Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| the influence of dietary protein on carcass composition and sexual maturity in a randombred population of japanese quail (r1) and a subline of r1 selected for increased body weight. | 1. selection for body weight in japanese quail has altered the protein requirements for growth and reproductive development in the selected line and randombred control population from which it was developed. 2. in both the selected and randombred lines, the protein requirement for growth is different from that for maximal reproductive development. | 1992 | 1354586 |
| growth and development of lines of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) divergently selected for body weight at 4 weeks of age. | 1. divergent selection for body weight resulted in significant increases and decreases in body weight and the relative weight of the pectoralis major breast muscle in heavy (hw) and light weight (lw) strains of japanese quail compared with a randombred control strain (r1). 2. the relative weights of the abdominal fat pad and total carcass lipid were increased in the hw strain, particularly in the females. 3. sexual maturity was similar in hw and r1 hens but was delayed in the lw hens. hw hens la ... | 1992 | 1354587 |
| gut microflora can modify fatty acid composition in liver and egg yolk lipids of laying japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | 1. the influence of the gut microflora on lipid metabolism was investigated in germ-free (gf) and conventional (cv) laying japanese quail. 2. serum and egg yolk cholesterol concentrations showed comparable values in both gf and cv environments. 3. the fatty acid composition of liver lipids was modified by the presence of gut microflora. notably, in the presence of the gut microflora, proportion of oleic acid was reduced and conversely, stearic and linoleic acids were enhanced. 4. in egg yolk lip ... | 1992 | 1358512 |
| comparative effects of the polychlorinated biphenyl mixture, aroclor 1242, on porphyrin and xenobiotic metabolism in kidney of japanese quail and rat. | 1. aroclor 1242 (500 mg/kg, p.o.) produced a marked increase in porphyrin content of quail kidney (1800-fold), and of rat kidney but to a lesser extent (6-fold). 2. delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase activity was increased 12-fold in quail kidney but was unchanged in rat kidney following aroclor 1242 treatment. 3. uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity was significantly inhibited in quail kidney but not in rat kidney. 4. renal ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase activity was induced in rat and quail ... | 1992 | 1360369 |
| the changes in body temperature, oxygen consumption, co2 production and muscle protein turnover rate by selection for body size in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | 1. body temperature, oxygen consumption, co2 production and muscle protein degradation rate were measured in the three quail lines selected for body size, a random bred line (rr) and two lines selected for large (ll) or small (ss) body size. 2. the body temperature at 15 weeks of age was highest for small body size line and lowest for large body size line. 3. the body temperature, oxygen consumption and co2 production of females were significantly higher than that of males. 4. the fractional deg ... | 1992 | 1361899 |
| production, hatchability and fertility of eggs from breeding japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) fed diets containing furazolidone. | 1. breeding japanese quail were allocated to 8 groups, each group consisting of 20 females and males. the birds were fed one of 4 diets for up to 33 d: a control diet or a diet containing 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg or 1000 mg/kg furazolidone. subsequently, quails were fed a furazolidone-free diet for up to 21 d. egg production, quality, hatchability and fertility of the groups were measured. 2. significant reduction in egg production occurred in birds fed 400 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg furazolidone, the eff ... | 1992 | 1393678 |
| induction of ovarian growth and ovulation by administration of a chicken gonadotrophin preparation to japanese quail kept under a short-day regimen. | 1. chronic administration of a glycoprotein fraction from chicken pituitary using an alzet osmotic pump at 12.5 micrograms/h for 2 weeks induced growth of ovarian follicles to a mature size in the ovary and deposition of yolk in sexually immature 6-week-old japanese quail females which were kept under 8l:16d short-day conditions. however, no ovulation was induced in these birds. 2. injection of 500 micrograms of the glycoprotein into other immature short-day females was performed following the a ... | 1992 | 1393679 |
| fear and distress in japanese quail chicks of two lines genetically selected for low or high adrenocortical response to immobilization stress. | behavioral and adrenocortical reactivity to stressful stimulation was examined in 12- and 13-day-old chicks of two lines of japanese quail selected over several generations for exaggerated (hs: high stress) or reduced (ls: low stress) plasma corticosterone (b) response to brief immobilization stress. plasma b concentrations and tonic immobility (ti) fear reactions were measured in unstressed (control) and stressed (overnight cooping) chicks of both lines. the stress treatment was applied over a ... | 1992 | 1398557 |
| research note: eggshell quality in japanese quail fed different fatty acids. | the purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of diets containing 3% palmitic acid (diet pa), oleic acid (diet oa), or linoleic acid (diet la) on the shell quality of eggs of japanese quail. each diet was fed to 10 hens maintained individually in wire quail laying cages. there was no difference (p greater than .05) in feed consumption between hens fed diets oa and la, but hens of both groups consumed less (p less than .05) feed than those fed diet pa. egg weight, shell weight, an ... | 1992 | 1409241 |
| [the effect of fatty acids in the feed on xanthine dehydrogenase activity in the japanese quail]. | the aim of the present study is to determine the effect of different fatty acids on the amino acid catabolism judged on the level of xanthine dehydrogenase (xdh). the model system of protein depletion with subsequent repletion was used in the trial consisted of japanese quails 71 days old. in the period of protein repletion, the fatty acid (stearic, palmitic, oleic, linolenic, linoleic and lauric, respectively) was used instead of common fatty compound in the diet. specific activities of xdh in ... | 2016 | 1413394 |
| [histology, immunocytology, histochemistry and muscle fiber innervation of the pectoralis major and supracoracoideus muscles of excalfactoria chinensis chinensis (l.)]. | the morphology of the pectoralis major muscle and its antagonist, the supracoracoideus muscle, of the chinese quail was studied in comparison with the japanese quail, in relation to behavioral characteristics. the actomyosin atpase reaction after alkaline and acid preincubation reveals two fibre types. the indirect immunofluorescence, using specific antibodies against 'slow' (twitch) myosin from the human vastus lateralis muscle, provokes a weak reaction. all fibres observed show focal, monoaxon ... | 1992 | 1414211 |
| sources of behavioral deviation modeled by early color preferences in quail. i. behavioral synergism and systemic instability. | differences between population-typical norms of individual variability were studied in five genetic lines of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica); two (bl and rl) were bidirectionally selected for early approach preference between blue and red stimuli, two (hi and lo) for high and low imprintabilities to the same stimuli, and the fifth (cl) was an unselected genetic control line. selection resulted in reliably divergent extreme choice performances and imprintabilities and in progressively ... | 1992 | 1417680 |
