1b, glu-d1d, glu-a3f, glu-b3ab and glu-d3a. measurement of peak time (pt) in a 2-g mixograph indicated that glu-b3g was the most effective for a strong dough property, followed by glu-b3ab, with glu-b3h being the least effective. the results of measurement o ...	2015	26175621
abscisic acid enhances tolerance of wheat seedlings to drought and regulates transcript levels of genes encoding ascorbate-glutathione biosynthesis.	glutathione (gsh) and ascorbate (asa) are associated with the abscisic acid (aba)-induced abiotic tolerance in higher plant, however, its molecular mechanism remains obscure. in this study, exogenous application (10 μm) of aba significantly increased the tolerance of seedlings of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) suffering from 5 days of 15% polyethylene glycol (peg)-stimulated drought stress, as demonstrated by increased shoot lengths and shoot and root dry weights, while showing decreased co ...	2015	26175737
genome wide association mapping for arabinoxylan content in a collection of tetraploid wheats.	arabinoxylans (axs) are major components of plant cell walls in bread wheat and are important in bread-making and starch extraction. furthermore, arabinoxylans are components of soluble dietary fibre that has potential health-promoting effects in human nutrition. despite their high value for human health, few studies have been carried out on the genetics of ax content in durum wheat.	2015	26176552
exploring and mobilizing the gene bank biodiversity for wheat improvement.	identifying and mobilizing useful genetic variation from germplasm banks to breeding programs is an important strategy for sustaining crop genetic improvement. the molecular diversity of 1,423 spring bread wheat accessions representing major global production environments was investigated using high quality genotyping-by-sequencing (gbs) loci, and gene-based markers for various adaptive and quality traits. mean diversity index (di) estimates revealed synthetic hexaploids to be genetically more d ...	2015	26176697
generation of wheat transcription factor fox rice lines and systematic screening for salt and osmotic stress tolerance.	transcription factors (tfs) play important roles in plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stress. in this study, we collected 1,455 full-length (fl) cdnas of tfs, representing 45 families, from wheat and its relatives triticum urartu, aegilops speltoides, aegilops tauschii, triticum carthlicum, and triticum aestivum. more than 15,000 t0 tf fox (full-length cdna over-expressing) rice lines were generated; of these, 10,496 lines set seeds. about 14.88% of the t0 plants showed o ...	2015	26176782
combining field performance with controlled environment plant imaging to identify the genetic control of growth and transpiration underlying yield response to water-deficit stress in wheat.	crop yield in low-rainfall environments is a complex trait under multigenic control that shows significant genotype×environment (g×e) interaction. one way to understand and track this trait is to link physiological studies to genetics by using imaging platforms to phenotype large segregating populations. a wheat population developed from parental lines contrasting in their mechanisms of yield maintenance under water deficit was studied in both an imaging platform and in the field. we combined ph ...	2015	26179580
vacuolar targeting of r-proteins in sugarcane leads to higher levels of purifiable commercially equivalent recombinant proteins in cane juice.	sugarcane is an ideal candidate for biofarming applications because of its large biomass, rapid growth rate, efficient carbon fixation pathway and a well-developed storage tissue system. vacuoles occupy a large proportion of the storage parenchyma cells in the sugarcane stem, and the stored products can be harvested as juice by crushing the cane. hence, for the production of any high-value protein, it could be targeted to the lytic vacuoles so as to extract and purify the protein of interest fro ...	2016	26183462
marker development, saturation mapping, and high-resolution mapping of the septoria nodorum blotch susceptibility gene snn3-b1 in wheat.	septoria nodorum blotch (snb), caused by parastagonospora nodorum, is a severe foliar and glume disease on durum and common wheat. pathogen-produced necrotrophic effectors (nes) are the major determinants for snb on leaves. one such ne is sntox3, which evokes programmed cell death and leads to disease when recognized by the wheat snn3-b1 gene. here, we developed saturated genetic linkage maps of the snn3-b1 region using two f2 populations derived from the sntox3-sensitive line sumai 3 crossed wi ...	2016	26187026
characterization of a novel y-type hmw-gs with eight cysteine residues from triticum monococcum ssp. monococcum.	the composition and number of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gss) play important roles in determining the grain-processing quality of common wheat. the glu-1ay allele is silent in common wheat. in this study, an active y-type hmw-gs allele termed 1ay8.2 (genbank no. kp137569) was identified from triticum monococcum l. ssp. monococcum (amam, 2n=2x=14), a species with a genome related to the a-genome of common wheat. compared with previously reported active 1ay subunits, this novel s ...	2015	26187064
