Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| contribution of individual chemoreceptors to sinorhizobium meliloti chemotaxis towards amino acids of host and nonhost seed exudates. | plant seeds and roots exude a spectrum of molecules into the soil that attract bacteria to the spermosphere and rhizosphere, respectively. the alfalfa symbiont sinorhizobium meliloti utilizes eight chemoreceptors (mcpt to mcpz and icpa) to mediate chemotaxis. using a modified hydrogel capillary chemotaxis assay that allows data quantification and larger throughput screening, we defined the role of s. meliloti chemoreceptors in sensing its host, medicago sativa, and a closely related nonhost, med ... | 2016 | 26713349 |
| abundance, diversity and community composition of free-living protozoa on vegetable sprouts. | interactions with free-living protozoa (flp) have been implicated in the persistence of pathogenic bacteria on food products. in order to assess the potential involvement of flp in this contamination, detailed knowledge on their occurrence, abundance and diversity on food products is required. in the present study, enrichment and cultivation methods were used to inventory and quantify flp on eight types of commercial vegetable sprouts (alfalfa, beetroot, cress, green pea, leek, mung bean, red ca ... | 2016 | 26742616 |
| the effect of root exudate 7,4'-dihydroxyflavone and naringenin on soil bacterial community structure. | our goal was to investigate how root exudate flavonoids influence the soil bacterial community structure and to identify members of the community that change their relative abundance in response to flavonoid exudation. using a model system that approximates flavonoid exudation of medicago sativa roots, we treated a soil with 7,4'-dihydroxyflavone and naringenin in two separate experiments using three different rates: medium (equivalent to the exudation rate of 7,4'-dihydroxyflavone from m. sativ ... | 2016 | 26752410 |
| performances of survival, feeding behavior, and gene expression in aphids reveal their different fitness to host alteration. | insect populations feeding on different plant species are under selection pressure to adapt to these differences. a study integrating elements of the ecology, behavior, and gene expression of aphids on different host plants has not yet been well-explored. the present study explores the relationship between host fitness and survival, feeding behavior, and salivary gland gene expression of a pea (pisum sativum) host race of acyrthosiphon pisum feeding on a common host vicia faba and on three genet ... | 2016 | 26758247 |
| genomic resources for identification of the minimal n2 -fixing symbiotic genome. | the lack of an appropriate genomic platform has precluded the use of gain-of-function approaches to study the rhizobium-legume symbiosis, preventing the establishment of the genes necessary and sufficient for symbiotic nitrogen fixation (snf) and potentially hindering synthetic biology approaches aimed at engineering this process. here, we describe the development of an appropriate system by reverse engineering sinorhizobium meliloti. using a novel in vivo cloning procedure, the enga-trna-rmlc ( ... | 2016 | 26768651 |
| diversity, frequency and geographic distribution of facultative bacterial endosymbionts in introduced aphid pests. | facultative bacterial endosymbionts in insects have been under intense study during the last years. endosymbionts can modify the insect's phenotype, conferring adaptive advantages under environmental stress. this seems particularly relevant for a group of worldwide agricultural aphid pests, because endosymbionts modify key fitness related traits, including host plant use, protection against natural enemies and heat tolerance. aimed to understand the role of facultative endosymbionts on the succe ... | 2016 | 26773849 |
| effects of forage family on apparent ruminal synthesis of b vitamins in lactating dairy cows. | effects of forage family (legume vs. grass) on apparent ruminal synthesis (ars) and postruminal supply of b vitamins were evaluated in 2 experiments. diets containing either alfalfa (al) or orchardgrass (og) silages as the sole forage were offered to ruminally and duodenally cannulated lactating holstein cows in crossover design experiments. experiment 1 compared diets containing al and og [~23% forage neutral detergent fiber (ndf) and ~27% total ndf] offered to 8 cows in two 15-d treatment peri ... | 2016 | 26774713 |
| effects of lactic acid bacteria with bacteriocinogenic potential on the fermentation profile and chemical composition of alfalfa silage in tropical conditions. | the fermentation profile, chemical composition, and microbial populations of alfalfa silages treated with microbial inoculants (mi) at different fermentation periods (t) were evaluated in tropical conditions. a 4×6 factorial arrangement was used in a randomized design with 3 replicates. fresh alfalfa was treated with (1) no treatment (ctrl), (2) commercial inoculant (cin), (3) pediococcus acidilactici (strain 10.6, s1), and (4) pediococcus pentosaceus (strain 6.16, s2). an inoculant application ... | 2016 | 26774723 |
| insight into the salivary gland transcriptome of lygus lineolaris (palisot de beauvois). | the tarnished plant bug (tpb), lygus lineolaris (palisot de beauvois) is a polyphagous, phytophagous insect that has emerged as a major pest of cotton, alfalfa, fruits, and vegetable crops in the eastern united states and canada. using its piercing-sucking mouthparts, tpb employs a "lacerate and flush" feeding strategy in which saliva injected into plant tissue degrades cell wall components and lyses cells whose contents are subsequently imbibed by the tpb. it is known that a major component of ... | 2016 | 26789269 |
| examination of commercially available copper oxide wire particles in combination with albendazole for control of gastrointestinal nematodes in lambs. | control of gastrointestinal nematodes (gin) remains a critical issue due to the prevalence of anthelmintic resistance. the objective of the experiment was to determine the efficacy of copper oxide wire particles (cowp) from three commercial sources and a combination of cowp and albendazole to control gin and/or haemonchus contortus in lambs. naturally infected katahdin lambs in early june 2014 and 2015 were randomly assigned to receive no cowp (con; n=9 and 12) or 2g cowp in a gel capsule as cop ... | 2016 | 26790729 |
| functional characterization of a glycine soja ca(2+)atpase in salt-alkaline stress responses. | it is widely accepted that ca(2+)atpase family proteins play important roles in plant environmental stress responses. however, up to now, most researches are limited in the reference plants arabidopsis and rice. the function of ca(2+)atpases from non-reference plants was rarely reported, especially its regulatory role in carbonate alkaline stress responses. hence, in this study, we identified the p-type ii ca(2+)atpase family genes in soybean genome, determined their chromosomal location and gen ... | 2016 | 26801329 |
| metabolic engineering of proanthocyanidin production by repressing the isoflavone pathways and redirecting anthocyanidin precursor flux in legume. | mtpar is a proanthocyanidin (pa) biosynthesis regulator; the mechanism underlying its promotion of pa biosynthesis is not fully understood. here, we showed that mtpar promotes pa production by a direct repression of biosynthesis of isoflavones, the major flavonoids in legume, and by redirecting immediate precursors, such as anthocyanidins, flux into pa pathway. ectopic expression of mtpar repressed isoflavonoid production by directly binding and suppressing isoflavone biosynthetic genes such as ... | 2016 | 26806316 |
