Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| [comparative serological studies of south german field isolates of hen infectious bronchitis virus and dutch variant strains d207, d3128 and d3896 in tracheal cultures]. | 1983 | 6196022 | |
| survey of respiratory diseases among chicken flocks in japan for avian infectious bronchitis by the neutralization test with embryo-adapted beaudette strain. | 1983 | 6200635 | |
| use of monoclonal antibodies to assess antigenic relationships of avian infectious bronchitis virus serotypes in the united states. | 1984 | 6204515 | |
| serological comparison and antigenic relationships of seven serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus using the hemagglutination-inhibition test. | the antigenic relationships, antigenic spectrum, and immunogenicity of seven isolates of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were examined using the hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) test. because there was a discontinuity of antigenic relationships and a high degree of cross-reactivity among serotypes of ibv in cross-hemagglutination-inhibition tests, the range of antigenic spectrum used to group the serotypes with the hi test should be wider than the limits suggested by the plaque-reduction test. ... | 1984 | 6204631 |
| determination of the antigenic relationships within the massachusetts (m41) type of infectious bronchitis virus using the hemagglutination-inhibition test. | the antigenic relationships, antigenic spectrum, and immunogenicity of seven ibv-massachusetts-41 isolates were investigated using the hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) test. hi titers equal to 32 are considered suspicious, titers lower than 32 are considered negative, and titers higher than 32 are considered positive immune responses to infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). some isolates of massachusetts-41 ( m41 ) were capable of inducing large quantities of antibodies in chickens following inocul ... | 1984 | 6204632 |
| immunomodulatory activity of isoprinosine on experimental viral infections in avian models. | the immunomodulatory activity of isoprinosine treatments have been experimentally verified on chicken infected by three different viruses: newcastle disease, fowl plague and avian infectious bronchitis. in protection tests, positive variations in the mean day of death rather than in the mortality rate were found depending on the modality of treatment. a stimulatory influence on primary anti-newcastle disease virus antibody response was observed. in the avian model the isoprinosine antiviral effe ... | 1984 | 6207123 |
| muscle protein synthesis and growth of two strains of chicks vaccinated for newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis. | rates of in vitro protein synthesis were monitored during an 8-week period in male broilers and leghorns. the birds received vaccinations during weeks 2 and 5 posthatching for newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis by the administration of a standard dose of the mixed vaccine in the drinking water. both types of birds exhibited a marked decline in the rate of protein synthesis during each week after vaccination. the decline in ribonucleic acid (rna) and deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) levels we ... | 1984 | 6207519 |
| rapid serotyping of infectious bronchitis virus isolates with the hemagglutination-inhibition test. | the hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) test was evaluated as a method of typing recent suspect infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) isolates. hemagglutination (ha) antigen was prepared from each isolate by phospholipase c treatment of virus concentrated from allanto-amniotic fluids of infected chicken embryos. an hi test was run with the ha antigen of each isolate against a battery of 17 antisera that had been prepared against different ibv strains classified by virus neutralization (vn). the hi test ... | 1984 | 6207809 |
| egg production in relation to the results of a long term serological survey of 73 flocks of fowl. | seventy-three flocks of fowl were tested at regular intervals for the presence of precipitins to fowl adenovirus (av) and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), haemaggluinating inhibiting antibodies to bc in 14 virus, and of agglutinins to mycoplasma gallisepticum (m.g.) and mycoplasma synoviae (m.s.). in all the eight flocks affected with egg drop syndrome (eds '76), egg production problems were associated with increasing numbers of bc14 virus reactors and av reactors. in flocks showing production ... | 1980 | 6243424 |
| avian infectious bronchitis virus structural polypeptides: effect of different conditions of disruption and comparison of different strains and isolates. | variations in the conditions used for disruption of purified virus involving differences in heat treatment and reducing agent concentration produced little affect on the polypeptide profiles of the massachusetts 41 (m 41) strain of avian infectious bronchitis virus obtained by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. comparisons of the structural polypeptides of 12 ibv isolates, consiting of m 41, six serologically related viruses and representatives of five other serotypes, showed that the viruses c ... | 1980 | 6243925 |
| two particle types of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | two distinct types of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) particles were isolated on sucrose density gradients. the higher density particles banded at 1.18 g/ml, had typical coronavirus morphology and contained all the structural polypeptides and a complete genome. the less dense particles of density 1.13 g/ml appeared to have typical coronavirus morphology, although they were much more flattened than the more dense particles. furthermore, these particles lacked the ribonucleoprotein polypep ... | 1980 | 6245175 |
| protection of laying hens against infectious bronchitis with inactivated emulsion vaccines. | commercially-reared laying chickens were challenged at 31 weeks of age with a virulent infectious bronchitis (ib) virus. they showed a sharp drop in egg production, despite having been vaccinated at four and eight weeks old with live attenuated ib vaccines to a recommended schedule. in contrast, similar birds that had been further immunised at point-of-lay with inactivated oil emulsion ib vaccine, or with a combined ib/newcastle disease (nd) emulsion vaccine, showed no detectable fall in egg pro ... | 1980 | 6246669 |
