Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| field tests with the hd-1 formulation of the delta-endotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis against the cabbage looper on cabbage. | 1971 | 20336829 | |
| isolation of transcripts from diabrotica virgifera virgifera leconte responsive to the bacillus thuringiensis toxin cry3bb1. | crystal (cry) proteins derived from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) have been widely used as a method of insect pest management for several decades. in recent years, a transgenic corn expressing the cry3bb1 toxin has been successfully used for protection against corn rootworm larvae (genus diabrotica). the biological action of the bt toxin in corn rootworms has not yet been clearly defined. because development of resistance to bt by corn rootworms will have huge economic and ecological costs, insigh ... | 2010 | 20337747 |
| identification of native bacillus thuringiensis strain from south india having specific cytocidal activity against cancer cells. | to identify the parasporin-producing, indigenous bacillus thuringiensis strains that specifically targets human cancer cells in madurai, tamil nadu, south india. | 2010 | 20337765 |
| bacillus thuringiensis: an impotent pathogen? | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) is an insecticidal bacterium that has successfully been used as a biopesticide for many years. it is usually referred to as a soil-dwelling organism, as a result of the prevalence of its spores in this environment, but one that can act as an opportunistic pathogen under appropriate conditions. our understanding of the biology of this organism has been challenged further by the recent publication of two reports that claim that bt requires the co-operation of commensal ... | 2010 | 20338765 |
| effects of resistance to bt cotton on diapause in the pink bollworm, pectinophora gossypiella. | fitness costs associated with resistance to bacillus thuringiensis (bt) crops are expected to delay the evolution of resistance. in a previous study where pink bollworm, pectinophora gossypiella (lepidoptera: gelechiidae), larvae overwintered in outdoor insectaries, individuals from bt-resistant strains had lower survival than individuals from bt-susceptible strains or f1 progeny from crosses between resistant and susceptible adults. to investigate the physiological basis of such recessive cost, ... | 2007 | 20345287 |
| spatially resolved characterization of water and ion incorporation in bacillus spores. | we present the first direct visualization and quantification of water and ion uptake into the core of individual dormant bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (b. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis) endospores. isotopic and elemental gradients in the b. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis spores show the permeation and incorporation of deuterium in deuterated water (d(2)o) and solvated ions throughout individual spores, including the spore core. under hydrated conditions, incorporation into a spo ... | 2010 | 20348293 |
| expression in escherichia coli of the native cyt1aa from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. | the gene cyt1aa is one of the genes in the complex determining the mosquito larvicidity of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. previous cloning in escherichia coli resulted in a 48-bp addition upstream, encoding a chimera. here, cyt1aa was recloned without the artifact, and its toxicity against aedes aegypti larvae and host e. coli cells was retested. | 2010 | 20348307 |
| natural variation explains most transcriptomic changes among maize plants of mon810 and comparable non-gm varieties subjected to two n-fertilization farming practices. | the introduction of genetically modified organisms (gmo) in many countries follows strict regulations to ensure that only safety-tested products are marketed. over the last few years, targeted approaches have been complemented by profiling methods to assess possible unintended effects of transformation. here we used a commercial (affymertix) microarray platform (i.e. allowing assessing the expression of approximately 1/3 of the genes of maize) to evaluate transcriptional differences between comm ... | 2010 | 20349115 |
| single concentration tests show synergism among bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis toxins against the malaria vector mosquito anopheles albimanus. | bioassays of insecticidal proteins from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis with larvae of the malaria vector mosquito anopheles albimanus showed that the cytolytic protein cyt1aa was not toxic alone, but it increased the toxicity of the crystalline proteins cry4ba and cry11aa. synergism also occurred between cry4ba and cry11aa toxins. whereas many previous analyses of synergism have been based on a series of toxin concentrations leading to comparisons between expected and observed values ... | 2010 | 20361977 |
| multiple reciprocal adaptations and rapid genetic change upon experimental coevolution of an animal host and its microbial parasite. | the coevolution between hosts and parasites is predicted to have complex evolutionary consequences for both antagonists, often within short time periods. to date, conclusive experimental support for the predictions is available mainly for microbial host systems, but for only a few multicellular host taxa. we here introduce a model system of experimental coevolution that consists of the multicellular nematode host caenorhabditis elegans and the microbial parasite bacillus thuringiensis. we demons ... | 2010 | 20368449 |
| binding site alteration is responsible for field-isolated resistance to bacillus thuringiensis cry2a insecticidal proteins in two helicoverpa species. | evolution of resistance by target pests is the main threat to the long-term efficacy of crops expressing bacillus thuringiensis (bt) insecticidal proteins. cry2 proteins play a pivotal role in current bt spray formulations and transgenic crops and they complement cry1a proteins because of their different mode of action. their presence is critical in the control of those lepidopteran species, such as helicoverpa spp., which are not highly susceptible to cry1a proteins. in australia, a transgenic ... | 2010 | 20376312 |
| isolation and characterization of bacterial endophytes of chelidonium majus l. | the aim of this study was to isolate and identify endophytic bacteria from stems of chelidonium majus l. (greater celandine) and to evaluate their antifungal properties. in total, 34 bacterial endophyte strains were isolated. the fungistatic effects of these bacteria on the growth of five moulds (alternaria alternata, chaetonium sp., paecilomyces variotti, byssochlamys fulva, aureobasidium pullulans) and one species of black yeast (exophiala mesophila) were tested. the majority of the bacterial ... | 2009 | 20380146 |
| optimization of fenton oxidation pre-treatment for b. thuringiensis - based production of value added products from wastewater sludge. | fenton oxidation pretreatment was investigated for enhancement of biodegradability of wastewater sludge (wws) which was subsequently used as substrate for the production of value- added products. the response surface method with fractional factorial and central composite designs was applied to determine the effects of fenton parameters on solubilization and biodegradability of sludge and the optimization of the fenton process. maximum solubilization and biodegradability were obtained as 70% and ... | 2010 | 20381232 |
