Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| [spine injuries due to horse riding accidents - an analysis of 30 cases.] | introduction: horseback riding entails several risk factors that predispose the participant to injury. especially craniocerebral as well as spinal trauma were common reasons for severe injuries. hence, it is important to use effective protective gear during riding activities. however, the protective effect of actual safety vests and helmets in case of accident is still unknown. in the present study reasons, mechanisms and patterns of equine-related spine injuries were analyzed. based on these da ... | 2011 | 21611912 |
| the influence of challenging objects and horse-rider matching on heart rate, heart rate variability and behavioural score in riding horses. | a good horse-rider 'match' is important in the context of equine welfare. to quantify the influence of repetition and horse-rider matching on the stress of horses encountering challenging objects, 16 warmblood horses were ridden in a test-setting on three occasions. on each occasion the horse was ridden by a different rider and was challenged by three objects (a-c). heart rate (hr), heart rate variability (hrv) of horse and rider, and behaviour score (bs) of the horse were obtained for each obje ... | 2011 | 21612959 |
| further insights into the characterization of equine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. | adipose tissue-derived stem cells (adscs) represent a promising subpopulation of adult stem cells for tissue engineering applications in veterinary medicine. in this study we focused on the morphological and molecular biological properties of the adscs. the expression of stem cell markers oct4, nanog and the surface markers cd90 and cd105 were detected using rt-pcr. adscs showed a proliferative potential and were capable of adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation. expression of alkaline phosph ... | 2011 | 21614641 |
| [insured to suffer]. | 2011 | 21614845 | |
| implantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells demonstrates improved outcome in horses with overstrain injury of the superficial digital flexor tendon. | reasons for performing study: mesenchymal stem (progenitor; stromal) cell (msc) therapy has gained popularity for the treatment of equine tendon injuries but without reports of long-term follow-up. objectives: to evaluate the safety and reinjury rate of racehorses after intralesional msc injection in a large study of naturally occurring superficial digital flexor tendinopathy and to compare these data with those published for other treatments. methods: safety was assessed clinically, ultrasonogr ... | 2011 | 21615465 |
| equine hospital data as a source for study of prevalence and heritability of osteochondrosis and palmar/plantar osseous fragments of swedish warmblood horses. | reasons for performing study: disturbances in skeletal development, primarily osteochondrosis (oc) and palmar/plantar osseous fragments (pof), have been commonly reported as problems in young horses. however, there are few reports of such findings for epidemiological analyses or breeding purposes. objectives: to evaluate equine hospital data as a possible source of information for genetic evaluations by estimating prevalence and heritability of oc in the stifle, hock and fetlock joints and of po ... | 2011 | 21615779 |
| fifty years of the british equine veterinary association as a facilitator of progress in equine clinical science. | the british equine veterinary association (beva) was established in 1961 and launched the equine veterinary journal (evj) in 1968. this review outlines some of the major advances in equine science and practice that have occurred in that time and the role played by the journal in facilitating those developments. | 2011 | 21615781 |
| multiple congenital ocular anomalies in icelandic horses. | abstract: background: multiple congenital ocular anomalies (mcoa) syndrome is a hereditary congenital eye defect that was first described in silver colored rocky mountain horses. the mutation causing this disease is located within a defined chromosomal interval, which also contains the gene and mutation that is associated with the silver coat color (pmel17, exon 11). horses that are homozygous for the disease-causing allele have multiple defects (mcoa-phenotype), whilst the heterozygous horses p ... | 2011 | 21615885 |
| equine behaviour and heart rate in temperament tests with or without rider or handler. | the aim of the present study was to compare horses' heart rate (hr), heart rate variability (rmssd, pnn50) and behaviour in the same temperament test when being ridden, led, and released free. behavioural measurements included scores and linear measurements for reactivity (r), activity (a), time to calm down (t) and emotionality (e), recorded during the approach (1) and/or during confrontation with the stimulus (2). sixty-five horses were each confronted 3 times (1 ridden, 1 led, 1 free running ... | 2011 | 21616087 |
| kinetics of equid herpesvirus type 2 infections in a group of thoroughbred foals. | the significance of infection with equid herpevirus 2 (ehv-2) remains unresolved, mainly due to its widespread distribution, and frequent isolation of the virus not only from diseased animals, but also from clinically normal horses. it has been suggested that ehv-2 exerts its effects on the host indirectly, through predisposition to secondary infections. the aim of this study was to determine kinetics of ehv-2 infection among foals and to investigate the role that ehv-2 may play in development o ... | 2011 | 21616610 |
| characterization of the spatial arrangement of secondary osteons in the diaphysis of equine and canine long bones. | the blood supply of bone cells in compact bone is provided primarily by blood vessels located within haversian canals forming the centre of osteons. mid-diaphysial cross-sections of radii and third metacarpal bones from two horses and radii from two mature dogs were studied using reflective light microscopy to quantify the spatial ordering of canals and compared to a computational model. the distributions of canals were analyzed using: 1) the autocorrelation function (acf), which describes the p ... | 2011 | 21618437 |
| mass spectrometry of proteins directly from polyacrylamide gels. | the direct combination of thin-layer gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry has been demonstrated with good sensitivity and mass accuracy, offering potential advantages in speed and reduced complexity. mass spectra have been obtained from isoelectric focusing, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and native gels with as little as 660 fmol of α- and β-chain bovine hemoglobin and 1 pmol of horse heart myoglobin loaded. cnbr digests were performed in situ, and the ... | 1996 | 21619102 |
