Publications

propionicins, bacteriocins produced by propionibacterium avidum.	one hundred strains of propionibacterium acnes, granulosum and avidum were tested for susceptibility toward bacteriocins produced extracellularly by eight strains of propionibacterium avidum. some bacteriocin-producing strains were inhibitory for all strains tested. a name propionicins, is proposed for bacteriocins produced by p. avidum.	1978	726736
effect of glucan and other adjuvants on the clearance of radiolabeled tumor cells from mouse lungs.	the iv injection of two forms of glucan (diluzio and yamamura), corynebacterium parvum, or bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) caused a significant increase in the rate and extent of clearance of subsequently injected radiolabeled t1699 carcinoma cells from the lungs of syngeneic dba2 mice. dose-response curves were obtained for each agent, the relative rates of clearance of radiolabeled cells were established, and preliminary sequential comparative studies were undertaken. the optimum dose for c. pa ...	1978	728905
comparative effects of corynebacterium parvum, brucella abortus extract, bacillus calmette-guérin, glucan, levamisole, and tilorone with or without cyclophosphamide on tumor growth, macrophage production, and macrophage cytotoxicity in a murine mammary tumor model.	in this laboratory, it has been repeatedly demonstrated (using a murine mammary tumor model) that the combination of cyclophosphamide (cy) and corynebacterium parvum (cp) is more effective than either agent alone in the control of tumor growth. this paper presents information obtained in our model comparing findings on the effects of cp with a brucella abortus extract (bru-pel; bp) and glucan (gl) on tumor growth. in addition, the influence of those agents as well as bacillus calmette-guérin, ti ...	1978	728912
effect of topical application of dexamethasone on propionibacteria in the pilosebaceous duct.	a preparation of dexamethasone 0.02% in eutanol g (n octyldodecanol) was applied once daily for three weeks, to the right side of the forehead of 25 male healthy test subjects. eutanol g without dexamethasone was applied in the same way to the left side of the forehead. before and at the end of the treatment period bacteria were removed from the pilo-sebaceous ducts by the method of holland et al. [8]. bacteria that grew under anaerobic conditions were evaluated quantitatively. dexamethasone ind ...	1978	729607
saprophytic bacterial flora in the sebaceous gland infundibulum in diabetes mellitus.		1978	736608
propionibacteria as a cause of shunt and postneurosurgical infections.	propionibacterium acnes was isolated from postoperative specimens from nine neurosurgical patients. the role of p. acnes in postneurosurgical infection is discussed.	1978	739055
studies on putative adult worm-derived vaccines and adjuvants for protection against schistosoma mansoni infection in mice.	intraperitoneal transfer of viable adult worms of schistosoma mansoni did not confer protection against a challenge infection to recipient mice. antigens of schistosome origin were evaluated for their ability, with and without concomitantly administered nonspecific adjuvants, to stimulate protective immunity against s. mansoni. freshly perfused ground worms or a putative membrane antigen extracted with 0.5 m kc1 from adult worms, when injected together with corynebacterium parvum (or in a single ...	1978	739318
purification and properties of a bacteriocin-like substance (acnecin) of oral propionibacterium acnes.	propionibacterium acnes cn-8, isolated from human dental plaque, was grown in a liquid medium, and its bacteriocin-like substance (acnecin) was extracted from the cells by ultrasonic treatment. acnecin was purified to a homogeneous state with recovery of 47%. specific activity increased 72-fold in comparison with the crude extract. the properties of acnecin were as follows. (i) acnecin may consist of five subunits with a molecular weight of about 12,000. (ii) its isoelectric point was 5.5. (iii) ...	1978	742876
a bladder tumor model response to immunotherapy.	the author presented results of bcg and corynebacterium parvum treatment of the transplantable mouse fanft bladder tumor carried in the host's leg. a comparison was made of the results of treatment with bcg alone and c. parvum alone or either used in conjunction with cytoxan upon effectiveness in increasing animal survival and retarding tumor growth.	1978	748789
local corynebacterium parvum therapy in early breast cancer: a pilot study.		1978	750126
studies on resistance to marek's disease tumorigenesis: effect of immune stimulation, tumour-cell vaccines, and herpesvirus of turkeys on tumour immunity.		1978	751899
effect of corynebacterium parvum on hemopoietic stem-cell kinetics.	the intravenous administration of 548 microgram of killed corynebacterium parvum (c. parvum) into c57bl mice leads to a significant decrease in the number of bone-marrow colony-forming-units in spleen (cfus) as early as 12 h after the injection of the bacterium. this decrease persisted in varying degrees for 3 weeks. after an initial fall at 24 h, the splenic cfus exhibited a rapid expansion and reached values 10 times higher than the control range on the ninth day. a significant rise in the num ...	1979	759377
selective antibacterial action of 2-mercaptoethanol on propionibacteria in skin cultures.	2-mercaptoethanol applied to the surface of agar medium had a selective antibacterial effect on propionibacterium acnes and propionibacterium granulosum without interfering with the growth of peptococcus saccharolyticus or staphylococci in anaerobic cultures of skin or in pure cultures. in aerobic broth culture, 2-mercaptoethanol inhibited aerobes and stimulated anaerobes, consistent with its action as a reducing agent.	1979	760636