| bacillus marcorestinctum sp. nov., a novel soil acylhomoserine lactone quorum-sensing signal quenching bacterium. | a gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, endospore-forming and rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from soil samples and designated strain lqq. this organism strongly quenches the acylhomoserine lactone quorum-sensing signal. the lqq strain exhibits phenotypic characteristics consistent with its classification in the genus bacillus. it is positive in catalase and no special growth factor is needed. it uses glucose as sole carbon source. the dna g + c content is 39.8 mol %. the closest relatives b ... | 2010 | 20386651 |
| effects of bt maize on agrotis segetum (lepidoptera: noctuidae): a pest of maize seedlings. | the lepidopteran stemborers busseola fusca (fuller) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), sesamia calamistis (hampson) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), and chilo partellus (swinhoe) (lepidoptera: crambidae) are effectively controlled by bt maize that expresses the cry1ab insecticidal protein. another noctuid species, the cutworm agrotis segetum (denis and schiffermüller) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), which is the most common and injurious pest of maize seedlings in south africa, is exposed to bt toxin for a part of it ... | 2010 | 20388305 |
| exposure and nontarget effects of transgenic bt corn debris in streams. | corn (zea mays l.) transformed with a gene from the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt) comprises 49% of all corn in the united states. the input of senesced corn tissue expressing the bt gene may impact stream-inhabiting invertebrates that process plant debris, especially trichopteran species related to the target group of lepidopteran pests. our goal was to assess risk associated with transgenic corn debris entering streams. first, we show the input of corn tissue after harvest was extended ... | 2010 | 20388306 |
| impacts of six bt rice lines on nontarget rice feeding thrips under laboratory and field conditions. | nontarget impacts of six transgenic bt rice lines (expressing the cry1ab or cry1ab/cry1ac protein) on the thrips, stenchaetothrips biformis (bagnall), attacking the rice seedling and tillering stages, were evaluated under laboratory and field conditions. laboratory results showed relatively longer larval, pupal development and preoviposition durations of s. biformis. although it had a shorter oviposition period, female adult longevity and less total laid eggs were found when fed on some tested b ... | 2010 | 20388307 |
| midgut juice components affect pore formation by the bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal toxin cry9ca. | the pore-forming ability of the bacillus thuringiensis toxin cry9ca, its two single-site mutants r164a and r164k, and the 55-kda fragment resulting from its proteolytic cleavage at r164 was evaluated under a variety of experimental conditions using an electrophysiological assay. all four toxin preparations depolarized the apical membrane of freshly isolated third-instar manduca sexta midguts bathing in a solution containing 122 mm kcl at ph 10.5, but the 55-kda fragment was considerably more act ... | 2010 | 20399787 |
| striking activation of nalt and nasal passages lymphocytes induced by intranasal immunization with cry1ac protoxin. | cry1ac protoxin from bacillus thuringiensis is a potent mucosal immunogen and adjuvant. when delivered intranasally (i.n.) cry1ac elicits significant antibody response and is able to improve vaccination against naegleria fowleri infection, but the functional effects occurring in nasal lymphocytes when this protein is administered alone have not been determined. here, we investigated the effects of i.n. immunization with cry1ac on antibody production, lymphocyte activation and cytokine production ... | 2010 | 20415781 |
| microbiological studies of ethnic meat products of the eastern himalayas. | native microorganisms from some ethnic meat products of the eastern himalayas such as lang kargyong, yak kargyong, faak kargyong, lang satchu, yak satchu and suka ko masu were isolated and characterized. the bacterial isolates included lactobacillus sake, lactobacillus curvatus, lactobacillus divergens, lactobacillus carnis, lactobacillus sanfrancisco, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus brevis, enterococcus faecium, leuconostoc mesenteroides, pediococcus pentosaceous, ba ... | 2010 | 20416835 |
| compositions of forage and seed from second-generation glyphosate-tolerant soybean mon 89788 and insect-protected soybean mon 87701 from brazil are equivalent to those of conventional soybean (glycine max). | brazil has become one of the largest soybean producers. two monsanto co. biotechnology-derived soybean products are designed to offer benefits in weed and pest management. these are second-generation glyphosate-tolerant soybean, mon 89788, and insect-protected soybean, mon 87701. the second-generation glyphosate-tolerant soybean product, mon 89788, contains the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase gene derived from agrobacterium sp. strain cp4 (cp4 epsps). mon 87701 contains the cry1ac ge ... | 2010 | 20420455 |
| study of the aminopeptidase n gene family in the lepidopterans ostrinia nubilalis (hübner) and bombyx mori (l.): sequences, mapping and expression. | aminopeptidases n (apns) are a class of ectoenzymes present in lepidopteran larvae midguts, involved in the bacillus thuringiensis (bt) toxins mode of action. in the present work, seven aminopeptidases have been cloned from the midgut of ostrinia nubilalis, the major lepidopteran corn pest in the temperate climates. six sequences were identified as apns because of the presence of the hexxh(x)18e and gamen motifs, as well as the signal peptide and the gpi-anchor sequences. the remaining sequence ... | 2010 | 20420910 |
| chemical modulators of the innate immune response alter gypsy moth larval susceptibility to bacillus thuringiensis. | the gut comprises an essential barrier that protects both invertebrate and vertebrate animals from invasion by microorganisms. disruption of the balanced relationship between indigenous gut microbiota and their host can result in gut bacteria eliciting host responses similar to those caused by invasive pathogens. for example, ingestion of bacillus thuringiensis by larvae of some species of susceptible lepidoptera can result in normally benign enteric bacteria exerting pathogenic effects. | 2010 | 20423490 |
| characterization of tunisian bacillus thuringiensis strains with abundance of kurstaki subspecies harbouring insecticidal activities against the lepidopteran insect ephestia kuehniella. | the study of 257 crystal-producing bacillus thuringiensis isolates from bioinsecticide free soil samples collected from different sites in tunisia, was performed by pcr amplification, using six primer pairs specific for cry1, cry2, cry3, cry4, and vip3a genes, by the investigation of strain plasmid pattern, crystal morphology and delta-endotoxin content and by the assessment of insecticidal activities against the lepidopteran insect ephestia kuehniella. based on plasmid pattern study, 11 represe ... | 2010 | 20424844 |