genome-wide association study of phosphorus-deficiency-tolerance traits in aegilops tauschii.	using gwas, 13 significant snps distributed on six of the seven aegilops tauschii chromosomes (all but 5d) were identified, and several candidate p-deficiency-responsive genes were proposed from searches of public databases. aegilops tauschii, the wheat (triticum aestivum) d-genome progenitor, possesses numerous genes for stress resistance, including genes for tolerance of phosphorus (p) deficiency. investigation of the genetic architecture of a. tauschii will help in developing p-deficiency-tol ...	2015	26187748
the effects of fermented wheat powder (lisosan g) on the blood lipids and oxidative status of healthy rabbits.	a number of studies have shown that whole grain products have strong antioxidant effects. lisosan g, a powder produced from the fermentation of triticum aestivum, has shown hepatoprotective effects. the aim of this paper was to evaluate the effects of lisosan g on the serum lipid profile and oxidative status of healthy rabbits. forty rabbits were fed either a normal diet or a diet containing 10 g, 20 g or 30 g lisosan g/kg of feed for 60 days. the supplementation of lisosan g did not cause any a ...	2015	26188178
allelic variation at the vernalization and photoperiod sensitivity loci in chinese winter wheat cultivars (triticum aestivum l.).	a total of 205 wheat cultivars from the yellow and huai valley of china were used to identify allelic variations of vernalization and photoperiod response genes, as well as the copy number variations (cnvs) of ppd-b1 and vrn-a1 genes. a novel vrn-d1 allele with 174-bp insertion in the promoter region of the recessive allele vrn-d1 was discovered in three chinese wheat cultivars and designated as vrn-d1c. quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that cultivars with the vrn-d1c alle ...	2015	26191066
genome-wide identification and expression characterization of abcc-mrp transporters in hexaploid wheat.	the abcc multidrug resistance associated proteins (abcc-mrp), a subclass of abc transporters are involved in multiple physiological processes that include cellular homeostasis, metal detoxification, and transport of glutathione-conjugates. although they are well-studied in humans, yeast, and arabidopsis, limited efforts have been made to address their possible role in crop like wheat. in the present work, 18 wheat abcc-mrp proteins were identified that showed the uniform distribution with sub-fa ...	2015	26191068
development of transgenic wheat (triticum aestivum l.) expressing avidin gene conferring resistance to stored product insects.	wheat is considered the most important cereal crop all over the world. the wheat weevil sitophilus granarius is a serious insect pests in much of the wheat growing area worldwide and is responsible for significant loss of yield. avidin proteins has been proposed to function as plant defense agents against insect pests.	2015	26194497
novel function of a putative moc1 ortholog associated with spikelet number per spike in common wheat.	axillary meristems play an important role in determining final plant architecture and floral structures. tomato ls, arabidopsis las and rice moc1 are orthologous genes regulating axillary meristem initiation and outgrowth. their functions are generally conserved but the functional specificities are divergent among species. obvious differences between rice panicles and wheat spikes suggest the divergent functions of moc1 and its wheat ortholog. we show that tamoc1 might be involved in wheat spike ...	2015	26197925
antioxidant and phytobiological studies on two allium cepa l. extracts.	to investigate the antioxidant potential of two allium cepa l. extracts.	2015	26204673
comparison of the effects of different heat treatment processes on rheological properties of cake and bread wheat flours.	dry and hydrothermal heat treatments are efficient for modifying the technological-functional and shelf-life properties of wheat milling products. dry heat treatment process is commonly used to enhance the volume of cakes. hydrothermal heat treatment makes wheat flours suitable as thickener agents. in this study, cake and bread wheat flours that differed in baking properties were exposed to dry (100 °c, 12 min) and hydrothermal (95 °c, 5 min, 5-20 l/h water) heat treatments. rheological differen ...	2016	26213066
codon usage bias analysis for the spermidine synthase gene from camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze.	the spermidine synthase (spds) gene exists widely in all types of plants. in this paper, the codon usage of the spds gene from camellia sinensis (csspds) was analyzed. the results showed that the codon usage of the csspds gene is biased towards the t-ended or a-ended codons, which is similar to that observed in 73 genes selected from the c. sinensis genome. an enc-plot for 15 spds genes from various plant species suggested that mutational bias was the major factor in shaping codon usage in these ...	2015	26214415
stripe rust resistance and dough quality of new wheat - dasypyrum villosum translocation lines t1dl•1v#3s and t1ds•1v#3l and the location of hmw-gs genes.	the transfer of agronomically useful genes from wild wheat species into cultivated wheat is one of the most effective approaches to improvement of wheat varieties. to evaluate the transfer of genes from dasypyrum villosum into triticum aestivum, wheat quality and disease resistance was evaluated in two new translocation lines, t1dl•1v#3s and t1ds•1v#3l. we examined the levels of stripe rust resistance and dough quality in the two lines, and identified and located the stripe rust resistant genes ...	2015	26214490
