Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| visualization of secale cereale dna in wheat germ plasm by fluorescent in situ hybridization. | homozygous wheat/rye (1bl/1rs or 1as/ 1rl) translocation lines have significantly contributed to wheat production, and several other wheat/rye translocation lines show a potential promise against biotic and abiotic stresses. detecting the presence of rye at the chromosome level is feasible by c-banding and isozyme protocols, but the diagnostic strength of genomic in situ hybridization for eventually analyzing smaller dna introgressions has greater significance. as a first step we have applied th ... | 1995 | 24174014 |
| molecular identification of powdery mildew resistance genes in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | rflp markers for the wheat powdery mildew resistance genes pm1 and pm2 were tagged by means of near-isogenic lines. the probe whs178 is located 3 cm from the pm1 gene. for the powdery mildew resistance gene pm2, two markers were identified. the linkage between the pm2 resistance locus and one of these two probes was estimated to be 3 cm with a f2 population. both markers can be used to detect the presence of the corresponding resistance gene in commercial cultivars. "bulked segregant analysis" w ... | 1995 | 24174015 |
| genetic control for resistance to leaf rust in wheat-agropyron lines: agro 139 and agro 58. | leaf rust resistance lines of triticum aestivum carry highly effective lr genes from agropyron intermedium (host) beauv. this agro 58 and agro 139 resistance segregated independently of agropyron leaf-rust resistance genes lr-19, lr-24 and lr-9 from ae. umbellulata. monosomic analysis showed that the lr gene in agro 139 was incorporated into wheat chromosome 6d. c-banding analysis could not determine the c-banding pattern of a. intermedium in wheat -agropyron lines agro 58 and agro 139. it is as ... | 1995 | 24174018 |
| conversion of a rapd-generated pcr product, containing a novel dispersed repetitive element, into a fast and robust assay for the presence of rye chromatin in wheat. | bulk segregant analysis was used to obtain a random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) marker specific for the rye chromosome arm of the 1bl.1rs translocation, which is common in many high-yielding bread wheat varieties. the rapd-generated band was cloned and end-sequenced to allow the construction of a pair of oligonucleotide primers that pcr-amplify a dna sequence only in the presence of rye chromatin. the amplified sequence shares a low level of homology to wheat and barley, as judged by the lo ... | 1995 | 24174021 |
| production and genetic characterization of near-isogenic lines in the bread-wheat cultivar alpe. | two biotypes of the bread-wheat cultivar alpe were shown to possess contrasting alleles at each of the glutenin (glu-b1, glu-d1, glu-b3 and glu-d3) and gliadin (gli-b1 and gli-d1) loci on chromosomes 1b and 1d. fourteen near-isogenic lines (nils) were produced by crossing these biotypes and used to determine the genetic control of both low-molecular-weight (lmw) glutenin subunits and gliadins by means of one-dimensional or two-dimensional electrophoresis. genes coding for the b, c and d groups o ... | 1995 | 24174023 |
| silicon carbide fiber-mediated dna delivery into cells of wheat (triticum acstivum l.) mature embryos. | we have demonstrated that foreign dna can be delivered into cells of mature embryos of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) using silicon carbide fibers (scf). the highest transient expression of thegusa (gus) gene was detected when dry embryos were vortexed for 10-30 min in a scf-dna solution containing 90-120 g/l of sucrose. up to 100 (on average 20-40) blue expression units per embryo were observed. scutellum side and epiblast of the intact wheat embryos are preferentially transformed. when embryos w ... | 1996 | 24177538 |
| identification of wheat-agropyron cristatum monosomic addition lines by rflp analysis using a set of assigned wheat dna probes. | a non-radioactive digoxigenin-labelled dna method was used successfully to identify rflp markers in 54 triticum aestivum cv 'chinese spring' - agropyron cristatum (2n=28, genome pppp) p-genome monosomic addition lines. southern analysis using a set of 14 dna probes identifying each homoeologous chromosome arm, combined with two restriction enzymes hindiii and ecori, indicated that six a. cristatum chromosomes (1p, 2p, 3p, 4p, 5p and 6p) and five a. cristatum chromosome arms (2ps, 2pl, 5pl, 6ps a ... | 1994 | 24177772 |
| waxy protein deficiency and chromosomal location of coding genes in common wheat. | deficiency of the wheat waxy (wx) proteins (wx-a1, wx-b1 and wx-d1) was studied in 1,960 cultivars derived from several countries. gel electrophoretic analyses revealed that the null allele for the wx-a1 protein occurred frequently in korean, japanese and turkish wheats but was relatively rare in cultivars from other countries and regions. about 48% of the wheats deficient for the wx-b1 protein were from australia and india. one chinese cultivar lacked the wxd1 protein. while 9 japanese cultivar ... | 1994 | 24177825 |
| determination of the frequency of wheat-rye chromosome pairing in wheat x rye hybrids with and without chromosome 5b. | genomic in-situ hybridization (gish) was used to determine the amount of wheat-rye chromosome pairing in wheat (triticum aestivum) x rye (secale cereale) hybrids having chromosome 5b present, absent, or replaced by an extra dose of chromosome 5d. the levels of overall chromosome pairing were similar to those reported earlier but the levels of wheat-rye pairing were higher than earlier determinations using c-banding. significant differences in chromosome pairing were found between the three genot ... | 1994 | 24177837 |
| sister chromatid exchanges in cultured immature embryos of wheat species and regenerants. | immature embryos of triticum aestivum (ten cultivars and lines), t. durum, t. dicoccum and t. monococcum were cultured in vitro on ms medium supplemented with 1 or 2 mg/l of 2,4-d and 20 or 30 g/l of sucrose for 3 days and processed to score sister chromatid exchanges (sces) per chromosome. media components affect dna replication from the start of the culture. the sce frequencies were dependent on the genotype and were not correlated with the degree of ploidy. they increased after doubling of th ... | 1994 | 24177843 |
| chromosomal location of genes controlling short-term and long-term somatic embryogenesis in wheat revealed by immature embryo culture of aneuploid lines. | the expression of essential genes during somatic embryogenesis can be analysed by inducing aneuploid cells to undergo embryogenesis during immature embryo culture and then determining whether defects occur. triticum aestivum disomic and aneuploid stocks, including 36 ditelosomics and 7 nullitetrasomic 'chinese spring' wheats, were compared for their ability to undergo somatic embryogenesis after 2 months of in vitro immature embryo culture. their regeneration capacity was observed after 4 and 14 ... | 1994 | 24177852 |
| durum wheat haploid production using maize wide-crossing. | while anther culture or pollinations with hordeum bulbosum have provided suitable methods for haploid production in bread wheat, they have been largely unsuccessful in durum wheat. pollinations with maize were used in an attempt to produce haploid seedlings and, from these, fertile doubled haploids of durum wheats. moreover, the effect of various concentrations and combinations of a synthetic auxin, 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d), kinetin, and an ethylene inhibitor, silver nitrate (agno ... | 1994 | 24177930 |
| transformation of protoplasts and intact cells from slowly growing embryogenic callus of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | a procedure for culturing protoplasts from slowly growing embryogenic calli of wheat was developed. the procedure was dependent on the ability to isolate large numbers of culturable protoplasts from slowly growing embryogenic callus. approximately 68% of the isolated protoplasts divided, and 22% formed colonies; of the latter, 67% continued to proliferate. plating efficiency was reduced when protoplasts were transformed by polythylene glycol, electroporation, and/or agrobacterium. intact cells w ... | 1994 | 24177933 |