| impact of water renewal on the residual effect of larvicides in the control of aedes aegypti. | this study was carried out to evaluate the residual effect of three larvicides under laboratory conditions for 100 days in aedes aegypti. the larval mortality rate was measured without water renewal or with daily water renewal (80%). with temephos, there was 100% mortality in both groups until the 70th day. in the bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (bti)-wdg test, there was no difference during the first 20 days. with bti-g, without water renewal, mortality was sustained above 90% for up to 35 d ... | 2010 | 20428685 |
| dispersal and movement behavior of neonate european corn borer (lepidoptera: crambidae) on non-bt and transgenic bt corn. | neonate movement and dispersal behavior of the european corn borer, ostrinia nubilalis (hübner) (lepidoptera: crambidae), were investigated under controlled conditions on bacillus thuringiensis (bt) and non-bt corn, zea mays l., to assess plant abandonment, dispersal from their natal plant, and silking behavior after bt and non-bt preexposure. with continuous airflow, neonates on a bt corn plant for 24 h abandoned that plant 1.78 times more frequently than neonates on a non-bt corn plant. indire ... | 2010 | 20429445 |
| why do f1 screens estimate higher frequencies of cry2ab resistance in helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae) than do f2 screens? | f2 and f1 tests to detect resistance to cry2ab in helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) were performed during the 2007-2008 summer. f2 tests indicated a resistance frequency of 0.006, which is similar to the published resistance frequencies for this species during the summers spanning 2002-2006. in contrast f1 tests indicated a resistance frequency of 0.033. thus, f1 tests isolated cry2ab resistance alleles almost six-fold more frequently than the f2 method. a discrepancy might ... | 2010 | 20429464 |
| the use of biotin-binding proteins for insect control. | biotin-binding proteins (bbps), expressed in transgenic plants, are insecticidal to a very wide range of insects. the expression levels required are generally low (approximately 100 ppm), and although higher than required for bacillus thuringiensis (bt) delta-endotoxins, bbps are effective across a broader range of insect orders and other invertebrates than the bt cry proteins. avidin and streptavidin, in particular, have been reported as causing death or severe growth reduction in at least 40 s ... | 2010 | 20429467 |
| thuricin cd, a posttranslationally modified bacteriocin with a narrow spectrum of activity against clostridium difficile. | the last decade has seen numerous outbreaks of clostridium difficile-associated disease (cdad), which presented significant challenges for healthcare facilities worldwide. we have identified and purified thuricin cd, a two-component antimicrobial that shows activity against c. difficile in the nanomolar range. thuricin cd is produced by bacillus thuringiensis dpc 6431, a bacterial strain isolated from a human fecal sample, and it consists of two distinct peptides, trn-alpha and trn-beta, that ac ... | 2010 | 20435915 |
| enhancing cry1ac toxicity by expression of the helicoverpa armigera cadherin fragment in bacillus thuringiensis. | insect cadherin proteins localized in the midgut epithelium were identified as receptors for bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal crystal proteins (cry toxins). these cadherins facilitated toxin monomer oligomerization and mediated oligomer binding to secondary receptors. it has been reported that manduca sexta, helicoverpa armigera, anopheles gambiae and diabrotica virgifera cadherin toxin binding regions function as synergists for cry1a, cry4ba and cry3a toxicity against target insects. in the ... | 2010 | 20438837 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a short peptidoglycan recognition protein (pgrp-s) with antibacterial activity from the bumblebee bombus ignitus. | peptidoglycan recognition proteins (pgrps) are pattern recognition molecules of the innate immune system that recognize peptidoglycan, a unique bacterial cell wall component. here we cloned and characterized pgrp-s from the bumblebee bombus ignitus (bipgrp-s). the bipgrp-s gene consists of four exons that encode 194 amino acid residues. comparative analysis indicates that the predicted amino acid sequence of bipgrp-s shares a high identity with enzymatically active pgrp-s proteins and contains t ... | 2010 | 20447414 |
| distribution of phenotypes among bacillus thuringiensis strains. | an extensive collection of bacillus thuringiensis isolates from around the world were phenotypically profiled using standard biochemical tests. six phenotypic traits occurred in 20-86% of the isolates and were useful in distinguishing isolates: production of urease (u; 20.5% of isolates), hydrolysis of esculin (e; 32.3% of isolates), acid production from salicin (a; 37.4% of isolates), acid production from sucrose (s; 34.0% of isolates), production of phospholipase c or lecithinase (l; 79.7% of ... | 2010 | 20447792 |
| adsorption of alexa-labeled bt toxin on mica, glass, and hydrophobized glass: study by normal scanning confocal fluorescence. | we studied the kinetics of adsorption of alexa-labeled bt toxin cry1aa, in monomer and oligomer states, on muscovite mica, acid-treated hydrophilic glass, and hydrophobized glass, in the configuration of laminar flow of solution in a slit. normal confocal fluorescence through the liquid volume allows the visualization of the concentration in solution over the time of adsorption, in addition to the signal due to the adsorbed molecules at the interface. the solution signal is used as calibration f ... | 2010 | 20450173 |
| synthesis, characterization and biological study on cr(3+), zro(2+), hfo(2+) and uo(2)(2+) complexes of oxalohydrazide and bis(3-hydroxyimino)butan-2-ylidene)-oxalohydrazide. | cr(3+), zro(2+), hfo(2+) and uo(2)(2+) complexes of oxalohydrazide (h(2)l(1)) and oxalyl bis(diacetylmonoxime hydrazone) [its iupac name is oxalyl bis(3-hydroxyimino)butan-2-ylidene)oxalohydrazide] (h(4)l(2)) have been synthesized and characterized by partial elemental analysis, spectral (ir; electronic), thermal and magnetic measurements. [cr(l(1))(h(2)o)(3)(cl)].h(2)o, [zro(hl(1))(2)].c(2)h(5)oh, [uo(2)(l(1))(h(2)o)(2)] [zro(h(3)l(2))(cl)](2).2h(2)o, [hfo(h(3)l(2))(cl)](2).2h(2)o and [uo(2)(h( ... | 2010 | 20451440 |
| screen of bacillus thuringiensis toxins for transgenic rice to control sesamia inferens and chilo suppressalis. | transgenic rice to control stem borer damage is under development in china. to assess the potential of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) transgenes in stem borer control, the toxicity of five bt protoxins (cry1aa, cry1ab, cry1ac, cry1ba and cry1ca) against two rice stem borers, sesamia inferens (pink stem borer) and chilo suppressalis (striped stem borer), was evaluated in the laboratory by feeding neonate larvae on artificial diets containing bt protoxins. the results indicated that cry1ca exhibited ... | 2010 | 20452358 |
| chinese green light for gm rice and maize prompts outcry. | 2010 | 20458293 | |
| gm crops and gender issues. | 2010 | 20458298 | |
| amplified fragment length homoplasy: in silico analysis for model and non-model species. | aflp markers are widely used in evolutionary genetics and ecology. however the frequent occurrence of non-homologous co-migrating fragments (homoplasy) both at the intra- and inter-individual levels in aflp data sets is known to skew key parameters in population genetics. geneticists can take advantage of the growing number of full genome sequences available for model species to study aflp homoplasy and to predict it in non-model species. | 2010 | 20459671 |