| the evolutionary history of the sal1 gene family in eutherian mammals. | abstract: background: sal1 (salivary lipocalin) is a member of the obp (odorant binding protein) family and is involved in chemical sexual communication in pig. sal1 and its relatives may be involved in pheromone and olfactory receptor binding and in pre-mating behaviour. the evolutionary history and the selective pressures acting on sal1 and its orthologous genes have not yet been exhaustively described. the aim of the present work was to study the evolution of these genes, to elucidate the rol ... | 2011 | 21619679 |
| genetic analysis of the matrix and non-structural genes of equine influenza virus (h3n8) from epizootic of 2008-2009 in india. | india faced an epizootic of equine influenza in 2008-2009. the isolated viruses were typed as h3n8 and grouped with the clade 2 viruses of florida sublineage on the basis of haemagglutinin (ha) gene sequence analysis. this report describes the genetic analysis and selection pressure of matrix (m) and non-structural 1 (ns1) genes of the indian isolates. all isolates shared 98.41% and 99.54% homology with other clade 2 viruses of asian origin for m1 and m2 amino acid (aa) sequences, respectively. ... | 2011 | 21620592 |
| immune response to rhodococcus equi atcc 33701-secreted proteins in mice and identification of immunogenic recombinant proteins by dot-blotting. | rhodococcus equi remains a significant pathogen, causing severe pneumonia in foals. the development of vaccines and serologic diagnosis could be greatly facilitated by studying the humoral immune response to this equine pathogen. in this study, a crude extract of r. equi atcc 33701-secreted proteins combined with the montanide® isa70 adjuvant was found to be highly immunogenic in mice with the highest titer of 99,000 on day 42 after the first subcutaneous immunization. this immune response was d ... | 2011 | 21621231 |
| effects of acute hyperinsulinemia on inflammatory proteins in horses. | laminitis is a painful, inflammatory disease of the equine hoof that often results in euthanasia. elevated plasma insulin concentrations are a predictive factor for laminitis, and in previously healthy horses and ponies, laminitis was induced by infusion of insulin. thus, we chose to determine if an infusion of insulin would increase plasma concentrations of inflammatory cytokines and cytokine mrna abundance in subcutaneous adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and white blood cells. ten mature thoro ... | 2011 | 21621276 |
| effect of fecxr polymorphism in the bmp15 gene on natural or ecg-induced ovulation rate and litter size in rasa aragonesa ewes and implications for on-farm application. | a new mutation in the bone morphogenetic protein 15 (bmp15) gene (fecx(r) allele) causing increased prolificacy in heterozygous (r+) and sterility in homozygous ewes has been recently described in rasa aragonesa, a low-prolificacy mediterranean breed. the current study determined, firstly, the effect of this polymorphism on natural and ecg-induced ovulation rate (or) and the effect of ecg dose on reproductive performance; and secondly, its effect on prolificacy and its interaction with progestag ... | 2011 | 21622876 |
| cartilage damage involving extrusion of mineralisable matrix from the articular calcified cartilage and subchondral bone. | arthropathy of the distal articular surfaces of the third metacarpal (mc3) and metatarsal (mt3) bones in the thoroughbred racehorse (tb) is a natural model of repetitive overload arthrosis. we describe a novel pathology that affects the articular calcified cartilage (acc) and subchondral bone (scb) and which is associated with hyaline articular cartilage degeneration. parasagittal slices cut from the palmar quadrant of the distal condyles of the left mc3/mt3 of 39 trained tbs euthanased for welf ... | 2011 | 21623571 |
| comparisons of computed tomography, contrast enhanced computed tomography and standing low-field magnetic resonance imaging in horses with lameness localised to the foot. part 1: anatomic visualisation scores. | reasons for performing study: to date, few reports exist comparing magnetic resonance imaging (mri) and computed tomography (ct) for imaging of the equine distal limb, yet clinicians are required to decide which modality to use regularly. objectives: to report and compare anatomic visualisation scores obtained for ct, contrast enhanced ct (cect) and standing low-field mri (lfmri) in the equine foot. hypothesis: anatomic visualisation score discrepancies would exist between ct, cect and lfmri. me ... | 2011 | 21623900 |
| peroxidase activity enhancement of horse cytochrome c by dimerization. | the peroxidase activity of horse cytochrome c was enhanced by its dimerization, where its compound iii (oxy-form) and compound i (oxoferryl porphyrin π-cation radical) species were detected in the reactions with hydrogen peroxide and meta-chloroperbenzoic acid, respectively. these results show that oligomeric cytochrome c can contribute as a proapoptotic conformer by the increased peroxidase activity. | 2011 | 21625690 |
| pathology in practice. | 2011 | 21627502 | |
| impact of gender and race-ethnicity on reasons for pursuing a career in veterinary medicine and career aspirations. | objective-to determine the impact of gender and race-ethnicity on reasons applicants to the purdue university school of veterinary medicine decided to pursue a career in veterinary medicine and their career aspirations. design-retrospective cross-sectional study. sample-personal statements from 694 veterinary medical school applications submitted in 2008. procedures-personal statements were read by investigators to identify the turning point for each applicant's decision to pursue a career in ve ... | 2011 | 21627505 |
| serial use of serologic assays and fecal pcr assays to aid in identification of subclinical lawsonia intracellularis infection for targeted treatment of thoroughbred foals and weanlings. | objective-to assess the serial use of serum immunoperoxidase monolayer assays (ipmas) and fecal pcr assays, combined with other diagnostic methods, to identify subclinical lawsonia intracellularis infections for targeted treatment of thoroughbred foals and weanlings at farms in which the pathogen was endemic or nonendemic. design-evaluation study. animals-100 foals and weanlings (53 and 47 at farms in which l intracellularis was endemic and nonendemic, respectively). procedures-serum was collect ... | 2011 | 21627513 |
| sole depth and weight-bearing characteristics of the palmar surface of the feet of feral horses and domestic thoroughbreds. | objective-to determine solar load-bearing structures in the feet of feral horses and investigate morphological characteristics of the sole in feral horses and domestic thoroughbreds. sample-forelimbs from cadavers of 70 feral horses and 20 domestic thoroughbreds in australia. procedures-left forefeet were obtained from 3 feral horse populations from habitats of soft substrate (ss [n = 10 horses]), hard substrate (hs [10]), and a combination of ss and hs (10) and loaded in vitro. pressure distrib ... | 2011 | 21627516 |
