Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| genetic diversity in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes. | wheat is one most important cereal crops grown in ethiopia. yet, keeping in view insufficient information on exotic bread wheat genotypes is limiting the access to useful traits present among the genotypes in the somali region of ethiopia. the aim of the study was to assess the extent of genetic diversity among bread wheat genotypes. twenty six bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes obtained from icarda-cimmyt were tested at gode and kelafo research sites at three cropping seasons (2009/10 ... | 2013 | 24511742 |
| [host-parasite metabolic relationship between puccinia graminis var. tritici and triticum vulgare (wheat) : i. uptake of amino acids from the host]. | rust infected wheat plants were incubated with different (14c)-labelled amino acids. uredospores that were formed during the incubation contained (14)c-activity. by analysis of these spores it was investigated whether the parasitic mycelium of puccinia graminis takes amino acids from the host. it could be demonstrated that the applicated amino acids were taken up directly from the wheat leaf. the carbon sceletons of applicated lysine and arginine showed only little randomization of (14)c-activit ... | 1969 | 24515556 |
| [host-parasite metabolic relationship between puccinia graminis var. tritici and triticum vulgare (wheat) : ii. uptake of hexoses from the host]. | rust infected leaves of wheat plants were incubated with glucose-(14)c. uredospores which were formed during the application of the tracer were analyzed. all isolated compounds were labeled with (14)c. when germinating uredospores were incubated directly with (14)c-glucose, the isolated glutamic acid, arginine and lysine had practically no radioactivity. these compounds did, however, contain considerable (14)c-activity when they were isolated from uredospores formed on leaves that had been treat ... | 1969 | 24515592 |
| protein composition of wheat gluten polymer fractions determined by quantitative two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and tandem mass spectrometry. | certain wheat gluten proteins form large protein polymers that are extractable in 0.5% sds only after sonication. although there is a strong relationship between the amounts of these polymers in the flour and bread-making quality, the protein components of these polymers have not been thoroughly investigated. | 2014 | 24517725 |
| amplification of aba biosynthesis and signaling through a positive feedback mechanism in seeds. | abscisic acid is an essential hormone for seed dormancy. our previous study using the plant gene switch system, a chemically induced gene expression system, demonstrated that induction of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (nced), a rate-limiting aba biosynthesis gene, was sufficient to suppress germination in imbibed arabidopsis seeds. here, we report development of an efficient experimental system that causes amplification of nced expression during seed maturation. the system was created with a ... | 2014 | 24520869 |
| molecular mapping and improvement of leaf rust resistance in wheat breeding lines. | leaf rust, caused by puccinia triticina, is the most common and widespread disease of wheat (triticum aestivum) worldwide. deployment of host-plant resistance is one of the strategies to reduce losses due to leaf rust disease. the objective of this study was to map genes for adult-plant resistance to leaf rust in a recombinant inbred line (ril) population originating from mn98550-5/mn99394-1. the mapping population of 139 rils and five checks were evaluated in 2005, 2009, and 2010 in five enviro ... | 2014 | 24521485 |
| [the dose response relations in geotropic and phototropic stimulation: comparison of mono-with dicotyledonous plants]. | the increase in the geotropic curvatures of avena coleoptiles and lens epicotyls is linear and proportional to the time of stimulation. with low stimulation the sensitivities of both objects are equal; with longer stimulation the curvature of avena coleoptiles is somewhat greater.to increased phototropic irradiance lens epicotyls react with a first and a second positive curvature. between the two ranges of curvature (from about 10,000 up to 1,000,000 lx · sec) they are phototropically insensitiv ... | 1967 | 24522545 |
| gluten and wheat intolerance today: are modern wheat strains involved? | celiac disease is a food-induced enteropathy resulting from exposure to gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. the non-celiac gluten sensitivity (ncgs) is a less known syndrome whose prevalence is under-estimated. the last decades have seen changes in the clinical presentation of both diseases. one possible explanation is that changes in the gluten-rich cereals themselves were the principal causes. celiac-triggering gluten proteins are indeed expressed to higher levels in modern cereals ... | 0 | 24524657 |
| analysis of high pi α-amy-1 gene family members expressed in late maturity α-amylase in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | late maturity α-amylase (lma) is a genetic defect involving the synthesis of high pi isozymes of α-amylase encoded by α-amy-1 genes during the later stages of grain development. the aims of this investigation were to determine both the number of expressed α-amy-1 genes and their relative transcript abundance. sub-cloning and sequencing of expressed high pi α-amylase genes in developing wheat seeds revealed three insertion/deletion patterns in the 3' untranslated region and numerous single nucleo ... | 2014 | 24532978 |
| development of a sensitive monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the analysis of paclobutrazol residue in wheat kernel. | an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icelisa) was developed with monoclonal antibody (mab) mab6h73c9 recognizing the plant growth regulator paclobutrazol (pbz). the icelisa had a half-maximum inhibition concentration (ic50) and working range of approximately 8.7 and 2.0-50.4 ng/ml, respectively. average recoveries of pbz in the wheat (triticum aestivum) kernel samples were between 84.3 and 118.9% with relative standard deviations between 3.9 and 14.2%. as determined by the ... | 2014 | 24547795 |
| flow cytometric chromosome sorting from diploid progenitors of bread wheat, t. urartu, ae. speltoides and ae. tauschii. | chromosomes 5a (u) , 5s and 5d can be isolated from wild progenitors, providing a chromosome-based approach to develop tools for breeding and to study the genome evolution of wheat. the three subgenomes of hexaploid bread wheat originated from triticum urartu (a(u)a(u)), from a species similar to aegilops speltoides (ss) (progenitor of the b genome), and from ae. tauschii (dd). earlier studies indicated the potential of chromosome genomics to assist gene transfer from wild relatives of wheat and ... | 2014 | 24553964 |
| qualitative/quantitative strategy for the determination of glufosinate and metabolites in plants. | a simple method for the simultaneous determination of glufosinate and itsmetabolites in plants based on liquid chromatography–ultraviolet (lc–uv) absorption detection after derivatization with fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl chloride (fmoc-cl) of some analytes to facilitate separation is reported here. nonavailable standard metabolites were identified by lc–tof/mass spectrometry (ms), which also confirmed all target analytes. ultrasound-assisted extraction was used for sample preparation (power of 70 w ... | 2014 | 24555202 |