| the polypeptides of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv-41 strain). | the massachusetts strain of avian infectious bronchitis virus was purified from embryonated hens' eggs. four major species of apparent mol. wt. 90 000, 52 000, 29 000 and 26 000 were resolved by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. omission of reducing agent failed to resolve the 29 000 mol. wt. component. labelling of acrylamide gels with 125i-concanavalin a indicated that polypeptides of mol. wt. 90 000, 29 000 and 26 000 were glycosylated and, in the absence of reducing agent, that the 29 ... | 1980 | 6247427 |
| the polypeptide composition of isolated surface projections of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | disruption of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) particles with 4% triton x-100 and 1.0 m-kcl and centrifugation through a sucrose gradient containing 0.1% triton x-100 and 1.0 m-kcl enabled separation of the petal-shaped surface projections. by negative-contrast electron microscopy the separated projections appeared mainly as rosettes containing 3 to 12 projections radiating from a central core, although single projections and rosettes containing up to 16 projections were seen. sds-page of ... | 1980 | 6247435 |
| coronavirus multiplication strategy. i. identification and characterization of virus-specified rna. | we examined the synthesis of intracellular rna in primary chicken embryo kidney cells infected with the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. infected cells were labeled with (32)p(i) in the presence of actinomycin d for the duration of the viral multiplication cycle, and nucleic acids were extracted, denatured, and analyzed on agarose slab gels. six major rna species were found. none of these rnas was found in extracts of mock-infected cells. all six of the virus-specified rnas (design ... | 1980 | 6247505 |
| [protective medium for the lyophilization of the infectious bronchitis virus of hens]. | 1980 | 6249020 | |
| cell mediated and humoral immune response in chickens infected with avian infectious bronchitis. | 1980 | 6250665 | |
| influence of residual moisture and sealing atmosphere on viability of two freeze-dried viral vaccines. | this study demonstrated the complexity of the factors leading to changes in the infectivity titers of freeze-dried canine distemper and poultry infectious bronchitis viral vaccines. the change in moisture content during the storage period was an additional parameter which may influence the infectivity titer. the results emphasized the difficulty of predetermining variations in infectivity titers from the initial residual moisture. the analysis of the variations in infectivity titers during the s ... | 1980 | 6252243 |
| coronavirus multiplication strategy. ii. mapping the avian infectious bronchitis virus intracellular rna species to the genome. | avian infectious bronchitis virus, a coronavirus, directed the synthesis of six major single-stranded polyadenylated rna species in infected chicken embryo kidney cells. these rnas include the intracellular form of the genome (rna f) and five smaller rna species (rnas a, b, c, d, and e). species a, b, c, and d are subgenomic rnas and together with the genome form a nested sequence set, with the sequences of each rna contained within every larger rna species (d. f. stern and s. i. t. kennedy, j. ... | 1980 | 6253669 |
| performance of 3 successive generations of specified-pathogenfree chickens maintained as a closed flock. | no antibodies against salmonella pullorum, mycoplasma gallisepticum, mycoplasma synoviae, haemophilus gallinarum, fowl pox virus, marek's disease virus, herpes virus of turkey, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, avian adenovirus, avian reovirus, infectious bursal disease virus, reticuloendotheliosis virus, avian leukosis virus, avian encephalomyelitis virus and newcastle disease virus were detectable in the sera obtained from these chickens in 3 generations at various ages. antibodies against i ... | 1980 | 6253742 |
| freeze-dried infectious bronchitis haemagglutinating antigen. | 1980 | 6254230 | |
| avian infectious bronchitis in specific-pathogen-free chickens: quantitation of serum immunoglobulins by electroimmunoassay. | immunoglobulin (ig) levels in serums of individual 6-week-old specific-pathogen-free (spf) chickens differed markedly. quantitation by electroimmunoassay showed that the igg level was quite low at 6 weeks of age (1.3 +/- 0.67 mg/ml), increased gradually with maturity, and by 16-18 weeks of age was 2.6 +/- 1.5 mg/ml. igm levels were less variable during the same observation period (6-18 weeks, 2.4 +/- 0.50 to 2.2 +/- 0.86 mg/ml). iga was high initially and decreased with age (6-18 weeks, 0.74 +/- ... | 1980 | 6254487 |
| infectious bronchitis agar-gel precipitin test--use of infected allantoic fluid as antigen. | the use of infected allantoic fluid (af) as precipitating infectious bronchitis (ib) antigen was investigated. the results show that unconcentrated af harvested at the right time can be a very satisfactory precipitating ib antigen. with the majority of the virus strains used, unconcentrated af, harvested 68 hours postinoculation (pi), showed more precipitating activity than that harvested at 20 or 120 hours pi. if further antigen concentration is required, dialysis with polyethyleneglycol mw 20, ... | 1980 | 6254493 |
| isolation of infectious bronchitis, infectious bursal disease and avian adenoviruses from chickens with nephritis-nephrosis syndrome. | 1980 | 6255706 | |
| immune responses of chickens to ib vaccines. | 1981 | 6261436 | |
| survival of viruses in fermented edible waste material. | the survival of selected viruses in fermented edible waste material was studied to determine the feasibility of using this material as a livestock feed ingredient. seven viruses, including pseudorabies, newcastle disease, infectious canine hepatitis, avian infectious bronchitis, measles, vesicular stomatitis, and a porcine picornavirus were inoculated into a mixture of ground food waste (collected from a school lung program) containing lactobacillus acidophilus. mixtures were incubated at 5 c, 1 ... | 1981 | 6261622 |
