Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| transmission of tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (myxozoa: malacosporea), the causative organism of salmonid proliferative kidney disease, to the freshwater bryozoan fredericella sultana. | proliferative kidney disease (pkd), caused by the malacosporean parasite tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, causes significant losses among salmonids in western europe and north america. the role of salmonid fish in the life-cycle of this parasite has been conjectured upon for over a quarter of a century. to examine whether fish can transmit the infection to bryozoans, the known invertebrate host, water containing parasitized brown trout salmo trutta was pumped into tanks containing colonies of fred ... | 2006 | 16948873 |
| in vitro storage of unfertilized ova of endangered caspian brown trout (salmo trutta caspius) in artificial media. | in order to study the effects of storage media and time of storage on the viability of unfertilized eggs of endangered caspian brown trout (salmo trutta caspius), the ova of this fish was stored in coelomic fluid and cortland artificial media at 2-3 degrees c for 120 h. in this research, cortland artificial medium was buffered with 20 mm of three different buffers: hepes (c(8)h(18)n(2)o(4)s), tris-hcl (c(4)h(11)no(3)-hcl) and sodium salt hepes (c(8)h(17)n(2)o(4)sna). the ph of these media were a ... | 2007 | 16987621 |
| release of alien populations in sweden. | introduction of alien species is a major threat to biological diversity. although public attention typically focuses on the species level, guidelines from the convention of biological diversity define alien species to include entities below species level. this inclusion recognizes that release of nonlocal populations of native species may also result in negative effects on biodiversity. in practice, little is known about the extent, degree of establishment, or the effects on natural gene pools o ... | 2006 | 16989510 |
| historical demography of brown trout (salmo trutta) in the adriatic drainage including the putative s. letnica endemic to lake ohrid. | we explore the historical demography of the adriatic lineage of brown trout and more explicitly the colonization and phylogenetic placement of ohrid trout, based on variation at 12 microsatellite loci and the mtdna control region. all adriatic basin haplotypes reside in derived positions in a network that represents the entire lineage. the central presumably most ancestral haplotype in this network is restricted to the iberian peninsula, where it is very common, supporting a western mediterranea ... | 2007 | 17046289 |
| occurrence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) in brown trout bile and liver from swiss rivers. | the ranges of total polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) in fish from four swiss rivers were 0.8-240 ng/g in the bile and 16-7400 ng/g lipid in the liver. pbde concentrations varied within each river and among the various rivers. female fish tended to have higher concentrations in the liver, while the male fish had higher concentrations in the bile. from the resulting pbde concentrations in fish it could not be infered that these contaminants contribute to the causes of the observed fish catch ... | 2007 | 17055136 |
| sequence of atlantic cod (gadus morhua) glut4, glut2 and gpdh: developmental stage expression, tissue expression and relationship to starvation-induced changes in blood glucose. | cdnas of putative glucose transporters, glut4 and glut2, were cloned from atlantic cod (gadus morhua). the glut4 cdna encodes a 503 amino acid and the glut2 cdna a 506 amino acid protein. phylogenetic analysis, amino acid sequence alignment, and tissue distribution support categorizing them as homologues of mammalian glut4 and 2. glut4 clusters with glut4s from fish and other vertebrates. it shows 84% amino acid identity to glut4 from coho salmon and brown trout and 65% identity with other verte ... | 2006 | 17079719 |
| an investigation into the effects of underwater piling noise on salmonids. | underwater piling was undertaken in 2003 in southampton water on the south coast of england. monitoring was simultaneously undertaken of the waterborne sound from impact and vibropiling and its effects on brown trout in cages at increasing distances from the piling. brown trout (salmo trutta) were used as a model for salmon (salmo salar), which were the species of interest but were not readily available. no obvious signs of trauma that could be attributed to sound exposure were found in any fish ... | 2006 | 17139717 |
| stochastic simulation of live salmonid movement in england and wales to predict potential spread of exotic pathogens. | the anthropogenic movement of live fish has been identified as the most important route for the transmission of disease between river catchments. to assist in contingency planning for exotic salmonid disease outbreaks, a stochastic model was developed to assess the potential geographic distribution of an introduced pathogen with time to first detection. the live fish movement database (a resource funded by the uk department for environment, food and rural affairs [defra] and managed by the centr ... | 2006 | 17140134 |
| bioaccumulation of metals in fish of salmonidae family and the impact on fish meat quality. | the study was aimed at determining the levels of metals in water samples and muscles of the fish caught in the una river basin, located in the northwestern part of bosnia and herzegovina. for that purpose, three fish species: brown trout (salmo trutta m. fario), grayling (thymallus thymallus) and californian trout (salmo gairdneri), together with stem water samples, were analyzed for metal concentrations (pb, hg, cd, as, mn, ni, cu, cr, se, co, sn, zn, fe, ca, p) during a 2-year period. the fish ... | 2007 | 17171264 |
| effects of a pyrethroid pesticide on endocrine responses to female odours and reproductive behaviour in male parr of brown trout (salmo trutta l.). | reproductive behaviour of brown trout (salmo trutta l.) from an anadromous stock was studied in a large stream water aquarium. four adult males and two ovulated females were placed in the aquarium together with eight mature male parr. four of the parr were exposed during the previous 4 days to two concentrations (0.1 or 1.0 microgl(-1)) of the pyrethroid pesticide cypermethrin (a disrupter of olfactory receptor function) and four of the parr to the solvent ethanol. the behaviour of all fish was ... | 2007 | 17174415 |
| hepatic responses of gene expression in juvenile brown trout (salmo trutta lacustris) exposed to three model contaminants applied singly and in combination. | chemical pollution of the aquatic environment is almost always the result of multiple rather than single toxic compounds. the possibility of separating the effects of key risk chemicals from those of others, including theirjoint effects, is of clear theoretical interest and high technical importance. we addressed this goal using multiple gene expression profiling in the liver of juvenile brown trout (salmo trutta lacustris) exposed to three model chemicals (cadmium, carbon tetrachloride [ccl4], ... | 2007 | 17269466 |
| induction and activity of oxidative stress-related proteins during waterborne cd/zn-exposure in brown trout (salmo trutta). | we studied how transcript levels of metallothionein (mt), cu/zn-superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), glutathione peroxidase (gpx) and glutathione reductase (gr) as well as functional protein levels of mt, sod and cat in brown trout tissues changed during a 15-days waterborne exposure to cd and zn. trout from a river with low levels of metals (the stribekken river) was transferred to a river with high levels of cd and zn (the naustebekken river) and exposed up to 15 days. the aim of this t ... | 2007 | 17276485 |
