Publications

the importance and provision of oral hygiene in surgical patients.	the provision of mouth care on the general surgical ward and intensive care setting has recently gained momentum as an important aspect of patient care. oropharyngeal morbidity can cause pain and disordered swallowing leading to reluctance in commencing or maintaining an adequate dietary intake. on the intensive care unit, aside from patient discomfort and general well-being, oral hygiene is integral to the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia. chlorhexidine (0.2%) is widely used to dec ...	2008	18947816
absolute side-chain structure at position 13 is required for the inhibitory activity of bromein.	bromelain isoinhibitor (bromein), a cysteine proteinase inhibitor from pineapple stem, has a unique double-chain structure. the bromein precursor protein includes three homologous inhibitor domains, each containing an interchain peptide between the light and heavy chains. the interchain peptide in the single-chain precursor is immediately processed by bromelain, a target proteinase. in the present study, to clarify the essential inhibitory site of bromein, we constructed 44 kinds of site-directe ...	2008	18948264
development of an immunomagnetic capture-reverse transcriptase-pcr assay for three pineapple ampeloviruses.	a semi-automated, immunomagnetic capture-reverse transcription pcr (imc-rt-pcr) assay for the detection of three pineapple-infecting ampeloviruses, pineapple mealybug wilt-associated virus-1, -2 and -3, is described. the assay was equivalent in sensitivity but more rapid than conventional immunocapture rt-pcr. the assay can be used either as a one- or two-step rt-pcr and allows detection of the viruses separately or together in a triplex assay from fresh, frozen or freeze-dried pineapple leaf ti ...	2009	18996414
inactivation of escherichia coli in a tropical fruit smoothie by a combination of heat and pulsed electric fields.	moderate heat in combination with pulsed electric fields (pef) was investigated as a potential alternative to thermal pasteurization of a tropical fruit smoothie based on pineapple, banana, and coconut milk, inoculated with escherichia coli k12. the smoothie was heated from 25 degrees c to either 45 or 55 degrees c over 60 s and subsequently cooled to 10 degrees c. pef was applied at electric field strengths of 24 and 34 kv/cm with specific energy inputs of 350, 500, and 650 kj/l. both processin ...	2008	19019120
biophenols from agro-industrial wastes.	large quantities of agro-based liquid wastes are produced every year and their disposal is often a problem for industries. in light of that, in this study prudent effort was done to screen the agro-industrial wastes - pineapple waste (paw) and palm oil mill effluent (pome) for valuable biophenols product. three different solvents; ethanol, acetone and distilled water were screened in order to enhance the process. all experiments were performed using fixed process conditions of solid to solvent r ...	2008	19025008
high-efficiency agrobacterium-mediated transformation of citrus via sonication and vacuum infiltration.	an improved method for the agrobacterium infiltration of epicotyl segments of 'pineapple' sweet orange [citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck] and 'swingle' citrumelo [citrus paradisi macf. x poncirus trifoliata (l.) raf.] was developed in order to increase transformation frequency. sonication-assisted agrobacterium-mediated transformation (saat), vacuum infiltration, and a combination of the two procedures were compared with conventional agrobacterium-mediated inoculation method ('dipping' method). it wa ...	2009	19048258
evaluation of genetic variability in micropropagated propagules of ornamental pineapple [ananas comosus var. bracteatus (lindley) coppens and leal] using rapd markers.	the objective of the present study was to evaluate the genetic variability in micropropagated plantlets of ornamental pineapple, after the fourth period of subculture. the basal culture medium consisted of ms salts, vitamins, 3% sucrose, liquid formulation, supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (bap) at concentrations of 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/l. the addition of bap influenced the occurrence of genetic variation revealed using random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers. of a tota ...	2008	19048488
pomegranate juice inhibits sulfoconjugation in caco-2 human colon carcinoma cells.	several fruit juices have been reported to cause food-drug interactions, mainly affecting cytochrome p450 activity; however, little is known about the effects of fruit juices on conjugation reactions. among several fruit juices tested (apple, peach, orange, pineapple, grapefruit, and pomegranate), pomegranate juice potently inhibited the sulfoconjugation of 1-naphthol in caco-2 cells. this inhibition was both dose- and culture time-dependent, with a 50% inhibitory concentration (ic(50)) value ca ...	2008	19053852
antioxidant capacity of infant fruit beverages: influence of storage and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion.	the total antioxidant capacity of three beverages based on fruit juice, milk and cereals, intended for infants and young children up to 3 years of age was evaluated by two methods trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity and oxygen radical absorption capacity.	2015	19132262
the role of enzyme supplementation in digestive disorders.	this article reviews various forms of enzyme supplementation used clinically in digestive and absorption disorders. enzyme supplementation plays an integral role in the management of various digestive disorders, particularly with regard to exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. however, application of enzymes may also be beneficial for other conditions associated with poor digestion including lactose intolerance. historically, porcine and bovine pancreatic enzymes have been the preferred form of sup ...	2008	19152478
bromelain treatment reduces cd25 expression on activated cd4+ t cells in vitro.	bromelain (br), an extract from pineapple stem with cysteine protease activity, exerts anti-inflammatory effects in a number of inflammatory models. we have previously shown that br treatment decreased activated cd4(+) t cells and has a therapeutic role in an ovalbumin-induced murine model of allergic airway disease. the current study was designed to determine the effect of br on cd4(+) t cell activation, specifically the expression of cd25 in vitro. cd25 is up regulated upon t cell activation, ...	2009	19162239
genome organization and phylogenetic relationship of pineapple mealybug wilt associated virus-3 with family closteroviridae members.	the nucleotide sequence of pineapple mealybug wilt associated virus-3 (pmwav-3) (closteroviridae: ampelovirus), spanning seven open reading frames (orfs) and the untranslatable region of the 3' end was determined. based on the amino acid identities with orthologous orfs of pmwav-1 (54%-73%) and pmwav-2 (13%-35%), we propose pmwav-3 is a new species in the pmwav complex. pmwav-3 lacks an intergenic region between orf1b and orf2, encodes a relatively small, 28.8 kda, coat protein, and lacks a coat ...	2009	19225875
