Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| genotyping coronaviruses associated with feline infectious peritonitis. | feline coronavirus (fcov) infections are endemic among cats worldwide. the majority of infections are asymptomatic or result in only mild enteric disease. however, approximately 5 % of cases develop feline infectious peritonitis (fip), a systemic disease that is a frequent cause of death in young cats. in this study, we report the complete coding genome sequences of six fcovs: three from faecal samples from healthy cats and three from tissue lesion samples from cats with confirmed fip. the six s ... | 2015 | 25667330 |
| positive immunolabelling for feline infectious peritonitis in an african lion (panthera leo) with bilateral panuveitis. | a 15-year-old male african lion (panthera leo) was presented with blindness due to bilateral panuveitis with retinal detachment. feline coronavirus (fcov) antigen was identified immunohistochemically in ocular macrophages, consistent with a diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis (fip) infection. this is the first report of fip in an african lion and the first report of ocular fip in a non-domestic felid. | 2015 | 25678422 |
| a retrospective clinical and epidemiological study on feline coronavirus (fcov) in cats in istanbul, turkey. | the presence of antibodies to feline coronavirus (fcov) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), together with feline leukemia virus (felv) antigen was investigated in 169 ill household and stray cats attending a veterinary surgery in istanbul in 2009-14. the estimated fcov and fiv seroprevalence (95% confidence intervals) were 37% (30-45%) and 11% (6-16%), respectively and felv prevalence was 1% (0-3%). fcov seroprevalence increased until 2 years of age, was highest in 2014 and among household ... | 2015 | 25687627 |
| differential effects of viroporin inhibitors against feline infectious peritonitis virus serotypes i and ii. | feline infectious peritonitis virus (fip virus: fipv), a feline coronavirus of the family coronaviridae, causes a fatal disease called fip in wild and domestic cat species. the genome of coronaviruses encodes a hydrophobic transmembrane protein, the envelope (e) protein. the e protein possesses ion channel activity. viral proteins with ion channel activity are collectively termed "viroporins". hexamethylene amiloride (hma), a viroporin inhibitor, can inhibit the ion channel activity of the e pro ... | 2015 | 25701212 |
| serological diagnosis of feline coronavirus infection by immunochromatographic test. | the immunochromatographic assay (ica) is a simple antibody-antigen detection method, the results of which can be rapidly obtained at a low cost. we designed an ica to detect anti-feline coronavirus (fcov) antibodies. a colloidal gold-labeled recombinant fcov nucleocapsid protein (rnp) is used as a conjugate. the protein a and affinity-purified cat anti-fcov igg are blotted on the test line and the control line, respectively, of the nitrocellulose membrane. the specific detection of anti-fcov ant ... | 2015 | 25720468 |
| single particle tracking assay to study coronavirus membrane fusion. | single particle tracking (spt) of individual virion fusion with host cell membranes using total internal reflection microscopy (tirfm) is a powerful technique for quantitatively characterizing virus-host interactions. one significant limitation of this assay to its wider use across many types of enveloped viruses, such as coronavirus, has been incorporating non-lipid receptors (proteins) into the supported lipid bilayers (slbs) used to monitor membrane fusion. here, we describe a method for inco ... | 2015 | 25720481 |
| detection of feline coronavirus in cerebrospinal fluid for diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis in cats with and without neurological signs. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (real-time rt-pcr) detecting feline coronavirus (fcov) rna in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of cats with and without neurological and/or ocular signs for the diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis (fip). | 2016 | 25736448 |
| molecular epidemiological study of feline coronavirus strains in japan using rt-pcr targeting nsp14 gene. | feline infectious peritonitis is a fatal disease of cats caused by infection with feline coronavirus (fcov). for detecting or genotyping of fcov, some rt-pcr plus nested pcr techniques have been reported previously. however, referring to the whole genome sequences (wgss) registered at ncbi, there are no detection methods that can tolerate the genetic diversity among fcov population. in addition, the quasispecies nature of fcov, which consists of heterogeneous variants, has been also demonstrated ... | 2015 | 25889235 |
| identification of the peptide derived from s1 domain that inhibits type i and type ii feline infectious peritonitis virus infection. | feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv) can cause a lethal disease in cats, feline infectious peritonitis (fip). a therapeutic drug that is effective against fip has not yet been developed. peptides based on viral protein amino acid sequences have recently been attracting attention as new antiviral drugs. in the present study, we synthesized 30 overlapping peptides based on the amino acid sequence of the s1 domain of the type i fipv strain ku-2 s protein, and investigated their inhibitory eff ... | 2015 | 25896976 |
| coronavirus nsp10/nsp16 methyltransferase can be targeted by nsp10-derived peptide in vitro and in vivo to reduce replication and pathogenesis. | the 5' cap structures of eukaryotic mrnas are important for rna stability and protein translation. many viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm of eukaryotes have evolved 2'-o-methyltransferases (2'-o-mtase) to autonomously modify their mrnas and carry a cap-1 structure (m7gpppnm) at the 5' end, thereby facilitating viral replication and escaping innate immune recognition in host cells. previous studies showed that the 2'-o-mtase activity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-co ... | 2015 | 26041293 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of feline immunodeficiency virus using an insulated isothermal pcr-based assay with a point-of-need pcr detection platform. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is an important infectious agent of cats. clinical syndromes resulting from fiv infection include immunodeficiency, opportunistic infections, and neoplasia. in our study, a 5' long terminal repeat/gag region-based reverse transcription insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction (rt-iipcr) was developed to amplify all known fiv strains to facilitate point-of-need fiv diagnosis. the rt-iipcr method was applied in a point-of-need pcr detection platform--a fie ... | 2015 | 26185125 |
| full-length genome analysis of canine coronavirus type i. | canine coronavirus types i (ccov-i) and ii (ccov-ii) are usually responsible for mild enteritis in dogs. while the ccov-ii genome has been completely sequenced, to date there are no complete genomic sequence data available publicly for ccov-i. thus, the aim of the present study was to analyze the full-length genome of a ccov-i prototype strain that had been recovered from a dog with diarrhea in italy. ccov-i strain 23/03 has a genome of 30,000 nucleotides, excluding the 3' poly(a) tail, displayi ... | 2015 | 26221765 |
| glomerulonephritis in a ferret with feline coronavirus infection. | a male domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo), which was purchased from outside of japan at 13 weeks of age, was euthanized at 18 months of age because of poor health. at autopsy, the liver, spleen, and mesenteric lymph node were enlarged, and white foci were observed on the outer surface of the liver. the outer surface of the mesenteric lymph node was dark red. histologically, granulomas were observed in the liver, spleen, bone marrow, and lymph nodes, composed mainly of aggregated epithelioid ... | 2015 | 26319601 |