effects of dose and schedule of immune stimulant on efficacy of combination corynebacterium parvum-cyclophosphamide treatment for a murine mammary adenocarcinoma.	certain variables which might influence the outcome of combining cytotoxic drug and immune stimulant therapy were studied to optimize the effectiveness of corynebacterium parvum combined with cyclophosphamide (cy) as treatment for a murine mammary adenocarcinoma (cad2). optimal effects of combined c. parvum-cy treatment in the cad2 system were obtained when 443 to 1400 microgram of this immune stimulant per mouse were injected 2 to 3 days after cy chemotherapy and when combination treatment was ...	1979	761179
proceedings: influence of cornyebacterium parvum and of anti-lymphocyte serum (als) on bone marrow transplantation in small rodents.		1975	766804
serum lysozyme as a marker of host resistance. i. production by macrophages resident in rat sarcomata.	with progressive growth of syngeneic sarcomata in rats there was a rise in serum levels of lysozyme which correlated with their immunogenicity and their macrophage content. by an examination of lymph/blood differences in normal and in tumour bearing rats and of the production of lysozyme by cells obtained from the tumours and maintained in vitro, it is apparent that the macrophages resident in a tumour mass make a massive contribution to the elevation in serum lysozyme concentrations. tumour cel ...	1976	766806
proceedings: the effect of bacille calmette-guérin (bcg) and corynebacterium parvum on the development of spontaneous mouse mammary carcinoma.		1976	766891
immunology and lung cancer.	carcinoma of the lung is the number one cancer killer in the united states. the overall cure rate is about 10%, and although resection is the best treatment available, five-year survival following operation is only 25%. recent studies have shown that patients with lung cancer are immunosuppressed but that pulmonary tumors do contain tumor-associated antigens. studies of other human tumors indicate that immunotherapy can augment tumor immunity and can be an effective surgical adjuvant. this commu ...	1976	769714
immunogenicity of a rat leukaemia of spontaneous origin (sal).	the sal rat leukaemia, which resembles acute myeloblastic leukaemia, appeared initially to be non-immunogenic since resistance to an i.p. challenge with as few as 100 cells could not be obtained using stimulation of the res or by immunization with sal cells exposed to x-rays, nitrogen mustard, iodoacetate or glutaraldehyde. however, immunization with sal cells exposed to low doses of mitomycin-c slowed the growth of the challenge inoculum. cells treated with high doses of mitomycin-c did not imm ...	1976	769814
nonspecific immunotherapy by corynebacterium parvum: phase i toxicity study in 12 patients with advanced cancer.	corynebacterium parvum, a non-specific immunopotentiator, was administered intravenously to 12 patients with advanced cancer at 2, 3, and 4 mg/m2 dose levels in combination with radiation therapy. one dose of c. parvum was given every 7 days for a total of 4 doses in 21 days. symptoms and signs developed by these patients for a period of 3 to 6 hours during and shortly after the i.v. infusion of the first dose of c. parvum were moderately severe in nine patients and mild in three patients. for t ...	1976	769937
phase i study of corynebacterium parvum in patients with solid tumors.	nineteen patients with various solid tumors were treated with corynebacterium parvum for 10 consecutive days at doses ranging from 0.5 to 6 mg/m2. major toxic effects included rigors and cyanosis, hypertension, headache, nausea, and vomiting. toxicity was maximal during the first 3 days of treatment and decreased or even disappeared when, on subsequent days, increasing doses of the vaccine were given. objective tumor regressions were observed in four patients.	1975	769953
bacillus calmette-guérin immunotherapy in combination with dtic (nsc-45388) for the treatment of malignant melanoma.	combination studies of immunotherapy and dtic chemotherapy for patients with malignant melanoma are described. at our institute the combination of bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) with dtic, or dtic plus methyl-ccnu, has resulted in augmentation of remissions in areas regional to bcg immunization, prolongation of chemotherapy-induced remissions, and significant prolongation of survival compared to the use of dtic chemotherapy without immunotherapy. data from other centers have shown that augmentat ...	1976	769970
the role of macrophages in the adjuvant effect on antibody production of corynebacterium parvum.	spleen cells from mice pre-treated with c. parvum gave an enhanced in vitro antibody response to srbc, but not to dnp-pol. this enhancing activity was associated with the adherent, but not the non-adherent spleen cell population and was found to be radioresistant. it is concluded that macrophages are directly involved in the adjuvant effect of c. parvum and the possible mechanisms of action are discussed.	1976	770033
"xenogeneic resistance" to rat bone marrow transplantation. iii. maturation age, and abrogation with cyclophosphamide, corynebacterium parvum and fractionated irradiation.	lethally irradiated c57 bl/6 mice and (c57 x a) f1 hybrids fail to accept doses of rat bone marrow cells (5 x 10(6)) which give confluent splenic repopulation in "non-resistant" strains of mice. this phenomenon has been termed "xenogeneic resistance" (xr). xr in (c57 x a) f1 mice can be overridden by a very large inoculum of rat bone marrow (26 x 10(6) cells). xr is not manifest in mice of a resistant strain at ages of 18 days or younger, but is manifest at ages of 22 days and older. xr can be a ...	1976	773442
