Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| analysis of differentially expressed proteins in mycobacterium avium-infected macrophages comparing with mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected macrophages. | mycobacterium avium (ma) belongs to the intracellular parasitic bacteria. to better understand how ma survives within macrophages and the different pathogenic mechanisms of ma and mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), tandem mass tag (tmt) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) analysis have been used to determine the proteins which are differentially expressed in ma-infected and mtb-infected macrophages. 369 proteins were found to be differentially expressed in ma-infected ce ... | 2017 | 28573139 |
| line probe assay for detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex: an experience from central india. | mycobacterium tuberculosis complex may sometimes not be detected in sputum samples of suspected multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (mdr-tb) patients by line probe assay (lpa) even though they are smear positive for acid-fast bacilli (afb). this retrospective analysis was attempted to understand and document our experience with lpa for detection of m. tuberculosis complex and diagnosis of mdr-tb under programmatic conditions. | 2017 | 28574017 |
| genetic diversity & drug sensitivity profiles of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from two slums of jaipur city, rajasthan, india. | slums are considered as hotspots of tuberculosis (tb). the study of genetic diversity and drug susceptibility profile of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) will help understand the transmission dynamics and can be used for better prevention and control of the disease. the aim of this study was to determine the drug susceptibility profiles and genetic diversity using the random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number of tandem repeats (miru v ... | 2017 | 28574018 |
| high rate of treatment completion in program settings with 12-dose weekly isoniazid and rifapentine (3hp) for latent mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. | rcts demonstrated the newest ltbi regimen, 12 weekly doses of directly observed isoniazid and rifapentine (3hp), as efficacious as 9 months of isoniazid (9h) with a greater completion rate (82% versus 69%); however, 3hp has not been assessed in routine health care settings. | 2017 | 28575208 |
| translational research in the nonhuman primate model of tuberculosis. | infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis predominantly establishes subclinical latent infection over the lifetime of an individual, with a fraction of infected individuals rapidly progressing to active disease. the immune control in latent infection can be perturbed by comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, and coinfection with helminthes or hiv. modeling the varying aspects of natural infection remains incomplete when using zebrafish and mice. however, the nonhuman primate ... | 2017 | 28575319 |
| the incremental value of repeated induced sputum and gastric aspirate samples for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in young children with acute community-acquired pneumonia. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) contributes to the pathogenesis of childhood acute community-acquired pneumonia in settings with a high tuberculosis burden. the incremental value of a repeated induced sputum (is) sample, compared with a single is or gastric aspirate (ga) sample, is not well known. | 2017 | 28575364 |
| in vitro and in vivo activity of biapenem against drug-susceptible and rifampicin-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis. | biapenem, a carbapenem antibiotic, has been shown to have synergistic bactericidal anti-tb activity when combined with rifampicin both in vitro and in the mouse model of tb chemotherapy. we hypothesized that this synergy would result in biapenem/rifampicin activity against rifampicin-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis . | 2017 | 28575382 |
| functional details of the mycobacterium tuberculosis vapbc26 toxin-antitoxin system based on a structural study: insights into unique binding and antibiotic peptides. | toxin-antitoxin (ta) systems are essential for bacterial persistence under stressful conditions. in particular, mycobacterium tuberculosis express vapbc ta genes that encode the stable vapc toxin and the labile vapb antitoxin. under normal conditions, these proteins interact to form a non-toxic ta complex, but the toxin is activated by release from the antitoxin in response to unfavorable conditions. here, we present the crystal structure of the m. tuberculosis vapbc26 complex and show that the ... | 2017 | 28575388 |
| the synthesis and evaluation of triazolopyrimidines as anti-tubercular agents. | we identified a di-substituted triazolopyrimidine with anti-tubercular activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis. three segments of the scaffold were examined rationally to establish a structure-activity relationship with the goal of improving potency and maintaining good physicochemical properties. a number of compounds displayed sub-micromolar activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis with no cytotoxicity against eukaryotic cells. non-substituted aromatic rings at c5 and a two-carbon chain ... | 2017 | 28576632 |
| construction of human masp-2-ccp1/2sp, ccp2sp, sp plasmid dna nanolipoplexes and the effects on tuberculosis in bcg-infected mice. | the lectin pathway, one of the complement cascade systems, provides the primary line of defense against invading pathogens. the serine protease of masp-2 plays an essential role in complement activation of the lectin pathway. the c-terminal segment of masp-2 is comprised of the ccp1-ccp2-sp domains, and is the crucial catalytic segment. however, what is the effect of ccp1-ccp2-sp domains in controlling chronic infection is unknown. in order to evaluate the potential impact of ccp1-ccp2-sp domain ... | 2017 | 28578092 |
| a single tube system for the detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis dna using gold nanoparticles based fret assay. | the global combat against mtb is limited by challenges in accurate affordable detection. in this study, a rapid, affordable, single tube system for detection of unamplified mtb16s rdna was developed. utilizing a aunp based fret system, this assay achieved a sensitivity and specificity of 98.6% and 90% respectively. | 2017 | 28579440 |
| conflicting role of mycobacterium species in multiple sclerosis. | mycobacterium is a genus of aerobic and acid-fast bacteria, which include several pathogenic organisms that cause serious diseases in mammals. previous studies have associated the immune response against mycobacteria with multiple sclerosis (ms), a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with unknown etiology. the role of mycobacteria in the pathological process has been controversial and often conflicting. we provide a detailed review of the mycobacteria that have been linke ... | 2017 | 28579973 |
| post-tuberculosis mycetoma: bronchoscopic removal. | a 76-year-old male non-smoker presented to our institution with cough and haemoptysis. he had been treated for cavitatory pulmonary mycobacterium tuberculosis of the right upper lobe 10 years previously. chest radiograph and subsequent computed tomography (ct) of the chest demonstrated a right upper cavity containing a mass suspicious for mycetoma. flexible bronchoscopy under conscious sedation demonstrated a mass obstructing the anterior segment of the right upper lobe. the abnormality was subs ... | 2017 | 28580148 |
