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aphanius arakensis, a new species of tooth-carp (actinopterygii, cyprinodontidae) from the endorheic namak lake basin in iran.a new species of tooth-carp, aphanius arakensissp. n., is described from the namak lake basin in iran. the new species is distinguished by the congeners distributed in iran by the following combination of characters: 10-12 anal fin rays, 28-32 lateral line scales, 10-13 caudal peduncle scales, 8-10 gill rakers, 12-19, commonly 15-16, clearly defined flank bars in males, a more prominent pigmentation along the flank added by relatively big blotches in the middle and posterior flank segments in fe ...201222936871
polybrominated diphenyl ether metabolism in field collected fish from the gila river, arizona, usa--levels, possible sources, and patterns.polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) were determined in fish collected from the gila river, arizona, a tributary of the colorado river in the lower part of the colorado river basin. fish samples were collected at sites on the gila river downstream from hayden, phoenix, and arlington, arizona in late summer 2003. the gila river is ephemeral upstream of the phoenix urban area due to dams and irrigation projects and has limited perennial flow downstream of phoenix due to wastewater and irrigation ...201322939514
histochemical analysis of glycoproteins in the secretory cells in the epidermis of the head skin of indian major carp, labeo rohita.a series of histochemical procedures were employed to localise and characterise glycoprotein (gp) classes produced by the epithelial cells, the type a and the type b mucous goblet cells (mgcs) and the club cells in the epidermis of labeo rohita. the epithelial cells secreted gps with oxidizable vicinal diols and gps with sialic acid residues without o-acyl substitution in low concentrations. the type a mgcs and the type b mgcs, in contrast, produced these gps in high concentrations. further, the ...201222939776
short-term mercury exposure on na(+)/k(+)-atpase activity and ionoregulation in gill and brain of an indian major carp, cirrhinus mrigala.recently mercury pollution has been increased considerably in aquatic resources throughout the world and it is a growing global concern. in this study, the 96 h lc50 value of waterborne mercuric chloride for cirrhinus mrigala was found to be 0.34 mg/l (with 95% confidence limits). fingerlings of c. mrigala were exposed to 0.068 and 0.034 mg/l of mercuric chloride for 96 h to assess the na(+)/k(+)-atpase activity and ionoregulation (na(+), k(+) and cl(-)) in gill and brain. results showed that na ...201322944584
high throughput mining and characterization of microsatellites from common carp genome.in order to supply sufficient microsatellite loci for high-density linkage mapping, whole genome shotgun (wgs) sequences of the common carp (cyprinus carpio) were assembled and surveyed for microsatellite identification. a total of 79,014 microsatellites were collected which were harbored in 68,827 distinct contig sequences. these microsatellites were characterized in the common carp genome. information of all microsatellites, including previously published bac-based microsatellites, was then st ...201222949831
structural and oxidative changes in the kidney of crucian carp induced by silicon-based quantum dots.silicon-based quantum dots were intraperitoneally injected in carassius auratus gibelio specimens and, over one week, the effects on renal tissue were investigated by following their distribution and histological effects, as well as antioxidative system modifications. after three and seven days, detached epithelial cells from the basal lamina, dilated tubules and debris in the lumen of tubules were observed. at day 7, nephrogenesis was noticed. the reduced glutathione (gsh) concentration decreas ...201222949855
biostatic activity of piscine serum and mucus on myxozoan fish infective stages.since the basis of host specificity in myxozoa, i.e. the differential disposition and extinction of erroneously penetrated myxozoan infective stages in non-susceptible fish hosts, remains puzzling, we aimed to explore the role of the innate immune system in this issue. in a comparative incubation challenge of actinospore sporoplasms of the freshwater parasite species myxobolus cerebralis, henneguya nuesslini and myxobolus pseudodispar to isolates of host and non-host muci and blood sera, we meas ...201222951229
replacement of the human cytomegalovirus promoter with fish enhancer and core elements to control the expression of the g gene of viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv).this work explores some of the possibilities to replace human cytomegalovirus (cmv) core and/or enhancer promoter control elements to create new expression vectors for use with fish. the work is relevant to fish vaccination, since dna vaccines use eukaryotic expression plasmids controlled by the human cytomegalovirus (cmv) promoter to be effective against novirhabdoviruses, such as viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv), one of the most devastating fish viral european diseases. to reduce pos ...201222954890
effect of ploidy on scale-cover pattern in linear ornamental (koi) common carp cyprinus carpio.the effect of ploidy on scale-cover pattern in linear ornamental (koi) common carp cyprinus carpio was investigated. to obtain diploid and triploid linear fish, eggs taken from a leather c. carpio female (genotype ssnn) and sperm taken from a scaled c. carpio male (genotype ssnn) were used for the production of control (no shock) and heat-shocked progeny. in heat-shocked progeny, the 2 min heat shock (40° c) was applied 6 min after insemination. diploid linear fish (genotype ssnn) demonstrated a ...201222957864
β-glucan protects neutrophil extracellular traps against degradation by aeromonas hydrophila in carp (cyprinus carpio).a novel host innate immune defence mechanism against invading pathogens, namely the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (nets), has recently been discovered. these nets are described as dna fibres released by dying neutrophils, which are able to entrap and kill various microbes. here we studied the effect of the feed additive β-glucan, namely macrogard(®), on the degradation of nets by the important fish pathogen aeromonas hydrophila. therefore, common carp (cyprinus carpio) head kidney ...201222959188
pesticide pressure and fish farming in barrage pond in northeastern france. part ii: residues of 13 pesticides in water, sediments, edible fish and their relationships.residues of pesticides in fish farming productions from barrage ponds are seldom studied in spite of increasing health questionings and environmental concerns. the purpose of this study is to establish the pesticide contamination profiles of sediments and edible fish from five ponds in northeastern france. multi-residues method and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis were used to quantify 13 pesticides (azoxystrobin, carbendazim, clomazone, diflufenican, dimethachlor, fluroxy ...201322961490
trypsin inhibitory activity and gel-enhancing effect of sarcoplasmic proteins from common carp.proteinase inhibitory activity of sarcoplasmic protein (sp) extracted from common carp (cyprinus carpio) muscle and its gel-improving ability were investigated. sps displayed 89% and 54% inhibitory activity toward trypsin at 40 and 65 °c, respectively. protein bands with molecular mass of 69, 50, 44, 41, and 35 kda appeared on trypsin inhibitory activity staining under nonreducing condition when incubated at 40 °c, while 2 protein bands at 54 and 35 kda were observed at 65 °c. addition of sp at ...201222978469