overview of tumor immunology in gynecologic oncology.	highlights of recent advances in the field of gynecologic tumor immunology are presented in an effort to demonstrate that at least some cancers of the female genitalia evoke an immune response that can be quantitated in the laboratory. the overview will discuss investigations into the various in vitro assays of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. the concept of clinical testing of delayed hypersensitivity reactions as it relates to the clinical outcome of the patients with malignancy is pre ...	1976	776391
the effect of hydrocortisone on the immune response of mice treated with corynebacterium parvum.		1976	776469
enhancement of tissue invasion in murine aspergillosis by systemic administration of suspensions of killed corynebacterium parvum.	the effect of killed corynebacterium parvum vaccine on the course of murine aspergillosis is described. a grid-counting technique was employed to quantitate tissue invasion by aspergillus nidulans in the brain, heart, and kidneys (the target organs) of normal mice and of mice treated systemically with killed c. parvum vaccine. simultaneous treatment of mice with c. parvum and a. nidulans significantly increased the mortality rate, in contrast to treatment of mice with c. parvum prior to or follo ...	1976	779492
augmentation of specific macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity: correlations with agents which enhance antitumor resistance.		1976	782731
immunotherapy of cancer in man.		1976	786091
combined treatment of rodent fibrosarcoma by radiotherapy and immune adjuvant.		1976	786964
the immunobiology of colorectal cancer.		1976	793017
immunotherapy of cancer in man: current status and prospectus.		1976	793477
design of phase-i trials of immunopotentiators for cancer therapy: levamisole and corynebacterium parvum.		1976	793480
characteristics of bacteria isolated by the anaerobic roll-tube method from cheeses and ground beef.	in this study the methods of hungate were used to quantitate the anaerobic bacteria present in commercially available ground beef, cheddar cheese, and german hand cheese. of 235 anaerobic roll-tube isolates from ground beef and german hand cheese, all were facultative anaerobes. of 213 anaerobic roll-tube isolates from cheddar cheese, 91% were facultative anaerobes and 9% were obligate anaerobes. using results of biochemical tests, 14 or the 17 obligately anaerobic isolates from cheddar cheese w ...	1976	793523
relationship between intradermal tumor suppression and tumor immunity.	intradermal (id) injection of three tumor-immune stimulant mixtures (lstra-bcg, 13762a-bcg, cad2-corynebacterium parvum) was superior to the sc site for suppression of tumor growth: suppression of lstra-bcg mixtures was even less efficient after an ip or iv injectiouppression at all four sites. in the lstra-bcg model, the id site was not uniquely favorable for either the afferent or efferent limb of the immune response; the other sites produced equally effectiveimmunization or rejection of tumor ...	1976	794505
immunotherapy of gastrointestinal cancer: the potential.		1976	798647
immunocompetence, immunodeficiency and prognosis in cancer.	immunocompetence and prognosis are related in solid tumors, malignant lymphomas, and acute leukemia. among the parameters of immunocompetence vigorous delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to recall antigens or to primary immunization with keyhole limpet hemocyanin, vigorous in vitro lymphocyte blastogenic responses to mitogens such as pha, and relatively high b-lymphocyte levels, all correlate with a good prognosis. the spectrum of immune reactivity as measured by established delayed-type hyp ...	1976	800324
biological activities of propionibacterium acnes from the human oral cavity--dermal toxicity and res-stimulating activity.		1976	802175
effect of corynebacterium parvum on the course of a listeria monocytogenes infection in normal and congenitally athymic (nude) mice.	spleen counts of listeria monocytogenes in normal mice challenged with various numbers of organisms were generally lower in mice injected 3 days previously with killed corynebacterium parvum. this increased resistance was unexpected since c. parvum generally inhibits t cell-mediated immunity, the functional immunity against listeria being t cell-dependent. the inhibitory effect on t cells seemed to be compensated by the stimulatory effect of c. parvum on macrophages. therefore, the experiments w ...	1975	808049
potentiation of the tumor-specific immune response by corynebacterium parvum.	strong, specific, cell-mediated antitumor immunity resulted from the sc injection into mice of corynebacterium parvum (cp) mixed with irradiated cells from mastocytoma p815 (ma), whereas injection of irradiated ma alone was without effect. maximum immunity was achieved with small doses of cp, and the injection sites of cp and irradiated ma did not need to be coincident but required common lymphoid drainage for immunity to result. the process was largely t-cell dependent but not dependent on the ...	1975	808637
[effect of immunostimulation by corynebacterium parvum on evolution and metastatic dissemination of lewis's tumor in mouse c57bl/6 mice].	treatment with corynebacterium parvum (c. parvum) produces a significant prolongation of survival time of lewis tumor bearing animals and reduces strikingly the incidence of pulmonary metastasis in syngeneic c57bl/6 mice. on the other hand, treatment with imuran, a known immunodepressive agent, reduces survival time and facilitates metastatic dissemination in the same model.	1975	809167