| prevalence of canine coronavirus (ccov) in dog in japan: detection of ccov rna and retrospective serological analysis. | we collected rectal swabs from dogs in japan during 2011 to 2014, and canine coronavirus (ccov) nucleocapsid gene was detected by rt-pcr. the relationship between ccov infection and the manifestation of diarrhea symptoms was investigated, and a correlation was noted (df=1, χ(2)=8.90, p<0.005). the types of ccov detected in samples from ccov-infected dogs were ccov-i in 88.9% and ccov-ii in 7.4%, respectively. we retrospectively investigated the seroprevalence of ccov-i in dogs in japan during 19 ... | 2016 | 26460314 |
| feline coronavirus quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction on effusion samples in cats with and without feline infectious peritonitis. | objectives the aim of the study was to determine whether feline coronavirus (fcov) rna in effusion samples can be used as a diagnostic marker of feline infectious peritonitis (fip); and in fcov rna-positive samples to examine amino acid codons in the fcov spike protein at positions 1058 and 1060 where leucine and alanine, respectively, have been associated with systemic or virulent (fip) fcov infection. methods total rna was extracted from effusion samples from 20 cats with confirmed fip and 23 ... | 2017 | 26474594 |
| differential effect of cholesterol on type i and ii feline coronavirus infection. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is a fatal disease of domestic and wild felidae that is caused by feline coronavirus (fcov). fcov has been classified into types i and ii. since type i fcov infection is dominant in the field, it is necessary to develop antiviral agents and vaccines against type i fcov infection. however, few studies have been conducted on type i fcov. here, we compare the effects of cholesterol on types i and ii fcov infections. when cells were treated methyl-β-cyclodextrin ( ... | 2016 | 26514843 |
| causes of endogenous uveitis in cats presented to referral clinics in north carolina. | to investigate the causes of endogenous uveitis in cats presenting to referral ophthalmology clinics in north carolina. | 2016 | 26559384 |
| x-ray structure and inhibition of the feline infectious peritonitis virus 3c-like protease: structural implications for drug design. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is a deadly disease that effects both domestic and wild cats and is caused by a mutation in feline coronavirus (fcov) that allows the virus to replicate in macrophages. currently, there are no treatments or vaccines available for the treatment of fip even though it kills approximately 5% of cats in multi-cat households per year. in an effort to develop small molecule drugs targeting fip for the treatment of cats, we screened a small set of designed peptidomime ... | 2015 | 26592814 |
| cellular peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase pin1 facilitates replication of feline coronavirus. | although feline coronavirus (fcov) causes feline infectious peritonitis (fip), which is a fatal infectious disease, there are no effective therapeutic medicines or vaccines. previously, in vitro studies have shown that cyclosporin (csa) and fk506 inhibit virus replication in diverse coronaviruses. csa and fk506 are targets of clinically relevant immunosuppressive drugs and bind to cellular cyclophilins (cyps) or fk506 binding proteins (fkbps), respectively. both cyp and fkbp have peptidyl-prolyl ... | 2016 | 26675666 |
| detection of feline coronavirus spike gene mutations as a tool to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis. | objectives feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is an important cause of death in the cat population worldwide. the ante-mortem diagnosis of fip in clinical cases is still challenging. in cats without effusion, a definitive diagnosis can only be achieved post mortem or with invasive methods. the aim of this study was to evaluate the use of a combined reverse transcriptase nested polymerase chain reaction (rt-npcr) and sequencing approach in the diagnosis of fip, detecting mutations at two differe ... | 2017 | 26701958 |
| comparison of real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, serum and cell-free body cavity effusion for the diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis. | objectives diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis (fip) remains challenging, especially in cats without effusions. the objective of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) detecting feline coronavirus (fcov) rna in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) and serum in comparison with the same real-time rt-pcr in cell-free body cavity effusion. methods this prospective case-control study included 92 c ... | 2017 | 26787293 |
| experimental feline enteric coronavirus infection reveals an aberrant infection pattern and shedding of mutants with impaired infectivity in enterocyte cultures. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) results from mutations in the viral genome during a common feline enteric coronavirus (fecv) infection. since many virological and immunological data on fecv infections are lacking, the present study investigated these missing links during experimental infection of three spf cats with fecv strain ucd. two cats showed mild clinical signs, faecal shedding of infectious virus from 4 dpi, a cell-associated viraemia at inconsistent time points from 5 dpi, a highly ... | 2016 | 26822958 |
| therapeutic effect of anti-feline tnf-alpha monoclonal antibody for feline infectious peritonitis. | feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv) replication in macrophages/monocytes induced tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha production, and that the tnf-alpha produced was involved in aggravating the pathology of fip. we previously reported the preparation of a feline tnf-alpha (ftnf-alpha)-neutralizing mouse monoclonal antibody (anti-ftnf-alpha mab). this anti-ftnf-alpha mab 2-4 was confirmed to inhibit the following ftnf-alpha-induced conditions in vitro. in the present study, we investigated wh ... | 2016 | 26850532 |
| characterization of monoclonal antibodies against feline coronavirus accessory protein 7b. | feline coronaviruses (fcovs) encode five accessory proteins termed 3a, 3b, 3c, 7a and 7b of unknown function. these proteins are dispensable for viral replication in vitro but are supposed to play a role in virulence. in the current study, we produced and characterized 7b-specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs). a recombinant form of the 7b protein was expressed as a fusion protein in escherichia coli, purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography and used as immunogen. two hybridoma lines ... | 2016 | 26854339 |
| investigation into the utility of an immunocytochemical assay in body cavity effusions for diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis. | objectives feline coronaviruses (fcovs) exist as two biotypes, feline enteric coronavirus and feline infectious peritonitis virus. although feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is a very common disease, the ante-mortem diagnosis of this disease still remains a challenge. immunofluorescence staining of fcov in macrophages in effusion has been considered as the reference standard for the diagnosis, but recently this method has been shown to have lower specificity than previously reported. in additi ... | 2017 | 26902098 |