| sinorhizobium meliloti low molecular mass phosphotyrosine phosphatase smc02309 modifies activity of the udp-glucose pyrophosphorylase exon involved in succinoglycan biosynthesis. | in gram-negative bacteria, tyrosine phosphorylation has been shown to play a role in the control of exopolysaccharide (eps) production. this study demonstrated that the chromosomal orf smc02309 from sinorhizobium meliloti 2011 encodes a protein with significant sequence similarity to low molecular mass protein-tyrosine phosphatases (lmw-ptps), such as the escherichia coli wzb. unlike other well-characterized eps biosynthesis gene clusters, which contain neighbouring lmw-ptps and kinase, the s. m ... | 2016 | 26813656 |
| selection of food combinations to optimize survival, growth, and reproduction of the amphipod hyalella azteca in static-renewal, water-only laboratory exposures. | although standardized sediment toxicity testing methods have been developed for the amphipod hyalella azteca, no standardized chronic water-only toxicity testing methods have been established. furthermore, optimal feeding and water quality conditions for culturing and toxicity testing with this species remained unclear. the objective of the present study was to determine the food or combination of foods that best promotes survival, growth, and reproduction of the us lab strain of hyalella azteca ... | 2016 | 26823001 |
| l-hydroxyproline and d-proline catabolism in sinorhizobium meliloti. | sinorhizobium meliloti forms n2-fixing root nodules on alfalfa, and as a free-living bacterium, it can grow on a very broad range of substrates, including l-proline and several related compounds, such as proline betaine, trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline (trans-4-l-hyp), and cis-4-hydroxy-d-proline (cis-4-d-hyp). fourteen hyp genes are induced upon growth of s. meliloti on trans-4-l-hyp, and of those, hypmnpq encodes an abc-type trans-4-l-hyp transporter and hypre encodes an epimerase that converts tran ... | 2016 | 26833407 |
| effects of physical form of starter and forage provision to young calves on blood metabolites, liver composition and intestinal morphology. | this study evaluated the effects of physical form of starter feed and forage provision on the performance, blood metabolites, liver composition and intestinal morphology of dairy calves. individually housed calves (n = 52; body weight = 41.5 ± 2.5 kg) were randomly allocated (n = 13 per treatment) to one of the following four treatments: (i) ground starter feed (gs; mean particle size = 0.72 mm in diameter), (ii) textured starter feed (ts; mean particle size = 3.61 mm in diameter, including stea ... | 2016 | 26841335 |
| transcriptome-enabled discovery and functional characterization of enzymes related to (2s)-pinocembrin biosynthesis from ornithogalum caudatum and their application for metabolic engineering. | (2s)-pinocembrin is a chiral flavanone with versatile pharmacological and biological activities. its health-promoting effects have spurred on research effects on the microbial production of (2s)-pinocembrin. however, an often-overlooked salient feature in the analysis of microbial (2s)-pinocembrin is its chirality. | 2016 | 26846670 |
| lactation performance of dairy cows fed yeast-derived microbial protein in low- and high-forage diets. | the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of substituting soybean meal products with yeast-derived microbial protein (ymp) on lactation performance in diets containing 2 forage-to-concentrate ratios. sixteen holstein cows (4 primiparous and 12 multiparous) were randomly assigned to multiple 4 × 4 latin squares with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. diets contained low (lf; 45% of diet dm) or high forage (hf; 65% of diet dm) and ymp at 0 (nymp) or 2.25% (wymp) of the di ... | 2016 | 26851859 |
| characterization of the plant growth promoting bacterium, enterobacter cloacae msr1, isolated from roots of non-nodulating medicago sativa. | the aim of the present study was to characterize the endophytic bacterial strain designated msr1 that was isolated from inside the non-nodulating roots of medicago sativa after surface-sterilization. msr1 was identified as enterobacter cloacae using both 16s rdna gene sequence analysis and api20e biochemical identification system (biomerieux, france). furthermore, this bacterium was characterized using api50ch kit (biomerieux, france) and tested for antibacterial activities against some food bor ... | 2015 | 26858542 |
| medicago truncatula gaertn. as a model for understanding the mechanism of growth promotion by bacteria from rhizosphere and nodules of alfalfa. | the present study showed all the 16 strains isolated and identified from the alfalfa rhizosphere and nodules, and registered in genbank, to be good candidates for targeted use in studies addressing the rather weak known mechanism of plant growth promotion, including that of medicago truncatula, a molecular crop model. based on physiological, biochemical and molecular analysis, the 16 isolates obtained were ascribed to the following five families: bacillaceae, rhizobiaceae, xantomonadaceae, enter ... | 2016 | 26861677 |
| draft genome sequence of pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae alf3 isolated from alfalfa. | we report here the annotated draft genome sequence of pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae strain alf3, isolated in wyoming. a comparison of this genome sequence with those of closely related strains of p. syringae adapted to other hosts will facilitate research into interactions between this pathogen and alfalfa. | 2016 | 26868403 |
| effects of forage offering method on performance, rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility and nutritional behaviour in holstein dairy calves. | the potential effect of dietary forage supplementation on the performance and rumen development in dairy calves is well established. however, limited research has been directed to the comparative effects of forage offering methods on calf performance. the objective of the present study was to determine the effects of forage provision methods (total mixed ration or free choice) on the performance, nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation and nutritional behaviour in newborn calves. forty-five h ... | 2016 | 26869510 |
| mrna biogenesis-related helicase eif4aiii from arabidopsis thaliana is an important factor for abiotic stress adaptation. | similar to other plant species, arabidopsis has a huge repertoire of predicted helicases, including the eif4aiii factor, a putative component of the exon junction complex related to mrna biogenesis. in this article, we integrated evolutionary and functional approaches to have a better understanding of eif4aiii function in plants. phylogenetic analysis showed that the mrna biogenesis-related helicase eif4aiii is the ortholog of the stress-related helicases pdh45 from pisum sativum and mh1 from me ... | 2016 | 26883227 |
| concerns over use of glyphosate-based herbicides and risks associated with exposures: a consensus statement. | the broad-spectrum herbicide glyphosate (common trade name "roundup") was first sold to farmers in 1974. since the late 1970s, the volume of glyphosate-based herbicides (gbhs) applied has increased approximately 100-fold. further increases in the volume applied are likely due to more and higher rates of application in response to the widespread emergence of glyphosate-resistant weeds and new, pre-harvest, dessicant use patterns. gbhs were developed to replace or reduce reliance on herbicides cau ... | 2016 | 26883814 |
