Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| point-of-care multiplex pcr promises short turnaround times for microbial testing in hospital-acquired pneumonia--an observational pilot study in critical ill patients. | the early beginning of an adequate antibiotic therapy is crucial in hospital-acquired pneumonia (hap), but depends on the results of conventional microbiological diagnostics (cmd). it was the aim of this study to evaluate the performance and turnaround times of a new point-of-care multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mpcr) system for rapid identification of pathogens and antibiotic resistance markers. we assessed the applicability of the system under real-life conditions in critical ill patients ... | 2015 | 26071191 |
| association of targeted multiplex pcr with resequencing microarray for the detection of multiple respiratory pathogens. | a large number of viral and bacterial organisms are responsible for community-acquired pneumonia (cap) which contributes to substantial burden on health management. a new resequencing microarray (rpm-ivdc1) associated with targeted multiplex pcr was recently developed and validated for multiple respiratory viruses detection and discrimination. in this study, we evaluated the capability of rpm-ivdc1 for simultaneous identification of multiple viral and bacterial organisms. the nasopharyngeal aspi ... | 2015 | 26074910 |
| effects of vaccination with 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable haemophilus influenza protein d conjugate vaccine (phid-cv) on the nasopharyngeal microbiome of kenyan toddlers. | pneumococcal conjugate vaccines reduce the prevalence of vaccine serotypes carried in the nasopharynx. because this could alter carriage of other potential pathogens, we assessed the nasopharyngeal microbiome of children who had been vaccinated with 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable haemophilus influenzae protein-d conjugate vaccine (phid-cv). | 2015 | 26083474 |
| airway bacteria measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and culture in patients with stable copd: relationship with neutrophilic airway inflammation, exacerbation frequency, and lung function. | potentially pathogenic microorganisms can be detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) in sputum from patients with copd, although how this technique relates to culture and clinical measures of disease is unclear. we used cross-sectional and longitudinal data to test the hypotheses that qpcr is a more sensitive measure of bacterial presence and is associated with neutrophilic airway inflammation and adverse clinical outcomes. | 2015 | 26089657 |
| trends in antibiotic resistance of streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae isolated from nasopharyngeal flora in children with acute otitis media in france before and after 13 valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction. | after the implementation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (pcvs), the marked shift in streptococcus pneumoniae (pnc) serotype distribution led to a modification in pneumococcal antibiotic susceptibility. in 2011, the pattern of antibiotic prescription in france for acute otitis media in infants was greatly modified, with decreased use of third-generation cephalosporins and amoxicillin-clavulanate replaced by amoxicillin alone. to assess antibiotic strategies, here we measured the antibiotic su ... | 2015 | 26093673 |
| total synthesis and structural revision of antibiotic cj-16,264. | the total synthesis and structural revision of antibiotic cj-16,264 is described. starting with citronellal, the quest for the target molecule featured a novel bis-transannular diels-alder reaction that casted stereoselectively the decalin system and included the synthesis of six isomers before demystification of its true structure. | 2015 | 26096055 |
| a prescription event monitoring study on the utility of garenoxacin, a newer fluoroquinolone in india. | prescription event monitoring (pem) study is conducted worldwide. the main objective of such study is to monitor the adverse events when a drug is being prescribed in "real life clinical" settings. pem studies are being looked upon as an essential observational tool of postmarketing surveillance. garenoxacin, a newer fluoroquinolone offers an excellent spectrum of antimicrobial coverage, which includes gram-positive, gram-negative, anaerobes and atypical microorganism. this broad spectrum of act ... | 2015 | 26097813 |
| expression of the oligopeptide permease operon of moraxella catarrhalis is regulated by temperature and nutrient availability. | moraxella catarrhalis causes otitis media in children and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults. together, these two conditions contribute to enormous morbidity and mortality worldwide. the oligopeptide permease (opp) abc transport system is a nutritional virulence factor important for the utilization of peptides. the substrate binding protein oppa, which binds peptides for uptake, is a potential vaccine antigen, but little was known about the regulation of gene expres ... | 2015 | 26099587 |
| moraxella catarrhalis binds plasminogen to evade host innate immunity. | several bacterial species recruit the complement regulators c4b-binding protein, factor h, and vitronectin, resulting in resistance against the bactericidal activity of human serum. it was recently demonstrated that bacteria also bind plasminogen, which is converted to plasmin that degrades c3b and c5. in this study, we found that a series of clinical isolates (n = 58) of the respiratory pathogen moraxella catarrhalis, which is commonly isolated from preschool children and adults with chronic ob ... | 2015 | 26099590 |
| perioperative microbiologic monitoring of sputum on postoperative day one as a predictor of pneumonia after hepatectomy. | the purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate microbial examination of sputum on postoperative day one (pod1) and to determine risk factors for postoperative pneumonia (pop) after hepatectomy. | 2015 | 26105551 |
| evaluation of four commercial multiplex molecular tests for the diagnosis of acute respiratory infections. | acute respiratory infections (aris) are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. documentation of respiratory specimens can help for an appropriate clinical management with a significant effect on the disease progress in patient, the antimicrobial therapy used and the risk of secondary spread of infection. here, we compared the performances of four commercial multiplex kits used in french university hospital diagnostic microbiology laboratories for the detection of ari pat ... | 2015 | 26107509 |
| identification of chemical compounds that inhibit the function of glutamyl-trna synthetase from pseudomonas aeruginosa. | pseudomonas aeruginosa glutamyl-trna synthetase (glurs) was overexpressed in escherichia coli. sequence analysis indicated that p. aeruginosa glurs is a discriminating glurs and, similar to other glurs proteins, requires the presence of trna(glu) to produce a glutamyl-amp intermediate. kinetic parameters for interaction with trna were determined and the k(cat) and km were 0.8 s(-1) and 0.68 µm, respectively, resulting in a k(cat)/km of 1.18 s(-1) µm(-1). a robust aminoacylation-based scintillati ... | 2015 | 26116192 |