| hybrids and backcross progenies between wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and apomictic australian wheatgrass [elymus rectisetus (nees in lehm.) a. löve & connor]: karyotypic and genomic analyses. | wheat (triticum aestivum l., 2n = 6x = 42, aabbdd) florets were emasculated and pollinated using two apomictic wheatgrass [elymus rectisetus (nees in lehm.) a. love & connor, 2n = 6x = 42, ssyyww] accessions, one of which produces 2n pollen. a 2n = 42 (bii) hybrid and four 2n = 63 (b iii) hybrids were obtained. the spike morphology of the b ii hybrid was intermediate to that of its parents. the pollen mother cells (pmcs) of this hybrid contained on average 38.361 and 1.62 ii, which was consisten ... | 1994 | 24177936 |
| an n-band marker for gene lr18 for resistance to leaf rust in wheat. | the leaf rust resistance gene, lr18, of common wheat cultivars has been derived from triticum timopheevi and is located on chromosome arm 5bl. chromosome banding (n-banding) analyses revealed that in the wheat cultivars carrying lr18 that were examined, which had been bred in 6 different countries, chromosome arm 5bl possessed a specific terminal band not carried by their susceptible parental cultivars. it was suggested that this terminal n-band was introduced from t. timopheevi together with lr ... | 1994 | 24177942 |
| linkages between common wheat yields and climate in morocco (1982-2008). | in morocco, wheat production shows a high inter-annual variability due to uncertain rainfall. in view of the importance of this resource to the country's economy, it is important to gain a better understanding of the natural large-scale climate oscillation governing this variability. in this study, we analyzed de-trended (1) time series of common wheat yields (1983-2008) from 11 agricultural provinces that account for 80% of national wheat production; (2) monthly rainfall and 10-day temperature ... | 2014 | 24177944 |
| long-term steady-state labelling of wheat plants by use of natural (13)co 2/ (12)co 2 mixtures in an open, rapidly turned-over system. | a photosynthate labelling method is presented which takes advantage of the natural difference in carbon-isotope composition (δ carbon-isotope composition of a sample is conventionally presented as δ (‰) = [(rp/rs) -1] · 1000, where rp and rs are the molar abundance ratios, (13)c/(12)c, of the sample and of the standard (pdb carbonate), respectively ) which exists between atmospheric co2 (δ≈-8‰) and commercially available compressed co2. carbon dioxide with δ-4.0 and -27.9%., respectively, has be ... | 1992 | 24177977 |
| a partial genome assay for quantitative trait loci in wheat (triticum aestivum) using different analytical techniques. | f1 plants between two intervarietal chromosome substitution lines of european spring wheat varieties, 'sicco' ('chinese spring 5b') and 'highbury' ('chinese spring 5b'), were used to produce 114 doubled haploid lines, 45 by the hordeum bulbosum technique and 69 by anther culture. these two sets of lines were characterized for variation at a range of morphological, isozyme and rflp marker loci, and genetic maps were developed with emphasis on chromosomes 6b, 7a, 7b and 7d. a subset of lines, scor ... | 1994 | 24178019 |
| association of a dna marker with hessian fly resistance gene h9 in wheat. | the hessian fly [mayetiola destructor (say)] is a major pest of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and genetic resistance has been used effectively over the past 30 years to protect wheat against serious damage by the fly. to-date, 25 hessian fly resistance genes, designated h1 to h25, have been identified in wheat. with near-isogenic wheat lines differing for the presence of an individual hessian fly resistance gene, in conjunction with random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis and denaturing ... | 1994 | 24178111 |
| diallel analysis to predict heterosis and combining ability for grain yield, yield components and bread-making quality in bread wheat (t. aestivum). | combining ability for grain yield, yield components, and several agronomic and qualitative traits, was studied in a seven-parent diallel cross. the 21 f1 hybrids and the seven parental cultivars were grown in replicated plot trials sown at normal seed density in three locations in the years 1992 and 1993. the effects of general combining ability (gca) were highly significant for all the traits measured with the exception of seeds per spikelet, while the specific combining ability (sca) effects w ... | 1994 | 24178113 |
| quantitative-genetic analysis of reciprocal crosses between a winter and a spring cultivar of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the winter wheat cultivar sakhalin (parent a) and the spring wheat cultivar khush-hal (parent b), assumed to be both nuclear-genetically and plasmotypically different, were reciprocally crossed and the f1 generation of the reciprocals backcrossed to either parent. the populations (axb)f1, (axb)f2, [(axb)f1xa]f1 and [(axb)f1xb]f1, and their reciprocals (bxa)f1, (bxa)f2, [(bxa)f1xa]f1 and [(bxa)f1xb]f1, assumed to have the plasmotypes of the parents a and b respectively, were spring sown in the sa ... | 1994 | 24178121 |
| rflp markers associated with sr22 and recombination between chromosome 7a of bread wheat and the diploid species triticum boeoticum. | analysis of the bread wheat variety schomburgk, and related lines in its pedigree, identified rflp markers associated with the segment of chromosome 7a carrying the sr22 gene derived from the diploid species t. boeoticum. the distribution of the rflp markers indicated that at least 50% of 7as and 80% of 7al in schomburgk is of t. boeoticum origin. evaluation of five sets of nearisogenic lines, backcross lines in 20 different genetic backgrounds and an f2 population segregating for sr22 demonstra ... | 1994 | 24178122 |
| cell shape and localisation of ice in leaves of overwintering wheat during frost stress in the field. | wheat leaf pieces were excised and freeze-fixed in the field, preparatory to low-temperature scanning electron microscopy to study distribution of ice within leaf blades, and associated cell shapes, during natural frosts. pieces of leaf blades from wheat plants (triticum aestivum l. 7942h1-20-8) overwintering in indiana, usa (january, 1991), were excised and immediately freeze-fixed by manually plunging in melting freon. cells in controls were turgid and extracellular ice was absent. the leaves ... | 1992 | 24178321 |
| effect of long-term photoinhibition on growth and photosynthesis of cold-hardened spring and winter wheat. | the effect of repeated exposure to high light (1200 μmol · m(-2) · s(-1) photosynthetic photon flux density, ppfd) at 5° c was examined in attached leaves of cold-grown spring (cv. katepwa) and winter (cv. kharkov) wheat (triticum aestivum l.) over an eight-week period. under these conditions, kharkov winter wheat exhibited a daily reduction of 24% in fv/fm (the ratio of variable to maximal fluorescence in the dark-adapted state), in contrast to 41% for cold-grown katepwa spring wheat. both cult ... | 1992 | 24178327 |
| aluminum effects on the kinetics of calcium uptake into cells of the wheat root apex : quantification of calcium fluxes using a calcium-selective vibrating microelectrode. | the effects of aluminum on the concentration-dependent kinetics of ca(2+) uptake were studied in two winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars, al-tolerant atlas 66 and al-sensitive scout 66. seedlings were grown in 100 μm cacl2 solution (ph 4.5) for 3 d. subsequently, net ca(2+) fluxes in intact roots were measured using a highly sensitive technique, employing a vibrating ca(2+)-selective microelectrode. the kinetics of ca(2+) uptake into cells of the root apex, for external ca(2+) concentr ... | 1992 | 24178332 |
