Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| transport of wild-type and recombinant nucleopolyhedroviruses by scavenging and predatory arthropods. | wild-type and recombinant nucleopolyhedroviruses (npvs) were compared in their capability to be transported over limited distances by the predator podisus maculiventris (say) and scavengers sarcophaga bullata (parker) and acheta domesticus (linnaeus) in trichoplusia ni (hübner) larvae infesting collards in a greenhouse microcosm. viruses tested were variants of autographa californica (speyer) npv (acnpv): wild-type virus (acnpv.wt), acnpv expressing a scorpion toxin (acnpv.aait), and acnpv expre ... | 2000 | 10882435 |
| a new mechanism for the control of phenoloxidase activity: inhibition and complex formation with quinone isomerase. | insect phenoloxidases participate in three physiologically important processes, viz., cuticular hardening (sclerotization), defense reactions (immune reaction), and wound healing. arrest or even delay of any of these processes compromises the survival of insects. since the products of phenoloxidase action, viz., quinones, are cytotoxic, uncontrolled phenoloxidase action is deleterious to the insects. therefore, the activity of this important enzyme has to be finely controlled. a novel inhibition ... | 2000 | 10898942 |
| purification, characterization and molecular cloning of prophenoloxidases from sarcophaga bullata. | prophenoloxidase (ppo) is a key enzyme associated with both melanin biosynthesis and sclerotization in insects. this enzyme is involved in three physiologically important processes viz., cuticular hardening, defense reactions and wound healing in insects. it was isolated from the larval hemolymph of sarcophaga bullata and purified by employing ammonium sulfate precipitation, phenyl sepharose chromatography, deae-sepharose chromatography, and sephacryl s-200 column chromatography. the purified en ... | 2000 | 10899462 |
| a family of genes with growth factor and adenosine deaminase similarity are preferentially expressed in the salivary glands of glossina m. morsitans. | a cdna library constructed from salivary glands of tsetse fly, glossina morsitans morsitans (diptera: glossinidae), was differentially screened, and two related full-length cdnas were molecularly characterized: tsetse salivary growth factor, tsgf-1 and tsgf-2. the cdnas encode for open reading frames (orfs) of 494 and 506aa, respectively, and display an overall 45% amino acid identity and 61% similarity to one another. both genes are preferentially expressed in the salivary glands of male and fe ... | 2000 | 10903440 |
| induced expression of sarcotoxin ia enhanced host resistance against both bacterial and fungal pathogens in transgenic tobacco. | we demonstrate here that induced expression of sarcotoxin ia, a bactericidal peptide from sarcophaga peregrina, enhanced the resistance of transgenic tobacco plants to both bacterial and fungal pathogens. the peptide was produced with a modified pr1a promoter, which is further activated by salicylic acid treatment and necrotic lesion formation by pathogen infection. host resistance to infection of bacteria erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora and pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci was shown to be d ... | 2000 | 10939257 |
| a novel hemocyte-specific membrane protein of sarcophaga (flesh fly). | extensive tissue remodeling takes place during metamorphosis of holometabolous insects. it has been shown that hemocytes play crucial roles in the recognition and elimination of apoptotic cells and larval tissue fragments produced during metamorphosis. we report the immunoaffinity purification, cdna cloning, and characterization of a prepupal hemocyte membrane protein of sarcophaga (flesh fly) with a molecular mass of 120 kda. this protein is a novel type i transmembrane protein with 18 repeats ... | 2000 | 10951197 |
| hydrolysis and synthesis of substrate proteins for cathepsin l in the brain basement membranes of sarcophaga during metamorphosis. | previously, we identified two proteins with molecular masses of 200 and 210 kda in basement membranes of sarcophaga imaginal discs as substrates for cathepsin l [homma, k. and natori, s. (1996) eur. j. biochem. 240, 443-447]. here we demonstrated that the same proteins were also present in the basement membranes of larval brains. these proteins were suggested to be digested by cathepsin l secreted from the larval brains in response to 20-he. from the behavior of these proteins during metamorphos ... | 2000 | 10965055 |