| crystal structure of rv1220c, a sam-dependent o-methyltransferase from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | rv1220c from mycobacterium tuberculosis is annotated as an o-methyltransferase (mtbomt). currently, no structural information is available for this protein. here, the crystal structure of mtbomt refined to 2.0 å resolution is described. the structure reveals the presence of a methyltransferase fold and shows clear electron density for one molecule of s-adenosylmethionine (sam), which was apparently bound by the protein during its production in escherichia coli. although the overall structure of ... | 2017 | 28580918 |
| characteristics of drug resistant tuberculosis in sanatoria of north korea. | although several reports about drug-resistant tuberculosis (tb) in north korea have been published, a nationwide surveillance on this disease remains to be performed. this study aims to analyze the drug resistance patterns of mycobacterium tuberculosis among the patients in the sanatoria of north korea, especially during the period when second-line drugs (slds) had not yet been officially supplied to this country. the eugene bell foundation (ebf) transferred 947 sputum specimens obtained from 66 ... | 2017 | 28581266 |
| il17a augments autophagy in mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected monocytes from patients with active tuberculosis in association with the severity of the disease. | during mycobacterial infection, macroautophagy/autophagy, a process modulated by cytokines, is essential for mounting successful host responses. autophagy collaborates with human immune responses against mycobacterium tuberculosis (mt) in association with specific ifng secreted against the pathogen. however, ifng alone is not sufficient to the complete bacterial eradication, and other cytokines might be required. actually, induction of th1 and th17 immune responses are required for protection ag ... | 2017 | 28581888 |
| aberrant plasma il-7 and soluble il-7 receptor levels indicate impaired t-cell response to il-7 in human tuberculosis. | t-cell proliferation and generation of protective memory during chronic infections depend on interleukin-7 (il-7) availability and receptivity. regulation of il-7 receptor (il-7r) expression and signalling are key for il-7-modulated t-cell functions. aberrant expression of soluble (s) and membrane-associated (m) il-7r molecules is associated with development of autoimmunity and immune failure in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) patients. here we investigated the role of il-7/il-7r on t ... | 2017 | 28582466 |
| qsar-driven design, synthesis and discovery of potent chalcone derivatives with antitubercular activity. | new anti-tuberculosis (anti-tb) drugs are urgently needed to battle drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis strains and to shorten the current 6-12-month treatment regimen. in this work, we have continued the efforts to develop chalcone-based anti-tb compounds by using an in silico design and qsar-driven approach. initially, we developed sar rules and binary qsar models using literature data for targeted design of new heteroaryl chalcone compounds with anti-tb activity. using these models, we ... | 2017 | 28582669 |
| tuberculosis arthritis of the sternoclavicular joint after uncomplicated falciparum malaria: a case report. | malaria and tuberculosis are co-endemic in many developing countries. however their associations are rarely reported. yet, it has been suggested that a pathological process may link the two diseases. | 2017 | 28583115 |
| t cell-derived il-10 impairs host resistance to mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. | tuberculosis (tb), caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, causing ∼1.5 million deaths annually. cd4(+) t cells and several cytokines, such as the th1 cytokine ifn-γ, are critical in the control of this infection. conversely, the immunosuppressive cytokine il-10 has been shown to dampen th1 cell responses to m. tuberculosis infection impairing bacterial clearance. however, the critical cellular source of il-10 during m. tuberculosis infectio ... | 2017 | 28584007 |
| identification of novel efflux proteins rv0191, rv3756c, rv3008, and rv1667c involved in pyrazinamide resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis. | pyrazinamide (pza) is a critical drug used for the treatment of tuberculosis (tb). pza is a prodrug that requires conversion to the active component pyrazinoic acid (poa) by pyrazinamidase (pzase) encoded by the pnca gene. although resistance to pza is mostly caused by pnca mutations and less commonly by rpsa, pand, and clpc1 mutations, clinical strains without these mutations are known to exist. while efflux of poa was demonstrated in mycobacterium tuberculosis previously, the efflux proteins i ... | 2017 | 28584158 |
| clinical implications of new drugs and regimens for the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis. | the emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (tb) is a growing problem worldwide. the lack of safe and effective drugs, together with the frequent development of adverse drug reactions can result in worse outcomes. therefore, new tb drugs able to bolster the current tb treatment regimen are urgently required. novel drugs that are effective and safe against mycobacterium tuberculosis are required to reduce the number of drugs and the duration of treatment in both drug-susceptible tb and multi-dru ... | 2017 | 28584788 |
| 2,6-difluorobenzamide inhibitors of bacterial cell division protein ftsz: design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships. | a wide variety of drug-resistant microorganisms are continuously emerging, restricting the therapeutic options for common bacterial infections. antimicrobial agents that were originally potent are now no longer helpful, due to their weak or null activity toward these antibiotic-resistant bacteria. in addition, none of the recently approved antibiotics affect innovative targets, resulting in a need for novel drugs with innovative antibacterial mechanisms of action. the essential cell division pro ... | 2017 | 28586174 |
| delayed and unreported drug-susceptibility testing results in the us national tuberculosis surveillance system, 1993-2014. | drug-susceptibility testing (dst) of mycobacterium tuberculosis is necessary for identifying drug-resistant tuberculosis, administering effective treatment regimens, and preventing the spread of drug-resistant tuberculosis. dst is recommended for all culture-confirmed cases of tuberculosis. we examined trends in delayed and unreported dst results in the centers for disease control and prevention's national tuberculosis surveillance system. | 2017 | 28586626 |
| tea drinking and its association with active tuberculosis incidence among middle-aged and elderly adults: the singapore chinese health study. | experimental studies showed that tea polyphenols may inhibit growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis. however, no prospective epidemiologic study has investigated tea drinking and the risk of active tuberculosis. we investigated this association in the singapore chinese health study, a prospective population-based cohort of 63,257 chinese aged 45-74 years recruited between 1993 and 1998 in singapore. information on habitual drinking of tea (including black and green tea) and coffee was collected vi ... | 2017 | 28587081 |