| the disruption of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv-41 strain) with triton x-100 detergent. | 1980 | 6262334 | |
| australian infectious bronchitis viruses: plaque formation and assay methods. | 1981 | 6264555 | |
| australian infectious bronchitis viruses: identification of nine subtypes by a neutralisation test. | the antigenic relationships between 17 australian infectious bronchitis viruses, including six vaccine viruses, were studied by a neutralisation test using a plaque reduction method in chick embryo kidney cell monolayers. the 17 viruses formed nine distinct subtypes. antiserum to each subtype had a high titre to viruses of the same subtype and a lower titre to viruses of different subtypes. the heterologous titres of sera varied widely. | 1981 | 6264556 |
| oligonucleotide fingerprinting of ribonucleic acids of infectious bronchitis virus strains. | a total of 11 distinct oligonucleotide fingerprints were obtained in studies of the ribonucleic acids of 13 isolates of infectious bronchitis virus. different serotypes had distinct fingerprints, but so did varieties within a serotype, allowing a greater degree of strain differentiation than was previously possible. some conclusions can be drawn from the fingerprints concerning theories of origin and spread of infectious bronchitis virus. | 1981 | 6265376 |
| immune responses of breeding chickens to trivalent oil emulsion vaccines: responses to newcastle disease and infectious bursal disease. | bivalent newcastle disease (nd)/infectious bursal disease (ibd) and trivalent nd/ibd/infectious bronchitis (ib) inactivated oil emulsion vaccines were prepared in the laboratory and evaluated under field conditions. broiler breeder parent chickens previously vaccinated with live vaccines were inoculated with commercial monovalent nd and experimental bivalent or trivalent oil emulsion vaccines. the commercial vaccine induced a higher initial nd haemagglutination inhibition (hi) response than the ... | 1981 | 6266123 |
| immune responses of breeding chickens to trivalent oil emulsion vaccines: responses to infectious bronchitis. | three similar flocks of broiler breeder parent chickens that had been given live infections bronchitis (ib) vaccines during rearing were injected at 20 weeks of age with three different oil emulsion vaccines: a commercial monovalent newcastle disease (nd) vaccine (flock a); an experimental bivalent vaccine containing nd and infectious bursal disease (ibd) components (flock b); and an experimental trivalent vaccine containing nd, ibd and ib components (flock c). one week after vaccination 40 hens ... | 1981 | 6266125 |
| local antibody response in avian infectious bronchitis: virus-neutralizing antibody in tracheobronchial secretions. | specific-pathogen-free chickens were tested for local antibody response after respiratory exposure to live avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). tracheobronchial secretions were obtained after intraocular-intratracheal vaccinations with holland and massachusetts 41 strains ibv. low levels of immunoglobulin (ig)a and igg virus-neutralizing antibodies were detected in secretions after each of two vaccinations with a moderate dose (10(4) eid50), neutralizing activity in secretions was found main ... | 1981 | 6266389 |
| inner structures of some coronaviruses. | when treated with formaldehyde, tween 80, sodium oleate and nonidet p-40, avian infectious bronchitis virus, porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus, neonatal calf diarrhea coronavirus, porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus as well as the human coronavirus show similar inner structures by negative staining. the first one is an inner membranous bag. this structure could be evaginated following treatments used and does not show the characteristic projections of coronaviruses. subseq ... | 1981 | 6266623 |
| pathogenicity of two strains of mycoplasma gallisepticum in broilers. | strains f and r of mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) were compared in two laboratory trials for their relative pathogenicity in terms of inducing airsacculitis and antibody production to mg. chickens exposed to the r strain had significantly higher incidence of air-sac lesions (p less than 0.05) and greater severity of airsacculitis than did chicks exposed to the f strain. in both trials, chickens vaccinated simultaneously with newcastle disease-infectious bronchitis vaccine and exposed to mg had mo ... | 1980 | 6268040 |
| comparison of a tissue-culture virus-neutralization test and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for measurement of antibodies t infectious bronchitis. | two serological tests, the virus-neutralization (vn) test in tissue culture using a tissue-cell-adapted virus and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), were compared to detect antibodies against massachusetts 41 and connecticut 46 strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). the vn test was conducted in wells of microplates by the usual procedure. the two strains of ibv were adapted after 20 serial passages to induce cpe in 24 hours in chickens embryos kidney cells (cekc). the elisa te ... | 1981 | 6268048 |
| pathology of experimental nephrosis-nephritis in chicks induced by infectious bronchitis virus. | 1981 | 6268535 | |
| structural proteins and glycoproteins of infectious bronchitis virus particles labeled during growth in chick embryo cells. | seven australian infectious bronchitis viruses incorporated radioactive amino acid label during growth in two types of cell culture. from purified virions, four major polypeptides of molecular weights 91,000 (gp91), 51,000 (vp51), 25,000 (gp25) and 23,000 (vp23) were separated by page. two minor polypeptides of molecular weights 210,000 (gp210) and 185,000 (gp185) were also identified. 3h-glucosamine was incorporated during growth of virus into gp210, gp185, gp91 and gp25. bromelain digestion of ... | 1981 | 6268567 |