the description and host-parasite relationships of a new quadrigyrid species (acanthocephala) from the persian tooth-carp, aphanius farsicus (actinoptreygii: cyprinodontidae) in iran.acanthogyrus (acanthosentis) barmeshoori n. sp. (quadrigyridae) is described from the persian tooth-carp, aphanius farsicus teimori, esmaeili, and reichenbacher, 2011 (cyprinodontidae) in the maharlu lake basin, southern iran. aphanius farsicus is an endemic freshwater fish found in streams and springs that drain into maharlu lake, shiraz, iran. the new species is the smallest of all the 44 known species of the subgenus acanthosentis verma and datta, 1929, measuring between 0.26 and 1.68 mm in l ...201322994245
improving the safety of viral dna vaccines: development of vectors containing both 5' and 3' homologous regulatory sequences from non-viral origin.although some dna vaccines have proved to be very efficient in field trials, their authorisation still remains limited to a few countries. this is in part due to safety issues because most of them contain viral regulatory sequences to driving the expression of the encoded antigen. this is the case of the only dna vaccine against a fish rhabdovirus (a negative ssrna virus), authorised in canada, despite the important economic losses that these viruses cause to aquaculture all over the world. in a ...201323001057
sensitivity of common carp, cyprinus carpio l., strains and crossbreeds reared in the czech republic to infection by cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3; khv). 201323009156
metal accumulation in fish from different zones of a large, shallow freshwater lake.metal (cd, pb, cr, ni, mn, cu, and zn) concentrations in different fish species sampled from two distinct (phytoplankton- and macrophyte-dominated) lake zones of a large, shallow freshwater lake, taihu lake, were investigated. concentrations of most metals in muscle of the small-sized fish (protosalanx hyalocranius, pseudorasbora parva, and rhodeus ocellatus) were always significantly higher than those of the large-sized (carassius auratus, cyprinus carpio, and aristichthys nobilis) and carnivor ...201223009814
microcystin-lr induces cytotoxicity and affects carp immune cells by impairment of their phagocytosis and the organization of the cytoskeleton.microcystin-lr (mc-lr) is the main isoform of hepatotoxin produced by cyanobacteria, which occur worldwide in the aquatic environment. the present study investigated the in vitro toxic mc-lr effects on immune cells isolated from the blood of carp. cells were exposed to different mc-lr concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1 µg ml(-1) for 2, 6 and 24 h. in addition, the effect of the toxin on the phagocytic activity of leukocytes and on actin and tubulin re-organization in phagocytic cells was stud ...201323012226
asteriscus v. lapillus: comparing the chemistry of two otolith types and their ability to delineate riverine populations of common carp cyprinus carpio.the chemical composition of common carp cyprinus carpio asteriscus (vaterite) and lapillus (aragonite) otoliths from the same individual and reflecting the same growth period was measured to (1) determine whether there are differences in the uptake of trace metals (mg:ca, mn:ca, sr:ca and ba:ca ) and sr isotope ratios ((87)sr:(86)sr) in co-precipitating lapilli and asterisci and (2) compare the ability of multi-element and isotopic signatures from lapilli, asterisci and both otolith types combin ...201223020570
two new species of myxobolus (myxozoa: myxosporea: bivalvulida) infecting an indian major carp and a cat fish in wetlands of punjab, india.a survey of parasites of freshwater fishes in kanjali and harike wetlands of punjab (india) revealed the presence of two new myxosporean species belonging to the genus myxobolus bütschli (winter (ed): protozoa, 1882). spores of the first species, m. saugati sp. nov. parasitizing scales of labeo rohita (cypriniformis: cyprinidae) vern. rohu are characterized in having 'spores measuring 8.3 × 6.6 μm in size, oval to spherical in valvular view having rounded anterior and posterior ends; polar capsu ...201123024499
studies on the identification and control of pathogen saprolegnia in selected indian major carp fingerlings at mid hill altitude.the indian major carp cultured in ponds in the north eastern hilly states of india frequently suffer from fungal disease during winter months resulting in mass mortality. this study examined the pathogenic fungi isolated from farmed raised indian major carp fingerlings and identified as saprolegnia. for treatment, the diseased fish were exposed to 4g salt per litre of water for 2 min followed by dip treatment with 5ppm kmno4 for 10 min, thrice every week for a period of 6 weeks. the treatment re ...201223029901
effects of ph on copper accumulation and toxicity in the common carp, cyprinus carpio.static, short-term acute toxicity tests were performed over a period of 96h, using different concentrations of copper on common carp (cyprinus carpio) fingerlings (3.2 +/- 1.1 cm and 0.42 g +/- 0.2 g) at ph 6.5, ph 7.5 and ph 8.5. the effect of copper on carp was significantly high (determined as lc50) at ph 6.5 followed by ph 7.5 and ph 8.5. the lethal toxic effect of copper on common carp was directly proportional to ph. exposure to sub-lethal doses of 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.45 ppm for 15 days ind ...201123029935
assessment of the toxicity of waste water from a textile industry to cyprinus carpio.static, short-term, acute toxicity tests were performed over a period of 96 hrs using different concentrations of influent and effluent of textile industry waste water with the objective of evaluating their acute toxicity on fresh water fish, cyprinus carpio (common carp). the lc50 24, 48, 72 and 96 hr of influent and effluent were 25.9, 21.10, 15.66, 11.11% (v/v) and 63.18, 54.89, 48.62, 36.04% (v/v), respectively. the acute toxic unit tua values for 24, 48, 72, 96 hr for influent and effluent ...201223033675
the administration of exogenous prostaglandin may improve ovulation in pacu (piaractus mesopotamicus).based on the reports of unsuccessful ovulation in pacu (piaractus mesopotamicus) by fish farmers and researchers undertaking artificial reproduction programs, we evaluated the use of prostaglandin f (pgf) to improve pacu ovulation. this study was conducted during two spawning seasons (2009/2010 and 2010/2011) with two samplings in the first season and one sampling in the second season. a total of 45 females was sampled in this study. the control group was injected with carp pituitary extract (cr ...201223043951
low activation and fast inactivation of transducin in carp cones.cone photoreceptors show lower light sensitivity and briefer light responses than rod photoreceptors. the light detection signal in these cells is amplified through a phototransduction cascade. the first step of amplification in the cascade is the activation of a gtp-binding protein, transducin (tr), by light-activated visual pigment (r*). we quantified transducin activation by measuring the binding of gtpγs in purified carp rod and cone membrane preparations with the use of a rapid quench appar ...201223045532
melatonin: a potent candidate in the regulation of fish oocyte growth and maturation.recent studies on several fish species, especially carp, implicated pineal hormone melatonin (n-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) as a potent candidate in the regulatory mechanism of seasonal reproduction. under natural conditions, the temporal pattern of serum melatonin varied with daily light-dark cycle and the reproductive status of the fish as well. carefully controlled study revealed that exogenous administration of melatonin may result in stimulation or inhibition or no influences at all on the ...201323046602