| sources of behavioral deviation modeled by early color preferences in quail. ii. diathetic genes and the leftover variance "v(e)". | the sources of deviation from population-typical norms of variability were studied in relation to early approach preferences between colors in newly hatched japanese quail chicks (coturnix coturnix japonica). subjects were drawn from an unselected genetic control line, two genetic lines that were artificially selected for extreme blue and red preferences, their hybrids, and a large set of backcross and assortatively derived generations. large progressive increases were observed with selection in ... | 1992 | 1417681 |
| direct and correlated responses to bidirectional selection for dustbathing activity in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | bidirectional selection was conducted for dustbathing activity in male japanese quail over 17 generations. the response to selection was slightly asymmetrical, due mainly to scale effects and a threshold imposing discontinuity on the visible expression of dustbathing in the low line. correlated responses to selection were found for latency to dustbathe, duration, intensity, and incidence of nonbathers. in general, changes followed linear patterns over time in both lines with the exception of qua ... | 1992 | 1417682 |
| smooth muscle cells in the walls of ovarian follicles in the japanese quail. | the walls of pre-ovulatory follicles of the japanese quail were examined at the ultrastructural level for the presence of cells displaying the typical morphological features of smooth muscle cells. these characteristics were found in the cells of the chordae, the tunica albuginea, and the theca externa. small, elongated cells, containing microfilaments, were observed in the theca of prelampbrush follicles localized in the ovarian cortex. these thecal cells were considered as the putative precurs ... | 1992 | 1423484 |
| subchronic toxicity and reproduction effects of tri-n-butyltin oxide in japanese quail. | a subchronic toxicity/reproduction study was performed in japanese quails that were fed a diet containing 0, 24, 60, and 150 mg tri-n-butyltin oxide (tbto) per kg basal diet for 6 weeks. eggs produced during the 6 weeks of treatment were incubated and hatched, and chicks hatched from eggs collected in weeks 5 and 6 of exposure were reared for 2 weeks. in parent quail, neither diminished food consumption nor any overt toxic or histopathologic signs were observed following exposure to tbto. a stat ... | 1992 | 1444589 |
| study of yolk precursor transport in the avian ovary with the use of horseradish peroxidase. | ovaries of adult japanese quails were exposed in vivo to the exogenous protein horseradish peroxidase (hrp) for varying lengths of time to investigate ultrastructurally the permeability of the wall of these follicles, the protein uptake capacity of granulosa and oocyte and the kinetics of protein uptake in different stages. there is a sudden increase in permeability of the follicle wall from previtellogenesis to vitellogenesis. this is not due to a loss of sealing (tight) junctions in the granul ... | 1992 | 1445788 |
| photoperiodic induction in vitro: the dynamics of gonadotropin-releasing hormone release from hypothalamic explants of the japanese quail. | the japanese quail is a photoperiodic animal that under certain experimental conditions can respond to a single long day with a wave of lh secretion. such a system offers an opportunity to analyze the photoneuroendocrine changes as they occur in real time, especially as all of the neural machinery (photoreceptor, clock, and gnrh system) is believed to lie within the hypothalamus. the first detectable rise in lh occurs at about hour 23 of the long day, and this single inductive event leads to pro ... | 1992 | 1446626 |
| expression of japanese quail ovalbumin in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | a cdna sequence coding for japanese quail ovalbumin was used for the construction of expression plasmid under the adh1 promoter of the yeast shuttle vector pvt101-u. the resulting recombinant expression vector pjk2 was used for the transformation of saccharomyces cerevisiae. expression of quail ovalbumin in yeast cells was demonstrated by western blotting followed by immunochemical detection. | 1992 | 1452097 |
| increased responding to female stimuli as a result of sexual experience: tests of mechanisms of learning. | sexual experience increases the response of males to stimuli provided by female conspecifics in a variety of species. the mechanisms of learning involved in this type of phenomenon were explored in two experiments with japanese quail. the results indicated that instrumental conditioning with copulatory opportunity is not necessary for the acquisition of responding to female cues, and responding is not facilitated by learning about the location of the female. however, the response of males to fem ... | 1992 | 1455010 |
| influence of different photoperiods on development of gonad, cloacal gland and circulating thyroid hormones in male japanese quail coturnix coturnix japonica. | one day old chicks of japanese quail were exposed to different photoperiods (ld, 8:16, 13.5:10.5, 16:8 and ll) and observations (testes weight, cloacal gland size, body weight and circulating thyroxine and triiodothyronine) were taken at the age of 3, 5, 7, 9 and 16 weeks. results indicate that immediate reproductive development occurred in birds exposed to long photoperiods (greater than 12 hr). growth under ld 8:16, was not apparent till 7th week and by 16 weeks, degree of gonadal development ... | 1992 | 1459646 |
| circadian nature of the photoperiodic clock in japanese quail. | the photoperiodic clock in quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) is based upon a rhythm of photoinducibility (phi i) but the extent to which this rhythm is circadian remains unclear. two types of experiment investigated this situation. in the first, gonadectomized quail were adapted to live in periods of darkness by training them on a schedule containing one short day and 3 days of darkness (sd/dd/dd/dd). they were then exposed to a single pulse of 6 or 10 h of light at different times across 3 day ... | 1992 | 1469668 |
| ontogeny of a sexually dimorphic nucleus in the preoptic area of the japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | the nucleus preopticus medianus (pomn) is a sexually dimorphic nucleus in japanese quail (coturnix japonica) that is critically involved in the hormonal activation of male copulatory behavior. the larger volume apparent in males appears to depend upon circulating testosterone [brain res., 416 (1987) 59-68; j. comp. neurol., 303 (1991) 443-456]. the present study determined when during normal development this nucleus becomes dimorphic. pomn and a control nucleus, the nucleus commissurae pallii (n ... | 1992 | 1477957 |
| modulation of aortic protein phosphorylation by benzo(a)pyrene: implications in pah-induced atherogenesis. | the toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzo(a)pyrene, 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, and 3-methylcholanthrene has been associated with alterations in the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and the development of lesions of mesenchymal origin. because phosphorylation of endogenous substrates plays a central role in the regulation of smooth muscle cell growth, the present studies were conducted to evaluate the phosphorylation pattern of medial aortic protein upon rep ... | 2006 | 1479592 |
| cultivation of eimeria tenella in japanese quail embryos (coturnix coturnix japonica). | complete development of eimeria tenella in japanese quail embryos was observed. sporozoites were inoculated into the allantoic cavity of 7-day-old japanese quail embryos (coturnix coturnix japonica), after which the infected embryos were incubated at 41 c. in the chorioallantoic membrane mature first generation schizonts, mature second generation schizonts, and gametes were detected at 48 hr postinoculation of sporozoites (pi), 84 hr pi, and 126 hr pi, respectively. mature gametes and zygotes we ... | 1992 | 1491294 |
