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hemolytic uremic syndrome complicating mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.mycoplasma pneumoniae can cause various extrapulmonary manifestations but, to our knowledge, no case of mycoplasma pneumoniae associated with hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus) has been reported.201323800801
[circulating immune complexes as a depot of conservation of mycoplasma cell components].study the possibility of prolonged conservation in macroorganism of antigens, mycoplasma cell dna and live pathogen cells as part of cic against the background of persisting antigen biostructures.201323805676
rapid defervescence after doxycycline treatment of macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated community-acquired pneumonia in children.we did a retrospective review of children with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection hospitalized from march 2010 to march 2013. mycoplasma-resistant m. pneumoniae constituted 70% of the total m. pneumoniae-associated community-acquired pneumonia. doxycycline was significantly more effective than macrolide for treatment of mycoplasma-resistant m. pneumoniae-associated community-acquired pneumonia in terms of achievement of rapid defervescence within 24 hours.201323817339
[case of tuberculous pleurisy distinguished from pleurisy caused by mycoplasma infection].we report a case of tuberculous pleurisy that required differentiation from pleurisy caused by mycoplasma infection. a 28-year-old woman presented to a clinic with fever and pain on the left side of her chest. a chest radiograph revealed pleural effusion in the left thorax, and the condition was diagnosed as bacterial pleurisy. the patient was referred to our hospital because of an increase in the pleural effusion despite antibiotic treatment. mycoplasma infection was suspected because the patie ...201323819319
rhamnose biosynthesis in mycoplasmas requires precursor glycans larger than monosaccharide.despite the apparent absence of genes coding for the known pathways for biosynthesis, the monosaccharide rhamnose was detected in the d configuration in mycoplasma pneumoniae and mycoplasma pulmonis, and in both the d and l configurations in mycoplasma arthritidis. surprisingly, the monosaccharide glucose was not a precursor for rhamnose biosynthesis and was not incorporated at detectable levels in glucose-containing polysaccharides or glycoconjugates. in contrast, carbon atoms from starch, a po ...201323826905
etiological analysis and predictive diagnostic model building of community-acquired pneumonia in adult outpatients in beijing, china.etiological epidemiology and diagnosis are important issues in adult community-acquired pneumonia (cap), and identifying pathogens based on patient clinical features is especially a challenge. cap-associated main pathogens in adults include viruses as well as bacteria. however, large-scale epidemiological investigations of adult viral cap in china are still lacking. in this study, we analyzed the etiology of adult cap in beijing, china and constructed diagnostic models based on combinations of p ...201323834931
diagnosis of herpes simplex virus-induced erythema multiforme confounded by previous infection with mycoplasma pneumonia.erythema multiforme (em) is an immune-mediated hypersensitivity reaction often related to viral infection or medications. infection-induced em is typically self-limited and commonly caused by herpes simplex virus (hsv) or mycoplasma pneumoniae (mp); recurrent em is almost always associated with hsv. we present a concise overview of diagnostic techniques for hsv and mp, as repeatedly elevated mp titers in our case led to a delayed diagnosis of hsv-induced em.201323839193
characterization of macrolide resistance of mycoplasma pneumoniae in children in shenzhen, china.macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae (mr-m. pneumoniae) was isolated from clinical specimens in shenzhen, china from november 2010 to july 2011. a comparative study was conducted to determine whether macrolides are effective in treating patients infected with mr-m. pneumoniae. of 57 m. pneumoniae strains, 36 harbored point mutations on a2063g in the 23s ribosomal rna gene. a total of 36 (63%) strains were classified as mr-m. pneumonia and 21 (37%) as macrolide-susceptible m. pneumoniae (ms- ...201423861188
[mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and drug resistance in children: an analysis of 1026 cases].to investigate the mycoplasma pneumoniae (mp) infection and drug resistance in children with respiratory tract infection and to provide a rational basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of mp infection.201323866271
atypical pathogens causing community-acquired pneumonia in adults.to determine the frequency of community-acquired respiratory pathogens with special focus on atypical organisms in patients presenting to a tertiary care facility with community-acquired pneumonia (cap).201223866508
macrolide resistance of mycoplasma pneumoniae, south korea, 2000-2011.in korea, mycoplasma pneumoniae was detected in 255/2,089 respiratory specimens collected during 2000-2011; 80 isolates carried 23s rrna gene mutations, and 69/123 culture-positive samples with the mutation were resistant to 5 macrolides. during 2000-2011, prevalence of the mutation increased substantially. these findings have critical implications for the treatment of children with mycoplasma pneumonia.201323876792