| growth behavior studies of bread wheat plant exposed to municipal landfill leachate. | pot experiments were carried out to study the effect of different dilutions of leachate generated from municipal solid waste (msw) landfill on bread wheat (triticum aestivum). eight treatment groups with different concentrations (0-100%) of leachate were prepared and treatments were given to the plants till they reached complete vegetative phase (45 days). the growth performances of wheat plants were assessed in terms of various parameters such as shoot and root length, dry biomass and chlorophy ... | 2013 | 24555341 |
| the influence of epiphytic bacteriae on auxin metabolism. | plants are settled by epiphytic bacteriae able to convert tryptophan to iaa. this bacterial activity is abolished by chloramphenicol and streptomycin but not by penicillin. tryptophan conversion to iaa by plant parts or enzyme preparations is far more intensive in non-sterile conditions than in sterile ones. this is true for all investigated objects: helianthus annuus, phaseolus vulgaris, pisum sativum, triticum vulgare, zea mays, enteromorpha compressa, fucus vesiculosus, furcellaria fastigiata ... | 1966 | 24557783 |
| [the protochlorophyll(ide) transformation and its relation to the photooxidation of ascorbic acid in etiolated seedlings]. | the terminal steps in chlorophyll synthesis leading from protochlorophyll(ide) to chlorophyll have been investigated on etiolated seedlings of triticum vulgare.it could be demonstrated that at least before the lag-phase the synthesis of chlorophyll proceeds not only via protochlorophyllide but also via protochlorophyll; however, about 90% of the synthesized chlorophyll originates from protochlorophyllide reduction.by a two-minute illumination with 7000 lux 76-88% of the protochlorophyllide but o ... | 1966 | 24557844 |
| light influences how the fungal toxin deoxynivalenol affects plant cell death and defense responses. | the fusarium mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (don) can cause cell death in wheat (triticum aestivum), but can also reduce the level of cell death caused by heat shock in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) cell cultures. we show that 10 μg ml(-1) don does not cause cell death in arabidopsis cell cultures, and its ability to retard heat-induced cell death is light dependent. under dark conditions, it actually promoted heat-induced cell death. wheat cultivars differ in their ability to resist this toxin, ... | 2014 | 24561479 |
| waterlogging and nitric oxide induce gene expression and increase antioxidant enzyme activity in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the effects of waterlogging (wl) and wl plus nitric oxide (wl+no) were investigated in seedlings of one wheat cultivars (triticum aestivum cv. dogankent) and one wheat line (triticum aestivum cv. ducula-4). under wl conditions, catalase activity was greater in ducula-4 than in dogankent. glutathione reductase activity increased in ducula-4 seedlings under wl+no conditions, especially at 48 and 72 hours of treatment. myb2 expression increased during the early hours of treatment in both wheat vari ... | 2014 | 24561894 |
| variability of non-symbiotic and truncated hemoglobin genes from the genome of cultivated monocots. | non-symbiotic (nshb) and truncated (thb) hemoglobins (hbs) have been detected in a variety of land plants. the evolution of land plant nshbs and thbs at the protein level is well documented; however, little is known about the evolution of genes coding for these proteins. for example, the variability of the land plant nshb and thb genes is not known. here, we report the variability of the nshb and thb genes from the genome of the cultivated monocots brachypodium distachyon, hordeum vulgare (barle ... | 0 | 24563718 |
| abnormal mitosis induced by wheat-rye 1r monosomic addition lines. | octoploid triticale were derived from common wheat (triticum aestivum l. 'mianyang11') × rye (secale cereale l. 'kustro'), and some progeny were obtained by the backcrossing of triticale with 'mianyang11' followed by self-fertilization. in situ hybridization using rye genomic dna and repetitive sequences pas1 and psc119.2 as probes was used to analyze the mitotic chromosomes of these progeny. three wheat-rye 1r monosomic addition lines and a wheat line (12ft-1685) containing a 1r and a 1bl.1rs t ... | 2014 | 24564212 |
| isolation and characterization of a wheat--psathyrostachys huashanica 'keng' 3ns disomic addition line with resistance to stripe rust. | we isolated a wheat germplasm line, 22-2, which was derived from common wheat (triticum aestivum '7182') and psathyrostachys huashanica 'keng' (2n = 2x = 14, nsns). genomic composition and homoeologous relationships of 22-2 was analyzed using cytology, genomic in situ hybridization (gish), est-ssr, and est-sts to characterize the alien chromatin in the transfer line. the cytological investigations showed that the chromosome number and configuration were 2n = 44 = 22 ii. mitotic and meiotic gish ... | 2014 | 24564214 |
| dynamics of rhizosphere properties and antioxidative responses in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) under cadmium stress. | in this study, we performed a rhizobox experiment to examine the dynamic changes in the rhizosphere properties and antioxidant enzyme responses of triticum aestivum l. under three levels of cadmium stress. a set of micro-techniques (i.e., rhizobox and rhizon sms) were applied for the dynamically non-destructive collection of the rhizosphere soil solution to enable the observation at a high temporal resolution. the dynamics of soluble cadmium and dissolved organic carbon (doc) in the rhizosphere ... | 2014 | 24580822 |
| influence of defatted soy flour addition on the quality and stability of pretzel type product. | effect of soya flour addition to 70% extraction bread wheat flour (pbw-343) at (0, 5, 10, 20 & 30%) was investigated for physico-chemical, dough handling and pretzel making properties. results revealed that with increasing dsf addition, farinogram characteristics; water absorption, arrival time, dough development time and dough stability increased while mixing tolerance index and degree of softening decreased. amylogram characteristics gelatinization temperature, peak viscosity, peak temperature ... | 2014 | 24587534 |
| molecular characterization of the citrate transporter gene tamate1 and expression analysis of upstream genes involved in organic acid transport under al stress in bread wheat (triticum aestivum). | in bread wheat, besides malate, the importance of citrate efflux for al tolerance has also been reported. for better understanding the al tolerance mechanism in bread wheat, here, we performed both a molecular characterization of the citrate transporter gene tamate1 and an investigation on the upstream variations in citrate and malate transporter genes. tamate1 belong to multidrug transporter protein family, which are located on the long arm of homoeologous group 4 chromosomes (tamate1-4a, tamat ... | 2014 | 24588850 |
| effect of high molecular weight glutenin subunit composition in common wheat on dough properties and steamed bread quality. | steamed bread is a popular staple food in asia with different flour quality requirements from pan bread. little is known about how glutenin characteristics affect steamed bread quality. this work investigated how deletions of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gs) influence gluten properties and chinese steamed bread quality using 16 wheat lines grown in texas. | 2014 | 24591045 |
| genetic rearrangements of six wheat-agropyron cristatum 6p addition lines revealed by molecular markers. | agropyron cristatum (l.) gaertn. (2n = 4x = 28, pppp) not only is cultivated as pasture fodder but also could provide many desirable genes for wheat improvement. it is critical to obtain common wheat-a. cristatum alien disomic addition lines to locate the desired genes on the p genome chromosomes. comparative analysis of the homoeologous relationships between the p genome chromosome and wheat genome chromosomes is a key step in transferring different desirable genes into common wheat and produci ... | 2014 | 24595330 |
| occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in saline soils of the tabriz plain of iran in relation to some physical and chemical properties of soil. | the abundance and distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) were evaluated in the tabriz plain, where soil salinity levels range from 7.3 to 92.0 ds/m. soil and root samples were collected from the rhizosphere of several glycophytes (allium cepa l., medicago sativa l., triticum aestivum l. and hordeum vulgare l.) and halophytes (salicornia sp. and salsola sp.) and were analysed for spore number in soil, root colonization with amf and some physical and chemical soil properties. the numbe ... | 2001 | 24595430 |
| role of triticum aestivum aqueous extract in glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis in rats. | administration of aqueous extract of t. aestivum (200 and 400 mg/kg/day, po, for 30 days) and risedronate (20 microg/kg, sc, five times a week for 30 days) following methyl prednisolone sodium succinate (10 mg/kg, sc, thrice a week for 4 weeks) induced osteoporosis in wistar rats showed an increase in the serum levels of bone mineral content markers, decrease in the serum and urinary levels of bone resorption markers. an incline in strength of femur and tibia was seen particularly with 400 mg/kg ... | 2014 | 24597148 |
| effect of urea and certain npk fertilizers on the cereal cyst nematode (heterodera avenae) on wheat. | two outdoor pot experiments were conducted in two consecutive years under outdoor conditions during the wheat growing season in saudi arabia to determine the effects of urea and certain compound fertilizers (npk), compared to the effects of the nematicide fenamiphos on the cereal cyst nematode (ccn), heterodera avenae, and wheat growth. the results showed that all of the treatments, except the fertilizer diammonium phosphate (dap), reduced the number of nematode cysts/root system and increased ( ... | 2014 | 24600314 |
| the trafficking pathway of a wheat storage protein in transgenic rice endosperm. | the trafficking of proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (er) of plant cells is a topic of considerable interest since this organelle serves as an entry point for proteins destined for other organelles, as well as for the er itself. in the current work, transgenic rice was used to study the pattern and pathway of deposition of the wheat high molecular weight (hmw) glutenin sub-unit (gs) 1dx5 within the rice endosperm using specific antibodies to determine whether it is deposited in the same or d ... | 2014 | 24603605 |
| sterol binding by methyl-β-cyclodextrin and nystatin--comparative analysis of biochemical and physiological consequences for plants. | the dependence of membrane function on its sterol component has been intensively studied with model lipids and isolated animal membranes, but to a much lesser extent with plant membranes. depleting membrane sterols could be predicted to have a strong effect on membrane activity and have harmful physiological consequences. in this study, we characterized membrane lipid composition, membrane permeability for ions, some physiological parameters, such as h2o2 accumulation, formation of autophagosoma ... | 2014 | 24612537 |
| sequencing of chloroplast genomes from wheat, barley, rye and their relatives provides a detailed insight into the evolution of the triticeae tribe. | using roche/454 technology, we sequenced the chloroplast genomes of 12 triticeae species, including bread wheat, barley and rye, as well as the diploid progenitors and relatives of bread wheat triticum urartu, aegilops speltoides and ae. tauschii. two wild tetraploid taxa, ae. cylindrica and ae. geniculata, were also included. additionally, we incorporated wild einkorn wheat triticum boeoticum and its domesticated form t. monococcum and two hordeum spontaneum (wild barley) genotypes. chloroplast ... | 2014 | 24614886 |
| characterization of a new wheat-aegilops biuncialis addition line conferring quality-associated hmw glutenin subunits. | in this study, a new disomic addition line, 12-5-2, with 44 chromosomes that was derived from bc3f2 descendants of the hybridization between triticum aestivum cv. cn19 and aegilops biuncialis was created and reported. 12-5-2 was immune to both powdery mildew and stripe rust and has stable fertility. fluorescence in situ hybridization and c-banding revealed that 12-5-2 was a 1u(b) disomic addition line (adl1u(b)). the seed storage protein electrophoresis showed that 12-5-2 presented all high mole ... | 2014 | 24615031 |
| isolation and in-silico characterization of peroxidase isoenzymes from wheat (triticum aestivum) against karnal bunt (tilletia indica). | to investigate the role of peroxidase and its physiological significance under karnal bunt (kb) were determined in resistant (hd-29) and susceptible genotype (wh-542) of wheat during different developmental stages. the enzymes were expressed constitutively in both the susceptible and resistant genotype. in gel assay and differential expression analysis of pod was significantly higher (p >0.05) in sv and s2, than the s1 and s3 stages. in silico analysis of peroxidase for eg. physico-chemical prop ... | 2014 | 24616560 |
| decolorization and degradation mechanism of amaranth by polyporus sp. s133. | polyporus sp. s133 decolorized the amaranth in 72 h (30 mg l(-1)) under static and shaking conditions. liquid medium containing glucose has shown the highest decolorization of amaranth by polyporus sp. s133. when the effect of increasing inoculum concentration on decolorization of amaranth was studied, maximum decolorization was observed with 15 % inoculum concentration. significant increase in the enzyme production of laccase (102.2 u l(-1)) was observed over the period of amaranth decolorizati ... | 2014 | 24623464 |
| the effect of manuring on cereal and pulse amino acid δ(15)n values. | amino acid δ(15)n values of barley (hordeum vulgare) and bread wheat (triticum aestivum) grains and rachis and broad bean (vicia faba) and pea (pisum sativum) seeds, grown in manured and unmanured soil at the experimental farm stations of rothamsted, uk and bad lauchstädt, germany, were determined by gc-c-irms. manuring was found to result in a consistent (15)n-enrichment of cereal grain amino acid δ(15)n values, indicating that manuring did not affect the metabolic routing of nitrogen (n) into ... | 2014 | 24631496 |
| the shutdown of celiac disease-related gliadin epitopes in bread wheat by rnai provides flours with increased stability and better tolerance to over-mixing. | celiac disease is a food-sensitive enteropathy triggered by the ingestion of wheat gluten proteins and related proteins from barley, rye, and some varieties of oat. there are no interventional therapies and the only solution is a lifelong gluten-free diet. the down-regulation of gliadins by rnai provides wheat lines with all the gliadin fractions strongly down-regulated (low-gliadin). the technological properties of doughs prepared from the low-gliadin lines indicated a general weakening effect, ... | 0 | 24633046 |
| characterization of the liposoluble fraction of common wheat (triticum aestivum) and spelt (t. aestivum ssp. spelta) flours using multivariate analysis. | in the present paper, a special method for derivatization of liposoluble extract of common wheat and spelt flours was employed which enables simultaneous detection of fatty acid and non-saponifiable lipid fractions. | 2014 | 24633679 |