| prevalence of leishmania infantum and co-infections in stray cats in northern italy. | stray cats in the city of milan, italy, were tested for leishmania infantum and other selected infections. twenty-seven cats (30.0%) were seroreactive by indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat), with an antibody titer of 1:40 for 16 (17.7%) cats and 1:80 (cut-off for feline l. infantum infection) for 11 (12.2%) cats. one blood (1.1%) and one popliteal lymph node (1.1%) sample tested positive by real-time polymerase chain reaction; no oculoconjunctival swabs tested positive. feline immunodefici ... | 2016 | 27012922 |
| reversal of the progression of fatal coronavirus infection in cats by a broad-spectrum coronavirus protease inhibitor. | coronaviruses infect animals and humans causing a wide range of diseases. the diversity of coronaviruses in many mammalian species is contributed by relatively high mutation and recombination rates during replication. this dynamic nature of coronaviruses may facilitate cross-species transmission and shifts in tissue or cell tropism in a host, resulting in substantial change in virulence. feline enteric coronavirus (fecv) causes inapparent or mild enteritis in cats, but a highly fatal disease, ca ... | 2016 | 27027316 |
| diagnostic utility of cerebrospinal fluid immunocytochemistry for diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis manifesting in the central nervous system. | the aim of the study was to evaluate whether an ante-mortem diagnosis of central nervous system (cns) feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is possible via immunocytochemical staining (icc) of feline coronavirus antigen (fcov) within macrophages of cerebrospinal fluid (csf). | 2016 | 27095828 |
| antiviral activity of graphene-silver nanocomposites against non-enveloped and enveloped viruses. | the discovery of novel antiviral materials is important because many infectious diseases are caused by viruses. silver nanoparticles have demonstrated strong antiviral activity, and graphene is a potential antimicrobial material due to its large surface area, high carrier mobility, and biocompatibility. no studies on the antiviral activity of nanomaterials on non-enveloped viruses have been reported. to investigate the antiviral activity of graphene oxide (go) sheets and go sheets with silver pa ... | 2016 | 27104546 |
| feline coronavirus 3c protein: a candidate for a virulence marker? | feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv) is highly virulent and responsible for the highly fatal disease feline infectious peritonitis (fip), whereas feline enteric coronavirus (fecv) is widespread among the feline population and typically causes asymptomatic infections. some candidates for genetic markers capable of differentiating these two pathotypes of a unique virus (feline coronavirus) have been proposed by several studies. in the present survey, in order to search for markers that can d ... | 2016 | 27243037 |
| transduction of hematopoietic stem cells to stimulate rna interference against feline infectious peritonitis. | the goals of the study were: (1) to develop and evaluate non-replicating lentivirus vectors coding for feline coronavirus (fcov)-specific micro (mi)rna as a potential antiviral therapy for feline infectious peritonitis (fip); (2) to assess the feasibility of transducing hematopoietic stem cells (hscs) with ex vivo introduction of the mirna-expressing lentivirus vector; and (3) to assess the ability of the expressed mirna to inhibit fcov replication in hscs in vitro. | 2016 | 27354226 |
| detection of novel ferret coronaviruses and evidence of recombination among ferret coronaviruses. | in an epidemiological study of ferret coronaviruses (frcovs), novel frcov strains (saitama-1 and aichi-1) were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and nucleotide sequence analysis of partial rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) genes. phylogenetic analysis indicated that these strains belonged to different clusters from other frcov strains. next, the nucleotide sequence of the 3'-terminal region of saitama-1 (8271 bases) strain was determined and compared with tho ... | 2016 | 27369429 |
| surveillance for viral and parasitic pathogens in a vulnerable african lion (panthera leo) population in the northern tuli game reserve, botswana. | african lion ( panthera leo ) numbers are decreasing rapidly and populations are becoming smaller and more fragmented. infectious diseases are one of numerous issues threatening free-ranging lion populations, and low-density populations are particularly at risk. we collected data on the prevalence and diversity of viral and parasitic pathogens in a small lion population in eastern botswana. during 2012 and 2014, blood samples were collected from 59% (n=13) of the adult-subadult lions in the nort ... | 2017 | 27669009 |
| feline coronaviruses: pathogenesis of feline infectious peritonitis. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) belongs to the few animal virus diseases in which, in the course of a generally harmless persistent infection, a virus acquires a small number of mutations that fundamentally change its pathogenicity, invariably resulting in a fatal outcome. the causative agent of this deadly disease, feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv), arises from feline enteric coronavirus (fecv). the review summarizes our current knowledge of the genome and proteome of feline corona ... | 2016 | 27712624 |
| feline coronavirus replication is affected by both cyclophilin a and cyclophilin b. | feline coronavirus (fcov) causes the fatal disease feline infectious peritonitis, which is currently incurable by drug treatment, and no effective vaccines are available. cyclosporin a (csa), a cyclophilin (cyp) inhibitor, inhibits the replication of fcov in vitro and in vivo as well as the replication of human and animal coronaviruses. however, the mechanism underlying the regulation of coronavirus replication by csa is unknown. in this study, we analysed the role of cyps in fcov replication us ... | 2017 | 27902373 |
| reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification for the detection of feline coronavirus. | the feline coronavirus (fcov) is the etiological agent of feline infectious peritonitis (fip), a lethal disease of felids. the role of molecular methods is controversial for the diagnosis of fip, while essential for the identification of the shedders. thus, a fast and inexpensive method for the detection of fcov could be beneficial, especially in multicat environments. a reverse transcription loop mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) assay was developed. rna extraction and rt-npcr for fco ... | 2017 | 28109842 |
| frequency, clinicopathological features and phylogenetic analysis of feline morbillivirus in cats in istanbul, turkey. | objectives the aim of the study was to investigate feline morbillivirus (fmopv) frequency, phylogeny and associated pathology in cats in istanbul, turkey. methods samples from sick (n = 96) and dead ( n = 15) cats were analysed using reverse transcription pcr. blood and urine analyses and histopathology were also performed. results fmopv rna was detected in six cats (5.4%), including three sick (in the urine) and three dead cats (tissues). a significantly greater proportion of fmopv rna-positive ... | 2017 | 28112564 |
| diagnosing feline infectious peritonitis using the sysmex xt-2000iv based on frozen supernatants from cavitary effusions. | the delta total nucleated cells (δtnc) measurement with the sysmex xt-2000iv (sysmex europe, norderstedt, germany) has high diagnostic accuracy on effusions in feline infectious peritonitis (fip) cases, but the test can be performed only on fresh samples. we evaluated whether supernatants from effusions retain the ability to induce cell clumping and assessed the diagnostic accuracy of this modified δtnc method. effusions were collected from fip cats ( n = 19) and from cats with other diseases ( ... | 2017 | 28205490 |