functional analysis of the superfamily 1 dna helicases encoded by mycoplasma pneumoniae and mycoplasma genitalium.the dna recombination and repair machinery of mycoplasma pneumoniae is composed of a limited set of approximately 11 proteins. two of these proteins were predicted to be encoded by neighboring open reading frames (orfs) mpn340 and mpn341. both orfs were found to have sequence similarity with genes that encode proteins belonging to the dna helicase superfamily 1 (sf1). interestingly, while a homolog of the mpn341 orf is present in the genome of mycoplasma genitalium (orf mg244), mpn340 is an m. p ...201323894687
macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in adolescents and adults: clinical findings, drug susceptibility, and therapeutic efficacy.we investigated differences in the clinical findings between 30 patients with macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and 43 patients with macrolide-sensitive m. pneumoniae pneumonia in adolescents and adults. no differences in clinical presentation were observed between the two groups. among patients with macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, treatment was more effective in the groups that received quinolones and minocycline than in the group that received macrolides ...201323896480
reconstitution of an active arginine deiminase pathway in mycoplasma pneumoniae m129.some species of the genus mycoplasma code for the arginine deiminase pathway (adi), which enables these bacteria to produce atp from arginine by the successive reaction of three enzymes: arginine deiminase (arca), ornithine carbamoyltransferase (arcb), and carbamate kinase (arcc). it so far appears that independently isolated strains of mycoplasma pneumoniae encode an almost identical truncated version of the adi pathway in which the proteins arca and arcb have lost their original enzymatic acti ...201323897620
identification and subtyping of clinically relevant human and ruminant mycoplasmas by use of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry.matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) recently emerged as a technology for the identification of bacteria. in this study, we aimed to evaluate its applicability to human and ruminant mycoplasmal identification, which can be demanding and time-consuming when using phenotypic or molecular methods. in addition, maldi-tof ms was tested as a subtyping tool for certain species. a total of 29 main spectra (msp) from 10 human and 13 ruminant mycoplas ...201323903545
mycoplasma pneumoniae outbreak at a university - georgia, 2012.on october 17, 2012, the georgia department of public health (dph) was notified by the fulton county department of health and wellness that a local university, the georgia institute of technology, was experiencing a pneumonia outbreak among students. dph epidemiologists investigated to identify the etiology, find additional cases, and recommend control measures. respiratory swabs collected from students with pneumonia and tested at cdc using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qp ...201323903594
clinicopathologic analysis of coxsackievirus a6 new variant induced widespread mucocutaneous bullous reactions mimicking severe cutaneous adverse reactions.the cutaneous manifestations of human enterovirus (hev) infection are usually limited, such as hand-foot-mouth disease. by comparison, stevens-johnson syndrome (sjs) is a life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse reaction (scar), mainly caused by drugs. during the hev outbreaks in 2010-2012 in taiwan, we identified 21 patients who developed widespread blistering mucocutaneous reactions without any suspected drug causality.201323904296
chlamydia pneumoniae infection-associated erythema multiforme.there is a well-known correlation between herpes simplex (hsv) infection and erythema multiforme (em). more recently, in japan, it was found that chlamydia pneumoniae (cp) may promote the development of em. all cases of cp infection-associated em that had been diagnosed in our clinic over the past two years (from 2011 to 2012) were analyzed. cp infection was diagnosed on the basis of a significant increase (>2.00) in anti-cp igm titers, as measured by the hitazyme-elisa test. there were 7 cases ...201323904964
inhibition of mycoplasma pneumoniae growth by fda-approved anticancer and antiviral nucleoside and nucleobase analogs.mycoplasma pneumoniae (mpn) is a human pathogen that causes acute and chronic respiratory diseases and has been linked to many extrapulmonary diseases. due to the lack of cell wall, mpn is resistant to antibiotics targeting cell wall synthesis such as penicillin. during the last 10 years macrolide-resistant mpn strains have been frequently reported in asian countries and have been spreading to europe and the united states. therefore, new antibiotics are needed. in this study, 30 fda-approved ant ...201323919755
impact of bacterial and viral coinfection on mycoplasmal pneumonia in childhood community-acquired pneumonia.coinfection of mycoplasma pneumoniae is not uncommon in children with respiratory syndromes. the purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of bacterial and viral coinfection on mycoplasmal pneumonia in hospitalized children with community-acquired pneumonia (cap).201523927825
[pulmonary necrotizing cavity caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae infection]. 201323932661
epidemiology of community-acquired mycoplasma pneumoniae respiratory tract infections among hospitalized chinese children, including relationships with meteorological factors.mycoplasma pneumoniae (m. pneumoniae) is a common cause of respiratory tract infections (rtis), especially in children. combined diagnostic techniques have provided more reliable information about the epidemiology of infections by this pathogen. the relationship between m. pneumoniae rtis and climatic conditions is not well documented in the literature.201323935339