| advances in drug discovery of new antitubercular multidrug-resistant compounds. | tuberculosis (tb), a disease caused mainly by the mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), is according to the world health organization (who) the infectious disease responsible for the highest number of deaths worldwide. the increased number of multidrug-resistant (mdr-tb) and extensively drug-resistant (xdr-tb) strains, and the ineffectiveness of the current treatment against latent tuberculosis are challenges to be overcome in the coming years. the scenario of drug discovery becomes alarming when it ... | 2017 | 28587160 |
| breaking fat! how mycobacteria and other intracellular pathogens manipulate host lipid droplets. | tuberculosis (tb) is a lung infection caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). with one third of the world population latently infected, it represents the most prevalent bacterial infectious diseases worldwide. typically, persistence is linked to so-called "dormant" slow-growing bacteria, which have a low metabolic rate and a reduced response to antibiotic treatments. however, dormant bacteria regain growth and virulence when the immune system is weakened, leading again to the active form of ... | 2017 | 28587792 |
| identification and synthesis of novel inhibitors of mycobacterium atp synthase. | a non-diaryl quinoline scaffold 6,7-dihydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-4-one was identified by screening of diverse set of compounds against m. smegmatis atp synthase. herein, we disclose our efforts to develop the structure activity relationship against mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb.h37rv strain) around the identified hit 1. a scaffold hopping approach was used to identify compounds 14a, 14b and 24a with improved activity against mtb.h37rv. | 2017 | 28587823 |
| evaluation of a novel line probe assay to detect resistance to pyrazinamide, a key drug used for tuberculosis treatment. | the development of rapid molecular diagnostic assays for pyrazinamide (pza) resistance is considered technically challenging as mutations are highly diverse, scattered along the full length of the pnca gene and not all are associated with pza resistance. we evaluated the performance of the novel genoscholar pza-tb ii line probe assay (pza-lpa2; nipro corporation, japan). | 2017 | 28587904 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis rv3615c is a highly immunodominant antigen and specifically induces potent th1-type immune responses in tuberculosis pleurisy. | t-cell responses have been demonstrated to be essential for preventing mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. the th1-cytokines produced by t cells, such as inf-γ, il-2, and tnf-α, not only limit the invasion of m. tuberculosis but also eliminate the pathogen at the site of infection. bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) is known to induce th1-type responses but the protection is inadequate. identification of immunogenic components, in addition to those expressed in bcg, and induction of a broad spectr ... | 2017 | 28588103 |
| clinical presentation of adult pulmonary tuberculosis (ptb): a study of 103 cases from a tertiary care hospital. | tuberculosis, one of the oldest diseases known to affect humans, is a major cause of death worldwide. the disease, which is caused by the bacteria mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, usually affects the lungs, although other organs are involved in up to one-third of causes. if properly treated, tuberculosis caused by drug-susceptible strains is curable in virtually all cases. if untreated, the disease may be fatal within five years in 50-65% of cases. transmission usually takes place through the ... | 2017 | 28588156 |
| optimisation of a murine splenocyte mycobacterial growth inhibition assay using virulent mycobacterium tuberculosis. | in the absence of a validated correlate of protection or robust animal models for human tuberculosis, mycobacterial growth inhibition assays (mgias) aim to assess vaccines ability to inhibit mycobacterial growth in-vitro. we optimised a reproducible murine splenocyte mgia based on in-vitro infection with virulent mycobacterium tuberculosis (m.tb) erdman. we identified splenocyte viability as a problem in state-of-art mgia protocols, which can be improved by simple changes in culture conditions ... | 2017 | 28588268 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis beijing genotype family strain isolated from naturally infected plateau zokor (myospalax baileyi) in china. | 2017 | 28588286 | |
| identification and evaluation of the novel immunodominant antigen rv2351c from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | there is an urgent need for new immunodominant antigens to improve the diagnosis of tuberculosis (tb) and the efficacy of the tb vaccine to control the disease worldwide. in this study, we evaluated the diagnostic potential of a novel mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb)-specific antigen, rv2351c, from region of difference (rd) 7 of the mtb genome, and investigated the potency of the vaccine by identifying its immunological function in human and animal immunological experiments. twenty t-cell epitop ... | 2017 | 28588287 |
| solitary pulmonary caseating granulomas: a 5-year retrospective single-center analysis. | solitary pulmonary caseating granulomas (spcgs) are a characteristic type of tuberculomas associated with infection with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) and other microbes; however, their significance remains unclear. the aim of the present study was to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with spcgs in terms of diagnosis, presence of lung cancer and treatment status. a retrospective analysis of 17 immunocompetent patients with histopathologically confirmed caseating granulomas a ... | 2017 | 28588774 |
| a case report on complicated tuberculous meningitis. | tuberculous meningitis (tbm) is associated with significant complications of central nervous system. it is accompanied by nonspecific and heterogeneous clinical symptoms. we focused on the significance of early diagnosis and prompt treatment. we describe a case of tbm in a 19-year-old asian female. she had a progressive motor weakness with no sensory findings. she was started on antituberculous therapy. her magnetic resonance imaging (mri) contrast of dorsolumbar spine showed syringomyelia. her ... | 2017 | 28589071 |
| latent tuberculosis infection and tuberculosis in patients with rheumatic diseases treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor agents. | the introduction of biological agents, especially the tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (anti-tnf), for the treatment of rheumatic diseases increased the risk of developing tuberculosis (tb). screening for latent tb infection (ltbi) is strongly recommended before starting therapy with anti-tnf agents. the objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of ltbi and tb among patients with rheumatic diseases on anti-tnf agents. this is a cross-sectional study. the electronic medical records o ... | 2017 | 28589321 |