| effect of anoxia on starch breakdown in rice and wheat seeds. | the capabilities of rice (oryza sativa l.) and wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seeds (caryopses) to degrade starchy reserves present in the endosperm tissue were compared under anaerobic conditions. the results showed that rice, a species highly tolerant to anoxia, can readily break down starch under anaerobiosis concomitant with germination, while wheat does not germinate and fails to degrade starch present in the endosperm. this clearly distinct behavior is likely the consequence of the successfu ... | 1992 | 24178396 |
| accelerated production of transgenic wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plants. | we have developed a method for the accelerated production of fertile transgenic wheat (triticum aestivum l.) that yields rooted plants ready for transfer to soil in 8-9 weeks (56-66 days) after the initiation of cultures. this was made possible by improvements in the procedures used for culture, bombardment, and selection. cultured immature embryos were given a 4-6 h pre-and 16 h post-bombardment osmotic treatment. the most consistent and satisfactory results were obtained with 30 μg of gold par ... | 1996 | 24178645 |
| field study on the uptake and translocation of perfluoroalkyl acids (pfaas) by wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in biosolids-amended soils. | field experiments were performed to evaluate the uptake and translocation of perfluoroalkyl acids (pfaas) in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in soils amended with biosolids at different rates. nine perfluorocarboxylic acids (pfcas) and three perfluorosulfonic acids (pfsas) were detected in the soils and wheat tissues. total concentrations of pfaas in the soils and wheat root, straw, husk and grain increased with increasing application of biosolids. pfca concentrations in grain increased logar ... | 2014 | 24184376 |
| identification of a wheat (triticum aestivum) cell line lacking a specific divalent cation requirement. | a wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cell line, derived from anther culture of an f1 hybrid, has exogenous ca(2+), to that of calcium-dependent cells grown on complete medium. the calcium-independent cell line has been grown in the absence of ca(2+) for more than 1.5 years. the cell line grew at a rate similar to that on complete medium for up to 12 weeks, if supplied with any one of the divalent cations, ca(2+), mg(2+), mn(2+), zn(2+), cu(2+) or co(2+), but declined and appeared necrotic when all 6 o ... | 1995 | 24185448 |
| electro-fused isolated wheat (triticum aestivum l.) gametes develop into multicellular structures. | the electrofusion-mediated fertilization of single egg cells of wheat with isolated individually selected wheat sperm cells was successfully carried out for the first time. on average the fusion frequency was 30% but under optimal conditions it was possible to reach as much as 55%. two days after electric fusion 60% of the fusion products started to divide, 88.5% of them forming multicellular structures and in a few cases microcalluses. the culture of single unfertilized egg cells with or withou ... | 1995 | 24185771 |
| in vitro development of globular zygotic wheat embryos. | we have established in vitro culture conditions for globular zygotic wheat embryos (triticum aestivum l.). their nutritional requirements have been systematically investigated. the initial sucrose concentration, as well as the sucrose concentration during the culture, a 6-benzylaminopurine supplement, the use of nitrates and ammonium as nitrogen source have a major influence on the embryo development. proline has an inhibitory effect on the germination. a double layer system with different media ... | 1995 | 24185773 |
| comparison of developmental stages of inflorescence for high frequency plant regeneration in triticum aestivum l. and t. durum desf. | whole immature inflorescences at 4 different developmental stages (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 cm in size) of different genotypes of triticum aestivum and t. durum were cultured to see the morphogenetic responses on murashige and skoog's (ms) medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) (2.5 mg/l). very young inflorescences 0.5 and 1.0cm long formed embryogenic callus from their entire surface while 1.5 and 2.0 cm long inflorescences formed embryogenic callus from the basal spikelets a ... | 1995 | 24185781 |
| factors affecting the establishment and maintenance of embryogenic callus and suspension cultures of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | improved suspension cell culture systems are needed to facilitate the application of recombinant dna technology for wheat germplasm enhancement. this study evaluated three wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars, and the effects of medium basal salts, 2,4-d, sucrose, and l-proline concentrations on the establishment of rapidly growing and highly embryogenic callus and suspension cultures. percent embryogenic calli was visually estimated and verified with light and scanning electron microscopy. th ... | 1995 | 24185782 |
| wheat chromosome 2d carries genes controlling the activity of two dna-degrading enzymes. | dna-degrading enzymes of 24.0 kda and 27.0 kda were observed to have different activities in two common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars, 'wichita' and 'cheyenne'. a substrate-based sds-page assay revealed that these two enzymes were much more active in 'wichita' than in 'cheyenne'. genes controlling the activities of these two enzymes were localized on chromosome 2d by testing dna-degrading activities in reciprocal chromosome substitution lines between 'wichita' and 'cheyenne'. while the ... | 1994 | 24185878 |
| effect of gliadins and hmw and lmw subunits of glutenin on dough properties in the f6 recombinant inbred lines from a bread wheat cross. | the storage proteins of 64 f2-derived f6 recombinant inbred lines (rils) from the bread wheat cross 'prinqual'/'marengo' were analyzed. parents differed at four loci: gli-b1 (coding for gliadins), glu-b1 (coding for hmw glutenin subunits), glu-a3/gli-a1 (coding for lmw glutenin subunits/gliadins) and glu-d3 (coding for lmw glutenin subunits). the effect of allelic variation at these loci on tenacity, extensibility and dough strength as measured by the chopin alveograph was determined. allelic di ... | 1994 | 24185886 |
| transfer of ph (i) genes promoting homoeologous pairing from triticum speltoides to common wheat. | diploid-like chromosome pairing in polyploid wheat is controlled by several ph (pairing homoeologous) genes with major and minor effects. homoeologous pairing occurs in either the absence of these genes or their inhibition by genes from other species (ph (i) genes). we transferred ph (i) genes from triticum speltoides (syn aegilops speltoides) to t. aestivum, and on the basis of further analysis it appears that two duplicate and independent ph (i) genes were transferred. since ph (i) genes are e ... | 1994 | 24185888 |
| pcr analysis of genes encoding allelic variants of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits at the glu-d1 locus. | genes encoding high-molecular-weight (hmw) glutenin subunits, present in bread-wheat lines and cultivars, were studied by rflp (restriction fragment length polymorphism) and pcr (polymerase chain reaction) analyses. in particular, allelic subunits of the x-or y-type, encoded at the glu-d1 locus present on the long arm of chromosome 1d, were investigated. the variation in size, observed in different allelic subunits, is mainly due to variation in the length of the central repetitive domain, typic ... | 1994 | 24185923 |