| effects of an active immunization on the immune response of laying japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) fed with or without genetically modified bacillus thuringiensis-maize. | potentially adverse effects of diets containing transgenic plants are a concern for many consumers, particularly in europe. for bacillus thuringiensis-maize, several studies in livestock and poultry showed that the zootechnical data provide no indication for such adverse effects. these studies were all done in homeostatic situations; it remained open whether a deflection of the regulatory physiological systems might yield divergent dynamic responses in b. thuringiensis-maize-fed animals. we ther ... | 2010 | 20460657 |
| cry-bt identifier: a biological database for pcr detection of cry genes present in transgenic plants. | we describe the development of a user friendly tool that would assist in the retrieval of information relating to cry genes in transgenic crops. the tool also helps in detection of transformed cry genes from bacillus thuringiensis present in transgenic plants by providing suitable designed primers for pcr identification of these genes. the tool designed based on relational database model enables easy retrieval of information from the database with simple user queries. the tool also enables users ... | 2009 | 20461155 |
| detection of the mosquitocidal toxin genes encoding cry11 proteins from bacillus thuringiensis using a novel pcr-rflp method. | a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) method for detection of cry11 genes from bacillus thuringiensis was established. based on the analysis of conserved regions of the cry11 genes, 2 oligonucleotide primers were designed to amplify a 1459-bp fragment of the cry11aa gene, and a 1471-bp of the cry11ba and cry11bb genes. the amplification products were digested with restriction endonuclease hinfi. exotic b. thuringiensis strains and native isolates collect ... | 2010 | 20461289 |
| photorhabdus adhesion modification protein (pam) binds extracellular polysaccharide and alters bacterial attachment. | photorhabdus are gram-negative nematode-symbiotic and insect-pathogenic bacteria. the species photorhabdus asymbiotica is able to infect humans as well as insects. we investigated the secreted proteome of a clinical isolate of p. asymbiotica at different temperatures in order to identify proteins relevant to the infection of the two different hosts. | 2010 | 20462430 |
| combined molecular dynamics and continuum solvent studies of the pre-pore cry4aa trimer suggest its stability in solution and how it may form pore. | abstract: cry4aa toxin is one of the highly specific mosquito-larvicidal proteins produced by the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis. it is thought to form pores in the larval midgut membrane that cause membrane leakage and subsequent insect death. therefore, cry4aa and other cry toxins have been used as efficient and safe bacterial insecticides to control the disease-carrying mosquitoes such as aedes, anopheles, and culex. however, we still do not clearly understand how cry ... | 2010 | 20465833 |
| mirid bug outbreaks in multiple crops correlated with wide-scale adoption of bt cotton in china. | long-term ecological effects of transgenic bacillus thuringiensis (bt) crops on nontarget pests have received limited attention, more so in diverse small holder-based cropping systems of the developing world. field trials conducted over 10 years in northern china show that mirid bugs (heteroptera: miridae) have progressively increased population sizes and acquired pest status in cotton and multiple other crops, in association with a regional increase in bt cotton adoption. more specifically, our ... | 2010 | 20466880 |
| a real-time pcr method to quantify spores carrying the bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis cry4aa and cry4ba genes in soil. | to develop a rapid real-time pcr method for the specific detection and quantification of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti) spores present in the environment. | 2010 | 20477894 |
| cloning and characterization of truncated cry1ab gene from a new indigenous isolate of bacillus thuringiensis. | the insecticidal crystal protein(s) encoded by cry gene(s) of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) have been used for insect control both as biopesticides and in transgenic plants. a new 3'-truncated cry1ab gene was cloned from an indigenous isolate of bt, a19-31. nucleotide sequencing and homology search revealed that the deduced amino acid sequence of cry1ab toxin of bt strain a19-31 had a variation of two amino acid residues with the holotype sequence, cry1ab1. expression of the 3'-truncated cry1ab ge ... | 2010 | 20480206 |
| attraction of the parasitoid cotesia marginiventris to host (spodoptera frugiperda) frass is affected by transgenic maize. | we assessed in the laboratory the attraction of the parasitoid cotesia marginiventris (cresson) toward odors emitted by conventional maize (zea mays l. ssp. mays) and bt (bacillus thuringiensis) maize seedlings following actual or simulated injury by spodoptera frugiperda (smith), the parasitoid's host, and emitted by the host's frass, produced following consumption of conventional or bt maize seedlings. females of c. marginiventris exhibited similarly strong responses to conventional and bt mai ... | 2010 | 20480228 |
| increase in midgut microbiota load induces an apparent immune priming and increases tolerance to bacillus thuringiensis. | the insect immune system is comprised of both humoral and cellular components that are mobilized in response to parasitic or pathogenic infections. activation of the immune response implies a considerable expenditure of energy and that is why insects rely on inducible pathways that are activated after coming into contact with the pathogenic agent. known as immune priming, insects can prolong the activation of the immune response and transmit their immune status to the next generation. starting f ... | 2010 | 20482744 |
| overproduction of delta-endotoxins by sporeless bacillus thuringiensis mutants obtained by nitrous acid mutagenesis. | asporogenic and oligosporogenic bacillus thuringiensis mutants having the ability to overproduce insecticidal crystal protein were generated by using nitrous acid (50 mg/ml), as chemical mutagenic agent. insecticidal crystal proteins produced by asporogenic mutants remained encapsulated within the cells. delta-endotoxin production by most of mutants was improved compared to the corresponding wild strains bns3 and a mutant m26. the overproduction by asporogenic and oligosporogenic mutants was att ... | 2011 | 20490495 |
| effectiveness of a new granular formulation of biolarvicide bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis against larvae of malaria vectors in india. | control of vector(s) or mosquitoes, in general, through biolarvicide as an alternate biocontrol agent is a greatest desire. we evaluated a water-dispersible granular formulation biolarvicide bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti, h-14 serotype; vectobac(®) wdg) in the laboratory and also in the field against two principal malaria vectors, anopheles culicifacies and anopheles stephensi. laboratory evaluations against laboratory-reared immature of the two species were carried out at a tempe ... | 2011 | 20491582 |