potential for land application of contaminated sewage sludge treated with fermented liquid from pineapple wastes.	the suitability for land application of anaerobically digested sewage sludge treated with naturally fermented and aspergillus niger (a. niger) fermented raw liquid from pineapple wastes, in terms of changes in the forms and amount of heavy metals and nutrient and pathogen content, were investigated in this study. leaching studies for fermented liquid at optimum conditions (ph and contact time with best metal removal efficiencies) were carried out for the removal of cd, cr, cu, pb, ni and zn from ...	2009	19232826
effects of inducers of systemic acquired resistance on reproduction of meloidogyne javanica and rotylenchulus reniformis in pineapple.	the potency of the inducers of systemic acquired resistance (sar), acibenzolar-s-methyl, dl-alpha-amino-n-butyric acid (aaba), dl-beta-amino-n-butyric acid (baba), gamma-amino-n-butyric acid (gaba), p-aminobenzoic acid (paba), riboflavin, and salicylic acid (sa), in reducing reproduction of meloidogyne javanica and rotylenchulus reniformis in pineapple was investigated. all inducers were applied as foliar sprays to 1-mon-old pineapple plants (20 ml/plant) grown in 22-cm-diam. pots in the greenho ...	2006	19259535
pineapple and banana pectins comprise fewer homogalacturonan building blocks with a smaller degree of polymerization as compared with yellow passion fruit and lemon pectins: implication for gelling properties.	pectins are viewed as multiblock cobiopolymers of different pectic polysaccharides, notably, homogalacturonan (hg) and rhamnogalacturonan i (rg i). furthermore, on the basis of hgs isolated from different (pectins from) dicot cell walls, hg is supposed to have an average degree of polymerization (dp) of approximately 100 irrespective of the plant source. to validate or invalidate these suppositions, pectins from both monocot (pineapple and banana) and dicot (yellow passion fruit and lemon) cell ...	2009	19260678
management of rotylenchulus reniformis in pineapple, ananas comosus, by intercycle cover crops.	the effects of intercycle cover crops on rotylenchulus reniformis population densities in pineapple were evaluated in one greenhouse and two field experiments. in the greenhouse, crotalaria juncea, brassica napus, and tagetes erecta were planted for 3 months and then incorporated. these treatments were compared to weedy fallow with or without 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-d) in three soils (makawao fallow, wahiawa fallow, and wahiawa pineapple) naturally infested with r. reniformis. all cover crop in ...	2002	19265916
intercropping cover crops with pineapple for the management of rotylenchulus reniformis.	effect of cover crops intercropped with pineapple (ananas comosus) on rotylenchulus reniformis population densities and activity of nematode-trapping fungi (ntf) were evaluated in two cycles of cover crop and pineapple. sunn hemp (crotalaria juncea), rapeseed (brassica napus), african marigold (tagetes erecta), or weeds were intercropped with pineapples. beds planted with sunn hemp or rapeseed had lower population densities of r. reniformis than african marigold, weeds, or pineapple plots during ...	2003	19265973
changes in plant-parasitic nematode populations in pineapple fields following inter-cycle cover crops.	the use of plant-covers oat (arena sativa l.), rhodesgrass (chloris gayana kunth), soybean (glycine max [l.] merr.), and marigold (tagetes patula l.) during pineapple inter-cycle planting periods was investigated at two sites (kunia and whitmore, oahu, hi) as a potential means to reduce population densities of rotylenchulus reniformis, helicotylenchus dihystera, and paratylenchus spp. clean fallow and fallow covered with pineapple-plant residues (mulch) were the controls without plant-cover. reg ...	1996	19277173
occurrence of pasteuria-like organisms on selected plant-pamsitic nematodes of pineapple in the hawaiian islands.	soils from 320 sites representing diverse undisturbed habitats from five hawaiian islands were assessed for occurrence of pasteuria-like organisms. mean annual rainfall at sites ranged from 125-350 cm, elevation from 69-2,286 m, and annual mean temperature from 12-24 c. seven different natural communities were represented: wet lowland, mesic lowland, wet montane, mesk montane, dry montane, mesic subalpine, and dry alpine. pasteuria spp. in a soil sample was detected by baiting with infective sta ...	1995	19277305
evaluation of ethoprop and tetrathiocarbonate for reniform nematode control in pineapple.	ethoprop and disodium tetrathiocarbonate (ttc) were evaluated as replacements of fenamiphos and 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-d) for control of rotylenchulus reniformis on pineapple in hawaii. treatments were established in a field on the del monte fresh fruit (hawaii) plantation in spring 1991. preplant soil treatments consisted of fumigation with 1,3-d at 226 kg a.i./ha and ttc at 135 kg or 270 kg a.i./ha. postplant nematicides for the 1,3-d treated plots were fenamiphos (3.4 kg a.i./ha trimonthly) ...	1995	19277334
comparison of single- and double-chisel injection methods for the control of rotylenchulus reniformis in pineapple.	the efficacy of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-d) applied with one or two chisels was determined for control of rotylenchulus reniformis on pineapple. the soil was fumigated with 1,3-d at 157 liters/ha with either a single chisel 46 cm deep or two chisels 41 cm deep in replicated experiments conducted in four commercial fields. soil samples were collected before fumigation and 45 days afterward from three depths and three positions. the three depths were 0-15, 16-30, and 31-45 cm; and the three positi ...	1993	19279838
nematicide efficacy, root growth, and fruit yield in drip-irrigated pineapple parasitized by rotylenchulus reniformis.	a 3-year field trial near kunia, oahu, hawaii, was conducted to evaluate four nematicide treatments for efficacy against rotylenchulus reniformis in drip-irrigated pineapple (ananas comosus l. (merr.)). the treatments were (a) preplant fumigation with 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-d) (336 liter/ ha) and postplant drip application of fenamiphos (3.4 kg/ha) with restricted irrigation, (b) preplant 1,3-d only, weekly irrigation, (c) 1,3-d fenamiphos, weekly irrigation, and (d) postplant fenamiphos only, ...	1992	19283033
pineapple nematode research in hawaii: past, present, and future.	the first written record of pineapple in hawaii is from 1813. in 1901 commercial pineapple production started, and in 1924 the experiment station for pineapple research was established. nematode-related problems were recognized in the early 1900s by n. a. cobb. from 1920 to approximately 1945 nematode management in hawaiian pineapple was based on fallowing and crop rotation. during the 1920s and 1930s g. h. godfrey conducted research on pineapple nematode management. in the 1930s and 1940s m. b. ...	1989	19287592
