Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| detection of human coronaviruses in children with acute gastroenteritis. | human coronaviruses (hcovs) are known respiratory pathogens. moreover, coronavirus-like particles have been seen by electron microscope in stools, and sars-hcov has been isolated from intestinal tissue and detected in stool samples. | 2010 | 20233673 |
| annual report: surveillance of adverse events following immunisation in australia, 2008. | this report summarises australian passive surveillance data for adverse events following immunisation (aefi) reported to the therapeutic goods administration (tga) for 2008, and describes reporting trends over the 9-year period 2000 to 2008. there were 1,542 aefi records for vaccines administered in 2008. this was an annual aefi reporting rate of 7.2 per 100,000 population, a 5% decrease compared with 2007. the majority of aefi reports described non-serious events while 10% (n = 152) were classi ... | 2009 | 20301966 |
| history of rotavirus research in children in malawi: the pursuit of a killer. | rotavirus gastroenteritis is a major health problem among malawian children. studies spanning 20 years have described the importance, epidemiology and viral characteristics of rotavirus infections in the country. despite a wide diversity of circulating rotavirus strains causing severe disease in young infants, a clinical trial of a human rotavirus vaccine clearly demonstrated the potential for rotavirus vaccination to greatly reduce the morbidity and mortality due to rotavirus diarrhoea in malaw ... | 2009 | 20345020 |
| reassortment of human rotavirus gene segments into g11 rotavirus strains. | g11 rotaviruses are believed to be of porcine origin. however, a limited number of g11 rotaviruses have been recently isolated from humans in combination with p[25], p[8], p[6], and p[4]. to investigate the evolutionary relationships of these strains, we analyzed the complete genomes of 2 human g11p[25] strains, 2 human g11p[8] strains, and 3 porcine reference strains. most of the 11 gene segments of these 7 strains belonged to genotype 1 (wa-like). however, phylogenetic clustering patterns sugg ... | 2010 | 20350376 |
| detection and genotyping of korean porcine rotaviruses. | porcine group a rotavirus (garv) is considered to be an important animal pathogen due to their economic impact in the swine industry and its potential to cause heterologous infections in humans. this study examined 475 fecal samples from 143 farms located in 6 provinces across south korea. rt-pcr and nested pcr utilizing primer pairs specific for the garv vp6 gene detected garv-positive reactions in 182 (38.3%) diarrheic fecal samples. a total of 98 porcine garv strains isolated from the garv-po ... | 2010 | 20359834 |
| identification of rotavirus vp6-specific cd4+ t cell epitopes in a g1p[8] human rotavirus-infected rhesus macaque. | a non-human primate model was used to evaluate its potential for identification of rotavirus viral protein 6 (vp6) cd4+ t cell epitopes. four juvenile rhesus macaques were inoculated with a mixed inoculum (g1p[8] and g9p[8]) of human rotaviruses. infection accompanied by g1p[8] shedding was achieved in the two macaques that had no rotavirus immunoglobulin a (iga) in plasma. to measure the interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor (tnf) anti-viral cytokines produced by peripheral cd4 ... | 2008 | 20401320 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of rotavirus molecular signatures using surface enhanced raman spectroscopy. | human enteric virus infections range from gastroenteritis to life threatening diseases such as myocarditis and aseptic meningitis. rotavirus is one of the most common enteric agents and mortality associated with infection can be very significant in developing countries. most enteric viruses produce diseases that are not distinct from other pathogens, and current diagnostics is limited in breadth and sensitivity required to advance virus detection schemes for disease intervention strategies. a sp ... | 2010 | 20419101 |
| molecular and biological characterization of the 5 human-bovine rotavirus (wc3)-based reassortant strains of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine, rotateq. | rotateq is a pentavalent rotavirus vaccine that contains five human-bovine reassortant strains (designated g1, g2, g3, g4, and p1) on the backbone of the naturally attenuated tissue culture-adapted parental bovine rotavirus (brv) strain wc3. the viral genomes of each of the reassortant strains were completely sequenced and compared pairwise and phylogenetically among each other and to human rotavirus (hrv) and brv reference strains. reassortants g1, g2, g3, and g4 contained the vp7 gene from the ... | 2010 | 20451234 |
