Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| efficient production of bacillus thuringiensis cry1amod toxins under regulation of cry3aa promoter and single cysteine mutations in the protoxin region. | bacillus thuringiensis cry1abmod toxins are engineered versions of cry1ab that lack the amino-terminal end, including domain i helix α-1 and part of helix α-2. this deletion improves oligomerization of these toxins in solution in the absence of cadherin receptor and counters resistance to cry1a toxins in different lepidopteran insects, suggesting that oligomerization plays a major role in their toxicity. however, cry1abmod toxins are toxic to escherichia coli cells, since the cry1a promoter that ... | 2013 | 24014526 |
| proteolytic processing of bacillus thuringiensis toxin cry1ab in rice brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål). | to understand the low toxicity of cry toxins in planthoppers, proteolytic activation of cry1ab in nilaparvata lugens was studied. the proteolytic processing of cry1ab protoxin by n. lugens midgut proteases was similar to that by trypsin activated cry1ab. the cry1ab processed with n. lugens midgut proteases was highly insecticidal against plutella xylostella. however, cry1ab activated either by trypsin or the gut proteases of the brown planthopper showed low toxicity in n. lugens. binding analysi ... | 2013 | 24021715 |
| insecticidal activity of bacillus thuringiensis cry1bh1 against ostrinia nubilalis (hubner) (lepidoptera: crambidae) and other lepidopteran pests. | bacillus thuringiensis is an important source of insect resistance traits in commercial crops. in an effort to prolong b. thuringiensis trait durability, insect resistance management programs often include combinations of insecticidal proteins that are not cross resistant or have demonstrable differences in their site of action as a means to mitigate the development of resistant insect populations. in this report, we describe the activity spectrum of a novel b. thuringiensis cry protein, cry1bh1 ... | 2013 | 24077715 |
| midgut transcriptome response to a cry toxin in the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae). | to investigate the response of plutella xylostella transcriptome in defending against a bt toxin, high-throughput rna-sequencing was carried out to examine cry1ac-susceptible and -resistant strains. the comparative analysis indentified over 2900 differentially expressed unigenes (deus) between these two strains. gene ontology analysis placed these unigenes primarily into cell, cell part, organelle, binding, catalytic, cellular process, metabolic process, and response to stimulus categories. base ... | 2014 | 24120626 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of the calcineurin subunit a from plutella xylostella. | calcineurin (or pp2b) has been reported to be involved in an array of physiological process in insects, and the calcineurin subunit a (cna) plays a central role in calcineurin activity. we cloned the cna gene from plutella xylostella (pxcna). this gene contains an orf of 1488 bp that encodes a 495 amino acid protein, showing 98%, and 80% identities to the cna of bombyx mori, and humans respectively. the full-length of pxcna and its catalytic domain (cna(1-341), defined as pxcnα) were both expres ... | 2013 | 24132154 |
| metabolic differentiation of diamondback moth ( plutella xylostella (l.)) resistance in cabbage ( brassica oleracea l. ssp. capitata). | the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.), is a major pest responsible for destroying cabbage and other brassica vegetable crops. a diamondback moth-resistant cabbage line was studied by comparing its metabolite profiles with those of a susceptible cabbage. fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed that carbohydrates, aromatic compounds, and amides were the major factors that distinguished the resistant and susceptible genotypes. gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectr ... | 2013 | 24144435 |
| intra-specific variation in wild brassica oleracea for aphid-induced plant responses and consequences for caterpillar-parasitoid interactions. | herbivore-induced plant responses not only influence the initiating attackers, but also other herbivores feeding on the same host plant simultaneously or at a different time. insects belonging to different feeding guilds are known to induce different responses in the host plant. changes in a plant's phenotype not only affect its interactions with herbivores but also with organisms higher in the food chain. previous work has shown that feeding by a phloem-feeding aphid on a cabbage cultivar facil ... | 2014 | 24178834 |
| tri-trophic insecticidal effects of african plants against cabbage pests. | botanical insecticides are increasingly attracting research attention as they offer novel modes of action that may provide effective control of pests that have already developed resistance to conventional insecticides. they potentially offer cost-effective pest control to smallholder farmers in developing countries if highly active extracts can be prepared simply from readily available plants. field cage and open field experiments were conducted to evaluate the insecticidal potential of nine com ... | 2013 | 24205287 |
| an ecogenomic analysis of herbivore-induced plant volatiles in brassica juncea. | upon herbivore feeding, plants emit complex bouquets of induced volatiles that may repel insect herbivores as well as attract parasitoids or predators. due to differences in the temporal dynamics of individual components, the composition of the herbivore-induced plant volatile (hipv) blend changes with time. consequently, the response of insects associated with plants is not constant either. using brassica juncea as the model plant and generalist spodoptera spp. larvae as the inducing herbivore, ... | 2013 | 24219759 |
| antibody-based detection of alkaline phosphatase in lepidopteran insects (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | alkaline phosphatase (alp) of helicoverpa armigera hub. (lepidoptera; noctuidae) (genbank accession no. eu729322) was cloned and expressed. the target gene h.a-alp, having an open reading frame of 1608 bp, was reverse-transcribed from cdna by the polymerase chain reaction. the open reading frame of the target gene was cloned into the pet-32a expression vector to obtain recombinant protein in escherichia coli de-3 cells for the subsequent production of polyclonal antibody. new zealand white rabbi ... | 2013 | 24222217 |
| genome scale transcriptomics of baculovirus-insect interactions. | baculovirus-insect cell technologies are applied in the production of complex proteins, veterinary and human vaccines, gene delivery vectors' and biopesticides. better understanding of how baculoviruses and insect cells interact would facilitate baculovirus-based production. while complete genomic sequences are available for over 58 baculovirus species, little insect genomic information is known. the release of the bombyx mori and plutella xylostella genomes, the accumulation of est sequences fo ... | 2013 | 24226166 |
| identification and developmental profiling of micrornas in diamondback moth, plutellaxylostella (l.). | micrornas (mirnas) are a group of small rnas involved in various biological processes through negative regulation of mrnas at the post-transcriptional level. although mirna profiles have been documented in over two dozen insect species, few are agricultural pests. in this study, both conserved and novel mirnas in the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella l., a devastating insect pest of cruciferous crops worldwide, were documented. high-throughput sequencing of a small rna library constructed fr ... | 2013 | 24236051 |