| polyprenyl immunostimulant treatment of cats with presumptive non-effusive feline infectious peritonitis in a field study. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is a fatal disease with no clinically effective treatment. this field study evaluated treatment with polyprenyl immunostimulant (pi) in cats with the non-effusive form of fip. because immune suppression is a major component in the pathology of fip, we hypothesized that treatment with an immune system stimulant would increase survival times of cats with dry fip. sixty cats, diagnosed with dry fip by primary care and specialist veterinarians and meeting the acce ... | 2017 | 28261584 |
| expression profiles of immune mediators in feline coronavirus-infected cells and clinical samples of feline coronavirus-positive cats. | there are two biotypes of feline coronavirus (fcov): the self-limiting feline enteric coronavirus (fecv) and the feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv), which causes feline infectious peritonitis (fip), a fatal disease associated with cats living in multi-cat environments. this study provides an insight on the various immune mediators detected in fcov-positive cats which may be responsible for the development of fip. | 2017 | 28388950 |
| a cross-sectional quantitative rt-pcr study of feline coronavirus viremia and replication in peripheral blood of healthy shelter cats in southern california. | objectives the objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of feline coronavirus (fcov) viremia, and its replication in peripheral blood using quantitative rt-pcr (qrt-pcr) methodology in a population of 205 healthy shelter cats in southern california, as well as to assess any possible connection to longitudinal development of feline infectious peritonitis (fip). methods the study was performed on buffy-coat samples from edta-anticoagulated whole blood samples of 205 healthy shelte ... | 2017 | 28425327 |
| bartonella henselae as a cause of acute-onset febrile illness in cats. | at different time points spanning 6 months, three adopted feral flea-infested cats, residing in the household of a veterinary technician, became acutely anorexic, lethargic and febrile. enrichment blood culture/pcr using bartonella alpha proteobacteria growth medium (bapgm) confirmed initial infection with the same bartonella henselae genotype in all three cases. with the exception of anemia and neutropenia, complete blood counts, serum biochemical profiles and urinalysis results were within ref ... | 2017 | 28491382 |
| successful treatment of feline leishmaniosis using a combination of allopurinol and n-methyl-glucamine antimoniate. | this work describes the diagnosis and successful treatment of a 2-year-old domestic cat infected with leishmania species and presenting fever, and ulcerative and nodular skin lesions after being treated for pyodermatitis for 1 year without clinical improvement. after anamnesis the cat was submitted to a complete clinical examination. blood was collected for determination of haematological and biochemical parameters, detection of feline leukaemia virus (felv), feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), ... | 2017 | 28491411 |
| rapid and sensitive insulated isothermal pcr for point-of-need feline leukaemia virus detection. | objectives feline leukaemia virus (felv), a gamma retrovirus, causes diseases of the feline haematopoietic system that are invariably fatal. rapid and accurate testing at the point-of-need (pon) supports prevention of virus spread and management of clinical disease. this study evaluated the performance of an insulated isothermal pcr (iipcr) that detects proviral dna, and a reverse transcription (rt)-iipcr that detects both viral rna and proviral dna, for felv detection at the pon. methods mycopl ... | 2017 | 28589743 |
| determination of the cell tropism of serotype 1 feline infectious peritonitis virus using the spike affinity histochemistry in paraffin-embedded tissues. | unlike for serotype ii feline coronaviruses (fcov ii), the cellular receptor for serotype i fcov (fcov i), the most prevalent fcov serotype, is unknown. to provide a platform for assessing the pattern by which fcov i attaches to its host receptor(s), hek293 cell lines that stably express the ectodomains of the spike (s) proteins derived from a fcov i feline enteric coronavirus strain uu7 (fecv uu7) and a feline infectious peritonitis virus strain uu4 (fipv uu4) were established. using the recomb ... | 2017 | 28675506 |
| molecular detection of viral agents in free-ranging and captive neotropical felids in brazil. | we describe molecular testing for felid alphaherpesvirus 1 (fhv-1), carnivore protoparvovirus 1 (cppv-1), feline calicivirus (fcv), alphacoronavirus 1 (feline coronavirus [fcov]), feline leukemia virus (felv), feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), and canine distemper virus (cdv) in whole blood samples of 109 free-ranging and 68 captive neotropical felids from brazil. samples from 2 jaguars ( panthera onca) and 1 oncilla ( leopardus tigrinus) were positive for fhv-1; 2 jaguars, 1 puma ( puma conc ... | 2017 | 28677421 |
| antibody-dependent enhancement of serotype ii feline enteric coronavirus infection in primary feline monocytes. | feline coronavirus (fcov) has been classified into two biotypes: avirulent feline coronavirus (feline enteric coronavirus: fecv) and virulent feline coronavirus (feline infectious peritonitis virus: fipv). in fipv infection, antibody-dependent enhancement (ade) has been reported and was shown to be associated with severe clinical disease. on the other hand, the potential role of ade in fecv infection has not been examined. in this study, using laboratory strains of serotype ii fipv wsu 79-1146 ( ... | 2017 | 28730523 |
| identification and characterization of a golgi retention signal in feline coronavirus accessory protein 7b. | feline coronaviruses encode five accessory proteins with largely elusive functions. here, one of these proteins, called 7b (206 residues), was investigated using a reverse genetic approach established for feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv) strain 79-1146. recombinant fipvs (rfpivs) expressing mutant and/or flag-tagged forms of 7b were generated and used to investigate the expression, processing, glycosylation, localization and trafficking of the 7b protein in rfipv-infected cells, focusi ... | 2017 | 28758629 |
| sensitivity and specificity of a real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction detecting feline coronavirus mutations in effusion and serum/plasma of cats to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis. | feline coronavirus (fcov) exists as two pathotypes, and fcov spike gene mutations are considered responsible for the pathotypic switch in feline infectious peritonitis (fip) pathogenesis. the aim of this study was to evaluate sensitivity and specificity of a real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) specifically designed to detect fcov spike gene mutations at two nucleotide positions. it was hypothesized that this test would correctly discriminate feline infectious perit ... | 2017 | 28768514 |
| the cholesterol transport inhibitor u18666a inhibits type i feline coronavirus infection. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is a feline coronavirus (fcov)-induced fatal disease in wild and domestic cats. fcov exists in two serotypes. type i fcov is the dominant serotype worldwide. therefore, it is necessary to develop antiviral drugs against type i fcov infection. we previously reported that type i fcov is closely associated with cholesterol throughout the viral life cycle. in this study, we investigated whether u18666a, the cholesterol synthesis and transport inhibitor, shows anti ... | 2017 | 28780424 |