| effect of topical vapocoolant spray on response to arthrocentesis and intravenous catheterization in unsedated horses. | objective-to assess the efficacy of a commercially available topical vapocoolant spray in reducing responses to arthrocentesis of the middle carpal (mc) and metacarpophalangeal (mcp) joints and jugular vein catheterization in unsedated horses. animals-8 healthy research horses. procedures-arthrocentesis of both mc and mcp joints and bilateral jugular vein catheterization were performed in each horse. immediately prior to skin penetration, 1 randomly selected mc joint, mcp joint, and jugular vein ... | 2011 | 21627519 |
| effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy and polysulfated glycosaminoglycan treatment on subchondral bone, serum biomarkers, and synovial fluid biomarkers in horses with induced osteoarthritis. | objective-to evaluate effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (eswt) and polysulfated glycosaminoglycan treatment (psgagt) on subchondral bone (scb), serum biomarkers, and synovial fluid biomarkers in horses with induced osteoarthritis. animals-24 healthy 2- to 3-year-old horses. procedures-an osteochondral fragment was created on the distal aspect of the radial carpal bone in 1 middle carpal joint of each horse. horses were randomly allocated to receive local application of eswt (days 14 a ... | 2011 | 21627523 |
| impact of successive freezing-thawing cycles on 3-t magnetic resonance images of the digits of isolated equine limbs. | objective-to assess the impact of cycles of freezing and thawing on magnetic resonance (mr) images (obtained by use of a 3-t magnet) of equine feet examined ex vivo. sample-9 forelimbs from 9 horse cadavers. procedures-9 forefeet underwent mr imaging first at ambient temperature within 12 hours after the horses' death and then after each freezing-thawing cycle. three digits underwent freezing and thawing (at 4°c for 36 hours) 2 times, 3 digits underwent freezing and thawing (at 4°c for 36 hours) ... | 2011 | 21627524 |
| evaluation of the ability of two transfection reagents to deliver small interfering rna molecules to equine and guinea pig cartilage in vitro. | objective-to evaluate 2 commercially available transfection reagents for transfection efficiency and distribution of small interfering rna (sirna) molecules to chondrocytes in monolayer cultures and full-thickness cartilage explants from guinea pigs and horses. sample-cartilage explants from 5 one-month-old and 3 adult guinea pigs and 5 adult clinically normal horses. procedures-monolayer chondrocytes and uniform cartilage explants were exposed to 1 of 2 sirna transfection complexes according to ... | 2011 | 21627528 |
| evaluation of variations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in horses with recurrent airway obstruction. | objective-to determine variations in cytologic counts of bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid attributable to month of collection, first and second aliquots, and left and right lung sites in horses with recurrent airway obstruction (rao). animals-5 horses with rao and 5 healthy horses without respiratory tract disease. procedures-horses were housed in a stable for 5 months prior to and throughout the study. bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected from the right and left lung of each horse 3 tim ... | 2011 | 21627532 |
| influence of the preservation period in silica-gel on the predatory activity of the isolates of duddingtonia flagrans on infective larvae of cyathostomins (nematoda: cyathostominae). | the continued maintenance of nematophagous fungi predatory activity under laboratory conditions is one of the basic requirements for a successful biological control. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of time on the preservation of the fungus duddingtonia flagrans (ac001 and cg722) stored in silica-gel for 7years and their subsequent predatory activity on cyathostomin l(3) larvae in 2% water-agar medium (2% wa). samples of the isolates ac001 and cg722, originating from vials ... | 2011 | 21627962 |
| concurrent nephrosplenic entrapment and acquired inguinal herniation of the jejunum in a standardbred stallion. | a stallion presenting for surgical correction of an acquired inguinal hernia was also diagnosed with a nephrosplenic entrapment (nse) intraoperatively. surgical intervention resulted in a successful outcome. to date, these conditions have not been reported to occur simultaneously. | 2011 | 21629423 |
| the use of nylon cable ties to repair rib fractures in neonatal foals. | commercially available nylon cable ties were used as a method of internal fixation for displaced rib fractures in 8 equine neonates. the procedure was effective, well-tolerated, rapid, and inexpensive. the use of nylon cable ties as internal fixation for displaced rib fractures in foals is an effective surgical procedure. | 2011 | 21629427 |
| clinical grading systems: can we resolve the needs of clinical practice and those of clinical research? | 2011 | 21631578 | |
| can lameness be graded reliably? | 2011 | 21631579 | |
| lower airway disease, now and in the future. | respiratory disease is an important cause of wastage in the thoroughbred industry and is a cause of welfare problems in all types of horse. this review concerns developments in our understanding of equine respiratory disease since 1998 and illustrates how strategic funding from the horserace betting levy board has contributed to this understanding. | 2011 | 21631581 |
| radiological anatomy of the donkey's foot: objective characterisation of the normal and laminitic donkey foot. | reasons for performing study: anatomical change within a laminitic foot is of diagnostic and prognostic importance. a lateromedial radiograph represents the current 'gold standard' by which these changes are identified. detection of anatomical change is dependent upon a priori knowledge of normality and subjective assessment alone may not identify modest change. normal baseline data is, therefore, needed against which objective comparisons can be made. there is little information regarding the r ... | 2011 | 21631583 |
| validation parameters cannot be obtained without using pure substance. | 2011 | 21632195 | |
| allergy among veterinary medicine students in the netherlands. | background veterinary medicine students who practice with animals are potentially exposed to many occupational agents, yet sensitisation and allergic symptoms among this group have not been studied extensively. objective the objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of sensitisation and allergic symptoms in veterinary medicine students in association with study specialisation over time. methods a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted. blood was collected and tested ... | 2011 | 21632519 |
| transmission potential of two chimeric chikungunya vaccine candidates in the urban mosquito vectors, aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus. | abstract. chikungunya virus (chikv) is an emerging, mosquito-borne alphavirus that has caused major epidemics in africa and asia. we developed chimeric vaccine candidates using the non-structural protein genes of either venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (veev) attenuated vaccine strain tc-83 or a naturally attenuated strain of eastern equine encephalitis virus (eeev) and the structural genes of chikv. because the transmission of genetically modified live vaccine strains is undesirable because ... | 2011 | 21633043 |