| ribonucleoprotein of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the ribonucleoprotein (rnp) of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was examined by electron microscopy after shadowing with carbon/platinum. linear rnp strands up to 6.7 microns in length, from three ivb strains, were sensitive to both pancreatic rnase and to proteases. these strands were obtained from spontaneously disrupted complete particles but not from disrupted incomplete particles that lacked rnp. they were also released from nonidet p40-disrupted particles and could be isolated on su ... | 1981 | 6268741 |
| structural polypeptides of coronavirus ibv. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was grown and radiolabelled with 35s-methionine, 3h-leucine and 3h-glucosamine in de-embryonated chicken eggs. approximately 12 different polypeptides were clearly detected by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of virus preparations. growth of ibv in chorioallantoic membrane cells labelled with 35s-methionine indicated that most of these polypeptides, and additional ones, some of which were glycosylated, were host components. five polypeptides appeared ... | 1981 | 6268743 |
| polypeptides of infectious bronchitis virus. i. polypeptides of the virion. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), strain beaudette, grown in cultured cells contained five structural proteins with apparent mol. wt. of 170 000 (p170), 94 000 (gp94), 50 000 (pp50) 30 000 (gp30) and 26 000 (p26). both gp94 and gp30 are glycopeptides since they were labelled with [3h]glucosamine. the only phosphorylated polypeptide was pp50, and both it and gp94 were occasionally resolved into two bands. two other polypeptides with mol. wt. of 28 000 (p28) and 14 000 (p14) were sometimes associ ... | 1981 | 6271900 |
| influence of temperature of incubation on chicken embryo tracheal organ cultures and chick embryos infected with strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the ciliostatic and embryo lethal effect of four strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were observed at two different incubation temperatures. in organ cultures, nephrosis-producing ibv strains (gn-2 and m-41) were slightly more ciliostatic and respiratory strains (beaudette and kita-1/tokushima) less ciliostatic at 40.5 degrees c than at 37 degrees c. mortality of chicken embryos infected with the gn-2, m-41 and kita-1/tokushima strains was greater at 40.5 degrees c than at 37 degr ... | 1981 | 6273983 |
| cross-immunity in chickens using seven isolates of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | groups of 75 chickens were each infected with one of 7 isolates of infectious bronchitis virus (mass 41, holland 52, se 17, ark 99, clark 333, jmk, and florida). following recovery, they were challenged along with susceptible controls to the homologous and 6 heterologous isolates. cross-immunity was determined by virus recovery 4 or 5 days post-challenge. challenge with the homologous isolate resulted in 90-100% protection. challenge with heterologous isolates gave variable results and an overa ... | 1981 | 6274293 |
| serologic and cross-protection studies with several infectious bronchitis virus isolates from delmarva-reared broiler chickens. | five isolates, from broiler-type chickens, capable of causing acute respiratory disease were identified as infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). the agar-gel precipitin (agp) test was effective in identifying the isolates as ibv. virus-neutralization (vn) and cross-challenge tests indicated two of the isolates to be massachusetts types and one to be a jmk type. the remaining isolates were different from strains normally encountered in chickens reared on the delmarva peninsula. one isolate, although ... | 1981 | 6274294 |
| detection and quantification of antibodies to infectious bronchitis virus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for detecting and quantifying antibodies to infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is described. purified antigen, prepared on sucrose density gradients, was required to decrease the nonspecific background, and saline was found to be superior to bicarbonate buffer for coating the cuvettes with antigen. the sensitivity of the test in measuring antiserum titers could be altered greatly and linearly by adjusting the protein content of the antigen. the elisa w ... | 1981 | 6274297 |
| effectiveness of maternal antibody against challenge with infectious bronchitis viruses. | 1981 | 6274299 | |
| cell mediated and humoral immune response of chickens to live infectious bronchitis vaccines. | a lymphocyte transformation microassay was used to study cell-mediated immune (cmi) responses in chickens following inoculation with live infectious bronchitis virus vaccines h 120 and h 52 and challenge with massachusetts-41 (m-41). humoral immunity was monitored for comparison, using haemagglutination inhibition (hi) microassay. specific stimulation of infectious bronchitis virus sensitised lymphocytes was demonstrated by their lack of response to mycoplasma synoviae and newcastle disease viru ... | 1981 | 6275477 |
| plaque formation by avian infectious bronchitis virus in primary chick embryo fibroblast cells in the presence of trypsin. | ten strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were titrated as plaque-forming units in primary chick embryo fibroblast cells. in the absence of trypsin, plaques were only formed by beaudette-42 and iowa-609 strains. when trypsin was incorporated in the overlay medium of cell monolayers, all the ibv strains tested produced plaques within 4 days after inoculation. incorporation of 20-40 microgram of trypsin per ml of the overlay medium seemed to be suitable for plaque formation of ibv. a ... | 1981 | 6275820 |
| oligonucleotide fingerprinting of the rna of different strains of infectious bronchitis virus. | 11 distinct oligonucleotide fingerprints were obtained in studies of the rna of 13 isolates of ibv. different serotypes had distinct fingerprints, but so did varieties within a serotype; allowing a greater degree of strain differentiation than was previously possible. some conclusions can be drawn from the fingerprints concerning theories of origin and spread of ibv. | 1981 | 6278877 |
| the avian coronavirus multiplication strategy. | 1981 | 6278881 | |