| a viral histone h4 suppresses expression of a transferrin that plays a role in the immune response of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella. | a transferrin (tf) gene has been predicted from an expressed sequence tag of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella. it encodes 681 amino acid residues that share 80-90% sequence homologies with other lepidopteran tfs. the gene was constitutively expressed in all developmental stages of p. xylostella. double-stranded rna (dsrna) specific to the tf gene was prepared and microinjected into the larvae. we hypothesize that the dsrna treatment suppressed the tf gene expression level and it signifi ... | 2010 | 20491980 |
| integration of insecticidal protein vip3aa1 into beauveria bassiana enhances fungal virulence to spodoptera litura larvae by cuticle and per os infection. | the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana acts slowly on insect pests through cuticle infection. vegetative insecticidal proteins (vip3a) of bacillus thuringiensis kill lepidopteran pests rapidly, via per os infection, but their use for pest control is restricted to integration into transgenic plants. a transgenic b. bassiana strain (bbv28) expressing vip3aa1 (a vip3a toxin) was thus created to infect the larvae of the oriental leafworm moth spodoptera litura through conidial ingestion and ... | 2010 | 20495052 |
| culex mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) egg laying in traps loaded with bacillus thuringiensis variety israelensis and baited with skatole. | the southern house mosquito, culex quinquefasciatus, is an important human health pest as a vector of several pathogens, including agents of lymphatic filariasis and arboviruses like west nile virus. we conducted preliminary experiments in recife, brazil, to explore applications of culex oviposition attractants in combination with bacillus thuringiensis variety israelensis (bti) in an attract-and-kill approach. simple, cost-effective oviposition traps, br-ovt, loaded with bti and baited with or ... | 2010 | 20496581 |
| environmental factors determining the epidemiology and population genetic structure of the bacillus cereus group in the field. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) and its insecticidal toxins are widely exploited in microbial biopesticides and genetically modified crops. its population biology is, however, poorly understood. important issues for the safe, sustainable exploitation of bt include understanding how selection maintains expression of insecticidal toxins in nature, whether entomopathogenic bt is ecologically distinct from related human pathogens in the bacillus cereus group, and how the use of microbial pesticides alte ... | 2010 | 20502683 |
| swapping the chitin-binding domain in bacillus chitinases improves the substrate binding affinity and conformational stability. | chitinase from bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus licheniformis consisting of an n-terminal catalytic domain (gh18) and a c-terminal chitin-binding domain (chbd), were cloned and characterised. in order to study the importance of individual domains, chimeric chitinases (btgh-blichbd and bligh-btchbd) were constructed using domain swapping as a strategy to exchange the cbd of btgh-chbd with that of bligh-chbd and vice versa. both chimeric chitinases showed increased affinity to colloidal chitin. ... | 2010 | 20502809 |
| a six-year study of insect emergence from temporary flooded wetlands in central sweden, with and without bti-based mosquito control. | in temporary wetlands in the river dalälven floodplains, recurrent but irregular floods induce massive hatching of the flood-water mosquito aedes sticticus, which causes enormous nuisance. flood-water mosquito control using the biological larvicide bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti) was commenced in parts of the floodplains during 2002, and here we report the first six years of full-season monitoring of general insect emergence from temporary wetlands with and without treatment. emerg ... | 2010 | 20504386 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray crystallographic analysis of a full-length active form of the cry4ba toxin from bacillus thuringiensis. | to obtain a complete structure of the bacillus thuringiensis cry4ba mosquito-larvicidal protein, a 65 kda functional form of the cry4ba-r203q mutant toxin was generated for crystallization by eliminating the tryptic cleavage site at arg203. the 65 kda trypsin-resistant fragment was purified and crystallized using the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method. the crystals belonged to the rhombohedral space group r32, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 184.62, c = 187.36 a. diffraction data were collec ... | 2010 | 20516610 |
| effects of host plant and genetic background on the fitness costs of resistance to bacillus thuringiensis. | novel resistance to pathogens and pesticides is commonly associated with a fitness cost. however, measurements of the fitness costs of insecticide resistance have used diverse methods to control for genetic background and rarely assess the effects of environmental variation. here, we explored how genetic background interacts with resource quality to affect the expression of the fitness costs associated with resistance. we used a serially backcrossed line of the diamondback moth, plutella xyloste ... | 2011 | 20517345 |
| elimination of malaria risk through integrated combination strategies in a tropical military training island. | on the military training facility of tekong island, singapore, a comprehensive vector-borne disease control program was started in end-2006 to reduce mosquito populations and negate the need for anti-malaria chemoprophylaxis. the program was based on 1) preventing importation of malaria through screening of visitors, 2) preventing human-to-mosquito transmission through early case detection and mosquito control, 3) preventing mosquito-to-human transmission through personal protection, and 4) cont ... | 2010 | 20519595 |
| bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti) provides residual control of aedes aegypti in small containers. | we examined the use of megadoses of vectobac wg for residual control of aedes aegypti in 2-l plastic buckets. doses of 10x, 20x, and 50x the recommended rate of 8 mg/l provided >/= 90% control for 8, 8, and 23 weeks, respectively. there was no significant difference in mortality between dry (neat) or aqueous mixture of vectobac wg. pretreatment of dry containers up to 8 weeks before flooding did not significantly decrease efficacy through 11 success weeks. thus, megadoses of dry formulations of ... | 2010 | 20519600 |
| effect of bt genetic engineering on indirect defense in cotton via a tritrophic interaction. | we present a tritrophic analysis of the potential non-intended pleiotropic effects of cry1ac gene derived from bacillus thurigiensis (bt) insertion in cotton (deltapine 404 bt bollgard® variety) on the emission of herbivore induced volatile compounds and on the attraction of the egg parasitoid trichogramma pretisoum (hymenoptera: trichogrammatidae). both the herbivore damaged bt variety and its non-bt isoline (deltapine dp4049 variety) produced volatiles in higher quantity when compared to undam ... | 2011 | 20521103 |
| inactivation and mineralization of aerosol deposited model pathogenic microorganisms over tio2 and pt/tio2. | air disinfection from bacteria and viruses by means of photocatalytic oxidation is investigated with microorganisms loaded over photocatalysts' films from aerosols. deposition method and equipment have been developed to load mycobacterium smegmatis , bacillus thuringiensis , vaccinia virus, and influenza a (h3n2) virus on slides with undoped tio(2) and platinized sulfated tio(2) (pt/tio(2)). inactivation dynamics was measured under uva irradiation and in the dark. about 90% inactivation is reach ... | 2010 | 20521809 |