survey of current distribution of rotylenchulus reniformis in the united states.	the reniform nematode, rotylenchulus reniformis, has been reported from all gulf coast states, arkansas, hawaii, north carolina, and south carolina. experts in 11 states identified the counties or parishes where the nematode is found and provided information regarding associated soil parameters, climate, crops, and crop management. rotylenchulus reniformis has been detected in 187 counties and parishes of the southeastern united states and is most widespread in louisiana, mississippi, alabama, f ...	1990	19287782
correlations of rotylenchulus reniformis population densities with 1,3-dichloropropene dosage rate and pineapple yields.	the relationships between rotylenchulus reniformis population densities and pineapple growth and yield were studied in a small-plot field experiment. increasing rates of handgun-injected 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-d) preplant fumigant from 0 to 337 liters/ha resulted in greater nematode control, faster plant growth, and larger pineapple fruits. rotylenchulus reniformis population densities at 2, 4, 6, and 8 months postplant were correlated with plant size and yield. the shorter the time period fol ...	1990	19287789
nematode problems affecting agriculture in the philippines.	nematodes are considered major pests on most economic crops in the philippines, particularly on banana, pineapple, citrus, tomato, ramie, and sugarcane. radopholus similis is the most destructive nematode on banana, while meloidogyne spp. are more serious on various vegetable crops such as tomato, okra, and celery and on fiber crops such as ramie. tylenchulus semipenetrans is a problem on citrus and rotylenchulus reniformis on pineapple and some legume crops. hirschmanniella oryzae and aphelench ...	1988	19290204
bromelain inhibits cox-2 expression by blocking the activation of mapk regulated nf-kappa b against skin tumor-initiation triggering mitochondrial death pathway.	chemoprevention impels the pursuit for either single targeted or cocktail of multi-targeted agents. bromelain, potential agent in this regard, is a pharmacologically active compound, present in stems and fruits of pineapple (ananas cosmosus), endowed with anti-inflammatory, anti-invasive and anti-metastatic properties. herein, we report the anti tumor-initiating effects of bromelain in 2-stage mouse skin tumorigenesis model. pre-treatment of bromelain resulted in reduction in cumulative number o ...	2009	19339108
[the characteristic analysis of several mineral contents in chinese orange juice].	a study was carried out on the contents of mineral elements such as k, ca, na, and mg in seven different orange varieties, namely pineapple orange, hamlin, trovita, jincheng, 1,232 tangor, olinda valencia and delta valencia, by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. the results indicated that the content sequence of different nutritional elements was k > mg > ca > na, with a range of 1,233.75-1,866.23, 77.51-167.15, 49.32-125.29 and 1.22-9.26 mg x l(-1) respectively. the range scale of the four e ...	2009	19385253
enzymatic necrolysis of acute deep burns--report of preliminary results with 22 patients.	enzymatic debridement by the use of a proteolytic enzyme complex derived, isolated and purified from pineapple stems proves to be an innovative, rapid, effective, selective and safe method of postburn necrotic skin removal. the major advantages of the procedure include minimal invasivity, rapidity, effectiveness, possibility to perform the debridement at the bedside, minimal or no loss of blood and minimal interference with natural wound healing processes. our preliminary experience with this tr ...	2008	19408486
[diversity and ichthyofaunistic abundance of the rio grande de térraba, south of costa rica].	the diversity, abundance and distributional pattern of freshwater fish communities in the térraba river, south costa rica, were investigated from the early dry season of 2004 to early rain season of 2005. there have been no preview studies on the freshwater fish distribution in térraba. therefore, the aims of this study were to determine fish species richness, abundance and distribution there. fish sampling was done using a combination of gears such as gill net, fine mesh net and visual observat ...	2008	19419055
removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution by adsorption onto pineapple leaf powder.	the ability of an unconventional bio-adsorbent, pineapple leaf powder (plp) for the adsorption of methylene blue (mb) from aqueous solution was studied. it was observed that intra-particle diffusion was involved in the adsorption process and that the kinetic data fitted well with a pseudo-second-order equation. fitting parameters revealed that the rate of adsorption increased with decrease in dye concentration and decrease in ionic strength while the mixing speed did not have a significant effec ...	2009	19447547
screening of antiproliferative effect of aqueous extracts of plant foods consumed in méxico on the breast cancer cell line mcf-7.	we evaluated the antiproliferative effect of aqueous extracts of 14 plant foods consumed in mexico on the breast cancer cell line mcf-7. the plant foods used were avocado, black sapote, guava, mango, prickly pear cactus stems (called nopal in mexico, cooked and raw), papaya, pineapple, four different cultivars of prickly pear fruit, grapes and tomato. β-carotene, total phenolics and gallic acid contents and the antioxidant capacity, measured by the ferric reducing/antioxidant power and the 2,2-d ...	2009	19468947
the pineapple upside-down liver cake.		2009	19479784
detection of urease in the cell wall and membranes from leaf tissues of bromeliad species.	urea is an important nitrogen source for some bromeliad species, and in nature it is derived from the excretion of amphibians, which visit or live inside the tank water. its assimilation is dependent on the hydrolysis by urease (ec: 3.5.1.5), and although this enzyme has been extensively studied to date, little information is available about its cellular location. in higher plants, this enzyme is considered to be present in the cytoplasm. however, there is evidence that urease is secreted by the ...	2009	19508368
evaluation of the antioxidant activity of non-transformed and transformed pineapple: a comparative study.	pineapple has several beneficial properties including antioxidant activity. we investigated the antioxidant effect of different extracts of non-transformed (s) and transformed pineapple (with the magainin gene construct, [ts], for disease resistance). they were examined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (dpph) radical scavenging, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (orac) and lipid peroxidation assays besides phenolic and flavonoid contents. hplc analysis was carried out to identify the possib ...	2009	19563857