| [thr arteries of the male sex organs of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and their development after hatching]. | a total of 83 male japanese quails of the following age groups were used for this study: 11, 18, 25, 32, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43 days, and 7, 9, 17 weeks after hatching. neoprene-latex, tensol-cement, and the china ink were injected via the aortic arch. in most of male japanese quails, the testes are supplied by the a. testicularis originated from the aorta descendens through a common trunk with the a. renalis cranialis. but in only 3 quails had this artery originated directly from the aorta descende ... | 1992 | 1497141 |
| sexual development and free-running period in quail kept in constant darkness. | in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) sexual development may occur in total darkness (dd). linked to sexual maturation, variations of the rhythm of feeding activity were observed: in dd, the amount of activity increased and the period of the free-running rhythm lengthened. during the first weeks in dd all the quails presented a free-running period less than 24 hr (22.3 +/- 0.5 hr; n = 50). at the end of the experiment, the more a bird was mature, the greater the lengthening of its perio ... | 1992 | 1505719 |
| insects feeding on desert bighorn sheep, domestic rabbits, and japanese quail in the santa rosa mountains of southern california. | desert bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis cremnobates), a domestic rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus), and japanese quail (coturnix japonica) were used as bait animals to collect blood-feeding flies in an area of active blue-tongue and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus transmission. precipitin tests were used to confirm the blood source where feasible. eight species of culicoides, members of the leptoconops kerteszi group, simulium spp., anopheles franciscanus, and stomoxys calcitrans were collected f ... | 1992 | 1512887 |
| proliferative responses of quail aortic smooth muscle cells to benzo[a]pyrene: implications in pah-induced atherogenesis. | repeated exposure of avian and rodent species to benzo(a)pyrene (bap) has been associated with the development of aortic lesions of atherosclerotic etiology. because the occurrence of these lesions may involve alterations in the regulation of smooth muscle cell (smc) growth, the present studies were conducted to evaluate the proliferative responses of quail aortic smcs to bap treatment in vivo and in vitro. measurements of [3h]thymidine incorporation and cell growth were conducted in cultured ao ... | 1992 | 1519246 |
| characterisation of newcastle disease viruses isolated in india. | eleven newcastle disease virus (ndv) isolates obtained from outbreaks of disease in chickens (9) and japanese quail (2) in tamil nadu, india were characterised in pathogenicity tests, antigenically, using mouse monoclonal antibodies (mabs), and other established tests devised to distinguish between different strains. all 11 isolates were shown to be highly virulent for chickens. in indirect immunoperoxidase tests used to assess the ability of a panel of 28 mabs to bind to infected cell cultures, ... | 1992 | 1519416 |
| research note: open-field behavior of japanese quail chicks genetically selected for low or high plasma corticosterone response to immobilization stress. | open-field behavior was examined in japanese quail chicks genetically selected for either reduced (ls, low stress) or exaggerated (hs, high stress) plasma corticosterone response to immobilization stress. chicks of the ls line showed less freezing and ambulated sooner than did their hs counterparts. these findings suggest that exposure to an open-field or novel environment elicited less fear in ls than in hs chicks. they also support the suggestion that fearfulness and adrenocortical activation ... | 2006 | 1523189 |
| effect of dietary aflatoxin b1 on the growth response and haematologic changes of young japanese quail. | feeding of aflatoxin b1 at the rate of 0.5 ppm to young japanese quail resulted in significant (p less than 0.01) decrease in body weight gain that became apparent on the third week. there was no significant difference in the mean values of haemoglobin, packed cell volume and total erythrocyte counts of quail chicks given aflatoxin b1 in feed in comparison to those fed on a similar diet without aflatoxin. however, the total leucocyte count revealed an increase on the third week which was due to ... | 1992 | 1528228 |
| influence of cadmium on polychlorobiphenyl uptake, mfo activity, and serum lipid levels in japanese quail. | the effect of cadmium on the metabolism of polychlorobiphenyls (pcbs) (aroclor 1260) was investigated in quails fed diets containing 100 ppm cd, 100 ppm pcbs (aroclor 1260) and 100 ppm cd + 100 ppm pcbs for a period of 45 days. the presence of cd in the diet did not interfere with mfo activity (erod and alde) and cytochrome p-450 enzymes. quails fed simultaneously with cd and pcbs, accumulated pcbs in muscle five times greater than quails fed pcbs only. quails fed with cd-containing diet showed ... | 1992 | 1536603 |
| immunocytochemical and scanning electron microscopic studies of atherosclerosis in japanese quail. | the major cellular components of atherosclerotic lesions in several species have been shown to be smooth muscle cells (smc) and macrophages. many studies suggest the composition of a lesion varies depending on the stage of lesion development. for example, macrophages are believed to be involved in the initial events of fatty streak formation in many animals. this communication presents the first cellular study of quail atherosclerosis and demonstrates the alteration of cellular structure during ... | 1992 | 1539014 |
| the superior cervical ganglia are not necessary for entrainment or persistence of the pineal melatonin rhythm in japanese quail. | the avian pineal exhibits a daily rhythm in the synthesis and secretion of the hormone, melatonin, which is involved in maintaining temporal order within the circadian system of some species. the pineal is richly innervated by sympathetic nerves which originate in the superior cervical ganglia (scg) and, in the chicken, these nerves play a role in generating the melatonin rhythm. in the japanese quail, the pineal melatonin rhythm can be entrained by light perceived directly by the pineal or by l ... | 1992 | 1540830 |
| a comparison of genetic variability in strains of japanese quail selected for heavy body weight. | electrophoretic analyses of body tissues from three strains of japanese quail from the quail genetic stock centre at the university of british columbia, two selected for heavy body weight and one randombred, were carried out to determine whether genetic variations in selected strains were different from randombred strains. in addition, the data were also compared with those obtained from domestic and wild populations in japan. the proportion of polymorphic loci was higher in the heavy strains th ... | 2008 | 1552157 |
| changes in luteinizing hormone receptors in the granulosa and theca layers of the ovarian follicle during follicular maturation in the japanese quail. | attempts were made to reveal changes in number and affinity of lh receptors in the avian ovary during the course of the final maturation of follicles. first, we characterized the hormone binding properties of lh receptors in ovarian follicles of the japanese quail by incubating a crude plasma membrane preparation of follicle layer with radioiodinated chicken lh prepared by a recently devised method. specific lh receptors with common binding properties were detected in both granulosa and theca la ... | 1992 | 1563613 |