| contributions of sinorhizobium meliloti transcriptional regulator dksa to bacterial growth and efficient symbiosis with medicago sativa. | the stringent response, mediated by the (p)ppgpp synthetase rela and the rna polymerase-binding protein dksa, is triggered by limiting nutrient conditions. for some bacteria, it is involved in regulation of virulence. we investigated the role of two dksa-like proteins from the gram-negative nitrogen-fixing symbiont sinorhizobium meliloti in free-living culture and in interaction with its host plant medicago sativa the two paralogs, encoded by the genes smc00469 and smc00049, differ in the consti ... | 2016 | 26883825 |
| hmus and hmuq of ensifer/sinorhizobium meliloti degrade heme in vitro and participate in heme metabolism in vivo. | ensifer meliloti is a nitrogen-fixing symbiont of the alfalfa legume able to use heme as an iron source. the transport mechanism involved in heme acquisition in e. meliloti has been identified and characterized, but the fate of heme once inside the cell is not known. in silico analysis of e. meliloti 1021 genome revealed no canonical heme oxygenases although two genes encoding putative heme degrading enzymes, smc01518 and hmus, were identified. smc01518 is similar to hmuq of bradyrhizobium japon ... | 2016 | 26906560 |
| the coat protein of alfalfa mosaic virus interacts and interferes with the transcriptional activity of the bhlh transcription factor ilr3 promoting salicylic acid-dependent defence signalling response. | during virus infection, specific viral component-host factor interaction elicits the transcriptional reprogramming of diverse cellular pathways. alfalfa mosaic virus (amv) can establish a compatible interaction in tobacco and arabidopsis hosts. we show that the coat protein (cp) of amv interacts directly with transcription factor (tf) ilr3 of both species. ilr3 is a basic helix-loop-helix (bhlh) family member of tfs, previously proposed to participate in diverse metabolic pathways. ilr3 has been ... | 2017 | 26929142 |
| strigolactones in the rhizobium-legume symbiosis: stimulatory effect on bacterial surface motility and down-regulation of their levels in nodulated plants. | strigolactones (sls) are multifunctional molecules acting as modulators of plant responses under nutrient deficient conditions. one of the roles of sls is to promote beneficial association with arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi belowground under such stress conditions, mainly phosphorus shortage. recently, a role of sls in the rhizobium-legume symbiosis has been also described. while sls' function in am symbiosis is well established, their role in the rhizobium-legume interaction is still emergi ... | 2016 | 26940496 |
| transient endophytic colonizations of plants improve the outcome of foliar applications of mycoinsecticides against chewing insects. | the current work reports how spray application of entomopathogenic fungi on alfalfa, tomato and melon plants may cause an additional spodoptera littoralis larvae mortality due to a temporal colonization of the leaves and subsequent ingestion of those leaves by the larvae. most entomopathogenic fungi (ef) (ascomycota: hypocreales) endophytes seem to colonize their host plants in a non-systemic pattern, in which case at least a transient endophytic establishment of the fungus should be expected in ... | 2016 | 26945771 |
| improving the performance of dairy cattle with a xylanase-rich exogenous enzyme preparation. | the objective of this experiment was to examine effects of adding 2 exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (efe) to the total mixed ration (tmr) on the performance of lactating dairy cows (experiment 1) and the kinetics of ruminal degradation of the diet (experiment 2). twelve efe had been screened in a series of in vitro assays that identified the most potent efe and their optimal doses for increasing the digestibility of bermudagrass. in experiment 1, 66 holstein cows (21±5 d in milk) were grouped by pr ... | 2016 | 26947292 |
| effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows. | previous research has shown that both sunflower seed (sf) and sucrose (sc) supplementation can result in variation in milk fat concentration and composition, possibly due to altered fermentation patterns and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen. the objective of this study was to determine the effects of different sugar concentrations with or without sf supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows. eight multiparous h ... | 2016 | 26971160 |
| skeletal muscle and hepatic insulin signaling is maintained in heat-stressed lactating holstein cows. | multiparous cows (n=12; parity=2; 136±8 d in milk, 560±32kg of body weight) housed in climate-controlled chambers were fed a total mixed ration (tmr) consisting primarily of alfalfa hay and steam-flaked corn. during the first experimental period (p1), all 12 cows were housed in thermoneutral conditions (18°c, 20% humidity) with ad libitum intake for 9 d. during the second experimental period (p2), half of the cows were fed for ad libitum intake and subjected to heat-stress conditions [wfhs, n=6; ... | 2016 | 26971163 |
| sinorhizobium meliloti functionally replaces 3-oxoacyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (fabg) by overexpressing nodg during fatty acid synthesis. | in sinorhizobium meliloti, the nodg gene is located in the nodfeg operon of the symbiotic plasmid. although strong sequence similarity (53% amino acid identities) between s. meliloti nodg and escherichia coli fabg was reported in 1992, it has not been determined whether s. meliloti nodg plays a role in fatty acid synthesis. we report that expression of s. meliloti nodg restores the growth of the e. coli fabg temperature-sensitive mutant cl104 under nonpermissive conditions. using in vitro assays ... | 2016 | 26975437 |
| metals in agricultural produce associated with acid-mine drainage in mount morgan (queensland, australia). | acid-mine drainage (amd) into the dee river from the historic gold and copper mine in mount morgan, queensland (australia) has been of concern to farmers in the area since 1925. this study sought to determine the levels of amd-related metals and sulfur in agricultural produce grown near the mine-impacted dee river, compare these with similar produce grown in reference fields (which had no known amd influence), and assess any potential health risk using relevant australian or us guidelines. analy ... | 2016 | 26979303 |
| optimal management of on-farm resources in small-scale dairy systems of central mexico: model development and evaluation. | this study evaluates the available on-farm resources of five case studies typified as small-scale dairy systems in central mexico. a comprehensive mixed-integer linear programming model was developed and applied to two case studies. the optimal plan suggested the following: (1) instruction and utilization of maize silage, (2) alfalfa hay making that added us$140/ha/cut to the total net income, (3) allocation of land to cultivated pastures in a ratio of 27:41(cultivated pastures/maize crop) rathe ... | 2016 | 26992734 |
| optimizing fluctuating thermal regime storage of developing megachile rotundata (hymenoptera: megachilidae). | the alfalfa leafcutting bee, megachile rotundata (f.), is the primary pollinator for alfalfa seed production in north america. under current management practice, developing pupae are incubated at 29-30°c until the adults emerge for pollination. if unfavorable spring weather delays peak alfalfa bloom, managers will cool pupae to slow development, which can increase mortality and causes sublethal effects. previously, we demonstrated that exposure to a fluctuating thermal regime (ftr) increases sur ... | 2016 | 26994099 |