| the influence of the rye genome on the accumulation of hsp18 and hsp70 transcripts in a wheat genetic background. | the influence of the rye genome on the accumulation of hsp18 and hsp70 transcripts in a wheat genetic background was examined in the wheat/rye hybrid triticale (triticum aestivum cv chinese spring x secale cereale cv imperial). to quantify the amount of transcript accumulation in wheat, rye, triticale, and in the disomic and the ditelosomic rye addition lines to wheat, we used two independant methods, namely (1) northern dot-blot hybridizations and (2) an exami-nation of the in-vitro translation ... | 1994 | 24186010 |
| chromosome assignment of four photosynthesis-related genes and their variability in wheat species. | copy numbers of four photosynthesis-related genes, phya, ppc, rbcs and lhcb1 (*)1, in wheat genomes were estimated by slot-blot analysis, and these genes were assigned to the chromosome arms of common wheat by southern hybridization of dna from an aneuploid series of the cultivar chinese spring. the copy number of phya was estimated to be one locus per haploid genome, and this gene was assigned to chromosomes 4al, 4bs and 4ds. the ppc gene showed a low copy number of small multigenes, and was lo ... | 1994 | 24186023 |
| an nadh nitrate reductase gene copy appears to have been deleted in barley. | cultivated barley,hordeum vulgare l., has a single nadh nitrate reductase (nr) gene while diploid wheat,triticum monococcum, and cultivated hexaploid wheat,triticum aestivum l., have two nadh nr genes. to determine whether the nadh nr gene was duplicated since the divergence oftriticum fromhordeum or was deleted from barley, thet. monococcum nadh nr gene heme-hinge regions were sequenced and compared with the barley nadh nr gene sequence. sequence identity and phylogenetic analyses showed that o ... | 1994 | 24186114 |
| pcr analysis to distinguish between alleles of a member of a multigene family correlated with wheat bread-making quality. | good or poor wheat bread-making quality is associated with two allelic pairs at theglu-d1 complex locus, designated 1dx5-1dy10 and 1dx2-1dy12, respectively. the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) verified the presence of the hmw-glutenin 1dx5 gene from genomic dna extracted from part of the endosperm of a single dry seed, or a small amount of leaf or root tissue, of several bread-wheat cultivars. this easy, quick, and non-destructive pcr-based approach is proposed as a very efficient and safe alter ... | 1994 | 24186174 |
| genetic diversity in european wheat and spelt breeding material based on rflp data. | fifty-two winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.), nine spring wheat, and 20 spelt (triticum spelta l.) lines representing part of the european breeding germplasm, were assayed for rflps (restriction fragment length polymorphisms) with 56 wheat dna clones and two barley cdna clones. objectives of this study were to (1) determine the level of variation for rflps in the wheat and spelt breeding lines, (2) characterize the genetic diversity within the european winter wheat germplasm, and (3) evaluate t ... | 1994 | 24186253 |
| genetic analysis of carbon isotope discrimination and agronomic characters in a bread wheat cross. | carbon isotope discrimination (δ) has been suggested as a selection criterion to improve transpiration efficiency (w) in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). cultivars 'chinese spring' with low a (high w) and 'yecora rojo' with high δ (low w) were crossed to develop f1, f2, bc1, and bc2 populations for genetic analysis of δ and other agronomic characters under well-watered (wet) and water-stressed (dry) field conditions. significant variation was observed among the generations for δ only under th ... | 1994 | 24186257 |
| metaphase i-bound arms frequency and genome analysis in wheat-aegilops hybrids. 3. similar relationships between the b genome of wheat and s or s (l) genomes of ae. speltoides, ae. longissima and ae. sharonensis. | the meiotic behaviour of triticum aestivum × aegilops speltoides, t. aestivum × ae. sharonensis and t. aestivum × ae. longissima tetraploid hybrids (genome constitution abds, abds (l) , and abds (l) , respectively) has been analysed by the c-banding technique. of the six types of pairing normally occurring, at metaphase i three were recognized: a-d, ad-bs/ad-bs (l) and b-s/b-s (l) . the relative order observed in the low pairing hybrid, a-d> b-s (l) >ad-bs (l) , as well as that found in high-pai ... | 1994 | 24186260 |
| short-term effects of nitrate on sucrose synthesis in wheat leaves. | experiments were carried out with fully expanded leaves from three-week-old seedlings of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) raised without no 3 (sup-) . nitrate was supplied to the leaves through the transpiration stream in the light. uptake of no 3 (sup-) was linear with no 3 (sup-) concentrations from 0 to 80 mm in the solution. net sucrose synthesis showed inverse relationships versus nitrate uptake, assimilation, and accumulation, with correlation coefficients close to 1. by contrast, no alteratio ... | 1991 | 24186279 |
| functional, structural and phylogenetic analysis of domains underlying the al sensitivity of the aluminum-activated malate/anion transporter, taalmt1. | triticum aestivum aluminum-activated malate transporter (taalmt1) is the founding member of a unique gene family of anion transporters (almts) that mediate the efflux of organic acids. a small sub-group of root-localized almts, including taalmt1, is physiologically associated with in planta aluminum (al) resistance. taalmt1 exhibits significant enhancement of transport activity in response to extracellular al. in this study, we integrated structure-function analyses of structurally altered taalm ... | 2013 | 24188189 |
| liquid chromatography-diode array detection to study the metabolism of glufosinate in triticum aestivum t-590 and influence of the genetic modification on its resistance. | the resistance to glufosinate of two lines-genetically modified (gm) and unmodified (t-590 and t-549, respectively)-of triticum aestivum has been studied. in the gm line, the bar gene was introduced to increase the resistance to glufosinate. experiments in a controlled growth chamber showed that line t-590 presented a high resistance to glufosinate with an ed50 value of 478.59 g active ingredient per hectare (g ai ha(-1)) versus 32.65 g ai ha(-1) for line t-549. the activity of glutamine synthet ... | 2013 | 24189348 |
| restriction fragment patterns of chloroplast and mitochondrial dna of dasypyvum villosum (l.) candargy and wheats. | to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships and cytoplasmic types, restriction endonuclease fragment patterns of chloroplast (cp) and mitochondrial (mt) dnas isolated from two different accessions of dasypyrum villosum (l.) candargy were compared with those of tetraploid wheat (triticum durum desf., pi265007), hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l., cv chinese spring), aegilops longissimum (s. and m., in muschli) bowden and hordeum vulgare l. t. aestivum and t. durum had identical restriction pat ... | 1993 | 24190190 |
| rflp-based genetic maps of the homoeologous group 5 chromosomes of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | 1993 | 24190195 | |
| recombination mapping of gli-5, a new gliadin-coding locus on chromosomes 1a and 1b in common wheat. | inheritance studies of gliadin loci on chromosomes 1a and 1b were carried out in the progeny from crosses between cv "salmone" and six other common wheat varieties. the map distance between the rg-1 locus for glume colour and the gliadin locus gli-b1 on the satellite of chromosome 1b was calculated as 2.0±0.6 cm. an additional gliadin locus, gli-b5, was mapped between gli-b1 and rg-1, 1.4 cm from the former. a genetic distance of 1.8±0.4 cm was obtained between the hg-1 locus for hairy glumes an ... | 1993 | 24190202 |