[microsatellite analysis of homoeologous chromosome group 5 of introgressive wheat lines triticum aestivum/amblyopyrum muticum].	introgressive hybridization of common wheat is still one of the most effective way of wheat genome enrichment with resistance genes to stresses. in this context, t genome of amblyopyrum muticum is a promising one for such wheat improvement. genome substitution amphidiploid aurotica (aabbtt) with a and b subgenomes from common wheat cultivar aurora and with t subgenome from amblyopyrum muticum is characterized by high level of cold resistance. in wheat, this characteristic associated with chromos ...	2015	26214905
modification of mercury-induced biochemical alterations by triticum aestivum linn in rats.	the present investigation has been undertaken to evaluate role of wheat grass extract in modifying mercury-induced biochemical alterations in albino rats. mercuric chloride 5 mg/kg body weight i.p. was given on 11, 13 & 15th day of the experiment. wheat grass extract (400 mg/kg) and quercetin (10 mg/kg) were administered 10 days before mercuric chloride administration and continued up to 30 days after mercuric chloride administration. the animals were sacrificed on 1, 15 and 30 days, the activit ...	2015	26215012
the plant-growth-promoting bacterium klebsiella sp. sbp-8 confers induced systemic tolerance in wheat (triticum aestivum) under salt stress.	plant-growth-promoting bacteria (pgpb) with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylatedeaminase (accd) activity can protect plants from the deleterious effects of abioticstressors. an accd bacterial strain, sbp-8, identified as klebsiella sp., also having other plant-growth-promoting activities, was isolated from sorghum bicolor growing in the desertregion of rajasthan, india. accd activity of sbp-8 was characterized at biochemical, physiological, and molecular levels. the presence of acds, a structural ...	2015	26217911
are ineffective defence reactions potential target for induced resistance during the compatible wheat-powdery mildew interaction?	powdery mildew caused by blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici, an obligate aerial biotrophic fungus, would be one of the most damaging wheat (triticum aestivum) diseases without the extensive use of conventional fungicides. in our study, the expression levels of some basal defence-related genes were investigated during a compatible interaction in order to evaluate wheat reactions to infection, along with the different stages of the infectious process in planta. as fungal conidia initiated their germi ...	2015	26218548
constitutive overexpression of the tanf-yb4 gene in transgenic wheat significantly improves grain yield.	heterotrimeric nuclear factors y (nf-ys) are involved in regulation of various vital functions in all eukaryotic organisms. although a number of nf-y subunits have been characterized in model plants, only a few have been functionally evaluated in crops. in this work, a number of genes encoding nf-yb and nf-yc subunits were isolated from drought-tolerant wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. rac875), and the impact of the overexpression of tanf-yb4 in the australian wheat cultivar gladius was investiga ...	2015	26220082
the wheat agc kinase taagc1 is a positive contributor to host resistance to the necrotrophic pathogen rhizoctonia cerealis.	considerable progress has been made in understanding the roles of agc kinases in mammalian systems. however, very little is known about the roles of agc kinases in wheat (triticum aestivum). the necrotrophic fungus rhizoctonia cerealis is the major pathogen of the destructive disease sharp eyespot of wheat. in this study, the wheat agc kinase gene taagc1, responding to r. cerealis infection, was isolated, and its properties and role in wheat defence were characterized. r. cerealis-resistant whea ...	2015	26220083
high-density mapping of the major fhb resistance gene fhb7 derived from thinopyrum ponticum and its pyramiding with fhb1 by marker-assisted selection.	wheat lines with shortened th. ponticum chromatin carrying fhb7 and molecular markers linked to fhb7 will accelerate the transfer of fhb7 to breeding lines and provide an important resource for future map-based cloning of this gene. fusarium head blight is a major wheat disease globally. a major fhb resistance gene, designated as fhb7, derived from thinopyrum ponticum, was earlier transferred to common wheat, but was not used in wheat breeding due to linkage drag. the aims of this study were to ...	2015	26220223
molecular characterization of tafar1 involved in primary alcohol biosynthesis of cuticular wax in hexaploid wheat.	cuticular waxes are complex mixtures of very long chain (vlc) fatty acids and their derivatives in which primary alcohols are the most abundant components in the leaf surface of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). however, the genes involved in primary alcohol biosynthesis in wheat are still largely unknown. here we identified, via a homology-based approach, the tafar1 gene belonging to the fatty acyl-coa reductases (fars) from wheat. heterologous expression of tafar1 in yeast (saccharomyces ce ...	2015	26220905