| rotavirus genotypes in children in the basque country (northern spain) over a 13-year period (july 1996-june 2009). | to describe the circulation dynamics of human rotavirus genotypes in a region of southern europe over a 13-year period. the g- and p-types of rotavirus isolates of patients aged less than 5 years were analyzed using multiplex, reverse transcription polymerase-chain reaction. of 1,538 isolates investigated, a combination of individual g- and p-types was obtained in 1,368. the most prevalent combination was g1[p8] (57.5% of the genotyped strains), which circulated in all seasons and predominated i ... | 2010 | 20490883 |
| phylodynamic analyses of rotavirus genotypes g9 and g12 underscore their potential for swift global spread. | rotaviruses (rvs) are responsible for more than 600,000 child deaths each year. the worldwide introduction of two life oral vaccines rotateq and rotarix is believed to reduce this number significantly. before the licensing of both vaccines, two new genotypes, g9 and g12, emerged in the human population and were able to spread across the entire globe in a very short time span. to quantify the vp7 mutation rates of these g9 and g12 genotypes and to estimate their most recent common ancestors, we u ... | 2010 | 20522727 |
| detection and characterisation of group a rotavirus in asymptomatic piglets in southern ireland. | porcine group a rotaviruses (garv) are causative agents of enteritis in piglets and are a large reservoir of genetic material for the diversification of human garvs. accumulation of information on the genetic heterogeneity of porcine viruses is pivotal for readily characterising unusual human strains. screening of 292 fecal samples, collected from 4-5- to 8-9-week-old asymptomatic pigs from four herds in ireland between 2005 and 2007 resulted in 19 (6.5%) samples testing positive by reverse-tran ... | 2010 | 20526785 |
| robustness of the healthcare utilization results from the rotavirus efficacy and safety trial (rest) evaluating the human-bovine (wc3) reassortant pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (rv5). | the rotavirus efficacy and safety trial was a placebo-controlled phase iii study that evaluated the safety and efficacy of a three-dose pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (rv5) including its effect on healthcare utilization for rotavirus gastroenteritis (rvge). the per-protocol (pp) analyses, which counted events occurring 14 days after dose 3 among infants without protocol violations, have already been published. this paper evaluates the consistency of the healthcare utilization results based on the ... | 2010 | 20540778 |
| hospital-based surveillance to evaluate the impact of rotavirus vaccination in são paulo, brazil. | brazil implemented routine immunization with the human rotavirus vaccine, rotarix, in 2006 and vaccination coverage reached 81% in 2008 in são paulo. our aim was to assess the impact of immunization on the incidence of severe rotavirus acute gastroenteritis (age). | 2010 | 20543761 |
| inactivated rotavirus vaccine induces protective immunity in gnotobiotic piglets. | live oral rotavirus vaccines that are effective in middle and high income countries have been much less immunogenic and effective among infants in resource-limited settings. several hypotheses might explain this difference, including neutralization of the vaccine by high levels of maternal antibody in serum and breast milk, severe malnutrition, and interference by other flora and viruses in the gut. we have pursued development of an alternative parenteral rotavirus vaccine with the goal of induc ... | 2010 | 20558244 |
| rotavirus genotypes in costa rica, nicaragua, honduras and the dominican republic. | in this study, 574 stool samples from children with gastroenteritis were obtained from different hospitals in costa rica, honduras, nicaragua and the dominican republic during 2005-2006. diarrhea stool samples were analyzed for rotavirus by elisa and typed by the rt-pcr-based method. unusual strains were detected: g1p6, g2p8, g3p6, g9p4 and mixed infections. recent studies have indicated that unusual human rotavirus strains are emerging as global strains, which has important implications for eff ... | 2010 | 20606460 |
| re: "age dependence of the risk of intussusception following tetravalent rhesus-human reassortant rotavirus tetravalent vaccine: is it beyond doubt?". | 2010 | 20682522 | |