| targeted suicide gene therapy for glioma using human embryonic stem cell-derived neural stem cells genetically modified by baculoviral vectors. | tumor-tropic neural stem cells (nscs) can be used in the trojan horse approach as cellular vehicles for targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to distant tumor sites. to realize this cancer therapy potential, it is important to have a renewable source to generate large quantities of uniform human nscs. here, we reported that nscs derived from hes1 human embryonic stem cell line were capable of migrating into intracranial glioma xenografts after systemic injection or after intracranial injection ... | 2011 | 21633393 |
| international disease monitoring, october to december, 2010. | african swine fever in the caucasus and leningrad regions of russia. equine infectious anaemia in several eu member states. foot-and-mouth disease in bulgaria--the first in an eu member state since 2007. highly pathogenic avian influenza h5n1 in the far east. west nile virus in southern europe. these are among matters discussed in the international disease monitoring report for october to december 2010, prepared by defra's food and farming group, veterinary science team. | 2011 | 21634047 |
| [biological toxicity effect of petroleum contaminated soil before and after physicochemical remediation]. | toxicity analysis was studied from using seed germination as an ecological indicator, and the earthworm was considered as a suitable biomonitor animal to determine the ecological hazard of polluted soil. the main results are as follows: these crop seeds have significantly different responses to petroleum pollution. compared with those plants in clean soil, the germination of most crop seeds planted in contaminated soils is obviously inhabited. soybean, horse bean and maize are the crop affected ... | 2011 | 21634190 |
| identification of the piroplasms isolated from horses with clinical piroplasmosis in poland. | the study was aimed at determining the cause of the diseases in three horses exhibiting symptoms of fever, ataxia, mucus membrane paleness, haematuria and thrombocytopenia. the pcr technique revealed the presence in the blood of 18s rna babesia/theileria spp. genetic material. dna amplification using primers rlb f2 and rlb r2 produced 430 bp size products. the sequences of these pcr products demonstrated a 95.6-97.5% similarity with the sequence of the fragment of 18s rna babesia equi, gene numb ... | 2011 | 21634230 |
| neorickettsia risticii surface-exposed proteins: proteomics identification, recognition by naturally-infected horses, and strain variations. | abstract: neorickettsia risticii is the gram-negative, obligate, and intracellular bacterial pathogen responsible for potomac horse fever (phf): an important acute systemic disease of horses. n. risticii surface proteins, critical for immune recognition, have not been thoroughly characterized. in this paper, we identified the 51-kda antigen (p51) as a major surface-exposed outer membrane protein of older and contemporary strains of n. risticii through mass spectrometry of streptavidin-purified b ... | 2011 | 21635728 |
| a porcine gene, pbk, differentially expressed in the longissimus muscle from meishan and large white pig. | an investigation of differences in gene expression in the longissimus muscle of meishan and large white pigs was undertaken, using the mrna display technique. a fragment of one differentially expressed gene was isolated and sequenced, whereupon the complete cdna sequence was then obtained by using the rapid amplification of cdna ends (race). the nucleotide sequence of the gene is not related to any known porcine gene. sequence analysis revealed that the open reading frame of this gene encodes a ... | 2009 | 21637452 |
| genetic variability in the skyros pony and its relationship with other greek and foreign horse breeds. | in greece, seven native horse breeds have been identified so far. among these, the skyros pony is outstanding through having a distinct phenotype. in the present study, the aim was to assess genetic diversity in this breed, by using different types of genetic loci and available genealogical information. its relationships with the other greek, as well as foreign, domestic breeds were also investigated. through microsatellite and pedigree analysis it appeared that the skyros presented a similar le ... | 2011 | 21637546 |
| fungal dna and pet allergen levels in swedish day care centers and associations with building characteristics. | pet allergens and mold growth related to damp are common phenomena in day care centers in sweden but exposure measurements of these factors are lacking. the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between building construction and indoor environment quality in swedish day care centers and the potential for exposure to fungi (analyzed by quantitative pcr) and animal allergens (analyzed by elisa). measurements were performed in 21 day care centers (103 rooms) from one municipality in ... | 2011 | 21637862 |
| analysis of corticosteroids in biofluids by capillary electrochromatography with gradient elution. | capillary electrochromatography (cec) with gradient elution was used to separate mixtures of corticosteroids (adrenosterone, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, fluocortolone) in extracts of equine urine and plasma. urine samples were first purified using solid phase extraction. two purification steps were necessary to prevent contamination of the cec column. plasma was purified using automated dialysis. a laboratory-built cec interface, connected to a gradient hplc system, delivered samples and mobi ... | 1997 | 21639389 |
| integrative and semantic relations equally alleviate age-related associative memory deficits. | two experiments compared effects of integrative and semantic relations between pairs of words on lexical and memory processes in old age. integrative relations occur when two dissimilar and unassociated words are linked together to form a coherent phrase (e.g., horse-doctor). in experiment 1, older adults completed a lexical-decision task where prime and target words were related either integratively or semantically. the two types of relation both facilitated responses compared to a baseline con ... | 2011 | 21639644 |
| purification and biochemical characterization of antioxidant peptide from horse mackerel (magalaspis cordyla) viscera protein. | in the present study, a peptide having high antioxidant properties was isolated from horse mackerel viscera protein, magalaspis cordyla. in vitro gastrointestinal digestion was employed to obtain potential protein hydrolysate and was subjected to consecutive chromatographic methods using fast protein liquid chromatography (fplc) connected to diethyl amino ethyl (deae) anion exchange column and sephadex g-25 gel filtration column. the activity of the fractions was tested against dpph and hydroxyl ... | 2011 | 21640151 |