proteomic approach to identify nuclear proteins in wheat grain.	the nuclear proteome of the grain of the two cultivated wheat species triticum aestivum (hexaploid wheat; genomes a, b, and d) and t. monococcum (diploid wheat; genome a) was analyzed in two early stages of development using shotgun-based proteomics. a procedure was optimized to purify nuclei, and an improved protein sample preparation was developed to efficiently remove nonprotein substances (starch and nucleic acids). a total of 797 proteins corresponding to 528 unique proteins were identified ...	2015	26228564
is the ojip test a reliable indicator of winter hardiness and freezing tolerance of common wheat and triticale under variable winter environments?	ojip analysis, which explores changes in photosystem ii (psii) photochemical performance, has been used as a measure of plant susceptibility to stress. however, in the case of freezing tolerance and winter hardiness, which are highly environmentally variable, the use of this method can give ambiguous results depending on the species as well as the sampling year and time. to clarify this issue, we performed chlorophyll fluorescence measurements over three subsequent winters (2010/11, 2011/12 and ...	2015	26230839
molecular cytogenetic identification of a new wheat-rye 6r chromosome disomic addition line with powdery mildew resistance.	rye (secale cereale l.) possesses many valuable genes that can be used for improving disease resistance, yield and environment adaptation of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). however, the documented resistance stocks derived from rye is faced severe challenge due to the variation of virulent isolates in the pathogen populations. therefore, it is necessary to develop desirable germplasm and search for novel resistance gene sources against constantly accumulated variation of the virulent isolates. in ...	2015	26237413
molecular cytogenetic characterization of novel wheat-thinopyrum bessarabicum recombinant lines carrying intercalary translocations.	thinopyrum bessarabicum (2n = 2x = 14, jj or e(b)e(b)) is a valuable source of genes for bread wheat (2n = 6x = 42) improvement because of its salinity tolerance and disease resistance. development of wheat-th. bessarabicum translocation lines by backcrossing the amphiploid in the absence of the ph1 gene (allowing intergenomic recombination) can assist its utilization in wheat improvement. in this study, six novel wheat-th. bessarabicum translocation lines involving different chromosome segments ...	2016	26238987
characterization of recombinants of the aegilops peregrina-derived lr59 translocation of common wheat.	a compensating, recombined lr59 translocation with greatly reduced alien chromatin was identified. microsatellite locus xdupw217 occurs within the remaining segment and can be used as a co-dominant marker for lr59. in earlier studies, leaf rust (caused by puccinia triticina eriks.) resistance gene lr59 was transferred from aegilops peregrina (hackel) maire et weiler to chromosome arm 1al of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the resistance gene was then genetically mapped on the translocated c ...	2015	26239411
novel bread wheat lines enriched in carotenoids carrying hordeum chilense chromosome arms in the ph1b background.	the use of crop wild relative species to improve major crops performance is well established. hordeum chilense has a high potential as a genetic donor to increase the carotenoid content of wheat. crosses between the 7hch h. chilense substitution lines in wheat and the wheat pairing homoeologous1b (ph1b) mutant allowed the development of wheat-h. chilense translocation lines for both 7hchα and 7hchβ chromosome arms in the wheat background. these translocation lines were characterized by in situ h ...	2015	26241856
wheat grain filling is limited by grain filling capacity rather than the duration of flag leaf photosynthesis: a case study using nam rnai plants.	it has been proposed that delayed leaf senescence can extend grain filling duration and thus increase yields in cereal crops. we found that wheat (triticum aestivum) nam rnai plants with delayed senescence carried out 40% more flag leaf photosynthesis after anthesis than control plants, but had the same rate and duration of starch accumulation during grain filling and the same final grain weight. the additional photosynthate available in nam rnai plants was in part stored as fructans in the stem ...	2015	26241955
a high-throughput pipeline for detecting locus-specific polymorphism in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	bread wheat (triticum aestivum l., 2n = 6x = 42) is an allohexaploid with a huge genome. due to the presence of extensive homoeologs and paralogs, generating locus-specific sequences can be challenging, especially when a large number of sequences are required. traditional methods of generating locus-specific sequences are rather strenuous and time-consuming if large numbers of sequences are to be handled.	2015	26244051