the prevalence of food hypersensitivity in young adults.	rising prevalence of food hypersensitivity (fhs) and severe allergic reactions to foods have been reported in the last decade. however, little is known on the prevalence in young adults. this study estimated the prevalence of fhs to the most common allergenic foods in an unselected population of young adults. we investigated a cohort of 1272 young adults 22 years of age by questionnaire, skin prick test (spt) and histamin release (hr) followed by oral challenge to the most common allergenic food ...	2009	19594854
pilot-scale vermicomposting of pineapple wastes with earthworms native to accra, ghana.	pineapple wastes, an abundant organic waste in accra, ghana, were vermicomposted using native earthworms (eudrilus eugeniae kinberg) collected from the banks of streams and around bath houses of this city. triplicate pilot-scale vermidigesters containing about 90 earthworms and three other control boxes with no earthworms were fed pineapple pulp or peels, and the loss of wet mass was monitored over 20 weeks. in a second experiment, a 1:1 mixture of pineapple peels and pulp (w/w) was fed to tripl ...	2009	19620003
an extended ae-rich n-terminal trunk in secreted pineapple cystatin enhances inhibition of fruit bromelain and is posttranslationally removed during ripening.	phytocystatins are potent inhibitors of cysteine proteases and have been shown to participate in senescence, seed and organ biogenesis, and plant defense. however, phytocystatins are generally poor inhibitors of the cysteine protease, bromelain, of pineapple (ananas comosus). here, we demonstrated that pineapple cystatin, accys1, inhibited (>95%) stem and fruit bromelain. accys1 is a unique cystatin in that it contains an extended n-terminal trunk (ntt) of 63 residues rich in alanine and glutama ...	2009	19648229
transfer of pantoea citrea, pantoea punctata and pantoea terrea to the genus tatumella emend. as tatumella citrea comb. nov., tatumella punctata comb. nov. and tatumella terrea comb. nov. and description of tatumella morbirosei sp. nov.	pantoea citrea, pantoea punctata and pantoea terrea were described for strains isolated from fruit and soil originating in japan. these three 'japanese' species have been shown to be phylogenetically distant from other species of the genus pantoea. it has been observed previously that, using multilocus sequence analysis (mlsa), the 'japanese' species consistently formed a distinct clade with an extended branch length, casting doubt on the inclusion of these species within the genus pantoea. furt ...	2010	19654354
bromelain's activity and potential as an anti-cancer agent: current evidence and perspectives.	the medicinal qualities of pineapple are recognized in many traditions in south america, china and southeast asia. these qualities are attributed to bromelain, a 95%-mixture of proteases. medicinal qualities of bromelain include anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, fibrinolytic and anti-cancer functions. existing evidence derived from clinical observations as well as from mouse- and cell-based models suggests that bromelain acts systemically, affecting multiple cellular and molecular targets. in ...	2010	19700238
structure, stability, and thermochemistry of the fullerene derivatives c(64)x(6) (x = h, f, cl).	the geometrical structures, electronic properties, and stabilities of the unconventional fullerene derivatives c(64)x(6) (x = h, f, cl) have been systematically studied by the first-principle calculations based on the density functional theory. the fullerene derivatives 1911(2)-c(64)x(6) generated from the pineapple-shaped c(64)x(4) are predicted to possess the lowest energies. the other two x atoms are added to the carbon atoms with the highest local strain assessed by the pyramidalization angl ...	2009	19757780
vicker's microhardness and energy dispersive x-ray analysis of fluorapatite-leucite and fluorapatite ceramics cyclically immersed in acidic agents.	this study evaluated the microhardness and elemental composition of various ceramics immersed in acidic agents. one hundred and five discs of fluorapatite-leucite (ips d.sign) and fluorapatite ceramics (ips e.max ceram) were randomly divided into 7 groups of 15 each. five groups were alternately immersed in acidic agents (citrate buffer solution, pineapple juice, green mango juice, cola soft drink and 4% acetic acid) for 30 min and deionized water for 5 min in 7 cycles at 37 degrees c. two group ...	2009	19776513
volatile antimicrobials from muscodor crispans, a novel endophytic fungus.	muscodor crispans is a recently described novel endophytic fungus of ananas ananassoides (wild pineapple) growing in the bolivian amazon basin. the fungus produces a mixture of volatile organic compounds (vocs); some of the major components of this mixture, as determined by gc/ms, are propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, methyl ester; propanoic acid, 2-methyl-; 1-butanol, 3-methyl-;1-butanol, 3-methyl-, acetate; propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-methylbutyl ester; and ethanol. the fungus does not, however, pro ...	2010	19797357
study of pineapple peelings processing into vinegar by biotechnology.	this study aimed to reduce post-harvest losses of pineapple local variety egbenana by the transformation of juice into vinegar through biotechnological process. vinegar was produced through two successive fermentations: alcoholic and acetic fermentations. the alcohol fermentation was carried out at 30 degrees c using yeast. biomass, ph and brix were evaluated daily during the fermentation. acetic fermentation was carried out at 30 degrees c using an acetic bacteria strain isolated from pineapple ...	2009	19803120
thermoperiod affects the diurnal cycle of nitrate reductase expression and activity in pineapple plants by modulating the endogenous levels of cytokinins.	nitrate reductase (nr, ec 1.6.6.1) activity in higher plants is regulated by a variety of environmental factors and oscillates with a characteristic diurnal rhythm. in this study, we have demonstrated that the diurnal cycle of nr expression and activity in pineapple (ananas comosus, cv. smooth cayenne) can be strongly modified by changes in the day/night temperature regime. plants grown under constant temperature (28 degrees c light/dark) showed a marked increase in the shoot nr activity (nra) d ...	2009	19832938
formation of shaped barium sulfate-dye hybrids: waste dye utilization for eco-friendly treatment of wastewater.	owing to the present complexity and difficulty of concentrated dye wastewater treatment, this work aimed to synthesize a reproducible waste-sorbing material for the treatment of wastewater by forming the dye-conjugating complex hybrid.	2010	19844752
optimised separation procedures for the simultaneous assay of three plant hormones in liquid biofertilisers.	the overuse of petrochemical-based synthetic fertilisers has caused detrimental effects to soil, water supplies, foods and animal health. this, in addition to increased awareness of organic farming, has generated considerable interest in the evaluation of renewable biofertilisers.	2010	19845039