| vp6: a candidate rotavirus vaccine. | several nonliving rotavirus vaccine candidates have been evaluated in animal models. among them is the vp6 protein that comprises the intermediate layer of the rotavirus particle. this protein was expressed as a chimera with maltose binding protein (mbp::vp6) and was administered intranasally to mice. when later challenged with rotavirus, vaccinated mice were nearly 100% protected from fecal shedding of rotavirus, a result strictly dependent on coadministration of an effective adjuvant. protecti ... | 2010 | 20684688 |
| molecular characterization and genotyping of human rotavirus strains in abidjan, cote d'ivoire. | in this study, we characterized human rotavirus strains recovered from infants and young children with acute diarrhea in abidjan, cote d'ivoire, during 2000-2004. in total, 719 fecal specimens were collected from children aged 1-60 months with acute infantile gastroenteritis. examination with a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed the presence of group a rotavirus antigen in 208 diarrheal specimens (28.9%). polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the rna extracted from rotavirus-pos ... | 2010 | 20684706 |
| prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants and children: rotavirus vaccine safety, efficacy, and potential impact of vaccines. | rotavirus infection is the most common cause of severe gastroenteritis globally, with greater than 86% of deaths occurring in low-income and middle-income countries. there are two rotavirus vaccines currently licensed in the united states and prequalified by the world health organization. rv1 is a monovalent attenuated human rotavirus strain, given orally in two doses. rv5 is a pentavalent human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine, given orally in three doses. a third rotavirus vaccine, llv, is ... | 2010 | 20714358 |
| prevention of rotavirus infections in vitro with aqueous extracts of quillaja saponaria molina. | rotavirus is the leading cause of severe diarrhea disease in newborns and young children worldwide, estimated to be responsible for over 300,000 childhood deaths every year, mostly in developing countries. rotavirus-related deaths represent approximately 5% of all deaths in children younger than 5 years of age worldwide. saponins are readily soluble in water and are approved by the us fda for inclusion in beverages intended for human consumption. the addition of saponins to existing water suppli ... | 2010 | 20725585 |
| production of human rotavirus and salmonella antigens in plants and elicitation of fljb-specific humoral responses in mice. | a nicotiana benthamiana transient expression system was used to express single antigen and dimeric combinations of the human rotavirus (hrv) vp7 and a truncated vp4 (vp4δ) proteins fused with salmonella typhimurium's flagellin fljb subunit. immunoblot analyses using rabbit antibodies generated against these proteins demonstrated that the constructs were successfully expressed with yields ranging from 0.85 to 31.97 μg of recombinant protein per gram of fresh leaf tissue. expressing the single and ... | 2011 | 20725806 |
| [toward the elimination of rotavirus gastroenteritis by universal vaccination]. | rotavirus is the most important cause of severe gastroenteritis in children worldwide, and is most effectively controlled by vaccines. the strategic advisory group of experts (sage) of the world health organization (who) recommended, in 2009, the inclusion of rotavirus vaccination of infants into all national immunization programs. two, live, orally-administrable vaccines are licensed globally. they are rotarix, a g1p[8] monovalent, human rotavirus-based vaccine (glaxosmithkline), and rotateq, a ... | 2010 | 20848863 |
| characterization of genotype g8 strains from malawi, kenya, and south africa. | reviews of the global distribution of rotavirus genotypes have revealed the continuous circulation of g8 strains in africa, often responsible for more cases of rotavirus disease than the more common g1-g4 rotavirus strains. during the study, genotype g8 strains from malawi, kenya, and south africa were detected and the vp7 and vp4 genes of selected specimens were sequenced. results indicated that g8 strains appeared to reassort frequently and were associated with p[6], p[4], and p[8] specificity ... | 2010 | 20981795 |