comparison of leaf sheath transcriptome profiles with physiological traits of bread wheat cultivars under salinity stress.	salinity stress has significant negative effects on plant biomass production and crop yield. salinity tolerance is controlled by complex systems of gene expression and ion transport. the relationship between specific features of mild salinity stress adaptation and gene expression was analyzed using four commercial varieties of bread wheat (triticum aestivum) that have different levels of salinity tolerance. the high-throughput phenotyping system in the plant accelerator at the australian plant p ...	2015	26244554
carpel size, grain filling, and morphology determine individual grain weight in wheat.	individual grain weight is a major yield component in wheat. to provide a comprehensive understanding of grain weight determination, the carpel size at anthesis, grain dry matter accumulation, grain water uptake and loss, grain morphological expansion, and final grain weight at different positions within spikelets were investigated in a recombinant inbred line mapping population of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.)×spelt (triticum spelta l.). carpel size, grain dry matter and water accumulation ...	2015	26246614
factorial combinations of protein interactions generate a multiplicity of florigen activation complexes in wheat and barley.	the flowering locus t (ft) protein is a central component of a mobile flowering signal (florigen) that is transported from leaves to the shoot apical meristem (sam). two ft monomers and two dna-binding bzip transcription factors interact with a dimeric 14-3-3 protein bridge to form a hexameric protein complex. this complex, designated as the 'florigen activation complex' (fac), plays a critical role in flowering. the wheat homologue of ft, designated ft1 (= vrn3), activates expression of vrn1 in ...	2015	26252567
the optimal atmospheric co2 concentration for the growth of winter wheat (triticum aestivum).	this study examined the optimal atmospheric co2 concentration of the co2 fertilization effect on the growth of winter wheat with growth chambers where the co2 concentration was controlled at 400, 600, 800, 1000, and 1200 ppm respectively. i found that initial increase in atmospheric co2 concentration dramatically enhanced winter wheat growth through the co2 fertilization effect. however, this co2 fertilization effect was substantially compromised with further increase in co2 concentration, demon ...	2015	26253981
independent mis-splicing mutations in taphs1 causing loss of preharvest sprouting (phs) resistance during wheat domestication.	preharvest sprouting (phs) is one of the major constraints of wheat production in areas where prolonged rainfall occurs during harvest. taphs1 is a gene that regulates phs resistance on chromosome 3a of wheat, and two causal mutations in the positions +646 and +666 of the taphs1 coding region result in wheat phs susceptibility. three competitive allele-specific pcr (kasp) markers were developed based on the two mutations in the coding region and one in the promoter region and validated in 82 whe ...	2015	26255630
developmental, nutritional and hormonal anomalies of weightlessness-grown wheat.	the behavior of water in weightlessness, as occurs in orbiting spacecraft, presents multiple challenges for plant growth. soils remain saturated, impeding aeration, and leaf surfaces remain wet, impeding gas exchange. herein we report developmental and biochemical anomalies of "super dwarf" wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown aboard space station mir during the 1996-97 "greenhouse 2" experiment. leaves of mir-grown wheat were hyperhydric, senesced precociously and accumulated aromatic and branche ...	2015	26256629
ractopamine up take by alfalfa (medicago sativa) and wheat (triticum aestivum) from soil.	ractopamine is a beta adrenergic agonist used as a growth promoter in swine, cattle and turkeys. to test whether ractopamine has the potential to accumulate in plants grown in contaminated soil, a greenhouse study was conducted with alfalfa (medicago sativa) and wheat (triticum aestivum) grown in two soils having different concentrations of organic matter (1.3% and 2.1%), amended with 0, 0.5, and 10 μg/g of ractopamine. plant growth ranged from 2.7 to 8.8 g dry weight (dw) for alfalfa, and 8.7 t ...	2015	26257350
development of a diagnostic co-dominant marker for stem rust resistance gene sr47 introgressed from aegilops speltoides into durum wheat.	a robust and diagnostic sts marker for stem rust resistance gene sr47 was developed and validated for marker-assisted selection. stem rust (caused by puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, pgt) resistance gene sr47, originally transferred from aegilops speltoides to durum wheat (triticum turgidum subsp. durum) line das15, confers a high level of resistance to pgt race ttksk (ug99). recently, the durum rusty 5d(5b) substitution line was used to reduce the ae. speltoides segment, and the resulting line ...	2015	26260850
stress-responsive expression patterns and functional characterization of cold shock domain proteins in cabbage (brassica rapa) under abiotic stress conditions.	although the functional roles of cold shock domain proteins (csdps) have been demonstrated during the growth, development, and stress adaptation of arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), rice (oryza sativa), and wheat (triticum aestivum), the functions of csdps in other plants species, including cabbage (brassica rapa), are largely unknown. to gain insight into the roles of csdps in cabbage under stress conditions, the genes encoding csdps in cabbage were isolated, and the functional roles of csdps ...	2015	26263516