oriented cell division as a response to cell death and cell competition.	the imaginal disc epithelia that give rise to the adult ectoderm of drosophila can compensate to produce normal adult organs after damage. we looked at the local response to cell death by using two genetic methods to elevate cell death rates. during cell competition, sporadic cell death occurs predictably along the boundaries between populations of competing wild-type and "minute" cells (m/+). boundaries between m/+ and wild-type populations show an unusual degree of mixing, associated with mito ...	2009	19853449
matrix effects observed during pesticides residue analysis in fruits by gc.	the influence of the sample matrix in the gc-electron-capture detection analysis of the pesticides dimethoate, diazinon, chlorothalonil, parathion methyl and fenitrothion in fruits samples has been studied. experiments have been carried out where the pesticide responses in standard solutions prepared in selected solvent were compared with their response when present in apple, mango, papaya, banana, pineapple and melon extracts. the presence of matrix effects (mes) and their extent were shown to ...	2009	19877144
chemical durability and microhardness of dental ceramics immersed in acidic agents.	to evaluate the microhardness and surface elemental compositions of ceramics immersed in acidic agents.	2010	19878041
factors affecting migration of vanillin from chitosan/methyl cellulose films.	the diffusion kinetics and factors affecting the migration of vanillin from chitosan/methyl cellulose (chi/mc) films into water, cantaloupe juice (cj), pineapple juice (pj), and citrate buffer adjusted to ph values of 3.5, 5, and 6.5 were studied. vanillin was incorporated into the chi/mc films to provide an inhibitory effect against microorganisms. initial vanillin concentration in the films, temperature, and ph of extracting solvent impacted the migration behavior of vanillin. the diffusion co ...	2009	19895459
complementary therapies: your questions answered. use of pineapple for induction of labour.		2009	19899285
determination of the insecticide imidacloprid in fruit juices using micellar high-performance liquid chromatography.	a simple and reliable hplc method was developed to determine imidacloprid, a chloronicotinyl insecticide that has a highly specific affinity to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor of insects, above its permissible limit of consumption in fruit juices (orange, apple, and a mixture of pineapple and pear). samples were injected directly into a kromasil c18 column, without any pretreatment step, using the micellar mobile phase 0.10 m sodium dodecyl sulfate and 2.5% (v/v) propanol buffered at ph 7 a ...	2012	19916392
bacteriological evaluation of pre-cut fruits sold in kano metropolis, kano state, nigeria.	one hundred and fifty (150) pre-cut fruit samples comprising of pineapples (50), paw-paw (50) and watermelon (50) at the point of stand retail outlets were tested by standard bacteriological methods to determine bacterial contamination of the fruits. out of these 150 examined 136 (90.67%) were contaminated with bacteria. the bacterial distribution were; escherichia coli 69 (46.00%), staphylococcus aureus 29 (19.33%), salmonella species 13 (8.67%), proteus species 18 (12.00%), enterobacter aeroge ...	2009	20000065
[attraction of sphenophorus levis vaurie adults (coleoptera: curculionidae) to vegetal tissues at different conservation levels].	the occurrence of the sugarcane weevil sphenophorus levis vaurie is important in sugarcane in some regions in brazil. damage is caused by the larvae as they bore into the nodes and can reach 30 ton/ha/year. many control alternatives have been attempted, but none were satisfactory, except for the use of toxic baits. therefore, it is necessary to optimize their efficiency or to propose new techniques. the objective of the current study was to evaluate the attractiveness of adults of s. levis to su ...	2009	20098932
qualitative data analysis for an exploratory sensory study of grechetto wine.	grechetto is a traditional white-grape vine, widespread in umbria and lazio regions in central italy. despite the wine commercial diffusion, little literature on its sensory characteristics is available. the present study is an exploratory research conducted with the aim of identifying the sensory markers of grechetto wine and of evaluating the effect of clone, geographical area, vintage and producer on sensory attributes. a qualitative sensory study was conducted on 16 wines, differing for vint ...	2010	20103144
molecular phylogenetic diversity of dermatologic and other human pathogenic fusarial isolates from hospitals in northern and central italy.	fifty-eight fusaria isolated from 50 italian patients between 2004 and 2007 were subject to multilocus dna sequence typing to characterize the spectrum of species and circulating sequence types (sts) associated with dermatological infections, especially onychomycoses and paronychia, and other fusarioses in northern and central italy. sequence typing revealed that the isolates were nearly evenly divided among the fusarium solani species complex (fssc; n = 18), the f. oxysporum species complex (fo ...	2010	20107100
nitric oxide mediates the hormonal control of crassulacean acid metabolism expression in young pineapple plants.	genotypic, developmental, and environmental factors converge to determine the degree of crassulacean acid metabolism (cam) expression. to characterize the signaling events controlling cam expression in young pineapple (ananas comosus) plants, this photosynthetic pathway was modulated through manipulations in water availability. rapid, intense, and completely reversible up-regulation in cam expression was triggered by water deficit, as indicated by the rise in nocturnal malate accumulation and in ...	2010	20147491
the comparative study digestion and metabolism of nitrogen and purine derivatives in male, thai, swamp buffalo and thai, brahman cattle.	studies on in vivo digestion, rates of passages, metabolism of nitrogen, urinary purine derivative excretion and blood metabolites were carried out in thai brahman cattle and thai swamp buffaloes (16 months old). the animals were fed mixed diets based on pineapple (ananas comusus) waste silage containing urea-n (npn) and true protein from a concentrate (tp). the brahman cattle (310 +/- 15 kg) were heavier than the swamp buffaloes (195 +/- 9.4 kg) and had higher dry matter (dm), organic matter (o ...	2009	20163582
composition of essential oil of aerial parts of chamomilla suaveolens from estonia.	variations in the essential oil composition of aerial parts of pineapple weed (chamomilla suaveolens (pursh) rydb.) growing wild in estonia, were determined using gc/fid and gc/ms. forty-four components were identified, representing over 90% of the total oil. nine compounds have not been mentioned in the literature before. the principal biologically active compounds in c. suaveolens oils were (z)-en-yne-dicycloether (17.0-40.7%), (e)-beta-farnesene (19.5-32.2%), geranyl isovaleriate (8.4-18.4%), ...	2010	20184038