dichotomy between macrophage activation and degree of protection against listeria monocytogenes and toxoplasma gondii in mice stimulated with corynebacterium parvum.	in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to determine the effect of corynebacterium parvum treatment of mice on resistance of listeria monocytogenes and toxoplasma gondii. intravenous immunization with c. parvum conferred transient protection against intravenous challenge with listeria or an avirulent strain of toxoplasma but did not protect against a virulent strain of toxoplasma. compared with the level of protection conferred by c. parvum, a higher degree of resistance was noted when m ...	1975	811563
enhancement of resistance and suppression of immunization against experimental trypanosoma cruzi infection by corynebacterium parvum.	intravenous but not intraperitoneal injection of killed corynebacterium parvum either before or after intraperitoneal infection with the highly reticulotropic tulahuén strain of trypanosoma cruzi produced enhanced resistance against the infection in mice. in contrast, c. parvum had no effect when the infection was caused with the predominately myotropic y strain of t. cruzi. c. parvum given intravenously before immunization with killed culture forms of the y strain parasite consistently diminish ...	1975	811568
chemical and immunological studies on the cell walls of propionibacterium acnes strain c7 and corynebacterium parvum atcc 11829.	the chemical and immunological properties of the cell walls prepared from the cells of anaerobic coryneforms, propionibacterium acnes c7 and corynebacterium parvum atcc 11829, were partially investigated. the cell walls prepared from p. acnes c7 and c. parvum atcc 11829 were composed of fatty acids, polysaccharides consisting glucose, galactose and mannose and mucopeptides consisting mainly of alanine, glutamic acid, alpha, epsilon-diaminopimelic acid, glycine, muramic acid and glucosamine. as t ...	1975	811835
the effect of gold salts on tumour immunity and its stimulation by corynebacterium parvum.	the anti-inflammatory agent sodium aurothiomalate appears to act upon mononuclear phagocytes, inhibiting their lysosomal enzyme activity. evidence is presented that gold salts can increase the number of lung tumour nodules that develop following intravenous injection of tumour cells and pretreatment can enhance the take of a subcutaneous tumour inoculum. in contrast, they do not affect the later growth of tumour. gold salts can also suppress the action of systemically administered c. parvum in i ...	1975	813755
failure of corynebacterium parvum presensitization to modify the antitumor effects of systemic and local therapeutic injections of c. parvum in mice.	the therapeutic effects of iv and intralesional injection of corynebacterium parvum against mastocytoma p815 in mice, presentized and showing marked delayed hypersensitivity to c. parvum, were no different from those in unimmunized controls.	1976	815560
level of redox potential as a possible contributing influence in the pathogenicity of oral anaerobes.	dental plaque anaerobes may be associated with the etiology of periodontal disease. this has created an interest in the potential pathogenicity of oral anaerobes. we compared the metabolic activity of anaerobic corynebacteria (c. parvum, c. anaerobium) and corresponding aerobic species (c. diphtheriae, c. xerosis). the anaerobes exhibited lower levels of rna synthesis, ranging from 5 to 10 fold over the aerobes. we further examined these anaerobes, plus actinomyces naeslundi n16 (isolated from t ...	1975	816253
[effect of corynebacterium parvum on murine cultured bone marrow cells].	the administration of corynebacterium parvum (c. parvum) stimulates in the mouse the bone marrow colony forming cell compartment in two stages. the first stage reaches pic values one day after two consecutive injections and the second, more important stage, reaches a pic at the 9th day which lasts over 27 days. there is no evidence that this effect is related to the liberation of csf.	1976	816561
effect of cytochalasin b on the adhesion of mouse peritoneal macrophages.	the adhesion of normal mouse macrophages to glass surfaces was reduced by nontoxic levels (1-50 mug/ml) of cytochalasin b in combination with a centrifugal force (1,000-8,000 g). macrophages nonspecifically activated by corynebacterium acnes were also detached by this treatment, but less effectively. the effects of cytochalasin b treatment on these cells were shown to be reversible. after detachment, the cells reattached to glass, appeared morphologically normal, and behaved like untreated cells ...	1976	816801
mitogenicity of corynebacterium parvum for mouse lymphocytes.	corynebacterium parvum, a powerful in vivo immunostimulant, is shown to stimulate lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. c. parvum is mitogenic for b lymphocytes and does not stimulate t cells. the mitogenicity is dependent on the presence of macrophages. c. diphtheriae and another strain of c. parvum, both of which are devoid of adjuvant, res stimulation, and tumour-inhibiting activities in vivo are nevertheless mitogenic. a lipid-free fraction from c. parvum, which retains in vivo immunostimulator ...	1975	817854