| effect of exchanging onobrychis viciifolia and lotus corniculatus for medicago sativa on ruminal fermentation and nitrogen turnover in dairy cows. | the objective of the study was to determine the effect of feeding sainfoin (sf; onobrychis viciifolia) and birdsfoot trefoil (bt; lotus corniculatus), 2 temperate climate forage legumes that contain condensed tannins (ct), on ruminal fermentation and n turnover in dairy cows. six ruminally cannulated multiparous dairy cows (milk yield=40kg/d; 36 d in milk) were used in a replicated 3×3 latin square design. all animals were fed basal diets containing 20% pelleted sf (223g of ct/kg of dry matter), ... | 2016 | 26995129 |
| production, composition, and oxidative stability of milk highly enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids from dairy cows fed alfalfa protein concentrate or supplemental vitamin e. | given its elevated content of carotenoids, alfalfa protein concentrates (apc) have the potential to prevent oxidation of milk enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids. the effects of feeding apc or supplemental vitamin e on production, composition, and oxidative stability of milk enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids were evaluated using 6 lactating holstein cows (224±18d in milk) in a replicated 3×3 latin square (21-d periods, 14d for adaptation). treatment diets contained (dry matter basis) ( ... | 2016 | 26995133 |
| a multiplex pcr assay for the detection and quantification of sclerotinia sclerotiorum and botrytis cinerea. | traditional culture methods for identifying the plant fungal pathogens sclerotinia sclerotiorum (lib.) de bary and botrytis cinerea pers.:fr. are slow and laborious. the goal of this study was to develop a multiplex real-time pcr (qpcr) assay to detect and quantify dna from s. sclerotiorum and b. cinerea. a primer set (ssigs_5) for s. sclerotiorum was designed that targeted the intergenic spacer (igs) regions of the ribosomal dna. addition of a probe to the assay increased its specificity: when ... | 2016 | 26997098 |
| expression of the sinorhizobium meliloti small rna gene mmgr is controlled by the nitrogen source. | small non-coding regulatory rnas (srnas) are key players in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. hundreds of srnas have been identified in sinorhizobium meliloti, but their biological function remains unknown for most of them. in this study, we characterized the expression pattern of the gene encoding the 77-nt srna mmgr in s. meliloti strain 2011. a chromosomal transcriptional reporter fusion (pmmgr-gfp) showed that the mmgr promoter is active along different stages of the intera ... | 2016 | 27010014 |
| biochemical production of bioenergy from agricultural crops and residue in iran. | the present study assessed the potential for biochemical conversion of energy stored in agricultural waste and residue in iran. the current status of agricultural residue as a source of bioenergy globally and in iran was investigated. the total number of publications in this field from 2000 to 2014 was about 4294. iran ranked 21st with approximately 54 published studies. a total of 87 projects have been devised globally to produce second-generation biofuel through biochemical pathways. there are ... | 2016 | 27012716 |
| incorporating mixed rations and formulated grain mixes into the diet of grazing cows: effects on milk composition and coagulation properties, and the yield and quality of cheddar cheese. | effects of different strategies for feeding supplements to grazing dairy cows on the composition and coagulation properties of milk and the subsequent yield and quality of cheddar cheese were measured. the experiment used milk from 72 holstein-friesian cows, averaging 45d in milk, fed according to 1 of 3 feeding strategies: (1) cows grazed a restricted allowance of perennial ryegrass pasture [approximately 14kg of dry matter (dm)/cow per day, to ground level] supplemented with milled wheat grain ... | 2016 | 27016826 |
| control of escherichia coli o157:h7 in contaminated alfalfa silage: effects of silage additives. | this study was conducted to examine if adding microbial inoculants or propionic acid to alfalfa silages contaminated with escherichia coli o157:h7 would inhibit the growth of the pathogen during or after ensiling. alfalfa forage was harvested at the early bloom stage, wilted to a dry matter concentration of 54%, chopped to 19-mm lengths, and ensiled after treatment with one of the following: (1) distilled water (control); (2) 1×10(5) cfu/g of e. coli o157:h7 (ec); (3) ec and 1×10(6) cfu/g of lac ... | 2016 | 27040788 |
| alfalfa hay induced primary photosensitization in horses. | photosensitization, also known as photodermatitis, occurs when phototoxic or photoactive substances accumulate in the skin and interact with sunlight to result in an often severe, crusting, itching or painful dermatitis in unpigmented and/or lightly haired areas of the skin. primary photosensitization, caused by direct ingestion of photosensitizing agents, has been reported anecdotally in horses after ingestion of alfalfa hay. between 2004 and 2014, several large outbreaks of primary photosensit ... | 2016 | 27040919 |
| above-belowground herbivore interactions in mixed plant communities are influenced by altered precipitation patterns. | root- and shoot-feeding herbivores have the capacity to influence one another by modifying the chemistry of the shared host plant. this can alter rates of nutrient mineralization and uptake by neighboring plants and influence plant-plant competition, particularly in mixtures combining grasses and legumes. root herbivory-induced exudation of nitrogen (n) from legume roots, for example, may increase n acquisition by co-occurring grasses, with knock-on effects on grassland community composition. li ... | 2016 | 27047522 |
| milk production in dairy goats supplemented with different levels of ruminally protected methionine. | the objective of the study reported in this research communication was to evaluate graded levels of ruminally protected methionine (rpm) in dairy goat rations on milk production and live weight changes during 155 d of lactation. twenty-five primiparous dairy goats (crosses of toggenburg, french alpine and saanen; 45·4 ± 1·0 kg bw) were fed a basal diet (10·10% cp, 6·13 dp and 2·34 mcal/kg me) of corn silage, oat hay, alfalfa hay and concentrate (80% forage, 20% concentrate). after kidding, the t ... | 2016 | 27048778 |
| effect of maturity at harvest for whole-crop barley and oat on dry matter intake, sorting, and digestibility when fed to beef cattle. | the objectives were to evaluate the effect of harvest maturity of whole-crop oat (study 1) and whole-crop barley (study 2) on forage intake and sorting, ruminal fermentation, ruminal digestibility, and total tract digestibility when fed to beef heifers. in study 1, 3 ruminally cannulated heifers (417 ± 5 kg) were used in a 3 × 3 latin square design with 24-d periods. whole-crop oat forage harvested at the late milk (lmilk), hard dough (hd), or ripe (rp) stages was fed for ad libitum intake and h ... | 2016 | 27065140 |
| interaction between a tannin-containing legume and endophyte-infected tall fescue seed on lambs' feeding behavior and physiology. | it was hypothesized that a tannin-rich legume such as sainfoin attenuates the negative postingestive effects of ergot alkaloids in tall fescue. thirty-two 4-mo-old lambs were individually penned and randomly assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with 2 legume species, sainfoin (san; 2.9% condensed tannins) or cicer milkvetch (cic; without tannins) and a mixed ration containing tall fescue seed (50:30:20 seed:beet pulp:alfalfa) with 2 levels of endophyte infection (endophyte-infected tall fes ... | 2016 | 27065155 |