2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2h-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4h)-one (dimboa) inhibits trichothecene production by fusarium graminearum through suppression of tri6 expression.	fusarium head blight (fhb) is a devastating disease of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) caused by a mycotoxigenic fungus fusarium graminearum resulting in significantly decreased yields and accumulation of toxic trichothecenes in grains. we tested 7 major secondary metabolites from wheat for their effect on trichothecene production in liquid cultures of f. graminearum producing trichothecene 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-adon). 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2h-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4h)-one (dimboa) benzoxazinoid ...	2015	26276561
metabolism of the fusarium mycotoxins t-2 toxin and ht-2 toxin in wheat.	to investigate the metabolic fate of ht-2 toxin (ht2) and t-2 toxin (t2) in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), an untargeted metabolomics study utilizing stable isotopic labeling and liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry was performed. in total, 11 ht2 and 12 t2 derived in planta biotransformation products were annotated putatively. in addition to previously reported mono- and diglucosylated forms of ht2, evidence for the formation of ht2-malonyl-glucoside and feruloyl-t2, as well a ...	0	26278508
responses of wheat and rice to factorial combinations of ambient and elevated co2 and temperature in face experiments.	elevated co2 and temperature strongly affect crop production, but understanding of the crop response to combined co2 and temperature increases under field conditions is still limited while data are scarce. we grew wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and rice (oryza sativa l.) under two levels of co2 (ambient and enriched up to 500 μmol mol(-1) ) and two levels of canopy temperature (ambient and increased by 1.5-2.0 °c) in free-air co2 enrichment (face) systems and carried out a detailed growth and yiel ...	2016	26279285
high-resolution three-dimensional structural data quantify the impact of photoinhibition on long-term carbon gain in wheat canopies in the field.	photoinhibition reduces photosynthetic productivity; however, it is difficult to quantify accurately in complex canopies partly because of a lack of high-resolution structural data on plant canopy architecture, which determines complex fluctuations of light in space and time. here, we evaluate the effects of photoinhibition on long-term carbon gain (over 1 d) in three different wheat (triticum aestivum) lines, which are architecturally diverse. we use a unique method for accurate digital three-d ...	2015	26282240
phytotoxicity of three plant-based biodiesels, unmodified castor oil, and diesel fuel to alfalfa (medicago sativa l.), lettuce (lactuca sativa l.), radish (raphanus sativus), and wheatgrass (triticum aestivum).	the wide use of plant-based oils and their derivatives, in particular biodiesel, have increased extensively over the past decade to help alleviate demand for petroleum products and improve the greenhouse gas emissions profile of the transportation sector. biodiesel is regarded as a clean burning alternative fuel produced from livestock feeds and various vegetable oils. although in theory these animal and/or plant derived fuels should have less environmental impact in soil based on their simplifi ...	0	26283287
e3 ubiquitin ligase gene cmpg1-v from haynaldia villosa l. contributes to powdery mildew resistance in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	powdery mildew is one of the most devastating wheat fungal diseases. a diploid wheat relative, haynaldia villosa l., is highly resistant to powdery mildew, and its genetic resource of resistances, such as the pm21 locus, is now widely used in wheat breeding. here we report the cloning of a resistance gene from h. villosa, designated cmpg1-v, that encodes a u-box e3 ubiquitin ligase. expression of the cmpg1-v gene was induced in the leaf and stem of h. villosa upon inoculation with blumeria grami ...	2015	26287740
immunoprophylactic potential of wheat grass extract on benzene-induced leukemia: an in vivo study on murine model.	wheat grass (triticum aestivum) is a gift of nature given to mankind. a number of scientific research on wheatgrass establishes its anticancer and antioxidant potential. current work was focused to determine antileukemic effect of wheat grass.	2017	26288471
heritable alteration of dna methylation induced by whole-chromosome aneuploidy in wheat.	aneuploidy causes changes in gene expression and phenotypes in all organisms studied. a previous study in the model plant arabidopsis thaliana showed that aneuploidy-generated phenotypic changes can be inherited to euploid progenies and implicated an epigenetic underpinning of the heritable variations. based on an analysis by amplified fragment length polymorphism and methylation-sensitive amplified fragment length polymorphism markers, we found that although genetic changes at the nucleotide se ...	2016	26295562