development of protective anti-mycoplasma pneumoniae antibodies after immunization of guinea pigs with the combination of a p1-p30 chimeric recombinant protein and chitosan.the attachment organelle of the human respiratory tract pathogen mycoplasma pneumoniae is essential for colonization of the host mucosa. furthermore, adherence-related proteins such as the major adhesin p1 and protein p30 represent vaccine candidates. using the chimeric recombinant protein hp14/30, which combines surface-localized and adherence-involved regions of both proteins, we developed an optimized strategy to immunize guinea pigs. the vaccination protocol includes subcutaneous prime immun ...201323948467
[unusual presentation of a severe mycoplasma pneumoniae infection: report of 2 cases].mycoplasma pneumonia is responsible for multisystemic infection. pulmonary symptoms are most common in children. we describe herein two unusual severe forms of m. pneumoniae infection without initial pulmonary symptoms. the first case is an 8-month-old boy who was hospitalized in the pediatric intensive care unit with severe sepsis. there were no initial pulmonary symptoms, nor obvious clinical infection. initial blood tests and x-ray did not aid the diagnosis. the blood tests came back positive ...201323953627
[changes in plasma levels of thrombomodulin and d-dimer in children with different types of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia].to investigate the changes in plasma levels of thrombomodulin (tm) and d-dimer (dd) in children with different types of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (mpp), and their role in the pathogenesis of mpp in children.201323965872
cluster of macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in illinois in 2012.macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae is an increasing problem worldwide but is not well documented in the united states. we report a cluster of macrolide-resistant m. pneumoniae cases among a mother and two daughters.201323966493
prognostic values of a combination of intervals between respiratory illness and onset of neurological symptoms and elevated serum igm titers in mycoplasma pneumoniae encephalopathy.to retrospectively analyze the clinical manifestations of mycoplasma pneumoniae (m. pneumoniae)-associated encephalopathy in pediatric patients.201423968755
macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae in humans, ontario, canada, 2010-2011.antimicrobial drug resistance rates for mycoplasma pneumoniae was determined in clinical specimens and isolates obtained during 2011-2012 in ontario, canada. of 91 m. pneumoniae drug-resistant specimens, 11 (12.1%) carried nucleotide mutations associated with macrolide resistance in the 23s rrna gene. none of the m. pneumoniae specimens were resistant to fluoroquinolones or tetracyclines.201323968896
hemophagocytic syndrome associated with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.mycoplasma pneumoniae (mp) sometimes causes immunological complications in children. we present a rare case of hemophagocytic syndrome (hps) caused by mp in a previously healthy 7-year-old japanese girl. a chest radiograph obtained to evaluate the source of her fever showed infiltration in the lower right lung with mild splenomegaly. we could diagnose the patient with hps on the basis of the hemophagocytic-lymphohistiocytosis- (hlh) 2004 criteria. she met the criteria for fever, splenomegaly, ne ...201323970989
breed-linked polymorphisms of porcine toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) and tlr4 and the primary investigation on their relationship with prevention against mycoplasma pneumoniae and bacterial lps challenge.toll-like receptors (tlrs) play a crucial role in innate immunity, serving as pattern-recognition receptors and the first barrier in host defense against microbial infections. genetic variations of tlr2 and tlr4 are closely associated with a variety of infectious diseases, particularly lung diseases. in this study, we detected six and four single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in the coding sequences of porcine tlr2 and tlr4 genes, respectively. only snp 1027c>a of tlr4 was shown to be markedly ...201323974322
correlation of bacterial coinfection versus matrix metalloproteinase 9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 expression in aortic aneurysm and atherosclerosis.we searched for any relationship between chlamydophila pneumoniae, mycoplasma pneumoniae, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (mmp-9), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (timp-1) in aneurysmatic atherosclerotic lesions, and whether this relationship differed from that in atherosclerotic nonaneurysmatic lesions.201323993112
[microflora of palatine tonsils in chronic tonsillitis].the objective of the present work was to develop the standardized approaches to pharmacotherapy of chronic tonsillitis based on the data of regional specificity of the tonsillar microflora. the methods of investigations included the study of throat swabs obtained from 668 patients presenting with various forms of chronic tonsillitis (ct). half of these patients were shown to be infected with streptococcus pyogenes and 24.5% with mycoplasma pneumoniae. the presence of concomitant pathology of the ...201324005268
toxic epidermal necrolysis from suspected mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.toxic epidermal necrolysis (ten) is primarily associated with medication use. presented is a patient with likely mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and progression to ten.201324005558