| cantharidin impedes the activity of protein serine/threonine phosphatase in plutella xylostella. | cantharidin, a natural toxin produced by the blister beetle, was reported to be toxic to some pests, but the mechanism of its toxicity in insects remains undefined. we found that cantharidin exerted in vivo and in vitro inhibitory effects on protein serine/threonine phosphatases (psps) of plutella xylostella. five psp genes, pp1, pp2a, pp4, pp5, and pp6, were cloned from p. xylostella. phosphatase domain alignment showed a high similarity. recombinant pxpp5 (rpxpp5) was expressed in escherichia ... | 2014 | 24253262 |
| evidence of an aggregation pheromone in the flea beetle,phyllotreta cruciferae (goeze) (coleoptera: chrysomelidae). | laboratory olfactometer bioassays and field trapping experiments showed that the flea beetle,phyllotreta cruciferae (goeze), was highly attracted by oilseed rape(brassica napus l.) when flea beetles were on the plant. this attraction was mediated by a flea beetle-produced aggregation pheromone based upon: (1) oilseed rape damaged mechanically, or byp. cruciferae, or by diamondback moth,plutella xylostella (l.), did not attractp. cruciferae. (2) contact with the plants or feeding was required for ... | 1992 | 24254091 |
| amplifying long transcripts of ryanodine receptors of five agricultural pests by transcriptome analysis and gap filling. | ryanodine receptor (ryr) is an intracellular calcium release channel that plays a key role in excitation contraction coupling. insect ryr is the target of diamide insecticides. better understanding of insect ryr is necessary for studying the molecular mode of action and potential resistance mechanism of diamide insecticides. however, molecular manipulation of the full ryr gene is difficult because of its length (approximately 15 kb). at present, ryr genes have been reported only in a limited num ... | 2013 | 24299104 |
| using plant chemistry and insect preference to study the potential of barbarea (brassicaceae) as a dead-end trap crop for diamondback moth (lepidoptera: plutellidae). | barbarea vulgaris r. br. has been proposed as a dead-end trap crop for diamondback moth, plutella xylostella l. (lepidoptera: plutellidae), because its larvae do not survive on this plant species despite being highly preferred for oviposition. we compared plants of several species, varieties, and types in the genus barbarea (brassicaceae) to study their potential as trap crops for p. xylostella. in terms of insect behavior, barbarea plants were assessed based on the criteria of high oviposition ... | 2014 | 24342111 |
| pathogenicity of a microsporidium isolate from the diamondback moth against noctuid moths: characterization and implications for microbiological pest management. | due to problems with chemical control, there is increasing interest in the use of microsporidia for control of lepidopteran pests. however, there have been few studies to evaluate the susceptibility of exotic species to microsporidia from indigenous lepidoptera. | 2013 | 24349104 |
| bottom-up and top-down herbivore regulation mediated by glucosinolates in brassica oleracea var. acephala. | quantitative differences in plant defence metabolites, such as glucosinolates, may directly affect herbivore preference and performance, and indirectly affect natural enemy pressure. by assessing insect abundance and leaf damage rate, we studied the responses of insect herbivores to six genotypes of brassica oleracea var. acephala, selected from the same cultivar for having high or low foliar content of sinigrin, glucoiberin and glucobrassicin. we also investigated whether the natural parasitism ... | 2014 | 24352843 |
| development of a high efficient "dual bt-plus" insecticide using a primary form of an entomopathogenic bacterium, xenorhabdus nematophila. | a phase variation has been reported in an entomopathogenic bacterium, xenorhabdus nematophila. compared with a wild-type primary form, a secondary form usually loses several physiological and biochemical characters. this study showed that the phase variation of x. nematophila caused a significant alteration in its immunosuppressive activity and subsequent entomopathogenicity. a secondary form of x. nematophila was detected in laboratory colonies and exhibited significant differences in dye absor ... | 2014 | 24394195 |
| dbm-db: the diamondback moth genome database. | the diamondback moth genome database (dbm-db) is a central online repository for storing and integrating genomic data of diamondback moth (dbm), plutella xylostella (l.). it provides comprehensive search tools and downloadable datasets for scientists to study comparative genomics, biological interpretation and gene annotation of this insect pest. dbm-db contains assembled transcriptome datasets from multiple dbm strains and developmental stages, and the annotated genome of p. xylostella (version ... | 2014 | 24434032 |
| effect of midgut proteolytic activity on susceptibility of lepidopteran larvae to bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) is the most effective microbial control agent for controlling numerous species from different insect orders. all subspecies and strains of b. thuringiensis can produce a spore and a crystalline parasporal body. this crystal which contains proteinaceous protoxins is dissolved in the alkaline midgut, the resulting molecule is then cleaved and activated by proteolytic enzymes and acts as a toxin. an interesting aspect of this activation process is that variations in midg ... | 2013 | 24474937 |
| a recombinant fusion protein containing a spider toxin specific for the insect voltage-gated sodium ion channel shows oral toxicity towards insects of different orders. | recombinant fusion protein technology allows specific insecticidal protein and peptide toxins to display activity in orally-delivered biopesticides. the spider venom peptide δ-amaurobitoxin-pi1a, which targets insect voltage-gated sodium channels, was fused to the "carrier" snowdrop lectin (gna) to confer oral toxicity. the toxin itself (pi1a) and an amaurobitoxin/gna fusion protein (pi1a/gna) were produced using the yeast pichia pastoris as expression host. although both proteins caused mortali ... | 2014 | 24486516 |
| complete genome sequence of agrotis segetum granulovirus shanghai strain. | the complete nucleotide sequence of agrotis segetum granulovirus shanghai strain (agsegv-l1) was determined and compared with that of agsegv xinjiang strain (agsegv-xj). the circular genome of agsegv-l1 is 131,442 bp and has a g+c content of 37.27 %. it includes 149 orfs, 24 of which are unique to agsegv (agsegv-l1 and agsegv-xj [genbank accession no. nc_005839]). the average level of amino acid sequence identity between agsegv-l1 and other granulovirus (gv) homologues (except agsegv-xj) ranged ... | 2014 | 24519461 |
| effects of plant availability on population size and dynamics of an insect community: diamondback moth and two of its parasitoids. | to understand the effect of plant availability/structure on the population size and dynamics of insects, a specialist herbivore in the presence of two of its parasitoids was studied in four replicated time-series experiments with high and low plant availabilities; under the latter condition, the herbivore suffered from some periods of resource limitation (starvation) and little plant-related structural refuges. population dynamics of the parasitoid cotesia vestalis was governed mainly by the del ... | 2014 | 24521693 |
| noncrop flowering plants restore top-down herbivore control in agricultural fields. | herbivore populations are regulated by bottom-up control through food availability and quality and by top-down control through natural enemies. intensive agricultural monocultures provide abundant food to specialized herbivores and at the same time negatively impact natural enemies because monocultures are depauperate in carbohydrate food sources required by many natural enemies. as a consequence, herbivores are released from both types of control. diversifying intensive cropping systems with fl ... | 2013 | 24567828 |