| male-specific idgf, a novel gene encoding a membrane-bound extracellular signaling molecule expressed exclusively in testis of drosophila melanogaster. | we identified a novel gene of drosophila melanogaster, male-specific idgf (msi), encoding a transmembrane signaling molecule with exclusive expression in the testis. this molecule (msi) contains a single transmembrane domain and has 35% amino acid identity with insect-derived growth factor (idgf), a soluble growth factor for embryonic cells of the flesh fly, sarcophaga peregrina. when msi was exogenously expressed in schneiders's line 2 cells, it was shown to be localized on the cell surface and ... | 2000 | 10967093 |
| activation of murine macrophage-like cells by granulocytin. | granulocytin, a c-type lectin from sarcophaga peregrina (flesh fly), stimulated glucose consumption and cytokine production by the mouse macrophage-like cell line j774.1. when j774.1 cells were pretreated with tunicamycin, their granulocytin-dependent tnf-alpha production was greatly reduced. these results suggest that the stimulus of granulocytin is transmitted to j774.1 cells via the carbohydrate chain of granulocytin receptors located on their surface. | 2000 | 10973810 |
| sequence and transcription patterns of 60s ribosomal protein p0, a diapause-regulated ap endonuclease in the flesh fly, sarcophaga crassipalpis. | we have isolated and sequenced a 1308bp clone from a pupal brain cdna library of the flesh fly, sarcophaga crassipalpis, showing 97% amino acid (aa) sequence similarity to ceratitis capitata 60s acidic ribosomal protein p0 (ccp0) and 93% aa sequence similiarity to drosophila melanogaster p0 (dmp0). dmp0 is a multifunctional protein necessary for efficient protein translation of the 60s ribosome as well as dna repair via ap3 endonuclease activity. in this study, we observed that s. crassipalpis p ... | 2000 | 11024299 |
| sapecin b alters kinetic properties of rapidly inactivating k(+) channels in rat pituitary gh(3) cells. | sapecin b is an antibacterial protein isolated and purified from culture medium of the embryonic cell line derived from the flesh fly (sarcophaga peregrina). it has structural similarities to the scorpion toxin charybdotoxin (ctx). we have first detailed the effects of the newly described toxin (sapecin b) on the gating kinetics of the 4-aminopyridine-sensitive, rapidly inactivating k(+) current in rat pituitary gh(3) cells in order to investigate this protein's site of action, with whole-cell v ... | 2000 | 11093027 |
| heat-shock protein 90 is down-regulated during pupal diapause in the flesh fly, sarcophaga crassipalpis, but remains responsive to thermal stress. | heat-shock protein 23 (hsp23) and hsp70 are both known to be strongly up-regulated during pupal diapause in the flesh fly sarcophaga crassipalpis. this prompted us to investigate whether hsp90 was also up-regulated during diapause. to test this possibility, we developed a partial clone of a hsp90 family member for use as a probe in northern blot hybridization. both high and low temperature exposure up-regulated hsp90 transcripts in nondiapausing individuals. in contrast to hsp23 and hsp70, hsp90 ... | 2000 | 11122473 |
| cloning of cdna for cathepsin b mrna 3'-untranslated-region-binding protein (cbbp), and characterization of recombinant cbbp. | previously, we purified the cathepsin b mrna 3'-untranslated-region-binding protein (cbbp) from sarcophaga and suggested its participation in the translational regulation of cathepsin b mrna in this insect. in this study, we isolated a full length cdna for cbbp. cbbp was an rna-binding protein that contained four rgg boxes and four zinc finger motifs required for rna binding. cbbp was shown to be localized in both the nuclei and cytoplasm of sarcophaga hemocytes. recombinant cbbp bound to the en ... | 2001 | 11226890 |
| the drosophila alcohol dehydrogenase gene may have evolved independently of the functionally homologous medfly, olive fly, and flesh fly genes. | cdnas for alcohol dehydrogenase (adh) isozymes were cloned and sequenced from two tephritid fruit flies, the medfly ceratitis capitata and the olive fly bactrocera oleae. because of the high sequence divergence compared with the drosophila sequences, the medfly cdnas were cloned using sequence information from the purified proteins, and the olive fly cdnas were cloned by functional complementation in yeast. the medfly peptide sequences are about 83% identical to each other, and the corresponding ... | 2001 | 11230533 |