application of fisk, an invasiveness screening tool for non-native freshwater fishes, in the murray-darling basin (southeastern australia).the fish invasiveness scoring kit (fisk) is currently one of the most popular pre-screening tools for freshwater fishes. a recent upgrade has ensured its wider climatic relevance to countries with subtropical regions. this enhancement is of particular importance to australia, which encompasses tropical, arid, and temperate zones, and where the introduction of non-native fish species poses a significant risk to biodiversity. in this study, 55 fish species previously evaluated in a u.k.-based cali ...201323051595
myxobolus musseliusae (myxozoa: myxobolidae) from the gills of common carp cyprinus carpio and revision of myxobolus dispar recorded in china.during a survey of myxozoan parasites of common carp cyprinus carpio in honghu lake, hubei province, china, a parasite was collected that was identified as myxobolus dispar based on an earlier description from china. however, the small subunit ribosomal dna of this species shared only 90 % similarity with m. dispar, instead matching m. musseliusae with 100 % identity. to resolve this apparent taxonomic conflict, the validity of m. dispar reported from china was investigated. the species encounte ...201323052768
effects of dietary histidine on antioxidant capacity in juvenile jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian).in the present study, we tested the hypothesis that dietary histidine could improve antioxidant capacity of juvenile jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian). a total of 1,200 juvenile jian carp were fed graded levels of histidine at 2.3 (unsupplemented control), 4.4, 6.3, 8.6, 10.8 and 12.7 g/kg diet for 60 days. results showed that the content of malondialdehyde (mda) and protein carbonyl (pc) in serum and all tissues apparently decreased with increasing histidine levels up to an optimal level an ...201323053605
cloning, characterization and expression of estrogen receptor beta in the male half-smooth tongue sole, cynoglossus semilaevis.a full-length sequence encoding the estrogen receptor beta was isolated from half-smooth tongue sole, cynoglossus semilaevis (hstserβ) using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and rapid amplification of cdna ends procedures. the hstserβ cdna clone was found to contain 1,791 nucleotides including an open reading frame that encodes 578 amino acids. the deduced hstserβ protein consisted of six nuclear receptor-characteristic domains. based on a phylogenetic analysis, the hstse ...201323053612
derivation of freshwater quality criteria for zinc using interspecies correlation estimation models to protect aquatic life in china.species sensitivity distributions (ssds) are usually used in the development of water quality criteria and require a large number of toxicity values to define a hazard level to protect the majority of species. however, some toxicity data for certain chemicals are limited, especially for endangered and threatened species. thus, it is important to predict the unknown species toxicity data using available toxicity data. to address this need, interspecies correlation estimation (ice) models were dev ...201323058200
vitellogenesis in archigetes sieboldi leuckart, 1878 (cestoda, caryophyllidea, caryophyllaeidae), an intestinal parasite of carp (cyprinus carpio l.).vitellogenesis in the caryophyllidean tapeworm archigetes sieboldi leuckart, 1878, from carp cyprinus carpio l. in slovakia, has been examined using transmission electron microscopy and cytochemical staining with periodic acid-thiosemicarbazide-silver proteinate (pa-tsc-sp) for glycogen. vitelline follicles extend in two lateral bands in the medullary parenchyma along both sides of the monozoic body. they are surrounded by an external basal lamina and contain vitellocytes and an interstitial tis ...201223059891
low prevalence of cyprinid herpesvirus 3 found in common carp (cyprinus carpio carpio) collected from nine locations in the great lakes.cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv3) is a viral disease of fish first detected in the united states in 1998. since that time, mortality events in common carp (cyprinus carpio carpio) have occurred in several locations within the great lakes basin, but not within the great lakes themselves. we sampled 675 carp from 20 sites across the great lakes and lake st. clair, michigan, usa, between 19 july and 26 september 2010. we tested the gill and a pooled internal organ sample from each fish for cyhv3 with ...201223060516
introduction of modern endocrine techniques for the production of monosex population of fishes.of the techniques available to mass-produce a sterile or monosex population, the hormonal induction of sex reversal is the most widely practiced. this paper presents the synthesis of works done on sex reversal using 17α methyltestosterone (17αmt), 17β estradiol, non-steroidal aromatase inhibitors (ais) and oestrogen receptor agonist, tamoxifen in commercially important aquaculture species mossambique tilapia oreochromis mossambicus, nile tilapia oreochromis niloticus, common carp cyprinus carpio ...201323063432
effect of cyanobacteria on immune function of crucian carp (carassius auratus) via chronic exposure in diet.cyanobacterial blooms caused by water eutrophication have become a worldwide problem. microcystins (mcs) released during cyanobacterial blooms exert toxicity on fish. up to now, immunotoxicity of mcs on fish has been rarely reported. the present study investigated immune response of crucian carp (carassius auratus) to cyanobacteria via chronic exposure in diet. fish were fed with diets containing 20% (low dose group) and 40% (high dose group) of cyanobacteria lyophilized powder. after exposure o ...201323063483
molecular cloning and characterization of toll-like receptor 3, and inductive expression analysis of type i ifn, mx and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the indian carp, rohu (labeo rohita).toll-like receptors (tlrs) are one of the key components of innate or non-specific immunity. among various types of tlrs, tlr3 recognizes dsrna, the genetic material or replicative intermediate of many rna viruses and triggers tir-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β dependent signalling pathway to induce type i interferon (ifn) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. in this study, we cloned and characterized full-length tlr3 cdna in rohu (labeo rohita), that comprised of 2,619 bp nucleotide ...201323065215
in vitro inhibition of 7-ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod) and p-nitrophenol hydroxylase (pnph) activities by sesamin in hepatic microsomes from two fish species.in the present study, we investigated the effect of sesamin on cyp1a (7-ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase, erod) and cyp2e1-like activities (p-nitrophenol hydroxylase, pnph) in hepatic microsomes obtained from atlantic salmon (salmo salar) and common carp (cyprinus carpio). addition of sesamin to the incubations in a concentration range from 1 to 200 μm decreased the activities of erod and pnph in a concentration dependent manner. it is likely that the inhibition of erod was mechanism-based as demons ...201323065221
spring viremia of carp virus in minnehaha creek, minnesota.spring viremia of carp virus (svcv) causes a highly contagious and serious disease of freshwater cyprinid fishes, generating significant economic and ecological impacts throughout the world. the svcv is therefore listed as a notifiable pathogen by the international organization for animal health. in june 2011, a significant mortality event of wild common carp cyprinus carpio occurred in minnehaha creek near its confluence with mississippi river pool 2 in minneapolis, minnesota. clinical signs of ...201223072656