| mapping quantitative trait loci with additive effects and additive x additive epistatic interactions for biomass yield, grain yield, and straw yield using a doubled haploid population of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | biomass yield is one of the most important traits for wheat (triticum aestivum l.)-breeding programs. increasing the yield of the aerial parts of wheat varieties will be an integral component of future wheat improvement; however, little is known regarding the genetic control of aerial part yield. a doubled haploid population, comprising 168 lines derived from a cross between two winter wheat cultivars, 'huapei 3' (hp3) and 'yumai 57' (ym57), was investigated. quantitative trait loci (qtl) for to ... | 2014 | 24634240 |
| taadf7, an actin-depolymerizing factor, contributes to wheat resistance against puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. | the actin cytoskeleton is involved in plant defense responses; however, the role of the actin-depolymerizing factor (adf) family, which regulates actin cytoskeletal dynamics, in plant disease resistance, is largely unknown. here, we characterized a wheat (triticum aestivum) adf gene, taadf7, with three copies located on chromosomes 1a, 1b, and 1d, respectively. all three copies encoded the same protein, although there were variations in 19 nucleotide positions in the open reading frame. transcri ... | 2014 | 24635700 |
| characterization of novel wheat nbs domain-containing sequences and their utilization, in silico, for genome-scale r-gene mining. | in crop improvement, the isolation, cloning and transfer of disease resistance genes (r-genes) is an ultimate goal usually starting from tentative r-gene analogs (rgas) that are identified on the basis of their structure. for bread wheat, recent advances in genome sequencing are supporting the efforts of wheat geneticists worldwide. among wheat r-genes, nucleotide-binding site (nbs)-encoding ones represent a major class. in this study, we have used a polymerase chain reaction-based approach to a ... | 2014 | 24638930 |
| pi3k is involved in nucleolar structure and function on root-tip meristematic cells of triticum aestivum l. | in this study, wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seeds were used to detect the effect of wortmannin, a specific inhibitor of pi3k, on the nucleolar structure and function. when the germinated seeds were treated with wortmannin, it was shown that the root growth was suppressed and the mitotic index was decreased. the inhibition effects were positively correlated with the concentrations of the drug. the observations of light and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the nucleolar morphology be ... | 2014 | 24642039 |
| mapping stripe rust resistance in a brundagexcoda winter wheat recombinant inbred line population. | a recombinant inbred line (ril) mapping population developed from a cross between winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars coda and brundage was evaluated for reaction to stripe rust (caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici). two hundred and sixty eight ril from the population were evaluated in replicated field trials in a total of nine site-year locations in the u.s. pacific northwest. seedling reaction to stripe rust races pst-100, pst-114 and pst-127 was also examined. a linkage ma ... | 2014 | 24642574 |
| a role for barley cryptochrome1 in light regulation of grain dormancy and germination. | it is well known that abscisic acid (aba) plays a central role in the regulation of seed dormancy and that transcriptional regulation of genes encoding aba biosynthetic and degradation enzymes is responsible for determining aba content. however, little is known about the upstream signaling pathways impinging on transcription to ultimately regulate aba content or how environmental signals (e.g., light and cold) might direct such expression in grains. our previous studies indicated that light is a ... | 2014 | 24642944 |
| haplotype variation of green revolution gene rht-d1 during wheat domestication and improvement. | green revolution made a substantial contribution to wheat yields worldwide in the 1960s and 1970s. it is of great importance to analyze the haplotype variation of rht-d1, the green revolution gene, during wheat (triticum aestivum l.) domestication and breeding to understand its evolution and function in wheat breeding history. in this study, the rht-d1 and its flanking regions were sequenced and single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected based on a panel of 45 accessions of aegilops tauschii, ... | 2014 | 24645900 |
| wheat-aegilops biuncialis amphiploids have efficient photosynthesis and biomass production during osmotic stress. | osmotic stress responses of water content, photosynthetic parameters and biomass production were investigated in wheat-aegilops biuncialis amphiploids and in wheat genotypes to clarify whether they can use to improve the drought tolerance of bread wheat. a decrease in the osmotic pressure of the medium resulted in considerable water loss, stomatal closure and a decreased co2 assimilation rate for the wheat genotypes, while the changes in these parameters were moderate for the amphiploids. maxima ... | 0 | 24655386 |
| symplastic and apoplastic uptake and root to shoot translocation of nickel in wheat as affected by exogenous amino acids. | this study investigated the effect of exogenous amino acids on apoplastic and symplastic uptake and root to shoot translocation of nickel (ni) in two wheat cultivars. seedlings of a bread (triticum aestivum cv. back cross) and a durum wheat cultivar (t. durum cv. durum) were grown in a modified johnson nutrient solution and exposed to two levels (50 and 100 μm) of histidine, glycine, and glutamine. application of amino acids resulted in increasing symplastic to apoplastic ni ratio in roots of bo ... | 2014 | 24655389 |
| hormesis and paradoxical effects of wheat seedling (triticum aestivum l.) parameters upon exposure to different pollutants in a wide range of doses. | chlorophyll and carotenoid content (chcar), lipid peroxidation (lp) and growth parameters (gp) in plants are often used for environmental pollution estimation. however, the nonmonotonic dose-response dependences (hormesis and paradoxical effects) of these indices are insufficiently explored following exposure to different pollutants. in this experiment, we studied nonmonotonic changes in chcar, lp, gp in wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum l.) upon exposure to lead, cadmium, copper, manganese, fo ... | 2014 | 24659937 |
| antixenosis resistance to oulema melanopus (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) in central asian wheat germplasm. | abstract the cereal leaf beetle, oulema melanopus (l.) (coleoptera: chrysomelidae), which is eurasian in origin, is an emerging pest of agriculturally important cereal crops in western canada, including wheat, oat, and barley. among these crops, wheat (triticum aestivum l.) has the highest number of resistant genotypes to o. melanopus infestation. here we explored six genotypes from central asia with putative resistance to the beetle in comparison with a widely grown canadian wheat variety. we n ... | 2014 | 24665727 |
| identification and characterization of a subset of micrornas in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | micrornas (mirnas) represent a class of endogenous regulator for post-transcriptionally modulating gene expression. elucidating complete mirna repertoires for individual species is a long-desired goal in mirna research. so far only 42 have been annotated for common wheat (triticum aestivum) due to its large genome. here, we employed mirdeep-p, a program developed previously for retrieving mirnas from deep sequencing data in plants, to parse 14 sequenced small rna libraries of wheat using express ... | 2014 | 24667243 |
| cloning and characterization of a wheat homologue of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease ape1l. | apurinic/apyrimidinic (ap) endonucleases are key dna repair enzymes involved in the base excision repair (ber) pathway. in ber, an ap endonuclease cleaves dna at ap sites and 3'-blocking moieties generated by dna glycosylases and/or oxidative damage. a triticum aestivum cdna encoding for a putative homologue of exoiii family ap endonucleases which includes e. coli xth, human ape1 and arabidopsis thaliana atape1l has been isolated and its protein product purified and characterized. | 2014 | 24667595 |