| spore density and viability of entomopathogenic fungal isolates from indonesia, and their virulence against aphis gossypii glover (homoptera: aphididae). | the focus of this study was on quantifying fitness attributes, such as spore density and viability, and determining the virulence level against aphid (aphis gossypii) nymphs of isolates from the fungal species beauveria bassiana and metarhizium anisopliae. the fungal isolates were obtained from several insects, including plutella xylostella, hypothenemus hampei, bronstispa longissima, a. gossypii, tenebrio molitor, and leptocorisa acuta, that were collected from indonesian islands, such as sumat ... | 2010 | 24575186 |
| mechanisms relevant to the enhanced virulence of a dihydroxynaphthalene-melanin metabolically engineered entomopathogen. | the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae ma05-169 is a transformant strain that has been metabolically engineered to express dihydroxynaphthalene-melanin biosynthesis genes. in contrast to the wild type strain, the transformant displays a greater resistance to environmental stress and a higher virulence toward target insect host. however, the underlying mechanisms for these characteristics remain unclear; hence experiments were initiated to explore the possible mechanism(s) through phy ... | 2014 | 24662974 |
| tri-trophic studies using cry1ac-resistant plutella xylostella demonstrate no adverse effects of cry1ac on the entomopathogenic nematode, heterorhabditis bacteriophora. | the potential impacts on natural enemies of crops that produce insecticidal cry proteins from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) are an important part of an environmental risk assessment. entomopathogenic nematodes are important natural enemies of lepidopteran pests, and the effects of bt crops on these nontarget organisms should be investigated to avoid disruption of their biological control function. the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of cry1ac-expressing transgenic bt broccol ... | 2014 | 24665692 |
| evaluation of the time-concentration-mortality responses of plutella xylostella larvae to the interaction of isaria fumosorosea with the insecticides beta-cypermethrin and bacillus thuringiensis. | entomopathogenic fungi are potential candidates for controlling plutella xylostella, a cosmopolitan pest of crucifers. in this study, bioassays were conducted to evaluate the interaction between isaria fumosorosea and sublethal doses of two insecticides, beta-cypermethrin and bacillus thuringiensis, against p. xylostella. | 2015 | 24668916 |
| construction and characterisation of near-isogenic plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae) strains resistant to cry1ac toxin. | resistance to insecticidal bacillus thuringiensis (bt) toxins has arisen in multiple populations of the worldwide brassica pest plutella xylostella (l.). to help elucidate the mechanism of resistance to bt cry1ac toxin in a population from florida, two pairs of near-isogenic lines (nils) were developed. | 2015 | 24687616 |
| early transcription of bacillus thuringiensis cry genes in strains active on lepidopteran species and the role of gene content on their expression. | six strains of bacillus thuringiensis previously selected as highly toxic against manduca sexta and plutella xylostella were analyzed by pcr screening in order to identify the cry genes active on lepidoptera. according to their gene content and insecticidal potency, these strains were cultured and aliquots taken at different pre- and post-sporulation times. total rna was extracted and used as template in rt-pcr analyses directed to identify mrnas of the previously identified cry genes. results s ... | 2014 | 24691997 |
| movement of cyantraniliprole in plants after foliar applications and its impact on the control of sucking and chewing insects. | given the physical properties of insecticides, there is often some movement of these compounds within crop plants following foliar application. in this context, movement of two formulations of cyantraniliprole, an anthranilic diamide, was characterized for translocation to new growth, distribution within a leaf and penetration through the leaf cuticle. | 2015 | 24771486 |
| characterization of protein phosphatase 5 from three lepidopteran insects: helicoverpa armigera, mythimna separata and plutella xylostella. | protein phosphatase 5 (pp5), a unique member of serine/threonine phosphatases, regulates a variety of biological processes. we obtained full-length pp5 cdnas from three lepidopteran insects, helicoverpa armigera, mythimna separata and plutella xylostella, encoding predicted proteins of 490 (55.98 kda), 490 (55.82 kda) and 491 (56.07 kda) amino acids, respectively. these sequences shared a high identity with other insect pp5s and contained the tpr (tetratricopeptide repeat) domains at n-terminal ... | 2014 | 24823652 |
| rnai-mediated knockdown of serine protease inhibitor genes increases the mortality of plutella xylostella challenged by destruxin a. | destruxin a is a mycotoxin that is secreted by entomopathogenic fungi which has a broad-spectrum insecticidal effect. previous transcript and protein profiling analysis showed that destruxin a has significant effects on the expression of serine protease inhibitor genes (serpin-2, 4, 5) in the larvae of plutella xylostella. in the current study, we aimed to understand the role of serpins under application of destruxin a. we obtained two full-length cdna sequences of p. xylostella serpins, named s ... | 2014 | 24837592 |
| the α6 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit of frankliniella occidentalis is not involved in resistance to spinosad. | insects evolve resistance which constrains the sustainable use of insecticides. spinosyns, a class of environmentally-friendly macrolide insecticides, is not an exception. the mode of inheritance and the mechanisms of resistance to spinosad (the most common spinosyn insecticide) in frankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips, wft) were investigated in this study. resistance (170,000-fold) was autosomal and completely recessive. recent studies showed that deletion of the nicotinic acetylcho ... | 2014 | 24861935 |
| abcc transporters mediate insect resistance to multiple bt toxins revealed by bulk segregant analysis. | relatively recent evidence indicates that abcc2 transporters play a main role in the mode of action of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cry1a-type proteins. mapping of major cry1a resistance genes has linked resistance to the abcc2 locus in heliothis virescens, plutella xylostella, trichoplusia ni and bombyx mori, and mutations in this gene have been found in three of these bt-resistant strains. | 2014 | 24912445 |
| screening of cry-type promoters with strong activity and application in cry protein encapsulation in a sigk mutant. | to optimize the expression of cry genes in a bacillus thuringiensis sigk mutant failing in crystal releasing, the transcriptional activity of the cry promoters cry1a, cry3a, cry4a, and cry8e was compared using lacz gene fusions. a beta-galactosidase assay indicated that the cry8e promoter showed the highest transcriptional activity. a novel escherichia coli-b. thuringiensis shuttle vector pht315-8e21b was constructed for cry gene expression using the cry8e promoter and the multiple cloning sites ... | 2014 | 24928660 |
| characterization of a new cry2ab gene of bacillus thuringiensis with high insecticidal activity against plutella xylostella l. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) strain fjat-12 was a novel bt strain isolated by agricultural bio-resources institute, fujian academy of agricultural science. in this study, a new cry2ab gene was cloned from bt strain fjat-12 and named as cry2ab30 by bt delta-endotoxin nomenclature committee. the sequencing results showed there were two mutations in conservative sites which led to two amino acids modification. homology modeling indicated that the two changes were located in β-sheet of domain ii. a p ... | 2014 | 24943249 |