| expression of individual hmw glutenin subunit genes of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in relation to differences in the number and type of homoeologous subunits and differences in genetic background. | the amount of individual high-molecular-weight (hmw) glutenin subunits of bread-wheat has been studied in relation to variation at homoeologous loci and in the general genetic background. the relationships between glu-1 loci have been studied using nearisogenic lines (nils) of the variety sicco and in the progenies of two crosses. substitution of the sicco glu-d1 allele by a null-allele resulted in higher amounts of the homoeologous subunits. the presence of a glu-a1 nullallele did not have a no ... | 1993 | 24190214 |
| seed protein and isozyme variations in triticum tauschii (aegilops squarrosa). | sixty triticum tauschii (aegilops squarrosa, 2n=2x=14, dd) accessions were evaluated for the variability of high-molecular-weight (hmw) glutenins, gliadins and isozymes of seed esterase, β-amylase and glucose-phosphate isomerase. wide variability was observed for hmw-glutenins and gliadins. the implications of unique hmw-glutenin alleles for quality parameters are discussed. isozyme evaluations indicated more variability for the est-d (t) 5 locus as compared to the est-d5 of bread-wheat. the pol ... | 1993 | 24190222 |
| a self-fertile trigeneric hybrid,triticum aestivum ×agropyron michnoi ×secale cereale. | trigeneric hybrids between the (triticum aestivum ×agropyron michnoi) f1 (cm, 2n=5x=35; abdpp) and two winter rye (secale cereale l., 2n=2x=14; rr) cultivars, 'wugong 774' and 'ar-132', were synthesized. such trigeneric hybrids could be used to transfer resistance genes for powdery mildew from rye to cm and subsequently to common wheat and to identify (1) the effects of the p genome ofagropyron on the self-fertility of the hybrids and (2) the differences in genetic background between rye cultiva ... | 1993 | 24190263 |
| the genetic characterisation of novel multi-addition doubled haploid lines derived from triticale x wheat hybrids. | two novel 46-chromosome doubled haploid lines, w66 and m17, derived from separate hexaploid triticale x bread wheat crosses, were characterised using cytological and biochemical markers. both lines were shown to be relatively stable cytologically, over 11 and 8 generations of selfing, respectively. by examining mitotic and meiotic chromosomes, the stabilities of the two lines were shown to be similar with frequencies of 2n=46 in 74.2-85.5% of cells. however, over selfed generations, the rye chro ... | 1993 | 24190346 |
| molecular analysis of plants regenerated from embryogenic cultures of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | total dnas of plants regenerated from immature embryo-derived 2-month-old embryogenic calli of wheat (cultivars florida 302, chris, pavon, rh770019) were probed with six maize mitochondrial genes (atpa, atp6, apt9, coxi, coxii, rrn18-rrn5), three hypervariable wheat mitochondrial clones (k', k3, x2), five random pearl millet mitochondrial clones (4a9, 4d1, 4d12, 4e1, 4e11) and the often-used wheat nor locus probe (pta71), in order to assess the molecular changes induced in vitro. in addition, pr ... | 1994 | 24190468 |
| enhancement of the salt tolerance of triticum turgidum l. by the kna1 locus transferred from the triticum aestivum l. chromosome 4d by homoeologous recombination. | durum wheat, triticum turgidum l. (2n= 4x=28, genome formula aabb) is inferior to bread wheat, t. aestivum l. (2n=6x=42, genome formula aabbdd), in the ability to exclude na(+) under salt strees, in the ratio of the accumulated k(+) to na(+) in the leaves under salt stress, and in tolerance of salt stress. previous work showed that chromosome 4d has a major effect on na(+) and k(+) accumulation in the leaves of bread wheat. the 4d chromosome was recombined with chromosome 4b in the genetic backg ... | 1994 | 24190475 |
| polymorphism of omega-gliadins in durum wheat as revealed by the two-step apage/sds-page technique. | polymorphism of omega-gliadins was studied in 243 durum wheats from 27 countries using the two-step one-dimensional apage/sds-page technique. a total of 12 bands of different mobility were observed, and four of them were found to be different from those previously detected by khelifi et al. (1992) in bread wheat. fifteen alleles, six coded by the gli-a1 locus and nine coded by the gli-b1 locus, were identified, accounting for 19 different electrophoretic patterns. seven new alleles were detected ... | 1994 | 24190535 |
| organ-specific phosphorus-allocation patterns and transcript profiles linked to phosphorus efficiency in two contrasting wheat genotypes. | recent studies have identified genotypic variation in phosphorus (p) efficiency, but rarely have the underlying mechanisms been described at the molecular level. we demonstrate that the highly p-efficient wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivar chinese 80-55 maintains higher inorganic phosphate (pi ) concentrations in all organs upon pi withdrawal in combination with higher pi acquisition in the presence of pi when compared with the less-efficient cultivar machete. these findings correlated with d ... | 2014 | 24191900 |
| transformation of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) through electroporation of protoplasts. | protoplasts isolated from embryogenic suspension cultures of wheat (triticum aestivum cv. hartog) were electroporated in the presence of plasmid pemugn and/or pemupat, which contained the reporter gene gus and selectable marker gene bar, respectively. under optimised electroporation conditions, up to 0.9% of viable protoplasts displayed gus activity two days after electroporation. to select for phosphinothricin (ppt) resistant colonies, electroporated protoplasts were incubated for six weeks in ... | 1994 | 24192893 |
| genome analysis of intergeneric hybrids of apomictic and sexual australian elymus species with wheat, barley and rye: implication for the transfer of apomixis to cereals. | four hybrids were obtained between three australian elymus taxa and three cereal grains: wheat, rye, and barley. mean meiotic metaphase-i configurations were 41.14 i, 0.42 rod ii, 0.003 ring ii, and 0.01 iii for e. scabrus var 'plurinervis' x triticum aestivum (1 hybrid plant), 22.27 i, 2.63 rod ii, 0.06 ring ii, and 0.12 iii for e. scabrus var 'scabrus' x secale cereale (4 hybrid plants), and 26.65 i, 0.66 rod ii, 0.00 ring ii, and 0.01 iii for e. scabrus var 'plurinervis' x hordeum vulgare (13 ... | 0 | 24193471 |
| stabilization of tetraploid triticale with chromosomes from triticum aestivum (abd)(abd)rr (2n = 28). | f1 hybrids with the genome constitution abderr (2n = 6x = 42) or abde(ab)rr (2n = 7x = 49), selected from crosses between either an octoploid triticum aestivum/thinopyrum elongatun amphiploid and tetraploid secale cereale (aabbddee x rrrr) or autoallohexaploid triticale [aabbddee x (ab)(ab)rrrr], were backcrossed to tetraploid triticale (ab)(ab)rr and selfed for six generations. thirty-three different tetraploid f6 progenies were karyotyped using c-banding. the aneuploidy frequency was 6.6% with ... | 1993 | 24193483 |
| thinopyrum bessarabicum: biochemical and cytological markers for the detection of genetic introgression in its hybrid derivatives with triticum aestivum l. | thinopyrum bessarabicum (2n = 2x = 14, jj) with its unique property of salt tolerance provides a potential means for the transfer of this important and complex trait into cultivated wheat through intergeneric hybridization. to accomplish this, diagnostic markers for detecting the presence of th. bessarabicum chromosomes in a wheat background have to be established. the c-banded karyotype of th. bessarabicum distinctly identifies individual th. bessarabicum chromosomes and separates them from tho ... | 1993 | 24193484 |
| genetics of gliadins coded by the group 1 chromosomes in the high-quality bread wheat cultivar neepawa. | the inheritance and biochemical properties of gliadins controlled by the group 1 chromosomes of the high-quality bread wheat cultivar neepawa were studied in the progeny of the cross neepawa x costantino by six different electrophoretic procedures. chromosome 1b of neepawa contains two gliadin loci, one (gli-b1) coding for at least six ω- or γ-gliadins, the other (gli-b3) controlling the synthesis of gliadin n6 only. the map distance between these loci was calculated as 22.1 cm. amongst the chro ... | 1993 | 24193488 |