| changes in intestinal microbiota and humoral immune response following probiotic administration in brown trout (salmo trutta). | we studied the effect of several lactic acid bacteria (lab) on the humoral response of brown trout (salmo trutta). lab groups (lactococcus (lc.) lactis ssp. lactis, lactobacillus (lb.) sakei and leuconostoc (leu.) mesenteroides) were administered orally at 10(6) colony-forming units/g feed to brown trout for 2 weeks, after which fish were switched to an unsupplemented feed. blood and intestinal samples were taken from the onset of feeding supplemented diets at 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks. during the lab ... | 2007 | 17313714 |
| myod and myogenin expression during myogenic phases in brown trout: a precocious onset of mosaic hyperplasia is a prerequisite for fast somatic growth. | muscle cell recruitment (hyperplasia) during myogenesis in the vertebrate embryo is known to occur in three consecutive phases. in teleost fish (including zebrafish), however, information on myogenic precursor cell activation is largely fragmentary, and comprehensive characterization of the myogenic phases has only been fully undertaken in a single slow-growing cyprinid species by examination of mef2d expression. here, we use molecular techniques to provide a comprehensive characterization of my ... | 2007 | 17315228 |
| heavy metal concentration in fish tissues inhabiting waters of "busko blato" reservoir (bosnia and herzegovina). | heavy metals concentration (mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic, copper, zinc and chromium) in tissues (muscles, liver, kidney and gonads) of dalmatian barbelgudgeon, the nase, the souffie and brown trout, inhabiting waters of busko blato reservoir in bosnia and herzegovina, has been determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. the meat of the tested fish sorts does not contain elevated concentration of most analyzed heavy metals with exception of lead (higher than mac in italy, germany and de ... | 2008 | 17342437 |
| group feeding behavior of brown trout is a correlated response to selection for growth shaped by the environment. | group feeding pattern is a response correlated to selection for growth in brown trout. previous results suggest that the feeding pattern of two lines (nl and sy), selected with the same process at two different fish farms, differ. this study addresses the following questions: (i) are the patterns differentially fixed by the selection process and if yes (ii) is this explained by the different genetic background of the lines? in a first experiment, we tested if the group feeding behavior can be in ... | 2007 | 17347888 |
| attenuation of stress-induced anorexia in brown trout (salmo trutta) by pre-treatment with dietary l-tryptophan. | the general consensus is that brain serotonin (5-ht) inhibits feed intake in teleost fishes and other vertebrates. dietary manipulations with the 5-ht precursor tryptophan (trp) have, however, yielded contradictory effects on feed intake, while studies of the endocrine response to stress indicate that the effects of trp-enriched feed are context dependent. a characteristic behavioural response to stress is a reduction in feed intake, and in the present study we investigated whether pre-treatment ... | 2007 | 17349093 |
| maximum cardiac performance and adrenergic sensitivity of the sea bass dicentrarchus labrax at high temperatures. | we examined maximum cardiac performance of sea bass dicentrarchus labrax acclimated to 18 degrees c and 22 degrees c, temperatures near the optimum for growth of this species. our aim was to study whether cardiac performance, especially the effect of adrenergic stimulation, differed when compared to salmonids. sea bass and salmonids are both athletic swimmers but their cardiac anatomy differs markedly. the sea bass ventricle does not receive any oxygenated blood via a coronary circulation while ... | 2007 | 17371920 |
| gene flow, effective population size and selection at major histocompatibility complex genes: brown trout in the hardanger fjord, norway. | brown trout populations in the hardanger fjord, norway, have declined drastically due to increased exposure to salmon lice from salmonid aquaculture. we studied contemporary samples from seven populations and historical samples (1972 and 1983) from the two largest populations, one of which has declined drastically whereas the other remains stable. we analysed 11 microsatellite loci, including one tightly linked to the uba gene of the major histocompatibility class i complex (mhc) and another loc ... | 2007 | 17391266 |
| a comparison of aflps and microsatellites to identify the population structure of brown trout (salmo trutta l.) populations from hardangervidda, norway. | a total of 495 fish from 11 hardangervidda lakes were genotyped in order to compare amplified fragment length polymorphisms (aflp) and microsatellites in terms of their capacity to infer population genetic structure. the 11 microsatellites used in this study gave a greater polymorphism information content and greater gene diversity, with an average of 14.8 alleles per locus, than the six aflp primer combinations used. however, the aflps resulted in 178 polymorphic loci and a 3.1 times larger mar ... | 2007 | 17391267 |
| isolation of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus from mummichog, stickleback, striped bass and brown trout in eastern canada. | viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) was isolated from mortalities occurring in populations of mummichog, fundulus heteroclitus, stickleback, gasterosteus aculeatus aculeatus, brown trout, salmo trutta, and striped bass, morone saxatilis, in new brunswick and nova scotia, canada. the isolated viral strains produced a cytopathic effect on the epithelioma papillosum cyprini cell line. serum neutralization indicated the virus was vhsv and sequencing identified the rhabdovirus isolates as the ... | 2007 | 17394523 |
| introgression in the genus salmo via allotriploids. | hybridization between sympatric species is not uncommon in the wild. wild allotriploids (individuals with two chromosome sets from a species + one chromosome set from another species) are generally the result of a backcross between interspecific hybrids that produce unreduced gametes and one of the parental species. in animals, allotriploids are commonly sterile, except for some vertebrate species complexes in which allotriploids reproduce by parthenogenesis, gynogenesis and/or hybridogenesis, p ... | 2007 | 17402987 |
| antibody response of brown trout salmo trutta injected with pathogenic saprolegnia parasitica antigenic extracts. | brown trout salmo trutta injected with antigenic extracts from a pathogenic isolate of saprolegnia parasitica developed specific antibodies that were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), immunofluorescence (if) and western blotting (wb), but not by immunodiffusion (id). three groups of five 2 yr old brown trout were injected intraperitoneally with 3 different antigenic extracts: small hyphal fragments (hf) and soluble extracts from sonicated mycelia grown in medium with or with ... | 2007 | 17432039 |
| epizootiology of myxobolus cerebralis, the causative agent of salmonid whirling disease in the rock creek drainage of west-central montana. | whirling disease, caused by the myxozoan parasite myxobolus cerebralis, remains a health threat to salmonid fish in the western united states. although various aspects of this host-parasite system have been studied, investigations examining the overall epizootiology of whirling disease in an ecosystem are lacking. therefore, in june 1998, studies were initiated in the rock creek watershed of west-central montana and continued through 2003 to assess the intensity of infection in trout using senti ... | 2007 | 17436949 |
| effects of salmonid fish viruses on mx gene expression and resistance to single or dual viral infections. | we examined the ability of several fish viruses to induce protection against homologous or heterologous viruses in single or double infections, and assessed whether such protection is correlated with innate immunity or expression of the mx gene. monolayers of bf2 cells pre-treated with supernatants of brown trout (salmo trutta l.) macrophage cultures that had been stimulated with either polyinosinic polycytidylic acid (poly i:c) or viruses, such as infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (ipnv), in ... | 2007 | 17442587 |