involvement of pi3 kinase and map kinase in igf-i and insulin-induced ovarian steroidogenesis in common carp cyprinus carpio.previously, we observed that in vitro steroidogenesis in intact ovarian follicles of common carp cyprinus carpio can alone be induced by recombinant human insulin-like growth factor (igf-i) and bovine insulin (b-insulin) and this induction was gonadotropin-independent. to investigate early signal transduction components involved in this process, the possible role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (pi3 kinase) during ovarian steroidogenesis was examined. igf-i and b-insulin induced testosterone an ...201323073341
thelohanellus niloticus sp. nov. (myxozoa: myxosporea), a parasite of the nile carp labeo niloticus from the river nile, egypt.in the present study, the morphology and morphometric characterization of thelohanellus niloticus sp. nov., a new myxozoan belonging to genus thelohanellus kudo, 1933 (myxosporea, bivalvulida) infecting the gills of labeo niloticus (osteichthyes, cyprinidae), were described for the first time from the river nile at el-minia governorate, egypt. forty-one out of 78 (52.6 %) of the examined fish were infected. the infection was observed as irregular, milky whitish, cyst-like plasmodia (up to 0.8 mm ...201323073570
a consensus linkage map provides insights on genome character and evolution in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) is cultured worldwide and is a major contributor to the world's aquaculture production. the common carp has a complex tetraploidized genome, which may historically experience additional whole genome duplication than most other cyprinids. fine maps for female and male carp were constructed using a mapping panel containing one f1 family with 190 progeny. a total of 1,025 polymorphic markers were used to construct genetic maps. for the female map, 559 microsatellite ...201323073608
selection pressures have driven population differentiation of domesticated and wild common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).selection pressures are the principle evolutionary forces for the genetic differentiation of populations. recent changes in selection pressures on mitochondrial dna and microsatellite have been described in a wide variety of organisms. the common carp (cyprinus carpio) has experienced strong selection pressure, in particular artificial selection, during its domestication. however, the contribution and extent of artificial selection in driving genome-wide population differentiation remain unclear ...201223079816
mechanistic target of rapamycin in common carp: cdna cloning, characterization, and tissue expression.the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mtor) plays a key role in growth and development. in the present study, a cdna encoding mtor protein was identified from common carp cyprinus carpio muscle. the open reading frame of this cdna encodes 2515 deduced amino acid residues that showed high sequence similarity with its zebrafish danio rerio counterparts. bioinformatic analysis showed that the protein belongs to the pi-3 kinase family. the putative protein has fat, frb, pi3kc, and fatc domains, which ...201323085275
cadmium and copper reduce hematopoietic potential in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) head kidney.the effects of cadmium and copper on activity of common carp head kidney hematopoietic tissue were evaluated. the fish were subjected to short-term (3 h, cd-s and cu-s) or long-term (4 weeks, cd-l and cu-l) exposures to 100% 96hlc₅₀ or 10% 96hlc₅₀, respectively. head kidneys were isolated weekly from 5 fish of each group for 4 weeks (post-short-term exposure and during long-term exposure). percentage of early blast cells among the hematopoietic precursors was calculated. proliferative and apopto ...201323086609
abnormal cerebellar development and ataxia in carp viii morphant zebrafish.congenital ataxia and mental retardation are mainly caused by variations in the genes that affect brain development. recent reports have shown that mutations in the ca8 gene are associated with mental retardation and ataxia in humans and ataxia in mice. the gene product, carbonic anhydrase-related protein viii (carp viii), is predominantly present in cerebellar purkinje cells, where it interacts with the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1, a calcium channel. in this study, we investiga ...201323087022
direct antibacterial activity of cd8+/cd4+ t-cells in ginbuna crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii.cytotoxic t cells (ctls) constitute an important component of the specific effector mechanism in killing against microbial-infected or transformed cells. in addition to these activities, recent studies in mammals have suggested that ctls can exhibit direct antimicrobial activity. therefore, the present investigation was conducted to find out the microbicidal activity of cd8α(+) t cells of ginbuna crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii. the cd8α(+) t cells from immunised ginbuna exhibited th ...201323089524
characterization of chicken visfatin gene: cdna cloning, tissue distribution, and promoter analysis.here we report the cloning and characterization of chicken visfatin (also called pre-b cell enhancing factor; pbef, or nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase; nampt) gene. sequence analyses revealed that the coding region of visfatin is 1,482 bp in length and encodes a protein of 493 amino acids, which shares high amino acid sequence identity not only to visfatin of human (94%), rat (94%), carp (89%), and zebrafish (89%), but also to nampt of sponge (58%) and cyanobacterium (48%). the reverse tr ...201223091147
toxicity of citrate-capped silver nanoparticles in common carp (cyprinus carpio).juvenile common carp (cyprinus carpio) were used as a model to investigate acute toxicity and oxidative stress caused by silver nanoparticles (ag-nps). the fish were exposed to different concentrations of ag-nps for 48 h and 96 h. after exposure, antioxidant enzyme levels were measured, including glutathione-s-transferase (gst), superoxidase dismutase, and catalase (cat). other biochemical parameters and histological abnormalities in different tissues (i.e., the liver, gills, and brain) were als ...201223093839
microscopy and microanalysis of hematological parameters in common carp, cyprinus carpio, inhabiting a polluted lake in north east india.optical and scanning electron microscopy (sem) of red blood cells (rbcs) of common carp, cyprinus carpio, inhabiting a polluted lake in northeast india revealed a number of abnormalities. about 7% of the rbc showed the presence of a micronucleus, besides the presence of some bi-nucleated and abnormally shaped nuclei. rbcs, white blood cells, and hemoglobin content were found to be reduced significantly as compared to the control. sem showed the presence of spherocytes, early stages of echinocyte ...201223095447
structurally conserved c-rfa revealed prolactin releasing activity in vitro and gene expression changes in pituitary of seasonally acclimatized carp.here we show the cloning and characterization of a novel homolog of prepro c-rfa cdna from cyprinus carpio. the deduced preprohormone precursor of 115 amino acids leads to a mature bioactive peptide of 20 amino acids with identical sequence to other teleost c-rfa. modeling of the mature c-rfa peptide highlighted significant similarity to homologous human prrp20, specifically the conserved amphipathic system defined by the c-terminal alpha-helix. clearly, the synthetic c-rfa peptide stimulated pr ...201223096363
characterization of vibrio species isolated from freshwater fishes by ribotyping.three vibrio species from the resident microflora of gastrointestinal tract of freshwater carps and prawns were isolated and confirmed biochemically as v. fluvialis from cyprinus carpio/labeo rohita; v. parahaemolyticus from macrobrachium rosenbergii and v. harveyi from macrobrachium malcomsoni. the genetic relationship among these vibrio species was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification of 16s rrna gene followed by restriction digestion with hae iii, bam hi and pst i. den ...201023100815