| characterization of a novel heterodimeric cathepsin l-like protease and cdna encoding the catalytic subunit of the protease in embryos of artemia franciscana. | embryos and larvae of the brine shrimp, artemia franciscana, contain a novel cathepsin l-like cysteine protease (acp) composed of 28.5- and 31.5-kda subunits. both subunits of the acp are glycosylated, and seven isoforms of the protease were identified by isoelectric focusing with pi values ranging from 4.6 to 6.2. several clones containing sequences coding for the 28.5-kda subunit of the acp were isolated from an artemia embryo cdna library in lambda zap ii. one clone of 1229 bp, with an open r ... | 2001 | 11235917 |
| [antimicrobial proteins of insects: a speculation of their origin and functions]. | 2001 | 11268635 | |
| vitamin requirements of the cultured flesh fly cells, sarcophaga peregrina (diptera, sarcophagidae). | essential vitamins for the growth of a cell line derived from the flesh fly, sarcophaga peregrina, were determined. by examining the survivability of continuous passages of the cells in the chemically defined medium lacking one vitamin, thiamine, riboflavin, pantothenate and either niacin or niacinamide were found to be essential for the continuous growth of the flesh fly cells in vitro. [originally published in volume 37, archives of insect biochemistry and physiology, 37:283-286 (1998).] | 2001 | 11276063 |
| activation of the sarcophaga lectin gene promoter by (a + t)-stretch binding protein. | previously, we purified and isolated a cdna for (a + t)-stretch binding protein (atbp) that binds to (a + t)-stretches in the 5' upstream region of the sarcophaga lectin gene [nakanishi-matsui, m., kubo, t. & natori, s. (1995) eur. j. biochem. 230, 396-400]. here, we used a luciferase reporter to examine the effect of atbp on transcription of the sarcophaga lectin gene. deletion experiments revealed that atbp activates the sarcophaga lectin gene in a 5' upstream sequence-dependent manner, and th ... | 2001 | 11298770 |
| insect lectins and innate immunity. | 2001 | 11418988 | |
| purification, characterization, and primary structure of four depressant insect-selective neurotoxin analogs from scorpion (buthus sindicus) venom. | four depressant insect-selective neurotoxin analogs (termed bs-dprit1 to 4) from the venom of the scorpion buthus sindicus were purified to homogeneity in a single step using reverse-phase hplc. the molecular masses of the purified toxins were 6820.9, 6892.4, 6714.7, and 6657.1 da, respectively, as determined by mass spectrometry. these long-chain neurotoxins were potent against insects with half lethal dose values of 67, 81, 103, and 78 ng/100 mg larva and 138, 160, 163, and 142 ng/100 mg cockr ... | 2001 | 11437351 |
| preliminary observations on the effects of hydrocortisone and sodium methohexital on development of sarcophaga (curranea) tibialis macquart (diptera: sarcophagidae), and implications for estimating post mortem interval. | larvae of sarcophaga (curranea) tibialis (s. tibialis) were reared at constant temperature on chicken liver treated with a steroid or a barbiturate at concentrations that would be lethal, half-lethal and twice-lethal doses for humans. trends to greater mortality at higher drug concentrations were not statistically significant. larvae exposed to either drug took significantly longer to reach pupation compared to those in the control, while larvae exposed to sodium methohexital passed through pupa ... | 2001 | 11457607 |
| identification and characterization of an antibacterial peptide of the 26-kda protease of sarcophaga peregrina with antibacterial activity. | previously, we purified a serine protease with a molecular mass of 26 kda that exhibits potent antibacterial activity from a pupal extract of sarcophaga peregrina (flesh fly). we divided this protease into 12 peptides and examined their antibacterial activity. a peptide corresponding to residues 155 to 174 (peptide 9) was found to exhibit antibacterial activity comparable to that of the 26-kda protease. when escherichia coli was treated with peptide 9, the permeability of both the outer and inne ... | 2001 | 11481051 |
| interaction between atbp and dmubc9 in the expression of the sarcophaga lectin gene. | we previously demonstrated that (a+t)-stretch binding protein (atbp) and dorsal-related immunity factor (dif) are required for the expression of the sarcophaga lectin gene in sl-2 cells (aozasa et al., eur. j. biochem. 268, 2506-2511, 2001). the present study demonstrates that dmubc9 interacts with atbp, and cotransfection of the dmubc9 vector with atbp and dif vectors greatly enhances the expression of the luciferase reporter of the sarcophaga lectin gene in sl-2 cells. these results suggest th ... | 2001 | 11527391 |