stimulation of the non-specific resistance by corynebacterium parvum and bacillus calmette guérin.	the effect of pretreatment of intravenously administered killed corynebacterium parvum (cp) and living bcg was studied in various model systems. both vaccines caused an increased resistance to listeria monocytogenes, indicating macrophage activation. only cp exerted a suppressive effect on t-cell-mediated immunological phenomena (skin allograft survival; antibody production to tetanus toxoid; expulsion of adult t. spiralis worms from intestine). results of experiments with congenitally athymic ( ...	1976	821172
the effects of activated macrophages on tumor target cells: escape from cytostasis.		1976	821620
mitogenic activity of the cell walls of mycobacteria, nocardia, corynebacteria and anaerobic coryneforms.	the mitogenic activity of the cell walls prepared from mycobacterium bovis bcg, nocardia rubra, corynebacterium diphtheriae pw8, and four species of propionibacterium, corynebacterium parvum atcc 11829, propionibacterium acnes c7, propionibacterium granulosum atcc 25564 and propionibacterium avidum atcc 25577, were investigated. these cell walls were active as mitogens on normal spleen cells, anti-o sera-treated spleen cells, macrophage-depleted spleen cells of c57bl/6j mice and cortisone-treate ...	1976	824484
interaction of tumor cells and activated macrophages in vitro: modulation by corynebacterium parvum and gold salt.		1976	825644
antitumor antibodies and immunoglobulin class and subclass levels in corynebacterium parvum-treated mice.	changes in immunoglobulin class and subclass levels and the development of antitumor antibodies were assessed in normal and tumor-bearing mice challenged with corynebacterium parvum. c. parvum administration resulted in a marked increase in certain immunoglobulin levels, especially ig g2b, and in the development of antibodies reacting with syngeneic and allogeneic tumor cells. the serologic changes induced by c. parvum were dependent on the dose and route of administration; preliminary studies s ...	1976	825650
specific and nonspecific antitumor immunity. iii. specific t lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis of p815 mastocytoma and sl2 lymphoma by draining lymph node cells from syngeneic tumor-bearing dba/2j mice.	tumor-specific cytolytic activity, as measured by the 51cr release assay, has been demonstrated in the draining lymph node cells from dba/2 mice bearing the syngeneic p815 mastocytoma or sl2 lymphoma. this lytic activity is mediated by cytolytic t lymphocytes (ctl), since cytotoxicity is eliminated by treatment of the effector cells with anti-thy 1.2 (theta) serum plus complement but is enhanced or unaffected by anti-thy 1.2 serum alone, antimouse immunoglobulin plus complement, normal or aggreg ...	1976	826167
organ distribution of corynebacterium parvum labeled with iodine-125.	administration of iv, ip, single sc, multiple sc, and footpad injections of [125i]corynebacterium parvum in mice revealed different patterns of radioactive vaccine distribution in various organs. high deposition and retention were found in the liver, spleen, and gastrointestinal tract and less in the lungs, kidneys, thymus, and bone marrow. control animals given 125i showed very rapid clearance of the isotope and no retention in the organs. the pattern of distribution of [125i]c. parvum could be ...	1977	833877
systemic therapy for metastatic breast cancer.	the data reviewed in this conference suggest that initial therapeutic decisions for patients with metastic breast cancer be based on the presence or absence of an estrogen receptor in the tumor. patients with estrogen receptor in their original primary breast cancer or in a subsequent metastitic lesion are candidates for hormonal manipulation, whereas patients lacking estrogen receptor in their tumor are treated for their metastic disease with nonhormonal chemotherapy. nonhormonal therapy usuall ...	1977	835932
susceptibility of propionibacterium acnes to seventeen antibiotics.	the in vitro susceptibility of 96 isolates of propionibacterium acnes to 17 antibiotics was determined by utilizing an agar dilution technique. with the exception of the aminoglycosides, these organisms are susceptible to virtually all of the commonly used antimicrobial agents.	1977	836012
isolation and identification of fecal bacteria from adult swine.	an examination of the fecal microflora of adult swine was made with regard to the efficiency of several roll tube media in enumeration and recovery of anaerobes, the effects of medium constituents on recovery, and the isolation and identification of the predominant kinds of bacteria. total number of organisms by microscopic bacterial counts varied among fecal samples from 4.48 x 10(10) to 7.40 x 10(10) bacteria/g (wet weight). comparison of different nonselective roll tube media indicated that a ...	1977	836025
intravenous corynebacterium parvum: an adjunct to chemotherapy for resistant advanced ovarian cancer.	this is a prelimianry report of an effort to treat women with advanced (stage iii and iv) ovarian cancer who had progressive disease in spite of previous surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiation by a program of reductive surgery, intensive immune stimulation and combination chemotherapy. an initial laparotomy was done where possible to reduce tumor burden, and then all patients were given intravenous corynebacterium parvum (c.p.) in escalating doses over a 10- to 14-day period. cyclic chemotherapy ...	1977	837334
in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity of adriamycin and daunomycin for murine macrophages.	in virto exposure of murine lymphoma cells to adriamycin and daunomycin (dm) for 24 hr resulted in comparable cytotoxicity as assessed by viable cell counts and inhibition of dna synthesis. the spontaneous dna synthesis of spleen lymphocytes in vitro was also equally affected by the two agents. however, when the in vitro effects of the two drugs on macrophage monolayers were investigated, dm was found to be at least four times more toxic than am. in vivo-administered dm was more suppressive than ...	1977	837378