| high ifn-γ and low slpi mark severe asthma in mice and humans. | severe asthma (sa) is a challenge to control, as patients are not responsive to high doses of systemic corticosteroids (cs). in contrast, mild-moderate asthma (mma) is responsive to low doses of inhaled cs, indicating that th2 cells, which are dominant in mma, do not solely orchestrate sa development. here, we analyzed broncholalveolar lavage cells isolated from mma and sa patients and determined that ifn-γ (th1) immune responses are exacerbated in the airways of individuals with sa, with reduce ... | 2015 | 26121748 |
| meropenem population pharmacokinetics in critically ill patients with septic shock and continuous renal replacement therapy: influence of residual diuresis on dose requirements. | meropenem dosing in critically ill patients with septic shock and continuous renal replacement therapy (crrt) is complex, with the recommended maintenance doses being 500 mg to 1,000 mg every 8 h (q8h) to every 12 h. this multicenter study aimed to describe the pharmacokinetics (pks) of meropenem in this population to identify the sources of pk variability and to evaluate different dosing regimens to develop recommendations based on clinical parameters. thirty patients with septic shock and crrt ... | 2015 | 26124172 |
| the influence of smoking on the peri-implant microbiome. | smokers are at high risk for 2 bacterially driven oral diseases: peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to use a deep-sequencing approach to identify the effect of smoking on the peri-implant microbiome in states of health and disease. peri-implant biofilm samples were collected from 80 partially edentulous subjects with peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis. bacterial dna was isolated and 16s ribsomal rna gene li ... | 2015 | 26124222 |
| dual transcriptomic profiling of host and microbiota during health and disease in pediatric asthma. | high-throughput sequencing (hts) analysis of microbial communities from the respiratory airways has heavily relied on the 16s rrna gene. given the intrinsic limitations of this approach, airway microbiome research has focused on assessing bacterial composition during health and disease, and its variation in relation to clinical and environmental factors, or other microbiomes. consequently, very little effort has been dedicated to describing the functional characteristics of the airway microbiota ... | 2015 | 26125632 |
| acute exacerbations of copd are associated with significant activation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 irrespectively of airway obstruction, emphysema and infection. | acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ae-copd) are associated with accelerated aggravation of clinical symptoms and deterioration of pulmonary function. the mechanisms by which exacerbations may contribute to airway remodeling and declined lung function are poorly understood. in this study, we investigated if ae-copd are associated with differential expression of matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) and their tissue inhibitors (timps) in bronchoalveolar lavage (bal). | 2015 | 26126526 |
| fatal bacteremia by neisseria cinerea in a woman with myelodysplastic syndrome: a case report. | neisseria cinerea has been rarely found in blood cultures. in this study, we are reporting a case of a myelodysplastic syndrome (mds) patient in whose blood neisseria cinerea was found and led a fatal consequence. this case will call our attentions to the uncommon pathogens in the pathogenicity of end-stage patients. | 2015 | 26131259 |
| cdia promotes receptor-independent intercellular adhesion. | cdib/cdia proteins mediate inter-bacterial competition in a process termed contact-dependent growth inhibition (cdi). filamentous cdia exoproteins extend from cdi(+) cells and bind specific receptors to deliver toxins into susceptible target bacteria. cdi has also been implicated in auto-aggregation and biofilm formation in several species, but the contribution of cdia-receptor interactions to these multi-cellular behaviors has not been examined. using escherichia coli isolate ec93 as a model, w ... | 2015 | 26135212 |
| poor memory b cell generation contributes to non-protective responses to dtap vaccine antigens in otitis-prone children. | we recently identified a cohort of children with recurrent episodes of acute otitis media (aom) who fail to generate protective antibody titres to otopathogens and several vaccine antigens. in this study we determined the antibody levels against dtap vaccine antigens, diphtheria toxoid (dt), tetanus toxoid (tt) and acellular pertussis toxoid (pt) in sera from 15 stringently defined otitis-prone (sop) children and 20 non-otitis-prone (nop) children. we found significantly lower concentrations of ... | 2015 | 26138025 |
| the microbiome of the human lower airways: a next generation sequencing perspective. | for a long time, the human lower airways were considered a sterile environment where the presence of microorganisms, typically revealed by culturing, was interpreted as an abnormal health state. more recently, high-throughput sequencing-based studies have led to a shift in this perception towards the notion that even in healthy conditions the lower airways show either transient presence or even permanent colonization by microorganisms. however, challenges related to low biomass and contamination ... | 2015 | 26140078 |
| children hospitalized due to acute otitis media: how does this condition differ from acute mastoiditis? | to evaluate the clinical picture and microbiological findings of children hospitalized due to acute otitis media and to analyze how it differs from acute mastoiditis. | 2015 | 26141864 |
| the etiology and pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis: a review of current hypotheses. | chronic rhinosinusitis (crs) is a broad clinical syndrome that is characterized by prolonged mucosal inflammation of the nose and paranasal sinuses, and is typically divided into two subtypes based on the presence or absence of nasal polyps. the etiology and pathogenesis of both forms remain areas of active research. over the last 15 years, a number of hypotheses have been proposed to explain all or part of the clinical crs spectrum. these hypotheses reflect the concept that crs results from a d ... | 2015 | 26143392 |
| optimization of molecular approaches to genogroup neisseria meningitidis carriage isolates and implications for monitoring the impact of new serogroup b vaccines. | the reservoir for neisseria meningitidis (nm) is the human oropharynx. implementation of nm serogroup c (nmc) glycoconjugate vaccines directly reduced nmc carriage. prophylactic vaccines are now available to prevent disease caused by the five major nm disease causing serogroups (abcwy). nm serogroup b (nmb) vaccines are composed of antigens that are conserved across nm serogroups and therefore have the potential to impact all nm carriage. to assess the effect of these vaccines on carriage, stand ... | 2015 | 26147212 |