| diagnosis of infectious bronchitis (ib) by examination of tracheal mucus for ib-precipitating antigens. | the use of tracheal exudates for detecting precipitating infectious bronchitis (ib) antigen by the agar-gel precipitin (agp) technique is described. of 47 experimentally infected tracheas, 24 gave positive precipitin lines between the second and 12th day postinfection; 9 out of 18 tracheas from birds from natural outbreaks of ib were also positive. tests can be read within 18-24 hr. for best results, several antisera or an antiserum at various concentrations should be used. | 1981 | 6279064 |
| use of a constant-virus diluting-serum microneutralization technique for the detection and quantification of infectious bronchitis virus antibodies. | a constant-virus diluting-serum microneutralization test (cvmnt) for avian infectious bronchits virus (ibv) was evaluated for both reliability and repeatability. the virus used in the assay was a chick kidney (ck) cell-adapted strain, the beaudette strain (ibv 42). sera tested were from 24-week-old broiler-breeder chickens that had been vaccinated 3 times from a combination vaccine of newcastle disease virus (ndv) and ibv. test results were not repeatable or comparable when the same sera were te ... | 1981 | 6279070 |
| effects of three avian respiratory viruses on pathogenicity in tracheal organ cultures. | 1981 | 6279947 | |
| [standardization of an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for demonstration of antibodies to chicken bronchitis virus]. | 1981 | 6282010 | |
| the pathogenesis of nephritis in chickens induced by infectious bronchitis virus. | 1982 | 6282945 | |
| structural analysis of virion proteins of the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | we have found six major polypeptides in virions of the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus grown in tissue culture: four glycoproteins, gp84, gp36, gp31, and gp28, and two non-glycosylated proteins, p51 and p23. in addition, we detected three minor species: two glycoproteins, gp90 and gp59, and one non-glycosylated protein, p14. two-dimensional tryptic peptide mapping showed that gp36, gp31, gp28, and p23 comprise a group of closely related proteins which we have designated the "p23 fa ... | 1982 | 6283141 |
| synthesis of coronavirus mrnas: kinetics of inactivation of infectious bronchitis virus rna synthesis by uv light. | infection of cells with the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus results in the synthesis of five major subgenomic rnas. these rnas and the viral genome form a 3' coterminal nested set. we found that the rates of inactivation of synthesis of the rnas by uv light were different and increased with the length of the transcript. these results show that each rna is transcribed from a unique promoter and that extensive processing of the primary transcripts probably does not occur. | 1982 | 6283182 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to infectious bronchitis virus. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for antibodies to avian infectious bronchitis (ib) virus is described. the immune response of chickens following vaccination with ib virus was monitored using this test, and the titers were compared with those obtained by serum neutralization. the elisa appears to be suitable for ib serology. | 1982 | 6284110 |
| the immune response of the chick following viral vaccinations and immunization with sheep red blood cells. | the effects of viral vaccinations and immunization with sheep red blood cells (srbc) on the humoral response of pullets were investigated. pullets were vaccinated with marek's disease virus, newcastle disease virus (ndv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), and infectious bursal disease virus at appropriate ages used in commercial practice. at seven weeks, the pullets were intramuscularly immunized with srbc. ndv and ibv antibodies were detected by hemagglutination-inhibition tests. hemagglutinat ... | 1982 | 6284114 |
| types of avian infectious bronchitis strains isolated in quebec. | between 1976 and 1980, 24 isolates of infectious bronchitis virus were obtained from quebec flocks. the serological classification of these isolates was demonstrated by cross neutralization tests using antisera to 13 different reference virus strains. of the 24 isolates, ten were identified as connecticut, six holland and one se-17 types. seven strains did not react with any of the specific antisera. | 1982 | 6284325 |
| [cultivation of various avian viruses in pheasant trachea organ cultures and chick embryos]. | stationary tracheal organ cultures of pheasants and chick embryos, treated with a mucolytic agent were used to study the ciliostatic effect of the following viruses: fowl pest (fpv), newcastle disease (ndv), infections laryngotracheitis (ilv), and infections bronchitis (ibv) - strain beaudette. in chick embryo tracheal cultures ciliostasis was found to set in as follows: for fpv - at the 24th hour; for ndv - at the 72nd-120th hour; for ilv - at the 168-192nd hour; and for ibv-at the 72nd-96th ho ... | 1982 | 6287709 |
| infectious bronchitis haemagglutination inhibition test. | 1982 | 6289507 | |
| [the effect of isolated rearing and frequency of vaccinations on the development of humoral immunity to newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis]. | 1982 | 6291193 | |
| preparing hemagglutinating antigen from isolates of infectious bronchitis virus. | the hemagglutinating (ha) activity of 14 strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was investigated. the optimal conditions for ibv antigen preparation include inoculation of 10- or 11-day-old specific pathogen-free embryonated eggs and incubation for 30 hours at 37 c. embryos were inoculated via the allantoic cavity with 0.1 ml of a low embryonic passage of the virus (10(7) to 10(8) eid50/ml). allantoic fluid was harvested and pooled, and a 100-fold concentration of virus particles was achie ... | 1982 | 6293442 |
| coronavirus proteins: biogenesis of avian infectious bronchitis virus virion proteins. | we examined the synthesis of viral structural proteins in cultured cells infected with the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. tryptic peptide mapping was used to determine the structural relationships of the intracellular proteins to the virion polypeptides. pulse-chase experiments were performed to identify precursors to the virus-specific proteins. we found that the nucleocapsid protein, p51, and the small viral membrane proteins gp31, gp28, and p23 do not undergo post-translationa ... | 1982 | 6294329 |