| identification of multiple small heat-shock protein genes in plutella xylostella (l.) and their expression profiles in response to abiotic stresses. | we identify and characterize 14 small heat-shock protein (shsp) genes from the diamondback moth (dbm), plutella xylostella (l.), a destructive pest. phylogenetic analyses indicate that, except for shsp18.8 and shsp19.22, the other 12 dbm shsps belong to five known insect shsp groups. developmental expression analysis revealed that most shsps peaked in the pupal and adult stages. the transcripts of shsps display tissue specificity with two exhibiting constitutive expression in four tested tissues ... | 2014 | 24947609 |
| screening of liquid media and fermentation of an endophytic beauveria bassiana strain in a bioreactor. | a novel approach for biological control of insect pests could be the use of the endophytic entomopathogenic beauveria bassiana isolate atp-02. for the utilization of the endophyte as a commercial biocontrol agent, the fungus has to be mass-produced. b. bassiana was raised in shake flask cultures to produce high concentrations of total spores (ts), which include blastospores (bs) and submerged conidiospores (scs). the highest concentration of 1.33×10(9) ts/ml and the highest yield of 5.32×10(10) ... | 2014 | 24949278 |
| parasitism performance and fitness of cotesia vestalis (hymenoptera: braconidae) infected with nosema sp. (microsporidia: nosematidae): implications in integrated pest management strategy. | the diamondback moth (dbm) plutella xylostella (l.) has traditionally been managed using synthetic insecticides. however, the increasing resistance of dbm to insecticides offers an impetus to practice integrated pest management (ipm) strategies by exploiting its natural enemies such as pathogens, parasitoids, and predators. nevertheless, the interactions between pathogens and parasitoids and/or predators might affect the effectiveness of the parasitoids in regulating the host population. thus, t ... | 2014 | 24968125 |
| novel phthalamides containing sulfiliminyl moieties and derivatives as potential ryanodine receptor modulators. | to tackle the serious challenge of insect resistance and stricter environmental regulations, innovating a new eco-friendly insecticide is urgently required. a series of new phthalamides containing sulfiliminyl and sulfoximinyl moieties were designed and synthesized. in total, 30 new structures were characterized by 1h nmr spectra and hrms. the bioassay results indicated that some title compounds exhibited excellent insecticidal activities against oriental armyworm (pseudaletia separata walker) a ... | 2014 | 25026986 |
| screening of high toxic metarhizium strain against plutella xylostella and its marking with green fluorescent protein. | entomopathogenic fungus is proposed to be one of the best biocontrol agents against the destructive insect pest plutella xylostella. in this study, we tested the virulence of 11 metarhizium strain isolates against p. xylostella using a leaf dipping method, and found one strain, named 609, which had displayed the highest pathogenicity. bioassay results showed that the accumulated corrected mortality rate was 86.7 % on the eighth day after inoculation with a spore concentration 1 × 10(8) conidia/m ... | 2014 | 25037866 |
| molecular evolution of the odorant and gustatory receptor genes in lepidopteran insects: implications for their adaptation and speciation. | lepidoptera (comprised of butterflies and moths) is one of the largest groups of insects, including more than 160,000 described species. chemoreception plays important roles in the adaptation of these species to a wide range of niches, e.g., plant hosts, egg-laying sites, and mates. this study investigated the molecular evolution of the lepidopteran odorant (or) and gustatory receptor (gr) genes using recently identified genes from bombyx mori, danaus plexippus, heliconius melpomene, plutella xy ... | 2014 | 25038840 |
| retraction to: characterization of a novel cotesia vestalis polydnavirus (cvbv) gene containing a ser-rich motif expressed in plutella xylostella larvae. | 2014 | 25057517 | |
| point mutagenesis reveals that a coiled-coil motif of crv1 is required for entry to hemocytes to suppress cellular immune responses. | various immunosuppressive factors are derived from polydnaviruses (pdvs) mutually symbiotic to some ichneumonid and braconid wasps. crv1 was originally identified from a pdv called cotesia rubecula bracovirus. crv1 orthologs are reported in other cotesia-associated pdvs, but not clearly understood in their physiological functions. this study determined a function of crv1 encoded in cotesia plutellae bracovirus (cpbv). cpbv-crv1 is the largest molecule among the known crv1s and is predicted to po ... | 2014 | 25072922 |
| identification and characterisation of multiple glutathione s-transferase genes from the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella. | the diamondback moth (dbm), plutella xylostella, is one of the most harmful insect pests on crucifer crops worldwide. in this study, 19 cdnas encoding glutathione s-transferases (gsts) were identified from the genomic and transcriptomic database for dbm (konagabase) and further characterized. | 2015 | 25124192 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a sid-1-like gene in plutella xylostella. | rna interference (rnai) signal can spread from the point where the double-stranded rna (dsrna) was initially applied to other cells or tissues. sid-related genes in caenorhabditis elegans help in the spreading of this signal. however, the mechanisms of systemic rnai are still not unveiled in insects. in this study, we cloned a full-length cdna of sid-1-like gene, pxylsid-1, from plutella xylostella that contains 1,047 bp opening reading frame encoding a putative protein of 348 amino acids. this ... | 2014 | 25136969 |
| characterization of an insecticidal toxin and pathogenicity of pseudomonas taiwanensis against insects. | pseudomonas taiwanensis is a broad-host-range entomopathogenic bacterium that exhibits insecticidal activity toward agricultural pests plutella xylostella, spodoptera exigua, spodoptera litura, trichoplusia ni and drosophila melanogaster. oral infection with different concentrations (od = 0.5 to 2) of wild-type p. taiwanensis resulted in insect mortality rates that were not significantly different (92.7%, 96.4% and 94.5%). the tccc protein, a component of the toxin complex (tc), plays an essenti ... | 2014 | 25144637 |
| the correlation of the presence and expression levels of cry genes with the insecticidal activities against plutella xylostella for bacillus thuringiensis strains. | the use of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) strains with high insecticidal activity is essential for the preparation of bioinsecticide. in this study, for 60 bt strains isolated in taiwan, their genotypes and the correlation of some cry genes as well as the expression levels of cry1 genes, with their insecticidal activities against plutella xylostella, were investigated. pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) results revealed that the genotypes of these bt ... | 2014 | 25153253 |
| mosquitocidal carbamates with low toxicity to agricultural pests: an advantageous property for insecticide resistance management. | insecticide resistance in the malaria mosquito anopheles gambiae is well documented, and widespread agricultural use of pyrethroids may exacerbate development of resistance when pyrethroids are used in vector control. we have developed carbamate anticholinesterases that possess a high degree of an. gambiae:human selectivity for enzyme inhibition. the purpose of this study was to assess the spectrum of activity of these carbamates against other mosquitoes and agricultural pests. | 2014 | 25185896 |