| sputum bacterial and fungal dynamics during exacerbations of severe copd. | the changes in the microbial community structure during acute exacerbations of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) in hospitalized patients remain largely uncharacterized. therefore, further studies focused on the temporal dynamics and structure of sputum microbial communities during acute exacerbation of copd (aecopd) would still be necessary. in our study, the use of molecular microbiological techniques provided insight into both fungal and bacterial diversities in aecopd patie ... | 2015 | 26147303 |
| nasopharyngeal bacterial burden and antibiotics: influence on inflammatory markers and disease severity in infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | animal studies suggest that rsv increases nasopharyngeal (np) bacterial colonization facilitating bacterial infections. we investigated the influence of antibiotic treatment and colonization with potentially pathogenic bacteria on inflammatory markers and disease severity in rsv-infected in infants. | 2015 | 26149186 |
| the role of the local microbial ecosystem in respiratory health and disease. | respiratory tract infections are a major global health concern, accounting for high morbidity and mortality, especially in young children and elderly individuals. traditionally, highly common bacterial respiratory tract infections, including otitis media and pneumonia, were thought to be caused by a limited number of pathogens including streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae. however, these pathogens are also frequently observed commensal residents of the upper respiratory tract (ur ... | 2015 | 26150660 |
| the lung microbiome: new principles for respiratory bacteriology in health and disease. | 2015 | 26158874 | |
| common cell shape evolution of two nasopharyngeal pathogens. | respiratory infectious diseases are the third cause of worldwide death. the nasopharynx is the portal of entry and the ecological niche of many microorganisms, of which some are pathogenic to humans, such as neisseria meningitidis and moraxella catarrhalis. these microbes possess several surface structures that interact with the actors of the innate immune system. in our attempt to understand the past evolution of these bacteria and their adaption to the nasopharynx, we first studied differences ... | 2015 | 26162030 |
| a modified shuttle plasmid facilitates expression of a flavin mononucleotide-based fluorescent protein in treponema denticola atcc 35405. | oral pathogens, including treponema denticola, initiate the dysregulation of tissue homeostasis that characterizes periodontitis. however, progress of research on the roles of t. denticola in microbe-host interactions and signaling, microbial communities, microbial physiology, and molecular evolution has been hampered by limitations in genetic methodologies. this is typified by an extremely low transformation efficiency and inability to transform the most widely studied t. denticola strain with ... | 2015 | 26162875 |
| role of nasopharyngeal bacteria and respiratory viruses in acute symptoms of young children. | the spectrum of acute symptoms in young outpatient children with respiratory tract infection (rti) is variable, and it cannot be explained by the diagnosis of acute otitis media (aom) versus uncomplicated rti. we studied that the variation of symptoms is explained by the nasopharyngeal bacteria and/or respiratory viruses. | 2015 | 26164848 |
| responding to the challenge of untreatable gonorrhea: etx0914, a first-in-class agent with a distinct mechanism-of-action against bacterial type ii topoisomerases. | with the diminishing effectiveness of current antibacterial therapies, it is critically important to discover agents that operate by a mechanism that circumvents existing resistance. etx0914, the first of a new class of antibacterial agent targeted for the treatment of gonorrhea, operates by a novel mode-of-inhibition against bacterial type ii topoisomerases. incorporating an oxazolidinone on the scaffold mitigated toxicological issues often seen with topoisomerase inhibitors. organisms resistan ... | 2015 | 26168713 |
| effects of different antibiotic classes on airway bacteria in stable copd using culture and molecular techniques: a randomised controlled trial. | long-term antibiotic therapy is used to prevent exacerbations of copd but there is uncertainty over whether this reduces airway bacteria. the optimum antibiotic choice remains unknown. we conducted an exploratory trial in stable patients with copd comparing three antibiotic regimens against placebo. | 2015 | 26179246 |
| infection control in the pulmonary function test laboratory. | pulmonary function testing plays a crucial role in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with lung diseases. cases of cross infection acquired from the pulmonary function laboratory, although rare, have been reported from various countries. it is therefore imperative to identify the risks and potential organisms implicated in cross infections in a pulmonary function test (pft) laboratory and implement better and more effective infection control procedures, which will help in preventing cross inf ... | 2015 | 26180386 |
| [susceptibilities of bacteria isolated from patients with lower respiratory infectious diseases to antibacterial agents (2010)]. | from october 2010 to september 2011, we collected the specimen from 361 patients with lower respiratory tract infections in 16 institutions in japan, and investigated the susceptibilities of isolated bacteria to various antibacterial agents and patients' characteristics. all of 399 strains that were isolated from specimen (mainly from sputum) and assumed to be bacteria causing in infection, were examined. the isolated bacteria were: staphylococcus aureus 70, streptococcus pneumoniae 65, haemophi ... | 2015 | 26182813 |
| [susceptibilities of bacteria isolated from patients with lower respiratory infectious diseases to antibacterial agents (2011)]. | from october 2011 to september 2012, we collected the specimen from 316 patients with lower respiratory tract infections in 16 institutions in japan, and investigated the susceptibilities of isolated bacteria to various antibacterial agents and patients' characteristics. all of 357 strains that were isolated from specimen (mainly from sputum) and assumed to be bacteria causing in infection, were examined. the isolated bacteria were: staphylococcus aureus 51, streptococcus pneumoniae 73, haemophi ... | 2015 | 26182814 |
| structural basis of transcription inhibition by cbr hydroxamidines and cbr pyrazoles. | cbr hydroxamidines are small-molecule inhibitors of bacterial rna polymerase (rnap) discovered through high-throughput screening of synthetic-compound libraries. cbr pyrazoles are structurally related rnap inhibitors discovered through scaffold hopping from cbr hydroxamidines. cbr hydroxamidines and pyrazoles selectively inhibit gram-negative bacterial rnap and exhibit selective antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria. here, we report crystal structures of the prototype cbr hydroxa ... | 2015 | 26190576 |