clinical outcomes and macrolide resistance in mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in scotland, uk.mycoplasma pneumoniae has a cyclical, epidemic pattern of infection and the most recent epidemic occurred in europe in 2011. macrolides are recommended for the treatment of m. pneumoniae respiratory tract infection, but macrolide resistance has been reported at low levels in europe. the aim of the study was to examine the clinical impact of the recent m. pneumoniae epidemic in a hospital setting in scotland and to determine whether macrolide-resistant strains are present. data were analysed retr ...201324008501
mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced recurrent stevens-johnson syndrome in children: a case report.mycoplasma pneumoniae, the major pathogen of primary atypical pneumonia, is reported as the most common infectious agent associated with stevens-johnson syndrome (sjs) in children. for that reason it is important to consider mycoplasma infection also in the absence of classical pulmonary symptoms. sjs is a rare and acute, self-limited disease, characterized by severe inflammation and necrosis of two or more mucous membranes. we report the case of a 12-year-old boy with a diagnosis of sjs induced ...201324016288
age-specific mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia-associated myocardial damage in children.to measure mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (mpp)-associated myocardial damage in different age groups of children with pneumonia.201324026772
comparison of mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in asthmatic children versus asthmatic adults.mycoplasma pneumoniae has been implicated in asthma exacerbations and chronic asthma. a 2-year longitudinal study has been conducted to investigate the role of m. pneumoniae infections in 168 and 20 hospitalized children and adults, respectively, with asthma exacerbation compared with outpatients (88 children and 48 adults) with chronic asthma (without an exacerbation). the prevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae and respiratory viruses was also assessed in these 2 populations.201424030350
multiple organ dysfunction syndrome associated with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.in this study, we report one case of a three-year-old boy infected with mycoplasma pneumonia (mp) and presenting concomitant multiple organ damage of the heart, kidney, lung and liver, among others, together with a brief review for the diagnosis and treatment of mp infection with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (mods).201224031822
real-time pcr detection of mycoplasma pneumoniae in respiratory specimens.a real-time pcr assay targeting the phosphotransferase system i gene (ptsi) of mycoplasma pneumoniae was compared to 2 commercially available pcr assays targeting the p1 cytadhesion gene (the lightmix®kit mycoplasma pneumoniae [tib molbiol, adelphia, nj, usa] and m. pneumoniae analyte specific reagent [focus diagnostics, cypress, ca, usa] assays) and to a pcr assay targeting the m. pneumoniae repetitive element, repmp1. thirty previously positive specimens including 15 throat swab, 10 bronchoalv ...201324041553
molecular detection of mycoplasma pneumoniae by quantitative real-time pcr in patients with community acquired pneumonia.mycoplasma pneumoniae is the most important and common cause of community-acquired pneumonia (cap). the conventional detection methods (culture and serology) lack sensitivity. pcr offers a better approach for rapid detection but is prone to carry over contamination during manipulation of amplification products. quantitative real-time pcr (qrt-pcr) method offers an attractive alternative detection method. in the present study, qrt-pcr, pcr and serology methods were used to detect m. pneumoniae in ...201324056602
spectrum of pathogens of in-patient children and youths with community acquired pneumonia: a 3 year survey of a community hospital in vienna, austria.no actual data are available on the epidemiology and morbidity of community acquired pneumonia (cap) in youths and children in vienna, austria.201324081607
sensory polymyeloradiculopathy associated with toscana virus infection.sandfly viruses are arthropod-borne viruses that are endemic in the mediterranean basin. the toscana virus (tosv) is the only serotype of sandfly viruses known to cause neurological symptoms in humans, usually aseptic meningitis or meningoencephalitis. we report a case of a 39-year-old man who was admitted to our department with progressive paresthesias of the lower limbs followed by dysesthesias of the upper thorax after a hiking trip to the netherlands. the patient had also been suffering from ...201324081884
is asthma an infectious disease? new evidence.the pathogenetic mechanisms leading to asthma are likely to be diverse, influenced by multiple genetic polymorphisms as well as elements of the environment. recent data on the microbiome of the airway have revealed intriguing differences between the number and diversity of microbial populations in healthy persons and asthmatics. there is convincing evidence that early viral infections, particularly with human rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus, are often associated with the development o ...201324091724
association of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection with henoch-schonlein purpura.we present a child with henoch-schonlein purpura and mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, an association that was rarely described in the literature. the infection was confirmed serologically and by using pcr.201324093818
chlamydophila pneumoniae and mycoplasma pneumoniae were not identified in sinus mucosa of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.chronic rhinosinusitis is a symptomatic inflammation of the mucosa of the nose and paranasal sinuses lasting for at least 12 weeks. atypical bacteria chlamydophila pneumoniae and mycoplasma pneumoniae are important causes of human respiratory tract infection. also, they were identified in bronchial respiratory epithelium of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma. having in mind the unified airway concept, it is also possible that these bacteria can cause persistent infecti ...201424096817