| niche characteristics explain the reciprocal invasion success of stream salmonids in different continents. | an ability to understand and predict invasions is elemental for controlling the detrimental effects of introduced organisms on native biota. in eastern north america, european brown trout generally dominates over, and eventually replaces, the native brook trout. we show here that in northern europe the pattern of replacement between these two species is reversed: when transferred to north european streams, brook trout spread extensively and partially replaced the native brown trout. the effect o ... | 2007 | 17517603 |
| gill metal binding and stress gene transcription in brown trout (salmo trutta) exposed to metal environments: the effect of pre-exposure in natural populations. | brown trout (salmo trutta) from two native populations from the røros area in central norway, acclimated in mining-affected habitats to different levels of cd/zn and cu, together with trout from a nearby unaffected river (reference) were transferred to a nearby lake with higher levels of cu, cd, and zn than those in their respective native rivers. this experiment was conducted to gain information about the underlying resistance mechanisms developed in fish exposed to metal environments. the focu ... | 2007 | 17521141 |
| characterization of the cd3zeta, cd3gammadelta and cd3epsilon subunits of the t cell receptor complex in atlantic salmon. | the cd3 subunits are essential components of the t cell receptor complex, transmitting signals to the inside of the cell. we report here cdnas and corresponding genes encoding cd3zeta, cd3gammadelta and cd3epsilon in atlantic salmon, and real-time rt-pcr analysis to reveal their tissue-specific expression. salmon cd3zeta is the subunit that shows the highest sequence similarity to the mammalian counterparts, comprising of a short extracellular (ex) part, a transmembrane (tm) peptide and a long c ... | 2008 | 17532043 |
| physiological regulation of glucose transporter (glut4) protein content in brown trout (salmo trutta) skeletal muscle. | in brown trout, red and white skeletal muscle express the insulin-regulatable glucose transporter 4 (btglut4). we have previously shown that the mrna expression of btglut4 in red muscle, but not white muscle, is altered under experimental conditions designed to cause changes in the plasma levels of insulin, such as fasting, insulin and arginine administration. in order to determine whether changes of btglut4 expression at the mrna level are correlated with changes at the protein level, we perfor ... | 2007 | 17575039 |
| assessing the impact of a downscaled climate change simulation on the fish fauna in an inner-alpine river. | this study assesses the impact of a changing climate on fish fauna by comparing the past mean state of fish assemblage to a possible future mean state. it is based on (1) local scale observations along an inner-alpine river called mur, (2) an ipcc emission scenario (is92a), implemented by atmosphere-ocean global circulation model (aogcm) echam4/opyc3, and (3) a model-chain that links climate research to hydrobiology. the mur river is still in a near-natural condition and water temperature in sum ... | 2007 | 17587065 |
| detection of 'long-haired' saprolegnia (s. parasitica) isolates using monoclonal antibodies. | the ability of five monoclonal antibodies (mabs) raised against a pathogenic saprolegnia parasitica isolate from brown trout to detect and differentiate between isolates with bundles of long hairs (s. parasitica) and other saprolegnia species was determined by means of an indirect immunofluorescence assay. four of the mabs used recognized some of the long-haired s. parasitica isolates but also cross-reacted with other saprolegnia species without bundles of hairs and with achlya sp. the other mab ... | 2007 | 17601716 |
| ultrastructural study of spermiogenesis and the spermatozoon of crepidostomum metoecus (digenea: allocreadiidae), a parasite of salmo trutta (pisces: teleostei). | spermiogenesis and the spermatozoon of crepidostomum metoecus, an intestinal parasite of brown trout salmo trutta, were studied by transmission electron microscopy. spermiogenesis begins with the formation of a differentiation zone in front of 2 centrioles associated by an intercentriolar body. each centriole is linked to a striated rootlet, and gives rise to a flagellum. the rotation of flagella is greater than 90 degrees; their fusion with the median cytoplasmic extension is proximodistal and ... | 2007 | 17626335 |
| spermiogenesis and spermatozoon ultrastructure of nicolla wisniewskii (digenea: opecoelidae), an intestinal parasite of brown trout salmo trutta (pisces: teleostei). | spermiogenesis and ultrastructure of spermatozoon of nicolla wisniewskii (digenea, opecoelidae), an intestinal parasite of salmo trutta, were studied by electron microscopy. spermiogenesis follows the general pattern found in the digenea. it begins with the formation of a differentiation zone, including striated rootlets associated with 2 centrioles and an intercentriolar body. the flagella undergo a rotation of greater than 90 degrees. then, their fusion with the median cytoplasmic process is p ... | 2007 | 17626336 |
| ultrastructural study of the spermatozoon of nicolla testiobliquum (digenea, opecoelidae) parasite of brown trout salmo trutta (pisces, teleostei). | the present paper describes the spermatozoon of nicolla testiobliquum (digenea, opecoelidae), an intestinal parasite of brown trout salmo trutta, studied by transmission electron microscopy. the mature spermatozoon possess two axonemes of 9 + "1" pattern, two mitochondria, a nucleus, external ornamentation of the plasma membrane, spine-like bodies and cortical microtubules. a comparative study between n. testiobliquum and nicolla wisniewskii shows mainly two different dispositions of the two mit ... | 2007 | 17628831 |
| rare and fleeting: an example of interspecific recombination in animal mitochondrial dna. | recombination is thought to occur only rarely in animal mitochondrial dna (mtdna). however, detection of mtdna recombination requires that cells become heteroplasmic through mutation, intramolecular recombination or 'leakage' of paternal mtdna. interspecific hybridization increases the probability of detecting mtdna recombinants due to higher levels of sequence divergence and potentially higher levels of paternal leakage. during a study of historical variation in atlantic salmon (salmo salar) mt ... | 2007 | 17650476 |
| lack of circadian regulation of in vitro melatonin release from the pineal organ of salmonid teleosts. | in many teleost species, the photoreceptive pineal organ harbors the circadian clock that regulates melatonin release in the pineal organ itself. however, the pineal organ of three salmonids (rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss, masu salmon oncorhynchus masou, and sockeye salmon oncorhynchus nerka) did not exhibit circadian rhythms in melatonin release when maintained under constant darkness (dd) in vitro, suggesting that the pineal organs of all salmonids lack the circadian regulation of melatoni ... | 2007 | 17681505 |
| screening procedure to assess the impact of urban stormwater temperature to populations of brown trout in receiving water. | the discharge of urban stormwater may cause a sudden temperature increase in receiving waters that may be harmful to fish and other aquatic organisms. a screening procedure is proposed with temperature thresholds for the runoff from roofs and roads as well as for the receiving water system to protect brown trout from thermal damage. the stormwater temperature is calculated on the basis of a simple thermodynamic estimate for different latitudes. only receiving waters with maximum daily mean tempe ... | 2007 | 17695111 |