| in vitro activity of azd0914, a novel bacterial dna gyrase/topoisomerase iv inhibitor, against clinically relevant gram-positive and fastidious gram-negative pathogens. | azd0914, a new spiropyrimidinetrione bacterial dna gyrase inhibitor with a novel mode of inhibition, has activity against bacterial species commonly cultured from patient infection specimens, including fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates. this study assessed the in vitro activity of azd0914 against key gram-positive and fastidious gram-negative clinical isolates collected globally in 2013. azd0914 demonstrated potent activity, with mic90s for azd0914 of 0.25 mg/liter against staphylococcus aureus ... | 2015 | 26195518 |
| real-time microbiology laboratory surveillance system to detect abnormal events and emerging infections, marseille, france. | infectious diseases are a major threat to humanity, and accurate surveillance is essential. we describe how to implement a laboratory data-based surveillance system in a clinical microbiology laboratory. two historical microsoft excel databases were implemented. the data were then sorted and used to execute the following 2 surveillance systems in excel: the bacterial real-time laboratory-based surveillance system (balyses) for monitoring the number of patients infected with bacterial species iso ... | 2015 | 26196165 |
| differentiation of acute q fever from other infections in patients presenting to hospitals, the netherlands(1). | differentiating acute q fever from infections caused by other pathogens is essential. we conducted a retrospective case-control study to evaluate differences in clinical signs, symptoms, and outcomes for 82 patients with acute q fever and 52 control patients who had pneumonia, fever and lower respiratory tract symptoms, or fever and hepatitis, but had negative serologic results for q fever. patients with acute q fever were younger and had higher c-reactive protein levels but lower leukocyte coun ... | 2015 | 26196955 |
| the impact of immunosenescence on pulmonary disease. | the global population is aging with significant gains in life expectancy particularly in the developed world. consequently, greater focus on understanding the processes that underlie physiological aging has occurred. key facets of advancing age include genomic instability, telomere shortening, epigenetic changes, and declines in immune function termed immunosenescence. immunosenescence and its associated chronic low grade systemic "inflamm-aging" contribute to the development and progression of ... | 2015 | 26199462 |
| virulence of group a streptococci is enhanced by human complement inhibitors. | streptococcus pyogenes, also known as group a streptococcus (gas), is an important human bacterial pathogen that can cause invasive infections. once it colonizes its exclusively human host, gas needs to surmount numerous innate immune defense mechanisms, including opsonization by complement and consequent phagocytosis. several strains of gas bind to human-specific complement inhibitors, c4b-binding protein (c4bp) and/or factor h (fh), to curtail complement c3 (a critical opsonin) deposition. thi ... | 2015 | 26200783 |
| development of a multilocus sequence typing scheme for molecular typing of mycoplasma pneumoniae. | mycoplasma pneumoniae is a major human respiratory pathogen causing both upper and lower respiratory disease in humans of all ages, and it can also result in other serious extrapulmonary sequelae. a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) scheme for m. pneumoniae was developed based on the sequences of eight housekeeping genes (ppa, pgm, gyrb, gmk, glya, atpa, arcc, and adk) and applied to 55 m. pneumoniae clinical isolates and the two type strains m129 and fh. a total of 12 sequence types (sts) resul ... | 2015 | 26202118 |
| the conserved carboxyl domain of morc, an inner membrane protein of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, is essential for membrane function. | morphogenesis protein c (morc) of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is important for maintaining the membrane morphology and integrity of the cell envelope of this oral pathogen. the morc sequence and operon organization were found to be conserved in gammaproteobacteria, based on a bioinformatic analysis of 435 sequences from representative organisms. functional conservation of morc was investigated using an a. actinomycetemcomitans morc mutant as a model system to express morc homologs from ... | 2015 | 26205976 |
| the conserved carboxyl domain of morc, an inner membrane protein of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, is essential for membrane function. | morphogenesis protein c (morc) of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is important for maintaining the membrane morphology and integrity of the cell envelope of this oral pathogen. the morc sequence and operon organization were found to be conserved in gammaproteobacteria, based on a bioinformatic analysis of 435 sequences from representative organisms. functional conservation of morc was investigated using an a. actinomycetemcomitans morc mutant as a model system to express morc homologs from ... | 2015 | 26205976 |
| dna microarray characterization of pathogens associated with sexually transmitted diseases. | this study established a multiplex pcr-based microarray to detect simultaneously a diverse panel of 17 sexually transmitted diseases (stds)-associated pathogens including neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma genitalium, mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma, herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2, and human papillomavirus (hpv) types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 54 and 58. the target genes are 16s rrna gene for n. gonorrhoeae, m. genitalium, m. hominism, and ureaplasma, the majo ... | 2015 | 26208181 |
| pathogen transcriptional profile in nasopharyngeal aspirates of children with acute respiratory tract infection. | acute respiratory tract infections (ari) present a significant morbidity and pose a global health burden. patients are frequently treated with antibiotics although ari are most commonly caused by virus, strengthening the need for improved diagnostic methods. | 2015 | 26209405 |
| a biphasic epigenetic switch controls immunoevasion, virulence and niche adaptation in non-typeable haemophilus influenzae. | non-typeable haemophilus influenzae contains an n(6)-adenine dna-methyltransferase (moda) that is subject to phase-variable expression (random on/off switching). five moda alleles, moda2, moda4, moda5, moda9 and moda10, account for over two-thirds of clinical otitis media isolates surveyed. here, we use single molecule, real-time (smrt) methylome analysis to identify the dna-recognition motifs for all five of these moda alleles. phase variation of these alleles regulates multiple proteins includ ... | 2015 | 26215614 |
| application of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay for the rapid diagnosis of pathogenic bacteria in clinical sputum specimens of acute exacerbation of copd (aecopd). | the present study explores the application of lamp for rapid diagnosis of pathogenic bacteria in clinical sputum specimens of aecopd as compared with conventional sputum culturing method. 120 sputum specimens of aecopd patients, 46 sputum specimens of healthy controls, as well as 166 serum specimens as negative controls, were evaluated by lamp assay using primers of eight typical respiratory pathogens. no cross-reactivity was observed in these negative control species using lamp assay. the lower ... | 2015 | 26221344 |