| complete genome sequence of bacillus thuringiensis mutant strain bmb171. | bacillus thuringiensis has been widely used as a biopesticide for a long time. here we report the finished and annotated genome sequence of b. thuringiensis mutant strain bmb171, an acrystalliferous mutant strain with a high transformation frequency obtained and stocked in our laboratory. | 2010 | 20525827 |
| novel strategy for protein production using a peptide tag derived from bacillus thuringiensis cry4aa. | numerous proteins cannot be sufficiently prepared by ordinary recombinant dna techniques because they are unstable or have deleterious effects on the host cell. one idea to prepare such proteins is to produce them as protein inclusions. here we developed a novel system to effectively prepare proteins by using peptide tags derived from the insecticidal cry toxin of a soil bacterium, bacillus thuringiensis. fusion with this peptide tag, designated 4aacter, facilitates the formation of protein incl ... | 2010 | 20528915 |
| biosynthesis of a new udp-sugar, udp-2-acetamido-2-deoxyxylose, in the human pathogen bacillus cereus subspecies cytotoxis nvh 391-98. | we have identified an operon and characterized the functions of two genes from the severe food-poisoning bacterium, bacillus cereus subsp. cytotoxis nvh 391-98, that are involved in the synthesis of a unique udp-sugar, udp-2-acetamido-2-deoxyxylose (udp-n-acetyl-xylosamine, udp-xylnac). uglcnacdh encodes a udp-n-acetyl-glucosamine 6-dehydrogenase, converting udp-n-acetylglucosamine (udp-glcnac) to udp-n-acetyl-glucosaminuronic acid (udp-glcnaca). the second gene in the operon, uxnacs, encodes a ... | 2010 | 20529859 |
| why drought tolerance is not the new bt. | 2010 | 20531328 | |
| plasmid protein tubr uses a distinct mode of hth-dna binding and recruits the prokaryotic tubulin homolog tubz to effect dna partition. | the segregation of plasmid dna typically requires three elements: a dna centromere site, an ntpase, and a centromere-binding protein. because of their simplicity, plasmid partition systems represent tractable models to study the molecular basis of dna segregation. unlike eukaryotes, which utilize the gtpase tubulin to segregate dna, the most common plasmid-encoded ntpases contain walker-box and actin-like folds. recently, a plasmid stability cassette on bacillus thuringiensis pbtoxis encoding a ... | 2010 | 20534443 |
| synergistic activity between bacillus thuringiensis cry1ab and cry1ac toxins against maize stem borer (chilo partellus swinhoe). | to select a toxin combination for the management of maize stem borer (chilo partellus) and to understand possible mechanism of synergism among bacillus thuringiensis cry1a toxins tested. | 2010 | 20536706 |
| biochemical characterization of two purified proteins of the ib-16 bacillus thuringiensis strains and their toxicity against the sheep nematode haemonchus contortus in vitro. | the aim of this study was to characterize the biochemical composition of two main ib-16 bacillus thuringiensis proteins and to determine their toxicity on the blood-feeder nematode, haemonchus contortus. the soluble toxin of ib-16 strain of b. thuringiensis produces five main bands of proteins, the chemical composition of which might play an important role on the lethal activity. two bands of proteins around 25 and 70 kda were chosen and purified by hplc using a hydrogel column and sephadex-bead ... | 2010 | 20537121 |
| enzymic disruption of n-aroyl-l-homoserine lactone-based quorum sensing. | 2010 | 20544776 | |
| rnai-mediated knockdown of a spodoptera frugiperda trypsin-like serine-protease gene reduces susceptibility to a bacillus thuringiensis cry1ca1 protoxin. | sft6 has been identified in a subtracted cdna library of spodoptera frugiperda larval midgut transcripts as a serine-protease gene downregulated within 24 h of intoxication with bacillus thuringiensis cry1ca1 protein. in the present study, the specific role of sft6 during cry1ca1 intoxication was investigated by rt-pcr and in vivo rna interference. quantitative real-time rt-pcr analysis showed sft6 mrna levels in the midgut tissue were significantly reduced after injecting or feeding 4th-instar ... | 2010 | 20545748 |
| transformation of coffee (coffea arabica l. cv. catimor) with the cry1ac gene by biolistic, without the use of markers. | the transformation of coffee plantlets with the cry1ac gene of bacillus thuringiensis was achieved by biolistic using either the whole pubc plasmid or only the ubi-cry1ac-nos genetic cassette. the cry1ac gene was inserted into coffee plants in order to confer resistance to the leaf miner leucoptera coffeella, an insect responsible for considerable losses in coffee crops. bearing in mind that the genetic cassettes used for this study lack reporter genes and/or selection marker genes, the paramete ... | 2010 | 20549067 |
| monitoring of bt11 and bt176 genetically modified maize in food sold commercially in brazil from 2005 to 2007. | the first genetically modified (gm) maize lines were approved for trading in brazil after december 2007 and they were t25, mon810, bt11, nk603 and ga21. the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method was employed to monitor the presence of bt11 and nested pcr was used to detect the presence of bt176 in 81 maize-derived products (maize flour, corn meal, maize flour flakes and polenta) that were sold in brazilian market from 2005 to 2007, before the release of gm maize in brazil. | 2010 | 20549814 |
| population-level effects of spinosad and bacillus thuringiensis israelensis in daphnia pulex and daphnia magna: comparison of laboratory and field microcosm exposure conditions. | because exposure to toxicants not only results in mortality but also in multiple sublethal effects, the use of life-table data appears particularly suitable to assess global effects on exposed populations. the present study uses a life table response approach to assess population-level effects of two insecticides used against mosquito larvae, spinosad (8 μg/l) and bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti, 0.5 μl/l), on two non target species, daphnia pulex and daphnia magna (crustacea: clado ... | 2010 | 20552396 |
| testing insecticide resistance management strategies: mosaic versus rotations. | developing scientifically valid, economically acceptable insecticide resistance management (irm) programs is critical for sustainable insect management. the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.), has demonstrated an ability to develop resistance to many different classes of insecticides, including proteins produced by the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis berliner (bt). recently it has developed resistance to the novel compounds spinosad and indoxacarb. in greenhouse cage experiments, a labo ... | 2010 | 20552665 |
| glucose induced fractal colony pattern of bacillus thuringiensis. | growing colonies of bacteria on the surface of thin agar plates exhibit fractal patterns as a result of nonlinear response to environmental conditions, such as nutrients, solidity of the agar medium and temperature. here, we examine the effect of glucose on pattern formation by growing colonies of bacillus thuringiensis isolate kpwp1. we also present the theoretical modeling of the colony growth of kpwp1 and the associated spatio-temporal patterns. our experimental results are in excellent agree ... | 2010 | 20553734 |