chemoattractant properties of corynebacterium parvum and pyran copolymer for human monocytes and neutrophils.	both pyran copolymer and the burroughs-wellcome vaccine of corynebacterium parvum were able to elicit a migratory response by human neutrophils or monocytes when incubated with serum. however, in the absence of serum, neither agent elicited such a response. the generation of the chemotactic factor by pyran was dependent on heat-labile components in the serum, while suggested involvement of the complement sequence. conversely, the migratory response of c. parvum in heated serum was equivalent to ...	1977	839571
the influence of nonspecific immunotherapy on the course of murine melanoma.	bcg, corynebacterium parvum, vitamin a, and levamisole were continuously administered to c57 bl/6 mice bearing b16 melanoma prior to, with following tumor implantation as well as before and coincident with surgical excision of the implanted tumor. only the group given levamisole prophylactically for 8 weeks before tumor inplantation showed a significant difference from control mice but a tenfold increase in dosage in this drug did not exert a comparable effect.	1977	839793
corynebacterium parvum and cyclophosphamide as combination treatment for a murine mammary adenocarcinoma.	weekly i.p. injections of killed corynebacterium parvum and of cyclophosphamide (given on different days) strongly inhibited growth of a transplantable murine mammary adenocarcinoma. a significant portion (40 to 80%) of animals could be made tumor free by means of combined therapy. no tumor-free survivors were obtained with c. parvum alone, and tumor-free mice were obtained with cyclophosphamide alone only at the expense of a high incidence of deaths due to drug toxicity. no evidence of tumor re ...	1977	844041
[susceptibility to thiamphenicol and chloramphenicol of anaerobic bacteria (author's transl)].	the in vitro susceptibility to thiamphenicol and chloramphenicol of 272 anaerobes, most of which were recent clinical isolated, was determined by broth dilution tests, with chloramphenicol, 133 anaerobic gram-negative non-sporing rods (48 bacteroides fragilis, 13 b. thetaiotaomicron, 14 b. oralis, 16 sphaerophorus varius etc.) had mic values of 0.03 through 16 microng/ml. very similar results (mic, 0.06-16 microng/ml) were obtained with thiamphenicol. in concentrations of 4 microng/ml or less ch ...	1977	848218
anaerobic bacteria in otitis media.	anaerobic bacteria, peptostrepotococcus intermedius and propionibacterium acnes, were found in mixed culture specimens from four to ten tested cases of chronic secretory otitis media. these anaerobic bacteria were in a mixed infection flora with aerobic bacteria most often staphylococcus epidermidis and cornybacterium sp. which do not fit any established species. the findings of anaerobic bacteria in otitis media is consistent with the sporadic report of the involvement of anaerobic bacteria in ...	1977	848830
increased spreading of macrophages from mice treated with interferon inducers.		1977	849607
radiolabelling of corynebacterium parvum and its distribution in mice.	corynebacterium parvum was labelled by growing live bacteria in the presence of [3h]thymidine. the bacteria were killed by formalin, washed thoroughly and resuspended at a concentration of 7 mg dry weight/ml. an activity of 1-6 x 10(5) ct/min/0-1 ml was obtained. the biological properties (inhibition of tumour growth and hepatosplenomegaly) of the labelled c. parvum were compared with those of commercially available vaccine, and were found to be similar. labelled c. parvum was injected i.v., i.p ...	1977	851511
immunology of lung cancer.		1977	852345
susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to metronidazole, ornidazole, and tinidazole and routine susceptibility testing by standardized methods.	a total of 114 strains of anaerobic bacteria were examined for their susceptibility to metronidazole, ornidazole, and tinidazole by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) and minimum bactericidal concentration in different media. all strains, with the exception of the isolates of propionibacterium acnes, were inhibited by 3.1 mug each and killed by 6.3 mug each of all three nitroimidazole compounds per ml. no significant differences in mic values were found among metronidazole, orn ...	1977	856015
effects of c. parvum on growth and induction of intracerebral tumours in mice.	an investigation was made into the effect of corynebacterium parvum therapy on cerebral tumours in mice. i.v. c. parvum caused a slight but significant increase in the survival of balb/c mice injected intracerebrally (i.c.) with not more than 50 meth a cells. c. parvum was most effective if given on the same day or 5 days after tumour. if this interval was increased there was no effect. multiple i.v. injections were no more effective than a single dose. i.v. c. parvum had no influence on the sur ...	1977	857825
serological changes associated with c. parvum treatment in nude mice.		1977	861151
effect of c. parvum and active specific immunotherapy on intracerebral transplants of a murine fibrosarcoma.		1977	861152
combined treatment with anaerobic corynebacterium liquefaciens and chemotherapeutics against solid tumor in mice.	the combined effect of anticancer agents (mitomycin-c, cyclophosphamide, or 5-fluorouracil) and anaerobic corynebacterium liquefaciens on subcutaneously induced solid ehrlich carcinoma in mice was examined. mitomycin-c and cyclophosphamide were given intraperitoneally on day 7 after inoculation of tumor cells. 5-fluorouracil was administered intraperitoneally for 7 consecutive days from day 9 to 15. c. liquefaciens was given in two ways, intraperitoneally and intratumorally. its injections were ...	1977	863171