| effect of different alfalfa hay levels on growth performance, rumen fermentation, and structural growth of holstein dairy calves. | introducing forage in dairy calf diets during the preweaning period stimulates development of rumen capacity and function and gut wall integrity. it was hypothesized that calves fed alfalfa hay (ah) at greater levels (up to 25% of dm) would result in an increase in starter diet intake and growth performance. the objective of this study was to determine the effects of increasing levels of supplemental ah on growth performance, rumen fermentation, blood metabolites, and feeding behavior in intact ... | 2016 | 27065275 |
| using sweet bran instead of forage during grain adaptation in finishing feedlot cattle. | two trials evaluated adapting cattle to a finishing diet using wet corn gluten feed compared with traditional methods using forage. a 33-d grain adaptation metabolism trial (exp. 1) compared decreasing wet corn gluten feed (sweet bran; corn milling unit, cargill corn milling, blair, ne) while increasing corn inclusion (sb) and a traditional grain adaptation system decreasing alfalfa hay while increasing corn with no sweet bran inclusion (con). ruminal ph, intake characteristics, and 24-h in situ ... | 2016 | 27065276 |
| enhancement of growth performance in pre-weaning suckling boer kids supplemented with creep feed containing alfalfa. | this study examined the effects of creep feed (cf) supplementation (with or without alfalfa) on the pre-weaning growth performance of nursing goat kids. | 2015 | 27065636 |
| prediction of rumen fiber pool in cattle from dietary, fecal, and animal variables. | feed intake control in ruminants is based on the integration of physical constraints and metabolic feedbacks. physical constraints are related to the fill caused by the weight or volume of digesta in the reticulo-rumen. the amount of neutral detergent fiber (ndf) in the rumen (rndf) may be used as an indicator of rumen fill. the objective of this study was to develop equations predicting rndf from diet and animal characteristics using a meta-analysis technique. a treatment mean data set (n=314) ... | 2016 | 27085408 |
| a potent phytotoxic substance in aglaia odorata lour. | aglaia odorata lour. (meliaceae) was found to have very strong allelopathic activity and a bioherbicide porganic(™) was developed from its leaf extracts. however, the phytotoxic substances causing the strong allelopathic activity of the plants have not yet been determined. therefore, we investigated allelopathic properties and phytotoxic substances in a. odorata. aqueous etoh extracts of a. odorata leaves inhibited root and shoot growth of garden cress (lepidum sativum), lettuce (lactuca sativa) ... | 2016 | 27088639 |
| rodent food quality and its relation to crops and other environmental and population parameters in an agricultural landscape. | the diet, its quality and quantity considerably influence population parameters of rodents. in this study, we used nirs methods for estimation of nitrogen content in stomachs of rodent populations. the study was carried out in diverse arable landscape in south moravia, czech republic. rodents were sampled in cultural crops (alfalfa, barley, wheat, sunflower, maize and rape) as well as in fallow habitats (herbal set-aside and old orchard). influence of habitat, date, year, individual parameters ( ... | 2016 | 27099997 |
| brazilian propolis extract used as an additive to decrease methane emissions from the rumen microbial population in vitro. | propolis is a product that is rich in phenolic compounds and can be utilized in animal nutrition as a dietary additive. in this study, the effects of a brazilian green propolis extract on rumen fermentation and gas production were determined. the fate of propolis phenolic compounds in the rumen medium was also investigated. fermentation was done in 24-h batches over three periods. inoculates were obtained from cows fed on grassland hay and concentrate. propolis extract in a hydroalcoholic soluti ... | 2016 | 27105625 |
| sustainability evaluation of pasteurized milk production with a life cycle assessment approach: an iranian case study. | agro-food systems play a significant role in the economies of all nations due to energy use and the resulting environmental consequences. the sustainability of these systems is determined by a multitude of interacting economic, social and environmental factors. dairy production presents a relevant example of the sustainability trade-offs that occur within such systems. on the one hand, dairy production constitutes an important part of the human diet, but it is also responsible for significant em ... | 2016 | 27110976 |
| effect of ensiling process of total mixed ration on fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet. | this experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (tmr) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (br) during storage. tmrs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or br at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (dm) basis). each tmr was placed in a plastic drum silo, stored at ... | 2017 | 27113019 |
| dietary supplementation of rosmarinus officinalis l. leaves in sheep affects the abundance of rumen methanogens and other microbial populations. | rumen microbiome has a great influence on ruminant health and productivity. different plant extracts have been tested for their ability to modulate the rumen microbiome to improve feed digestion and fermentation. among the evaluated plant extracts, essential oils, tannins, and saponins appeared to have positive effects on rumen protein metabolism, volatile fatty acids production, and methane and ammonia production. | 2016 | 27123239 |
| deviation from the formulated target weight of ingredients loaded into high milk yield cow recipes on california dairies. | nutrient composition of the feed and formulated ration often differ depending on uncertainties in dm content and nutrient composition of ingredients, as well as from feeder errors during loading. the objective of this study was to describe the deviation from target weight for the high-producing cow ration (hcr) and premix (hcp) on 26 california dairies ranging in size from 1,100 to 6,900 cows. records from a consecutive 12-mo period were extracted from feedwatch 7 (valley agricultural software i ... | 2016 | 27132099 |
| the effects of calcium hydroxide-treated whole-plant and fractionated corn silage on intake, digestion, and lactation performance in dairy cows. | the objective of this trial was to evaluate, in dairy cattle, the effects of calcium hydroxide treatment of whole-plant corn and a treatment applied to the bottom stalk fraction of the corn plant, achieved by harvesting corn in 2 crop streams. the treatments were calcium hydroxide-treated corn silage (trtcs), toplage supplemented with calcium hydroxide-treated stalklage (tpl), a positive control of brown midrib corn silage (bmr), and a negative control of conventional whole-plant corn silage (wp ... | 2016 | 27157570 |
| phytotoxic and antimicrobial activity of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds from the endophyte hypoxylon anthochroum strain blaci isolated from bursera lancifolia (burseraceae). | to evaluate the phytotoxic, antifungal and antioomycete activity; and, determine the chemical composition of the volatile organic compounds (vocs) and semi-volatile metabolites produced by the endophyte hypoxylon anthochroum strain blaci isolated from bursera lancifolia. | 2016 | 27159426 |
| a field study on heavy metals phytoattenuation potential of monocropping and intercropping of maize and/or legumes in weakly alkaline soils. | the study focused on the phytoattenuation effects of monocropping and intercropping of maize (zea mays) and/or legumes on cu, zn, pb, and cd in weakly alkaline soils. nine growth stages of monocropping maize were chosen to study the dynamic process of extraction of heavy metals. the total content of heavy metals extracted by the aerial part of monocropped maize increased in a sigmoidal pattern over the effective accumulative temperature. the biggest biomass, highest extraction content, and lowes ... | 2016 | 27159531 |