| generation of chitin-derived oligosaccharides toxic to pathogenic bacteria using chia74, an endochitinase native to bacillus thuringiensis. | to demonstrate that an endochitinase (chia74) native to bacillus thuringiensis can be used to generate chitin-derived oligosaccharides (ogs) with antibacterial activity against a number of aetiological agents of disease, including bacteria that cause diarrhoeal and emetic syndromes in humans. | 2010 | 20557451 |
| binding of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis cry4ba to cyt1aa has an important role in synergism. | bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (bti) produces at least four different crystal proteins that are specifically toxic to different mosquito species and that belong to two non-related family of toxins, cry and cyt named cry4aa, cry4ba, cry11aa and cyt1aa. cyt1aa enhances the activity of cry4aa, cry4ba or cry11aa and overcomes resistance of culex quinquefasciatus populations resistant to cry11aa, cry4aa or cry4ba. cyt1aa synergized cry11aa by their specific interaction since single point m ... | 2011 | 20558220 |
| prospective formulation of environmental risk assessments: probabilistic screening for cry1a(b) maize risk to aquatic insects. | a critical first step for environmental risk assessment is problem formulation to identify environmental entities of concern and determinants of exposure that place these entities at risk. a conservative screening level approach was used to evaluate the potential risk to sensitive aquatic species from maize-expressed cry1a(b) protein occurring in a representative agroecosystem. estimated environmental concentrations for cry1a(b) were compared to threshold concentrations of concern for putative s ... | 2010 | 20561683 |
| field evaluation against aedes aegypti larvae of aluminum-carboxymethylcellulose-encapsulated spore-toxin complex formulation of bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis. | the insecticidal activity after field exposure of an aluminum-carboxymethylcellulose microencapsulated formulation of bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (bti) spore-toxin complex, with malachite green as photoprotective agent, was evaluated using third-instar aedes aegypti (l.) larvae in laboratory bioassays in veracruz, méxico. four insecticide treatments and an untreated control were compared at low and high doses over 96 d of field exposure under full sun or full shade conditions: 1) microenc ... | 2010 | 20568600 |
| effect of clonal variation among hybrid poplars on susceptibility of gypsy moth (lepidoptera: lymantriidae) to bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki. | trees in the genus populus can provide substantial commercial and ecological benefits, including sustainable alternatives to traditional forestry. realization of this potential requires intensive management, but damage by defoliating insects can severely limit productivity in such systems. two approaches to limiting these losses include cultivation of poplar varieties with inherent resistance to pests and application of microbial pesticides. little is known about the interaction between host res ... | 2010 | 20568617 |
| selection experiments to assess fitness costs associated with cry2ab resistance in helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | population cage experiments were employed to detect variability in fitness among cry2ab resistant and cry2ab susceptible genotypes of helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae). in two experiments, reciprocal crosses between a cry2ab resistant colony (sp15) and a susceptible colony (gr) established populations where the frequency of the allele that conferred resistance was 0.5. experimental populations were then maintained without exposure to cry toxins. at the f2 generation and on l ... | 2010 | 20568630 |
| modeling evolution of diabrotica virgifera virgifera (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) to transgenic corn with two insecticidal traits. | a simulation model of the population dynamics and genetics of western corn rootworm, diabrotica virgifera virgifera leconte (coleoptera: chrysomelidae), was created to evaluate the use of refuges in the management of resistance to transgenic insecticidal corn, zea mays l., expressing one or two toxin traits. hypothetical scenarios and a case study of a corn hybrid pyramided with existing toxins are simulated. in the hypothetical situations, results demonstrated that evolution is generally delaye ... | 2010 | 20568632 |
| offspring from sequential matings between bacillus thuringiensis-resistant and bacillus thuringiensis-susceptible heliothis virescens moths (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | the tobacco budworm, heliothis virescens (f.) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), is an economically important pest of the americas. females of this species copulate multiple times during their lifetimes, and the presence of sperm from multiple males inside them could allow for a diversity of paternal genotypes in the offspring, unless there was complete precedence of sperm from the first mating. if a female copulates with a male that is insecticide-susceptible and another male that is insecticide-resista ... | 2010 | 20568633 |
| activity of bacillus thuringiensis isolates against immature horn fly and stable fly (diptera: muscidae). | we screened 85 isolates of bacillus thuringiensis (berliner), making up 57 different subspecies, and two isolates of bacillus sphaericus (meyer and neide) for activity against immature horn flies, haematobia irritans (l.), and stable flies, stomoxys calcitrans (l.). the majority of b. thuringiensis and the b. sphaericus isolates had little or no activity against horn fly and stable fly. approximately 87% of the isolates caused < 50% mortality of horn fly larvae and 64% caused < 25% mortality. fo ... | 2010 | 20568651 |
| microcalorimetric and potentiometric titration studies on the adsorption of copper by p. putida and b. thuringiensis and their composites with minerals. | in order to have a better understanding of the interactions of heavy metals with bacteria and minerals in soil and associated environments, isothermal titration calorimetry (itc), potentiometric titration and equilibrium sorption experiments were conducted to investigate the adsorption behavior of cu(ii) by bacillus thuringiensis, pseudomonas putida and their composites with minerals. the interaction of montmorillonite with bacteria increased the reactive sites and resulted in greater adsorption ... | 2010 | 20576350 |
| defining specific lipid binding sites for a peripheral membrane protein in situ using subtesla field-cycling nmr. | despite the profound physiological consequences associated with peripheral membrane protein localization, only a rudimentary understanding of the interactions of proteins with membrane surfaces exists because these questions are inaccessible by commonly used structural techniques. here, we combine high resolution field-cycling (31)p nmr relaxation methods with spin-labeled proteins to delineate specific interactions of a bacterial phospholipase c with phospholipid vesicles. unexpectedly, discret ... | 2010 | 20576615 |