adult-plant resistance to septoria tritici blotch in hexaploid spring wheat.	new qtl for septoria tritici blotch detected in hexapoid spring wheat under field conditions across diverse environments. septoria tritici blotch caused by the ascomycete fungus zymoseptoria tritici presents a serious and consistent challenge to global wheat production. in particular the augmented use of soil management practices that leave large amounts of wheat stubble on the soil surface and global warming increases the chance of septoria tritici blotch epidemics to emerge more frequently inc ...	2015	26298303
systemic and local regulation of phosphate and nitrogen transporter genes by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in roots of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	previous studies have reported that the expression of phosphate (pi) or nitrogen (n) transporter genes in roots of plants could be regulated by arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi, but little is known whether the regulation is systemic or not. the present study investigated the systemic and local regulation of multiple phosphate and nitrogen transporter genes by four am fungal species belonging to four genera in the roots of winter wheat. a split-root culture system with am inoculated (mr) and non ...	2015	26298806
investigating the influence of histidine residues on the metal ion binding ability of the wheat metallothionein γ-ec-1 domain.	while zn(ii) and cd(ii) have similar geochemical and environmental properties, their biological properties are distinctively different as cd(ii) ions have very limited metabolic significance and are mostly even toxic, while zn(ii) ions belong to the most essential micronutrients. one of the key proteins involved in intracellular zn(ii) and cd(ii) binding are metallothioneins (mts), small cysteine-rich proteins ubiquitously found in many different organisms. in the past two decades, also mt seque ...	2015	26299797
targeting of prolamins by rnai in bread wheat: effectiveness of seven silencing-fragment combinations for obtaining lines devoid of coeliac disease epitopes from highly immunogenic gliadins.	gluten proteins are responsible for the viscoelastic properties of wheat flour but also for triggering pathologies in susceptible individuals, of which coeliac disease (cd) and noncoeliac gluten sensitivity may affect up to 8% of the population. the only effective treatment for affected persons is a strict gluten-free diet. here, we report the effectiveness of seven plasmid combinations, encompassing rnai fragments from α-, γ-, ω-gliadins, and lmw glutenin subunits, for silencing the expression ...	2016	26300126
contributions of long-term tillage systems on crop production and soil properties in the semi-arid loess plateau of china.	this study determined the long-term effect of tillage systems on soil properties and crop yields in a semi-arid environment. field pea (pisum sativum l.) and spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were alternately grown in six tillage systems at dingxi (35° 28' n, 104° 44' e), north-west china starting in 2001.	2016	26300314
the wheat nac transcription factor tanac2l is regulated at the transcriptional and post-translational levels and promotes heat stress tolerance in transgenic arabidopsis.	heat stress poses a serious threat to global crop production. in efforts that aim to mitigate the adverse effects of heat stress on crops, a variety of genetic tools are being used to develop plants with improved thermotolerance. the characterization of important regulators of heat stress tolerance provides essential information for this aim. in this study, we examine the wheat (triticum aestivum) nac transcription factor gene tanac2l. high temperature induced tanac2l expression in wheat and ove ...	2015	26305210
new isoforms and assembly of glutamine synthetase in the leaf of wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	glutamine synthetase (gs; ec 6.3.1.2) plays a crucial role in the assimilation and re-assimilation of ammonia derived from a wide variety of metabolic processes during plant growth and development. here, three developmentally regulated isoforms of gs holoenzyme in the leaf of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings are described using native-page with a transferase activity assay. the isoforms showed different mobilities in gels, with gsii>gsiii>gsi. the cytosolic gsi was composed of three subuni ...	2015	26307137
influence of crop management and environmental factors on wolf spider assemblages (araneae: lycosidae) in an australian cotton cropping system.	wolf spiders (lycosidae) are the most abundant ground-hunting spiders in the australian cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) agroecosystems. these spiders have potential in controlling pest bollworms, helicoverpa spp. (lepidoptera: noctuidae) in minimum-tilled fields. a study was carried out during a wet growing season (2011-2012) in narrabri, new south wales, australia, to determine how different crop rotations and tillage affect wolf spider assemblages in cotton fields. spider abundance and species ...	2015	26308820