| genomic changes at the early stage of somatic hybridization. | a broad spectrum of genetic and epigenetic changes is induced by wide hybridization and subsequent polyploidization, but the timing of these events remains obscure because early hybrid cells are very difficult to harvest and analyze. here, we used both cytological and genetic marker approaches to analyze the constitution of very young somatic hybrid cells between japonica rice (oryza sativa l. subsp japonica) and indica rice (oryza sativa l. subsp indica) and between japonica rice and bread whea ... | 2014 | 24668681 |
| ethylene negatively regulates aluminium-induced malate efflux from wheat roots and tobacco cells transformed with taalmt1. | an important mechanism for al(3+) tolerance in wheat is exudation of malate anions from the root apex through activation of malate-permeable taalmt1 channels. here, the effect of ethylene on al(3+)-activated efflux of malate was investigated using al(3+)-tolerant wheat genotype et8, which has high expression of taalmt1. exposure of et8 plants to al(3+) enhanced ethylene evolution in root apices. treatment with the ethylene synthesis precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) and ethyl ... | 2014 | 24668874 |
| alkali-induced changes in functional properties and in vitro digestibility of wheat starch: the role of surface proteins and lipids. | the bread wheat starch was treated with 0.025 and 0.0625 m naoh solution for 1, 2, and 3 weeks at 30 °c, and the changes in functionality and in vitro digestibility were evaluated. naoh treatment reduced protein and lipid contents of wheat starch from 0.46 to 0.20% and from 0.59 to 0.25%, respectively. no significant changes were observed in the amylose content, relative crystallinity, and short-range order of double helices, but there was evidence showing that morphology of some starch granules ... | 2014 | 24670231 |
| characterization of the caleosin gene family in the triticeae. | the caleosin genes encode proteins with a single conserved ef hand calcium-binding domain and comprise small gene families found in a wide range of plant species. some members of the gene family have been shown to be upregulated by environmental stresses including low water availability and high salinity. caleosin 3 from wheat has been shown to interact with the α-subunit of the heterotrimeric g proteins, and to act as a gtpase activating protein (gap). this study characterizes the size and dive ... | 2014 | 24673767 |
| uptake of a cyanotoxin, β-n-methylamino-l-alanine, by wheat (triticum aestivum). | in order to study the uptake of the cyanobacterial neurotoxin β-n-methylamino-l-alanine (bmaa) into the crop plant triticum aestivum during germination and primary growth imbibed grains and 7-day-old seedlings were irrigated with 100 and 1000µg l(-1) bmaa for 4 days and 100µg l(-1) bmaa for 28 days. content of derivatized free and protein-associated bmaa in seedlings, root and shoot tissue, respectively, were analyzed by lc-ms/ms. free bmaa was only detected in seedlings exposed to 1000µg l(-1) ... | 2014 | 24675440 |
| integrative network analysis of the signaling cascades in seedling leaves of bread wheat by large-scale phosphoproteomic profiling. | here, we conducted the first large-scale leaf phosphoproteome analysis of two bread wheat cultivars by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. altogether, 1802 unambiguous phosphorylation sites representing 1175 phosphoproteins implicated in various molecular functions and cellular processes were identified by gene ontology enrichment analysis. among the 1175 phosphoproteins, 141 contained 3-10 phosphorylation sites. the phosphorylation sites were located more frequently in the n- and c- ... | 2014 | 24679076 |
| stabilising metal(loid)s in soil with iron and aluminium-based products: microbial, biochemical and plant growth impact. | four iron and aluminium-based products, including red mud (rm), hematite (fe2o3), an iron-rich water treatment residual (fe-wtr) and amorphous al hydroxide (al-oh), were evaluated for their effectiveness at stabilising as and heavy metals (i.e. cd, cu, pb, zn) in a circumneutral contaminated soil [as (2105 mg kg(-1)), cd (18 mg kg(-1)), cu (264 mg kg(-1)), pb (710 mg kg(-1)), zn (522 mg kg(-1))]. treatment impacts on soil microbial and biochemical features (i.e. microbial biomass-c, microbial co ... | 2014 | 24685456 |
| secreted fungal effector lipase releases free fatty acids to inhibit innate immunity-related callose formation during wheat head infection. | the deposition of the (1,3)-β-glucan cell wall polymer callose at sites of attempted penetration is a common plant defense response to intruding pathogens and part of the plant's innate immunity. infection of the fusarium graminearum disruption mutant δfgl1, which lacks the effector lipase fgl1, is restricted to inoculated wheat (triticum aestivum) spikelets, whereas the wild-type strain colonized the whole wheat spike. our studies here were aimed at analyzing the role of fgl1 in establishing fu ... | 2014 | 24686113 |
| comparative changes in the antioxidant system in the flag leaf of early and normally senescing near-isogenic lines of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the antioxidant system was significantly inhibited in the early aging line than the near-isogenic normal aging line during senescence. the antioxidant system plays pivotal roles in removal of reactive oxygen species (ros) produced during leaf senescence. to explore its roles in leaf senescence of wheat (triticum aestivum l.), the concentrations of antioxidants, activities, and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes were evaluated in flag leaves of the early aging line (eal) and the near-isogenic ... | 2014 | 24687459 |
| tawrky68 responses to biotic stresses are revealed by the orthologous genes from major cereals. | wrky transcription factors have been extensively characterized in the past 20 years, but in wheat, studies on wrky genes and their function are lagging behind many other species. to explore the function of wheat wrky genes, we identified a tawrky68 gene from a common wheat cultivar. it encodes a protein comprising 313 amino acids which harbors 19 conserved motifs or active sites. gene expression patterns were determined by analyzing microarray data of tawrky68 in wheat and of orthologous genes f ... | 2014 | 24688294 |
| adventitious roots of wheat seedlings that emerge in oxygen-deficient conditions have increased root diameters with highly developed lysigenous aerenchyma. | exposing roots of plants to hypoxic conditions is known to greatly improve their anoxic stress tolerance. we previously showed that pre-treatment of wheat seedlings with an ethylene precursor, 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid (acc), enhanced their tolerance of oxygen-deficient conditions. although acc-pretreated seminal roots of wheat seedlings grown under oxygen-deficient conditions avoided root tip death, they elongated very little. in the present study, we assessed the effects of ethylene o ... | 2014 | 24690588 |
| growth inhibitory and adjuvant therapeutic potential of aqueous extract of triticum aestivum on mcf-7 and hela cells. | the purpose of the present study is to evaluate the potent growth inhibitory effects of aqueous wheatgrass extract (awe) alone and in combination with cisplatin on human breast and cervical cancer cells. | 2014 | 24691278 |