unilateral widespread lichen planus following blaschko's lines after mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. 201324111945
[etiology of acute respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children in suzhou from 2005 to 2011].to elucidate the etiology of acute respiratory tract infection (ari) in hospitalized children in suzhou from 2005 to 2011.201324113096
prospective evaluation for respiratory pathogens in children with sickle cell disease and acute respiratory illness.human rhinovirus (hrv), human coronavirus (hcov), human bocavirus (hbov), and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infections in children with sickle cell disease have not been well studied.201324123899
[mycoplasma-pneumoniae-associated mucositis].the pathogen mycoplasma pneumonia is a frequent cause of respiratory tract infections, especially in adolescents. less well known is that this infection may also be associated with extrapulmonary manifestations including m. pneumonia associated mucositis (mpam).201324128598
[clinical analysis of 28 cases of bronchiolitis obliterans].to study the clinical features of bronchiolitis obliterans (bo) in children.201324131836
[effect of low-dose methylprednisolone on serum tnf-α level in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia].to investigate the effect of low-dose methylprednisolone on serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-α) level in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (mpp).201324131837
[mycoplasma pneumoniae encephalitis successfully treated by levofloxacin].mycoplasma pneumonia (mp) infection may be associated with several neurological complications. encephalitis, which affects children and rarely young adults, is the most frequent.201524135061
soluble b7-h3 elevations in hospitalized children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.the purpose of this study is to explore the associations between soluble b7-h3 (sb7-h3) and cytokines, clinical characteristics and laboratory findings. thirty-two children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia diagnosed by both positive serology and pcr were admitted to children's hospital affiliated to soochow university. these children were enrolled and evaluated from may 2012 through september 2012. soluble b7-h3 level and cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α (tnf-α), interferon-γ, interleukin ...201324139879
high seroprevalence of mycoplasma pneumoniae igm in acute q fever by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa).q fever is serologically cross-reactive with other intracellular microorganisms. however, studies of the serological status of mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydophila pneumoniae during q fever are rare. we conducted a retrospective serological study of m. pneumoniae and c. pneumoniae by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), a method widely used in clinical practice, in 102 cases of acute q fever, 39 cases of scrub typhus, and 14 cases of murine typhus. the seropositive (57.8%, 7.7%, and 0%, ...201324147043
the 2009 pandemic influenza a(h1n1) coincides with changes in the epidemiology of other viral pathogens causing acute respiratory tract infections in children.in germany, the outbreak of the novel pandemic 2009 influenza a(h1n1) virus a(h1n1)pdm09 caused a wave of high activity between november 2009 and january 2011. the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of 19 respiratory pathogens in children hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infections during the winter influenza seasons of 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 and to observe a possible impact of influenza a(h1n1)pdm09 on the epidemiology of other epidemic viruses.201424150959
cerebellitis and acute obstructive hydrocephalus associated with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.mycoplasma pneumoniae is associated with a variety of extrapulmonary manifestations, including central nervous system inflammation. a 9-year-old boy presented with acute cerebellitis and m. pneumoniae infection, resulting in obstructive hydrocephalus requiring neurosurgical intervention. this case, along with 4 similar ones reported in the literature, suggests a distinct clinicopathologic sequence caused by mycoplasma infection.201424153008
p1 gene of mycoplasma pneumoniae in clinical isolates collected in beijing in 2010 and relationship between genotyping and macrolide resistance.mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common pathogen that caused community-acquired pneumonia (cap). p1 protein served as major adhesion and immunodominant protein in mycoplasma pneumoniae, but little about p1 gene was learned and the relationship between p1 genotype and macrolide resistance has yet to be explored.201324157163
comparative effectiveness of ceftriaxone in combination with a macrolide compared with ceftriaxone alone for pediatric patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia.guidelines for management of community-acquired pneumonia recommend empiric therapy with a macrolide and beta-lactam when infection with mycoplasma pneumoniae is a significant consideration. evidence to support this recommendation is limited. we sought to determine the effectiveness of ceftriaxone alone compared with ceftriaxone combined with a macrolide with respect to length of stay and total hospital costs.201424168982
[etiologic characteristics of adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia in beijing].to explore the etiologic characteristics of adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in beijing.201324169282