an analysis of the factors allowing promotion (rather than inhibition) of tumour growth by corynebacterium parvum.	the following factors were found to determine whether c. parvum (cp) treatment promoted rather than inhibited the growth of methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma cells injected into cba mice. (1) the dose of tumour cells. promotion occurred only with low doses, around the td50. (2) the route of injection of cp. greater promotion was caused by intravenous (iv) than by subcutaneous (sc) administration. addition of irradiated tumour cells to sc cp resulted in tumour inhibition. (3) the dose of cp ...	1977	863546
effect of corynebacterium parvum, methanol-extraction residue of bcg, and levamisole on macrophage random migration, chemotaxis, and pinocytosis.	three parameters of macrophage function: random migration, chemotaxis, and pinocytosis, were studied in the guinea pig after administration of corynebacterium parvum, methanol-extraction residue of bcg, and levamisole (lms), a synthetic anthelmintic. macrophage migration studies were performed with a modified boyden chamber. pinocytosis was assessed by the uptake of colloidal 198au. after ip administration, each of the three immunostimulators induced an increase in macrophage chemotactic respons ...	1977	864753
the distribution and persistence in vivo of corynebacterium parvum in relation to its antitumor activity.	killed corynebacterium parvum was labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate or 125i, and both preparations were shown to retain lymphoreticular stimulatory and antitumor activity. large amounts of c. parvum injected i.v. were found in the liver, spleen, and lungs with less in bone marrow and lymph nodes. apart from a rapid loss from the lungs within 24 hr, the persistence of killed c. parvum was striking, and some intact bacteria were still detectable in the liver and spleen at 15 days. (by contra ...	1977	870181
antibody to corynebacterium parvum in normal human and animal sera.	using a microtiter bacterial agglutination test, we have estimated antibodies to corynebacterium parvum in "normal" human and "normal" and immune animal sera. widely differing levels of c. parvum antibodies were found in the normal human sera. the median titer for all 310 human sera was 1:128, whereas that for the 1- to 17-year and 18- to 50-year subgroups was 1:64 and 1:512, respectively. antibody titers in the various animal species were generally much lower.	1977	870426
comparative effect of anaerobic coryneforms on a murine melanoma.	ten strains of anaerobic corynebacteria were compared in their effect on survival of c57bl/6 mice, bearing subcutaneously inoculated b16 melanomas. the corynebacterial suspensions were injected intralesionally twice weekly for five injections. significant permanent tumor regression was not obtained. significant prolongation of survival was observed in mice treated with seven of the corynebacterial strains.	1977	872039
cell-mediated immunity and serum blocking factors in cancer patients during chemotherapy and immunotherapy.	the leukocyte adherence inhibition test was used to monitor tumor-specific cell-mediated immunity in 15 patients who had a variety of malignant tumors and were undergoing chemotherapy alone or in combination with immunotherapy by corynebacterium parvum. a rapid and prolonged loss of cell-mediated immunity in blood leukocytes was observed after treatment in all but one of the patients studied. abolition of reactivity was due to the lack of production of the soluble lymphokine-like factor affectin ...	1977	872076
separation and characterization of epithelial cells from prostates and prostatic carcinomas: a review.	our investigation of normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic prostatic tissue during the past 2 1/2 years has produced several findings which have been published or accepted for publication. (a) cells from hamster prostates with intense histochemically demonstrable acid phosphatase activity (hdap) after fixation with formaldehyde which we believe to be epithelial cells can be obtained in 97.2% +/- 0.8% purity by velocity sedimentation in a previously described isokinetic density gradient; (b) simil ...	1977	872127
immunological response in patients receiving corynebacterium parvum therapy.		1977	872468
corynebacterium parvum-induced radiosensitivity and cycling changes of hematopoietic spleen colony-forming units.	ten days after total-body irradiation with 550 rads of b0co, spleen colonies were observed in adult c57bl mice. a change in radiosensitivity induced by corynebacterium parvum, as measured by increased numbers of colony-forming units that survived the 550 rads, began shortly after c. parvum stimulation and extended for at least 7 days before irradiation. c. parvum given 4-24 hours before, followed by high specific activity [3h]thymidine (hsatt) 1 hour before total-body irradiation greatly reduced ...	1977	875052
propionibacterium acnes meningitis in a previously normal adult.	a 25-year-old man was previously healthy until he contracted acute propionibacterium acnes meningitis. comparison with previous reports of de novo diphtheroid meningitis suggests that this entity can appear with features that are not characteristic of acute bacterial meningitis, including (1) stroke-like syndromes, (2) an afebrile course, and (3) a cerebrospinal fluid with a mononuclear pleocytosis and normal glucose level. the appropriate choice and dosage of antimicrobial agent must be guided ...	1977	879934