| a review of the impacts of nature based recreation on birds. | nature based recreation such as wildlife viewing, hiking, running, cycling, canoeing, horse riding and dog walking can have negative environmental effects. a review of the recreation ecology literature published in english language academic journals identified 69 papers from 1978 to 2010 that examined the effect of these activities on birds. sixty-one of the papers (88%) found negative impacts, including changes in bird physiology (all 11 papers), immediate behaviour (37 out of 41 papers), as we ... | 2011 | 21640470 |
| cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone, serotonin, adrenaline and noradrenaline serum concentrations in relation to disease and stress in the horse. | no detailed comparative data are available on the hormonal parameters of horses suffering from a number of diseases. the aim of our study was to measure concentrations of cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth), serotonin, adrenaline and noradrenaline in horses with various diseases and following surgery, to assess the response of the hpa axis and adrenal medulla. blood samples were obtained from six groups of horses comprising a total of 119 animals as follows: laminitis, acute abdominal s ... | 2011 | 21641009 |
| a broad-spectrum equine urine screening method for free and enzyme-hydrolysed conjugated drugs with ultra performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. | the authors' laboratory at one time employed four liquid chromatography/mass spectrometric (lc/ms) methods for the detection of a large variety of drugs in equine urine. drug classes covered by these methods included anti-diabetics, anti-ulcers, cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) inhibitors, sedatives, corticosteroids, anabolic steroids, sulfur diuretics, xanthines, etc. with the objective to reduce labour and instrumental workload, a new ultra performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric ( ... | 2011 | 21641418 |
| intestinal ciliate composition found in the feces of the turk rahvan horse equus caballus, linnaeus 1758. | species composition and distribution of large intestinal ciliates were investigated in the feces from 15 turk rahvan horses, living in the vicinity of izmir, turkey. twenty-two ciliate genera consisting of 36 species were identified. this is the first report on intestinal ciliates in turk rahvan horses and no previously unknown species were observed. the mean number of ciliates was 14.2±13.9×10(4)cellsml(-1) of feces and the mean number of ciliate species per host was 9.9±7.1. no ciliates were o ... | 2011 | 21641779 |
| interface micromotions increase with less-conforming cementless glenoid components. | background: the optimal degree of conformity between the glenoid and humeral components in total shoulder arthroplasty for best performance and durability is still a matter of debate. the main aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of joint conformity on the bone-implant interface micromotions in a cementless glenoid implant. materials and methods: polyethylene inlays with different degrees of conformity (radial mismatch of 0, 2, 4, and 6 mm) were mounted on a cementless metal back and t ... | 2011 | 21641827 |
| equine infectious anemia virus infection and immunity: lessons for aids vaccine development. | 2011 | 21643555 | |
| equine disease surveillance: quarterly summary. | 2011 | 21644262 | |
| persistent, widespread papilloma formation on the penis of a horse: a novel presentation of equine papillomavirus type 2 infection. | a 9-year-old gelding presented with approximately 100 papillomas that covered about 75% of the distal penis. biopsy was performed, and histology showed evidence of viral cytopathic change and koilocytosis. polymerase chain reaction using dna extracted from biopsied tissue amplified equine papillomavirus type 2 (ecpv-2) dna sequences. sixteen months later, the horse was re-examined and the appearance of the papillomas was unchanged. equine papillomavirus type 2 dna sequences were again amplified ... | 2011 | 21645140 |
| size-sieved subpopulations of mesenchymal stem cells from intervascular and perivascular equine umbilical cord matrix. | objectives: umbilical cord matrix (ucm) has been recently proposed as an alternative source of mesenchymal stem cells (mscs). the aim of this study was to isolate and characterize presumptive stem cells from intervascular and perivascular equine ucm and to obtain homogeneous subpopulations from both sites. materials and methods: umbilical cords were processed for retrieval of mscs. unsieved cells from intervascular and perivascular portions were evaluated for cell cycle analysis and for immuno ... | 2011 | 21645152 |
| poppea's bath liquor: the secret proteome of she-donkey's milk. | donkey's milk is today categorized among the best mother's milk substitute for allergic newborns, due to its much reduced or absent allergenicity, coupled to excellent palatability and nutritional value. however, up to the present, only a handful of proteins had been characterized, just about the standard eight to ten major ones known in all types of milk. by exploiting the combinatorial peptide ligand library technology, and treating large volumes (up to 300ml) of defatted, de-caseinized (whey) ... | 2011 | 21645650 |
| the role of rtx toxins in host specificity of animal pathogenic pasteurellaceae. | rtx toxins are bacterial pore-forming toxins that are particularly abundant among pathogenic species of pasteurellaceae, in which they play a major role in virulence. rtx toxins of several primary pathogens of the family of pasteurellaceae are directly involved in causing necrotic lesions in the target organs. many rtx toxins are known as haemolysins because they lyse erythrocytes in vitro, an effect that is non-specific, but which serves as a useful marker in bacteriological identification and ... | 2011 | 21645978 |
| arthroscopic reattachment of osteochondritis dissecans cartilage flaps of the femoropatellar joint: long-term results. | reasons for performing study: long-term efficacy of arthroscopic cartilage reattachment for the treatment of osteochondritis dissecans (ocd) lesions in the equine femoropatellar joint is unknown. objective: to evaluate radiographic outcome and long-term performance of horses undergoing ocd reattachment. hypothesis: separated ocd cartilage flaps may be reincorporated into the joint surface by reattachment rather than flap removal. methods: polydioxanone pins were utilised arthroscopically to reat ... | 2011 | 21649712 |
| a nationwide surveillance scheme for equine grass sickness in great britain: results for the period 2000-2009. | reasons for performing study: equine grass sickness (egs) remains a frequently fatal disease of equids in great britain (gb). the first nationwide surveillance scheme for egs was developed to obtain information on the occurrence of egs and to help facilitate future proposed intervention studies, such as vaccine trials. objectives: to collect both retrospective and prospective data on cases of egs occurring in gb since 2000 and to assess potential risk factors for categories of egs and survival a ... | 2011 | 21649713 |