| characterising aquifer treatment for pathogens in managed aquifer recharge. | in this study the value of subsurface treatment of urban stormwater during aquifer storage transfer recovery (astr) is characterised using quantitative microbial risk assessment (qmra) methodology. the astr project utilizes a multi-barrier treatment train to treat urban stormwater but to date the role of the aquifer has not been quantified. in this study it was estimated that the aquifer barrier provided 1.4, 2.6, >6.0 log(10) removals for rotavirus, cryptosporidium and campylobacter respectivel ... | 2010 | 21045325 |
| whole-genome characterization of human group c rotaviruses: identification of two lineages in the vp3 gene. | group c rotavirus (gcrv) is distributed worldwide as an enteric pathogen in humans and animals. however, to date, whole-genome sequences are available only for a human strain (bristol) and a porcine strain (cowden). to investigate the genetic diversity of human gcrvs, nearly full-length sequences of all 11 rna segments were determined for human gcrvs detected recently in india (v508), bangladesh (bs347), china (wu82 and ynr001) and japan (oh567 and bk0830) and analysed phylogenetically with sequ ... | 2010 | 21048036 |
| widespread microbiological groundwater contamination in the south-eastern salento (puglia-italy). | in the salento peninsula (puglia region, south-east italy), underground waters are a fundamental resource for the population because they constitute the principal reservoir for drinking water and irrigation. they are, however, affected by overexploitation. the risk factors in the salento arise mainly from anthropic activities, especially tourism and agriculture (leaking wells, sewage and inadequate waste disposal procedures). the southern salento is recognized to be at high risk of pathologies c ... | 2010 | 21079865 |
| reassortant group a rotavirus from straw-colored fruit bat (eidolon helvum). | bats are known reservoirs of viral zoonoses. we report genetic characterization of a bat rotavirus (bat/ke4852/07) detected in the feces of a straw-colored fruit bat (eidolon helvum). six bat rotavirus genes (viral protein [vp] 2, vp6, vp7, nonstructural protein [nsp] 2, nsp3, and nsp5) shared ancestry with other mammalian rotaviruses but were distantly related. the vp4 gene was nearly identical to that of human p[6] rotavirus strains, and the nsp4 gene was closely related to those of previously ... | 2010 | 21122212 |
| determinants of the specificity of rotavirus interactions with the alpha2beta1 integrin. | the human α2β1 integrin binds collagen and acts as a cellular receptor for rotaviruses and human echovirus 1. these ligands require the inserted (i) domain within the α2 subunit of α2β1 for binding. previous studies have identified the binding sites for collagen and echovirus 1 in the α2 i domain. we used cho cells expressing mutated α2β1 to identify amino acids involved in binding to human and animal rotaviruses. residues where mutation affected rotavirus binding were located in several exposed ... | 2010 | 21138834 |
| maternal antibodies to rotavirus: could they interfere with live rotavirus vaccines in developing countries? | past experience with live oral vaccines including licensed rotavirus vaccines demonstrates a trend towards reduced vaccine efficacy in developing countries compared with developed countries. the reasons behind this disparity are not well understood. transplacental transfer of maternal antibodies and breast milk ingestion may attenuate vaccine responses in infants in developing countries where rotavirus infections are endemic, and maternal antibody levels are high. we examined the prevalence and ... | 2010 | 21147127 |
| diversity of interferon antagonist activities mediated by nsp1 proteins of different rotavirus strains. | studies involving limited numbers of rotavirus (rv) strains have shown that the viral gene 5 product, nsp1, can antagonize beta interferon (ifn-β) expression by inducing the degradation of ifn-regulatory factors (irfs) (irf3, irf5, and irf7) or a component of the e3 ubiquitin ligase complex responsible for activating nf-κb (β-transducin repeat-containing protein [β-trcp]). to gain a broader perspective of nsp1 activities, we examined various rv strains for the ability to inhibit ifn-β expression ... | 2010 | 21177809 |
| full genomic analysis of a g8p[1] rotavirus strain isolated from an asymptomatic infant in kenya provides evidence for an artiodactyl-to-human interspecies transmission event. | group a rotavirus (gar) g8p[1] strains, found sometimes in cattle, have been reported rarely from humans. therefore, analysis of the full genomes of human g8p[1] strains are of significance in the context of studies on interspecies transmission of rotaviruses. however, to date, only partial-length nucleotide sequences are available for the 11 genes of a single human g8p[1] strain, while the partial sequences of two other strains have been reported. the present study reports the first complete ge ... | 2011 | 21181935 |