[fever, skin rash and blood bullae of the ears in a middle-aged woman].a healthcare worker sought medical advice after four days of fever, muscle pains, occipital headache and blocked ears, and was diagnosed with a high crp level and blood bullae in the outer ear canal. in addition, skin rash appeared during hospital care, and the fever did not seem to go down upon treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics, during which the crp rose to a level of 413 mg/l at the highest. haemorragic bullous otisis was confirmed diagnosis caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae.201324187785
precursor-directed biosynthesis of micacocidin derivatives with activity against mycoplasma pneumoniae.micacocidin is a promising natural product for the treatment of mycoplasma pneumoniae infections. in the biosynthesis of this antibiotic, a fatty acid-amp ligase (faal) activates the starter unit hexanoic acid as acyl-adenylate and forwards it to an iteratively acting polyketide synthase. biochemical analysis of the faal revealed an extended substrate tolerance, thereby opening the door for the modification of a micacocidin residue that is barely accessible via semisynthesis. a total of six new ...201424202877
macrolide resistance of mycoplasma pneumoniae and its detection rate by real-time pcr in primary and tertiary care hospitals.this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of mycoplasma pneumoniae in primary and tertiary care hospitals and its macrolide resistance rate.201324205489
mycoplasma pneumoniae associated stroke in a 3-year-old girl.infectious diseases precede a significant proportion of acute ischemic strokes in children. here, we report a case of acute ischemic stroke in a 3-year-old girl with a mycoplasma pneumonia-associated respiratory tract infection. she developed an acquired prothrombotic state of protein s deficiency and had increased fibrinogen and fibrinogen degradation product levels and increased titer of antinuclear antibodies. however, these conditions were completely alleviated at the 1-month follow-up exami ...201324223604
clinical utility of loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumoniae in children.loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) is a cost-effective and rapid method for identifying mycoplasma pneumoniae (mp). we investigated the utility of the lamp assay in diagnosing mp pneumonia among children in a clinical setting. in this prospective study, the cause of community-acquired pneumonia was evaluated in 111 patients for whom mp was the suspected pathogen. all participants were patients at a city hospital in japan between april 2012 and september 2012. throat swabs for the lamp ...201424227877
[comparison of clinical features and co-infection between pneumonia caused by influenza virus a and pneumonia caused by influenza virus b among children].to compare the clinical features and co-infection between pneumonia caused by influenza virus a (iva) and pneumonia caused by influenza virus b (ivb) among children.201324229596
mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is associated with subacute cough. 201424232705
surveillance of drug-resistance in mycoplasma pneumoniae and analysis of clinical features of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in childhood. 201324238525
erythema bullous multiforme: a complication of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. 201424252790
[miller fisher syndrome with anti gq1b negative in mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia]. 201324255728
role of pathogens in multiple sclerosis.multiple sclerosis (ms) is an inflammatory demyelinating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (cns). although the etiology of ms is unknown, genetic and environmental factors play a role. infectious pathogens are the likely environmental factors involved in the development of ms. pathogens associated with the development or exacerbation of ms include bacteria, such as mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae, the staphylococcus aureus-produced enterotoxins that function as supe ...201724266364
[arterial thrombosis induced by mycoplasma pneumoniae infection: report of two cases]. 201324267140
[progress in studies on mycoplasma pneumoniae-produced community-acquired respiratory distress syndrome toxin]. 201324267145
[mycoplasma pneumoniae respiratory infections in adults: beware atypical cases!]. 201324267763
[acute respiratory failure due to mycoplasma pneumonia].respiratory infections due to mycoplasma pneumoniae are typically mild and subacute. we report the case of a 40-year-old man hospitalized for acute respiratory distress in the context of an acute infection with mycoplasma pneumoniae. radiological and pulmonary function test were consistent with an acute infectious bronchiolitis.201324267769
detection of mycoplasma pneumoniae p1 subtype variations by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis.there were several methods to detect p1 gene variations in mycoplasma pneumoniae. in this study polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) assay was performed to establish a rapid and precise detection method for identifying m. pneumoniae p1 gene variations. we detected p1 gene variations in 109m. pneumoniae clinical isolates from shanghai, china, which were collected from 2009 to 2011 by dgge, and compared this method with the pcr-based restriction frag ...201424268834