| phytotoxic potential of secondary metabolites and semisynthetic compounds from endophytic fungus xylaria feejeensis strain sm3e-1b isolated from sapium macrocarpum. | bioactivity-directed fractionation of the combined culture medium and mycelium extract of the endophytic fungus xylaria feejeensis strain sm3e-1b, isolated from sapium macrocarpum, led to the isolation of three known natural products: (4s,5s,6s)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-methyl-5,6-epoxycyclohex-2-enone or coriloxine, 1; 2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione, 2; and 2,6-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione or fumiquinone b, 3. this is the first report of comp ... | 2016 | 27159617 |
| effects of microbial enzymes on starch and hemicellulose degradation in total mixed ration silages. | this study investigated the association of enzyme-producing microbes and their enzymes with starch and hemicellulose degradation during fermentation of total mixed ration (tmr) silage. | 2017 | 27165015 |
| seed germination of seven desert plants and implications for vegetation restoration. | germination cues reflect the conditions under which a species is likely to succeed in recruitment. therefore, knowledge of the seed germination characteristics of key plant species in desertified areas is essential for restoration. the aims of this study were to evaluate the seed germination responses of seven native species, and to explore the implications for vegetation restoration. seeds of seven desert species were sown in petri dishes and subjected to various temperature and light condition ... | 2016 | 27179541 |
| effects of partial replacement of corn and alfalfa silage with tall fescue hay on total-tract digestibility and lactation performance in dairy cows. | our objective was to evaluate the effects of replacing either corn or alfalfa silage with tall fescue hay on total-tract neutral detergent fiber (ndf) digestibility and lactation performance in dairy cows. twenty-four primiparous (75±35 d in milk) and 40 multiparous (68±19 d in milk) holstein cows were blocked by parity and randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups in a pen equipped with 32 feeding gates to record intake by cow. each gate was randomly assigned to 1 treatment group; thus, each ... | 2016 | 27179850 |
| the effect of dietary chlorella vulgaris supplementation on micro-organism community, enzyme activities and fatty acid profile in the rumen liquid of goats. | microalgae might be considered as an alternative source of fat and/or protein for ruminant's diets. however, changes in populations of ruminal micro-organisms associated with biohydrogenation process, methane and ammonia production in response to microalgae dietary supplementation have not been well characterized. thus, 16 cross-bred goats were divided into two groups. each goat of both groups was fed individually with alfalfa hay and concentrates separately. the concentrates of the control grou ... | 2017 | 27184296 |
| first record of dendrocerus carpenteri (hymenoptera: megaspilidae) on aphidius ervi in alfalfa fields in brazil. | 2016 | 27191465 | |
| molecular cloning and characterization of the mshsp17.7 gene from medicago sativa l. | heat shock proteins (hsps) are ubiquitous protective proteins that play crucial roles in plant development and adaptation to stress, and the aim of this study is to characterize the hsp gene in alfalfa. here we isolated a small heat shock protein gene (mshsp17.7) from alfalfa by homology-based cloning. mshsp17.7 contains a 477-bp open reading frame and encodes a protein of 17.70-kda. the amino acid sequence shares high identity with mthsp (93.98 %), pshsp17.1 (83.13 %), gmhsp17.9 (74.10 %) and s ... | 2016 | 27193169 |
| mass spectrometric-based selected reaction monitoring of protein phosphorylation during symbiotic signaling in the model legume, medicago truncatula. | unlike the major cereal crops corn, rice, and wheat, leguminous plants such as soybean and alfalfa can meet their nitrogen requirement via endosymbiotic associations with soil bacteria. the establishment of this symbiosis is a complex process playing out over several weeks and is facilitated by the exchange of chemical signals between these partners from different kingdoms. several plant components that are involved in this signaling pathway have been identified, but there is still a great deal ... | 2016 | 27203723 |
| effects of dietary fibre source on microbiota composition in the large intestine of suckling piglets. | this study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary fibre sources on the gut microbiota in suckling piglets, and to test the hypothesis that a moderate increase of dietary fibre may affect the gut microbiota during the suckling period. suckling piglets were fed different fibre-containing diets or a control diet from postnatal day 7 to 22. digesta samples from cecum, proximal colon and distal colon were used for pig intestinal tract chip analysis. the data showed that the effects of fibre-cont ... | 2016 | 27231242 |
| particle length of silages affects apparent ruminal synthesis of b vitamins in lactating dairy cows. | effects of particle length of silages on apparent ruminal synthesis (ars) and postruminal supply of b vitamins were evaluated in 2 feeding trials. diets containing alfalfa (trial 1) or orchardgrass (trial 2) silages, chopped to either 19mm (long cut, lc) or 10mm (short cut, sc) theoretical particle length, as the sole forage were offered to ruminally and duodenally cannulated lactating holstein cows in crossover design experiments. forages chopped to a theoretical particle length of 19 and 10mm ... | 2016 | 27236755 |
| in vitro ruminal fermentation of treated alfalfa silage using ruminal inocula from high and low feed-efficient lactating cows. | to assess the effect of two additives on alfalfa silage and on in vitro ruminal fermentation when using ruminal inocula from high feed-efficient (he) and low feed-efficient (le) lactating cows. | 2016 | 27241014 |
| variation in feeding behavior and milk production among dairy cows when supplemented with 2 amounts of mixed ration in combination with 2 amounts of pasture. | variation in feeding behavior and milk production of grazing dairy cows fed a mixed ration was measured. experiments were conducted in spring (early lactation) and autumn (late lactation) with 48 holstein-friesian dairy cows. pasture allowance (low vs. high) and amounts of supplement (low vs. high) were applied to determine the effect on variation among cows in feeding behavior and milk production. the experiments investigated 4 dietary treatments in a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments. da ... | 2016 | 27265164 |
| changes in fermentation and biohydrogenation intermediates in continuous cultures fed low and high levels of fat with increasing rates of starch degradability. | excessive levels of starch in diets for lactating dairy cattle is a known risk factor for milk fat depression, but little is known about how this risk is affected by differences in rates of starch degradability (kd) in the rumen. the objective of this study was to compare accumulation of biohydrogenation intermediates causing milk fat depression, including conjugated linoleic acid (cla), when corn with low or high kd were fed to continuous cultures. diets contained (dry matter basis) 50% forage ... | 2016 | 27265165 |