| human rotavirus genotypes detection among hospitalized children, a study in tehran, iran. | human rotavirus genotypes g1-g4, g9, p[4] and p[8] are major worldwide causes of acute gastroenteritis in children. rotavirus genotype g1p[8] is predominant in many countries. in this study, the genotypic diversity of group a rotaviruses were detected in children <5 years of age who were treated for dehydration and diarrhea in tehran, iran from october 2004 to september 2008. | 2011 | 21194260 |
| antiviral activity of alpinia katsumadai extracts against rotaviruses. | in vitro anti-rotavirus activity of alpinia katsumadai (ak) extracts were evaluated against bovine g8p[7] and porcine g5p[7] rotaviruses in two different assay strategies, a mixed treatment assay and a post treatment assay. in the mixed treatment assay, six ak extracts [ak-1 (etoh extract), ak-3 (h(2)o layer), ak-5 (40% methanol fraction), and ak-9-11 (h(2)o extract, polysaccharide fraction, supernatant fraction)] exhibited inhibitory activities against g5p[7] rotavirus with the ec(50) values ra ... | 2010 | 21196021 |
| environmental survey to assess viral contamination of air and surfaces in hospital settings. | the presence of pathogenic viruses in healthcare settings represents a serious risk for both staff and patients. direct viral detection in the environment poses significant technical problems and the indirect indicators currently in use suffer from serious limitations. the aim of this study was to monitor surfaces and air in hospital settings to reveal the presence of hepatitis c virus, human adenovirus, norovirus, human rotavirus and torque teno virus by nucleic acid assays, in parallel with me ... | 2011 | 21277649 |
| case-control evaluation of the effectiveness of the g1p[8] human rotavirus vaccine during an outbreak of rotavirus g2p[4] infection in central australia. | the human rotavirus vaccine was evaluated during an outbreak of rotavirus g2p[4] infection in central australia. no overall protective effect against hospitalization was demonstrated, raising concerns over the durability of vaccine protection against heterotypic strains. | 2011 | 21288843 |
| rotaviruses: basic facts. | rotaviruses (rvs) are the chief etiologic agent of viral gastroenteritis in infants and young children, and in the young of a large variety of animal species. since the discovery of rvs in man 25 yr ago, much has been learned about their genome and protein composition; their three-dimensional structure; their replication, pathogenesis and clinical pattern; the host's immune response; and the epidemiology. measures of individual treatment have recently been complemented by the licensure in the un ... | 2000 | 21318852 |
| pathogenesis and animal models. | because of the limitations in studying human rotavirus (hrv) pathogenesis and mucosal immunity in the natural host (infants and children), various animal models have been utilized to investigate rotavirus (rv) disease pathogenesis and immunity. mice and rabbits serve as useful models to evaluate and dissect immune responses to rv (see chapter 9 ). however, because older mice (>14 d) and rabbits are not susceptible to diarrhea after inoculation with either homologous (murine or lapine, respective ... | 2000 | 21318857 |
| future rotavirus research. | since the discovery of animal rotaviruses (rvs) in the 1960s (1,2), and of human rotaviruses (hrvs) 25 yr ago (3,4), much has been learned about virus structure, classification, evolution, replication, pathogenesis, and specific immune responses, and their correlation with protection and epidemiology. as pathogens that infect the gastrointestinal tract, these viruses continue to serve as useful models to understand mucosal virus-cell interactions. recently, a rv vaccine to prevent disease in chi ... | 2000 | 21318863 |
| emergence of g9 as a predominant genotype of human rotaviruses in cuba. | to study human rotaviruses in cuban children up to 5 years old with acute diarrhea, a total of 64 faecal samples from two pediatric hospitals between 2006 and 2008 were analyzed. thirty-nine samples (60.9%) were found positive for rotaviruses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page), while four (6.2%) exhibited discordant results (elisa positives/page negatives). all the positive samples were genotyped by a reverse transcription-polymerase chain ... | 2011 | 21328392 |