pilot-scale removal of chromium from industrial wastewater using the chromebac system.	the enzymatic reduction of cr(vi) to cr(iii) by cr(vi) resistant bacteria followed by chemical precipitation constitutes the chromebac system. acinetobacter haemolyticus was immobilized onto carrier material inside a 0.2m(3) bioreactor. neutralized electroplating wastewater with cr(vi) concentration of 17-81 mg l(-1) was fed into the bioreactor (0.11-0.33 m(3)h(-1)). complete cr(vi) reduction to cr(iii) was obtained immediately after the start of bioreactor operation. together with the flocculat ...	2010	20185301
the effect of acidic agents on surface ion leaching and surface characteristics of dental porcelains.	acidic food and sour fruits and drinks have been investigated for their destructive effects on enamel. however, their effect on porcelain restorations has not been widely examined.	2010	20188237
fate of escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella on fresh and frozen cut pineapples.	pineapples have been associated with outbreaks of escherichia coli and salmonella. little is known about the behavior of e. coli o157:h7 and salmonella on cut pineapple. the objectives of this study were to evaluate the fate of e. coli o157:h7 and salmonella on fresh and frozen cut pineapples and the influence of acid adaptation on salmonella survival on fresh cut pineapple at ambient storage (23 degrees c). cut pineapples were spot inoculated with a four-strain cocktail of e. coli o157:h7 or a ...	2010	20202325
influence of modified atmosphere packaging on volatile compounds and physicochemical and antioxidant attributes of fresh-cut pineapple (ananas comosus).	the effects of modified atmosphere packaging on volatile compound content and physicochemical and antioxidant attributes of gold cultivar fresh-cut pineapples were assessed throughout storage at 5 degrees c. fresh-cut pineapple pieces were packed under lo (low oxygen, 12% o(2), 1% co(2)), air (20.9% o(2)) and ho (high oxygen, 38% o(2)) headspace atmospheres. methyl butanoate, methyl 2-methylbutanoate, and methyl hexanoate were the most abundant volatiles regardless of the packaging atmosphere an ...	2010	20225823
taxonomic structure of the yeasts and lactic acid bacteria microbiota of pineapple (ananas comosus l. merr.) and use of autochthonous starters for minimally processing.	pichia guilliermondii was the only identified yeast in pineapple fruits. lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus rossiae were the main identified species of lactic acid bacteria. typing of lactic acid bacteria differentiated isolates depending on the layers. l. plantarum 1or12 and l. rossiae 2mr10 were selected within the lactic acid bacteria isolates based on the kinetics of growth and acidification. five technological options, including minimal processing, were considered for pineapple: heat ...	2010	20227603
free and bound auxin in the vegetative pineapple plant.		1947	20252516
glycemic index and glycemic load of selected chinese traditional foods.	to determine the glycemic index (gi) and glycemic load (gl) values of chinese traditional foods in hong kong.	2010	20333793
transcript analysis of parasitic females of the sedentary semi-endoparasitic nematode rotylenchulus reniformis.	rotylenchulus reniformis, the reniform nematode, is a sedentary semi-endoparasitic nematode capable of infecting >300 plant species, including a large number of crops such as cotton, soybean, and pineapple. in contrast to other economically important plant-parasitic nematodes, molecular genetic data regarding the r. reniformis transcriptome is virtually nonexistant. herein, we present a survey of r. reniformis ests that were sequenced from a sedentary parasitic female cdna library. cluster analy ...	2010	20346373
genome sequence of pantoea ananatis lmg20103, the causative agent of eucalyptus blight and dieback.	pantoea ananatis is a gram-negative plant pathogen that causes disease on a broad range of host plants, including pineapple, maize, rice, onion, melons, and eucalyptus, and has been implicated in several cases of human disease. here, we report the genome sequence of p. ananatis lmg20103 isolated from diseased eucalyptus in south africa.	2010	20348253
utilization of wastewater originated from naturally fermented virgin coconut oil manufacturing process for bioextract production: physico-chemical and microbial evolution.	production of virgin coconut oil via natural fermentation has led to large amount of wastes being generated, i.e., coconut pulp and wastewater containing coconut crème. objective of this study is to gain more insight into the feasibility of utilization of such wastes as raw materials together with several types of wastes such as fish waste and/or pineapple peel for bioextract production. chemical, physico-chemical and biological changes including phytotoxicity of the fermented mixture were close ...	2010	20362440
chemical examination of citrus sinensis flavedo variety pineapple.	phytochemical examination of citrus sinensis flavedo var. pineapple resulted in the isolation of six compounds characterized as tetracosane, ethyl pentacosanoate, tetratriacontanoic acid, tangertin, beta-sitosteryl-beta-d-glucoside and 3,5,4'-trihydroxy-7,3'-dimethoxy flavanone 3-o-beta-glucoside. of these 3,5,4'-trihydroxy-7,3'-dimethoxy flavanone 3-o-beta-glucoside is a hitherto unreported compound.	2009	20376223
effects of acetic acid, ethanol, and so(2) on the removal of volatile acidity from acidic wines by two saccharomyces cerevisiae commercial strains.	herein, we report the influence of different combinations of initial concentration of acetic acid and ethanol on the removal of acetic acid from acidic wines by two commercial saccharomyces cerevisiae strains s26 and s29. both strains reduced the volatile acidity of an acidic wine (1.0 gl(-1) acetic acid and 11% (v/v) ethanol) by 78% and 48%, respectively. acetic acid removal by strains s26 and s29 was associated with a decrease in ethanol concentration of 0.7 and 1.2% (v/v), respectively. strai ...	2010	20390413
autochthonous yeasts associated with mature pineapple fruits, freshly crushed juice and their ferments; and the chemical changes during natural fermentation.	this study investigated autochthonous yeasts and their functions in the spontaneous fermentation of freshly crushed pineapple juice samples collected from two different areas of both thailand and australia. hanseniaspora uvarum and pichia guilliermondii were the main yeast species observed on the fruit skins of thai samples, and also in the fresh juice and ferments of all samples from both countries. p. guilliermondii was consistently present as the dominant species during the early stage of the ...	2010	20462752
[determination of amitrole in agricultural products by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].	a high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method (hplc-ms/ms) was developed for the analysis of amitrole residues in agricultural products. the samples were extracted by 25% acetone for wheat, fish, pork and liver samples, 1% acetic acid-25% acetone for maize and peanut samples, 1% acetic acid solution for honeysuckle, the powder of ginger, the powder of bunge prickly ash and tea leaves samples, 1% acetic acid solution-dichloromethane for apple, pineapple, spinach, carrot ...	2010	20549983