modulation of host immune response against the l2c guinea pig leukemia.		1977	885264
host immunological mechanisms in the resistance of mice to leptospiral infections.	several serovars of leptospira virulent for hamsters and guinea pigs caused acute lethal leptospirosis in mice immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide. neither bcg vaccine nor corynebacterium parvum suspension influenced the course of leptospiral infection in either immunosuppressed or normal balb/c mice. nude athymic mice produced anti-leptospiral antibody and were therefore resistant to infection with leptospires. nude mice were made susceptible with cyclophosphamide but were immune if they had ...	1977	885617
an adenylate cyclase of brain reflects propensity for breast cancer in mice.	high propensity for breast cancer in mice was associated with low dopamine-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in the brain, low spontaneous motorization, and low motor responses to injections of the catecholamine precursor, l-dopa.	1977	887942
intravascular coagulation resulting from intravenous injection of c. parvum in mice.	in mice, i.v. c. parvum induces intravascular coagulation. this is a prolonged reaction lasting up to 7 days. it results in thrombosis in hepatic vessels with consequent hepatic necrosis, and thrombosis in pulmonary and splenic vessels. this may be important in the assessment of the tumour-inhibitory activity of c. parvum.	1977	889682
mechanism of the anti-tumour effect of glucans and fructosans: a comparison with c. parvum.	the anti-tumour activity induced by glucans (lentinan, yeast cell walls, pseudonigeran, dextran, deae-dextran and dextran sulphate) and fructosans (levan and carboxymethyl-levan) was compared with the activity of c. parvum. the following effects on tumour systems in cba mice were assayed: (a) adjuvant activity on the immune response against tumour-specific transplantation antigens (tsta) with a methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma; (b) cytostatic activity of peritoneal macrophages against rad ...	1977	889684
comparative study of corynebacterium parvum and corynebacterium liquefaciens on antitumor activity against sarcoma-180.	corynebacterium parvum and corynebacterium liquefaciens were comparatively examined for their antitumor activity against sarcoma-180 in ddy mice. in the case of ascitic form, significant antitumor effect was observed when c. parvum was administered on days -4 and -2 or day -2. as for solid form, maximal effect was obtained when c. parvum was administered on day 0. on the other hand, c. liquefaciens exhibited maximal antitumor activity against sarcoma-180, both in ascitic and solid forms, when it ...	1977	892298
effect of immunomodulators on effector cells involved in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity: brief communication.	the effect of four immunomodulators (bcg, corynebacterium parvum, pyran copolymer, and levamisole) on the cellular arm of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (adcc) was investigated in mice with 51cr-labeled chicken erythrocytes employed as targets. all these drugs, except levamisole, stimulated the effector cells of adcc in the spleen, but the kinetics of their effect differed. stimulation of the effector cells of adcc peaked on day 15 after injection of bcg and c. parvum and on day 7 afte ...	1977	894742
combined radiotherapy and corynebacterium parvum treatment of a murine fibrosarcoma.	a single dose of corynebacterium parvum (cp) at 70 microgram, 175 microgram or 350 microgram was effective in suppressing the growth of a subcutaneous fibrosarcoma and occasionally in inducing complete regression and in prolonging the survival time of c3h/hej tumor-bearing mice. a single exposure of x rays at 2,000 rads induced some complete regression, but a higher number of complete regressions was induced by combined x-ray and cp treatment. in the combined x-ray and cp treatment, cp given on ...	1977	897175
bacteriology of cholesteatoma: clinical significance.		1977	898521
[effect of corynebacterium parvum on various viral infections in the mouse].		1977	900789
local control and disease-free survival after treatment of a squamous cell carcinoma by corynebacterium parvum and local irradiation.		1977	908026
efficacy of corynebacterium parvum treatment of mice with sarcoma growing in normal or irradiated tissue.		1977	908052
increase of phagocytic activity and new appearance of a c4b (guinea pig) recognizing capability in peritoneal macrophages from corynebacterium parvum and thioglycollate-stimulated mice.	activated mouse macrophages displayed enhanced phagocytic activity towards particles opsonized with igg antibody and homologous c3. in addition, they were able to recognize guinea pig c4b. it is concluded that activated macrophages develop phagocytically active receptors for heterologous c4b.	1977	917013
investigations on prostatic adenocarcinomas in rats.	metastatic prostate adenocarcinomas, derived from aging germfree wistar rats, have been propagated in rats and in tissue culture. a protocol has been developed and demonstrated for assay of treatments which retard or which accelerate the rate and extent of tumor growth and of metastasis in tumor-bearing rats. the pattern of spread has been retarded by cyclophosphamide, aspirin, indomethacin, and corynebacterium parvum. the spread pattern has been accelerated by oral administrations of sodium bar ...	1977	917442
effects of corynebacterium parvum on tumour metastases in mice.		1977	922293