| toxicity of cadmium to early life stages of brown trout (salmo trutta) at multiple water hardnesses. | toxicity of cadmium to early life stages of brown trout (salmo trutta) was determined at multiple water hardnesses. increasing water hardness decreased cadmium toxicity. postswimup fry were much more sensitive than embryos and larvae. chronic values from early life stage tests initiated with eyed embryos were 3.52, 6.36, and 13.6 microg cd/l at water hardnesses of 30.6, 71.3, and 149 mg/l, respectively. in tests initiated with 30-d postswimup fry, chronic values were 1.02, 1.83, and 6.54 microg ... | 2007 | 17702340 |
| time- and concentration-dependent metabolic and genomic responses to exposure to resin acids in brown trout (salmo trutta m. lacustris). | the presence of metabolically conjugated resin acids (ras) in the bile is considered to be a sensitive indicator for exposure of fish to pulp and paper industry effluents; however, to our knowledge, no comprehensive kinetic study of this response has been made. juvenile brown trout (salmo trutta m. lacustris) were exposed to a waterborne mixture of seven ras (wood rosin) in time (0.1-192.0 h; average concentration, 8 microg/l) and dose (average concentrations, 0, 0.6, 4, 14, and 78 microg/l; 10 ... | 2007 | 17702544 |
| fish glucose transporter (glut)-4 differs from rat glut4 in its traffic characteristics but can translocate to the cell surface in response to insulin in skeletal muscle cells. | in mammals, glucose transporter (glut)-4 plays an important role in glucose homeostasis mediating insulin action to increase glucose uptake in insulin-responsive tissues. in the basal state, glut4 is located in intracellular compartments and upon insulin stimulation is recruited to the plasma membrane, allowing glucose entry into the cell. compared with mammals, fish are less efficient restoring plasma glucose after dietary or exogenous glucose administration. recently our group cloned a glut4-h ... | 2007 | 17702851 |
| physiological response to persistent organic pollutants in fish from mountain lakes: analysis of cyp1a gene expression in natural populations of salmo trutta. | cytochrome p450 1a (cyp1a) gene expression in fish liver increases upon exposure to a variety of chemical compounds, including organochlorine compounds (ocs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs). to use this physiological response as a marker of environmental impact, we developed and validated a set of primers to quantify cyp1a expression by qrt-pcr in the brown trout, salmo trutta. these primers were used to explore the natural variability of cyp1a expression in 8 isolated populations (6 ... | 2007 | 17711238 |
| influence of genetic dissimilarity in the reproductive success and mate choice of brown trout - females fishing for optimal mhc dissimilarity. | we examined the reproductive success of 48 adult brown trout (salmo trutta l.) which were allowed to reproduce in a stream that was controlled for the absence of other trout. parentage analyses based on 11 microsatellites permitted us to infer reproductive success and mate choice preferences in situ. we found that pairs with intermediate major histocompatibility complex (mhc) dissimilarity mated more often than expected by chance. it appears that female choice was the driving force behind this o ... | 2007 | 17714303 |
| virus isolation vs rt-pcr: which method is more successful in detecting vhsv and ihnv in fish tissue sampled under field conditions? | this study compared the results of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and traditional virus isolation on cell culture in detection of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) and infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv). rt-pcr was used for 172 tissue sample pools (total of 859 fish) originating from a field survey on the occurrence of vhsv and ihnv in farmed and wild salmonids in switzerland. these samples represented all sites with fish that were either identifi ... | 2007 | 17718710 |
| sequence analysis of omnramp alpha and quantitative expression of nramp homologues in different trout strains after infection with myxobolus cerebralis. | salmonid whirling disease caused by the metazoan parasite myxobolus cerebralis is an ongoing problem in wild and farmed rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss populations. rainbow trout from different strains vary in susceptibility to the parasite. identification of underlying mechanisms could be a starting point for improved control of the disease. we conducted infection trials using 2 rainbow trout strains and brown trout salmo trutta fario, a species not susceptible to the parasite, to investigate ... | 2007 | 17803108 |
| comparative estimation of effective population sizes and temporal gene flow in two contrasting population systems. | estimation of effective population sizes (n(e)) and temporal gene flow (n(e)m, m) has many implications for understanding population structure in evolutionary and conservation biology. however, comparative studies that gauge the relative performance of n(e), n(e)m or m methods are few. using temporal genetic data from two salmonid fish population systems with disparate population structure, we (i) evaluated the congruence in estimates and precision of long- and short-term n(e), n(e)m and m from ... | 2007 | 17850551 |
| effects of different surfactants on motility and dna integrity of brown trout (salmo trutta fario) and common carp (cyprinus carpio) spermatozoa. | in this study we evaluated effects of surfactants on motility parameters and dna integrity of spermatozoa of freshwater teleost fish. common carp (cyprinus carpio) and brown trout (salmo trutta fario) spermatozoa were exposed to either sodium dodecyl sulphate (sds, anionic surfactant) or octoxynol 9 ( triton x-100, nonionic surfactant). both surfactants added at activation caused a decrease in sperm motility characteristics measured by computer-assisted sperm analysis (casa). intraspecific diffe ... | 2007 | 17873964 |
| parasitofauna study of the brown trout, salmo trutta (pisces, teleostei) from corsica (mediterranean island) rivers. | corsica is a mediterranean island characterised by a great number of rivers. salmonides are the main fishes which populate these rivers. very appreciated by fishermen, salmonides are represented by three species in the insular hydrographical network, among which an autochthonous species, the brown trout (salmo trutta). in the present work, we have analysed the parasitofauna of this species. according to our knowledge, this research has never been carried out in corsica. in a first step, we drew ... | 2007 | 17933306 |
| body burdens of persistent halogenated compounds during different development stages of anadromous brown trout (salmo trutta). | polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), ddts, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) were followed through the five life stages of a wild population of anadromous brown trout and related to variations in lipid content and exposure situations. anadromous brown trout exhibits great variations in lipid content during its life cycle in the freshwater and marine environments. the results indicated substantial differences in pbde and organochlorine exposure, with apparently more recent sources of pbdes ... | 2007 | 17937270 |
| male dominance linked to size and age, but not to 'good genes' in brown trout (salmo trutta). | males that are successful in intra-sexual competition are often assumed to be of superior quality. in the mating system of most salmonid species, intensive dominance fights are common and the winners monopolise most mates and sire most offspring. we drew a random sample of mature male brown trout (salmo trutta) from two wild populations and determined their dominance hierarchy or traits linked to dominance. the fish were then stripped and their sperm was used for in vitro fertilisations in two f ... | 2007 | 17974038 |