| comparative analysis of physio-biochemical responses to cold stress in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat. | the cellular changes induced by cold stress (cs) include responses that lead to oxidative stress and limits plant growth, metabolism, and productivity. in this study, responses of physio-biochemical to cs phases were comparatively studied in three genotypes of bread and durum wheats differing in sensitivity, two of them (norstar, bread wheat and gerdish, durum wheat) were tolerant to cs and the other one, srn (durum wheat) was sensitive to cs. 14-day-old seedlings were subjected to cs (12 and 24 ... | 2014 | 24691928 |
| enrichment of provitamin a content in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) by introduction of the bacterial carotenoid biosynthetic genes crtb and crti. | carotenoid content is a primary determinant of wheat nutritional value and affects its end-use quality. wheat grains contain very low carotenoid levels and trace amounts of provitamin a content. in order to enrich the carotenoid content in wheat grains, the bacterial phytoene synthase gene (crtb) and carotene desaturase gene (crti) were transformed into the common wheat cultivar bobwhite. expression of crtb or crti alone slightly increased the carotenoid content in the grains of transgenic wheat ... | 2014 | 24692648 |
| development of a self-fertile ditelosomic line for the long arm of chromosome 4b and its characterization using ssr markers. | the ditelosomic line for the long arm of chromosome 4b (4bl) of chinese spring (cs) wheat is not available because it is completely male sterile. since all deletions in the 4b short arm (4bs) cause male sterility in the homozygous condition, a male-fertility gene should be located in a distal region of 4bs. among the selfed progeny of a hybrid between a male-sterile 4bs deletion plant (4bs-8) and a japanese common wheat cultivar norin 61 (n61), we obtained self-fertile 4bs-8 homozygous deletion ... | 2013 | 24694394 |
| acute toxicity test of a natural iron chelator and an antioxidant, extracted from triticum aestivum linn. (wheat grass). | triticum aestivum (wheat grass) is widely used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases. previously the purified compounds and crude extract of t. aestivum were established to have iron chelation potency and antioxidant activity. so it is necessary to evaluate the toxic properties of any compound isolated from plant extract to prevent any untoward side effects. the aim of this study was to determine the acute oral toxicity level of our purified compounds, i.e. mugineic acids and methylp ... | 2014 | 24697628 |
| increased micronutrient content (zn, mn) in the 3m(b)(4b) wheat - aegilops biuncialis substitution and 3m(b).4bs translocation identified by gish and fish. | 3m(b) triticum aestivum l. (mv9kr1) - aegilops biuncialis vis. (mvgb642) addition lines were crossed with the chinese spring ph1b mutant genotype (csph1b) to produce 3m(b)-wheat chromosome rearrangements. in the f3 generation, 3m(b)(4b) substitution lines and 3m(b).4bs centric fusions were identified with in situ hybridization using repetitive and genomic dna probes, and with ssr markers. grain micronutrient analysis showed that the investigated ae. biuncialis accession mvgb382 and the parental ... | 2014 | 24702063 |
| development and discrimination of 12 double ditelosomics in tetraploid wheat cultivar dr147. | as an important group in triticum, tetraploid wheat plays a significant role in the research of wheat evolution. several complete aneuploid sets of common wheat have provided valuable tools for genetic and breeding studies, while similar aneuploids of tetraploid wheat are still not well developed. here, 12 double ditelosomics developed in triticum turgidum l. var. durum cultivar dr147 (excluding ddt2b and ddt3a) were reported. hybrids between dr147 and the original double-ditelosomic ddt2b of la ... | 2014 | 24702066 |
| overexpression of a wheat phospholipase d gene, tapldα, enhances tolerance to drought and osmotic stress in arabidopsis thaliana. | phospholipase d (pld) is crucial for plant responses to stress and signal transduction, however, the regulatory mechanism of pld in abiotic stress is not completely understood; especially, in crops. in this study, we isolated a gene, tapldα, from common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). analysis of the amino acid sequence of tapldα revealed a highly conserved c2 domain and two characteristic hkd motifs, which is similar to other known pld family genes. further characterization revealed that tapldα e ... | 2014 | 24705986 |
| central role of the flowering repressor zcct2 in the redox control of freezing tolerance and the initial development of flower primordia in wheat. | as both abiotic stress response and development are under redox control, it was hypothesised that the pharmacological modification of the redox environment would affect the initial development of flower primordia and freezing tolerance in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | 2014 | 24708599 |
| characterization of a wheat pathogenesis-related protein, tabwpr-1.2, in seminal roots in response to waterlogging stress. | we examined the role of pathogenesis-related protein tabwpr-1.2 in the context of molecular and physiological responses of wheat (triticum aestivum) seminal roots under waterlogging stress. two cdnas corresponding to the tabwpr-1.2 gene, tabwpr-1.2#2 and tabwpr-1.2#13 were cloned from seminal roots. these cdnas were predicted to encode proteins of 173 and 172 amino acids, respectively. in a time-course experiment, tabwpr-1.2 gene expression was highest in whole seminal roots after 1 day of water ... | 2014 | 24709151 |
| cloning and characterization of tapp2abb"-α, a member of the pp2a regulatory subunit in wheat. | protein phosphatase 2a (pp2a), a major serine/threonine protein phosphatase, consists of three subunits; a highly conserved structural subunit a, a catalytic subunit c, and a highly variable regulatory subunit b which determines the substrate specificity. although the functional mechanism of pp2a in signaling transduction in arabidopsis is known, their physiological roles in wheat remain to be characterized. in this study, we identified a novel regulatory subunit b, tapp2abb"-α, in wheat (tritic ... | 2014 | 24709994 |
| genetic diversity in australian wheat varieties and breeding material based on rflp data. | restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) have been used to characterise the genetic diversity of wheat (triticum aestivum) germplasm. one hundred and twenty-four accessions comprising all major australian wheat varieties and lines important for breeding purposes were assayed for rflps with clones of known genetic location and selected to give uniform genome coverage. the objectives of this study were to determine rflp-based genetic similarity between accessions and to derive association ... | 1998 | 24710883 |
| snp discovery for mapping alien introgressions in wheat. | monitoring alien introgressions in crop plants is difficult due to the lack of genetic and molecular mapping information on the wild crop relatives. the tertiary gene pool of wheat is a very important source of genetic variability for wheat improvement against biotic and abiotic stresses. by exploring the 5mg short arm (5mgs) of aegilops geniculata, we can apply chromosome genomics for the discovery of snp markers and their use for monitoring alien introgressions in wheat (triticum aestivum l). | 2014 | 24716476 |
| genetic diversity and population structure analysis of european hexaploid bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) varieties. | progress in plant breeding is facilitated by accurate information about genetic structure and diversity. here, diversity array technology (dart) was used to characterize a population of 94 bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) varieties of mainly european origin. in total, 1,849 of 7,000 tested markers were polymorphic and could be used for population structure analysis. two major subgroups of wheat varieties, gri and grii, were identified using the program structure, and confirmed by principal com ... | 2014 | 24718292 |