| coronavirus proteins: structure and function of the oligosaccharides of the avian infectious bronchitis virus glycoproteins. | the recent finding that the e1 glycoproteins of murine coronaviruses contain only o-linked oligosaccharides suggested that this unusual modification might be a distinguishing feature of coronaviruses and might play an essential role in the life cycle of this family of viruses. to examine these possibilities, we analyzed the oligosaccharide moieties of the membrane proteins of the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. in addition, we determined the effect of inhibiting the glycosylation ... | 1982 | 6294330 |
| [storage and preservation of antigen for the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in the detection of antibodies against chicken bronchitis virus]. | 1982 | 6295360 | |
| influence of infectious bronchitis strains and vaccines on the incidence of mycoplasma synoviae airsacculitis. | a model system was used to study infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and mycoplasma synoviae (ms) interaction. the system involved exposure of chickens to ibv, followed by exposure to ms 2-5 days later. the chickens were subjected to a cold environment (10 +/- 2 c) for 3 weeks starting one day before ms exposure. under these conditions, differences in the capacity of various strains of ibv to exacerbate ms airsacculitis was demonstrated. exposure to ibv field isolates generally resulted in more ai ... | 1982 | 6297445 |
| evaluation of ciliary movement in tracheal rings to assess immunity against infectious bronchitis virus. | chickens vaccinated at one and 14 days of age with a live vaccine containing the massachusetts and connecticut strains of infectious bronchitis virus were protected against challenge with a massachusetts strain administered at 5 weeks of age. the virus recovery method in which tracheal swabs taken 4 days post-challenge were used to inoculate chicken embryos was compared with the method based on ciliary activity in tracheal explants. the results showed that evaluation of ciliary activity effectiv ... | 1982 | 6297446 |
| comparison of ciliary activity and virus recovery from tracheas of chickens and humoral immunity after inoculation with serotypes of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | cross-protection tests with homologous and heterologous serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were used to compare ciliary activity and virus recovery from tracheas of chickens. validation of this technique included correlating the neutralization indices of antiserum obtained from some infected birds. chickens were inoculated intratracheally with either the jmk or connecticut (conn) serotype of ibv. three weeks later, infected and uninfected groups were challenged by the same route with ... | 1982 | 6297448 |
| isolation of a new serotype of infectious bronchitis-like virus from chickens in england. | 1983 | 6298986 | |
| comparison of techniques for the detection of avian infectious bronchitis virus as a contaminant of vaccines. | techniques for detecting various levels of both field and vaccine strains of infectious bronchitis virus in a deliberately contaminated newcastle disease vaccine were compared using chick embryos, chick kidney cells, chick tracheal organ cultures and chickens with a view to determining the most appropriate method for screening vaccines for freedom from ibv contamination. techniques examined included detection of abnormalities and deaths in embryos, cytopathic effect in chick kidney cells, cilios ... | 1983 | 6300130 |
| homologous interference by avian infectious bronchitis virus, inhibition of plaque formation of the beaudette-42 strain by mixed inoculation with the kh strain. | inhibition of plaque formation by avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) beaudette-42 (be-42) strain occurred in chick kidney cells with the inoculation of the same cell culture with the kh strain of ibv. for the complete inhibition of approximately 10(2) plaque-forming units (pfu) of the be-42 strain, at least 10(5) pfu of the kh strain was required. the kh strain would inhibit plaque formation by the be-42 strain if used as long as six hours after the inoculation of the be-42 strain. the inac ... | 1983 | 6300978 |
| coronavirus ibv glycopolypeptides: size of their polypeptide moieties and nature of their oligosaccharides. | analysis of differentially radiolabelled avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) indicated that the matrix (m) polypeptides of mol. wt. 23 x 10(3) (23k), 26k, 28k, 30k and 34k (m23 to m34) which have been shown to give the same peptide maps, differed in their degree of glycosylation; m23 was not glycosylated while glycosylation increased with increasing mol. wt. from m26 to m34. both glucosamine and mannose were components of m26 to m34 but [3h]fucose appeared to be associated mainly with m34. e ... | 1983 | 6302214 |
| effects of experimental infection of fowl with eds'76 virus, infectious bronchitis virus and/or fowl adenovirus on laying performance. | 1983 | 6302974 | |
| vaccination of day-old broilers against infectious bronchitis: effect of vaccine strain and route of administration. | nine groups of 10 one-day-old broiler chicks were vaccinated by eye-drop, coarse spray, or intratracheal instillation with combined newcastle disease-infectious bronchitis live vaccines containing the massachusetts (mass) 41, holland 120, or connecticut 46 strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). chickens vaccinated with mass-41 or holland 120 were protected against challenge with a mass strain administered at 4 weeks of age. when immunity to the disease was evaluated by virus recovery, dete ... | 1983 | 6303288 |