| immunochemical identification of lmw subunits of glutenin associated with bread-making quality of wheat flours. | a murine monoclonal antibody (ifrn 0067), one of a library developed against prolamin fractions fromtriticum aestivum, has been characterised using a combination of immunoassay and immunoblotting techniques. the antibody was specific for two glutenin polypeptides which appeared by 2-dimensional electrophoresis to belong to the b group of lmw subunits. from results of antibody-binding studies with material extracted from genetic stocks, it was deduced that the target polypeptides were encoded on ... | 1993 | 24193591 |
| specific binding of a hypersensitive lignification elicitor from puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici to the plasma membrane from wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | we have recently reported the isolation and characterization of a glycoprotein (mr 67 000) from germ-tube walls of puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici which elicits the cellular hypersensitive lignification response in wheat (g. kogel et al., 1988, physiol. mol. plant pathol. 33, 173-185). the present study uses this glycoprotein, referred to as pgt elicitor, to identify putative elicitor targets in wheat cell membranes. in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using anti-pgt elicitor antibodies, spec ... | 1991 | 24193616 |
| gibberellins and leaf expansion in near-isogenic wheat lines containing rht1 and rht3 dwarfing alleles. | in near-isogenic lines of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. maris huntsman) grown at 20° c under long days the reduced-height genes, rht1 (semi-dwarf) and rht3 (dwarf) reduced the rate of extension of leaf 2 by 12% and 52%, respectively, compared with corresponding rht (tall) lines. lowering the growing temperature from 20° to 10° c reduced the rate of linear extension of leaf 2 by 2.5-fold (60% reduction) in the rht3 line but by only 1.6-fold (36% reduction) in the rht3 line. for both geno ... | 1991 | 24193625 |
| cell aggregates in wheat suspension cultures and their effects on isolation and culture of protoplasts. | fine embryogenic suspension cultures of wheat (triticum aestivum cv hartog and timmo, and t. durum cv d6962) tend to grow into large cell clumps (1-3 mm), resulting in the formation of mixed suspension cultures consisting of both fine and large cell clumps. the cell clumps were separated according to their sizes and cultured as new lines to investigate their growth rate and differentiation potential and the effects of cell aggregate size on protoplast culture. the results showed that the fine cl ... | 1994 | 24193646 |
| analysis of the genotypic effect on different developmental pathways in wheat gametophyte cultures. | seven wheat cultivars and one wild subspecies triticum aestivum ssp. spelta were compared for their in vitro fertility and androgenetic capacity by studying their anther culture response and in vitro seed production. both haploid embryogenesis and in vitro seed set showed very wide genotype dependent variability in accordance with previous observations. at the same time, an analysis of the data showed a significant negative correlation between the in vitro androgenetic ability and the in vitro f ... | 1994 | 24193657 |
| characterisation of the wheat mr 15000 "grain-softness protein" and analysis of the relationship between its accumulation in the whole seed and grain softness. | the mr 15000 protein associated with water-washed wheat starch granules from soft wheats was shown to be heterogeneous: it could be divided into a fraction containing one or moreα-amylase inhibitor subunits and a fraction largely composed of a previously uncharacterised polypeptide(s) referred to as the "grainsoftness protein" (gsp). the major n-terminal sequence and sequences of peptides derived from protease digests of gsp are reported. an antiserum specific for gsp was used to show that gsp a ... | 1993 | 24193708 |
| pre-germination genotypic screening using pcr amplification of half-seeds. | a simple and rapid pcr-based method has been developed for determining the genotype of seeds before germination. single half-seeds of rice (oryza sativa l.) and wheat (triticum aestivum l. em. thell.) were preincubated, without grinding, in an aqueous extraction buffer. the resulting supernatants were then used in polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with oligonucleotide primers corresponding to rice single-copy sequences or a wheat microsatellite repeat. pcr products of identical size were amplified ... | 1993 | 24193778 |
| factors affecting transient gene expression in protoplasts isolated from very slowly growing embryogenic callus cultures of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | protoplasts isolated from embryogenic ('mustang' and 'chinese spring') and non-embryogenic ('mit') calli of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes transiently expressed β-glucuronidase (gus) activity when electroporated with a plasmid containing the gus gene and driven by an enhanced 35s promoter and a tmv leader sequence. conditions for the maximum expression of gus activity were: electroporation of the freshly isolated protoplasts at 250 vcm(-1) and 250 μf for 2 s using 50 μg/ml of plasmid dna ... | 1993 | 24193782 |
| cytological and molecular characterization of a chromosome interchange and addition lines in cadet involving chromosome 5b of wheat and 6ag of lophopyrum ponticum. | efforts to transfer wheat curl mite (eriophyes tulipae keifer) resistance from lophopyrum ponticum 10x (podb.) love to bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) have resulted in the production of a number of cytogenetic stocks, including an addition line of 6ag, a "ditelo" addition line, and a wheat-lophopyrum translocation line. characterization of these lines with c-banding, in situ hybridization with a lophopyrum species-specific repetitive dna probe (pleucd2), and southern blotting with pleucd2 and ... | 1993 | 24193877 |
| cultivar identification in t. aestivum using highly polymorphic rflp probes. | two probes, specific for hmw-glutenins and γ-gliadins have been used to identify 50 common wheat italian cultivars, most of which are closely related, and four common wheat cultivars originating outside italy. the probes revealed complex polymorphic patterns; three probe/enzyme combinations had the necessary sensitivity for the identification of all 54 cultivars. as already shown for potato and barley, the use of four-cutter restriction enzymes and polyacrylamide gels proved particularly useful ... | 1993 | 24193878 |
| allelic diversity of high-molecular-weight glutenin protein subunits in natural populations of dasypyrum villosum (l.) candargy. | dasypyrum villosum (l.) candargy (2n=14, v genome) is a wild, allogamous, diploid grass species that is a potential genetic resource for wheat improvement. the diversity of high-molecular-weight (hmw) glutenin subunits of the seed storage proteins of this species was examined in populations sampled in their natural habitats in italy and yugoslavia where the species is widely distributed. the results of selfed progeny tests confirmed that the allelic variation of hmw-glutenin subunits in d. villo ... | 1993 | 24193881 |
| genetic and environmental contributions to bread-wheat flour quality using the sds sedimentation test as an index. | the contribution of a locus to the genotypic variance depends not only on the effects of its genes but also on their frequency and on the genetic background in which it segregates. in two synthetic populations, involving common cultivars of our collection, estimates were made of the contributions of alleles at the homoeologous high-molecular-weight glutenin (hmw) loci, glu-a1, glu-b1, and glu-d1, to the variation in flour quality using sds sedimentation as an index. these estimates were of the m ... | 1993 | 24193886 |