| evaluation of etoxazole against insects and acari in vegetables in china. | etoxazole, 2-(2,6-difluorophenyl-4-[4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2-ethoxy-phenyl]-4,5-dihydrooxazole, an organofluorine chitin synthesis inhibitor, was assayed for its bioactivities against several major insect and acarus pests and compared to several other pesticides: two chitin synthesis inhibitors, hexaflumuron and chlorfluazuron; a pyrethroid, permethrin; an organophosphate, acephate; a carboximide, hexythiazox; and a tetrazine, clofentezine. the lc50 of etoxazole was calculated using probit analys ... | 2014 | 25199415 |
| stable bacillus thuringiensis transgene introgression from brassica napus to wild mustard b. juncea. | transgenic canola (brassica napus) with a bacillus thuringiensis cry1ac gene and a green fluorescent protein (gfp) marker gene was used in hybridization experiments with wild brassica juncea. hybrid f1 and successive five backcross generations were obtained. the pod-set frequency on backcrossed b. juncea plants was over 66%, which suggested relatively high crossing compatibility between the hybrids and wild species. the seed setting in bc1 was the least of all generations tested, and then increa ... | 2014 | 25219305 |
| the cumulative damage index method: a new method for evaluating the effectiveness of control measures for plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae). | all previously and currently used methods for effectiveness evaluation of control measures for the diamondback moth (dbm) do not simultaneously take the actual damage and population size into consideration. here, we propose a new method, the cumulative damage index method, in which the number of larvae and their amount of food consumption are simultaneously included in the calculation of the theoretical cumulative damage index (t) and actual cumulative damage index (a). evaluation was based on t ... | 2015 | 25298217 |
| the social biology of quorum sensing in a naturalistic host pathogen system. | many microorganisms cooperate by secreting products that are commonly available to neighboring cells. these "public goods" include autoinduced, quorum-sensing (qs) molecules and the virulence factors activated by these signals. public goods cooperation is exploitable by cheaters, cells that avoid the costs of production but gain an advantage by freeloading on the products of others. qs signals and responses can be cooperative under artificial laboratory conditions, but it remains unclear whether ... | 2014 | 25308072 |
| density-dependent interference of aphids with caterpillar-induced defenses in arabidopsis: involvement of phytohormones and transcription factors. | in nature, plants are exposed to attacks by multiple herbivore species at the same time. to cope with these attacks, plants regulate defenses with the production of hormones such as salicylic acid (sa) and jasmonic acid (ja). because herbivore densities are dynamic in time, this may affect plant-mediated interactions between different herbivores attacking at the same time. in arabidopsis thaliana, feeding by brevicoryne brassicae aphids interferes with induced defenses against plutella xylostell ... | 2015 | 25339349 |
| evaluation of etoxazole against insects and acari in vegetables in china. | etoxazole, 2-(2,6-difluorophenyl-4-[4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2-ethoxy-phenyl]-4,5-dihydrooxazole, an organofluorine chitin synthesis inhibitor, was assayed for its bioactivities against several major insect and acarus pests and compared to several other pesticides: two chitin synthesis inhibitors, hexaflumuron and chlorfluazuron; a pyrethroid, permethrin; an organophosphate, acephate; a carboximide, hexythiazox; and a tetrazine, clofentezine. the lc50 of etoxazole was calculated using probit analys ... | 2014 | 25373230 |
| novel mutations and mutation combinations of ryanodine receptor in a chlorantraniliprole resistant population of plutella xylostella (l.). | a previous study documented a glycine to glutamic acid mutation (g4946e) in ryanodine receptor (ryr) was highly correlated to diamide insecticide resistance in field populations of plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae). in this study, a field population collected in yunnan province, china, exhibited a 2128-fold resistance to chlorantraniliprole. sequence comparison between resistant and susceptible p. xylostella revealed three novel mutations including a glutamic acid to valine substitu ... | 2014 | 25377064 |
| molecular identification of two prophenoloxidase-activating proteases from the hemocytes of plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae) and their transcript abundance changes in response to microbial challenges. | the phenoloxidase (po) activation system plays an important role in insect innate immunity, particularly in wound healing and pathogen defense. a key member of this system is prophenoloxidase-activating protease (pap), which is the direct activator of prophenoloxidase (propo). despite their importance in the insect po activation system, content of studies is limited. in this article, we identify two complementary dnas (cdnas), pxpapa and pxpapb, encoding possible paps, from immunized larval hemo ... | 2014 | 25399433 |
| plutella xylostella (l.) infestations at varying temperatures induce the emission of specific volatile blends by arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. | the effect of combined abiotic and biotic factors on plant volatile organic compound (voc) emissions is poorly understood. this study evaluated the voc emissions produced by arabidopsis thaliana (l.) col-0 subjected to 3 temperature regimes (17, 22, and 27°c) in the presence and absence of plutella xylostella larvae over 2 time intervals (0-4 and 4-8 h), in comparison to control plants. the analyses of vocs emitted by arabidopsis plants were made by headspace solid phase microextraction (hs-spme ... | 2014 | 25482777 |
| associational susceptibility in broccoli: mediated by plant volatiles, impeded by ozone. | plant-emitted volatile organic compounds (vocs) mediate interactions within a plant community. typically, receiving a signal from a damaged neighbour enhances the defensive attributes of a receiver plant. the mechanisms underlying plant-plant interactions may be divided into active and passive processes, both of which involve transit of vocs between plants and are vulnerable to environmental perturbation. numerous studies have documented between-plant interactions, but the specific effects on a ... | 2015 | 25504925 |
| host selection behavior and the fecundity of plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae) on multiple host plants. | insect herbivores often have higher densities on host plants grown in monocultures than those in diverse environments. the underlying mechanisms are thought to be that polyphagous insects have difficulty in selecting food or oviposition sites when multiple host plants exist. however, this hypothesis needs to be extensively investigated. our field experiments revealed that the population of the diamondback moths, plutella xylostella (l.) (lepidoptera: plutellidae), significantly decreased in a mi ... | 2014 | 25527573 |
| the adh1 gene of the fungus metarhizium anisopliae is expressed during insect colonization and required for full virulence. | zymography of alcohol dehydrogenase (adh) activity in the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae grown under various conditions revealed that micro-aerobic growth was associated with increased adh activity. the major adh protein, adhip, was purified to homogeneity by affinity chromatography and has an estimated molecular weight of 41kda and an isoelectric point (pi) of 6.4. peptide mass fingerprint analysis allowed the identification and cloning of the gene that encodes this protein, adh ... | 2015 | 25534970 |