| epsp synthase flexibility is determinant to its function: computational molecular dynamics and metadynamics studies. | flexibility is involved in a wide range of biological processes, such as protein assembly and binding recognition. epsp synthase is an enzyme that must undergo a large conformational change to accommodate its ligands into its binding cavity. however, although the structure of epsp synthase has been determined, its plasticity has not been explored in depth. therefore, in this work, we extensively examined the influence of the flexibility of mycobacterium tuberculosis epsp (mtepsp) synthase on the ... | 2017 | 28589464 |
| diagnosis of mycobacteria in bovine milk: an overview. | tuberculosis remains as the world's biggest threat. in 2014, human tuberculosis ranked as a major infectious disease by the first time, overcoming hiv death rates. bovine tuberculosis is a chronic disease of global distribution that affects animals and can be transmitted to humans by the consumption of raw milk, representing a serious public health concern. despite the efforts of different countries to control and eradicate bovine tuberculosis, the high negative economic impact on meat and milk ... | 2017 | 28591268 |
| detection of tuberculosis drug resistance: a comparison by mycobacterium tuberculosis mlpa assay versus genotype®mtbdrplus. | to cope with the emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (mdr-tb), new molecular methods that can routinely be used to screen for a wide range of drug resistance related genetic markers in the mycobacterium tuberculosis genome are urgently needed. | 2017 | 28591399 |
| salt-regulated reversible fibrillation of mycobacterium tuberculosis isocitrate lyase: concurrent restoration of structure and activity. | protein fibrillation is associated with a number of neurodegenerative diseases. nevertheless, several proteins not related to disease can also form fibrils in vitro under specific conditions. in the present study, we demonstrate the reversible fibrillation of a globular protein that is modulated by salt under physiological ph. mycobacterium tuberculosis isocitrate lyase (mtbicl) is a crucial enzyme involved in the glyoxylate shunt and a potential drug target against m. tuberculosis infection. un ... | 2017 | 28591590 |
| validation and implementation of clinical laboratory improvements act-compliant whole-genome sequencing in the public health microbiology laboratory. | public health microbiology laboratories (phls) are on the cusp of unprecedented improvements in pathogen identification, antibiotic resistance detection, and outbreak investigation by using whole-genome sequencing (wgs). however, considerable challenges remain due to the lack of common standards. here, we describe the validation of wgs on the illumina platform for routine use in phls according to clinical laboratory improvements act (clia) guidelines for laboratory-developed tests (ldts). we dev ... | 2017 | 28592550 |
| whib4 regulates the pe/ppe gene family and is essential for virulence of mycobacterium marinum. | during the course of infection, pathogenic mycobacteria including mycobacterium tuberculosis (m. tb) encounter host environments of variable oxygen tension, ranging from the hypoxic center of granulomas to the most oxygenated region in the lung cavities. mycobacterial responses to changes of oxygen tension are critically related to infection outcomes, such as latency and reactivation. whib4 is an iron-sulfur containing transcription factor that is highly sensitive to oxygen exposure. in this stu ... | 2017 | 28592799 |
| second generation multiple reaction monitoring assays for enhanced detection of ultra-low abundance mycobacterium tuberculosis peptides in human serum. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is the causative agent of tuberculosis (tb), the number one cause of death due to an infectious disease. tb diagnosis is performed by microscopy, culture or pcr amplification of bacterial dna, all of which require patient sputum or the biopsy of infected tissue. detection of mycobacterial products in serum, as biomarkers of diagnosis or disease status would provide an improvement over current methods. due to the low-abundance of mycobacterial products in serum, w ... | 2017 | 28592925 |
| structure-based optimization of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent transaminase enzyme (bioa) inhibitors that target biotin biosynthesis in mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (plp)-dependent transaminase bioa catalyzes the second step in the biosynthesis of biotin in mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) and is an essential enzyme for bacterial survival and persistence in vivo. a promising bioa inhibitor 6 containing an n-aryl, n'-benzoylpiperazine scaffold was previously identified by target-based whole-cell screening. here, we explore the structure-activity relationships (sar) through the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a syste ... | 2017 | 28594172 |
| the introduction of mesenchymal stromal cells induces different immunological responses in the lungs of healthy and m. tuberculosis infected mice. | mesenchymal stromal cells (msc) have strong immunomodulatory properties and therefore can be used to control inflammation and tissue damage. it was suggested recently that msc injections can be used to treat multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (tb). however, msc trafficking and immunomodulatory effects of msc injections during mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) infection have not been studied. to address this issue we have analyzed msc distribution in tissues and local immunological effects of msc i ... | 2017 | 28594940 |
| [resection of a tuberculous abscess of the thoracic wall]. | the patient was a 76-year-old man. chest computed tomography revealed an abscess of the chest wall incidentally. mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected by the aspiration of the abscess. since the abscess cavity exhibited a larger trend in spite of 3 months of antituberculosis chemotherapy, surgical resection was performed. during the operation, indigo stain was injected thorough an aspiration tube to visualize the spread of the abscess. the abscess was completely resected with combined partial ... | 2017 | 28595221 |
| synthesis of 99mtc-rifabutin: a potential tuberculosis radiodiagnostic agent. | rifabutin (rfn) is bactericidal antibiotic with a very broad spectrum of activity against gram positive & gram negative organisms including pseudomonas aeruginosa and specifically mycobacterium tuberculosis. | 2017 | 28595542 |
| prevalence and risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection among healthcare workers in nampula central hospital, mozambique. | healthcare workers in high tuberculosis burdened countries are occupationally exposed to the tuberculosis disease with uncomplicated and complicated tuberculosis on the increase among them. most of them acquire mycobacterium tuberculosis but do not progress to the active disease - latent tuberculosis infection. the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with latent tuberculosis infection among healthcare workers in nampula central hospital, mozambique. | 2017 | 28595594 |
| role of second-line injectable antituberculosis drugs in the treatment of mdr/xdr tuberculosis. | second-line injectable antituberculosis drugs (aminoglycosides and capreomycin) are the main drugs used in the management of resistant tuberculosis. their preserved efficacy in the case of multi-drug-resistant bacillus is counterbalanced by frequent adverse events. adverse events are linked to the drugs themselves and to the recommended 8-month period of parenteral administration. in numerous countries facing a high incidence of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis, treatment is administered by int ... | 2017 | 28595939 |