| dental caries and periodontal disease status in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: a screening study in urban and semiurban population of karnataka. | to test the validity of numerous anecdotal claims of poor oral hygiene status being a contributory or etiology for oral squamous cell carcinoma (oscc) and to isolate the microorganisms associated with oral cancer, to elucidate their role if any, in oral cancer. | 2013 | 26225008 |
| dental caries and periodontal disease status in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: a screening study in urban and semiurban population of karnataka. | to test the validity of numerous anecdotal claims of poor oral hygiene status being a contributory or etiology for oral squamous cell carcinoma (oscc) and to isolate the microorganisms associated with oral cancer, to elucidate their role if any, in oral cancer. | 2013 | 26225008 |
| the microbiome of otitis media with effusion in indigenous australian children. | indigenous australian children have a high prevalence of otitis media with effusion (ome) and associated conductive hearing loss. only three microbiological studies of middle ear fluid (mef) from indigenous australian children with ome have been reported. all of these were reliant on culture or species-specific pcr assays. the aim of this study was to characterise the middle ear fluid (mef), adenoid and nasopharyngeal (np) microbiomes of indigenous australian children, using culture-independent ... | 2015 | 26228497 |
| in vitro activity of levofloxacin against lower respiratory tract pathogens. | considerable morbidity and mortality are associated with lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) that put a considerable strain on the health budget. selection of appropriate antibiotics as empirical therapy maximizes positive patient outcomes, and that depends on regular surveillance of infective agents and their antibiograms, which vary according to the geographical areas. | 2015 | 26229345 |
| a year of infection in the intensive care unit: prospective whole genome sequencing of bacterial clinical isolates reveals cryptic transmissions and novel microbiota. | bacterial whole genome sequencing holds promise as a disruptive technology in clinical microbiology, but it has not yet been applied systematically or comprehensively within a clinical context. here, over the course of one year, we performed prospective collection and whole genome sequencing of nearly all bacterial isolates obtained from a tertiary care hospital's intensive care units (icus). this unbiased collection of 1,229 bacterial genomes from 391 patients enables detailed exploration of se ... | 2015 | 26230489 |
| the relationship between extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis and multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli. | the relationship between extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (xdr-tb) and multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli (mdr-gnb) is unclear. identification of the relationship between xdr-tb and mdr-gnb would have important implications for patient care. | 2015 | 26230499 |
| genotypic characterization of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus recovered at baseline from phase 3 pneumonia clinical trials for ceftobiprole. | baseline methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) isolates from patients with nosocomial and community-acquired pneumonia collected during phase 3 trials for ceftobiprole were characterized. eighty-four unique isolates from patients enrolled in europe (50.0%), asia-western pacific region (apac; 20.2%), north america (19.0%), latin america (8.3%), and south africa (2.4%) were included. antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by broth microdilution and isolates screened for pa ... | 2016 | 26230870 |
| long-term impact of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination on nasopharyngeal carriage in children previously vaccinated with various pneumococcal conjugate vaccine regimes. | previously, the fiji pneumococcal project (fipp) evaluated reduced dose immunization schedules that incorporated pneumococcal protein conjugate and/or polysaccharide vaccine (pcv7 and 23vppv, respectively). immune hyporesponsiveness was observed in children vaccinated with 23vppv at 12 months of age compared with children who did not receive 23vppv. here we assess the long-term impact of 23vppv vaccination on nasopharyngeal carriage rates and densities of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus in ... | 2015 | 26232540 |
| pathogens protection against the action of disinfectants in multispecies biofilms. | biofilms constitute the prevalent way of life for microorganisms in both natural and man-made environments. biofilm-dwelling cells display greater tolerance to antimicrobial agents than those that are free-living, and the mechanisms by which this occurs have been investigated extensively using single-strain axenic models. however, there is growing evidence that interspecies interactions may profoundly alter the response of the community to such toxic exposure. in this paper, we propose an overvi ... | 2015 | 26236291 |
| association of prevalence of rhinitis, atopic eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and wheezing with mortality from infectious diseases and with antibiotic susceptibility at a country level. | it was previously reported that there is a positive correlation between incidence of type 1 diabetes and prevalence of asthma and atopic eczema. a negative correlation between the prevalence of type 1 diabetes and mortality from infectious diseases as well as a positive correlation with antibiotic susceptibility at a country level have also been reported. | 2015 | 26240791 |
| whole-genome sequencing targets drug-resistant bacterial infections. | during the past two decades, the technological progress of whole-genome sequencing (wgs) had changed the fields of environmental microbiology and biotechnology, and, currently, is changing the underlying principles, approaches, and fundamentals of public health, epidemiology, health economics, and national productivity. today's wgs technologies are able to compete with conventional techniques in cost, speed, accuracy, and resolution for day-to-day control of infectious diseases and outbreaks in ... | 2015 | 26243131 |
| antibacterial activity and mode of action of selected glucosinolate hydrolysis products against bacterial pathogens. | plants contain numerous components that are important sources of new bioactive molecules with antimicrobial properties. isothiocyanates (itcs) are plant secondary metabolites found in cruciferous vegetables that are arising as promising antimicrobial agents in food industry. the aim of this study was to assess the antibacterial activity of two isothiocyanates (itcs), allylisothiocyanate (aitc) and 2-phenylethylisothiocyanate (peitc) against escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcu ... | 2014 | 26243895 |