a comparative study of accumulated total mercury among white muscle, red muscle and liver tissues of common carp and silver carp from the sanandaj gheshlagh reservoir in iran.the sanandaj gheshlagh reservoir (sgr) is a mercury polluted lake that is located in the west of iran. common carp (cyprinus carpio) and silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix) are the most abundant fishes in the sgr. a total of 48 common and silver carps (24 each) were captured randomly, using 50×6 m gill net (mesh size: 5×5 cm) during july to december 2009. each month, the levels of accumulated total mercury (t-hg) in white muscle, red muscle and liver tissues of these fishes were measured u ...201323107055
aggregation and structural changes of silver carp actomyosin as affected by mild acidification with d-gluconic acid δ-lactone.the structural changes and aggregation properties of silver carp actomyosin acidified with d-gluconic acid-δ-lactone (gdl) were investigated. results showed that silver carp actomyosin underwent aggregation and formation of precipitate as indicated by turbidity and centrifugation coupled electrophoresis analysis. circular dichroism indicated that myosin rod unfolded during acidification, resulting in a gradual decrease in α-helical content. the changes in tertiary structure of actomyosin under a ...201223107720
enhancement of reproductive performances of gangetic leaffish, nandus nandus through up regulation of serum ca²⁺ concentration, improved morphological alteration of liver and ovary with dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids.incorporation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas) as biofunctional compounds with feed is an effective way for gonadal maturation without any hazardous effects on animal health, and thus it is possible to save the vulnerable species from the danger of extinction. in the present study sperm quality, level of ca(2+) concentration in serum, histological structure of the liver and developmental stages of ovary of an endangered fish species, nandus nandus were investigated for the confirmation of ...201323108804
analysis of genome survey sequences and ssr marker development for siamese mud carp, henicorhynchus siamensis, using 454 pyrosequencing.siamese mud carp (henichorynchus siamensis) is a freshwater teleost of high economic importance in the mekong river basin. however, genetic data relevant for delineating wild stocks for management purposes currently are limited for this species. here, we used 454 pyrosequencing to generate a partial genome survey sequence (gss) dataset to develop simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers from h. siamensis genomic dna. data generated included a total of 65,954 sequence reads with average length of 264 ...201223109823
genome-wide snp discovery from transcriptome of four common carp strains.single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) have been used as genetic marker for genome-wide association studies in many species. gene-associated snps could offer sufficient coverage in trait related research and further more could themselves be causative snps for traits. common carp (cyprinus carpio) is one of the most important aquaculture species in the world accounting for nearly 14% of freshwater aquaculture production. there are various strains of common carp with different economic traits, how ...201223110192
do wild fish species contribute to the transmission of koi herpesvirus to carp in hatchery ponds?the koi herpesvirus (khv) has spread worldwide since its discovery in 1998 and causes disease and mortality in koi and common carp populations with a high impact on the carp production industry. many investigations have been conducted to examine ways of distribution and to identify possible transmission vectors. the answers, however, raise many new questions. in the present study, different wild fish species taken from carp ponds with a history of khv infection were examined for their susceptibi ...201323121232
new biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis.rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is a common autoimmune disease affecting around 1% of the population. although major advances have been made in the treatment of ra, still relatively little is known on disease pathogenesis and aetiology. from treatment studies it has become clear that treating patients early in their disease course will provide the best results. however, especially in the early phase of arthritis, in particular when the patients do not yet fulfil the criteria for ra, it is difficult to ...201223123533
effect of fish collagen modification on its thermal and rheological properties.this report describes the effects of different methods of silver carp collagen crosslinking on its properties, particularly their thermal, mechanical viscoelastic and biological behavior. enzymatic analyses and determination of the degree of crosslinking showed the stabilizing effect of both dehydrothermal (dht) and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (edc)/n-hydroxysuccinimide (nhs) treatments on fish collagen. the results of the thermal (dsc) measurements demonstrated that collagen c ...201323123959
biomarker responses in caged carp (cyprinuscarpio) and native collected fish (leporinus obtusidens) in the río de la plata estuary, argentina.punta lara is located in the río de la plata estuary near industrial areas contaminated mainly by organic pollutants. in this work, the responses and status of hepatic biomarkers were studied in juvenile carp (cyprinus carpio) by means of a 21-day field exposure in cages and collection of juvenile native fish (leporinus obtusidens) at punta lara. the analyzed hepatic biomarkers were: enzymatic activity of glutathione-s-transferase (gst), catalase (cat) and superoxide dismutase (sod), lipid perox ...201423125150
differential responses in ammonia excretion, sodium fluxes and gill permeability explain different sensitivities to acute high environmental ammonia in three freshwater teleosts.we examined the acute physiological responses to high environmental ammonia (hea), particularly the linkages between branchial ammonia fluxes and unidirectional na(+) fluxes, as well as urea excretion, cortisol, and indicators of gill permeability in three freshwater teleosts differing in their sensitivities to ammonia; the highly sensitive salmonid oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout), the less sensitive cyprinid cyprinus carpio (common carp) and the highly resistant cyprinid carassius auratus ( ...201323143040
emergence of fatal european genotype cyhv-3/khv in mainland china.cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3), also known as koi herpesvirus (khv), is a highly infectious causative agent to common carp and koi worldwide. the virus is mainly consisted of european and asian genotype isolates. to date, no european genotype cyhv-3 has been found emerging in the east and southeast asian regions. in late march 2011, an outbreak of cyhv-3 disease occurred in guangzhou city, guangdong province, china, resulting in the deaths of approximately 200 large-sized adult koi within four ...201323146169
effect of cadmium chloride on secretion of 17β-estradiol by the ovarian follicles of common carp, cyprinus carpio.cadmium (cd(2+)) is a common environmental pollutant present in wastes associated with mining, smelting and electroplating. it is a major constituent of the tobacco smoke. exposure of this heavy metal has been linked to wide range of detrimental effects on mammalian reproduction particularly on ovarian steroidogenesis. low doses of cd(2+) are reported to stimulate ovarian luteal progesterone synthesis whereas high doses inhibited it. cd(2+) exposure is also reported to inhibit gonadal function i ...201323146792