| spatially and temporally fluctuating selection at non-mhc immune genes: evidence from tap polymorphism in populations of brown trout (salmo trutta, l.). | temporal samples of danish brown trout (salmo trutta) from populations representing varying geographical scales were analysed using eight putatively neutral microsatellite loci and two microsatellite loci embedded in tap genes (transporter associated with antigen processing). these genes encode molecules that are central to the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i restricted antigen presentation and thus integral components in the adaptive immune system. as such, they could be influenc ... | 2008 | 17987057 |
| ultrastructural study on the body surface of the acanthocephalan parasite dentitruncus truttae in brown trout. | scanning electron microscope (sem) investigations on the holdfast elements, proboscis hooks, and trunk spines of dentitruncus truttae (acanthocephala, palaeacanthocephala), an endoparasite of salmo trutta (brown trout), provide more data about the surface of these taxonomic relevant structures. in both acanthocephalan sexes, the fully everted cylindrical proboscis possessed 18 longitudinal rows of hooks with 18 hooks per row (rarely 19-20). hook length varied according to position on the probosc ... | 2008 | 17992690 |
| molecular faunistics of accidental infections of gyrodactylus nordmann, 1832 (monogenea) parasitic on salmon salmo salar l. and brown trout salmo trutta l. in nw russia. | salmon salmo salar l. and brown trout s. trutta l. juveniles were examined for the presence of accidental monogenean ectoparasitic species of gyrodactylus nordmann, 1832 in the baltic and white sea basins of russian karelia in order to estimate the frequency of host-switching attempts on an ecological timescale. to collect phylogeographical information and for exact species identification, the parasites were characterised by nuclear internal transcribed spacer sequences of rdna (its) and, for so ... | 2008 | 18038199 |
| exposure assessment of fishes to a modern pulp and paper mill effluents after a black liquor spill. | conjugated resin acids (ras) in fish bile are considered a sensitive chemical indicator of exposure to pulp and paper mill effluent, and were used in this study to monitor the post-spill situation of a lake area (southern lake saimaa) contaminated by black liquor discharged from a mill in june 2003. from the exposure perspective of populations of wild roach and perch, which were studied for their bile ras at four time periods (july 2003, september 2003, may 2004, july 2004), the exceptional even ... | 2008 | 18040877 |
| distribution of intraperitoneally injected diclofenac in brown trout (salmo trutta f. fario). | the detection of low levels of pharmaceuticals in aquatic environments has lately raised concerns regarding possible adverse effects of these highly active substances on aquatic organisms. the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac (dcf) is one of the pharmaceutical substances regularly detected in surface waters and has lately been demonstrated to elicit adverse effects in salmonid species at environmentally relevant concentrations. the aim of the present study was to investigate the d ... | 2008 | 18068779 |
| studies on animal carotenoids; carotenoids of the brown trout (salmo trutta linn.). | 1948 | 18115872 | |
| the swimming performance of brown trout and whitefish: the effects of exercise on ca2+ handling and oxidative capacity of swimming muscles. | the swimming performance of two fish species, the brown trout and whitefish, having initially different swimming strategies, was measured after nine different training programs in order to relate the effects of exercise on ca(2+) handling and oxidative capacity of swimming muscles. the time to 50% fatigue was measured during the training period, and compared with the density of dihydropyridine (dhp) and ryanodine (ry) receptors and succinate dehydrogenase (sdh) and phosphorylase activity determi ... | 2008 | 18189139 |
| the use of primary hepatocytes from brown trout (salmo trutta lacustris) and the fish cell lines rth-149 and zf-l for in vitro screening of (anti)estrogenic activity of wood extractives. | wood extractives are constituents of wood present in pulp and paper mill effluents, which may cause reproductive disturbances in fish. in the present study, we examined three cellular in vitro bioassays in order to assess (anti)estrogenic potencies of the wood extractives dehydroabietic acid (dhaa), isopimaric acid (ipa), betulinol (bet), hydroxymatairesinol (hmr), a phytosterol preparation (ult), an oxidized phytosterol preparation (ox) and the model estrogen 17beta-estradiol (e2). the test sys ... | 2008 | 18206344 |
| selenium and mercury in native and introduced fish species of patagonian lakes, argentina. | a survey of mercury (hg) and selenium (se) contents was performed in fish collected from lakes located in two national parks of the northern patagonian andean range. two native species, catfish (diplomystes viedmensis) and creole perch (percichthys trucha), and three introduced species, brown trout (salmo trutta), rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), and brook trout (salvelinus fontinalis), were caught from lakes nahuel huapi, moreno, traful, espejo chico, and guillelmo belonging to nahuel huapi ... | 2008 | 18214390 |
| interpopulation differences in expression of candidate genes for salinity tolerance in winter migrating anadromous brown trout (salmo trutta l.). | winter migration of immature brown trout (salmo trutta) into freshwater rivers has been hypothesized to result from physiologically stressful combinations of high salinity and low temperature in the sea. | 2008 | 18230136 |
| an investigation into the prevalence of renibacterium salmoninarum in farmed rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), and wild fish populations in selected river catchments in england and wales between 1998 and 2000. | a cross-sectional survey of renibacterium salmoninarum infection in farmed rainbow trout (rbt) and wild fish populations was carried out in 10 farms and six river catchments, respectively, in england and wales. the majority of the wild fish were sampled in 1998 and the farmed fish in 2000. grayling, thymallus thymallus, and brown trout, salmo trutta, were the main wild species sampled. two fish, one grayling and one salmon, salmo salar, were r. salmoninarum culture-positive, compared with 40 con ... | 2008 | 18234016 |
| use of site occupancy models to estimate prevalence of myxobolus cerebralis infection in trout. | empirical estimates of pathogen prevalence in samples of fish may underestimate true prevalence because available detection techniques are incapable of perfect detection. trout of several species were collected from enzootic (myxobolus cerebralis, causative agent in whirling disease) habitats, and individual fish were examined for presence of the parasite two or six times by one of four methods: pepsin-trypsin digest (brown trout salmo trutta), plankton centrifuge (brown trout), polymerase chain ... | 2007 | 18236627 |
| first report of yersinia ruckeri biotype 2 in the usa. | a polyphasic characterization of atypical isolates of yersinia ruckeri (causative agent of enteric redmouth disease in trout) obtained from hatchery-reared brown trout salmo trutta in south carolina was performed. the y. ruckeri isolates were biochemically and genetically distinct from reference cultures, including the type strain, but were unequivocally ascribed to the species y. ruckeri, based on api 20e, vitek, fatty acid methyl ester profiles, and 16s rrna gene sequencing analysis. these iso ... | 2007 | 18236630 |
| host-parasite interactions in oligotrophic stream ecosystems: the roles of life-history strategy and ecological niche. | biodiversity in fluvial ecosystems is under pressure as a consequence of their degradation. conservation strategies for endangered freshwater molluscs and for salmonid fishes have been proposed but they are typically poorly integrated. here, we examined for the first time the genetic structure of a critically endangered obligate mollusc invertebrate parasite, the freshwater pearl mussel (margaritifera margaritifera), and its vertebrate host fish, the brown trout (salmo trutta m. fario), in europ ... | 2008 | 18261044 |