| characterization of the toxicity of the mycotoxins aflatoxin, ochratoxin, and t-2 toxin in game birds. iii. bobwhite and japanese quail. | bobwhite and japanese quail were fed diets containing 1.25, 2.50, or 5.00 ppm aflatoxin; 1, 2, or 4 ppm ochratoxin a (oa); or 4, 8, or 16 ppm t-2 toxin. aflatoxin induced mortality in bobwhites during the second and third week with 1.25 ppm (10%), 2.50 ppm (30%), and 5.00 ppm (40%), and during the same period with t-2 toxin at 8 ppm (20%) and 16 ppm (22.5%). body weights of bobwhite quail were significantly decreased by the two higher levels of aflatoxin by 2 weeks of age, and by the two higher ... | 2013 | 1567307 |
| renewal and proliferation of spermatogonia during spermatogenesis in the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | four different types of spermatogonia were identified in the seminiferous tubules of the japanese quail: a dark type a (ad), 2 pale a types (ap1 and ap2), and a type b. a model is proposed describing the process of spermatogonial development in the quail. the ad spermatogonia are considered to be the stem cells. each divides to produce a new ad spermatogonium and a ap1 spermatogonium during stage ix of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium. an ap1 spermatogonium produces two ap2 spermatogonia ... | 1992 | 1571970 |
| annual changes in levels of plasma lh and size of cloacal protrusion in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) housed in outdoor cages under natural conditions. | japanese quail of the strain used in our laboratory do not show a complete decrease in levels of circulating luteinizing hormone (lh) concentrations and show no collapse of the testes following their transfer from long to short days under laboratory conditions. thus, merely manipulating photoperiods in the laboratory does not simulate an annual breeding cycle. to see whether an annual breeding cycle does exist in "our" quail under natural conditions, mature male birds were housed in individual c ... | 1992 | 1577244 |
| termination of lh secretion in japanese quail due to high- and low-temperature cycles and short daily photoperiods. | mature male japanese quail were transferred from 16l:8d (19 degrees) to one of the following combinations of daily light-dark and temperature cycles, 8l:16d (12 hr, 19 degrees:12 hr, 9 degrees), 12l:12d (12 hr, 19 degrees:12 hr, 9 degrees) and 12l:12d (16 hr, 19 degrees:8 hr, 9 degrees). the low temperature is for the middle of the dark period in each treatment. in the control groups, birds were transferred to the same photoperiodic conditions as the experimental groups, but without changes in a ... | 1992 | 1577245 |
| immunocytochemical localization of androgen receptors in the male songbird and quail brain. | the distribution of androgen receptors was studied in the brain of the japanese quail (coturnix japonica), the zebra finch (taeniopygia guttata), and the canary (serinus canaria) by immunocytochemistry with a polyclonal antibody (ar32) raised in rabbit against a synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence located at the n-terminus of the androgen receptor molecule. in quail, androgen receptor-immunoreactive cells were observed in the nucleus intercollicularis and in various nuclei of the preop ... | 1992 | 1578004 |
| studies on avian spinal cord chimeras. i. neurological and histological manifestations. | spinal cord chimeras were produced by replacing a small fragment of neural tube of a 2-day-old white leghorn chicken embryo with a similar fragment from a japanese quail embryo. the embryo mortality was 61%, and 72% of hatched birds were 'cripples' and had to be sacrificed within 5 days after hatching. forty-nine chimeras, 10.9% of the total number of operated embryos, were alive for more than 3 weeks. for at least 17 days after hatching, all birds behaved like normal chicks, and the grey quail- ... | 1992 | 1582699 |
| studies on avian spinal cord chimeras. ii. immune response of the chicken host to the graft of quail tissue. | a previous study described clinical and pathological manifestations observed in 49 chimeras produced by replacing a small fragment of the neural tube of a chicken embryo by a similar fragment from a japanese quail embryo. predominant antibodies in sera of these birds were directed against xenogeneic antigens which are devoid of organ specificity and which are present in quail tissues but absent from chicken tissues. mixed agglutination test with quail cell monolayers detected such antibodies in ... | 1992 | 1582700 |
| research note: antioxidant activity of japanese quail liver cytosol in the absence and presence of reduced glutathione. | the antioxidant activity of japanese quail liver cytosol was assessed in the presence of .1, 1.0, or 10.0 mm reduced glutathione (gsh) using an in vitro assay system that utilized quail liver microsomes as the lipid substrate. the formation of malonaldehyde (ma), an indicator of lipid peroxidation, was reduced (p less than .01) by 1.0 and 10.0 mm gsh, even in the absence of cytosolic protein. cytosolic protein at a level of 1 mg/ml of assay medium did not further reduce ma formation at any of th ... | 1992 | 1608887 |
| evidence for genetic etiology of heteroploidy in embryos of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the japanese quail was used as an experimental system to detect the effects of genes that affect chromosome behavior and distribution. from a random-bred population, three inbred generations were produced by full-sib matings in 36 families. the expectation from such a breeding scheme was that embryos bearing aberrations induced by recessive mutant genes would cluster within families and recur in particular lineages. chromosomal aberrations caused by errors during fertilization, cleavage mitosis, ... | 1992 | 1611913 |
| behavioral demasculinization of female quail is induced by estrogens: studies with the new aromatase inhibitor, r76713. | the injection before day 12 of incubation of estradiol benzoate (eb) into japanese quail eggs produces a complete behavioral demasculinization of adult males that will hatch from these eggs. these males never show copulatory behavior even after administration of high levels of exogenous testosterone (t). it is usually assumed that such a demasculinization normally takes place in female embryos under the influence of endogenous estrogens but few experimental data are available to confirm the vali ... | 1992 | 1612564 |
| multilocus dna fingerprints in gallinaceous birds: general approach and problems. | multilocus profiles were investigated in five different species of galliformes (ring-necked pheasant phasianus colchicus, indian peafowl pavo cristatus, japanese quail coturnix coturnix japonica, domestic chicken gallus gallus, and red grouse lagopus lagopus scoticus) using two human multilocus probes (33.6 and 33.15) in combination with each of four restriction enzymes (alui, ddei, haeiii or hinfi). all the species show a dna fingerprint-like pattern using at least one restriction enzyme in com ... | 1992 | 1612925 |
| effect of feeding palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acids to japanese quail hens (coturnix coturnix japonica). 2. maternal diets and stage of incubation on the lipid metabolism of quail embryos. | an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of diets containing 3% of either palmitic acid (diet pa), oleic acid (diet oa), or linoleic acid (diet la) and three stages of development (days 11, 13, and 15 of incubation) on 1) weights of yolk plus yolk sac membrane (ty), yolk sac membrane (ysm), yolk, liver, and extrahepatic tissue (et); and 2) the fatty acid composition of phospholipid, triglyceride, and cholesterol ester fractions of ysm and et of quail embryos. embryos from birds fed di ... | 1992 | 1614943 |
| the hypotrophic axonopathy mutant in japanese quail. | a new behavioral mutant showing either head or body quivering, or both, was found in japanese quail. this trait was characterized by neurofilament deficiency in the axons of the cervical spinal cord and the optic and sciatic nerves and was named "hypotrophic axonopathy." this character was shown to be controlled by an autosomal recessive gene, for which the gene symbol hax was proposed. | 2003 | 1624771 |