| epigenetic regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -3 expression in mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. | in pulmonary tuberculosis (tb), the inflammatory immune response against mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is associated with tissue destruction and cavitation, which drives disease transmission, chronic lung disease, and mortality. matrix metalloproteinase (mmp)-1 is a host enzyme critical for the development of cavitation. mmp expression has been shown to be epigenetically regulated in other inflammatory diseases, but the importance of such mechanisms in mtb-associated induction of mmp-1 is unk ... | 2017 | 28596772 |
| first insight into the molecular epidemiology of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from the minority enclaves of southwestern china. | yunnan is a province located in southwestern china. the aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) strains circulating in yunnan province. we used spoligotyping and a 12-locus high-resolution vntr set to identify a total of 271 mtb isolates collected from six prefectures' yunnan. all the 271 patients were classified as 11 different ethnic groups, including 133 han patients (49.1%) and 138 minority patients (50.9%). spoligotyping analyses reveal ... | 2017 | 28596961 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis in the face of host-imposed nutrient limitation. | coevolution of pathogens and host has led to many metabolic strategies employed by intracellular pathogens to deal with the immune response and the scarcity of food during infection. simply put, bacterial pathogens are just looking for food. as a consequence, the host has developed strategies to limit nutrients for the bacterium by containment of the intruder in a pathogen-containing vacuole and/or by actively depleting nutrients from the intracellular space, a process called nutritional immunit ... | 2017 | 28597811 |
| killing mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro: what model systems can teach us. | tuberculosis is one of the most successful human diseases in our history due in large part to the multitude of virulence factors exhibited by the causative agent, mycobacterium tuberculosis. understanding the pathogenic nuances of this organism in the context of its human host is an ongoing topic of study facilitated by isolating cells from model organisms such as mice and non-human primates. however, m. tuberculosis is an obligate intracellular human pathogen, and disease progression and outcom ... | 2017 | 28597814 |
| oxidative phosphorylation as a target space for tuberculosis: success, caution, and future directions. | the emergence and spread of drug-resistant pathogens, and our inability to develop new antimicrobials to combat resistance, have inspired scientists to seek out new targets for drug development. the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex is a group of obligately aerobic bacteria that have specialized for inhabiting a wide range of intracellular and extracellular environments. two fundamental features in this adaptation are the flexible utilization of energy sources and continued metabolism in the ab ... | 2017 | 28597820 |
| mycobacterial biofilms: revisiting tuberculosis bacilli in extracellular necrotizing lesions. | under detergent-free in vitro conditions, mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tuberculosis in humans, spontaneously forms organized multicellular structures called biofilms. moreover, in vitro biofilms of m. tuberculosis are more persistent against antibiotics than their single-cell planktonic counterparts, thereby raising questions about the occurrence of biofilms in the host tissues and their significance in persistence during chemotherapy of tuberculosis. in this article, we ... | 2017 | 28597824 |
| pathology of tuberculosis: how the pathology of human tuberculosis informs and directs animal models. | tuberculosis (tb) is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by the pathogenic bacterium mycobacterium tuberculosis. a wide variety of host- and pathogen-associated variables influence the clinical manifestation of tb in different individuals within the human population. as a consequence, the characteristic granulomatous lesions that develop within the lung are heterogeneous in size and cellular composition. due to the lack of appropriate tissues from human tb patients, a variety of animal models ... | 2017 | 28597826 |
| digitizing medicines for remote capture of oral medication adherence using co-encapsulation. | high-resolution measurement of medication adherence is essential to personalized drug therapy . an fda-cleared device, using an edible ingestion sensor (is), external wearable patch and paired mobile device, can detect and record ingestion events. oral medications must be combined with an is to generate precise 'digitized-medication' ingestion records. we developed a gmp-protocol to repackage oral medications with the is within certified capsugel® capsules, termed co-encapsulation (coe). a rando ... | 2017 | 28597911 |
| [genetic recombiniation and protein expression detection of listeria-based tuberculosis vaccine candidates.] | genetic construction of tuberculosis vaccine candidates based on listeria(l.) monocytogenes,l.ivanovii,and evaluation their protein expression,in order to provide a novel method for research on tuberculosis controlling. | 2016 | 28598105 |
| in vitro activity of sitafloxacin against mycobacterium tuberculosis with gyra/b mutations isolated in japan. | sitafloxacin (sfx) is a new fluoroquinolone (fq) that has shown a strong bactericidal effect against mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) in vitro. however, data on sfx efficacy against mtb with gyra/b mutations and its epidemiological cut-off (ecoff) value remain limited. therefore, we evaluated and compared the in vitro activity of sfx against gyra/b-mutant mtb to that of moxifloxacin (mfx), levofloxacin (lfx) and ciprofloxacin (cfx), and determined the ecoff for sfx. | 2017 | 28598311 |
| anti-mycobacterial evaluation of 7-chloro-4-aminoquinolines and hologram quantitative structure-activity relationship (hqsar) modeling of amino-imino tautomers. | in an ongoing research program for the development of new anti-tuberculosis drugs, we synthesized three series (a, b, and c) of 7-chloro-4-aminoquinolines, which were evaluated in vitro against mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). now, we report the anti-mtb and cytotoxicity evaluations of a new series, d (d01-d21). considering the active compounds of series a (a01-a13), b (b01-b13), c (c01-c07), and d (d01-d09), we compose a data set of 42 compounds and carried out hologram quantitative structure- ... | 2017 | 28598408 |
| new structural classes of antituberculosis agents. | tuberculosis (tb), one of the deadliest diseases is shattering the health and socioeconomic status of the society. the emergence of multidrug resistant (mdr) and extremely drug resistant (xdr) strains has provided unprecedented lethal character to tb. the development of mdr and xdr strains of tb results in more deaths, longer duration of therapy, and appearance of the disease in the immunocompromised patients. because of the development of rapid resistance by mycobacterium tuberculosis, research ... | 2017 | 28598559 |