| functional xylem anatomy in root-shoot junctions of six cereal species. | in cereals, the formation of safety zones in the root-shoot junction could protect the vessels of roots from embolism originating in the shoot. the root-shoot junction was examined both anatomically, with a light microscope, and experimentally, using a pressurized-air method, in the base of seminal and adventitious roots of maize (zea mays l. cv. seneca 60-ii), a corngrass mutation of maize (cg mutant), sorghum (sorghum bicolor l. cv. ho-pak), winter oats (avena sativa l. cv. ogle), spring wheat ... | 1991 | 24193938 |
| use of rflp markers for the identification of alleles of the pm3 locus conferring powdery mildew resistance in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the objective of this study was to identify molecular markers linked to genes for resistance to powdery mildew (pm) in wheat using a series of 'chancellor' near-isogenic-lines (nils), each having one powdery mildew resistance gene. a total of 210 probes were screened for their ability to detect polymorphism between the nils and the recurrent parent. one of these restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) markers (xwhs179) revealed polymorphism not only between the nils for the pm3 locus, bu ... | 1993 | 24194004 |
| pedigree assessment using rapd-dgge in cereal crop species. | the introduction of molecular biology methodologies to plant improvement programs offers an invaluable opportunity for extensive germplasm characterization. however, the detection of adequate dna polymorphism in self-pollinating species remains on obstacle. we have optimized a denaturing-gradient-gel electrophoresis (dgge) system which, when used in combination with random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis, greatly facilitates the detection of reproducible dna polymorphism among closely ... | 1993 | 24195921 |
| gamete composition and chromosome variation in pollen-derived plants from octoploid triticale x common wheat hybrids. | anther culture of secondary octoploid triticale (aabbddrr) and f1 hybrids (aabbddr) of octoploid triticale x common wheat crosses was carried out, and 96 pollen-derived plants were developed and studied cytologically. in addition to the 8 types of pollen-derived plants with the theoretically predicted chromosome number, plants with the chromosome constitutions of 2n = 38, 43, 45, 47, 74, and mixoploids were obtained. the haploids and the diploids had different distributions. the frequencies of p ... | 1993 | 24196036 |
| relp markers linked to two hessian fly-resistance genes in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) from triticum tauschii (coss.) schmal. | restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) markers linked to genes controlling hessian fly resistance from triticum tauschii (coss.) schmal. were identified for two wheat (triticum aestivum l.) germ plasm lines ks89wgrc3 (c3) and ks89wgrc6 (c6). forty-six clones with loci on chromosomes of homoeologous group 3 and 28 clones on those of group 6 were surveyed for polymorphisms. eleven and 12 clones detected t. tauschii loci in the two lines, respectively. analysis of f2 progenies indicated th ... | 1993 | 24196046 |
| effects of stripe rust on the evolution of genetically diverse wheat populations. | eighteen populations, composed of four wheat (triticum aestivum) varieties that were originally mixed together at equal frequencies, were grown for one-to-three generations at two locations. in addition, pure stands of the four varieties were grown in each year. populations were either exposed to two stripe rust (puccinia striiformis) races, protected from stripe rust, or exposed to alternating years of diseased and disease-free conditions. regression of the logit of a variety's frequency versus ... | 1993 | 24196054 |
| enhanced gus gene expression in cereal/grass cell suspensions and immature embryos using the maize uhiquitin-based plasmid pahc25. | transient gus (β-glucuronidase) expression was visualized in cell suspensions of triticum aestivum, zea mays, pennisetum glaucum, saccharum officinarum, pennisetum purpureum and panicum maximum after microprojectile bombardment with pbargus and pahc25 plasmid dnas. pbargus contains the gus (uida) gene coding region driven by the adh1 promoter and the adh1 intron 1, as well as the bar gene coding region driven by the camv 35s promoter and the adh1 intron 1. pahc25 contains the gus and bar gene co ... | 1993 | 24196107 |
| polymorphism and chromosomal location of endogenous α-amylase inhibitor genes in common wheat. | polymorphism of an endogenous α-amylase inhibitor in wheat was studied using iso-electric focusing followed by monoclonal antibody - based immunoblotting. ten isoforms of the inhibitor detected in common wheat and its wild counterparts were assigned to five homoeologous loci. three α-amylase inhibitor loci (isa-1) were identified in common wheat and located on the long arms of chromosomes 2a, 2b and 2d. in a sample of 27 bread wheats, eight durum wheats, and 12 diploid wheat relatives, amphiploi ... | 1993 | 24196156 |
| starch synthesis in developing wheat grain : the effect of light on endosperm starch synthesis in vitro and in vivo. | the effect of light on the in-vivo rate of starch synthesis in the endosperm of developing wheat (triticum aestivum cv. mardler) grain was studied. individual grains from spikelets grown on the same spike either in darkness or bright light showed no difference in their ability to accumulate radioactivity or to convert this to starch over a 14-h period. similarly, there was no difference in final grain dry weight between spikes which had been kept in either darkness or normal light from 10 d post ... | 1990 | 24196681 |
| regulation of α-amylase formation and gene expression in the developing wheat embryo : role of abscisic acid, the osmotic environment and gibberellin. | embryos in developing wheat (triticum aestivum l., cv. sappo) grains (15-40 d post anthesis, dpa) contain no detectable α-amylase. when isolated from the grain they produce the enzyme even though they do not germinate. younger (15 dpa) and older (45 dpa) embryos produce only a group of isozymes of low isoelectric point (pi): at intermediate ages low-pi and high-pi groups appear. the low-pi group is formed first, about 6 h after isolation, followed by the high-pi group at 16h. the formation of hi ... | 1990 | 24196805 |
| plant regeneration from isolated microspores of triticum aestivum. | wheat microspores were isolated, without prior anther culture, from a range of genotypes and cultured to regenerate self-fertile plants. microspores were isolated using a microblender and competent microspores were enriched by gradient centrifugation. the use of maltose as the sole carbohydrate in the culture medium and co-culture of microspores with wheat or barley ovaries were critical for development of microspore-derived embryos. results were also improved when spikes were pretreated by emer ... | 1993 | 24196852 |
| culture of and fertile plant regeneration from regenerable embryogenic suspension cell-derived protoplasts of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | regenerable embryogenic cell suspensions initiated from immature embryo-derived friable, fast growing, embryogenic calli of gk ságvári winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) served as sources of protoplasts, which were cultured in different liquid or agarose-solidified media. protocallus formation was best on km8p (kao and michayluk 1975) and gm (li and murai 1990) media, and protocallus growth on ms (murashige and skoog 1962) callus growing medium. green shoot/plant regeneration occurred on ms reg ... | 1993 | 24196857 |