phytophthora cinnamomi.	summary phytophthora cinnamomi rands was first isolated from cinnamon trees in sumatra in 1922. the pathogen is believed to have originated near papua new guinea but now has a worldwide distribution. p. cinnamomi is heterothallic with a1 and a2 mating types; however, even in areas in which both mating types are present, it appears that genetic diversity arises asexually rather than as a result of sexual recombination. p. cinnamomi can grow saprophytically in the soil for long periods, rapidly ca ...	2005	20565682
molecular characterization of fusarium subglutinans associated with mango malformation.	abstract mango malformation is a serious disease of mangifera indica in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. this disease is caused by fusarium subglutinans, which is also associated with diseases on many other hosts, such as pineapple, pine, maize and sugarcane. the f. subglutinans strains associated with different hosts are virtually indistinguishable using morphological characters, but can be easily differentiated using histone and beta-tubulin gene sequencing, and some have subsequ ...	2000	20572965
cell wall alterations in the leaves of fusariosis-resistant and susceptible pineapple cultivars.	fusariosis, caused by the fungus fusarium subglutinans f. sp. ananas (syn. f. guttiforme), is one of the main phytosanitary threats to pineapple (ananas comosus var. comosus). identification of plant cell responses to pathogens is important in understanding the plant-pathogen relationship and establishing strategies to improve and select resistant cultivars. studies of the structural properties and phenolic content of cell walls in resistant (vitoria) and susceptible (perola) pineapple cultivars ...	2010	20607243
potential mechanisms of hypocholesterolaemic effect of thai spices/dietary extracts.	several thai spices/dietary ingredients were previously shown to have hypocholesterolaemic effects. these studies were mostly conducted in animal models in which the mechanisms of action were not yet well-established. therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism of hypocholesterolaemic action of 12 selected plants, namely hibiscus sabdariffa l., moringa oleifera lam., cucurbita moschata duchesne, ananas comosus (l.) merr., zingiber officinale, morus alba l., camellia sinens ...	2011	20623425
bromelain in the early phase of healing in acute crush achilles tendon injury.	bromelain, an enzyme extracted from the stem of the pineapple plant has been proposed as a treatment for reducing pain and swelling following acute muscle injuries but studies are yet to be done on its effect on tendon healing. this study therefore investigated the effects of bromelain on tenocyte proliferation and the tendon malondialdehyde (mda) level in the early stage of healing in a crush injury to the achilles tendon of sprague-dawley rats. twenty four male rats were divided randomly into ...	2011	20623610
[development of mixed drink of coconut water, pineapple and acerola pulp].	the purpose of the present work was to develop a blended beverage based on green coconut (cocos nucifera l.) water, pineapple (ananas comosus) and acerola (malpighia emarginata d. c.) pulps as a ready to drink product, combining the sensory acceptance, nutritional and functional compounds of these fruits. ten formulations of mixed beverages were evaluated with regard physicochemical determinations, functional compounds and sensorial attributes. since here was no significative change in the accep ...	2009	20677460
3'-coterminal subgenomic rnas and putative cis-acting elements of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 reveals 'unique' features of gene expression strategy in the genus ampelovirus.	the family closteroviridae comprises genera with monopartite genomes, closterovirus and ampelovirus, and with bipartite and tripartite genomes, crinivirus. by contrast to closteroviruses in the genera closterovirus and crinivirus, much less is known about the molecular biology of viruses in the genus ampelovirus, although they cause serious diseases in agriculturally important perennial crops like grapevines, pineapple, cherries and plums.	2010	20682046
brief report: significant differences in perceived odor pleasantness found in children with asd.	the aim of our study was to explore possible differences in estimation of odor pleasantness in children with autism spectrum disorders (asd) compared to controls. thirty-five patients with asperger's syndrome and high functioning autism (mean age 10.8 ± 3.6 years; 31 boys) were compared with 35 healthy control subjects (mean age 10.4 ± 2.4 years; 28 boys). odor pleasantness was assessed on a 5-point scale using the sniffin' sticks test (identification part of the test). patients with asd, compar ...	2011	20697793
fruits and vegetables protect against the genotoxicity of heterocyclic aromatic amines activated by human xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes expressed in immortal mammalian cells.	heterocyclic aromatic amines (haas) can be formed during the cooking of meat and fish at elevated temperatures and are associated with an increased risk for cancer. on the other hand, epidemiological findings suggest that foods rich in fruits and vegetables can protect against cancer. in the present study three teas, two wines, and the juices of 15 fruits and 11 vegetables were investigated for their protective effect against the genotoxic effects of 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (iq) ...	2010	20713174
evaluation of anti-quorum-sensing activity of edible plants and fruits through inhibition of the n-acyl-homoserine lactone system in chromobacterium violaceum and pseudomonas aeruginosa.	to find out an alternative strategy to antibiotic usage against bacterial infection.	2010	20720417
sensory profile of a model energy drink with varying levels of functional ingredients-caffeine, ginseng, and taurine.	energy drinks have increased in popularity in recent years due to the claimed energy boost provided by functional ingredients. a multitude of functional ingredients have been utilized; however, there is limited research on their sensory effects in energy drink formulations. a 13-member descriptive analysis panel was conducted to investigate the effects on the sensory and rheological properties of 3 common functional ingredients-caffeine, ginseng, and taurine-in a noncarbonated model energy drink ...	2010	20722948
reduction of voc emission from natural flours filled biodegradable bio-composites for automobile interior.	various experiments, such as the thermal extract (te) method, field and emission cell (flec) method and 20 l small chamber, were performed to examine the total volatile organic compound (tvoc) emissions from bio-composites. the tvoc of neat poly(lactic acid) (pla) was ranged from 0.26 mg/m(2)h to 4.11 mg/m(2)h with increasing temperature. for both pla bio-composites with pineapple flour and destarched cassava flour, the temperature increased from 0.30 mg/m(2)h to 3.72 mg/m(2)h and from 0.19 mg/m ...	2011	20739121