| serum esterase inhibition in birds: a nondestructive biomarker to assess organophosphorus and carbamate contamination. | with the aim of proposing a nondestructive biomarker for monitoring the toxicological risk to birds of exposure to the organophosphorus insecticide azamethiphos and the carbamate insecticide methomyl, laboratory studies were performed on serum "b" esterases in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). the birds received two single dose treatments of each compound (azamethiphos and methomyl), i.e., 50 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg respectively. in the first treatment, serum butyrylcholinesterase (bche) ... | 1992 | 1637204 |
| plasma and yolk cholesterol levels in japanese quail divergently selected for plasma cholesterol response to adrenocorticotropin. | studies were conducted to determine the effect of divergent selection for plasma cholesterol response to adrenocorticotropin (acth) on the levels and relationships between plasma and yolk cholesterol in japanese quail. cholesterol data were obtained in generation 25, following seven generations of relaxed selection, from birds maintained under a normal environment with no exposure to exogenous acth. levels of plasma and yolk cholesterol were determined at 22 and 28 wk. plasma cholesterol levels ... | 1991 | 1646444 |
| jun inhibits myogenic differentiation. | myoblasts from skeletal muscle of chicken or japanese quail embryos were infected with avian sarcoma virus 17 (asv-17), a retrovirus carrying the jun oncogene. at high multiplicities of infection asv-17-induced morphologic transformation inhibited fusion of myoblasts into myotubes and stimulated extended replication. the expression of the muscle-specific proteins desmin, myosin and creatine phosphokinase was inhibited in asv-17-infected cultures. immunofluorescent staining detected strong expres ... | 1991 | 1656361 |
| gonadal regulation of gabaa receptors in the different brain areas of the male japanese quail. | quantitative autoradiography was used to investigate the distribution and effects of gonadal hormones on [3h] muscimol (specific gabaa receptor ligand) binding in the male japanese quail brain. in gonadally intact japanese quail brains, [3h] muscimol revealed a heterogeneous distribution with high gabaa receptor levels in the cerebellum pars granularis (656 fmol/mg wet weight of tissue) and in the pars molecularis (405 fmol/mg wet weight of tissue). low receptor levels were found in the nucleus ... | 1991 | 1664340 |
| body, abdominal fat, and testes weights, and line by sex interactions in japanese quail divergently selected for plasma cholesterol response to adrenocorticotropin. | line by sex interactions of bw, abdominal fat, testes weight, and plasma cholesterol were investigated in two japanese quail lines. high (h-pchol) and low (l-pchol) quail lines had been developed by 18 generations of divergent selection for plasma cholesterol response to adrenocorticotropin (acth). quail were from generation 28 breeders maintained under a normal environment with no exposure to exogenous acth after generation 18. quail from growth-selected lines were also used to examine relation ... | 1991 | 1664517 |
| a sex-dependent influence of testosterone on the dorso-medial neuronal population of the japanese quail intercollicular nucleus. | the nucleus intercollicularis in quail is implicated in the control of a number of vocalizations. it is also a target structure for steroids and includes high numbers of cells containing androgen and estrogen receptors. we recently demonstrated that in another steroid target, the medial preoptic nucleus, the effects of testosterone are paralleled by significant changes in the neuronal size. a morphometrical analysis of the nucleus intercollicularis was therefore undertaken in male and female jap ... | 1991 | 1666401 |
| [histological and histochemical changes in the neck muscles of spontaneously occurring scoliosis in a special strain of japanese quail, sqohm]. | a strain of japanese quail, sqohm, is known as a model of idiopathic scoliosis in humans. it shows hereditary scoliotic deformities occurring in the cervical region. histological, histochemical and serological studies were performed in 51 scoliotic and 109 non-scoliotic quail. histological study revealed internal nuclei and tiny groups of small fibers in the neck muscles. the incidence of these, however, was only 19% in the scoliotic and 7% in the non-scoliotic quail. histochemical observation w ... | 1990 | 1696302 |
| a checkerboard pattern manifested by the oviduct epithelium of the japanese quail. | the oviduct epithelium of the japanese quail is a monolayered epithelium consisting of two types of columnar cells, goblet type gland (g-) cells and ciliated (c-) cells. we found these cells to be arranged in a checkerboard pattern. three types of cell boundaries formed between the two different types of cells were examined statistically at various levels of the columnar cells. there was a tendency on the part of the cells to form boundaries between g- and c- cells rather than between two c- cel ... | 1990 | 1702680 |
| nucleotide sequence and evolution of coding and noncoding regions of a quail mitochondrial genome. | segments of the japanese quail mitochondrial genome encompassing many trna and protein genes, the small and part of the large rrna genes, and the control region have been cloned and sequenced. analysis of the relative position of these genes confirmed that the trna(glu) and nd6 genes in galliform mitochondrial dna are located immediately adjacent to the control region of the molecule instead of between the cytochrome b and nd5 genes as in other vertebrates. japanese quail and chicken display ano ... | 1991 | 1706782 |
| immunoreactive endothelin in plasma of nonmammalian vertebrates. | immunoreactive endothelin (ir-et) was estimated in plasma of nonmammalian vertebrates, using radioimmunoassay (ria) for endothelin-1 (et-1). blood samples were collected from unanesthetized animals. plasma et was determined by ria after extraction. plasma levels of ir-et were 0.7 +/- 0.2 pg/ml (n = 6) in the hagfish eptatretus burgeri, 4.3 +/- 0.9 pg/ml (n = 5) in the banded dogfish triakis scyllia, 3.6 +/- 0.8 pg/ml (n = 3) in the common japanese conger conger myriaster, 9.6 +/- 1.4 pg/ml (n = ... | 1991 | 1725396 |
| testosterone effects on staining density and autoradiographic investigations of the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor in the medial preoptic nucleus of the japanese quail: relationship to the activation of reproductive behavior. | the effects of gonadectomy combined or not with testosterone (t) therapy on the sexual behavior, cloacal gland area, staining density and alpha 2-adrenergic receptors in the medial preoptic nucleus (pom) were studied in male and female japanese quail. in castrated males, t increased the cloacal gland size and activated copulatory behavior. in agreement with previous reports, these effects were sexually differentiated: under the influence of t, cloacal gland growth was smaller and this treatment ... | 1991 | 1725736 |
| interactions of plant zinc and plant species on the bioavailability of plant cadmium to japanese quail fed lettuce and spinach. | many cadmium-contaminated environments contain high levels of zinc. the effects of plant zn and plant species on plant cd bioavailability were tested in japanese quail fed lettuce and spinach. four groups of birds received 10% of their diets as lettuce or spinach leaves intrinsically labeled with 109cd and containing low or high intrinsic zn. two other groups were fed control diets containing 109cd as cdso4 and low or high zn as znco3. cadmium concentrations in diets ranged from 0.857 to 1.05 mi ... | 1992 | 1740097 |
| dotted white--a plumage color mutant in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | a plumage color mutant, dotted white (dtw), of japanese quail is described in this paper. the adult dtw mutant shows white plumage with a small colored spot on the head and/or back. the pigmented spots invariably appear on the dorsal region and never on the ventral region of the body. some birds lack colored spots and show pure white plumage. the chick of the dtw mutant shows cream yellow plumules similar to those of the white leghorn chick. colored spots also exist as in adults, and its colorat ... | 1992 | 1740163 |