| detection and partial characterization of two antigenically distinct β-amylases in developing kernels of wheat. | a β-amylase (ec 3.2.1.2) was identified in the outer pericarp (βp) of developing seeds of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and compared with the well known β-amylase which is synthesized during seed development in the starchy endosperm (βe). the enzyme βp already exists in the tissues before anthesis and vanishes at the time when βe starts to accumulate. the isoelectric-focusing patterns of βp and βe are very similar. the relative molecular weight (mr) of βp is slightly higher than that of βe (66 an ... | 1990 | 24196930 |
| mitochondrial gene expression during wheat leaf development. | the expression of specific mitochondrial, chloroplast and nuclear genes has been investigated in leaves of 7-d-old light-grown wheat (triticum aestivum cv. maris dove). in the wheat leaf there is a spatial separation of a temporal sequence of development from the basal meristem to the distal mature, photosynthetically competent cells. this sequence of cellular differentiation is paralleled by a functional differentiation in which the energy supply changes from oxidative phosphorylation in the no ... | 1990 | 24197191 |
| differing substomatal and chloroplastic co2 concentrations in water-stressed wheat. | gas exchanges of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. courtot) shoots were measured before and during a water stress. while photosynthesis, transpiration and dark respiration decreased because of the stress, photorespiration increased initially, up to a maximum of 50% above its initial value. the co2 concentration in the intercellular space was calculated from gas-diffusion resistances, and remained approximately constant before and during the stress. on the other hand, the co2 concentration in the c ... | 1990 | 24197193 |
| the composition of the cutin of the caryopses and leaves oftriticum aestivum l. | the outer layers (bran) of white wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. jubilar) caryopses contain several layers of lipophilic materials. it was the objective of the present work to establish the nature, composition and amounts of the lipid polymers of wheat bran and to compare it with leaf cutin. prior to analysis, the bran was isolated and divided into two fractions: (i) the inner bran containing the remnants of the nucellus, the seed coat and the inner layers of the pericarp, and (ii) the outer bra ... | 1990 | 24197199 |
| the modification of a common wheat-thinopyrum distichum translocated chromosome with a locus homoeoallelic to lr19. | the 'chinese spring' ph1b and ph2b mutants, as well as the nulli 5b tetra 5d stock were utilized in an attempt to effect homoeologous chromatin exchange between the 'indis' chromosome translocation [derived from thinopyrum distichum (thunb.) löve] and chromosome arm 7dl of common wheat. a homoeoallele of lr19 and linked genes for yellow flour-pigmentation were utilized as markers. seven selections with recombinations involving the foreign, translocated segment were recovered. four of these had w ... | 1992 | 24197231 |
| in vitro selection for russian wheat aphid (diuraphis noxia) resistance in wheat (triticum aestivum). | the russian wheat aphid (diuraphis noxia) is a pest on wheat (triticum aestivum) in many regions of the world. the aphid injects a phytotoxin when it feeds. identification of somaclonal variants with phytotoxin resistance may shorten development time for resistance. wheat calli from the susceptible cultivar 'stephens' were exposed to an extract from the aphid. five plants were regenerated from 100 treated calli. resistance to the aphid was observed in both the r2 and r3 generations. one of the s ... | 1993 | 24197254 |
| the location of major genes and associated quantitative trait loci on chromosome arm 5bl of wheat. | chromosome 5b of bread wheat is known to carry two major genes giving rise to genetic disorders, ne1 for hybrid necrosis and vg for winter variegation. additionally, in many european winter wheat varieties this chromosome is represented in a translocated form, with 5bl-7bl, 5bl-7bs chromosomes rather than the normal 5b and 7b forms of the standard variety chinese spring. genetic analysis has been carried out to map these genes and the translocation break point, and to investigate their pleiotrop ... | 1992 | 24197305 |
| influence of acetylcholine agonists and antagonists on the swelling of etiolated wheat (triticum aestivum l.) mesophyll protoplasts. | etiolated wheat (triticum aestivum l.) mesophyll protoplasts swell within 30 min in darkness after a red light (r) pulse or addition of acetylcholine (ach), if 0.5 mm cacl2 is present in the medium. in addition, ach is also able to induce swelling in the presence of both 0.1 mm kcl or nacl. besides ach, only carbamylcholine out of the choline derivatives tested was active in induction of swelling in the presence of k(+) or na(+). the k(+)/na(+)-dependent ach-induced protoplast swelling was nulli ... | 1990 | 24197365 |
| occurrence of mycotoxins in spelt and common wheat grain and their products. | organic farming does not allow the use of conventional mineral fertilizers and crop protection products. as a result, in our experiments we chose to grow different species of cereals and to see how cereal species affect mycotoxin accumulation. this study describes the occurrence of deoxynivalenol (don), zearalenone (zea) and t-2/ht-2 toxin in a survey of spelt and common wheat and their bran as well as flour. the analysis was conducted using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) method. t ... | 0 | 24199659 |
| isozyme and cytological markers of some psathyrostachys juncea accessions. | psathyrostachys juncea (synonymous to elymus junceus; 2n=2x=14, nn) has unique biotic and abiotic attributes that could contribute towards wheat improvement. the effectiveness of such an intergeneric hybridization program depends greatly on being able to establish diagnostic markers of the alien chromosomes. isoelectric focusing (ief) analyses of six enzyme systems have identified five biochemical markers - malate dehydrogenase (mdh), esterase (est), shikimate dehydrogenase (skdh), phosphoglucom ... | 1992 | 24201337 |
| moderately repeated, dispersed, and highly variable (mrdhv) genomic sequences of common wheat usable for cultivar identification. | a 4.1-kb dna clone (ptag546), which when used as a probe produces hypervariable dna fingerprints in common wheat, was found among the genomic clones of triticum aestivum cv 'chinese spring'. nulli-tetrasomic analyses revealed that the sequences hybridizing to this clone were located at 12 loci on ten chromosomes of the a, b, and d genomes of common wheat. the complete nucleotide sequence of ptag546 was shown to have a transposable element-like structure within it, though no open reading frame wa ... | 1992 | 24201338 |
| detection of dna sequence polymorphisms among wheat varieties. | a dna marker detection strategy that allows the rapid, efficient resolution of high levels of polymorphism among closely related lines of common wheat (triticum aestivum) has been developed to circumvent the apparent lack of restriction fragment length polymorphism in many important self-pollinated crop species. the technique of randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) was combined with a denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis system (dgge) to explore dna sequence polymorphisms among different ... | 1992 | 24201343 |
| production and cytogenetic analysis of bc1, bc 2, and bc 3 progenies of an intergeneric hybrid between triticum aestivum (l.) thell. and tetraploid agropyron cristatum (l.) gaertn. | intergeneric hybrids between triticum aestivum cv 'chinese spring' and agropyron cristatum 4x (2n= 5x=35, abdpp genomes) with a high level of homoeologous meiotic pairing between the wheat chromosomes were backcrossed 3 times to wheat. pollination of the f1 hybrid with 'chinese spring' resulted in 22 bc1 seeds with an average seed set of 1.52%. five bc1 plants with 39-41 chromosomes were raised using embryo rescue techniques. chromosome pairing in the bc1 was characterized by a high frequency of ... | 1992 | 24201360 |