candidate genes expressed in tolerant common wheat with resistant to english grain aphid.	the english grain aphid, sitobion avenae (f.) (hemiptera: aphididae), is a common worldwide pest of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the use of improved resistant cultivars by the farmers is the most effective and environmentally friendly method to control this aphid in the field. the winter wheat genotypes 98-10-35 and amigo are resistant to s. avenae. to identify genes responsible for resistance to s. avenae in these genotypes, differential-display reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction ...	2014	26309289
exogenous salicylic acid enhances the resistance of wheat seedlings to hessian fly (diptera: cecidomyiidae) infestation under heat stress.	heat stress exerts significant impact on plant-parasite interactions. phytohormones, such as salicylic acid (sa), play important roles in plant defense against parasite attacks. here, we studied the impact of a combination of heat stress and exogenous sa on the resistance of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plants to the hessian fly [mayetiola destructor (say)]. we found that the wheat cultivar 'molly', which contains the resistance gene h13, lost resistance to hessian fly under heat stress (40°c fo ...	2014	26309292
plant photosynthetic responses during insect effector-triggered plant susceptibility and immunity.	gall-inducing insects are known for altering source-sink relationships within plants. changes in photosynthesis may contribute to this phenomenon. we investigated photosynthetic responses in wheat [triticum aestivum l. (poaceae: triticeae)] seedlings attacked by the hessian fly [mayetiola destructor (say) (diptera: cecidomyiidae], which uses a salivary effector-based strategy to induce a gall nutritive tissue in susceptible plants. resistant plants have surveillance systems mediated by products ...	2015	26313966
increased susceptibility to aphids of flowering wheat plants exposed to low temperatures.	frost is known to directly affect flowering wheat plants (triticum aestivum l.) and lead to reduced grain yield. additionally, it may increase wheat susceptibility to economically important pests, such as aphids (hemiptera: aphididae). wheat plants at flowering stage were exposed to one of the three temperature treatments: ambient (11-12°c), 0°c, and -3°c for 60 min. preference (3-choice) and performance (no-choice) bioassays with aphids (rhopalosiphum padi l.) were conducted 1, 3, 6, and 12 d a ...	2015	26313967
development of a d genome specific marker resource for diploid and hexaploid wheat.	mapping and map-based cloning of genes that control agriculturally and economically important traits remain great challenges for plants with complex highly repetitive genomes such as those within the grass tribe, triticeae. mapping limitations in the triticeae are primarily due to low frequencies of polymorphic gene markers and poor genetic recombination in certain genetic regions. although the abundance of repetitive sequence may pose common problems in genome analysis and sequence assembly of ...	2015	26315263
genome-wide prediction of three important traits in bread wheat.	five genomic prediction models were applied to three wheat agronomic traits-grain yield, heading date and grain test weight-in three breeding populations, each comprising about 350 doubled haploid or recombinant inbred lines evaluated in three locations during a 3-year period. the prediction accuracy, measured as the correlation between genomic estimated breeding value and observed trait, was in the range of previously published values for yield (r = 0.2-0.5), a trait with relatively low heritab ...	2017	26316839
differential activity and expression profile of antioxidant enzymes and physiological changes in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) under drought.	wheat crop may experience water deficit at crucial stages during its life cycle, which induces oxidative stress in the plants. the antioxidant status of the plant plays an important role in providing tolerance against the water stress. the objective of this study was to investigate the impact of water stress on physiological traits, antioxidant activity and transcript profile of antioxidant enzyme related genes in four wheat genotypes (c306, akaw3717, hd2687, pbw343) at three crucial stages of p ...	2015	26319568
identification of the vernalization 4 gene reveals the origin of spring growth habit in ancient wheats from south asia.	wheat varieties with a winter growth habit require long exposures to low temperatures (vernalization) to accelerate flowering. natural variation in four vernalization genes regulating this requirement has favored wheat adaptation to different environments. the first three genes (vrn1-vrn3) have been cloned and characterized before. here we show that the fourth gene, vrn-d4, originated by the insertion of a ∼290-kb region from chromosome arm 5al into the proximal region of chromosome arm 5ds. the ...	2015	26324889
insights into triticum aestivum seedling root rot caused by fusarium graminearum.	fusarium graminearum is one of the most common and potent fungal pathogens of wheat (triticum aestivum), known for causing devastating spike infections and grain yield damage. f. graminearum is a typical soil-borne pathogen that builds up during consecutive cereal cropping. speculation on systemic colonization of cereals by f. graminearum root infection have long existed but have not been proven. we have assessed the fusarium root rot disease macroscopically in a diverse set of 12 wheat genotype ...	2015	26325125