| light- and electron-microscopic observations on the relationship between prelampbrush oocytes and surrounding granulosa cells in the laying japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | transmission electronmicroscopic (tem) observations demonstrated that the most superficial region of quail oocytes during the prelampbrush stage differs locally from the deeper ooplasm and is an active zone which forms exooplasmic cones, ridges or knob-like protrusions in the direction of/or in the granulosa cells. this exooplasm, in which no mitochondria were seen, is separated from the endooplasm, by a narrow interrupted filamentous layer. using a lipid-preserving method of fixation, morpholog ... | 1991 | 1747204 |
| stumpy limb--an embryonic lethal mutation in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | an embryonic lethal mutant was found in japanese quail and named "stumpy limb (sl)". all sl embryos died at pre-hatching stages, showing brachycephaly, a thickened neck, short upper and lower beaks, and short and thick extremities, while their body length was similar to that of the normal embryos. observations on the skeleton revealed a globular skull, unusual curvature of the processus palatinus maxillaris of the upper beak, and shortening and thickening of the appendicular bones. some embryos ... | 1991 | 1748170 |
| effects of long term 2% fish oil supplements on tissue fatty acids, phospholipids, cholesterol, and arterial histology in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the effects of 2% olive oil (oo) or fish oil (fo) (super epa500) dietary supplementation (9 months) on japanese "sea" quail was investigated. the animals were examined for tissue biochemical changes and possible blood vessel fatty deposition. the fatty acids of blood and tissue extracts from heart, liver and fat were analyzed by gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry. the ratio of arachidonic acid to eicosapentaenoic or docosahexaenoic acid was markedly decreased in fo treated animals compared to ... | 1991 | 1750803 |
| influence of hypergravity on the ph profile and proteolytic activity of the avian gastrointestinal tract. | the present study deals with the effect of hypergravity (2xg) on the ph and on the proteolytic activity in the digesta of the gastrointestinal tract of japanese quails during intense growth. the birds were raised on a semisynthetic diet containing free amino acids (a) and a commercial diet (b). during days 35 till 40 post-hatching the quails were exposed to hypergravity (2xg) using a specially designed centrifuge. on days 40 (experimental group, 2xg) and 41 (control group, 1xg) the animals were ... | 1991 | 1751480 |
| [conformation of the third domain of turkey ovomucoid in solution. structural analysis by two-dimensional overhauser nuclear effect spectroscopy]. | the conformations of a polypeptide chain of turkey ovomucoid third domain and its modified form with split reactive site peptide bond leu-18--glu-19 have been determined by the literary two-dimensional nuclear overhauser effect spectroscopy data using an earlier suggested method. it has been found that the polypeptide domain backbone contains an alpha-helical fragment (residues 32-47), five segments having extended conformation (1-5, 11-17, 19-25, 29-31, 48-50) and beta-turn type 1 (26-29). segm ... | 1991 | 1753953 |
| research note: lack of an effect of high levels of menadione on tumor development in japanese quail females. | the objective of the experiment was to study the influence of a high but nontoxic dietary level of menadione (vitamin k3) on the incidence of leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas in the oviduct of females from various lines of japanese quail. analyzed values of vitamin k3 per 1,000 kg of feed were 7.37 g in the control diet, and 149.6, 1,722, and 3,722 g for the experimental diets from 0 to 4, 5 to 8, and after 8 wk of age, respectively. females were killed after they had been in production for 158 da ... | 1991 | 1754553 |
| effects of in ovo estradiol benzoate treatments on sexual behavior and size of neurons in the sexually dimorphic medial preoptic nucleus of japanese quail. | in male japanese quail, the injection of estradiol benzoate (eb) in the egg causes a complete loss of the testosterone (t)-induced copulatory behavior (behavioral demasculinization). this treatment is only effective if performed before day 12 of incubation. this suggests that embryonic estrogens affect in a permanent way brain structures controlling sexual behavior. the medial preoptic nucleus (pom) is the only sexually dimorphic brain nucleus identified in quail and it is a key center for the a ... | 1991 | 1756391 |
| is the "mammalian" brown fat-specific mitochondrial uncoupling protein present in adipose tissues of birds? | 1. mitochondria were isolated from the furcular, subcutaneous, abdominal, nape and lateral adipose tissue depots of five species of bird (pheasant, japanese quail, pigeon, house sparrow and great tit) acclimatized to the northern winter. 2. mitochondrial proteins were separated by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, blotted onto nitrocellulose membranes, and probed for the presence of the 32,000-33,000 mr uncoupling protein characteristic of "mammalian" brown adipose tissue, using an anti-(g ... | 1991 | 1756620 |
| a comparative study of the structure of egg-white riboflavin binding protein from the domestic fowl and japanese quail. | 1. the riboflavin binding proteins from domestic fowl and japanese quail have been isolated and their structures compared by circular dichroism, fluorescence and peptide mapping. 2. the two proteins have similar secondary structures, but differ in their tertiary structures as reflected in the environments of aromatic amino acid side chains. 3. differences in amino acid sequence between the proteins are indicated by the digestion patterns obtained with thermolysin, chymotrypsin and v8 proteinase ... | 1991 | 1756622 |
| genetic polymorphism of erythrocyte histone h1 in japanese quail. | histone h1 from erythrocytes of japanese quail was resolved in a sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds)-polyacrylamide gel into five fractions differing in apparent molecular weights. a polymorphism of histone h1.1, h1.2, and h1.3 bands was detected among quail individuals. while some birds possessed either a high (phenotype .3+) or a low (phenotype .3+/.3-) level of h1.3, at least half of the quail population lacked this h1 band (phenotype .3-). appropriate genetic crosses demonstrated that h1.3 behaved ... | 1991 | 1772400 |
| immunocytochemical distribution of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the central nervous system of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | in the present study we detailed the distribution of gfap-immunopositive structures within the central nervous system of the japanese quail. different fixation and embedding procedures were applied. the best results were obtained on frozen cryostatic sections from freshly dissected brains subsequently fixed by a short immersion in cold acetone. immunopositive structures were observed both with immunofluorescence, and with immunoperoxidase methods. immunoreactive cell bodies and processes were ob ... | 1991 | 1776703 |
| variability of c-banding patterns in japanese quail chromosomes. | observations were made of the c-banding patterns in several cells from 182 japanese quail embryos to detect presence of stable variants. each of the eight largest autosomes contains a c-band at the centromeric region. the short arm of autosome 8 is c-band positive, as is the entire w chromosome. the z chromosome consistently contains an interstitial c-band in the long arm and a less prominent one in the short arm. distinct variants of chromosome 4 and the z chromosome were observed. in the z chr ... | 1991 | 1778471 |