| magnetic resonance imaging and histological findings in the proximal aspect of the suspensory ligament of forelimbs in nonlame horses. | reasons for performing study: detailed magnetic resonance imaging (mri) and histological appearances of the proximal aspect of the suspensory ligament (psl) in the forelimb of nonlame horses have not been previously documented. objectives: 1) to describe detailed anatomy of the psl, 2) describe high- and low-field mri and histological appearances of the psl and surrounding structures in the forelimb of horses with no carpal or proximal metacarpal pain, 3) assess the relationship between age, bre ... | 2011 | 21649714 |
| the arthroscopic and ultrasonographic boundaries of the equine femorotibial joints. | reasons for performing study: while descriptions of the visible soft tissues of the femorotibial joints exist for both arthroscopy and ultrasonography, there are few examples in the literature that discuss in detail the combined findings of these modalities. objectives: to further elucidate the ultrasonographic and arthroscopic boundaries of the normal equine femorotibial joints and improve the understanding of the benefits and limitations of each individual modality. methods: simultaneous arthr ... | 2011 | 21649715 |
| exercise in thoroughbred yearlings during sales preparation: a cohort study. | reasons for performing study: there is increasing evidence suggesting that early exercise in thoroughbred racehorses may be beneficial to the development of the musculoskeletal system. at present, information on the exercise programmes and health problems of individual yearlings during a sales preparation is scant. objectives: to describe the exercise and health problems of thoroughbred yearlings during preparation for sales, and to identify variations in exercise between and within farms. metho ... | 2011 | 21649716 |
| growth and differentiation of primary and passaged equine bronchial epithelial cells under conventional and air-liquid-interface culture conditions. | abstract: background: horses develop recurrent airway obstruction (rao) that resembles human bronchial asthma. differentiated primary equine bronchial epithelial cells (ebec) in culture that closely mimic the airway cells in vivo would be useful to investigate the contribution of bronchial epithelium in inflammation of airway diseases. however, because isolation and characterization of ebec cultures has been limited, we modified and optimized techniques of generating and culturing ebecs from hea ... | 2011 | 21649893 |
| identification of an original non-terpenoid varnish from the early 20th century oil painting "the white horse" (1929), by h. menzel. | different mass spectrometric approaches were used to identify an original non-terpenoid varnish. direct temperature-resolved ms and pyrolysis-gc/ms mainly showed the phenolic components, whereas thermally assisted (trans)methylation with tetramethylammonium hydroxide (tmah) strongly enhanced the evidence for tung oil as part of the varnish. transethylation studies of the fatty acids confirmed the tmah data. the degree of hydrolysis of the oil network was found to be low. no evidence was found fo ... | 1998 | 21651276 |
| feeding behaviour of potential vectors of west nile virus in senegal. | west nile virus (wnv) is a widespread pathogen maintained in an enzootic cycle between mosquitoes and birds with occasional spill-over into dead-end hosts such as horses and humans. migratory birds are believed to play an important role in its dissemination from and to the palaearctic area, as well as its local dispersion between wintering sites. the djoudj park, located in senegal, is a major wintering site for birds migrating from europe during the study period (sept. 2008- jan. 2009). in this ... | 2011 | 21651763 |
| evidence for the conservation of biological activity of ovulation-inducing factor in seminal plasma. | an ovulation-inducing factor (oif) in the seminal plasma of llamas and alpacas (induced ovulators) and cattle (spontaneous ovulators) suggests that oif is a conserved constituent of seminal plasma among mammals. in this study, three experiments were designed to determine the biological effects of oif in different species. in experiment 1, superstimulated prepubertal female cd-1 mice (n=36 per group) were given a single 0.1 ml i.p. dose of 1) phosphate-buffered saline (pbs), 2) 5 μg gonadotropin- ... | 2011 | 21652637 |
| effects of soaking on the water-soluble carbohydrate and crude protein content of hay. | the aim of this study was to determine the amounts of water-soluble carbohydrate (wsc), wsc constituents and protein leached from a range of u.k. hays soaked according to common practice. initial hay wsc content ranged from 123 to 230 g/kg dry matter (dm). soaking the hays for up to 16 hours in water at a mean temperature of 8°c resulted in a mean loss of 27 per cent (range 6 to 54 per cent) of hay wsc. the mean percentage losses of wsc constituents were 24 per cent (range 14 to 31) for fructan, ... | 2011 | 21652661 |
| an attempt to control cameraria ohridella using an attract-and-kill technique. | this study estimates the efficacy of an attract-and-kill (a&k) technique to control the horse chestnut leaf miner, cameraria ohridella deschka and dimic (lepidoptera, gracillariidae), an invasive insect pest of the horse chestnut, aesculus hippocastanum l. (hippocastanaceae). the a&k formulation was dispensed as 50 μl droplets of paste-like matrix, containing c. ohridella sex pheromone, (8e,10z)-tetradeca-8,10-dienal (85% + pure; 0.16% w/w) and a fast acting contact toxicant, pyrocides (94% pure ... | 2011 | 21654920 |
| rapid separation and identification of the subtypes of swine and equine influenza a viruses by electromigration techniques with uv and fluorometric detection. | influenza a is viral disease, which is a cause of yearly epidemics and, potentially, pandemics. the conventional techniques used today are equipment-demanding, time-consuming and laborious. recently, we have confirmed that the capillary isoelectric focusing is a suitable fast alternative for the verifying of virus purity. in the wide ph gradient of ph range 2.0-7.5 the isoelectric points for subtypes of equine (h3n8) and swine (h1n2) influenza a viruses were determined approximately as 6.6 and 6 ... | 2011 | 21655602 |
| the response of ammophila breviligulata and spartina patens (poaceae) to grazing by feral horses on a dynamic mid-atlantic barrier island. | ammophila breviligulata, american beachgrass, and spartina patens, salt meadow hay, have been grazed by feral horses on the dunes of assateague island for hundreds of years; however, because of a significant increase in the horse population since the 1960s, overgrazing and dune erosion have become problems. grazing was assessed on foredunes of four different morphologies along a 21-km stretch of the maryland portion of the island using 17 exclosure plot pairs. in addition to decreased cover and ... | 2003 | 21659203 |