| dna-based identification and molecular systematics of forensically important sarcophagidae (diptera). | sarcophagid flies have many characteristics that make them ideal forensic indicators. however, their utility is severely limited because it is difficult or impossible to determine the species of a sarcophagid larva, and in many instances an adult specimen, based on anatomy. we developed a database of mitochondrial dna sequence data that makes it possible to identify all sarcophagid species likely to be found feeding on a human corpse at an urban location in canada or the usa. analyses were based ... | 2001 | 11569549 |
| targeted disruption of a pupal hemocyte protein of sarcophaga by rna interference. | previously, we purified a transmembrane protein with a molecular mass of 120 kda (p120) that is exclusively expressed in pupal hemocytes of sarcophaga. in this study, we demonstrated that double-stranded rna (dsrna) injected into the larval body cavity effectively inhibited the expression of p120 in pupal hemocytes. thus, rna interference (rnai) was found to be a useful technique for creating pupal hemocytes with a loss-of-function of a specific protein. the p120-less pupal hemocytes generated b ... | 2001 | 11606191 |
| intracellular freezing, viability, and composition of fat body cells from freeze-intolerant larvae of sarcophaga crassipalpis. | although it is often assumed that survival of freezing requires that ice formation must be restricted to extracellular compartments, fat body cells from freeze-tolerant larvae of the gall fly, eurosta solidaginis (diptera, tephritidae) survive intracellular freezing. furthermore, these cells are highly susceptible to inoculative freezing by external ice, undergo extensive lipid coalescence upon thawing, and survive freezing better when glycerol is added to the suspension medium. to determine whe ... | 2001 | 11746564 |
| participation of two n-terminal residues in lps-neutralizing activity of sarcotoxin ia. | sarcotoxin ia is a cecropin-type antibacterial peptide of flesh fly. using a mutant sarcotoxin ia lacking two n-terminal residues, we demonstrated that these residues are indispensable for its antibacterial activity against escherichia coli and lps-binding. contrary to the native sarcotoxin ia, the mutant sarcotoxin ia could not neutralize various biological activities of lps. it was suggested that sarcotoxin ia firmly binds to the lipid a core of lps via these two n-terminal residues and forms ... | 2002 | 11820943 |
| identification and characterization of a drosophila homologue of atbp. | atbp [(a+t)-stretch binding protein] activates the sarcophaga defense protein genes in an (a+t)-stretch dependent manner as shown previously using a luciferase reporter assay [aozasa et al. (2001) eur j biochem, 268, 2506-2511]. we identified the drosophila homologue of atbp. drosophila atbp has 388 amino acid residues and the amino acid sequence has high similarity with that of the sarcophaga atbp. in particular, residues 1-56 and 301-374 are highly conserved between sarcophaga and drosophila. ... | 2002 | 11841500 |
| interaction of the anterior fat body protein with the hexamerin receptor in the blowfly calliphora vicina. | in late larvae of the blowfly, calliphora vicina, arylphorin and lsp-2 proteins, which belong to the class of hexamerins, are selectively taken up by the fat body from the haemolymph. hexamerin endocytosis is mediated by a specific membrane-bound receptor, the arylphorin-binding protein (abp). using the two-hybrid technique, we found that the anterior fat body protein (afp) interacts with the hexamerin receptor. afp, a homologue of the mammalian calcium-binding liver protein regucalcin (senescen ... | 2002 | 11846797 |
| fatty acid esters of juvenoid alcohols as insect hormonogen agents (juvenogens). | a series of 8 new juvenogens (3--10) was prepared starting from a pair of isomeric insect juvenile hormone bioanalogues ( and ). the biological activity of the juvenogens -- was tested for their effect on reproduction of the blowfly neobellieria (sarcophaga) bullata and for the juvenilizing activity on the termite prorhinotermes simplex. results of biological screening are important in structure--activity studies and promising for potential practical application of some of the juvenogens studied ... | 2002 | 11886793 |