| patterns of homoeologous gene expression shown by rna sequencing in hexaploid bread wheat. | bread wheat (triticum aestivum) has a large, complex and hexaploid genome consisting of a, b and d homoeologous chromosome sets. therefore each wheat gene potentially exists as a trio of a, b and d homoeoloci, each of which may contribute differentially to wheat phenotypes. we describe a novel approach combining wheat cytogenetic resources (chromosome substitution 'nullisomic-tetrasomic' lines) with next generation deep sequencing of gene transcripts (rna-seq), to directly and accurately identif ... | 2014 | 24726045 |
| exogenous jasmonic acid can enhance tolerance of wheat seedlings to salt stress. | jasmonic acid (ja) is regarded as endogenous regulator that plays an important role in regulating stress responses, plant growth and development. to investigate the physiological mechanisms of salt stress mitigated by exogenous ja, foliar application of 2mm ja was done to wheat seedlings for 3days and then they were subjected to 150mm nacl. our results showed that 150mm nacl treatment significantly decreased plant height, root length, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, the concentration of gluta ... | 2014 | 24726929 |
| efficient genome-wide detection and cataloging of ems-induced mutations using exome capture and next-generation sequencing. | chemical mutagenesis efficiently generates phenotypic variation in otherwise homogeneous genetic backgrounds, enabling functional analysis of genes. advances in mutation detection have brought the utility of induced mutant populations on par with those produced by insertional mutagenesis, but systematic cataloguing of mutations would further increase their utility. we examined the suitability of multiplexed global exome capture and sequencing coupled with custom-developed bioinformatics tools to ... | 2014 | 24728647 |
| identification and characterization of micrornas in the flag leaf and developing seed of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | micrornas (mirnas) regulate various biological processes in plants. considerable data are available on mirnas involved in the development of rice, maize and barley. in contrast, little is known about mirnas and their functions in the development of wheat. in this study, five small rna (srna) libraries from wheat seedlings, flag leaves, and developing seeds were developed and sequenced to identify mirnas and understand their functions in wheat development. | 2014 | 24734873 |
| nutrient variability in phloem: examining changes in k, mg, zn and fe concentration during grain loading in common wheat (triticum aestivum). | in wheat, nutrients are transported to seeds via the phloem yet access to this vascular tissue for exudate collection and quantitative analysis of elemental composition is difficult. the purest phloem is collected through the use of aphid stylectomy with volumes of exudate collected normally in the range of 20-500 nl. in this work a new method using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (icp-ms) was developed to measure the concentration of k, mg, zn and fe in volumes of wheat (triticum a ... | 2014 | 24735095 |
| micrornas involving in cold, wounding and salt stresses in triticum aestivum l. | micrornas (mirnas) play critical roles in post-transcriptional regulation and act as important endogenous regulators to various stresses. cold, wounding and high-salinity are three common environmental stress stimuli influencing crops growth and development. in this study, we identified 31 known mirnas and 3 novel mirnas in wheat. moreover, 19 stress-regulated mirnas using rt-qpcr data in which the effects of three stresses were surveyed from the known mirnas. among them, 16, 12 and 8 mirnas wer ... | 2014 | 24735552 |
| introgression of a 4d chromosomal fragment into durum wheat confers aluminium tolerance. | aluminium (al(3+)) inhibits root growth of sensitive plant species and is a key factor that limits durum wheat (triticum turgidum) production on acid soils. the aim of this study was to enhance the al(3+) tolerance of an elite durum cultivar by introgression of a chromosomal fragment from hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum) that possesses an al(3+) tolerance gene. | 2014 | 24737716 |
| quality characteristics of gluten free cookies prepared from different flour combinations. | the present investigation was undertaken on the utilization of alternate flours/meals (rice (oryza sativa), maize (zea mays), sorghum (sorghum vulgare) and pearl millet (pennisetum glaucum) for the preparation of gluten free cookies as compared to conventional wheat (triticum aestivum) flour cookies. the physicochemical parameters, sensory qualities and functional properties of flours/cookies were studied and compared with control cookies. the blend of maize and pearl millet had best pasting qua ... | 2014 | 24741176 |
| three-dimensional modeling and diversity analysis reveals distinct avr recognition sites and evolutionary pathways in wild and domesticated wheat pm3 r genes. | the pm3 gene confers resistance against wheat powdery mildew. studies of pm3 diversity have shown that pm3 alleles isolated from southern populations of wild emmer wheat located in lebanon, jordan, israel, and syria are more diverse and more distant from bread wheat alleles than alleles from the northern wild wheat populations located in turkey, iran, and iraq. therefore, southern populations from israel were studied extensively to reveal novel pm3 alleles that are absent from the cultivated gen ... | 2014 | 24742072 |
| communities of endophytic sebacinales associated with roots of herbaceous plants in agricultural and grassland ecosystems are dominated by serendipita herbamans sp. nov. | endophytic fungi are known to be commonly associated with herbaceous plants, however, there are few studies focusing on their occurrence and distribution in plant roots from ecosystems with different land uses. to explore the phylogenetic diversity and community structure of sebacinales endophytes from agricultural and grassland habitats under different land uses, we analysed the roots of herbaceous plants using strain isolation, polymerase chain reaction (pcr), transmission electron microscopy ... | 2014 | 24743185 |
| space allowance and barriers influence cow competition for mixed rations fed on a feed-pad between bouts of grazing. | the objective of this experiment was to evaluate how feeding space allowance and provision of feed barriers interact to affect feeding and social behavior of dairy cows fed a partial mixed ration on a feed-pad. the treatments were factorial with 3 feeding space allowances (0.6, 0.75, or 1.0m of trough space per cow) and feed troughs that were either open or had head barriers that physically separated adjacent cows to reduce interactions during feeding. one hundred and forty-four holstein-friesia ... | 2014 | 24746131 |
| transcriptome-wide identification of bread wheat wrky transcription factors in response to drought stress. | the wrky superfamily of transcription factors was shown to be involved in biotic and abiotic stress responses in plants such as wheat (triticum aestivum l.), one of the major crops largely cultivated and consumed all over the world. drought is an important abiotic stress resulting in a considerable amount of loss in agronomical yield. therefore, identification of drought responsive wrky members in wheat has a profound significance. here, a total of 160 tawrky proteins were characterized accordin ... | 2014 | 24748053 |