| antibacterial activity and mode of action of selected glucosinolate hydrolysis products against bacterial pathogens. | plants contain numerous components that are important sources of new bioactive molecules with antimicrobial properties. isothiocyanates (itcs) are plant secondary metabolites found in cruciferous vegetables that are arising as promising antimicrobial agents in food industry. the aim of this study was to assess the antibacterial activity of two isothiocyanates (itcs), allylisothiocyanate (aitc) and 2-phenylethylisothiocyanate (peitc) against escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcu ... | 2014 | 26243895 |
| current concepts in the pathogenesis and treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media. | otitis media (om) is an inflammation of the middle ear associated with infection. despite appropriate therapy, acute om (aom) can progress to chronic suppurative om (csom) associated with ear drum perforation and purulent discharge. the effusion prevents the middle ear ossicles from properly relaying sound vibrations from the ear drum to the oval window of the inner ear, causing conductive hearing loss. in addition, the inflammatory mediators generated during csom can penetrate into the inner ea ... | 2015 | 26248613 |
| an unusual carbohydrate conformation is evident in moraxella catarrhalis oligosaccharides. | oligosaccharide structures derived from the lipooligosaccharide of m. catarrhalis show that the highly branched glucose-rich inner core of the oligosaccharide has an altered conformation compared to the most truncated tetra-glucose-kdo lgt1/4δ oligosaccharide structure. addition of one residue each to the (1-4) and (1-6) chains to give the lgt2δ oligosaccharide is the minimum requirement for this conformational change to occur. extensive molecular modeling and nmr investigations have shown that ... | 2015 | 26251889 |
| vesicles-mediated resistance to antibiotics in bacteria. | 2015 | 26257725 | |
| the efficacy of qingfengganke granule in treating postinfectious cough in pathogenic wind invading lungs syndrome: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | postinfectious cough (pic) significantly affects cough-related quality of life but still lacks effective treatments. this study aims to investigate the efficacy of qingfengganke granule (qfgkg) in treating pic induced by pathogenic wind invading lungs syndrome. | 2015 | 26257822 |
| aptamers against pathogenic microorganisms. | an important current issue of modern molecular medicine and biotechnology is the search for new approaches to early diagnostic assays and adequate therapy of infectious diseases. one of the promising solutions to this problem might be a development of nucleic acid aptamers capable of interacting specifically with bacteria, protozoa, and viruses. such aptamers can be used for the specific recognition of infectious agents as well as for blocking of their functions. the present review summarizes va ... | 2015 | 26258445 |
| aptamers against pathogenic microorganisms. | an important current issue of modern molecular medicine and biotechnology is the search for new approaches to early diagnostic assays and adequate therapy of infectious diseases. one of the promising solutions to this problem might be a development of nucleic acid aptamers capable of interacting specifically with bacteria, protozoa, and viruses. such aptamers can be used for the specific recognition of infectious agents as well as for blocking of their functions. the present review summarizes va ... | 2015 | 26258445 |
| increased peripheral blood pro-inflammatory/cytotoxic lymphocytes in children with bronchiectasis. | bronchiectasis (be) in children is common in some communities including indigenous children in australia. relatively little is known about the nature of systemic inflammation in these children, especially the contribution of specific pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic lymphocyte subsets: t-cells, natural killer (nk) cells and nkt-like cells. we have shown that these cells produce increased cytotoxic (granzyme b and perforin) and inflammatory (ifnγ and tnfα) mediators in several adult chronic lung di ... | 2015 | 26258716 |
| dentures are a reservoir for respiratory pathogens. | recent studies have established a relationship between dental plaque and pulmonary infection, particularly in elderly individuals. given that approximately one in five adults in the uk currently wears a denture, there remains a gap in our understanding of the direct implications of denture plaque on systemic health. the aim of this study was to undertake a comprehensive evaluation of putative respiratory pathogens residing upon dentures using a targeted quantitative molecular approach. | 2016 | 26260391 |
| prevalence and resistance pattern of moraxella catarrhalis in community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections. | moraxella catarrhalis previously considered as commensal of upper respiratory tract has gained importance as a pathogen responsible for respiratory tract infections. its beta-lactamase-producing ability draws even more attention toward its varying patterns of resistance. | 2015 | 26261422 |
| associations between viral and bacterial potential pathogens in the nasopharynx of children with and without respiratory symptoms. | nasopharyngeal (np) bacterial colonization is necessary for subsequent respiratory and/or invasive infection. our study aimed at comparing np bacterial colonization rates between children with and without symptoms of an acute viral respiratory tract infection and examining associations between identified microorganisms. | 2015 | 26262821 |
| 16s rrna gene sequence-based identification of bacteria in automatically incubated blood culture materials from tropical sub-saharan africa. | the quality of microbiological diagnostic procedures depends on pre-analytic conditions. we compared the results of 16s rrna gene pcr and sequencing from automatically incubated blood culture materials from tropical ghana with the results of cultural growth after automated incubation. | 2015 | 26270631 |
| integrating microbial and host transcriptomics to characterize asthma-associated microbial communities. | the relationships between infections in early life and asthma are not completely understood. likewise, the clinical relevance of microbial communities present in the respiratory tract is only partially known. a number of microbiome studies analyzing respiratory tract samples have found increased proportions of gamma-proteobacteria including haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, and firmicutes such as streptococcus pneumoniae. the aim of this study was to present a new approach that comb ... | 2015 | 26277095 |
| quantitative analysis of pathogens in the lower respiratory tract of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | bacterial infection of the lower respiratory tract is believed to play a major role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) and acute exacerbations of copd (aecopd). this study investigates the potential relationship between aecopd and the load of six common bacterial pathogens in the lower respiratory tract using real-time quantitative pcr (rt-qpcr) in copd patients. | 2015 | 26286268 |