resampling the bioconcentration factors data from japan's chemical substances control law database to simulate and evaluate the bioconcentration factors derived from minimized aqueous exposure tests.existing standard bioconcentration tests (e.g., the organization for economic cooperation and development [oecd] test guideline 305) require large numbers of test animals and resources. the minimized aqueous exposure test is a new approach based on the standard bioconcentration test but allows estimation of bioconcentration factor (bcf) by minimized sampling of the test fish. the authors collected bcf data (298 curves from 155 chemicals, using common carp as test species) from japan's chemical s ...201323147916
metazoan parasites of the common carp (cyprinus carpio l., 1758) from tahtalı dam lake (izmir).the aim of this study was identification of the parasites of the common carp from tahtalı dam lake.201223169163
analysis of koi herpesvirus latency in wild common carp and ornamental koi in oregon, usa.koi herpesvirus (khv) infection is associated with high mortalities in both common carp (cyprinus carpio carpio) and koi carp (cyprinus carpio koi) worldwide. although acute infection has been reported in both domestic and wild common carp, the status of khv latent infection is largely unknown in wild common carp. to investigate whether khv latency is present in wild common carp, the distribution of khv latent infection was investigated in two geographically distinct populations of wild common c ...201323174162
distribution and relationships of as, cd, pb and hg in freshwater fish from five french fishing areas.the concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead in 149 muscle samples of eight freshwater fish species (european eel, bream, common carp, european catfish, roach, perch, pike and pikeperch) from five different french fishing areas from contaminated and control sites were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after microwave digestion under pressure. no significant correlation was found between the condition factor (cf), based on the length-mass relationship, and as, c ...201323177713
identification of anti-viral cytotoxic effector cells in the ginbuna crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii.previous studies have suggested that anti-viral cytotoxic effector cells induced by infection with a sublethal dose of crucian carp hematopoietic necrosis virus (chnv) correspond to mammalian cytotoxic t-lymphocytes (ctls), because the mrna expression patterns of the effector cells are similar to those of mammalian ctls. to further characterize the effector population in cell-mediated cytotoxic (cmc) activity, we isolated the effector cells using an anti-cd8α monoclonal antibody, a density gradi ...201323178409
bioacumulation of cyanotoxins in hypophthalmichthys molitrix (silver carp) in paranoá lake, brasilia-df, brazil.three individuals of silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix) were collected biweekly from paranoá lake (df, brazil) for analysis of microcystin (mc) concentrations in their muscle and liver tissue. analysis by high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry revealed mc masses and fragmentation patterns that were identified as mc-lr (995.04 m/z), mc-la (909.01 m/z) and an unknown mc (987.07 m/z). concentrations were calculated as mc-lr equivalents using a calibration curve prepared ...201323179164
sperm cryopreservation of the indian major carp, labeo calbasu: effects of cryoprotectants, cooling rates and thawing rates on egg fertilization.a sperm cryopreservation protocol for the indian major carp, labeo calbasu, was developed for long-term preservation and artificial fertilization. milt collected from mature male fish were placed in alsever's solution (296mosmolkg(-1)) to immobilize the sperm. cryoprotectant toxicity was evaluated by motility assessment with dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) and methanol at 5, 10 and 15% concentrations. dmso was more toxic at higher concentrations than methanol, and consequently 15% dmso was excluded fr ...201223182472
clonal growth of carp (cyprinus carpio) t cells in vitro: long-term proliferation of th2-like cells.carp kidney leukocytes co-cultured with a supporting cell layer resulted in proliferation of polyclonal cd4(+) αβt cells as described previously. these bulk-cultured t cells expressed transcripts for both t helper 1 cells (th1) master regulator (t-bet) and t helper 2 cells (th2) master regulator (gata-3). to identify the th subsets in bulk-cultured t cells, single cells were picked up from the bulk culture, proliferated, and characterized. the majority of the clones displayed characteristics con ...201323182723
cyprinid herpesvirus 3 infection disrupts the skin barrier of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (cyhv-3) is recognised as a pathogen which causes mass mortality in populations of carp, cyprinus carpio. one of the characteristic symptoms of the disease associated with cyhv-3 infection is the occurrence of skin lesions, sloughing off the epithelium and a lack of mucus. furthermore, fish then seem to be more susceptible to secondary infections by bacterial, parasitic or fungal pathogens which may cause further mortality within the population. the observed pathological a ...201323182910
culture of common carp (cyprinus carpio) with defined flesh quality for prevention of cardiovascular diseases using finishing feeding strategy.fish is the major source of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 pufa) which are well known to have positive effects in prevention of cardiovascular diseases. this study investigated the possibility to produce common carp with defined flesh quality using finishing feeding strategy and predict changes of fillet fa by a dilution model.201223183512
toxicological effects of the antibiotic oxytetracycline to an indian major carp labeo rohita.oxytetracycline (otc), an antibacterial agent, is extensively used in aquaculture practices all over the world. despite its use, the toxicity of otc to freshwater fish has been scarcely investigated. in this study, labeo rohita were exposed to different concentrations (20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 mg l(-1)) of otc. based on the survival-to-mortality ratio, an 80 mg l(-1) concentration was selected for sublethal toxicity analysis. fish were exposed to the above-mentioned concentration for a perio ...201323192588
ultrastructural observations on merogonic and gamogonic stages of goussia carpelli (apicomplexa, coccidia) in experimentally infected common carp cyprinus carpio.ultrastructural features of merogonic and gamogonic stages of goussia carpelli, a coccidian parasite of carp are described. the parasite developed along lines often found in eimerian parasites in the apical portion of intestinal epithelial cells. after laboratory infection, merogonic stages were found at days 2 to 7 post exposure (pe). meronts gave rise to 12 to 20 merozoites by endomerogony. gamogonic stages occurred between days 7 and 9 pe. young macrögamonts developed in parasitophorous vacuo ...201123194612
intestinal barrier of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) during a cyprinid herpesvirus 3-infection: molecular identification and regulation of the mrna expression of claudin encoding genes.as a major part of tight junctions in the intestinal epithelium of vertebrates, claudin proteins are crucial to develop a selective permeable function and to maintain integrity of the barrier. the intestine has been reported as one of the targeted tissue of the cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) or koi herpesvirus (khv) which causes major disease problems in carp production worldwide. to analyse the impact of the disease on the epithelial barrier of the intestine, carp claudin encoding genes were c ...201323194746