| optimization of parameters for detecting antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: temporal response to vaccination and challenge with live virus. | critical parameters affecting sensitivity and specificity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were evaluated and optimized. the use of purified ibv as antigen at 50 ng protein/well and high-ionic-strength serum dilution buffer has resulted in a test with minimal nonspecific binding of chicken immunoglobulins and very high sensitivity. optimum conditions for serum dilution, conjugate dilution, and substrate incubation were determined for min ... | 1983 | 6303289 |
| [vaccination against infectious bronchitis in young chickens--carriers or not of maternal antibodies]. | the immunity to infectious bronchitis afforded by spray vaccination of mycoplasma free two days-old broilers with maternal antibodies to infectious bronchitis virus was tested by comparing zootechnical scores, clinical signs, macroscopical and microscopical changes, frequency of infectious bronchitis virus isolation following challenge at one, three and five weeks of age in vaccinated, unvaccinated, challenged and unchallenged birds. this vaccination gave a very good protection to infectious bro ... | 1983 | 6303682 |
| cell mediated and humoral immune response of chickens to inactivated oil-emulsion infectious bronchitis vaccine. | a lymphocyte transformation microassay was used to study cell mediated immunity (cmi) in chickens following primary and secondary vaccination with inactivated oil emulsion infectious bronchitis (ib) vaccine and subsequent challenge with massachusetts-41 (m-41). humoral immunity was monitored for comparison, using the haemagglutination inhibition (hi) microassay. positive stimulation indices (2 to 2.7 after primary and 2 to 4.8 after secondary vaccination) were lower and hi titres were higher tha ... | 1983 | 6304837 |
| ciliary activity: a criterion for associating resistance to infectious bronchitis virus infection with elisa antibody titer. | vaccination and challenge experiments using infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were conducted on groups of specific-pathogen-free chickens. three weeks post-vaccination with one of the four ibv strains used, chickens were challenged with the homologous immunizing strain of ibv. subsequently, the chickens were sacrificed, their tracheas were examined for ciliostasis, and the specific ibv antibody content of their sera was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). results showed that p ... | 1983 | 6307249 |
| coronavirus ibv: further evidence that the surface projections are associated with two glycopolypeptides. | the surface projections (peplomers) of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain m41 have been separated from the nucleocapsid (n) and matrix (m) proteins by sedimentation in a sucrose gradient after virus disruption by the non-ionic detergent nonidet p40. the peplomers comprised two glycopolypeptides of mol. wt. 90 x 10(3) (90k; s1) and 84k (s2), shown by analysis of differentially radiolabelled virus to be present in equimolar proportions. polypeptides of 75k and 110k, which were detected ... | 1983 | 6308136 |
| a standard technique for haemagglutination inhibition tests for antibodies to avian infectious bronchitis virus. | 1983 | 6310847 | |
| [comparative serological studies of south germany field isolates of chicken in infectious bronchitis virus and vaccine strains in tracheal cultures]. | 1983 | 6312956 | |
| respiratory conditions of the fowl. | 1982 | 6313525 | |
| the effect of route of infection and strain of virus on the pathology of australian infectious bronchitis. | the pathogenesis of infectious bronchitis in 4-week-old chickens was studied following administration of australian t strain of ibv by the aerosol, conjunctival, intranasal, in-contact and drinking water routes. infected birds showed similar patterns of clinical signs, gross and histopathological lesions. while the birds infected by the aerosol route had earlier and slightly more severe respiratory tract disease it was concluded that the pathogenesis of infectious bronchitis virus nephritis was ... | 1983 | 6314963 |
| immune response of chickens to various routes of administration of australian infectious bronchitis vaccine. | groups of 100 two-week-old cockerels were vaccinated with the a3 strain of ib vaccine by conjunctival, intranasal, in-contact, drinking water, or aerosol routes, or were left as unvaccinated controls. three weeks after vaccination, each group of chickens was challenged with the appin strain of ibv. vaccination by the conjunctival, intranasal and in-contact routes induced a good resistance to challenge, concurring with an obvious stimulation of the harderian gland, while the drinking water route ... | 1983 | 6314964 |
| effect of environmental temperature on the mortality in vaccinated chickens after challenge with australian infectious bronchitis virus. | 1983 | 6314967 | |
| comparative sensitivities of oviduct and tracheal organ cultures and chicken embryo kidney cell cultures to infectious bronchitis virus. | in vitro studies with organ (oviduct and trachea) and chicken embryo kidney cell cultures were attempted to assess the pathogenicity of locally isolated infectious bronchitis virus (ibv-p:120) initially isolated from the oviduct of young chicks. in oviduct cultures infected with ibv, ciliary movements decreased as early as 24 hours postinoculation (pi), and on the 6th day ciliary movements ceased completely. cytopathic changes were also noticed. immunofluorescent antigen was detected from 1 to 6 ... | 1983 | 6314971 |
| prevalence of arkansas-type infectious bronchitis virus in delmarva peninsula chickens. | the prevalence of arkansas (ark)-type infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in delmarva peninsula broiler-type chickens was determined. the immunity of 5-to-11-week-old commercial broilers was evaluated by intraocular inoculation with ark-type dpi strain (ark dpi) challenge virus and collection of tracheal swabbings 5 days later. serum ark-type antibody titers were obtained using the virus-neutralization test. eighty-five flocks were tested from january to august 1981. nearly 60% of the flocks had s ... | 1983 | 6314974 |