| comparison of three blood transfusion guidelines applied to 31 feline donors to minimise the risk of transfusion-transmissible infections. | objectives the increased demand for animal blood transfusions creates the need for an adequate number of donors. at the same time, a high level of blood safety must be guaranteed and different guidelines (gls) deal with this topic. the aim of this study was to evaluate the appropriateness of different gls in preventing transfusion-transmissible infections (tti) in italian feline blood donors. methods blood samples were collected from 31 cats enrolled as blood donors by the owners' voluntary choi ... | 2017 | 28840782 |
| in silico perspectives on the prediction of the plp's epitopes involved in multiple sclerosis. | multiple sclerosis (ms) is the most common autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (cns). the main cause of the ms is yet to be revealed, but the most probable theory is based on the molecular mimicry that concludes some infections in the activation of t cells against brain auto-antigens that initiate the disease cascade. | 2017 | 28959348 |
| limitations of using feline coronavirus spike protein gene mutations to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is a fatal disease of cats, and a sequela of systemic feline coronavirus (fcov) infection. mutations in the viral spike (s) gene have been associated with fcovs found in tissues from cats with fip, but not fcovs found in faeces from healthy cats, and are implicated in monocyte/macrophage tropism and systemic spread. this study was designed to determine whether s gene mutation analysis can reliably diagnose fip. cats were categorised as with fip (n = 57) or wit ... | 2017 | 28982390 |
| nanoparticulate vacuolar atpase blocker exhibits potent host-targeted antiviral activity against feline coronavirus. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip), caused by a mutated feline coronavirus, is one of the most serious and fatal viral diseases in cats. the disease remains incurable, and there is no effective vaccine available. in light of the pathogenic mechanism of feline coronavirus that relies on endosomal acidification for cytoplasmic entry, a novel vacuolar atpase blocker, diphyllin, and its nanoformulation are herein investigated for their antiviral activity against the type ii feline infectious perito ... | 2017 | 29026122 |
| feline infectious peritonitis: immunohistochemical features of ocular inflammation and the distribution of viral antigens in structures of the eye. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is a serious, widely distributed systemic disease caused by feline coronavirus (fcov), in which ocular disease is common. however, questions remain about the patterns of ocular inflammation and the distribution of viral antigen in the eyes of cats with fip. this study characterized the ocular lesions of fip including the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and proliferating cell nuclear antigen by müller cells in the retina in cases of fip and to wha ... | 2017 | 29065819 |
| discrepancies between feline coronavirus antibody and nucleic acid detection in effusions of cats with suspected feline infectious peritonitis. | intra-vitam diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is a challenge for veterinary diagnosticians, since there are no highly specific and sensitive assays currently available. with the aim to contribute to fill this diagnostic gap, a total of 61 effusions from cats with suspected effusive fip were collected intra-vitam for detection of feline coronavirus (fcov) antibodies and rna by means of indirect immunofluorescence (iif) assay and real-time rt-pcr (qrt-pcr), respectively. in 5 effusi ... | 2019 | 29113645 |
| feline coronavirus antibody titer in cerebrospinal fluid from cats with neurological signs. | to investigate the utility of cerebrospinal fluid (csf) anti-feline coronavirus (fcov) antibody test for diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis (fip), the antibody titers were tested in csf and sera from 271 fip-suspected neurological cats. csf antibody was detected in 28 cats, which were divided into 2 groups; 15 with csf titer of 1:80 or lower and 13 with csf titer of 1:640 or higher. in the latter group, reciprocal serum titer/reciprocal csf titer was 8 or lower, which is extremely lower ... | 2018 | 29118313 |
| improving virus taxonomy by recontextualizing sequence-based classification with biologically relevant data: the case of thealphacoronavirus 1species. | the difficulties related to virus taxonomy have been amplified by recent advances in next-generation sequencing and metagenomics, prompting the field to revisit the question of what constitutes a useful viral classification. here, taking a challenging classification found in coronaviruses, we argue that consideration of biological properties in addition to sequence-based demarcations is critical for generating useful taxonomy that recapitulates complex evolutionary histories. within thealphacoro ... | 2018 | 29299531 |
| feline coronavirus: insights into viral pathogenesis based on the spike protein structure and function. | feline coronavirus (fcov) is an etiological agent that causes a benign enteric illness and the fatal systemic disease feline infectious peritonitis (fip). the fcov spike (s) protein is considered the viral regulator for binding and entry to the cell. this protein is also involved in fcov tropism and virulence, as well as in the switch from enteric disease to fip. this regulation is carried out by spike's major functions: receptor binding and virus-cell membrane fusion. in this review, we address ... | 2018 | 29329682 |
| a retrospective study of the neuropathology and diagnosis of naturally occurring feline infectious peritonitis. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is one of the most important viral diseases of cats worldwide. our study describes the neuropathology and the diagnostic features of 26 cases of fip in domestic cats. the average age of affected individuals was 11.8 mo, and there was no sex or breed predisposition. clinical neurologic signs were noted in 22 cases, and rabies was clinically suspected in 11 cases. twenty cats had lesions in multiple organs, and 6 cats had lesions only in the brain. gross neuropa ... | 2018 | 29411701 |
| comparison of the performance of laboratory tests in the diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis. | we compared the performance of clinicopathologic and molecular tests used in the antemortem diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis (fip). from 16 fip and 14 non-fip cats, we evaluated retrospectively the sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios (lrs) of serum protein electrophoresis, α1-acid glycoprotein (agp) on peripheral blood, screening reverse-transcription nested pcr (rt-npcr) on the 3'-untranslated region (3'-utr), and spike (s) gene sequencing on peripheral blood, body cavity ... | 2018 | 29429403 |
| diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis: update on evidence supporting available tests. | practical relevance: feline coronavirus (fcov) infection is very common in cats, usually causing only mild intestinal signs such as diarrhoea. up to 10% of fcov infections, however, result in the fatal disease feline infectious peritonitis (fip). clinical challenges: obtaining a definitive diagnosis of fip based on non-invasive approaches is difficult. confirmation of the disease relies on finding appropriate cytological or histopathological changes in association with positive immunostaining fo ... | 2018 | 29478397 |
| detection of feline coronavirus in effusions of cats with and without feline infectious peritonitis using loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is a fatal disease in cats worldwide. the aim of this study was to test two commercially available reaction mixtures in a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) assay to detect feline coronavirus (fcov) in body cavity effusions of cats with and without fip, in order to minimize the time from sampling to obtaining results. rna was extracted from body cavity effusion samples of 71 cats, including 34 samples from cats with a defini ... | 2018 | 29540320 |