light and electron microscopic studies on various developmental stages of hoferellus cyprini (doflein, 1898).the development of hoferellus cyprini (myxosporea) in common carp was studied by light and electron microscopy. it has been established that in the autumn the early developmental stages are located in a cell syncytium formed from the epithelium of the renal tubules. the authors share the opinion of lom and dyková [13] that each intracellular trophozoite corresponds to a primary parasitic cell which contains secondary, tertiary and quaternary cells having formed by internal cleavage. from decembe ...198823195094
the influence of dietary β-glucan, pamp exposure and aeromonas salmonicida on apoptosis modulation in common carp (cyprinus carpio).the association between β-glucan (macrogard®) supplemented feed and apoptosis in immune-related organs of common carp (cyprinus carpio) was studied using fluorescence microscopy and real-time pcr. in addition the effect of aeromonas salmonicida, lps and poly(i:c) injections on this relationship was evaluated. whilst acridine orange staining revealed that apoptosis levels were independent of macrogard® and lps/poly(i:c) administration or their combination, it was shown that injection with a. salm ...201223198291
restoring catalytic activity to the human carbonic anhydrase (ca) related proteins viii, x and xi affords isoforms with high catalytic efficiency and susceptibility to anion inhibition.mutation of amino acid residues 94, 96 and 119 to histidine(s) in the human carbonic anhydrase (ca, ec 4.2.1.1) related proteins carp viii, x and xi restored the zinc binding and catalytic activity for the hydration of co(2) to bicarbonate. ca viii, x and xi thus obtained showed high catalytic activity (67.3-92.0% of the activity of hca ii and much higher compared to hca i) and were inhibited in the milli-micromolar range by inorganic anions, sulfamide, sulfamic acid, phenylboronic acid and phen ...201323200251
neuroendocrine-immune interaction: regulation of inflammation via g-protein coupled receptors.neuroendocrine- and immune systems interact in a bi-directional fashion to communicate the status of pathogen recognition to the brain and the immune response is influenced by physiological changes. the network of ligands and their receptors involved includes cytokines and chemokines, corticosteroids, classical pituitary hormones, catecholamines and neuropeptides (e.g. opioids), as well as neural pathways. we studied the role of opioid, adrenergic and melatonin g-protein coupled receptors (gpcr) ...201323201149
polymorphisms in myostatin gene and associations with growth traits in the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).myostatin (mstn) is a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily that negatively regulates skeletal muscle development and growth. in the present study, partial genomic fragments of mstn were screened for single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in selected common carp individuals from wild populations, and two snps in intron 2 (c.371 + 749a > g, c.371 + 781t > c) and two synonymous snps in exon 3 (c.42a > g, c.72c > t) were identified. genotyping by direct sequencing of polymerase cha ...201223203105
[microsatellite markers for parentage identification in jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian)].using 16 microsatellite loci we estimated the parentage of 647 progeny in 10 jian carp full-sib families. cervus 3.0 analysis showed that mean pic value of 16 microsatellites, mean number of allele, and mean expected heterozygosity were 0.7025, 6.63, and 0.7405, respectively. the combined probability of exclusion was 0.99922456 when both parents were unknown and the combined probability of exclusion was 0.99999557 when only one of the parental genotype was known, with the confidence level of 95% ...201223208142
neuroendocrine modulation of the inflammatory response in common carp: adrenaline regulates leukocyte profile and activity.inflammatory responses have to be carefully controlled, as high concentrations and/or prolonged action of inflammation-related molecules (e.g. reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines) can be detrimental to host tissue and organs. one of the potential regulators of the inflammatory process are stress mediators including adrenaline. in vivo effects of adrenaline were studied during zymosan-induced (z) peritoneal inflammation in the common carp cyprinus carpio l. adrena ...201323211751
formation of biogenic amines in crucian carp (carassius auratus) during storage in ice and at 4°c.the formation of eight biogenic amines (bas), total volatile base nitrogen (tvb-n), aerobic plate counts (apc), and sensory evaluation in crucian carp (carassius auratus) during storage in ice and at 4°c were investigated. the sum of contents of all eight biogenic amines (sba) in crucian carp increased from 49.82 to 197.09 mg/kg on day 36 when stored in ice and from 49.82 to 219.35 mg/kg on day 24 when stored at 4°c. tvb-n content increased with storage time; good relationships between tvb-n con ...201223212022
[characteristics of heavy metal pollution in daninghe river and modaoxi river of three gorges reservoir areas].in order to explore the potential ecological risk of heavy metals in three gorges reservoir areas, the present study analyzed the heavy metals in sediments and wild crucain carp from daning river and modaoxi river which are two typical tributaries, and then the potential risk was evaluated using potential ecological risk index for sediments and comprehensive pollution index for fish, respectively. the results showed that concentrations of zn and cr were higher (daning river: 78.31 and 83.98 mg x ...201223213878
effect of modified atmosphere packaging on the course of physical and chemical changes in chilled muscle tissue of silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix, v.).the effect of two types of modified atmosphere (ma1: 69% n2, 25% co2, 5% o2, 1% co; ma2: 70% n2, 30% co2) on changes in physical and chemical parameters (ph, a(w)--water activity, tvbn - total volatile basic nitrogen, tma - trimethylamine, ffa - free fatty acids, pv - peroxide value, tba--thiobarbituric acid) in muscle tissues of the silver carp was monitored in the study. the samples were stored at temperatures +2 +/- 2 degrees c for 18 days. changes in gas volumes (co2 and o2) in mas were also ...201223214362
anatoxin-a induces apoptosis of leukocytes and decreases the proliferative ability of lymphocytes of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) in vitro.cyanobacteria (cyanophyta, cyanoprocaryota, cyanobacteria) (blue-green algae) are procaryotic phototrophic microorganisms playing an important ecological role in the freshwater and marine environment as primary producers. however, as a consequence of water eutrophication observed in many reservoirs in different parts of the world, these microorganisms form massive scums, known as water blooms, releasing cyanotoxins hazardous to fish and other aquatic organisms. cyanotoxins are cyanobacterial sec ...201223214375
in vivo response of melatonin, gonadal activity and biochemical changes during cyp19 inhibited sex reversal in common carp cyprinus carpio (l).cyp19 aromatase is the key enzyme in vertebrate steroidogenesis, catalyzing the conversion of c19 androgens to 17β-estradiol (e(2)). the objective of the present study was to assess the effect of the cyp19 inhibitors (ais) fadrozole and anastrozole on gonadal development and sex differentiation in cyprinus carpio and investigate the possible involvement of in vivo melatonin (mlt) production during sex differentiation. the cyp19 activity in 30 day-post fertilized (30 dpf) fingerlings was inhibite ...201323218911