| studies on clinical signs and haematological alterations in pneumonic aspergillosis due to aspergillus flavus in japanese quail. | intratracheal inoculation of 2-week old quail chicks with aspergillus flavus spores resulted in the development of clinical signs within 24 h of infection. these were characterized by dullness, depression, anorexia, accelerated breathing, gasping and prostration leading to death. these signs continued up to 7 days followed by considerable decrease in the intensity of the symptoms as well as number of birds showing clinical signs. mortality occurred primarily in the first week with a majority of ... | 1991 | 1779994 |
| effect of feeding palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acids to japanese quail hens (coturnix coturnix japonica). 1. reproductive performance and tissue fatty acids. | a study was conducted to evaluate the effects of diets containing 3% of either palmitic acid (diet pa), oleic acid (diet oa), or linoleic acid (diet la) on reproductive performance, fatty acid composition of egg yolk, plasma, and liver, and total plasma phosphorus of japanese quail. each diet was fed to 20 individually caged hens from 5 wk of age. a 24-wk production period started at 8 wk of age. fertile eggs for incubation were obtained by placing at random a male in the cage with the female fo ... | 1991 | 1784570 |
| hereditary hypotrophic axonopathy with neurofilament deficiency in a mutant strain of the japanese quail. | a primary axonal disease affecting the central and peripheral nervous system was discovered in a new mutant strain of the japanese quail, named quiver (quv). quv showed significantly smaller cross-sectional areas of the cervical spinal cord and the optic and sciatic nerves, when compared with controls by light microscopic morphometry. in the cervical spinal cord, electron microscopic morphometry indicated that myelinated axons in quv were significantly smaller in size than in controls, though gr ... | 1991 | 1785256 |
| retinally perceived light can entrain the pineal melatonin rhythm in japanese quail. | the avian pineal organ contains a circadian oscillator that can drive a daily rhythm of melatonin synthesis. in some avian species the pineal organ may act, via the cyclic release of melatonin, as a pacemaker within a multioscillator circadian system. the routes by which light entrains the pineal melatonin rhythm were investigated in the japanese quail. a 'patching' protocol was used to expose directly either the eyes or the pineal to a light-dark cycle while the rest of the bird was exposed to ... | 1991 | 1786552 |
| studies on the substrate specificity of neutral alpha-mannosidase purified from japanese quail oviduct by using sugar chains from glycoproteins. | the substrate specificity of neutral alpha-mannosidase purified from japanese quail oviduct [oku, h., hase, s., & ikenaka, t. (1991) j. biochem. 110, 29-34] was analyzed by using 21 oligomannose-type sugar chains. the enzyme activated with co2+ hydrolyzed the man alpha 1-3 and man alpha 1-6 bonds from the non-reducing termini of man alpha 1-6(man alpha 1-3)man alpha 1-6(man alpha 1-3)man beta 1-4glcnac beta 1-4glcnac (m5a), but hardly hydrolyzed the man alpha 1-2 bonds of man9glcnac2. the hydrol ... | 1991 | 1794989 |
| lipogenesis depending on sexual maturity in female japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | 1. lipid biosynthesis in the liver as well as transport into the follicles in japanese quail were investigated depending on sexual maturity at 5, 7, 9 and 11 weeks of age. lipogenesis of the liver and incorporation of lipid into the follicles were determined by administering [1-14c]sodium acetate. 2. body weight increased up to 9 weeks of age, whereas the weight of the liver and follicle did not alter after 7 weeks of age. 3. fatty acid synthesis in the liver was at its highest at 7 weeks of age ... | 1991 | 1799977 |
| effects of antiestrogenic compounds on avian medullary bone formation. | administration of estradiol to male japanese quail induced the formation of medullary bone in the marrow cavities of the bird's femora and tibiae. this was accompanied by increased serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase activity. we examined the effects of two structurally distinct "antiestrogens" on the estrogen-induced formation of medullary bone in this quail model. trioxifene (ly133314) and tamoxifen are members of a group of compounds commonly referred to as antiestro ... | 1991 | 1805547 |
| effects of castration and testosterone treatment on the development and involution of the bursa of fabricius and the thymus in the japanese quail. | we investigated the effects of castration on the development of lymphoid organs (bursa of fabricius, thymus, and spleen) in the japanese quail during 4-8 weeks of age under a long photoperiod (16l:8d) and the effect of testosterone implantation on the involution of the lymphoid organs under long (16l:8d) and short (8l:16d) photoperiods. under 16l:8d, the bursa of fabricius and thymus in intact quail grew rapidly and reached a peak at 6 weeks of age and regressed thereafter. in contrast, developm ... | 1991 | 1808023 |
| changes in organ growth pattern associated with long-term selection for high growth rate in quail. | data are presented on the pattern of organ growth in embryos from a line of japanese quail selected for high growth rate and compared with those from a non-selected control line. the data reveal that the increased growth rate post hatching is accompanied by a more rapid early development of the digestive organs. it appears from these results that the "genes for" growth rate are the "genes for" early growth of the digestive organs. | 1991 | 1813440 |
| genetic factors accountable for line-specific dna fingerprint bands in quail. | dna fingerprints, prepared from mixes of dna of individuals sampled from lines of japanese quail selected for high or low 4-week body weight, were used to evaluate the relative contribution of several evolutionary forces to genetic diversity among populations. comparisons between lines--two replicates of each selection direction and a control unselected line--were used to determine the frequency of line-specific dna fingerprint bands produced by each of three major evolutionary forces: 1) mutati ... | 1991 | 1831158 |
| establishment and characterization of a thymidine kinase deficient avian fibroblast cell line derived from a japanese quail cell line, qt35. | an avian thymidine kinase deficient (tk-) fibroblast cell line (qttk-) was established from a japanese quail cell line, qt35, and characterized the biological properties. qttk- could grow in the presence of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (budr, 100 micrograms/ml) and not in the growth medium with hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thymidine. compared to qt35 cells, the 3h-thymidine incorporation of the qttk- cells and the tk activity of the cell extract significantly decreased to 0.3% and 0.5%, respectively. in ... | 1991 | 1832032 |
| parasitism of toxocara canis larvae in japanese quails by inoculation of the ascarid eggs. | the distribution of t. canis larvae and pathological changes caused by them were studied in japanese quails orally inoculated with 1,500, 4,000 or 15,000 embryonated eggs. larvae were distributed mainly in the liver and, to lesser extent, in the muscles, brain, eyes and other organs. the number of larvae varied from 7 to 3,346, and from 1 to 288 in the liver and muscles (breast and legs), respectively. a small number of larvae were also recovered from the heart, gizzard, brain and eyes. in the g ... | 1991 | 1836373 |
| divergent selection for growth in japanese quail under split and complete nutritional environments. 5. feed intake and efficiency patterns following nineteen generations of selection. | high (h) and low (l) quail lines divergently selected for 4-wk bw under complete-diet (cd) and split-diet (sd) environments were evaluated to examine changes in feed intake and feed efficiency before and after the age at selection. progeny from the four quail lines (h-sd, l-sd, h-cd, l-cd) were fed the cd in generation 17 and the sd in generation 19. the bw of h-line quail were highest under their respective selection environments, and the bw of quail in the l lines were highest under reciprocal ... | 1991 | 1852682 |