| adenosine deaminase-related growth factors stimulate cell proliferation in drosophila by depleting extracellular adenosine. | we describe a protein family in drosophila containing six adenosine deaminase-related growth factors (adgfs), which are homologous to a mitogenic growth factor discovered in conditioned medium from cells of a different fly species, sarcophaga. closely related proteins have been identified in other animals, and a human homolog is implicated in the genetic disease cat-eye syndrome. the two most abundantly expressed adgfs in drosophila larvae are adgf-a, which is strongly expressed in the gut and l ... | 2002 | 11904370 |
| larval fly activity on sunlit versus shaded raccoon carrion in southwestern west virginia with special reference to the black blowfly (diptera: calliphoridae). | larvae of phormia regina (meigen), phaenicia sp., and sarcophaga sp. were identified from raccoon carcasses placed in sunlit and shaded areas at a southwestern west virginia site in may of 2000. samples of larvae were taken from each carcass at 3-h intervals over a 153-h experimental period. phormia regina was clearly the dominant species with large numbers of third instars observed at every 3-h collection period from 81 to 153 h on both carcasses. mean lengths of third-instar p. regina larvae c ... | 2002 | 11931041 |
| upregulation of transcripts encoding select heat shock proteins in the flesh fly sarcophaga crassipalpis in response to venom from the ectoparasitoid wasp nasonia vitripennis. | 2002 | 12054789 | |
| human wild-type tau interacts with wingless pathway components and produces neurofibrillary pathology in drosophila. | pathologic alterations in the microtubule-associated protein tau have been implicated in a number of neurodegenerative disorders, including alzheimer's disease (ad), progressive supranuclear palsy (psp), and frontotemporal dementia (ftd). here, we show that tau overexpression, in combination with phosphorylation by the drosophila glycogen synthase kinase-3 (gsk-3) homolog and wingless pathway component (shaggy), exacerbated neurodegeneration induced by tau overexpression alone, leading to neurof ... | 2002 | 12062036 |
| activation of the sarcophaga lectin gene promoter in transgenic drosophila. | we established transgenic drosophila strains in which the lacz gene was expressed under the control of the 5'-upstream regulatory region of the sarcophaga lectin gene promoter (3.1 kbp). the reporter gene was expressed in the fat bodies of the transgenic larvae when they were immunized by body pricking or treatment with escherichia coli, which was the same as the sarcophaga lectin gene expression in sarcophaga larvae. however, the same reporter gene was found to be expressed constitutively in th ... | 2002 | 12111973 |
| genes encoding two cystatins in the flesh fly sarcophaga crassipalpis and their distinct expression patterns in relation to pupal diapause. | two genes encoding cystatins, cysteine proteinase inhibitors, were cloned from the flesh fly sarcophaga crassipalpis. one, sarcocystatin a (abbreviated scys-a and scys-a for the gene and protein, respectively) was previously cloned from sarcophaga peregrina, but the other is novel. here the novel gene is named sarcocystatin b (abbreviated scys-b and scys-b for the gene and protein, respectively). tissue distribution of the two sarcocystatins differs: the fat body is the major site of scys-a expr ... | 2002 | 12119106 |
| [synthesis and antibacterial activity of analogues of the n-terminal fragment of the sarcotoxin ia antimicrobial peptide]. | three 18-membered analogues of the n-terminal fragment of the sarcotoxin ia cationic antimicrobial peptide were synthesized by the solid phase method of peptide synthesis with the use of swellographic monitoring. the ability of these peptides to inhibit the growth of various bacteria in culture medium and their hemolytic activity in experiments on human erythrocytes were studied. the analogue completely corresponding to the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the natural sarcotoxin ia with the ami ... | 2002 | 12408023 |
| in vivo magnetic resonance microscopy of brain structure in unanesthetized flies. | we present near-cellular-resolution magnetic resonance (mr) images of an unanesthetized animal, the blowfly sarcophaga bullata. immobilized flies were inserted into a home-built gradient probe in a 14.1-t magnet, and images of voxel size (20-40 microm)(3)--comparable to the diameter of many neuronal cell bodies in the fly's brain--were obtained in several hours. use of applied field gradients on the order of 60 g/cm allowed minimally distorted images to be produced, despite significant susceptib ... | 2002 | 12419675 |