| molecular characterization of viruses associated with gastrointestinal infection in hiv-positive patients. | diarrhea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among hiv-infected patients worldwide. | 2010 | 21340293 |
| a waterborne outbreak of epidemic diarrhea due to group a rotavirus in malatya, turkey. | we characterized an outbreak of acute diarrheal disease caused by group a rotavirus that occurred during the autumn of 2005 in malatya city, turkey. a total 9907 patients between 0 to 91 years old (mean age: 25.05?19.67) were included in the epidemic. the patients? data were prospectively collected and statistically analyzed. microbiologic analyses were performed to determine the etiologic agent. rapid onset diarrhea (98.36%), abdominal cramps (69%), fever (44.4%) and vomiting (69.6%) were the m ... | 2011 | 21344142 |
| update on available vaccines in india: report of the appa vu 2010: i. | the asia pacific pediatric association vaccinology update 2010 was held in mumbai on november 13-14, 2010 to discuss the latest information on burden of infectious diseases, recent developments in vaccines and their impact on immunization practices against infectious diseases occurring in indian children. during the conference the importance of including conjugate haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine and anti-rabies vaccines in routine immunization was stressed. also, the need for giving a seco ... | 2011 | 21373831 |
| viral agents associated with acute gastroenteritis in seoul, korea. | the present study was carried out to describe the epidemiologic characteristics of viral gastroenteritis and determine the phylogenetic composition of norovirus strains detected in hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis in seoul, korea. | 2011 | 21391466 |
| [current events in vaccination.] | the annual meeting of the infectious disease society of america (idsa); which brought together nearly 5000 participants from over 80 countries in vancouver, canada, october 21 to 24, 2010; provided a review of the influenza (h1n1) 2009 pandemic, evaluated vaccination programmes and presented new vaccines under development. with 12 500 deaths in the united states in 2009-2010, the influenza (h1n1) 2009 pandemic was actually less deadly than the seasonal flu. but it essentially hit the young, and ... | 2011 | 21489733 |
| intestinal and extra-intestinal pathogenicity of a bovine reassortant rotavirus in calves and piglets. | despite the impact of bovine group a rotaviruses (garvs) as economically important and zoonotic pathogens, there is a scarcity of data on cross-species pathogenicity and extra-intestinal spread of bovine reassortant garvs. during the course of characterizing the genotypes of all 11 genomic segments of bovine garvs isolated from diarrheic calves in south korea, a unique g6p[7] reassortant garv strain (kj9-1) was isolated. the strain harbors five bovine-like gene segments (vp7: g6; vp6: i2; vp1: r ... | 2011 | 21658866 |
| monitoring of group c rotavirus in children with acute gastroenteritis in brazil: an emergent epidemiological issue after rotavirus vaccine? | group c rotavirus (gpcrv) has a worldwide distribution; however, its epidemiology and ecology are still unclear. evidence for a possible zoonotic role has been postulated recently for brazilian children strains. the aim of this study was to monitor gpcrv in children ôëñ15 years with acute gastroenteritis during the 2007-2010 national brazilian rotavirus surveillance, and to undertake the molecular characterization of the major vp6 capsid protein. a total of 3,019 fecal samples were first screene ... | 2011 | 21739455 |
| viruses in diarrhetic dogs include novel kobuviruses and sapoviruses. | the close interactions of dogs with humans and surrounding wild life provide frequent opportunities for cross-species virus transmissions. in order to initiate an unbiased characterization of the eukaryotic viruses in the gut of dogs we used deep sequencing of partially purified viral-capsid protected nucleic acids from the feces of eighteen diarrhetic dogs. we identified known canine parvoviruses, coronaviruses, and rotaviruses, and characterized the genomes of the first reported canine kobuvir ... | 2011 | 21775584 |
| [molecular and epidemiological study on viral diarrhea among infants in lanzhou]. | to study the epidemiologic characteristics of viral diarrhea in children under 5 years old in lanzhou, understand the four major virus in children of distribution. | 2011 | 21789851 |