| effect of serial embryo passage of an arkansas-type avian infectious bronchitis virus isolate on clinical response, virus recovery, and immunity. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) arkansas-type dpi strain (ark dpi) was attenuated by serial passage in chicken embryos. virus of passage 50 was less pathogenic for day-old maternally immune broiler-type chickens than virus of passage 10 or 25 as determined by clinical response to vaccination, virus isolation in respiratory (trachea) and nonrespiratory (kidney and cloaca) tissues, and weight-gain studies. chickens vaccinated with virus of passage 10, 25, or 50 were at least 80% resistant to hom ... | 1983 | 6314975 |
| comparison of whole blood dried on filter paper and serum for measurement of the temporal antibody response to avian infectious bronchitis virus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | two methods for collecting specimens for measuring sequential antibody activity of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were compared. whole blood was collected on filter-paper strips, dried for 2 hr at 37 c, and then stored in plastic bags at 4 c or eluted overnight and tested immediately. eluates of whole blood were paired with serum samples and tested for ibv antibody activity by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) at four weekly intervals. both sampling methods yielded elisa antibody leve ... | 1983 | 6314980 |
| isolation of infectious bronchitis virus from pheasants. | 1983 | 6316620 | |
| comparison of the hemagglutination-inhibition test with the constant-virus diluting-serum microneutralization test for detecting antibody to avian infectious bronchitis virus. | an evaluation was made of the hemagglutination-inhibition test and the constant-virus diluting-serum microneutralization test, two serological techniques that are used in detecting antibodies to avian infectious bronchitis. the repeatabilities and sensitivities of both tests were similar. both tests compared favorably when testing high-titered antisera, but antibody titers detected varied when low-titered sera were used. | 1983 | 6316897 |
| coronavirus ibv: structural characterization of the spike protein. | the spike protein (s; surface projection) of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain m41 comprises two glycopolypeptides, s1 (mol. wt. 90 x 10(3] and s2 (mol. wt. 84 x 10(3], in equimolar proportions. the apparent mol. wt. of s was calculated as 354 (+/- 17) x 10(3) following co-sedimentation with catalase in sucrose gradients. incubation of radiolabelled ibv with urea resulted in the removal of most s1, but none of s2, from the virus particle. a similar result was obtained using low conc ... | 1983 | 6319549 |
| significance of lysosomes in the morphogenesis of coronaviruses. | virus-containing electron-dense membrane-bound cytoplasmic bodies are described in tracheal epithelial cells of chickens infected with infectious bronchitis virus and in intestinal epithelial cells of swine infected with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. using silver-methenamine staining, phosphotungstic acid staining and acid phosphatase enzyme cytochemical staining of ultra-thin sections, these bodies were shown to be virus-containing secondary lysosomes and residual bodies. the accumulation of ... | 1984 | 6320768 |
| the use of reference preparations in virus content testing of vaccines. | a series of virus content tests on newcastle disease, avian infectious bronchitis and marek's disease vaccines was carried out over a period of several years on commercial products together with a standard preparation of each virus. analysis of the results of marek's disease vaccine titrations revealed a good correlation between plaque count and the ratio obtained for the standard vaccine tested in parallel. expression in relation to a reference preparation is therefore of value to vaccine manuf ... | 1984 | 6321508 |
| coronavirus multiplication: locations of genes for virion proteins on the avian infectious bronchitis virus genome. | six overlapping viral rnas are synthesized in cells infected with the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). these rnas contain a 3'-coterminal nested sequence set and were assumed to be viral mrnas. the seven major ibv virion proteins are all produced by processing of three polypeptides of ca. 23, 51, and 115 kilodaltons. these are the core polypeptides of the small membrane proteins, the nucleocapsid protein, and the 155-kilodalton precursor to the large membrane proteins gp90 an ... | 1984 | 6321790 |
| vaccination of chickens with newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis vaccines administered singly and in combination. | the reactivity and immune response were determined in chickens following the administration of newcastle disease (nd) and infectious bronchitis (ib) vaccines given singly and in combination. when given singly, the ib component resulted in an earlier appearance of respiratory signs than when it was combined with nd vaccine. the intensity of the respiratory reaction appeared similar in each case, however. measured by virus-serum neutralization and from challenge with nd and ib viruses, no evidence ... | 1984 | 6322151 |
| effects of subtype variations in the holland strain of infectious bronchitis virus when applied as a vaccine. | massachusetts-type infectious bronchitis viruses (ibv) designated h120, from three sources, have been evaluated as vaccines. significant subtype variations were observed with the different vaccines based upon challenge virus infection and typical ib lesions induced where homologous and heterologous serotypes were used. in numerous cases, there was little agreement between challenge virus recovery from the respiratory tract and the presence or absence and severity of ib lesions. the study indicat ... | 1984 | 6324156 |
| avian mycoplasma infections: prototype of mixed infections with mycoplasmas, bacteria and viruses. | mixed infections involving mycoplasmas, viruses and bacteria are well recognized in chickens. synergism has been demonstrated between mycoplasma gallisepticum and the viruses of newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis and escherichia coli, although the outcome of infection is influenced by many factors associated with the host and the organisms. airsacculitis in broilers due to m. synoviae or m. gallinarum may be precipitated by concurrent respiratory virus infections including vaccine strai ... | 1984 | 6324630 |