| effect of temperature on development of liopygia (= sarcophaga) argyrostoma (robineau-desvoidy) (diptera: sarcophagidae) and its forensic implications. | the temperature-dependent development of the forensically important flesh fly liopygia (thomsonea) argyrostoma (robineau-desvoidy) (=sarcophaga argyrostoma) was studied at six constant temperature regimes in the laboratory. total developmental time of l. argyrostoma from larviposition to adult emergence was 54.9+/-1.45, 31.3+/-1.1, 22.2+/-0.67, 16.3+/-0.54, and 14.9+/-0.4 days (+/-s.d.) when reared at 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 degrees c, respectively. at 8 degrees c, larval development was not comp ... | 2002 | 12455659 |
| tan and ebony genes regulate a novel pathway for transmitter metabolism at fly photoreceptor terminals. | in drosophila melanogaster, ebony and tan, two cuticle melanizing mutants, regulate the conjugation (ebony) of beta-alanine to dopamine or hydrolysis (tan) of the beta-alanyl conjugate to liberate dopamine. beta-alanine biosynthesis is regulated by black. ebony and tan also exert unexplained reciprocal defects in the electroretinogram, at on and off transients attributable to impaired transmission at photoreceptor synapses, which liberate histamine. compatible with this impairment, we show that ... | 2002 | 12486147 |
| egfp as a fusion partner for the expression and organic extraction of small polypeptides. | green fluorescent protein (gfp) is widely used as an excellent reporter module of the fusion proteins. the unique structure of gfp allows isolation of the active fluorescent protein directly from the crude cellular sources by extraction with organic solvents. we demonstrated the stable expression of four short polypeptides fused to gfp in escherichia coli cells, including antimicrobial cationic peptides, which normally kill bacteria. egfp module protected fusion partners from the intracellular d ... | 2003 | 12509985 |
| a newly established in vitro culture using transgenic drosophila reveals functional coupling between the phospholipase a2-generated fatty acid cascade and lipopolysaccharide-dependent activation of the immune deficiency (imd) pathway in insect immunity. | innate immunity is the first line of defence against infectious micro-organisms, and the basic mechanisms of pathogen recognition and response activation are evolutionarily conserved. in mammals, the innate immune response in combination with antigen-specific recognition is required for the activation of adaptive immunity. therefore, innate immunity is a pharmaceutical target for the development of immune regulators. here, for the purpose of pharmaceutical screening, we established an in vitro c ... | 2003 | 12513692 |
| changes in cysteine protease activity and localization during midgut metamorphosis in the crucifer root maggot (delia radicum). | we show that differential localization and/or activation of two cysteine protease activities occur at the onset of dipteran midgut metamorphosis. a 26 kda cysteine protease activity was associated specifically with midgut tissues of late third instar larvae. starvation of mid third instar larvae simulated the onset of prepupation and resulted in loss of the 26 kda protease activity. a cdna clone encoding a cysteine protease, termed drcp1, was isolated and shown to be highly similar to those from ... | 2002 | 12530226 |
| peripheral nerve connections influence the appearance of neurosecretary material in neural sheath of ventral ganglion of the fly sarcophaga bullata: an immunocytochemical study. | this study examined the role of the brain and peripheral connections with the target organs in the appearance of neurosecretary material within the dorsal neural sheath of the ventral ganglion of the fly s. bullata. specifically, the accumulation of the neuropeptide fmrfamide (the neurosecretary material) was examined by immunocytochemistry. immunoreactions were performed on: (1) a normal intact ventral ganglion, (2) an isolated ventral ganglion that was cultured in vivo, and (3) a ventral gangl ... | 2002 | 12622175 |
| expression of the recombinant antibacterial peptide sarcotoxin ia in escherichia coli cells. | sarcotoxin ia is an antibacterial peptide that is secreted by a meat-fly sarcophaga peregrina larva in response to a hypodermic injury or bacterial infection. this peptide is highly toxic against a broad spectrum of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and lethal to microbes even at nanomolar concentrations. however, research needs as well as its potential use in medicine require substantial amounts of highly purified sarcotoxin. because heterologous expression systems proved to be inef ... | 2003 | 12699700 |