| plant defence responses in oilseed rape mineless plants after attack by the cabbage moth mamestra brassicae. | the brassicaceae family is characterized by a unique defence mechanism known as the 'glucosinolate-myrosinase' system. when insect herbivores attack plant tissues, glucosinolates are hydrolysed by the enzyme myrosinase (ec 3.2.1.147) into a variety of degradation products, which can deter further herbivory. this process has been described as 'the mustard oil bomb'. additionally, insect damage induces the production of glucosinolates, myrosinase, and other defences. brassica napus seeds have been ... | 2015 | 25563968 |
| the midgut cadherin-like gene is not associated with resistance to bacillus thuringiensis toxin cry1ac in plutella xylostella (l.). | the gram-positive bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt) produces cry toxins that have been used to control important agricultural pests. evolution of resistance in target pests threatens the effectiveness of these toxins when used either in sprayed biopesticides or in bt transgenic crops. although alterations of the midgut cadherin-like receptor can lead to bt cry toxin resistance in many insects, whether the cadherin gene is involved in cry1ac resistance of plutella xylostella (l.) remains uncl ... | 2015 | 25595643 |
| quantification of plant surface metabolites by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry imaging: glucosinolates on arabidopsis thaliana leaves. | the localization of metabolites on plant surfaces has been problematic because of the limitations of current methodologies. attempts to localize glucosinolates, the sulfur-rich defense compounds of the order brassicales, on leaf surfaces have given many contradictory results depending on the method employed. here we developed a matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization (maldi) mass spectrometry protocol to detect surface glucosinolates on arabidopsis thaliana leaves by applying the maldi matri ... | 2015 | 25600688 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a β-1,3-glucan recognition protein from plutella xylostella (l.). | the β-glucan recognition proteins (βgrps) play a significant role as important pattern recognition proteins (prps) for recognizing conserved surface determinants of pathogens and trigger complex signaling pathways in invertebrates. in the present study, a full-length cdna 1793bp encoding 479 amino acids and βgrp1 was obtained from plutella xylostella by reverse transcription pcr (rt-pcr) (designed as p×βgrp1) which showed significant similarities with other insect's βgrps. the transcription leve ... | 2015 | 25617616 |
| down-regulation of a novel abc transporter gene (pxwhite) is associated with cry1ac resistance in the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.). | biopesticides or transgenic crops based on cry toxins from the soil bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt) effectively control agricultural insect pests. the sustainable use of bt biopesticides and bt crops is threatened, however, by the development of cry resistance in the target pests. the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.), is the first pest that developed resistance to a bt biopesticide in the field, and a recent study has shown that the resistance of p. xylostella to cry1ac is caused ... | 2015 | 25636859 |
| the endoparasitoid, cotesia vestalis, regulates host physiology by reprogramming the neuropeptide transcriptional network. | endoparasitoids develop inside another insect by regulating host immunity and development via maternal factors injected into hosts during oviposition. prior results have provided insights into parasitism-induced immunosuppression, including the neuropeptide accumulation in parasitized insects. nonetheless, our understanding of neuropeptide influence on host development and behavior is not yet complete. we posed the hypothesis that parasitization alters expression of genes encoding pro-neuropepti ... | 2015 | 25640113 |
| evaluation of alternative plutella xylostella control by two isaria fumosorosea conidial formulations - oil-based formulation and wettable powder - combined with bacillus thuringiensis. | entomopathogenic fungi are potential candidates for controlling the diamondback moth plutella xylostella (l.) (lepidoptera: plutellidae). the control efficacy of two isaria fumosorosea conidial formulations - wettable powder and oil-based formulation - combined with bacillus thuringiensis against p. xylostella was tested. | 2015 | 25641869 |
| lack of fitness costs and inheritance of resistance to bacillus thuringiensis cry1ac toxin in a near-isogenic strain of plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae). | resistance to bacillus thuringiensis (bt) formulations in insects may be associated with fitness costs. a lack of costs enables resistance alleles to persist, which may contribute to the rapid development and spread of resistance in populations. | 2016 | 25684167 |
| trade-off between thermal tolerance and insecticide resistance in plutella xylostella. | fitness costs associated with resistance to insecticides have been well documented, usually at normal temperature conditions, in many insect species. in this study, using chlorpyrifos-resistant homozygote (rr) and chlorpyrifos-susceptible homozygote (ss) of resistance ace1 allele of plutella xylostella (dbm), we confirmed firstly that high temperature experience in pupal stage influenced phenotype of wing venation in insecticide-resistant and insecticide-susceptible plutella xylostella, and ss d ... | 2015 | 25691976 |
| high resistance of transgenic cabbage plants with a synthetic cry1ia8 gene from bacillus thuringiensis against two lepidopteran species under field conditions. | plutella xylostella (linnaeus) has become the most destructive pest in cabbage throughout the world. cry1ia8 cabbage has been developed to reduce pest attacks. to gain a better understanding of the efficacy of cry1ia8 cabbage, a homozygous cry1ia8 cabbage line a14-5 was produced, and its resistance to p. xylostella, pieris rapae (linnaeus) and other lepidopteran pests was evaluated in the field in 2011, 2012 and 2013. | 2016 | 25721816 |
| two adenine nucleotide translocase paralogues involved in cell proliferation and spermatogenesis in the silkworm bombyx mori. | mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocase (ant) specifically acts in adp/atp exchange through the mitochondrial inner membrane. this transporter protein thereby plays a significant role in energy metabolism in eukaryotic cells. most mammals have four paralogous ant genes (ant1-4) and utilize these paralogues in different types of cells. the fourth paralogue of ant (ant4) is present only in mammals and reptiles and is exclusively expressed in testicular germ cells where it is required for meio ... | 2015 | 25742135 |
| characterization and expression of the cytochrome p450 gene family in diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.). | cytochrome p450 monooxygenases are present in almost all organisms and can play vital roles in hormone regulation, metabolism of xenobiotics and in biosynthesis or inactivation of endogenous compounds. in the present study, a genome-wide approach was used to identify and analyze the p450 gene family of diamondback moth, plutella xylostella, a destructive worldwide pest of cruciferous crops. we identified 85 putative cytochrome p450 genes from the p. xylostella genome, including 84 functional gen ... | 2015 | 25752830 |
| quantitative trait loci mapping of partial resistance to diamondback moth in cabbage (brassica oleracea l). | the resistance to diamondback moth insect in cabbage is governed by many minor loci in quantitative nature, and at least four genetic loci should be incorporated in marker-assisted breeding program for developing partially resistant dbm cabbage cultivars. the diamondback moth (dbm), plutella xylostella (l.), is the most destructive insect infesting cruciferous plants worldwide. earlier studies have reported that the glossy leaves of cabbage are associated with resistance to this insect. however, ... | 2015 | 25805317 |