| detection of feline coronavirus mutations in paraffin-embedded tissues in cats with feline infectious peritonitis and controls. | objectives the amino acid substitutions m1058l and s1060a in the spike protein of feline coronavirus (fcov) have been postulated to be responsible for the development of the pathogenic feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv), which causes feline infectious peritonitis (fip). the aim of the following study was to investigate the presence of mutated virus in tissue samples of cats with and without fip. methods the study population consisted of 64 cats, 34 of which were diagnosed with fip and 30 ... | 2018 | 29542369 |
| mutation of the s and 3c genes in genomes of feline coronaviruses. | feline coronavirus (fcov) is classified into two biotypes based on its pathogenicity in cats: a feline enteric coronavirus of low pathogenicity and a highly virulent feline infectious peritonitis virus. it has been suspected that fcov alters its biotype via mutations in the viral genome. the s and 3c genes of fcov have been considered the candidates for viral pathogenicity conversion. in the present study, fcovs were analyzed for the frequency and location of mutations in the s and 3c genes from ... | 2018 | 29769478 |
| pancreatitis and systemic coronavirus infection in a ferret (mustela putorius furo). | a 1-y-old spayed female ferret (mustela putorius furo) was referred for additional diagnostic evaluation after physical examination by the referring veterinarian revealed a cranial abdominal mass. the ferret had a 2-wk history of inappetence, weight loss, and lethargy. on presentation, the ferret was thin, and an approximately 3-cm mass was palpable in the cranial abdomen. no other abnormalities were noted. abdominal ultrasonography confirmed the presence of a soft-tissue structure, with a moder ... | 2018 | 29776456 |
| prevalence of enteropathogens in cats with and without diarrhea in four different management models for unowned cats in the southeast united states. | the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of enteropathogens in cats with and without diarrhea in four different models for managing unowned cats: short-term animal shelter, long-term sanctuary, home-based foster care, and trap-neuter-return. fecal samples from 482 cats, approximately half of the cats with normal fecal consistency and half with diarrhea, were tested by zinc sulfate centrifugation and by real-time pcr for a panel of enteropathogens. at least one enteropathogen o ... | 2018 | 29871750 |
| differential susceptibility of macrophages to serotype ii feline coronaviruses correlates with differences in the viral spike protein. | the ability to infect and replicate in monocytes/macrophages is a critically distinguishing feature between the two feline coronavirus (fcov) pathotypes: feline enteric coronavirus (fecv; low-virulent) and feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv; lethal). previously, by comparing serotype ii strains fipv 79-1146 and fecv 79-1683 and recombinant chimeric forms thereof in cultured feline bone marrow macrophages, we mapped this difference to the c-terminal part of the viral spike (s) protein (s2) ... | 2018 | 29936068 |
| feline leukemia virus (felv) disease outcomes in a domestic cat breeding colony: relationship to endogenous felv and other chronic viral infections. | exogenous feline leukemia virus (felv) is a feline gammaretrovirus that results in a variety of disease outcomes. endogenous felv (enfelv) is a replication-defective provirus found in species belonging to the felis genus, which includes the domestic cat (felis catus). there have been few studies examining interaction between enfelv genotype and felv progression. we examined point-in-time enfelv and felv viral loads, as well as occurrence of felv/enfelv recombinants (felv-b), to determine factors ... | 2018 | 29976676 |
| serological survey of feline viral pathogens in free-living european wildcats (felis s. silvestris) from luxembourg. | european populations of free-living wildcats have been shown to be exposed to cat viruses. luxembourg has a high degree of habitat fragmentation, and hybridisation rates between domestic cats and wildcats are high. we therefore assessed the seroprevalence of six viruses in 34 serum samples collected between 2001 and 2016 from wildcats in luxembourg. the values for feline leukemia virus (felv; 52.9%) and feline coronavirus (fcov; 47.1%) were amongst the highest reported for wildcats. we found evi ... | 2018 | 30062638 |
| reverse genetics for type i feline coronavirus field isolate to study the molecular pathogenesis of feline infectious peritonitis. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip), one of the most important lethal infections of cats, is caused by feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv), the high-virulence biotype of feline coronaviruses (fcovs). fipvs are suggested to emerge from feline enteric coronaviruses (fecvs) by acquiring mutations in specific genes in the course of persistent infections. although numerous studies identified mutations predicted to be responsible for the fecv-fipv biotype switch, the presumed roles of specific ... | 2018 | 30065095 |
| characterizing replication kinetics and plaque production of type i feline infectious peritonitis virus in three feline cell lines. | investigating type i feline coronaviruses (fcovs) in tissue culture is critical for understanding the basic virology, pathogenesis, and virus-host interactome of these important veterinary pathogens. this has been a perennial challenge as type i fcov strains do not easily adapt to cell culture. here we characterize replication kinetics and plaque formation of a model type i strain fipv black in fcwf-4 cells established at cornell university (fcwf-4 cu). we determined that maximum virus titers (> ... | 2018 | 30205273 |
| first identification of a single amino acid change in the spike protein region of feline coronavirus detected from a coronavirus-associated cutaneous nodule in a cat. | a 32-month-old spayed female singapura cat presented with a non-pruritic erythematous nodule on the upper lip. the cat also had multiple nodules in the liver but exhibited no other clinical signs consistent with classical feline infectious peritonitis (fip), such as pleural effusion or ascites, uveitis or neurological symptoms. histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses of the cutaneous nodule revealed pyogranulomatous dermatitis with intralesional macrophages laden with feline coronavir ... | 2020 | 30263143 |
| differential induction of type i interferon by type i and type ii feline coronaviruses in vitro. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is a feline coronavirus (fcov)-induced fatal disease in wild and domestic cats. there are two fcov serotypes. both type i and ii fcov can replicate in felis catus whole fetus (fcwf)-4 cells, but the replicability of type i fcov in feline cell lines is lower than that of type ii fcov, the reason for which is unclear. inhibition of ifnβ production by non-structural and structural proteins, excluding spike protein has been reported in many coronavirus infections. ... | 2018 | 30265871 |
| protease inhibitors broadly effective against feline, ferret and mink coronaviruses. | ferret and mink coronaviruses typically cause catarrhal diarrhea in ferrets and minks, respectively. in recent years, however, systemic fatal coronavirus infection has emerged in ferrets, which resembles feline infectious peritonitis (fip) in cats. fip is a highly fatal systemic disease caused by a virulent feline coronavirus infection in cats. despite the importance of coronavirus infections in these animals, there are no effective commercial vaccines or antiviral drugs available for these infe ... | 2018 | 30342822 |