| rhizobium leguminosarum symbiovar trifolii, ensifer numidicus and mesorhizobium amorphae symbiovar ciceri (or mesorhizobium loti) are new endosymbiotic bacteria of lens culinaris medik. | a total of 142 rhizobial bacteria were isolated from root nodules of lens culinaris medik endemic to tunisia and they belonged to the species rhizobium leguminosarum, and for the first time to ensifer and mesorhizobium, genera never previously described as microsymbionts of lentil. phenotypically, our results indicate that l. culinaris medik strains showed heterogenic responses to the different phenotypic features and they effectively nodulated their original host. based on the concatenation of ... | 2016 | 27267929 |
| effects of different forage sources as a free-choice provision on the performance, nutrient digestibility, selected blood metabolites and structural growth of holstein dairy calves. | the objective of this study was to determine the effects of different forage sources on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and blood metabolites of dairy calves. individually housed calves (n = 40; body weight = 41.2 ± 3.5 kg) were randomly allocated (n = 10 calves per treatment: five males and five females) to one of the following four treatments: (i) starter without forage provision (con), (ii) starter plus chopped alfalfa hay (ah), (iii) starter plus chopped wheat straw (ws) and 4 ... | 2017 | 27277573 |
| natural occurrence of tomato leaf curl new delhi virus in iranian cucurbit crops. | the main areas for field-grown vegetable production in iran were surveyed during the years of 2012-2014 to determine the occurrence of begomoviruses infecting these crops. a total of 787 leaf samples were collected from vegetables and some other host plants showing virus-like symptoms and tested by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using polyclonal antibodies produced against tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv). according to the elisa results, 81 samples (10.3%) positively reacted w ... | 2016 | 27298595 |
| the mouthparts enriched odorant binding protein 11 of the alfalfa plant bug adelphocoris lineolatus displays a preferential binding behavior to host plant secondary metabolites. | odorant binding proteins (obps) are proposed to be directly required for odorant discrimination and represent potential interesting targets for pest control. in the notoriously agricultural pest adelphocoris lineolatus, our previous functional investigation of highly expressed antennal obps clearly supported this viewpoint, whereas the findings of the current study by characterizing of alinobp11 rather indicated that obp in hemipterous plant bugs might fulfill a different and tantalizing physiol ... | 2016 | 27313540 |
| ruminal methanogen community in dairy cows fed agricultural residues of corn stover, rapeseed, and cottonseed meals. | the purpose was to reveal changes in the methanogen community in the rumen of dairy cows fed agricultural residues of corn stover, rapeseed, and cottonseed meals, compared with alfalfa hay or soybean meal. analysis was based on cloning and sequencing the methyl coenzyme m reductase α-subunit gene of ruminal methanogens. results revealed that predicted methane production was increased while population of ruminal methanogens was not significantly affected when cows were fed diets containing variou ... | 2016 | 27322573 |
| expression of an alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) peroxidase gene in transgenic arabidopsis thaliana enhances resistance to nacl and h2o2. | peroxidases (pods) are enzymes that play important roles in catalyzing the reduction of h2o2 and the oxidation of various substrates. they function in many different and important biological processes, such as defense mechanisms, immune responses, and pathogeny. the pod genes have been cloned and identified in many plants, but their function in alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) is not known, to date. based on the pod gene sequence (genbank accession no. l36157.1), we cloned the pod gene in alfalfa, w ... | 2016 | 27323080 |
| assessing quality of medicago sativa silage by monitoring bacterial composition with single molecule, real-time sequencing technology and various physiological parameters. | the present study applied the pacbio single molecule, real-time sequencing technology (smrt) in evaluating the quality of silage production. specifically, we produced four types of medicago sativa silages by using four different lactic acid bacteria-based additives (ad-i, ad-ii, ad-iii and ad-iv). we monitored the changes in ph, organic acids (including butyric acid, the ratio of acetic acid/lactic acid, γ-aminobutyric acid, 4-hyroxy benzoic acid and phenyl lactic acid), mycotoxins, and bacteria ... | 2016 | 27340760 |
| effects of chlorpyrifos and chlorantraniliprole on fermentation quality of alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) silage inoculated with or without lactobacillus plantarum lp. | the effects of pesticides and lactobacillus plantarum (lp) on fermentation quality of alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) silage were investigated. chlorpyrifos and chlorantraniliprole were sprayed on the surface of alfalfa plants at 658.6 and 45.0 g active ingredient/ha, respectively. alfalfa plants were harvested on day 5 post-application and ensiled with or without lp. chlorpyrifos and chlorantraniliprole decreased the yeast count of alfalfa material (p < 0.05). both pesticides increased the butyric ... | 2017 | 27346034 |
| mixed nodule infection in sinorhizobium meliloti-medicago sativa symbiosis suggest the presence of cheating behavior. | in the symbiosis between rhizobia and legumes, host plants can form symbiotic root nodules with multiple rhizobial strains, potentially showing different symbiotic performances in nitrogen fixation. here, we investigated the presence of mixed nodules, containing rhizobia with different degrees of mutualisms, and evaluate their relative fitness in the sinorhizobium meliloti-medicago sativa model symbiosis. we used three s. meliloti strains, the mutualist strains rm1021 and bl225c and the non-mutu ... | 2016 | 27379128 |
| effects of residual novaluron on reproduction in alfalfa leafcutting bees, megachile rotundata f. (megachilidae). | the chitin synthesis inhibitor novaluron can suppress pests that affect alfalfa seed production, but can negatively affect reproductive success in the alfalfa pollinator megachile rotundata. novaluron is considered to be a reduced-risk insecticide because it disrupts ecdysis and is non-lethal to adult insects, but some exposed adults have fewer eggs and suppressed egg hatch. for this experiment, bees nested in field cages where they were exposed to alfalfa that had never been treated with novalu ... | 2017 | 27405042 |
| pheromone lure and trap color affects bycatch in agricultural landscapes of utah. | aerial traps, using combinations of color and attractive lures, are a critical tool for detecting and managing insect pest populations. yet, despite improvements in trap efficacy, collection of nontarget species ("bycatch") plagues many insect pest surveys. bycatch can influence survey effectiveness by reducing the available space for target species and increasing trap screening time, especially in areas where thousands of insects are captured as bycatch in a given season. additionally, bycatch ... | 2016 | 27412193 |
| leguminose green juice as an efficient nutrient for l(+)-lactic acid production. | lactic acid is one of the most important building blocks for the production of bioplastic. many investigations have been conducted to reduce the lactic acid production costs. in this work, the focus was put on the application of legume pressed juice or green juice as nutrient source. the pressed juice was utilized directly without prior pre-treatment and sterilization. using two different alfalfa green juices and a clover green juice from two different harvest years as sole nutrients, non-steril ... | 2016 | 27422353 |