| the phosphotransferase system gene ptsi in the endophytic bacterium bacillus cereus is required for biofilm formation, colonization, and biocontrol against wheat sharp eyespot. | natural resistance of wheat plants to wheat sharp eyespot is inadequate, and new strategies for controlling the disease are required. biological control is an alternative and attractive way of reducing the use of chemicals in agriculture. in this study, we investigated the biocontrol properties of endophytic bacterium bacillus cereus strain 0-9, which was isolated from the root systems of healthy wheat varieties. the phosphotransferase system is a major regulator of carbohydrate metabolism in ba ... | 2014 | 24750250 |
| studies on wheat bran arabinoxylan for its immunostimulatory and protective effects against avian coccidiosis. | wheat (triticum aestivum) bran derived polysaccharides, arabinoxylans (axs), were evaluated for their immunostimulatory and protective efficacy against eimeria infection in chickens. humoral response revealed significantly higher (p<0.05) total igs, igg and igm titers at days 7th and 14th post primary and secondary injections of sheep red blood cells in the experimental chickens administered with axs as compared to those of control group. the percent protection and daily weight gains were signif ... | 2012 | 24751049 |
| contribution of predator identity to the suppression of herbivores by a diverse predator assemblage. | studies manipulating predator diversity and measuring the impact on herbivore abundance have found that enhancing predator species richness often increases the strength of prey suppression. this relationship may be due to mechanisms such as complementarity or facilitation, which are considered "true" benefits of diversity because greater prey suppression is an emergent property of the multispecies predator community. or it may be due to an identity effect, an "apparent" benefit of diversity that ... | 2014 | 24755243 |
| impact of wheat-leymus racemosus added chromosomes on wheat adaptation and tolerance to heat stress. | adaptation of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) to high temperatures could be improved by introducing alien genes from wild relatives. we evaluated the responses of wheat-leymus racemosus chromosome introgression lines to high temperature to determine their potentiality for developing improved wheat cultivars. introgression lines and their parent chinese spring were evaluated in a growth chamber at the seedling stage and in the field at the reproductive stage in two heat-stressed environments in suda ... | 2014 | 24757384 |
| a comprehensive genome-wide study on tissue-specific and abiotic stress-specific mirnas in triticum aestivum. | productivity of wheat crop is largely dependent on its growth and development that, in turn, is mainly regulated by environmental conditions, including abiotic stress factors. mirnas are key regulators of gene expression networks involved in diverse aspects of development and stress responses in plants. using high-throughput sequencing of eight small rna libraries prepared from diverse abiotic stresses and tissues, we identified 47 known mirnas belonging to 20 families, 49 true novel and 1030 ca ... | 2014 | 24759739 |
| [cloning and analysis of reverse transcriptase(rt) of ty1-copia retrotransposons in dendrobium officinale]. | using universal primer ty1-copia retrotransposon rt,43 ty1-copia like retrotransposon rt with high heterogeneity, stop codon mutation and frameshift mutation were amplified by pcr from genomic dna of zhejiang lin'an (c15) and yunnan guangnan (a39) of dendrobium officinale. the length of these sequences varied from 260 to 266 bp, and was rich in at and consistency ranged from 47.1% to 97.7%. different c/s-acting regulatory elements induced by low temperature, heat, light, all kinds of plant growt ... | 2014 | 24761633 |
| chilling to zero degrees disrupts pollen formation but not meiotic microtubule arrays in triticum aestivum l. | throughout the wheat-growing regions of australia, chilling temperatures below 2 °c occur periodically on consecutive nights during the period of floral development in spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.). in this study, wheat plants showed significant reductions in fertility when exposed to prolonged chilling temperatures in controlled environment experiments. among the cultivars tested, the australian cultivars kite and hartog had among the lowest levels of seed set due to chilling and their re ... | 2014 | 24762030 |
| the role of climatic variables in winter cereal yields: a retrospective analysis. | this study examined the effects of observed climate including [co2] on winter cereal [winter wheat (triticum aestivum), barley (hordeum vulgare) and oat (avena sativa)] yields by adopting robust statistical analysis/modelling approaches (i.e. autoregressive fractionally integrated moving average, generalised addition model) based on long time series of historical climate data and cereal yield data at three locations (moree, dubbo and wagga wagga) in new south wales, australia. research results s ... | 2015 | 24763659 |
| homologous haplotypes, expression, genetic effects and geographic distribution of the wheat yield gene tagw2. | tagw2-6a, cloned in earlier research, strongly influences wheat grain width and tkw. here, we mainly analyzed haplotypes of tagw2-6b and their effects on tkw and interaction with haplotypes at tagw2-6a. | 2014 | 24766773 |
| high-frequency generation and characterization of intergeneric hybrids and haploids from new wheat-barley crosses. | hybrid plants and a high frequency of maternal haploids were obtained using an efficient wheat-barley hybridization system (with new genotype combinations) and confirmed by several cytological and molecular tools. an efficient hybridization system between wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and barley (hordeum vulgare l.) is presented on the basis of three new genotype combinations. a particularly high, 14% frequency of plant regeneration per florets was achieved in the wheat-barley genotype combinatio ... | 0 | 24770442 |
| species composition and diversity of parasitoids and hyper-parasitoids in different wheat agro-farming systems. | insect communities depend on both their local environment and features of the surrounding habitats. diverse plant communities may enhance the abundance and species diversity of local natural enemies, which is possible due to a higher abundance and species diversity in complex landscapes. this hypothesis was tested using cereal aphid parasitoids and hyper-parasitoids by comparing 18 spring wheat fields, triticum aestivum l. (poales: poaceae), in structurally-complex landscapes (dominated by semi- ... | 2013 | 24773471 |
| qtl conferring fusarium crown rot resistance in the elite bread wheat variety ega wylie. | fusarium crown rot (fcr) is one of the most damaging cereal diseases in semi-arid regions worldwide. the genetics of fcr resistance in the bread wheat (triticum eastivum l.) variety ega wylie, the most resistant commercial variety available, was studied by qtl mapping. three populations of recombinant inbred lines were developed with this elite variety as the resistant parent. four qtl conferring fcr resistance were detected and resistance alleles of all of them were derived from the resistant p ... | 2014 | 24776887 |
| a comparison of contents of group a and b trichothecenes and microbial counts in different cereal species. | concentrations of trichothecenes and the amounts of microbial biomass were compared in grain of bread wheat, durum wheat, triticale, rye, oat and barley. grain samples came from lines regionalised in poland grown under identical climatic and agricultural conditions in 2007. among the six analysed cereals, the highest mean concentration of toxic metabolites of 151.89 µg/kg was found for grain of triticum durum, whereas the lowest was for barley grain (25.56 µg/kg). the highest contamination with ... | 0 | 24779779 |