| effects of long-term feeding of genetically modified corn (event mon810) on the performance of lactating dairy cows. | a long-term study over 25 months was conducted to evaluate the effects of genetically modified corn on performance of lactating dairy cows. thirty-six dairy cows were assigned to two feeding groups and fed with diets based on whole-crop silage, kernels and whole-crop cobs from bt-corn (bt-mon810) or its isogenic not genetically modified counterpart (con) as main components. the study included two consecutive lactations. there were no differences in the chemical composition and estimated net ener ... | 2010 | 20579187 |
| [spectrophometric analysis of volatile compounds in microorganisms]. | a simple modification of a spectrophometric method was proposed for the rapid detection of microorganisms based on their ability either to excrete or to absorb volatile compounds. the method provides the possibility of contactless control for bacterial growth at a concentration above 10(7) cells/ml. in addition, the method allows discriminating mutants of the fungus neurospora crassa defective in the nitrogen metabolism from the wild type strains. it is likely that nitrite reductase and nitrate ... | 2010 | 20586286 |
| amino acid substitution on beta1 and alphaf of cyt2aa2 affects molecular interaction of protoxin. | cyt2aa2 is a mosquito-larvicidal protein produced as a 29 kda crystalline protoxin from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. darmstadiensis. to become an active toxin, proteolytic processing is required to remove amino acids from its n- and c-termini. this study aims to investigate the functional role of amino acid residues on the n-terminal beta1 and c-terminal alphaf of cyt2aa2 protoxin. mutant protoxins were constructed, characterized and compared to the wild type cyt2aa2. protein expression data an ... | 2010 | 20587333 |
| characterisation of the binding properties of bacillus thuringiensis 18 toxin on leukaemic cells. | various strains of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) have been found to produce parasporal proteins that are cytotoxic to human cancer cells. this study aims to establish the binding affinity of purified bt 18 toxin for cem-ss (t lymphoblastic leukaemia cell line), to determine if competition exists between the toxin and commercial anticancer drugs for the binding site on cem-ss and to localise the binding site of the toxin on cem-ss. | 2010 | 20591169 |
| production of marker-free transgenic rice expressing tissue-specific bt gene. | the hybrid bacillus thuringiensis (bt) δ-endotoxin gene cry1ab/ac was used to develop a transgenic bt rice (oryza sativa l.) targeting lepidopteran insects of rice. here, we show the production of a marker-free and tissue-specific expressing transgenic bt rice line l24 using agrobacterium-mediated transformation and a chemically regulated, cre/loxp-mediated dna recombination system. l24 carries a single copy of marker-free t-dna that contains the cry1ab/ac gene driven by a maize phosphoenolpyruv ... | 2010 | 20593185 |
| conjugal transfer between bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus cereus strains is not directly correlated with growth of recipient strains. | bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus cereus belong to the b. cereus species group. the two species share substantial chromosomal similarity and differ mostly in their plasmid content. the phylogenetic relationship between these species remains a matter of debate. there is genetic exchange both within and between these species, and current evidence indicates that insects are a particularly suitable environment for the growth of and genetic exchange between these species. we investigated the conjug ... | 2010 | 20600090 |
| resistance to bacillus thuringiensis in the cabbage looper (trichoplusia ni) increases susceptibility to a nucleopolyhedrovirus. | cabbage loopers, trichoplusia ni, are pests in many agricultural settings including vegetable greenhouses in british columbia (canada), where microbial insecticides based on bacillus thuringiensis (bt) toxins are commonly used. frequent use of these insecticides has led to resistance in some populations. an alternative microbial control is the multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus of the alfalfa looper (autographa californica), acmnpv which occurs naturally, but at low frequencies in t. ni populations. ... | 2010 | 20600095 |
| development of a stationary phase-specific autoinducible expression system in bacillus subtilis. | bacillus thuringiensis produces crystal proteins (cry) that account for up to 25% of the dry cell weight during the stationary phase. the high-level expression and stationary phase-specific autoinduction of the cry gene led to development of a cry promoter-based bacillus expression system. among the various cry promoters, cry3aa promoter was selected by comparing the lacz expression levels in bacillus subtilis. an extracellular enzyme cellulase was highly upregulated during the stationary phase ... | 2010 | 20600378 |
| baseline sensitivity of lepidopteran corn pests in india to cry1ab insecticidal protein of bacillus thuringiensis. | genetically engineered corn (bt corn) expressing bacillus thuringiensis berliner insecticidal protein cry1ab is a biotechnological option being considered for management of lepidopteran corn pests in india. as a resistance management practice it was essential to determine the sensitivity of multiple populations of the stalk borer chilo partellus (swinhoe), pink borer sesamia inferens (walker) and the cob borer helicoverpa armigera (hübner) to cry1ab protein through bioassays. the insect populati ... | 2010 | 20602522 |
| effect of broad- and narrow-spectrum antimicrobials on clostridium difficile and microbial diversity in a model of the distal colon. | vancomycin, metronidazole, and the bacteriocin lacticin 3147 are active against a wide range of bacterial species, including clostridium difficile. we demonstrate that, in a human distal colon model, the addition of each of the three antimicrobials resulted in a significant decrease in numbers of c. difficile. however, their therapeutic use in the gastrointestinal tract may be compromised by their broad spectrum of activity, which would be expected to significantly impact on other members of the ... | 2011 | 20616009 |
| one-way ticket to the cell pole: plasmid transport by the prokaryotic tubulin homolog tubz. | 2010 | 20616084 | |
| prevalence and diversity of insertion sequences in the genome of bacillus thuringiensis ybt-1520 and comparison with other bacillus cereus group members. | members of the bacillus cereus group are closely related bacteria that exhibit highly divergent pathogenic properties. sequencing of bacillus thuringiensis ssp. kurstaki strain ybt-1520 revealed an increased number of insertion sequences (iss) compared with those of the published b. cereus group genomes. although some of these iss have been observed and summarized in b. thuringiensis previously, a genomic characterization of their content is required to reveal their distribution and evolution. t ... | 2010 | 20618853 |
| characterizing indirect prey-quality mediated effects of a bt crop on predatory larvae of the green lacewing, chrysoperla carnea. | there is increasing evidence that insecticidal transgenic crops can indirectly cause detrimental effects on arthropod predators or parasitoids when they prey on or parasitize sublethally affected herbivores. our studies revealed that chrysoperla carnea is negatively affected when fed bt-susceptible but not cry1ac-resistant helicoverpa armigera larvae that had fed bt-transgenic cotton expressing cry1ac. this despite the fact that the predators ingested 3.5 times more cry1ac when consuming the res ... | 2010 | 20619267 |