| croi 2017: complications and comorbidities of hiv disease and its treatment. | complications of hiv disease remained a major focus at the 2017 conference on retroviruses and opportunistic infections (croi), and included studies focused on noncommunicable chronic diseases (eg, cardiovascular disease, obesity, bone disease, and malignancies) and opportunistic infections (mycobacterium tuberculosis and cryptococcosis). progress in identifying predictors of specific complications as well as interventions for the prevention and treatment of these comorbidities are summarized be ... | 2017 | 28598792 |
| dry-heat inactivation of "mycobacterium canettii". | "mycobacterium canettii" is responsible for non-transmissible lymph node and pulmonary tuberculosis in persons exposed in the horn of africa. in the absence of direct human transmission, contaminated water and foodstuffs could be sources of contamination. we investigated the dry-heat inactivation of "m. canettii" alone and mixed into mock-infected foodstuffs by inoculating agar cylinders and milk with 10(4) colony-forming units of "m. canettii" cipt140010059 and two "m. canettii" clinical strain ... | 2017 | 28599677 |
| rifampin stability and solution concentration enhancement through amorphous solid dispersion in cellulose ω-carboxyalkanoate matrices. | tuberculosis (tb) is a deadly infectious disease; approximately 2 billion people are currently latently infected with the causative agent mycobacterium tuberculosis. approximately 8 million new active cases and 2 million deaths due to tb are recorded annually.(1) rifampin (rif) is a vital first-line tb treatment drug. its effectiveness is hampered by the high dose required (600 mg 1×/day) and by its moderate, variable bioavailability. these issues can be explained by rif instability at gastric p ... | 2017 | 28601524 |
| evaluation of the bactec mgit 960 system and the resazurin microtiter assay for susceptibility testing of mycobacterium tuberculosis to second-line drugs. | drug resistance in tuberculosis is a major threat to public health and control of the disease worldwide. given the need of a rapid and accurate detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to second-line drugs, this study evaluated the performance of the bactec mgit 960 for second-line, drug susceptibility testing in comparison with the resazurin microtiter assay (rema), in order to implement the automated methodology in the diagnostic routine of a reference laboratory. drug susceptibility ... | 2017 | 28601653 |
| respiratory infections associated with anti-tnfα agents. | anti-tnfα agents have proved effective in the treatment of various inflammatory, rheumatologic, dermatologic, and gastrointestinal diseases. severe respiratory tract infections of bacterial or fungal origin have emerged as important complications in patients receiving such treatments. the risk of infection due to anti-tnfα therapy is difficult to assess in these patients who are immunocompromised because of the underlying disease itself and of previous or concomitant immunosuppressive drugs. thi ... | 2017 | 28602386 |
| anti-fungal and anti-mycobacterial activity of plants of nuevo leon, mexico. | severe fungal infections, particularly those caused by candida spp, have increased in recent decades and are associated with an extremely high rate of morbidity and mortality. since plants are an important source of potentially bioactive compounds, in this work the antifungal activity of the methanol extracts of 10 plants (acacia rigidula, buddleja cordata, cephalanthus occidentalis, juglans nigra, parkinsonia aculeata, parthenium hysterophorus, quercus canbyi, ricinus communis, salvia coccinea ... | 2017 | 28603107 |
| drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis mimicking a flu-like syndrome in an elderly man: an atypical case report. | despite remarkable reductions in its incidence and mortality, tuberculosis (tb) continues to be a major health burden globally. pulmonary tb occasionally challenges physicians, either due to tb's ability to mimic many different conditions or because of the increasing number of drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. here we present a case of pulmonary tb with both characteristics and a brief review of the relevant literature. | 2017 | 28603235 |
| performance of the quantamatrix multiplexed assay platform system for the differentiation and identification of mycobacterium species. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of a new diagnostic multiplexed bead-based bioassay (quantamatrix multiplexed assay platform; qmap) system with shape-encoded silica microparticles for the rapid and accurate detection and identification of 23 mycobacterial species/groups, including mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc). | 2017 | 28604333 |
| structure-based screening and molecular dynamics simulations offer novel natural compounds as potential inhibitors of mycobacterium tuberculosis isocitrate lyase. | mycobacterium tuberculosis is the etiological agent of tuberculosis in humans and is responsible for more than two million deaths annually. m. tuberculosis isocitrate lyase (mtbicl) catalyzes the first step in the glyoxylate cycle, plays a pivotal role in the persistence of m. tuberculosis, which acts as a potential target for an anti-tubercular drug. to identify the potential anti-tuberculosis compound, we conducted a structure-based virtual screening of natural compounds from the zinc database ... | 2017 | 28605994 |
| isolation of anti-mycobacterial compounds from curtisia dentata (burm.f.) c.a.sm (curtisiaceae). | tuberculosis is counted amongst the most infectious and lethal illnesses worldwide and remains one of the major threats to human health. the aim of the current study was to isolate and characterize anti-mycobacterial compounds present in curtisia dentata (burm.f.) c.a.sm , a medicinal plant reportedly used in the treatment of tuberculosis, stomach ailments and sexually transmitted infections. | 2017 | 28606081 |
| poncet's disease in human immunodeficiency virus: a case report. | poncet's disease is a rare reactive polyarthritis associated with active tuberculosis and no evidence of mycobacterium tuberculosis in the affected joint. | 2017 | 28606166 |
| mir-20b inhibits mycobacterium tuberculosis induced inflammation in the lung of mice through targeting nlrp3. | tuberculosis (tb) is one of immune-related disorders. although dysregulation of mirnas has been implicated in innate and adaptive immune response, the specific effect of mir-20b on tb has not been documented. in this study, downregulation of mir-20b and upregulation of nlrp3 were observed in macrophages of tb patients, increased levels of inflammatory factors secretion were observed in serum of tb patients. next, we established a tb mice model by using m. tuberculosis infection and intravenous i ... | 2017 | 28606793 |
| selective killing of dormant mycobacterium tuberculosis by marine natural products. | the dormant phenotype acquired by mycobacterium tuberculosis during infection poses a major challenge in disease treatment, since these bacilli show tolerance to front-line drugs. therefore, it is imperative to find novel compounds that effectively kill dormant bacteria. by screening 4,400 marine natural product samples against dual-fluorescent m. tuberculosis under both replicating and nonreplicating conditions, we have identified compounds that are selectively active against dormant m. tubercu ... | 2017 | 28607021 |