| diagnosis of non-effusive feline infectious peritonitis by reverse transcriptase quantitative pcr from mesenteric lymph node fine-needle aspirates. | the aim of this study was to evaluate a feline coronavirus (fcov) reverse transcriptase quantitative pcr (rt-qpcr) on fine-needle aspirates (fnas) from mesenteric lymph nodes (mlns) collected in sterile saline for the purpose of diagnosing non-effusive feline infectious peritonitis (fip) in cats. | 2019 | 30407137 |
| circulation and genetic diversity of feline coronavirus type i and ii from clinically healthy and fip-suspected cats in china. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is a fatal infectious disease of wild and domestic cats, and the occurrence of fip is frequently reported in china. to trace the evolution of type i and ii feline coronavirus in china, 115 samples of ascetic fluid from fip-suspected cats and 54 fecal samples from clinically healthy cats were collected from veterinary hospitals in china. the presence of fcov in the samples was detected by rt-pcr targeting the 6b gene. the results revealed that a total of 126 (7 ... | 2019 | 30468573 |
| antiviral activity of itraconazole against type i feline coronavirus infection. | feline coronaviruses (fcovs) are the causative agents of severe systemic disease (feline infectious peritonitis: fip) in domestic and wild cats. fcovs have been classified into serotypes i and ii. type i fcov is the dominant serotype (approximately 70-90%) worldwide. therefore, it is necessary to provide antiviral agents for type i fcov infection. in this study, we demonstrated that itraconazole (icz), practically used for fungal infections in cats, inhibits the type i fcov infection. icz also e ... | 2019 | 30658691 |
| a fluorogenic peptide cleavage assay to screen for proteolytic activity: applications for coronavirus spike protein activation. | enveloped viruses such as coronaviruses or influenza virus require proteolytic cleavage of their fusion protein to be able to infect the host cell. often viruses exhibit cell and tissue tropism and are adapted to specific cell or tissue proteases. moreover, these viruses can introduce mutations or insertions into their genome during replication that may affect the cleavage, and thus can contribute to adaptations to a new host. here, we present a fluorogenic peptide cleavage assay that allows a r ... | 2019 | 30688313 |
| inflammatory mediators in the mesenteric lymph nodes, site of a possible intermediate phase in the immune response to feline coronavirus and the pathogenesis of feline infectious peritonitis? | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is an almost invariably fatal feline coronavirus (fcov)-induced disease thought to arise from a combination of viral mutations and an overexuberant immune response. natural initial enteric fcov infection may remain subclinical, or result in mild enteric signs or the development of fip; cats may also carry the virus systemically with no adverse effect. this study screened mesenteric lymph nodes (mlns), the presumed first site of fcov spread from the intestine r ... | 2019 | 30691609 |
| feline infectious peritonitis in a cat presented because of papular skin lesions. | a 19-week-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat was examined because of multiple raised pruritic skin lesions along the dorsal head and back. histopathology of biopsies of the lesions detected nodular pyogranulomatous dermatitis with vasculitis and necrosis, leading to a suspicion of feline infectious peritonitis (fip). postmortem examination revealed gross lesions consistent with fip. histopathologic lesions and positive immunohistochemical staining for feline coronavirus in multiple tissues ... | 2019 | 30705455 |
| antigens under cover-the preservation and demasking of selected antigens for successful poststaining immunocytochemistry of effusion, brain smears, and lymph node aspirates. | in clinical cytology, the applicability of an ancillary test such as immunocytochemistry is too often limited by low sample volume, poor cell representation, and sample preservation. diagnosticians often read romanowsky-stained cytology, although specific techniques such as immunocytochemistry are often essential for a definitive diagnosis. | 2019 | 30802342 |
| first complete genome sequence of a feline alphacoronavirus 1 strain from brazil. | we identified a strain of alphacoronavirus 1, fcov-sb22, from a pool of fecal samples from domestic cats from a rural settlement in the municipality of santa bárbara, pará, brazil. the nucleotide identity with feline coronavirus was 91.5%. the present study reports the first complete genome sequence of a feline coronavirus from brazil. | 2019 | 30863824 |
| preliminary investigation on feline coronavirus presence in the reproductive tract of the tom cat as a potential route of viral transmission. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is an immune-mediated disease initiated by feline coronavirus (fcov) infection. to date, the only proven route of transmission is the faecal-oral route, but a possible localisation of fcov in the reproductive tract of tom cats is of concern, owing to the involvement of the male reproductive tract during fip and to the presence of reproduction disorders in fcov-endemic feline catteries. the aim of the study was to investigate the presence and localisation of fc ... | 2020 | 30900940 |
| pathogenesis of oral type i feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv) infection: antibody-dependent enhancement infection of cats with type i fipv via the oral route. | feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv) causes a severe, immune-mediated disease called fip in domestic and wild cats. it is unclear whether fip transmits from cat to cat through the oral route of fipv infection, and the reason for this includes that fip is caused by oral inoculation with some fipv strains (e.g., type ii fipv wsu 79-1146), but is not caused by other fipv (e.g., type i fipv ku-2 strain: fipv-i ku-2). in this study, when cats passively immunized with anti-fipv-i ku-2 antibodies ... | 2019 | 31019150 |
| differential recognition of peptides within feline coronavirus polyprotein 1 ab by sera from healthy cats and cats with feline infectious peritonitis. | the aim of the study was to identify peptides within the polyprotein (pp) 1 ab that are differentially recognised by cats with either enteric or systemic disease following infection with feline coronavirus. overlapping 12-mer peptides (n = 28,426) across the entire pp1ab were arrayed on peptide chips and reacted with pooled sera from coronavirus seropositive cats and from one seronegative cat. eleven peptides were further tested in elisa with individual serum samples, and three were selected for ... | 2019 | 31048107 |
| effect of cat litters on feline coronavirus infection of cell culture and cats. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is caused by infection with feline coronavirus (fcov). fcov is incredibly contagious and transmission is via the faecal-oral route. fcov infection, and therefore fip, is most common in breeder and rescue catteries, where many cats are kept indoors, using litter trays. whether it is possible to break the cycle of fcov infection and reinfection using cat litters has never been investigated. the aim of the study was to examine the effect of cat litters on fcov in ... | 2020 | 31094626 |
| first autochthonous case of clinical hepatozoon felis infection in a domestic cat in central europe. | three different hepatozoon (apicomplexa, hepatozoidae) species have been described infecting domestic cats in europe (i.e. h. felis, h. canis and h. silvestris), however, reports on clinical hepatozoonosis are uncommon and treatment protocols are not clearly defined. a six-year-old male european short-hair cat from austria presented poor general condition, lethargy, anorexia, icterus, a painful abdomen, fever, ruffled hair and a tick infestation, and it had never left austria. laboratory tests r ... | 2019 | 31228586 |