| epilepsy and menopause. | epilepsy and menopause have complicated interactions. treatment of epilepsy may cause exacerbation of osteoporosis and alter the effects of hormone replacement therapy (hrt) whereas hrt may influence the frequency of seizures. | 2011 | 21660468 |
| wicking assay for the rapid detection of rift valley fever viral antigens in mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae). | rift valley fever virus (rvfv) causes outbreaks of severe disease in domestic ungulates as well as humans in africa. there is a logical concern that rvfv could be introduced into the americas and cause significant health and economic damage based on the precedent of the introduction and spread of west nile virus (wnv). unfortunately, there are currently no licensed diagnostic assays available for rvfv in the americas. in this work, we report on the ability of a novel dipstick assay, vectortest r ... | 2011 | 21661324 |
| immunoglobulin g antibody profiles against anopheles salivary proteins in domestic animals in senegal. | although domestic animals may not be permissive for plasmodium, they could nevertheless play a role in the epidemiology of malaria by attracting anopheles away from humans. to investigate interactions between domestic animals and mosquitoes, we assayed immunoglobulin g (igg) antibodies directed against the salivary proteins of anopheles gambiae in domestic animals living in senegalese villages where malaria is endemic. by western blotting, sera from bovines (n=6), ovines (n=36), and caprines (n= ... | 2011 | 21661332 |
| cytokine mrna expression of pulmonary macrophages varies with challenge but not with disease state in horses with heaves or in controls. | heaves in horses is characterized by lower airway neutrophilic inflammation, and reversible airflow obstruction. pulmonary macrophages contribute to the inflammation observed in a number of human and animal pulmonary diseases, and it has been postulated that they are responsible for the neutrophilic inflammation present in heaves by the release of cytokines and chemokines. to test this hypothesis, the mrna expression of tnf-╬▒, il-1╬▓, il-8, and mip-2 by macrophages isolated from bronchoalveolar ... | 2011 | 21664702 |
| nociceptive trigeminal reflexes in non-sedated horses. | electrically induced reflexes can be used to investigate the physiology and pathophysiology of the trigeminal system in humans. similarly, the assessment of the trigemino-cervical (tcr) and blink reflexes (br) may provide a new diagnostic tool in horses. the aim of this study was to evoke nociceptive trigeminal reflexes and describe the electrophysiological characteristics in non-sedated horses. the infraorbital (ion) and supraorbital nerves (son) were stimulated transcutaneously in 10 adult war ... | 2011 | 21664846 |
| epizootic heamorragic disease. | epizootic haemorrhagic disease (ehd) is an infectious non-contagious viral disease transmitted by insects of the genus culicoides which affects wild and domestic ruminants. the causative agent, the epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv), belongs to the family reoviridae, genus orbivirus and shares many morphological and structural characteristics with the other members of the genus such as bluetongue, african horse sickness and equine encephalosis viruses. in recent years ehd outbreaks have ... | 2011 | 21665237 |
| risk factors for the presence and extent of developmental orthopaedic disease in the limbs of young horses: insights from a count model. | developmental orthopaedic disease (dod) in limb joints is frequent, can cause lameness and is a major cause of economic losses for the horse breeding industry. studies on risk factors for dod usually dichotomise the outcome to presence/absence without considering the extent of the disease, which can be appreciated by the number or the severity of the lesions. the aim of this study was to assess the effects of growth, exercise conditions and feeding practices on the number of radiographic finding ... | 2011 | 21665299 |
| frequency of equine laminitis: a systematic review with quality appraisal of published evidence. | equine laminitis is a highly debilitating disease of the foot. despite its perceived importance, epidemiological characteristics are poorly understood and the true frequency of the disease remains unclear. the objective of this study was to retrospectively assess previous research to identify publications which provide the best evidence of the frequency of naturally-occurring equine laminitis. a systematic review of english language publications was conducted using medline (1950-2010), cab direc ... | 2011 | 21665498 |
| peritonitis in horses: 55 cases (2004-2007). | factors associated with the outcome of peritonitis in horses are seldom described. the objectives of this study were to determine the common clinical signs and clinicopathologic findings and to reveal prognostic factors associated with the outcome of peritonitis in equine patients. data were examined in a retrospective manner in 55 horses diagnosed with and treated for peritonitis. the most common clinical and clinicopathologic findings were tachycardia (94%), increased amount of peritoneal flui ... | 2011 | 21665572 |
| angiotensin-(1-7) induces ovulation and steroidogenesis in perfused rabbit ovaries. | a local renin-angiotensin system has been described in several organs, including the ovary; however, data indicating a role for angiotensin ii in the induction of ovulation are controversial. we have previously shown the presence of a novel peptide, angiotensin-(1-7) [ang-(1-7)], in the rat ovary and its effect on steroidogenesis. the objective of the present study was to determine whether ang-(1-7) plays a role in ovulation. we first determined the presence and distribution of ang-(1-7) and the ... | 2011 | 21666031 |
| molecular cloning, sequence characterization, polymorphism and association analysis of porcine ropn1 gene. | the full-length cdna sequence of one porcine gene, ropn1, was isolated using the rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) method based on one pig est sequence which was highly homologous to the coding sequence of human ropn1 gene. the porcine ropn1 gene encodes a protein of 212 amino acids which shares high homology with the rhophilin associated protein 1 (ropn1) of eight species: gray short-tailed opossum (96%), horse (95%), cattle (94%), mouse (93%), rat (92%), chimpanzee (85%), human (85%) and ... | 2011 | 21667248 |
| reversal of lysosomal storage in brain of adult mps-i mice with intravenous trojan horse-iduronidase fusion protein. | a mouse model of mucopolysaccharidosis (mps) type i, which is null for the lysosomal enzyme, ╬▒-l-iduronidase (idua), is treated with intravenous, receptor-mediated enzyme replacement therapy of the brain. murine idua, which does not cross the blood-brain barrier, is re-engineered for targeting to the brain as an igg-enzyme fusion protein. the amino terminus of mature idua is fused to the carboxyl terminus of the heavy chain of a chimeric monoclonal antibody (mab) against the murine transferrin ... | 2011 | 21667973 |