| sequence analysis of human rotavirus strains: comparison of clinical isolates from northern and southern italy. | the surveillance and monitoring of rotavirus (rv)-related diseases, preferably through the establishment of sentinel surveillance sites, are essential for assessing the need for vaccination and the projected results of the vaccine in terms of reducing the burden of disease. the objective of the present study was to compare rv strains isolated in northern (ferrara) and southern (galatina-le) italy. during 2007-2008, 115 rv-positive stool samples were collected from children with diarrhea admitted ... | 2011 | 21796344 |
| detection of a porcine rotavirus strain with vp4, vp7 and nsp4 genes of different animal origins. | a new rotavirus strain, sh0902, was detected in diarrheic piglets on a farm in shanghai, china, and its genotype was characterized as g1p[7]. analysis of the vp4, vp7 and nsp4 genes demonstrated vp4 homology to bovine and swine rotavirus strains; the nucleotide (nt) and amino acid (aa) identities were 99.7% and 99.5%, respectively. the vp7 gene was highly homologous to that of a giant panda rotavirus strain, with 98.5% similarity at the nt level and 99% similarity at the aa level. the nucleotide ... | 2011 | 21796401 |
| phylogenetic analysis of vp1, vp2, and vp3 gene segments of genotype g5 group a rotavirus strains circulating in brazil between 1986 and 2005. | genotype g5 group a rotavirus (rv-a), which is common in pigs and also detected in horses and cattle, circulated as endemic genotype in the 1980s and early 1990s in brazil. after 1996, g5 rv-a has been replaced by g9 rv-a, becoming only sporadically detected. recently, g5 has been reported in children with severe diarrhea in argentina, cameroon, paraguay, people's republic of china, and vietnam, suggesting that, although uncommon in humans, it has a worldwide distribution. in a previous study, b ... | 2011 | 21827799 |
| identification of a novel biomarker candidate, a 4.8-kda peptide fragment from a neurosecretory protein vgf precursor, by proteomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid from children with acute encephalopathy using seldi-tof-ms. | abstract: background: acute encephalopathy includes rapid deterioration and has a poor prognosis. early intervention is essential to prevent progression of the disease and subsequent neurologic complications. however, in the acute period, true encephalopathy cannot easily be differentiated from febrile seizures, especially febrile seizures of the complex type. thus, an early diagnostic marker has been sought in order to enable early intervention. the purpose of this study was to identify a novel ... | 2011 | 21838886 |
| effects of lactoferrin-containing formula in the prevention of enterovirus and rotavirus infection and impact on serum cytokine levels: a randomized trial. | lactoferrin has been shown to exhibit anti-enterovirus 71 (ev71) and antirotavirus properties. this trial was conducted to determine whether a formula containing bovine lactoferrin (blf) exerts a protective effect against ev71 or rotavirus infection among children from 2 to 6 years old. | 2011 | 21880194 |
| [rotavirus vaccine]. | rotavirus is the single main cause of severe acute gastroenteritis in children less than 5 years of age, resulting in over 527,000 deaths worldwide annually. the majority of rotavirus-related deaths are seen in less-developed countries; in developed countries, rotavirus is an infrequent cause of death but a commom cause of hospitalizations. rotavirus gastroenteritis was also estimated to result in approximately 790,000 doctor visits every year leading to medical intervention among children aged ... | 2011 | 21922762 |
| receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors that block replication of influenza a and other viruses. | we have previously reported that two receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (rtkis), called ag879 and tyrphostin a9 (a9), can each block the replication of influenza a virus in cultured cells. in this study, we further characterized the in vitro antiviral efficacies and specificities of these agents. the 50% effective concentration (ec(50)) of each against influenza a was found to be in the high nanomolar range, and the selectivity index (si = 50% cytotoxic concentration [cc(50)]/ec(50)) was determ ... | 2011 | 21930873 |
| horizontal transmission of a human rotavirus vaccine strain--a randomized, placebo-controlled study in twins. | transmission of excreted vaccine-derived infectious virus from vaccinated to unvaccinated individuals is possible within close contacts. this randomized (1:1), double-blind study evaluated the potential for transmission of human rotavirus vaccine strain, hrv (rotarix™) from vaccine recipients to unvaccinated close contacts (twins). 100 pairs of healthy twins aged 6-14 weeks at the time of dose 1 of hrv vaccine/placebo were enrolled and one randomly selected twin from each pair received two vacci ... | 2011 | 22008819 |