| conformational control of udp-galactopyranose mutase inhibition. | udp-galactopyranose mutase (glf or ugm) catalyzes the formation of uridine 5'-diphosphate-α-d-galactofuranose (udp-galf) from udp-galactopyranose (udp-galp). the enzyme is required for the production of galf-containing glycans. ugm is absent in mammals, but members of the corynebacterineae suborder require ugm for cell envelope biosynthesis. the need for ugm in some pathogens has prompted the search for inhibitors that could serve as antibiotic leads. optimizing inhibitor potency, however, has b ... | 2017 | 28608671 |
| synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking studies of novel 3-aryl-5-(alkyl-thio)-1h-1,2,4-triazoles derivatives targeting mycobacterium tuberculosis. | a small library of new 3-aryl-5-(alkyl-thio)-1h-1,2,4-triazoles was synthesized and screened for the antimycobacterial potency against mycobacterium tuberculosis h37 ra strain and mycobacterium bovis bcg both in active and dormant stage. among the synthesized library, 25 compounds exhibited promising anti-tb activity in the range of ic50 0.03-5.88 μg/ml for dormant stage and 20 compounds in the range of 0.03-6.96 μg/ml for active stage. their lower toxicity (>100 μg/ml) and higher selectivity (s ... | 2017 | 28609019 |
| using genotyping to delineate tuberculosis transmission in long-term care facilities: single facility 4-year experience. | residents in long-term care facilities (ltcfs) are vulnerable to tuberculosis (tb) transmission; however, to delineate possible routes of tb transmission in ltcfs is difficult. this study aimed to address the use of regular genotyping surveillance to delineate tb transmission in ltcfs. | 2017 | 28610564 |
| assessment of treatment response by colony forming units, time to culture positivity and the molecular bacterial load assay compared in a mouse tuberculosis model. | the aim of the study is to compare counting of colony forming units (cfu), the time to positivity (ttp) assay and the molecular bacterial load (mbl) assay, and explore whether the last assays can detect a subpopulation which is unable to grown on solid media. cfu counting, ttp and the mbl assay were used to determine the mycobacterial load in matched lung samples of a murine tuberculosis model. mice were treated for 24 weeks with 4 treatment arms: isoniazid (h) - rifampicin (r) - pyrazinamide (z ... | 2017 | 28610782 |
| molecular investigation of active binding site of isoniazid (inh) and insight into resistance mechanism of s315t-mtkatg in mycobacterium tuberculosis. | multi drug resistant tuberculosis is a major threat for mankind. resistance against isoniazid (inh), targeting mtkatg protein, is one of the most commonly occurring resistances in mdr tb strains. s315t-mtkatg mutation is widely reported for inh resistance. despite having knowledge about the mechanism of inh, exact binding site of inh to mtkatg is still uncertain and proposed to have three presumable binding sites (site-1, site-2, and site-3). in the current study docking, molecular dynamics simu ... | 2017 | 28610784 |
| chemokines additional to ifn-γ can be used to differentiate among mycobacterium tuberculosis infection possibilities and provide evidence of an early clearance phenotype. | current diagnostic tests for tuberculosis (tb) remain limited in their ability to discriminate between active tb (atb) and latent tb infection (ltbi). early clearance (ec) of tb by individuals exposed to mycobacterium tuberculosis is a debated phenomenon for which evidence is lacking. we measured and compared secreted chemokines in the plasma fraction from 48 atb, 38 ltbi, 162 presumed ec and 39 healthy controls (hc) using the quantiferon(®)-tb gold in-tube assay. single chemokine markers were l ... | 2017 | 28610785 |
| a brief history of tuberculosis in the czech lands. | tuberculosis currently remains a serious medical problem, therefore increased attention is being paid to this disease. paleopathological studies focused on the monitoring of morbid changes in skeletal remains of historical populations facilitate a detailed study of the development of this disease. they provide direct evidence of the existence of tuberculosis and its past forms. in addition to literary and iconographic sources, the present study is focused on recording the findings of bone tuberc ... | 2017 | 28610786 |
| spolsimilaritysearch - a web tool to compare and search similarities between spoligotypes of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. | spoligotyping is one of the most commonly used polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based methods for identification and study of genetic diversity of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc). despite its known limitations if used alone, the methodology is particularly useful when used in combination with other methods such as mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units - variable number of tandem dna repeats (miru-vntrs). at a worldwide scale, spoligotyping has allowed identification of information ... | 2017 | 28610787 |
| comparative study of genotypes of mycobacterium tuberculosis from a northern indian setting with strains reported from other parts of india and neighboring countries. | this study was carried out to characterize mycobacterium tuberculosis population in ghatampur, kanpur, north india, by spoligotyping and mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number of tandem repeats (miru-vntrs) typing. a total of 335 isolates were genotyped by spoligotyping and central asian (cas) sub-lineage was the most prevalent, comprising 59.1% of all isolates. other lineages were: east-african indian (eai) (19.10%), t (5.07%), beijing (3.28%), manu (2.98%), x (2.68%), s (0 ... | 2017 | 28610789 |
| the role of the time-kill kinetics assay as part of a preclinical modeling framework for assessing the activity of anti-tuberculosis drugs. | novel treatment strategies for tuberculosis are urgently needed. many different preclinical models assessing anti-tuberculosis drug activity are available, but it is yet unclear which combination of models is most predictive of clinical treatment efficacy. the aim of this study was to determine the role of our in vitro time kill-kinetics assay as an asset to a predictive preclinical modeling framework assessing anti-tuberculosis drug activity. the concentration- and time-dependent mycobacterial ... | 2017 | 28610791 |
| quantitative and qualitative inkt repertoire associations with disease susceptibility and outcome in macaque tuberculosis infection. | correlates of immune protection that reliably predict vaccine efficacy against mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) infection are urgently needed. invariant nkt cells (inkts) are cd1d-dependent innate t cells that augment host antimicrobial immunity through production of cytokines, including interferon (ifn)-γ and tumour necrosis factor (tnf)-α. we determined peripheral blood inkt numbers, their proliferative responses and inkt subset proportions after in vitro antigen expansion by α-galactosylceram ... | 2017 | 28610792 |