| comparative evaluation of 2 g single dose versus conventional dose azithromycin in uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections. | uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections (usssis) are a common clinical problem. majority are caused by staphylococci and streptococci. different oral antibiotics are used for usssi, with comparable efficacy but varying treatment duration, cost, and adverse event profile. azithromycin is used in usssi in adults conventionally in a dose of 500 mg once for 5 days. the extensive tissue distribution of the drug and its long elimination half-life prompted us to explore whether a single 2 g do ... | 2015 | 26288467 |
| rapid assay of a2058t-mutated 23s rrna allelic profiles associated with high-level macrolide resistance in moraxella catarrhalis. | we report on a restriction fragment-length polymorphism (hpych4iii) assay for profile analysis of 23s rrna gene a2058t-mutated alleles associated with high-level macrolide resistance in moraxella catarrhalis. our assay results were supported by dna sequencing analysis, allowed for simultaneous testing of many strains, and produced results from pure-cultured colonies within 4 h. | 2015 | 26296581 |
| randomized clinical trial of a sustained-exposure ciprofloxacin for intratympanic injection during tympanostomy tube surgery. | this exploratory clinical trial evaluated the safety and clinical activity of a novel, sustained-exposure formulation of ciprofloxacin microparticulates in poloxamer (oto-201) administered during tympanostomy tube placement in children. | 2016 | 26296929 |
| high prevalence of antibiotic resistance in nasopharyngeal bacterial isolates from healthy children in rural uganda: a cross-sectional study. | in uganda, the main causes of death in children under 5 years of age are malaria and pneumonia--often due to delayed diagnosis and treatment. in preparation for a community case management intervention for pneumonia and malaria, the bacterial composition of the nasopharyngeal flora and its in vitro resistance were determined in children aged five or under to establish baseline resistance to commonly used antibiotics. | 2015 | 26305429 |
| an unusual case of breathlessness in a patient with chronic myeloid leukaemia: case report. | a 67-year-old caucasian male presented in january, 2013, with difficulty in breathing and pyrexia. this was following a course of antibiotics for a previous chest infection that had begun at the beginning of january and had not responded to therapy. his past medical history included chronic myeloid leukaemia, basal cell carcinoma of the throat treated in 2011, glaucoma and bilateral inguinal hernia repair (performed in 1989 and 2008). he was an ex-smoker of 21 years. his current medication was d ... | 2015 | 26306114 |
| haemophilus influenzae: using comparative genomics to accurately identify a highly recombinogenic human pathogen. | haemophilus influenzae is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen that exclusively colonises humans and is associated with both acute and chronic disease. despite its clinical significance, accurate identification of h. influenzae is a non-trivial endeavour. h. haemolyticus can be misidentified as h. influenzae from clinical specimens using selective culturing methods, reflecting both the shared environmental niche and phenotypic similarities of these species. on the molecular level, frequent geneti ... | 2015 | 26311542 |
| ceftobiprole for the treatment of pneumonia: a european perspective. | ceftobiprole, a new broad spectrum, parenteral cephalosporin, exhibits potent in vitro activity against a number of gram-positive pathogens, including methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and penicillin-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae, and gram-negative pathogens associated with hospital-acquired pneumonia (hap) and community-acquired pneumonia (cap). ceftobiprole has demonstrated noninferiority in two large-scale pivotal studies comparing it to ceftriaxone with or without linezolid in ... | 2015 | 26316697 |
| the potential impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in africa: considerations and early lessons learned from the south african experience. | the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (pcv) into the south african public immunization program since 2009 adopted a novel vaccination schedule of 3 doses at 6, 14 and 40 weeks of age. over the past 5 y it has been shown that infant pcv immunization in south africa is effective in reducing the burden of invasive pneumococcal disease (ipd) among hiv-infected and hiv-uninfected children. furthermore, indirect protection of unvaccinated age-groups (including high risk groups such as hiv ... | 2015 | 26317537 |
| the potential impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in africa: considerations and early lessons learned from the south african experience. | the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (pcv) into the south african public immunization program since 2009 adopted a novel vaccination schedule of 3 doses at 6, 14 and 40 weeks of age. over the past 5 y it has been shown that infant pcv immunization in south africa is effective in reducing the burden of invasive pneumococcal disease (ipd) among hiv-infected and hiv-uninfected children. furthermore, indirect protection of unvaccinated age-groups (including high risk groups such as hiv ... | 2015 | 26317537 |
| clinical characteristics of protracted bacterial bronchitis in chinese infants. | protracted bacterial bronchitis (pbb) is the common cause of chronic cough in children worldwide, but its etiology has not been fully recognized in china. we retrospectively investigated a total of 66 hospitalized infants under the age of three years with chronic wet cough enrolled in the affiliated children's hospital of soochow university from october 2010 to march 2014. all patients underwent bronchoscopy and broncho-alveolar lavage (bal) samples were processed for microbiological and cytolog ... | 2015 | 26338462 |
| a longitudinal study of lung bacterial pathogens in patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia. | in patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia (pcd), impaired mucociliary clearance leads to an accumulation of secretions in the airways and susceptibility to repeated bacterial infections. the primary aim of this study was to investigate the bacterial flora in non-chronic and chronic infections in the lower airways of patients with pcd. we retrospectively reviewed the presence of bacteria from patients with pcd during an 11-year period and genotyped 35 pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from 12 pat ... | 2015 | 26341913 |
| virus-induced secondary bacterial infection: a concise review. | respiratory diseases are a very common source of morbidity and mortality among children. health care providers often face a dilemma when encountering a febrile infant or child with respiratory tract infection. the reason expressed by many clinicians is the trouble to confirm whether the fever is caused by a virus or a bacterium. the aim of this review is to update the current evidence on the virus-induced bacterial infection. we present several clinical as well in vitro studies that support the ... | 2015 | 26345407 |