| Sapovirus as a gastrointestinal pathogen in febrile pediatric patients with cancer. | Human caliciviruses are the second most common cause of viral gastroenteritis after rotavirus in children. Unlike norovirus, sapovirus infection is less well characterized and defined in the clinical setting of gastrointestinal disease, and there are no reports of sapovirus infections in pediatric oncology patients receiving chemotherapy treatment. Stool samples from all pediatric oncology patients presenting with fever and diarrhea at one pediatric oncology unit were tested prospectively for sa ... | 2011 | 22012734 |
| putative canine origin of rotavirus strain detected in a child with diarrhea, taiwan. | abstract rotavirus g3p[3] strains have been reported from a variety of species including humans, cats, dogs, monkeys, goats, and cows. here, we report the characterization of the first human g3p[3] rotavirus from east asia identified in a 2-year-old child who was treated in a hospital's emergency ward in taiwan in february 2005. sequence and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a close genetic relationship between the vp4, vp6, vp7, and nsp4 genes of taiwanese g3p[3] strain 04-94s51 and an itali ... | 2011 | 22022813 |
| survey of national immunization programs and vaccine coverage rates in asia pacific countries. | children in the asia pacific region are still suffering from certain vaccine-preventable diseases. the current study surveyed the national immunization programs and vaccine uptake of traditional and newly developed vaccines in 12 countries in this area. the results showed children in most countries were well protected from conventional vaccine-preventable diseases, while immunization programs for certain diseases such as poliovirus or measles should be strengthened in certain countries. protecti ... | 2011 | 22075085 |
| vaccine-preventable diseases and their impact on latin american children. | a joint meeting of the latin american society of pediatric infectious diseases, the dominican society of pediatrics and the dominican society of vaccinology was held in the dominican republic. this report highlights the most relevant issues that were presented and discussed about vaccine-preventable diseases, their epidemiology and impact in latin american children, the need to move forward and expand national immunization programs and the economical and political obstacles to introduce ?new? va ... | 2011 | 22085169 |
| rotavirus infection and epidermal necrolysis of the bowel in a patient with aids. | a 44-year-old man with hiv, with a cd4+ count of 45/µl and a viral load of 88 000 copies/ml, who was completing therapy for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, presented with severe bloody diarrhoea, fevers and abdominal pain. endoscopy revealed total epidermal necrolysis of the colon, and partial epidermal necrolysis of the duodenum, a histologic pattern most typically seen in severe graft versus host disease. computed tomography (ct) documented inflammation of the entire gastrointestinal tract dis ... | 2009 | 22125583 |
| no evidence of murine leukemia virus-related viruses in live attenuated human vaccines. | the association of xenotropic murine leukemia virus (mlv)-related virus (xmrv) in prostate cancer and chronic fatigue syndrome reported in previous studies remains controversial as these results have been questioned by recent data. nonetheless, concerns have been raised regarding contamination of human vaccines as a possible source of introduction of xmrv and mlv into human populations. to address this possibility, we tested eight live attenuated human vaccines using generic pcr for xmrv and mlv ... | 2011 | 22216219 |
| efficacy of a pentavalent human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine against rotavirus gastroenteritis among american indian children. | background:: before the widespread use of rotavirus vaccines, rotavirus was a leading cause of gastroenteritis among children. navajo and white mountain apache children suffer a disproportionate burden of severe rotavirus disease compared with the general us population. methods:: we enrolled navajo and white mountain apache infants in a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of pentavalent human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine (prv). subjects received 3 doses of vaccine or plac ... | 2012 | 22252206 |