assessment of the loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumoniae in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia.rapid diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia is required for timely treatment with effective antibiotics; however, pcr-based methods are often too expensive and technologically intensive for general use in clinical practice. in this study, the efficacy of the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay for diagnosis of m. pneumoniae pneumonia in clinical practice was prospectively evaluated. from july 2011 to march 2012, 531 children hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia we ...201324270147
more complications occur in macrolide-resistant than in macrolide-sensitive mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.we sought to understand the situation of macrolide-resistant genotypes of mycoplasma pneumoniae, and analyze the relationship between macrolide-resistant genotypes and clinical manifestations of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (mpp). full-length sequencing of the 23s rrna gene of m. pneumoniae was performed in 235 nasopharyngeal aspirates (npas) from children with mpp. we also retrospectively compared the clinical characteristics of macrolide-resistant (mr) m. pneumoniae infections and macrolide ...201424277047
clinical features in guillain-barré syndrome with anti-gal-c antibody.guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) has often been associated with antibodies to glycolipids, such as galactocerebroside (gal-c), a component of myelin. whether patients who have gbs with anti-gal-c antibody (gal-c-gbs) more often have demyelinating neuropathy or axonal neuropathy remains controversial. their clinical features have also been unestablished.201424289889
[rapid identification of meningitis due to bacterial pathogens].we constructed a new real-time pcr method to detect causative pathogens in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from patient due to bacterial meningitis. the eight pathogens targeted in the pcr are streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus agalactiae, staphylococcus aurues, neisseria meningitides, listeria monocytogenes, esherichia coli, and mycoplasma pneumoniae. the total time from dna extraction from csf to pcr analysis was 1.5 hour. the pathogens were detected in 72% of the csf sa ...201324291923
severe chest pain caused by mycoplasma myocarditis in an adolescent patient.intermittent chest pain is a common symptom in adolescent patients, which can be attributed to musculoskeletal disorders in the majority of cases. while most patients have a benign course of their pain episodes, the differential diagnosis includes diseases which are associated with serious and even life-threatening complications. therefore, careful examination and systematic diagnostic evaluation is important. we report on an adolescent, who presented with severe chest pain and distinct electroc ...201324293079
first report of macrolide resistance in a mycoplasma pneumoniae isolate causing community-acquired pneumonia in spain. 201424295969
transient parkinsonism following mycoplasma pneumoniae infection with normal brain magnetic resonance imaging (mri).parkinsonism caused by infection is uncommon in children. we report 2 previously healthy children with acute self-limiting parkinsonism following mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, with normal brain magnetic resonance imaging (mri). our case report expands the phenotype of parkinsonism associated with m. pneumoniae infection. we recommend that children with acute parkinsonism preceded by a period of febrile illness, even with a normal brain mri, should be investigated for m. pneumoniae infection.201424309239
[analysis of 11 cases of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection combined with kawasaki disease].to study the clinical characteristics of pediatric kawasaki disease complicating mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.201324319959
the emerging role of community sentinel surveillance in the understanding of the clinical features and epidemiology of acute mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.retrospective analysis of 3984 test results for the detection of mycoplasma pneumoniae performed between 2009 and 2013 in wales was undertaken. analysis of the clinical presentation of positive cases suggested that mild respiratory infection was common in the community and appeared to coincide with increased hospitalizations. symptomatic infection was more prevalent in men, with a median age of 22.6 years (range <1-88 years), and 40% of hospitalized cases presented with pneumonia. inclusion of m ...201424330021
gene and cytokine profile analysis of macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in fukuoka, japan.recent epidemiologic data suggest that the prevalence of macrolide resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae (mr-m. pneumoniae) is increasing rapidly worldwide. this study assessed the present status of m. pneumoniae infection in japan and clinical end-points to distinguish children with mr-m. pneumoniae.201324330612
[mycoplasma and chlamydia as ethiological factors of bronchial asthma in terms of ethnogenesis].the study of the prevalence and clinical peculiarities of mycoplasmosis and chlamydiosis in patients with different pathogenic forms of bronchial asthma (ba) taking into account ethnicity of a patient.201324340964
[study of etiologic factors of infectious diseases of respiratory tract in school-age children during period of remission of a respiratory disease].detect features of microflora of upper respiratory tract on the example of flora of palatine tonsils and level of antibodies against intracellular parasites as markers of etiologic factors of respiratory infections in school-age children in remission period.201324341213
mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in childhood. 201424346598