| [efficacy and safety of clavulanic acid/amoxicillin (1: 14) dry syrup in the treatment of children with acute bacterial rhinosinusitis]. | to demonstrate clinical value of clavulanic acid/amoxicillin (cva/ampc) 1:14 combination dry syrup for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (abrs), the efficacy and safety were evaluated in a multicenter, open-label, uncontrolled study in 27 children with abrs. the proportion of subjects who were 'cured' at the test of cure as the primary endpoint was 88.5%. in subjects with a major pathogenic bacteria at baseline (i.e., streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis) bacte ... | 2015 | 26349117 |
| synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel 9-oxime acylides with improved bactericidal activity. | 9-oxime acylides have different sar and binding modes from 9-oxime ketolides. an aminopyridyl or carbamoylpyridyl group anchored at the end of the 9-oxime 2-propargyl group is beneficial for antimicrobial activity. both the 2-pyridyl and 3-pyridyl groups derived from 3-oh have stacking interactions with the base pair g2505/c2610 (escherichia coli numbering) of the bacterial rrna. compounds 3 presented characteristic features that belong to bactericidal agents when used against constitutive-erm r ... | 2015 | 26349628 |
| adhesins involved in attachment to abiotic surfaces by gram-negative bacteria. | during the first step of biofilm formation, initial attachment is dictated by physicochemical and electrostatic interactions between the surface and the bacterial envelope. depending on the nature of these interactions, attachment can be transient or permanent. to achieve irreversible attachment, bacterial cells have developed a series of surface adhesins promoting specific or nonspecific adhesion under various environmental conditions. this article reviews the recent advances in our understandi ... | 2015 | 26350310 |
| nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage in the conjugate vaccine era with a focus on pneumococci. | seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (pcv7) was included in the uk national immunisation program in 2006, and this was replaced by thirteen-valent pcv in 2010. during this time, the carriage of vaccine-type streptococcus pneumoniae decreased but pneumococcal carriage remained stable due to increases in non-vaccine-type s. pneumoniae. carriage studies have been undertaken in various countries to monitor vaccine-type replacement and to help predict the serotypes, which may cause invasive di ... | 2015 | 26351646 |
| impacts of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in children. | applications of the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (pcv7) in the pediatric immunization schedule have dramatically reduced the incidence of pneumococcal diseases in both vaccinated children and unvaccinated individuals of all ages. however, increased infections caused by non-pcv7 serotypes have been reported by several groups. to overcome this problem, new vaccines covering more serotypes including the emerging serotypes have been developed. the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vacci ... | 2015 | 26351648 |
| using the electronic nose to identify airway infection during copd exacerbations. | the electronic nose (e-nose) detects volatile organic compounds (vocs) in exhaled air. we hypothesized that the exhaled vocs print is different in stable vs. exacerbated patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), particularly if the latter is associated with airway bacterial infection, and that the e-nose can distinguish them. | 2015 | 26353114 |
| clinical characteristics of nursing home-acquired pneumonia in elderly patients admitted to a korean teaching hospital. | nursing home-acquired pneumonia (nhap) is included under healthcare-associated pneumonia. however, the optimal treatment strategy for nhap has been controversial in several studies. we evaluated the clinical features of nhap compared to community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in elderly patients admitted with pneumonia. | 2015 | 26354058 |
| impaired innate copd alveolar macrophage responses and toll-like receptor-9 polymorphisms. | dysfunctional innate responses of alveolar macrophages to nontypeable haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis and streptococcus pneumoniae contribute to morbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). our earlier studies discovered impaired copd alveolar macrophage responses to toll-like receptor (tlr) ligands of nontypeable h. influenzae and provide rationale for further evaluation of tlr signaling. while the role of tlr single nucleotide polymorphisms is increasingly recognize ... | 2015 | 26361369 |
| nasopharyngeal carriage and macrolide resistance in indigenous children with bronchiectasis randomized to long-term azithromycin or placebo. | although long-term azithromycin decreases exacerbation frequency in bronchiectasis, increased macrolide resistance is concerning. we investigated macrolide resistance determinants in a secondary analysis of a multicenter randomized controlled trial. indigenous australian children living in remote regions and urban new zealand māori and pacific islander children with bronchiectasis were randomized to weekly azithromycin (30 mg/kg) or placebo for up to 24 months and followed post-intervention for ... | 2015 | 26363637 |
| impact of bacteria in nasal aspirates on disease severity of bronchiolitis. | the effect of potentially pathogenic bacteria (ppb) on disease severity in patients with bronchiolitis is understudied. | 2016 | 26365560 |
| development of real-time pcr assays for the detection of moraxella macacae associated with bloody nose syndrome in rhesus (macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus (macaca fascicularis) macaques. | moraxella macacae is a recently described bacterial pathogen that causes epistaxis or so-called bloody nose syndrome in captive macaques. the aim of this study was to develop specific molecular diagnostic assays for m. macacae and to determine their performance characteristics. | 2015 | 26365904 |
| population density profiles of nasopharyngeal carriage of 5 bacterial species in pre-school children measured using quantitative pcr offer potential insights into the dynamics of transmission. | bacterial vaccines can reduce carriage rates. colonization is usually a binary endpoint. real time quantitative pcr (qpcr) can quantify bacterial dna in mucosal samples over a wide range. using culture and single-gene species-specific qpcrs for streptococcus pneumoniae (lyta), streptococcus pyogenes (ntpc), moraxella catarrhalis (ompj), haemophilus influenzae (hdp) and staphylococcus aureus (nuc) and standard curves against log-phase reference strain broth cultures we described frequency and pea ... | 2015 | 26367344 |
| population density profiles of nasopharyngeal carriage of 5 bacterial species in pre-school children measured using quantitative pcr offer potential insights into the dynamics of transmission. | bacterial vaccines can reduce carriage rates. colonization is usually a binary endpoint. real time quantitative pcr (qpcr) can quantify bacterial dna in mucosal samples over a wide range. using culture and single-gene species-specific qpcrs for streptococcus pneumoniae (lyta), streptococcus pyogenes (ntpc), moraxella catarrhalis (ompj), haemophilus influenzae (hdp) and staphylococcus aureus (nuc) and standard curves against log-phase reference strain broth cultures we described frequency and pea ... | 2015 | 26367344 |