| molecular mechanisms of action, resistance, detection to the first-line anti tuberculosis drugs: rifampicin and pyrazinamide in the post whole genome sequencing era. | recent studies in addition to studies based on whole genome sequencing (wgs) of clinical isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) from diverse geographical regions have provided useful insights into the mechanisms of drug resistance. of importance, are some of the findings pertaining to mechanisms of resistance to two of the first-line anti-tuberculosis (tb) drugs, namely, rifampicin (rif) and pyrazinamide (pza). for example, the implication of mutations in rpoa and rpoc genes that act as co ... | 2017 | 28610794 |
| high-resolution ct findings of pulmonary tuberculosis in liver transplant patients. | to assess the high-resolution computed tomography (hrct) findings in liver transplant patients diagnosed with pulmonary mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. | 2017 | 28610889 |
| alterations in conformational topology and interaction dynamics caused by l418a mutation leads to activity loss of mycobacterium tuberculosis isocitrate lyase. | mycobacterium tuberculosis isocitrate lyase (mtbicl) is a key enzyme of the glyoxylate cycle that catalyzes the cleavage of isocitrate to succinate and glyoxylate and is a potential antituberculosis drug target. the aim of this research was to explore the structural alterations induced by l418a point mutation that caused the loss of enzyme activity. in-depth structural analyses were carried out for understanding the influence of l418a mutation using techniques, viz. molecular dynamics, principal ... | 2017 | 28610921 |
| ohmyungsamycins promote antimicrobial responses through autophagy activation via amp-activated protein kinase pathway. | the induction of host cell autophagy by various autophagy inducers contributes to the antimicrobial host defense against mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), a major pathogenic strain that causes human tuberculosis. in this study, we present a role for the newly identified cyclic peptides ohmyungsamycins (oms) a and b in the antimicrobial responses against mtb infections by activating autophagy in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (bmdms). oms robustly activated autophagy, which was essentiall ... | 2017 | 28611371 |
| diametric role of the latency-associated protein acr1 of mycobacterium tuberculosis in modulating the functionality of pre- and post-maturational stages of dendritic cells. | it is instrumental for the mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) to persist within its host in dormancy. mtb represses most of its metabolic machinery during latency, but upregulates the expression of latency-associated protein alpha-crystallin protein (acr1). therefore, it is imperative to understand how throughout dormancy, mtb employs acr1 to regulate the host immunity. this study reveals that acr1 exhibits divergent effect on the pre- and post-maturation stages of dendritic cells (dcs). in the cu ... | 2017 | 28611779 |
| antimicrobial activity of quinazolin derivatives of 1,2-di(quinazolin-4-yl)diselane against mycobacteria. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (m. tuberculosis) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. currently, the emergence of drug resistance has an urgent need for new drugs. in previous study, we found that 1,2-di(quinazolin-4-yl)diselane (dqyd), a quinazoline derivative, has anticancer activities against many cancers. however, whether dqyd has the activity of antimycobacterium is still little known. here our results show that dqyd has a similar value of the minimum inhibitory concentratio ... | 2017 | 28612027 |
| comparative study of genexpert mtb/rif assay and multiplex pcr assay for direct detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis in suspected pulmonary tuberculosis patients. | pulmonary tuberculosis (ptb) is one of the major infectious diseases in developing countries. the objective of this study was to compare rapid diagnostics technique, genexpert mtb/rif (genexpert) and multiplex pcr assay (mpcr) targeting is6110 segment and mpb64 gene for direct detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) in suspected ptb patients. a cross sectional study was carried among 105 sputum samples from suspected ptb patients to evaluate genexpert and multiplex pcr who visited national ... | 2017 | 28612135 |
| [prediction and analysis of epitopes in clpp2 of mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | to predict and analyze the antigenic epitopes in mycobacterium tuberculosis protein caseinolytic protease p2 (clpp2), and explore its possibility to be applied as a new tuberculosis (tb) vaccine and drug development target. | 2017 | 28612535 |
| [addiction of toxin-antitoxin systems to a chaperone in mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | 2017 | 28612721 | |
| strain-based hla association analysis identified hla-drb1*09:01 associated with modern strain tuberculosis. | tuberculosis (tb) occurs as a result of complex interactions between the host immune system and pathogen virulence factors. human leukocyte antigen (hla) class ii molecules play an important role in the host immune system. however, no study has assessed the association between hla class ii genes and susceptibility to tb caused by specific strains. this study investigated the possible association of hla class ii genes with tb caused by modern and ancient mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). the stud ... | 2017 | 28612994 |
| neutrophils: double agents for tb. | nitric oxide restricts growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis by repressing neutrophilic inflammation. | 2017 | 28615363 |
| decreased expression of perforin in cd8(+) t lymphocytes in patients with mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and its potential value as a marker for efficacy of treatment. | cytolytic activity against mycobacteria tuberculosis (mtb) within the infected macrophage is a crucial step in the immunity against tb infection, as mtb is an intracellular bacterium. cytotoxic molecules such as perforin and granzymes produced by cytolytic t cells directly participate in this process. in this study, we evaluated the cytotoxicity function employing flow cytometry analysis of the level of expression of interferon-γ (ifn-γ), perforin and granzyme b in cd8(+) t cells from patients w ... | 2017 | 28616288 |
| antigen availability shapes t cell differentiation and function during tuberculosis. | cd4 t cells are critical for protective immunity against mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), the cause of tuberculosis (tb). yet to date, tb vaccine candidates that boost antigen-specific cd4 t cells have conferred little or no protection. here we examined cd4 t cell responses to two leading tb vaccine antigens, esat-6 and ag85b, in mtb-infected mice and in vaccinated humans with and without underlying mtb infection. in both species, mtb infection drove esat-6-specific t cells to be more different ... | 2017 | 28618268 |
| original mycobacterial sin, a consequence of highly homologous antigens? | the role of antigens shared between mycobacteria in in-vivo cross-reactive immune responses in host animals, have been reported to be responsible for reduced bcg vaccination efficacy as well reduced specificity of routine immunological diagnostic tests. this presents with significant disease control challenges in humans and animals. the present review highlights the results of previous studies on the effect of pre-sensitization to environmental mycobacteria on either pathogenic mycobacteria and/ ... | 2017 | 28619159 |