| frequency distribution of coping strategies in four populations of brown trout (salmo trutta). | in a challenging situation some animals respond by active avoidance, aggression and an activation of the sympathetic nervous system whereas others respond by immobility, low levels of aggression and a predominant adrenocortical stress response. when consistent over time and across situations such inter-individual differences in behavioural and physiological stress responses are referred to as stress coping strategies. in a previous study we reported the existence of two distinct stress coping st ... | 2008 | 18280474 |
| raised plasma vitellogenin in male wild brown trout (salmo trutta) near a wastewater treatment plant in ireland. | ovotestis (intersex) and raised plasma vitellogenin in male fish are widely employed biomarkers of estrogen contamination in the aquatic environment. in the present study, these biomarkers were used to determine whether irish rivers contain estrogenic chemicals at levels capable of affecting the reproductive health and success of exposed fish populations. a number of aquatic ecosystems were investigated (the rivers liffey, lee, and bandon and the killarney lakes). a survey of male wild brown tro ... | 2008 | 18315389 |
| sex hormone concentrations and gonad histology in brown trout (salmo trutta) exposed to 17beta-estradiol and bisphenol a. | the impact of 17beta-estradiol (e2) and bisphenol a (bpa) on steroid hormone levels and gonad development in brown trout (salmo trutta) was determined. exposure took place from 0 to 63 days post-fertilisation (dpf) and gonad development was followed till 400 dpf. the onset of xenoestrogen metabolism was examined by measurements of whole body concentrations of bisphenol a (bpa) and its conjugation product bisphenol a glucuronic acid (bpaga). exposure to 500 ng e2/l led to an increase in e2 levels ... | 2008 | 18320304 |
| do native brown trout and non-native brook trout interact reproductively? | reproductive interactions between native and non-native species of fish have received little attention compared to other types of interactions such as predation or competition for food and habitat. we studied the reproductive interactions between non-native brook trout (salvelinus fontinalis) and native brown trout (salmo trutta) in a pyrenees mountain stream (sw france). we found evidence of significant interspecific interactions owing to consistent spatial and temporal overlap in redd localiza ... | 2008 | 18338149 |
| preliminary assessment of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) in the scottish aquatic environment, including the firth of clyde. | this paper presents preliminary data on polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) in the scottish aquatic environment. sediment and biota (fish liver, fish muscle and mussels) from a number of locations around scotland were analysed for pbdes with samples being from both remote and from potentially contaminated areas such as the former sewage sludge dump site at garroch head in the clyde. pbdes were measured in both cultivated, rope grown mussels and wild mussels collected from 5 sites around scotl ... | 2008 | 18385867 |
| decline of brown trout (salmo trutta) in switzerland - how to assess potential causes in a multi-factorial cause-effect relationship. | a considerable decline in fish catch in switzerland triggered a 5-year project (fischnetz) to investigate potential causes. the results of many field and laboratory studies, together with literature and historical data, indicated a need for a concise synthesis of the results. therefore, bayesian probability network (bpn) and weight-of-evidence (woe) approaches were applied. here, these both approaches are compared and evaluated. in addition, the potential reasons for the (mis)match in the two ap ... | 2008 | 18403006 |
| actinosporean stages of myxozoan parasites of oligochaetes from nera river basin, central italy. | the aim of this study was to check the occurrence of actinosporean stages of myxozoan parasites of oligochaetes in the nera river basin (central italy). the investigation was conducted near twelve trout farms (rainbow and brown trout) along the nera river and in the littoral of the piediluco lake. four actinosporean types, belonging to the collective groups aurantiactinomyxon, triactinomyxon, raabeia and echinactinomyxon, were detected in some of the biotopes investigated (piediluco lake and sor ... | 2007 | 18412048 |
| inflammatory response to dentitruncus truttae (acanthocephala) in the intestine of brown trout. | brown trout, salmo trutta l., were infected with the acanthocephalan dentitruncus truttae with the most affected areas being the anterior (near the pyloric caeca) and middle intestine. the parasite attached with a proboscis which usually penetrated the mucosa, lamina propria, stratum compactum, stratum granulosum and, sometimes, the muscularis layer. around the parasite's body was an area of inflammatory tissue. at the point of attachment the lamina propria was thickened and the stratum compactu ... | 2008 | 18424172 |
| viability of brown trout embryos positively linked to melanin-based but negatively to carotenoid-based colours of their fathers. | 'good-genes' models of sexual selection predict significant additive genetic variation for fitness-correlated traits within populations to be revealed by phenotypic traits. to test this prediction, we sampled brown trout (salmo trutta) from their natural spawning place, analysed their carotenoid-based red and melanin-based dark skin colours and tested whether these colours can be used to predict offspring viability. we produced half-sib families by in vitro fertilization, reared the resulting em ... | 2008 | 18445560 |
| can prey exhibit threat-sensitive generalization of predator recognition? extending the predator recognition continuum hypothesis. | despite the importance of predator recognition in mediating predator-prey interactions, we know little about the specific characteristics that prey use to distinguish predators from non-predators. recent experiments indicate that some prey who do not innately recognize specific predators as threats have the ability to display antipredator responses upon their first encounter with those predators if they are similar to predators that the prey has recently learned to recognize. the purpose of our ... | 2008 | 18445564 |
| distribution of calretinin during development of the olfactory system in the brown trout, salmo trutta fario: comparison with other immunohistochemical markers. | immunocytochemical techniques were used to investigate the appearance and distribution of calretinin in the olfactory system of developing and adult brown trout (salmo trutta fario l.). the earliest calretinin-immunoreactive (cr-ir) cells were detected in the olfactory placode of 5-mm embryos. in 8-mm embryos, a cr-ir olfactory nerve was observed. the number of cr-ir olfactory receptor cells increased rapidly, and in fry and adults they were characterized by light and electron microscopy as pert ... | 2008 | 18462923 |
| molecular analysis of a nor site polymorphism in brown trout (salmo trutta): organization of rdna intergenic spacers. | using restriction endonuclease mapping, we have analyzed the organization of rdna (dna coding for ribosomal rna (rrna)) units in the salmonid fish salmo trutta, as an initial step toward understand the molecular basis of a nucleolar organizer region (nor) site polymorphism detected in this species. the size of the rdna units ranged between 15 and 23 kb, with remarkable variation both within individuals and between populations. three regions of internal tandem repetitiveness responsible for this ... | 1997 | 18464877 |