| superfamily of genes encoding g protein-coupled receptors in the diamondback moth plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae). | g protein-coupled receptors (gpcrs) are the largest and most versatile superfamily of cell membrane proteins, which mediate various physiological processes including reproduction, development and behaviour. the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae), is one of the most notorious insect pests, preferentially feeding on cruciferous plants. p. xylostella is not only one of the world's most widespread lepidopteran insects, but has also developed resistance to nearly all cla ... | 2015 | 25824261 |
| site-specific cassette exchange systems in the aedes aegypti mosquito and the plutella xylostella moth. | genetically engineered insects are being evaluated as potential tools to decrease the economic and public health burden of mosquitoes and agricultural pest insects. here we describe a new tool for the reliable and targeted genome manipulation of pest insects for research and field release using recombinase mediated cassette exchange (rmce) mechanisms. we successfully demonstrated the established φc31-rmce method in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, which is the first report of rmce in mo ... | 2015 | 25830287 |
| influences of cry1ac broccoli on larval survival and oviposition of diamondback moth. | larval survival and oviposition behavior of three genotypes of diamondback moth, plutella xylostella l. (lepidoptera: plutellidae), (homozygous cry1ac-susceptibile, cry1ac-resistant, and their f1 hybrids), on transgenic bacillus thuringiensis (bt) broccoli expressing different levels of cry1ac protein were evaluated in laboratory. these bt broccoli lines were designated as relative low, medium, and high, respectively, according to the cry1ac content. untransformed brocccoli plants were used as c ... | 2015 | 25843583 |
| mapk signaling pathway alters expression of midgut alp and abcc genes and causes resistance to bacillus thuringiensis cry1ac toxin in diamondback moth. | insecticidal crystal toxins derived from the soil bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt) are widely used as biopesticide sprays or expressed in transgenic crops to control insect pests. however, large-scale use of bt has led to field-evolved resistance in several lepidopteran pests. resistance to bt cry1ac toxin in the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.), was previously mapped to a multigenic resistance locus (btr-1). here, we assembled the 3.15 mb btr-1 locus and found high-level resistan ... | 2015 | 25875245 |
| characterization and expression profiling of glutathione s-transferases in the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.). | glutathione s-transferases (gsts) are multifunctional detoxification enzymes that play important roles in insects. the completion of several insect genome projects has enabled the identification and characterization of gst genes over recent years. this study presents a genome-wide investigation of the diamondback moth (dbm), plutella xylostella, a species in which the gsts are of special importance because this pest is highly resistant to many insecticides. | 2015 | 25887517 |
| bacterial cooperation causes systematic errors in pathogen risk assessment due to the failure of the independent action hypothesis. | the independent action hypothesis (iah) states that pathogenic individuals (cells, spores, virus particles etc.) behave independently of each other, so that each has an independent probability of causing systemic infection or death. the iah is not just of basic scientific interest; it forms the basis of our current estimates of infectious disease risk in humans. despite the important role of the iah in managing disease interventions for food and water-borne pathogens, experimental support for th ... | 2015 | 25909384 |
| genome-wide characterization and expression profiling of immune genes in the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.). | the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.), is a destructive pest that attacks cruciferous crops worldwide. immune responses are important for interactions between insects and pathogens and information on these underpins the development of strategies for biocontrol-based pest management. little, however, is known about immune genes and their regulation patterns in p. xylostella. a total of 149 immune-related genes in 20 gene families were identified through comparison of p. xylostella genome ... | 2015 | 25943446 |
| bacteria abundance and diversity of different life stages of plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae), revealed by bacteria culture-dependent and pcr-dgge methods. | microbial abundance and diversity of different life stages (fourth instar larvae, pupae and adults) of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella l., collected from field and reared in laboratory, were investigated using bacteria culture-dependent method and pcr-dgge analysis based on the sequence of bacteria 16s rrna v3 region gene. a large quantity of bacteria was found in all life stages of p. xylostella. field population had higher quantity of bacteria than laboratory population, and larval g ... | 2015 | 26013400 |
| utilizing associational resistance for biocontrol: impacted by temperature, supported by indirect defence. | associational herbivore resistance is potentiated by neighbouring heterogenic plant species that impact a focal plant's attraction to herbivores or the damage that they cause. one mechanism to confer associational resistance is believed to be exposure to neighbour-emitted volatiles, the receivers of which range from intra- and interspecific neighbour plants to higher-trophic-level insects. in previous studies the passive adsorption of neighbour-emitted semivolatiles has been reported, but little ... | 2015 | 26022675 |
| the effects of the presence of bt-transgenic oilseed rape in wild mustard populations on the rhizosphere nematode and microbial communities. | the adventitious presence of transgenic crops in wild plant populations is of ecological and regulatory concern. in this context, their effects on non-target, below-ground organisms are not well understood. here, we introduced, at various frequencies, bt-transgenic oilseed rape (osr, brassica napus) into wild mustard (brassica juncea) populations in the presence and absence of the target herbivore (plutella xylostella). the impacts on soil nematode and microbial communities were assessed in this ... | 2015 | 26047860 |
| cry proteins from bacillus thuringiensis active against diamondback moth and fall armyworm. | biopesticides based on bacillus thuringiensis and genetically modified plants with genes from this bacterium have been used to control plutella xylostella (l.) and spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith). however, the selection pressure imposed by these technologies may undermine the efficiency of this important alternative to synthetic insecticides. toxins with different modes of action allow a satisfactory control of these insects. the purpose of this study was to characterize the protein and gene ... | 2015 | 26070631 |
| sub-lethal effects of vip3a toxin on survival, development and fecundity of heliothis virescens and plutella xylostella. | the assessment of sub-lethal effects is important to interpret the overall insecticide efficacy in controlling insect pest populations. in addition to the lethal effect, sub-lethal effects may also occur in exposed insects. vegetative insecticidal proteins (vips) have shown a broad spectrum of insecticidal activity against many insect pest species. in this study the sub-lethal effects of the bacillus thuringiensis vegetative insecticidal toxin vip3a on the development and reproduction of helioth ... | 2015 | 26162322 |