specific multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis genotypes of mycoplasma pneumoniae are associated with diseases severity and macrolide susceptibility.clinical relevance of multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat (vntr) analysis (mlva) in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) by mycoplasma pneumoniae (m. pneumoniae) is unknown. a multi-center, prospective study was conducted from november 2010 to april 2012. nine hundred and fifty-four cap patients were consecutively enrolled. m. pneumoniae clinical isolates were obtained from throat swabs. mlva typing was applied to all isolates. comparison of pneumonia severity index (psi) and cl ...201324367502
detection and characterization of mycoplasma pneumoniae during an outbreak of respiratory illness at a university.an outbreak at a university in georgia was identified after 83 cases of probable pneumonia were reported among students. respiratory specimens were obtained from 21 students for the outbreak investigation. the taqman array card (tac), a quantitative pcr (qpcr)-based multipathogen detection technology, was used to initially identify mycoplasma pneumoniae as the causative agent in this outbreak. tac demonstrated 100% diagnostic specificity and sensitivity compared to those of the multiplex qpcr as ...201424371236
identification of a mechanism for lung inflammation caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae using a novel mouse model.human mycoplasma pneumoniae (mp) pneumonia is characterized by alveolar infiltration with neutrophils and lymphocytes and lymphocyte/plasma cell infiltrates in the peri-bronchovascular area (pbva). no mouse model has been able to mimic the pathological features seen in human mp pneumonia, such as plasma cell-rich lymphocytic infiltration in pbva. to figure out the mechanism for inflammation by mp infection using a novel mouse model that mimics human mp pneumonia, mice were pre-immunized intraper ...201124371556
respiratory syncytial virus infection in hospitalized children older than 2 years with community-acquired pneumonia.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the main causes of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants and young children. the aims of the present study were to evaluate the role of rsv in children >2 years old hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) and to type the circulating rsv strains.201324376320
three-year study of viral etiology and features of febrile respiratory tract infections in japanese pediatric outpatients.for most febrile respiratory tract infections (rtis) in children, the causative pathogen is never identified. we sought to identify the causative pathogen in individual cases of pediatric outpatient with rtis and to determine whether particular clinical features of rtis are associated with particular viruses.201424378946
in children with respiratory symptoms are mycoplasma pneumoniae pcr and serology clinically significant? 201424385292
a case of mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated encephalomyelitis in a 16-year-old female presenting to an adult teaching hospital.we report a rare cause of encephalitis that is not often described in the adult clinical setting. our case was a 16-year-old female who presented with a clinical picture of viral encephalitis; however, magnetic resonance imaging showed a demyelinating lesion of the left frontal lobe. in this age group, differential diagnoses of acute demyelination encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis were entertained. further investigations demonstrated positive mycoplasma pneumoniae serology. as a result, a ...201324385717
co-infection with orientia tsutsugamushi and mycoplasma pneumoniae in a traveler. 201524388578
characteristics of hospitalized children infected with macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae.the aim of this study was to clarify retrospectively the characteristics of children hospitalized for respiratory tract infection caused by macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae (m. pneumoniae).201424389284
surveillance for hospitalized acute respiratory infection in guatemala.acute respiratory infections (ari) are an important cause of illness and death worldwide, yet data on the etiology of ari and the population-level burden in developing countries are limited. surveillance for ari was conducted at two hospitals in guatemala. patients admitted with at least one sign of acute infection and one sign or symptom of respiratory illness met the criteria for a case of hospitalized ari. nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs were collected and tested by polymerase chain reacti ...201324391792
first report of the hyper-igm syndrome registry of the latin american society for immunodeficiencies: novel mutations, unique infections, and outcomes.hyper-igm (higm) syndrome is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by normal or elevated serum igm levels associated with absent or decreased igg, iga and ige. here we summarize data from the higm syndrome registry of the latin american society for immunodeficiencies (lasid). of the 58 patients from 51 families reported to the registry with the clinical phenotype of higm syndrome, molecular defects were identified in 37 patients thus far. we retrospectively analyzed the clinical, immu ...201424402618
effects of methylprednisolone pulse therapy on refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children.mycoplasma pneumoniae (m. pneumoniae) is one of the most common causes of community-acquired pneumonia in children. the clinical course is typically self-limited and benign; however, rare cases of severe pneumonia can develop despite appropriate antibiotic therapy. we studied the effects of methylprednisolone pulse therapy on severe refractory m. pneumoniae pneumonia in children.201424404389
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