| feline gut microbiota composition in association with feline coronavirus infection: a pilot study. | feline coronaviruses (fcov) colonize the intestinal tract, however, due to not fully understood mutations, they can spread systemically and cause feline infectious peritonitis (fip). recent studies on human medicine report that gut microbiota is involved in the development of systemic disorders and could influence the immune response to viral diseases. the aim of this study was to provide preliminary data on the fecal microbiota composition in healthy cats compared to fcov-infected cats, with an ... | 2019 | 31326703 |
| evaluation of polymorphisms in inflammatory mediator and cellular adhesion genes as risk factors for feline infectious peritonitis. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is a high mortality infectious disease. single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in the genes encoding interferon gamma (ifng), tumour necrosis factor alpha (tnfa) and dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-grabbing non-integrin (dc-sign; cd209) have been associated with increased and decreased risk of developing fip. this study was designed to determine whether these associations were present in a uk population of pedigree cats using samples fr ... | 2020 | 31373532 |
| establishment of a virulent full-length cdna clone for type i feline coronavirus strain c3663. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is one of the most important infectious diseases in cats and is caused by feline coronavirus (fcov). tissue culture-adapted type i fcov shows reduced fip induction in experimental infections, which complicates the understanding of fip pathogenesis caused by type i fcov. we previously found that the type i fcov strain c3663 efficiently induces fip in specific-pathogen-free cats through the naturally infectious route. in this study, we employed a bacterial artif ... | 2019 | 31375588 |
| feline coronavirus isolates from a part of brazil: insights into molecular epidemiology and phylogeny inferred from the 7b gene. | the feline coronavirus (fcov) can lead to feline infectious peritonitis (fip), which the precise cause is still unknown. the theory of internal mutation suggests that a less virulent biotype of fcov (fecv) would lead to another more pathogenic biotype (fipv) capable of causing fip. in this work, the 7b gene was amplified from 51 domestic cat plasma samples by semi-nested pcr and tested through phylogenetic and phylogeographical approaches. the 7b gene of brazilian isolates displayed high conserv ... | 2019 | 31447457 |
| identification of peptide domains involved in the subcellular localization of the feline coronavirus 3b protein. | feline coronavirus (fcov) has been identified as the aetiological agent of feline infectious peritonitis (fip), a highly fatal systemic disease in cats. fcov open reading frame 3 (orf3) encodes accessory proteins 3a, 3b and 3 c. the fcov 3b accessory protein consists of 72 amino acid residues and localizes to nucleoli and mitochondria. the present work focused on peptide domains within fcov 3b that drive its intracellular trafficking. transfection of different cell types with fcov 3b fused to en ... | 2019 | 31483243 |
| distinct mutation in the feline coronavirus spike protein cleavage activation site in a cat with feline infectious peritonitis-associated meningoencephalomyelitis. | this report describes a cat with chronic, progressive, non-painful, non-lateralizing multifocal neurologic clinical signs associated with feline infectious peritonitis (fip). the cat initially presented as underweight, despite a good appetite, and a complete blood count showed non-regenerative anemia. three months later the cat was returned having developed ataxia and paraparesis, which then progressed over 2 months to tetraparesis, tail plegia, urinary and fecal incontinence, and titubation. hi ... | 2020 | 31534775 |
| generating and evaluating type i interferon receptor-deficient and feline tmprss2-expressing cells for propagating serotype i feline infectious peritonitis virus. | feline coronavirus infection can progress to a fatal infectious peritonitis, which is a widespread feline disease without an effective vaccine. generating feline cells with reduced ability to respond to interferon (ifn) is an essential step facilitating isolation of new candidate vaccine strains. here, we describe the use of crispr/cas technology to disrupt type i ifn signaling in two feline cell lines, ak-d and fcwf-4 cu, and evaluate the replication kinetics of a serotype i feline infectious p ... | 2019 | 31539770 |
| mucosal immune response to feline enteric coronavirus infection. | feline infectious peritonitis is a devastating, fatal disease of domestic cats caused by a pathogenic mutant virus derived from the ubiquitous feline enteric coronavirus (fecv). infection by fecv is generally subclinical, and little is known about the mucosal immune response that controls and eliminates the virus. we investigated the mucosal immune response against fecv in an endemically infected breeding colony over a seven-month period. thirty-three cats were grouped according to fecv seroposi ... | 2019 | 31569783 |
| characterization of amino acid substitutions in feline coronavirus 3c-like protease from a cat with feline infectious peritonitis treated with a protease inhibitor. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is a highly fatal disease caused by a virulent feline coronavirus in domestic and wild cats. we have previously reported the synthesis of potent coronavirus 3c-like protease (3clpro) inhibitors and the efficacy of a protease inhibitor, gc376, in client-owned cats with fip. in this study, we studied the effect of the amino acid changes in 3clpro of feline coronavirus from a feline patient who received antiviral treatment for prolonged duration. we generated rec ... | 2019 | 31585653 |
| feline coronavirus-associated myocarditis in a domestic longhair cat. | a 9-month-old entire male domestic longhair indoor cat presented with a 3-week history of fluctuating fever, weight loss and small intestine diarrhoea, which was unresponsive to antibiotics and supportive treatment. abdominal ultrasound revealed severe jejunal and ileocolic junction intestinal wall thickening with loss of layering. an enterectomy was performed and histopathology revealed severe pyogranulomatous enteritis with vasculitits, compatible with the diagnosis of feline infectious perito ... | 2020 | 31636915 |
| feline coronavirus with and without spike gene mutations detected by real-time rt-pcrs in cats with feline infectious peritonitis. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) emerges when feline coronaviruses (fcovs) mutate within their host to a highly virulent biotype and the immune response is not able to control the infection. fcov spike (s) gene mutations are considered to contribute to the change in virulence by enabling fcov infection of and replication in macrophages. this study investigated the presence of fcov with and without s gene mutations in cats with fip using two different real-time rt-pcrs on different samples obt ... | 2020 | 31729897 |
| diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis: a review of the current literature. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is a fatal disease that poses several challenges for veterinarians: clinical signs and laboratory changes are non-specific, and there are two pathotypes of the etiologic agent feline coronavirus (fcov), sometimes referred to as feline enteric coronavirus (fecv) and feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv) that vary fundamentally in their virulence, but are indistinguishable by a number of diagnostic methods. this review focuses on all important steps every v ... | 2019 | 31731711 |