| fate of maternal mtdna following 60co inactivation of maternal nuclear dna in unfertilized salmonid eggs. | the effects of gamma irradiation on nuclear dna and mitochondrial dna (mtdna) were examined by exposing unfertilized salmonid eggs to a 60co source. brown trout (salmo trutta) eggs exposed to 60co were fertilized with sperm from brook trout (salvelinus fontinalis), and brook trout eggs exposed to 60co were fertilized with sperm from splake males (s. namaycush x s. fontinalis). in both types of matings only paternal allozymes were found in embryos, confirming the inactivation of the nuclear genom ... | 1993 | 18470019 |
| transmission of tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (myxozoa: malacosporea) to fredericella sultana (bryozoa: phylactolaemata) by various fish species. | tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae is a myxozoan parasite of salmonids and freshwater bryozoans, which causes proliferative kidney disease (pkd) in the fish host. to test which fish species are able to transmit t. bryosalmonae to bryozoans, an infection experiment was conducted with 5 pkd-sensitive fish species from different genera. rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss, brown trout salmo trutta, brook trout salvelinus fontinalis, grayling thymallus thymallus and northern pike esox lucius were cohabitat ... | 2008 | 18500029 |
| patterns of angiogenic and hematopoietic gene expression during brown trout embryogenesis. | in this article, whole mount in situ hybridization is used to examine early blood vessel and blood cell development in the embryos of the brown trout salmo trutta lacustris. cdnas encoding for the angiogenic markers fli1 and flk1, and for the hematopoietic markers gata1 and gata2, were identified from an expressed sequence tag library of rainbow trout. results show that fli1, flk1 and gata2 are activated in bilateral bands of the lateral trunk mesoderm before the onset of somitogenesis, shortly ... | 2008 | 18512703 |
| population transcriptomics of life-history variation in the genus salmo. | in this study, we demonstrate the power of applying complementary dna (cdna) microarray technology to identifying candidate loci that exhibit subtle differences in expression levels associated with a complex trait in natural populations of a nonmodel organism. using a highly replicated experimental design involving 180 cdna microarray experiments, we measured gene-expression levels from 1098 transcript probes in 90 individuals originating from six brown trout (salmo trutta) and one atlantic salm ... | 2008 | 18522696 |
| habitat segregation mediates predation by the benthic fish cottus gobio on the exotic amphipod species gammarus roeseli. | predation is often considered as one of the most important biotic factor determining the success of exotic species. the freshwater amphipod gammarus roeseli has widely colonized western europe, where it is frequently found in sympatry with the native species (gammarus pulex). previous laboratory experiments revealed that g. roeseli may have an advantage over g. pulex through differential predation by native fish (brown trout). morphological anti-predator defences (spines) were found responsible ... | 2008 | 18523749 |
| sporogony of tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae in the brown trout salmo trutta and the role of the tertiary cell during the vertebrate phase of myxozoan life cycles. | tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae is the myxozoan that causes the commercially and ecologically important proliferative kidney disease of salmonid fish species. immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy were used to examine the development of this parasite within the kidney of the brown trout salmo trutta. the main replicative phase of t. bryosalmonae is a cell doublet composed of a primary cell and a single secondary cell. engulfment of one secondary cell by another to form a secondary-tertiary ... | 2008 | 18549518 |
| vitellogenin as a biomarker for estrogenic effects in brown trout, salmo trutta: laboratory and field investigations. | the sensitivity of juvenile brown trout towards estrogenic chemicals (17beta-estradiol [e2], estrone [e1], 17alpha-ethinylestradiol [ee2], 4-tert-octylphenol [op], and n-butylparaben [bp]) was tested in laboratory experiments with plasma and liver vitellogenin concentrations as endpoints. vitellogenin concentrations were also assessed in juvenile brown trout collected in streams affected by agricultural runoff and discharges from scattered houses in the open land. in the laboratory, juvenile bro ... | 2008 | 18611082 |
| seasonal comparison of wild and farmed brown trout (salmo trutta forma fario l., 1758): crude lipid, gonadosomatic index and fatty acids. | brown trout is one of the most preferred wild freshwater fish species in the east black sea region (turkey) due to its nutritional value and palatable aroma as well as being popular for sport fishing. in this research, seasonal variations in the crude lipid, gonadosomatic index and fatty acid composition of wild and farmed brown trout were investigated. the spawning period of wild and farmed brown trout appears to be from august to october and from october to january, respectively. the mean crud ... | 2008 | 18651298 |
| an assessment of the variation in the prevalence of renal myxosporidiosis and hepatitis in wild brown trout, salmo trutta l., within and between rivers in south-west england. | the prevalence of renal myxosporidiosis in wild brown trout, salmo trutta, in seven river catchments in south-west england was investigated. three hundred and twenty-seven fish were sampled from 16 sites, of which 54 (16.5%) were found, by histological examination of the kidney, to be infected with tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, the causative agent of proliferative kidney disease. no t. bryosalmonae infected fish were found in one river catchment, in other catchments the prevalence ranged from 2 ... | 2008 | 18681903 |
| genotoxic pressure of vineyard pesticides in fish: field and mesocosm surveys. | the present study deals with the genotoxicity assessment of vineyard pesticides in fish exposed in the field or in mesocosm conditions. primary dna damage was quantified as strand breaks using the single cell gel electrophoresis assay (comet assay) applied to fish erythrocytes. in a first experiment, a significant genotoxic effect was observed following an upstream-downstream gradient in early life stages of brown trout (salmo trutta fario) exposed in the morcille river contaminated by a mixture ... | 2008 | 18703238 |
| local adaptation in brown trout early life-history traits: implications for climate change adaptability. | knowledge of local adaptation and adaptive potential of natural populations is becoming increasingly relevant due to anthropogenic changes in the environment, such as climate change. the concern is that populations will be negatively affected by increasing temperatures without the capacity to adapt. temperature-related adaptability in traits related to phenology and early life history are expected to be particularly important in salmonid fishes. we focused on the latter and investigated whether ... | 2008 | 18755673 |
| sensitivity of brown trout reproduction to long-term estrogenic exposure. | a decline in brown trout (salmo trutta fario) catches has been reported in switzerland, but at present the causative factors have not been clearly identified. estrogen-active endocrine disrupters (eeds) have been suggested as one possible explanation, since they are widespread in the aquatic environment and often found at elevated concentrations. in the present study the effects of long-term estrogenic exposure on the reproductive capability of brown trout were investigated. adult fish were cont ... | 2008 | 18804294 |