oxidative stress parameters and anti-apoptotic response to hydroxyl radicals in fish erythrocytes: protective effects of glutamine, alanine, citrulline and proline.the present study explored the protective effects of glutamine (gln), alanine (ala), citrulline (cit) and proline (pro) on hydroxyl radical (·oh)-induced apoptosis in isolated carp erythrocytes. hydroxyl radicals were generated by ferrous ion (fe(2+))-mediated decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)) (fenton reaction). in order to select an optimal ·oh concentration to induce apoptosis, cultures were treated with different concentrations of feso(4)/h(2)o(2) (0 μm/0 μm-50 μm/25 μm). the resu ...201323220409
establishment and characterization of permanent cell line from gill tissue of labeo rohita (hamilton) and its application in gene expression and toxicology.rohu gill cell line (lrg) was established from gill tissue of indian major carp (labeo rohita), a freshwater fish cultivated in india. the cell line was maintained in leibovitz's l-15 supplemented with 10 % foetal bovine serum (fbs). this cell line has been sub-cultured more than 85 passages over a period of 2 years. the lrg cell line consists of both epithelial and fibroblastic-like cells. the cells were able to grow at a wide range of temperatures from 22 to 32 °c, the optimum temperature bein ...201323224722
catalasic activity in fish liver: improvement of the uv to visible analytic method.antioxidative defenses and more especially catalasic activity (cat) are studied in a large range of scientific research thematics. in environmental sciences, the problematic of oxidative stress is of great interest as pollutants can induce perturbations of redox homeostasis. consequently, changes in antioxidative defenses levels in fish tissues and particularly in liver are used as potential biomarkers of pollution. in most studies, the cat was assayed by following during 5 min the consumption o ...201323224832
intensity of parasitic infestation in silver carp, hypophthalmichthys molitrix.silver carp, hypopthalmichthys molitrix is one of the most economically valuable fish species in bangladesh. however, its production is often hindered by parasite-induced mortality. the present study reports the intensity of parasitic infestation in 216 specimens of h. molitrix collected from different fish markets in rajshahi city, bangladesh. nine different parasite species (trichodina pediculatus, dactylogyrus vastator, ichthyophthirius multifilis, gyrodactylus elegans, lernaea sp., apiosoma ...201223225858
cardiac ankyrin repeat protein attenuates cardiac hypertrophy by inhibition of erk1/2 and tgf-β signaling pathways.it has been reported that cardiac ankyrin repeat protein is associated with heart development and diseases. this study is aimed to investigate the role of carp in heart hypertrophy in vivo.201223227174
magnetic alignment in carps: evidence from the czech christmas fish market.while magnetoreception in birds has been studied intensively, the literature on magnetoreception in bony fish, and particularly in non-migratory fish, is quite scarce. we examined alignment of common carps (cyprinus carpio) at traditional christmas sale in the czech republic. the sample comprised measurements of the directional bearings in 14,537 individual fish, distributed among 80 large circular plastic tubs, at 25 localities in the czech republic, during 817 sampling sessions, on seven subse ...201223227241
an integrated assessment of sediment remediation in a midwestern u.s. stream using sediment chemistry, water quality, bioassessment, and fish biomarkers.a comprehensive biological, sediment, and water quality study of the lower little scioto river near marion, ohio, usa, was undertaken to evaluate the changes or improvements in biotic measurements following the removal of creosote-contaminated sediment. the study area covered 7.5 river miles (rms), including a remediated section between rms 6.0 and 6.8. fish and macroinvertebrate assemblages, fish biomarkers (i.e., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon [pah] metabolite levels in white sucker [castosto ...201323233343
development and characterization of cell line from the gill tissue of catla catla (hamilton, 1822) for toxicological studies.catla gill cell line (icg) was established from gill tissue of indian major carp (catla catla), a freshwater fish cultivated in india. the cell line was maintained in leibovitz's l-15 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. these cells have been sub-cultured more than 55 passages over a period of 2 years. the icg cell line consists predominantly of epithelial-like cells. the cells were able to grow at a wide range of temperatures from 24°c to 32°c with an optimum temperature of 28°c. the growt ...201323237299
alterations in activity and mrna expression of acetylcholinesterase in the liver, kidney and gill of common carp exposed to atrazine and chlorpyrifos.insecticides and herbicides are widely used in modern agricultural production. the intensive use of insecticide chlorpyrifos (cpf) and herbicide atrazine (atr) has resulted in serious environmental problems. herein, we investigated alteration in activity and mrna levels of ache in the liver, kidney and gill from common carp after 40d exposure to cpf and atr alone or in combination and 20d recovery treatment. results indicated that activity and mrna levels of ache at all high-dose groups have bee ...201323237783
temperature dependence of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum ca2+ atpase expression in fish hearts.cardiac function in fish acclimates to long-term temperature shifts by generating compensatory changes in structure and function of sarcoplasmic reticulum (sr) including the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum ca(2+)-atpase (serca2). the current study compares temperature responses of the cardiac serca in two fish species, burbot (lota lota) and crucian carp (carassius carassius), which differ in regard to thermal tolerance and activity pattern. burbot are cold stenothermal and cold-active, while cruci ...201323239195
autoimmunity in rheumatoid arthritis: different antigens--common principles.since the identification of antibodies directed against citrullinated protein antibodies (acpa) as specific serological markers for rheumatoid arthritis (ra) the insight into the pathogenesis of ra has made significant progress. it is now realised that ra does not represent one disease entity, as acpa-positive and acpa-negative ra differ in several important aspects. for example, the most prominent genetic risk factors, the human leucocyte antigen shared epitope alleles only predispose to acpa-p ...201323253931
the effects of caudal fin amputation on metabolic interaction between digestion and locomotion in juveniles of three cyprinid fish species with different metabolic modes.metabolic competitive modes between digestion and locomotion are classified into three categories, termed the additive, digestion- and locomotion-priority modes. in nature, the caudal fin is frequently observed to sustain damage as a result of social rank, predation or disease. to test whether the metabolic mode changed differently for fish with different metabolic mode after caudal fin amputation as a consequence of intensified energy competition, we investigated the swimming performance of fas ...201323269108
studies on trichodinid and chilodonellid ciliophorans (protozoa: ciliophora) in the indian freshwater and estuarine fishes with description of trichodinella sunderbanensis sp. nov. and trichodina nandusi sp. nov.a comprehensive icthyoparasotological survey among estuarine and freshwater fishes of west bengal, india revealed trichodinella sunderbanensis sp. nov. and trichodina acuta lom, 1961 from an estuarine fish mystus gulio (hamilton, 1822) from the vidyadhari river; trichodina nandusi sp. nov. from a freshwater fish, nandus nandus (hamilton-buchanan); chilodonella hexasticha (kiernik, 1909) kahl, 1931 from freshwater fishes labeo rohita (hamilton, 1822); and cyprinus carpio linnaeus, 1758 from the r ...201223269510
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