degradability of fluorapatite-leucite ceramics in naturally acidic agents.	this study was conducted to evaluate the titratable acidity and effect of naturally acidic agents on the surface microhardness, elemental composition, and surface morphology of fluorapatite-leucite ceramics. one hundred and ten ceramic disks (ips d.sign), 12.0 mm in diameter and 2.0 mm in thickness, were fabricated. before immersion, the baseline data of vickers microhardness and elemental composition were recorded. four groups were immersed in acidic agents (citrate buffer solution, green mango ...	2010	20827032
alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris in pasteurized exotic brazilian fruit juices: isolation, genotypic characterization and heat resistance.	in this study, the population of alicyclobacillus spp. was estimated in pasteurized exotic brazilian fruit juices using the most probable number (mpn) technique followed by biochemical tests. pasteurized passion fruit (n = 57) and pineapple (n = 50) juices were taken directly from brazilian manufacturers. while alicyclobacillus spp. was isolated from passion fruit juice, the microorganism was not found in any pineapple juice samples. a higher incidence of alicyclobacillus was observed in samples ...	2010	20832679
sulfur-containing constituents and one 1h-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid derivative from pineapple [ananas comosus (l.) merr.] fruit.	two sulfur-containing compounds, (s)-2-amino-5-((r)-1-carboxy-2-((e)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)allylthio)ethyl-amino)-5-oxopentanoic acid (1) and (s)-2-amino-5-((r)-1-(carboxymethylamino)-3-((e)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)allylthio)-1-oxopropan-2-ylamino)-5-oxopentanoic acid (2), and one 1h-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid derivative, 6-(3-(1h-pyrrole-2-carbonyloxy)-2-hydroxypropoxy)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-tetrahydro-2h-pyran-2-carboxylic acid (3), together with eighteen known phenolic compounds, were isolated fr ...	2010	20843530
dietary supplementation with fresh pineapple juice decreases inflammation and colonic neoplasia in il-10-deficient mice with colitis.	bromelain, a mixture of proteolytic enzymes typically derived from pineapple stem, decreases production of proinflammatory cytokines and leukocyte homing to sites of inflammation. we previously showed that short-term oral treatment with bromelain purified from pineapple stem decreased the severity of colonic inflammation in c57bl/6 il10(-/-) mice with chronic colitis. since fresh pineapple fruit contains similar bromelain enzymes but at different proportions, this study aimed to determine whethe ...	2010	20848493
pineapple bromelain induces autophagy, facilitating apoptotic response in mammary carcinoma cells.	bromelain, from pineapple, possesses potent anticancer effects. we investigated autophagic phenomenon in mammary carcinoma cells (estrogen receptor positive and negative) under bromelain treatment and also illustrated the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis in mcf-7 cells. mcf-7 cells exposed to bromelain showed delayed growth inhibitory response and induction of autophagy, identified by monodansylcadaverine localization. it was succeeded by apoptotic cell death, evident by sub-g1 cell ...	2013	20848558
modification of pineapple peel fiber as metal ion adsorbent through reaction with succinic anhydride in pyridine and dimethyl sulfoxide solvents.	reactions between saponified pineapple peel fiber (sppf) and succinic anhydride were performed in refluxed pyridine and dimethyl sulfoxide to obtain modified pineapple peel fiber in pyridine (mppf-py) and modified pineapple peel fiber in dimethyl sulfoxide at room temperature (mppf-dmrt) and at 70 degrees c (mppf-dm70) as novel metal ionic adsorbents. the modified pineapple peel fibers were characterized by fourier transform infrared (ftir) and x-ray diffraction (xrd). the mppf-py, mppf-dmrt, an ...	2010	20853752
stability of pycnogenol® as an ingredient in fruit juices subjected to in vitro gastrointestinal digestion.	the enrichment of fruit juices with concentrated polyphenolic extracts is an expedient strategy to compensate possible phenolic loss through gastrointestinal processing. pycnogenol, a standardised procyanidin-rich extract from pine bark, has been proposed as a potential candidate for polyphenol enrichment of foods. in this study the effects of in vitro digestion on the phenolic profile of fruit juices enriched with pycnogenol were investigated.	2011	20872816
fusarium ananatum sp. nov. in the gibberella fujikuroi species complex from pineapples with fruit rot in south africa.	pineapple (ananas comosus) is native to south america and widely planted as a fruit crop in the tropics and sub-tropics. this plant is susceptible to a number of fungal diseases of which the most severe is fusariosis. the disease is caused by fusarium guttiforme and occurs only in south and central america. the occurrence of a similar disease on pineapples in south africa has prompted a re-evaluation of the fusarium sp. associated with pineapple fruit rot. phylogenetic relationships of isolates ...	2010	20943163
inheritance of three leaf types in the pineapple.		1946	20985732
methyl bromide for control of the pineapple mealybug.		1945	21008240
studies on vitamin content of canned pineapple.		2016	21025058
improved characterization of the botanical origin of sugar by carbon-13 snif-nmr applied to ethanol.	until now, no analytical method, not even isotopic ones, had been able to differentiate between sugars coming from c4-metabolism plants (cane, maize, etc.) and some crassulacean acid metabolism plants (e.g., pineapple, agave) because in both cases the isotope distributions of the overall carbon-13/carbon-12 and site-specific deuterium/hydrogen isotope ratios are very similar. following recent advances in the field of quantitative isotopic carbon-13 nmr measurements, a procedure for the analysis ...	2010	21028824
specificity of monoclonal antibodies to strains of dickeya sp. that cause bacterial heart rot of pineapple.	during a severe outbreak of bacterial heart rot that occurred in pineapple plantations on oahu, hawaii, in 2003 and years following, 43 bacterial strains were isolated from diseased plants or irrigation water and identified as erwinia chrysanthemi (now dickeya sp.) by phenotypic, molecular, and pathogenicity assays. rep-pcr fingerprint patterns grouped strains from pineapple plants and irrigation water into five genotypes (a-e) that differed from representatives of other dickeya species, pectoba ...	2010	21050038
simultaneous analysis of amino acids and carboxylic acids by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry using an acidic electrolyte and uncoated fused-silica capillary.	a simple, low-cost capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (ce-ms) method is demonstrated for the simultaneous analysis of amino acids and small carboxylic acids (glycerate, lactate, fumarate, succinate, malate, tartrate, citrate, iso-citrate, cis-aconitate, and shikimate). all ce-ms experiments were performed using a single uncoated fused-silica capillary and with a single separation electrolyte, formic acid. for ce polarity, the ce inlet was set as the anode, and the ms side was set as the ...	2010	21080676