| loss of malic enzymes leads to metabolic imbalance and altered levels of trehalose and putrescine in the bacterium sinorhizobium meliloti. | malic enzymes decarboxylate the tricarboxylic acid (tca) cycle intermediate malate to the glycolytic end-product pyruvate and are well positioned to regulate metabolic flux in central carbon metabolism. despite the wide distribution of these enzymes, their biological roles are unclear in part because the reaction catalyzed by these enzymes can be by-passed by other pathways. the n2-fixing alfalfa symbiont sinorhizobium meliloti contains both a nad(p)-malic enzyme (dme) and a separate nadp-malic ... | 2016 | 27456220 |
| effects of purified lignin on in vitro rumen metabolism and growth performance of feedlot cattle. | the objectives were to assess the effects of purified lignin from wheat straw (sodium hydroxide dehydrated lignin; shdl) on in vitro ruminal fermentation and on the growth performance of feedlot cattle. | 2017 | 27456424 |
| fish oil-induced milk fat depression and associated downregulation of mammary lipogenic genes in dairy ewes. | several studies in dairy cows have shown a relationship between milk fat depression (mfd) and alterations caused in lipogenic gene expression by dietary nutrients. however, information on small ruminants is not only scarce but also inconsistent. therefore, this experiment was conducted in dairy ewes to study the effect of a diet known to induce mfd on milk fatty acid (fa) composition and mrna abundance of key candidate genes involved in mammary lipogenesis. twelve lactating assaf ewes (on averag ... | 2016 | 27474983 |
| triennial reproduction symposium: beef heifer development and lifetime productivity in rangeland-based production systems. | nutritional and environmental factors have been shown to cause epigenetic changes that influence characteristics of the offspring throughout life. in livestock, small differences in nutrition during gestation may alter lifetime production efficiency of offspring. therefore, the potential for fetal programing should be considered when determining supplemental feeding strategies during gestation. for example, female offspring born to cows grazing dormant winter pasture supplemented with 1.1 kg/d o ... | 2016 | 27482658 |
| the early events underlying genome evolution in a localized sinorhizobium meliloti population. | population genetic analyses based on genome-wide sequencing data have been carried out for sinorhizobium medicae and s. meliloti, two closely related bacterial species forming nitrogen-fixing symbioses with plants of the genus medicago. however, genome coverage was low or the isolates had a broad geographic distribution, making it difficult to interpret the estimated diversity and to unravel the early events underlying population genetic variations and ecological differentiation. | 2016 | 27495742 |
| rhizobium favelukesii sp. nov., isolated from the root nodules of alfalfa (medicago sativa l). | strains lpu83t and or191 of the genus rhizobium were isolated from the root nodules of alfalfa, grown in acid soils from argentina and the usa. these two strains, which shared the same plasmid pattern, lipopolysaccharide profile, insertion-sequence fingerprint, 16s rrna gene sequence and pcr-fingerprinting pattern, were different from reference strains representing species of the genus rhizobium with validly published names. on the basis of previously reported data and from new dna-dna hybridiza ... | 2016 | 27499008 |
| rhizobial strains exert a major effect on the amino acid composition of alfalfa nodules under nacl stress. | specific amino acids have protective functions in plants under stress conditions. this study assessed the effects of rhizobial strains on the amino acid composition in alfalfa under salt stress. two alfalfa cultivars (medicago sativa l. cv apica and salt-tolerant cv halo) in association with two sinorhizobium meliloti strains with contrasting growth under salt stress (strain a2 and salt-tolerant strain rm1521) were exposed to different levels of nacl (0, 20, 40, 80 or 160 mm nacl) under controll ... | 2016 | 27508354 |
| long-term nitrous oxide fluxes in annual and perennial agricultural and unmanaged ecosystems in the upper midwest usa. | differences in soil nitrous oxide (n2 o) fluxes among ecosystems are often difficult to evaluate and predict due to high spatial and temporal variabilities and few direct experimental comparisons. for 20 years, we measured n2 o fluxes in 11 ecosystems in southwest michigan usa: four annual grain crops (corn-soybean-wheat rotations) managed with conventional, no-till, reduced input, or biologically based/organic inputs; three perennial crops (alfalfa, poplar, and conifers); and four unmanaged eco ... | 2016 | 27510313 |
| isolation and characterization of yeasts from fermented apple bagasse as additives for ruminant feeding. | solid-state fermentation can be used to produce feeds for ruminants, which can provide an enriched population of yeasts to improve ruminal fermentation. fermentation of apple bagasse was performed to obtain a yeast-rich product, with the objective of isolating, identifying, and characterizing yeast strains and testing their capability to enhance in vitro ruminal fermentation of fibrous feeds. yeasts were isolated from apple bagasse fermented under in vitro conditions, using rumen liquor obtained ... | 2017 | 27520528 |
| impact of brassica and lucerne finishing feeds and intramuscular fat on lamb eating quality and flavor. a cross-cultural study using chinese and non-chinese australian consumers. | use of forage brassicas (brassica napus) and lucerne (alfalfa; medicago sativa) as ruminant feeds has been linked to unacceptable flavors in sheepmeat. lambs from low and high intramuscular fat sires were allocated to one of four finishing feeds-perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne), lucerne, and two brassica forages-for a 6 week period. grilled loins (longissimus thoracis et lumborum) were subjected to chemical and sensory analysis by a trained panel and also evaluated by non-chinese and chinese ... | 2016 | 27523884 |
| colonization dynamic of various crop residues by fusarium graminearum monitored through real-time pcr measurements. | to evaluate the effect of the type of crop residues on the colonization dynamic of fusarium graminearum in soil. | 2016 | 27541831 |
| comparative transcriptome investigation of global gene expression changes caused by mir156 overexpression in medicago sativa. | medicago sativa (alfalfa) is a low-input forage and potential bioenergy crop, and improving its yield and quality has always been a focus of the alfalfa breeding industry. transgenic alfalfa plants overexpressing a precursor of alfalfa microrna156 (msmir156) were recently generated by our group. these plants (mir156oe) showed enhanced biomass yield, reduced internodal length, increased shoot branching and trichome density, and a delay in flowering time. transcripts of three squamosa-promoter bin ... | 2016 | 27542359 |
| potential transfer of extended spectrum β-lactamase encoding gene, blashv18 gene, between klebsiella pneumoniae in raw foods. | this study investigated the transfer frequency of the extended-spectrum β-lactamase-encoding gene (blashv18) among klebsiella pneumoniae in tryptic soy broth (tsb), pasteurized milk, unpasteurized milk, alfalfa sprouts and chopped lettuce at defined temperatures. all transconjugants were characterized phenotypically and genotypically. kp04(δkm) and kp08(δkm) isolated from seed sprouts and kp342 were used as recipients in mating experiments with k. pneumoniae atcc 700603 serving as the donor. in ... | 2016 | 27554144 |