| social interactions, predation behaviour and fast start performance are affected by ammonia exposure in brown trout (salmo trutta l.). | in fish, fast starts are brief, sudden accelerations during predator-prey encounters. they serve for escape and predation and are therefore ecologically important movements. fast starts are generated by glycolytic muscle performance and are influenced by many internal and external factors. it is known that ammonia pollution has a major effect on the glycolytic muscle action, thus creating conditions in which fast start performance might be reduced and predation rates altered. therefore, escape r ... | 2008 | 18829121 |
| water temperature and concomitant waterborne ethinylestradiol exposure affects the vitellogenin expression in juvenile brown trout (salmo trutta). | environmental estrogens have the potential to considerably affect the reproduction and development of aquatic vertebrates by interfering with the endocrine system. in addition to the potential risk of environmental estrogens, increasing water temperatures as a result of global warming have become a serious problem in many rivers and streams. to assess the degree of estrogenic exposure, the analysis of the estrogen-dependent protein vitellogenin (vtg) is a frequently used biomarker in field studi ... | 2008 | 18947890 |
| cryobanking as tool for conservation of biodiversity: effect of brown trout sperm cryopreservation on the male genetic potential. | sperm cryobanking could be a good alternative to breeding in captivity in order to preserve genetic diversity. sperm from two well-characterized brown trout populations originating from two river basins in the northwest of spain (esla and duerna), both threatened by extinction, was cryopreserved. in order to determine whether a sperm cryobank is the best option for preserving genetic profiles, cell viability, chromatin fragmentation, fertility and genetic variability of the offspring obtained wi ... | 2009 | 18976804 |
| climate and land-use changes affecting river sediment and brown trout in alpine countries--a review. | catch decline of freshwater fish has been recorded in several countries. among the possible causes, habitat change is discussed. this article focuses on potentially increased levels of fine sediments going to rivers and their effects on gravel-spawning brown trout. indications of increased erosion rates are evident from land-use change in agriculture, changes in forest management practices, and from climate change. the latter induces an increase in air and river water temperatures, reduction in ... | 2009 | 19048320 |
| does the introduced brook trout (salvelinus fontinalis) affect growth of the native brown trout (salmo trutta)? | non-native brook trout have become widely established in north european streams. we combined evidence from an artificial-stream experiment and drainage-scale field surveys to examine whether brook trout suppressed the growth of the native brown trout (age 0 to age 2). our experimental results demonstrated that brown trout were unaffected by the presence of brook trout but that brook trout showed reduced growth in the presence of brown trout. however, the growth reduction only appeared in the exp ... | 2009 | 19050841 |
| seasonal and gender variation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors expression in brown trout liver. | ppar isotypes have been previously identified in the teleost brown trout (salmo trutta f. fario) and their organ distribution pattern established. being that the liver is a vital metabolic organ presenting expression of all isotypes and also knowing that estrogens/estrogen receptors seem to interact with ppars, we hypothesized that the latter may very well change seasonally. so, we studied the expression of these receptors in the liver, along the annual reproductive cycle and in both genders. ac ... | 2009 | 19068217 |
| ligand-specific induction of endocytosis in taste receptor cells. | we demonstrate a ligand-specific induction of endocytosis in cells of juvenile brown trout taste buds. the process is fast, massive and selective, as only a few cells in each taste buds are stained by exposure of the oral cavity to the taste stimulant l-cysteine together with a dye at 20 degrees c. low temperature (+2 degrees c) and disruption of microtubules with nocodazole caused a substantial reduction in the number of taste cells stained, indicating endocytic uptake of dye and transport towa ... | 2009 | 19088209 |
| high ag-nor-site variation associated to a secondary contact in brown trout from the iberian peninsula. | the analysis of nucleolar organizer regions (nors) using silver (ag-) staining and in situ hybridization (ish) in brown trout (salmo trutta) from various river basins in the iberian peninsula revealed high variation in the number and location of nors. a total of 17 different ag-nor sites were revealed in 10 different chromosome pairs. three different ag-nor patterns clustered by river basins and strongly associated to the internal transcribed spacer 1 (its1) variation were detected. the main var ... | 2009 | 19112557 |
| in vitro and in vivo immune responses induced by a dna vaccine encoding the vp2 gene of the infectious pancreatic necrosis virus. | the work presented here describes the construction of a plasmid encoding the vp2 gene of the infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (ipnv), its expression in bf-2 cells and an evaluation of its activity in brown trout (salmo trutta l) soon after injection. preliminary experiments to evaluate the potential of the plasmid to induce neutralizing antibodies were also performed. we established a bf-2 cell line that expresses vp2 constitutively and we examined the infection of these vp2-transfected bf-2 ... | 2009 | 19121400 |
| the salmonid cathelicidins: a gene family with highly varied c-terminal antimicrobial domains. | the cathelicidin family of host defence peptides is regarded as an important component of the host innate immune system. its members have been found in mammals, birds, primitive vertebrate atlantic hagfish and, most recently, also in ray-finned fish such as rainbow trout and atlantic salmon. by using genomic pcr amplifications and rt-pcr tissue analyses we have here investigated and characterized the cathelicidin gene family in three salmonids: brown trout (salmo trutta fario), brook trout (salv ... | 2009 | 19168146 |
| composition of ovarian fluid in endangered caspian brown trout, salmo trutta caspius, and its effects on spermatozoa motility and fertilizing ability compared to freshwater and a saline medium. | in this study, ovarian fluid composition and its effects on the motility and fertilizing ability of sperm were studied in endangered caspian brown trout, salmo trutta caspius, and were compared with a saline activation medium (125 mm nacl, 30 mm glycine, 20 mm tris-hcl, ph = 9.0) and freshwater as the control. the ovarian fluid was composed of sodium 164.4 +/- 4.4 mm l(-1), potassium 1.8 +/- 0.1 mm l(-1), calcium 0.6 +/- 0.1 mm l(-1), magnesium 0.4 +/- 0.02 mm l(-1), chloride 127.4 +/- 5.9 mm l( ... | 2009 | 19169837 |
| microhabitat selection of discocotyle sagittata (monogenea: polyopisthocotylea) in farmed rainbow trout. | microhabitat preference of the monogenean discocotyle sagittata (leuckart, 1842) was determined in late spring and late autumn in rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), reared in the isle of man, u.k. discocotyle sagittata exhibits a preference for attachment to anterior gill arches: 29% of all worms occurred on gill arch i, 28% on ii, 25% on iii and 18% on iv. this distribution pattern on the introduced salmonid species is the same as reported for its native european host, the brown trou ... | 2008 | 19175205 |
| ultrastructure of microtriches on the scolex of cyathocephalus truncatus (cestoda: spathebothriidea). | the scolex surface of the mature spathebothriidean cyathocephalus truncatus (pallas, 1781), a parasite of the brown trout salmo trutta fario l., was studied using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. a particular attention was paid to microtriches, unique structure on the surface of the cestoda. the scolex of c. truncatus is covered with two types of filiform microtriches (filitriches): aciculate (approximately 3 microm long) and capillate (approximately 10 microm long). capillate micr ... | 2008 | 19175209 |