| identification and antifeedant activities of limonoids from azadirachta indica. | four new limonoids, azadiraindins a-d (1-4, resp.), together with seven known analogs, were isolated from the meoh extract of azadirachta indica. the structures of 1-4 were elucidated by nmr and ms spectroscopic analyses, and the relative configuration of 1 was determined by single-crystal x-ray crystallography. the compounds isolated in comparatively large amount were evaluated for their antifeedant activities against plutella xylostella; the antifeedant rate of 10 was 90.6% and the corrected m ... | 2015 | 26172324 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of gloverin from the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella l. and its interaction with bacterial membrane. | gloverin restricted to lepidoptera is known to be a glycine-rich and heat stable antimicrobial protein. the current research reports a 650 bp full-length cdna encoding gloverin from plutella xylostella (pxglo) by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and rapid amplification of cdna ends. pxglo transcript was detected in both developmental stages and several tissues of 4th instar naïve larvae of p. xylostella with higher levels in the fat bodies. the mrna levels of pxglo increased appre ... | 2015 | 26178746 |
| pest control and resistance management through release of insects carrying a male-selecting transgene. | development and evaluation of new insect pest management tools is critical for overcoming over-reliance upon, and growing resistance to, synthetic, biological and plant-expressed insecticides. for transgenic crops expressing insecticidal proteins from the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis ('bt crops') emergence of resistance is slowed by maintaining a proportion of the crop as non-bt varieties, which produce pest insects unselected for resistance. while this strategy has been largely successful, ... | 2015 | 26179401 |
| characterization and biotoxicity of hypnea musciformis-synthesized silver nanoparticles as potential eco-friendly control tool against aedes aegypti and plutella xylostella. | two of the most important challenges facing humanity in the 21st century comprise food production and disease control. eco-friendly control tools against mosquito vectors and agricultural pests are urgently needed. insecticidal products of marine origin have a huge potential to control these pests. in this research, we reported a single-step method to synthesize silver nanoparticles (agnp) using the aqueous leaf extract of the seaweed hypnea musciformis, a cheap, nontoxic and eco-friendly materi ... | 2015 | 26184431 |
| purification of the insecticidal cry2ad protein from a bt-isolated brc-hzp10 strain and toxin assay to the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.). | the present study aims to characterize the cry2ad toxin protein isolated from a bacillus thuringiensis strain, brc-hzp10, which have a potential insecticidal activity against larvae of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.). the crude bt toxin proteins were isolated and purified by cation exchange chromatography, then equilibrated with 0.2 m naoh buffer, ph 4.0, followed by ultraviolet detection at 280 nm and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. a refined cry2ad tox ... | 2015 | 26214446 |
| synthesis and biological activity evaluation of novel α-amino phosphonate derivatives containing a pyrimidinyl moiety as potential herbicidal agents. | to find novel high-activity and low-toxicity herbicide lead compounds with novel herbicidal mode of action, series of novel α-amino phosphonate derivatives containing a pyrimidinyl moiety, i, ii, iii, and iv, were designed and synthesized by lewis acid (magnesium perchlorate) catalyzed mannich-type reaction of aldehydes, amines, and phosphites. their structures were clearly identified by spectroscopy data (ir, (1)h nmr, (31)p nmr, ei-ms) and elemental analyses. the bioassay [in vitro, in vivo (g ... | 2015 | 26222653 |
| generation-based life table analysis reveals manifold effects of inbreeding on the population fitness in plutella xylostella. | understanding how inbreeding affects fitness is biologically important for conservation and pest management. despite being a worldwide pest of many economically important cruciferous crops, the influence of inbreeding on diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.), populations is currently unknown. using age-stage-specific life tables, we quantified the inbreeding effects on fitness-related traits and demographic parameters of p. xylostella. egg hatching rate, survival and fecundity of the inbred ... | 2015 | 26227337 |
| chemical composition and insecticidal activities of essential oils against diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.) (lepidoptera: yponomeutidae). | five himalayan plants namely, acorus calamus, cedrus deodara, aegle marmelos, tagetes minuta and murraya koenigii were used for the extraction of essential oils through hydrodistillation and the major volatile constituents as identified by gc and gc-ms techniques were β-asarone (91.1%), β-himachalene (45.8%), limonene (59.5%), z-ocimene (37.9%) and α-pinene (54.2%), respectively. essential oils were tested for their insecticidal properties against larvae of diamondback moth, plutella xylostella ... | 2016 | 26264423 |
| interactions between bt-bioinsecticides and podisus nigrispinus (dallas) (hemiptera: pentatomidae), a predator of plutella xylostella (l.) (lepidoptera: plutellidae). | bioinsecticides are being increasingly used to protect vegetable crops against herbivores, but data on the side effects of such strategy on the third trophic level are still required. we investigated the influence of the bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki hd-1 strain and of the commercial bioinsecticide agree® on the biological aspects of the predator podisus nigrispinus (dallas) (hemiptera: pentatomidae) when feeding on plutella xylostella (l.) (lepidoptera: plutellidae)-infected larvae. on ... | 2015 | 26277793 |
| a single type of cadherin is involved in bacillus thuringiensis toxicity in plutella xylostella. | cadherins have been described as one the main functional receptors for the toxins of the entomopathogenic bacterium, bacillus thuringiensis (bt). with the availability of the whole genome of plutella xylostella, different types of cadherins have been annotated. in this study we focused on determining those members of the cadherin-related proteins that potentially play a role in the mode of action of bt toxins. for this, we mined the genome of p. xylostella to identify these putative cadherins. t ... | 2015 | 26331576 |
| identification and genome organization of saponin pathway genes from a wild crucifer, and their use for transient production of saponins in nicotiana benthamiana. | the ability to evolve novel metabolites has been instrumental for the defence of plants against antagonists. a few species in the barbarea genus are the only crucifers known to produce saponins, some of which make plants resistant to specialist herbivores, like plutella xylostella, the diamondback moth. genetic mapping in barbarea vulgaris revealed that genes for saponin biosynthesis are not clustered but are located in different linkage groups. using co-location with quantitative trait loci (qt ... | 2015 | 26333142 |
| the novel abc transporter abch1 is a potential target for rnai-based insect pest control and resistance management. | insect pests cause serious crop damage and develop high-level resistance to chemical insecticides and bacillus thuringiensis (bt) insecticidal cry toxins. a new promising approach for controlling them and overcoming this resistance is rna interference (rnai). the rnai-based insect control strategy depends on the selection of suitable target genes. in this study, we cloned and characterized a novel abc transporter gene pxabch1 in diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.). phylogenetic analysis s ... | 2015 | 26333918 |