| protein structure and cdna nucleotide sequence of the japanese quail alpha a globin. | the primary structure of the alpha polypeptide chain (alpha a) of the major component (qii) of japanese quail hemoglobin was determined by protein and cdna sequence analysis. the amino-acid sequences of all the soluble tryptic peptides were determined by the conventional protein sequencing technology. the sequence of the remaining portion, which contained an insoluble "core region", was determined through determination of the cdna nucleotide sequence. the cdna clones coding for the alpha a globi ... | 1991 | 1859627 |
| discriminating the sex of conspecifics by male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | how male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) discriminate the sex of conspecifics at a distance was investigated by testing subjects with male and female stimulus birds on the other side of a small window after opportunities to copulate with females and again after repeated exposures to males in the absence of copulatory opportunity. time spent near the window, frequency of window approaches, duration of window visits, rate of walking near the window, line crossings outside the window ar ... | 1991 | 1860310 |
| refined x-ray crystal structures of the reactive site modified ovomucoid inhibitor third domains from silver pheasant (omsvp3*) and from japanese quail (omjpq3*). | tetragonal and triclinic crystals of two ovomucoid inhibitor third domains from silver pheasant and japanese quail, modified at their reactive site bonds met18-glu19 (omsvp3*) and lys18-asp19 (omjpq3*), respectively, were obtained. their molecular and crystal structures were solved using x-ray data to 2.5 a and 1.55 a by means of patterson search methods using truncated models of the intact (virgin) inhibitors as search models. both structures were crystallographically refined to r-values of 0.1 ... | 1991 | 1870129 |
| effect of 12 hr temporal relation of serotonin and dopamine precursor drugs (5-htp and l-dopa) on photosexual responses of immature japanese quail. | to study the interaction of photoperiod and circadian neurotransmitter activity, l-dopa l-dihydroxyphenylalanine, dopamine precursor) was administered daily, 12 hr after 5-htp (5-hydroxy tryptophan, serotonin precursor) in sexually immature japanese quail, raised under short photoperiod (ld8:16) since hatching. the 12 hr treatment of 5-htp and l-dopa was given under continuous condition of light for 11 days. after treatment the quail were transferred to intermediate day length (ld 13.5:10.5). th ... | 1991 | 1874551 |
| plasma melatonin levels in japanese quail exposed to dim light are determined by subjective interpretation of day and night, not light intensity. | plasma melatonin levels were measured in male japanese quail exposed to lighting schedules consisting of combinations of bright light (2000 or 1500 lx), darkness, or dim light (2 lx) or to constant dim light. melatonin levels in dim light were dependent upon the relative intensity of accompanying phases, being significantly higher when dim light was subjective night than when it was subjective day. there was no significant melatonin rhythm in constant dim light, even on the first day of constant ... | 1991 | 1879654 |
| avian lhrh during embryonic development: measurement by competitive elisa with a monoclonal antibody. | a mouse monoclonal antibody directed against chicken gln8-luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (clhrh-i) was developed and characterized. this antibody was used for the development of a competitive microtiter plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for avian lhrh. the assay was validated for use with tissue and was used at a working range between 5 pg and 10 ng per sample. using this procedure, clhrh-i and ii were assayed in whole brain extracts of japanese quail embryos. samples were taken at ... | 1991 | 1879658 |
| effects of first formant onset properties on voicing judgments result from processes not specific to humans. | both first formant (f1) transition duration and f1 onset frequency have been proposed to be perceptually significant in categorization of voiced and voiceless syllable-initial stops. transition duration per se may not, however, explain the fact that, for longer transitions, longer f1 cutback is required in order to perceive a stop as voiceless. longer transitions result in lower f1 onsets at any duration of cutback greater than zero, and it is possible that the major effect of f1 is determined b ... | 1991 | 1880303 |
| photosensory elements in the pineal gland of the japanese quail, with special reference to the paraboloid. | in 1-day-old japanese quails, coturnix coturnix japonica, photosensory elements of the pineal gland were examined by means of histochemical demonstration of glycogen and transmission electron microscopy. the parenchymal cells of the quail show immature structure, especially, small apical protrusion with a few mitochondria in the pinealocyte and rare appearance of the dense body in the supporting cell. the paraboloid is found in cytoplasmic processes projecting into the follicular lumen and in pe ... | 1991 | 1883075 |
| effects of selection for growth and selection diet on eggshell quality and embryonic development in japanese quail. | decreased hatchability in japanese quail following selection for growth and relative improvements in hatchability following selection during goitrogen treatment were investigated. an unselected quail line (line c) and lines selected for high 4-wk body weight while being fed diets containing either 20% cp and .2% thiouracil (tu) (line t), or 28% cp and no tu (lines p and h-cd) were used. egg weight loss between 0 and 4, and 0 and 14 days of incubation, hatchability, and developmental stage of emb ... | 1991 | 1886856 |
| the effects of busulfan on gonadal differentiation and development in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | to determine the effects on gonadal differentiation and development, two concentrations of busulfan (1,4-butanediol dimethanesulfonate) were injected into the albumen of unincubated japanese quail eggs, and the eggs were then incubated. half of the hatchlings were killed at 3 days of age and the rest at 10 wk of age (4 wk past puberty). hatchability of fertile eggs was lowest in those eggs injected with 420 micrograms of busulfan (19.6%), intermediate in the 210-micrograms group (54.7%), and hig ... | 1991 | 1886873 |
| learning to discriminate the sex of conspecifics in male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica): tests of "biological constraints". | male japanese quail learn to approach and remain near female, but not male, quail if they are allowed to copulate with female quail and receive noncopulatory exposures to males. the generality of the mechanisms involved in this type of discrimination learning was investigated in the present study. in experiment 1, ss learned to spend more time near initially unfamiliar blonde quail than familiar brown female or male quail as a result of being allowed to copulate with the blonde, but not the brow ... | 1991 | 1890391 |
| renal carbonic anhydrase in the quail coturnix coturnix japonica. ii. changes of enzyme activity in developing and regressing mesonephros. | carbonic anhydrase activity was studied during development and regression of the quail mesonephros by in situ and extra situm investigation. a close correlation was noted between enzyme expression and tissue morphofunctional state. carbonic anhydrase appears in early development; its highest activity is reached when the kidney is actively secreting, followed by a decrease concomitant with tissue involution. the main localization of the reaction product is the distal tubule showing strongly posit ... | 1991 | 1905113 |