| is the skin sensitivity test required for administering equine rabies immunoglobulin? | rabies immunoglobulins are life-saving in patients with severe exposure to rabies. despite the high degree of purification of equine rabies immunoglobulin (erig), the product inserts still recommend a skin sensitivity test before administration of this heterologous serum. a recent who recommendation states that there are no scientific grounds for performing a skin test before administering erig because testing does not predict reactions and it should be given irrespective of the result of the te ... | 2011 | 21668049 |
| current joint therapy usage in equine practice: a survey of veterinarians 2009. | reasons for performing study: medications are frequently employed to treat intra-articular (ia) problems in the performance horse. actual usage of the different ia medications in horses is not available. objectives: to determine the most common usage of these medications, members of the american association of equine practitioners (aaep) were surveyed. methods: an email link to an online survey was electronically sent to 6305 aaep members and the responses tabulated and analysed with a logistic ... | 2011 | 21668486 |
| comparative study of equine bone marrow and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. | reasons for performing study: mesenchymal stromal cells (mscs) represent an attractive source for regenerative medicine. however, prior to their application, fundamental questions regarding molecular characterisation, growth and differentiation of mscs must be resolved. objectives: to compare and better understand the behaviour of equine mscs obtained from bone marrow (bm) and adipose tissue (at) in culture. methods: five horses were included in this study. proliferation rate was measured using ... | 2011 | 21668489 |
| bovine papillomavirus type 1 and equus caballus papillomavirus 2 in equine squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in a connemara mare. | in january 2010, 18 months after excision of an ocular squamous cell carcinoma (scc), a connemara mare presented with anorexia and periorbital/parotideal lesions. post mortem examination revealed these lesions as forming one entity, with 2 additional growths in the retropharyngeal region and the left jugular groove, respectively. the lesions were confirmed histopathologically as sccs. using pcr, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) from 2008 and 2010, tumour tissue, intact skin and vulval ... | 2011 | 21668491 |
| disease prevalence in geriatric horses in the united kingdom: veterinary clinical assessment of 200 cases. | reasons for performing study: geriatric horses (aged ôëñ15 years) represent a substantial proportion of the equine population, yet few studies have investigated the prevalence of diseases within this population in the uk. objectives: to describe the findings of veterinary clinical examination of 200 geriatric horses and ponies in north west england and north wales, and to assess the effect of animal age and type (horse or pony) on the presence or absence of clinical signs and veterinary diagnose ... | 2011 | 21668494 |
| the use of phenylbutazone in the horse. | soma, l. r., uboh, c. e., maylin g. m. the use of phenylbutazone in the horse. j. vet. pharmacol. therap. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2011.01299.x. this review presents a brief historical prospective of the genesis of regulated medication in the us racing industry of which the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (nsaid) phenylbutazone (pbz) is the focus. it presents some historical guideposts in the development of the current rules on the use of pbz by racing jurisdictions in the us. based on its p ... | 2011 | 21668837 |
| what is your diagnosis? cervical vertebral compressive myelopathy at c6-7. | 2011 | 21671808 | |
| evaluation of sedation and analgesia in standing horses after administration of xylazine, butorphanol, and subanesthetic doses of ketamine. | to evaluate the sedative and analgesic effects of subanesthetic doses of ketamine in horses sedated with xylazine, with or without butorphanol. | 2011 | 21671819 |
| epiglottic abnormalities in mature nonracehorses: 23 cases (1990-2009). | to identify history, clinical signs, endoscopic findings, treatment, and outcome of mature (> 8 years old) nonracehorses with epiglottic abnormalities. | 2011 | 21671820 |
| quantitative and qualitative comparison of three scoring systems for assessing recovery quality after general anaesthesia in horses. | to assess the reproducibility and repeatability of two commonly used recovery quality scoring systems and compare them with those of a novel system based on a greater number of objective criteria. | 2011 | 21672127 |
| molecular epidemiology of strangles outbreaks in the uk during 2010. | the sequence of the streptococcus equi subspecies equi (s equi) m-like protein (sem) gene was determined for 105 isolates of s equi from strangles outbreaks in the uk during 2010 and compared with previous data from 2007 to 2008. twenty-three distinct alleles were identified, including 11 novel alleles. one allele giving rise to a putative truncated m protein was identified from the guttural pouch of an asymptomatic carrier. allele 9 was the most prevalent, comprising 57.7 per cent of isolates, ... | 2011 | 21672953 |
| putting the cart before the horse. a comment on wagstaff on inequality measurement in the presence of binary variables. | 2011 | 21674679 | |
| antibiotic resistance in faecal bacteria isolated from horses receiving virginiamycin for the prevention of pasture-associated laminitis. | enterococcus faecium, a major cause of potentially life-threatening hospital-acquired human infections, can be resistant to several antimicrobials, such that streptogramin quinupristin-dalfopristin (q/d) is one of the few antibiotics still effective. consequently use of the streptogramin virginiamycin as an animal growth promoter was banned in the eu in 1999 as some believed this contributed to the emergence of q/d resistant e. faecium. virginiamycin is advocated for preventing equine pasture-as ... | 2011 | 21676560 |
| a synergistic effect of insulin-like growth factor (igf-i) on equine luteinizing hormone (elh)-induced testosterone production from cultured leydig cells of horses. | localization of igf-i and igf-ir were observed in leydig cells of horses using immunohistochemistry (ihc), suggesting igf-i may play a role in equine leydig cell steroidogenesis. previous studies in other species have indicated that igf-i increases basal and/or lh/hcg-induced testosterone production. the objectives of this study were to (1) test the synergistic effect of igf-i on elh-induced testosterone production in cultured equine leydig cells and (2) determine if this effect is reproductive ... | 2011 | 21676562 |