| myiasis of a perineal fistula. | we report a case of myiasis of a rectocutaneous fistula in a subject suffering from bone metastases after surgical resection of a neoplastic bladder. the fistula was infested by maggots identified as third-instar larvae of flies belonging to the family sarcophagidae, genus sarcophaga. the infestation was neither intestinal nor pseudointestinal; it was probably caused by a fly ovipositing on the fistula of the patient while having wound care at home, even though the possibility that the infestati ... | 2002 | 12701384 |
| the ectoparasitic wasp nasonia vitripennis (walker) (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) differentially affects cells mediating the immune response of its flesh fly host, sarcophaga bullata parker (diptera: sarcophagidae). | in this study, we examined cellular immune responses in the flesh fly, sarcophaga bullata, when parasitized by the ectoparasitoid nasonia vitripennis. in unparasitized, young pharate adults and third instar, wandering larvae of s. bullata, four main hemocyte types were identified by light microscopy: plasmatocytes, granular cells, oenocytoids, and pro-hemocytes. parasitism of young pharate adults had a differential effect on host hemocytes; oenocytoids and pro-hemocytes appeared to be unaltered ... | 2002 | 12770028 |
| mode of action of an insect neuropeptide leucopyrokinin (lpk) on pupariation in fleshfly (sarcophaga bullata) larvae (diptera: sarcophagidae). | an insect neuropeptide leucopyrokinin (lpk) (pqtsftprlamide) accelerates pupariation in wandering larvae of the fleshfly sarcophaga bullata. the period of sensitivity to the action of lpk begins approximately 4 h before pupariation. within this period the degree of acceleration of contraction into the shape of a puparium is practically independent of the age at which the larvae are injected, while acceleration of tanning is distinctly more age dependent. from ligation experiments we conclude tha ... | 2002 | 12770042 |
| short-day and long-day expression patterns of genes involved in the flesh fly clock mechanism: period, timeless, cycle and cryptochrome. | though our knowledge of the molecular details of the circadian clock has advanced rapidly, the functional elements of the photoperiodic clock remain largely unknown. as a first step to approach this issue, we report here the sequences and expression patterns of period (per), timeless (tim), cycle (cyc) and cryptochrome (cry) mrnas in the flesh fly sarcophaga crassipalpis. nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the genes in s. crassipalpis show high similarity to homologous genes in other ... | 2002 | 12770058 |
| proteolytic breakdown of the neb-trypsin modulating oostatic factor (neb-tmof) in the hemolymph of different insects and its gut epithelial transport. | the degradation of the unblocked hexapeptide, trypsin modulating oostatic factor of the flesh fly neobellieria (sarcophaga) bullata (neb-tmof) was studied in vitro in the hemolymph of the lepidopteran spodoptera frugiperda, the orthopteran schistocerca gregaria and the dictyopteran leucophaea maderae. the half-life in the different species varied from approximately 3min in l. maderae to approximately 25min in s. gregaria. purification of the degradation products and esi-qq-oa-tof mass spectromet ... | 2001 | 12770174 |
| cold hardiness of the fly pupal parasitoid nasonia vitripennis is enhanced by its host sarcophaga crassipalpis. | supercooling points (scps) and low temperature survival were determined for diapausing and nondiapausing larvae of the ectoparasitoid nasonia vitripennis. neither nondiapausing nor diapausing larvae could survive tissue freezing. the scp profiles were nearly identical for nondiapause-destined (-27 degrees c) and diapausing larvae (-25 degrees c), but these values were not indicative of the lower limits of tolerance in either type of larvae: larvae were killed by chilling at temperatures well abo ... | 2000 | 12770263 |
| desiccation elicits heat shock protein transcription in the flesh fly, sarcophaga crassipalpis, but does not enhance tolerance to high or low temperatures. | although heat shock protein (hsp) production has been noted in response to multiple environmental stresses, no link has been previously established between desiccation and hsps. following a nonlethal desiccation at 0% relative humidity (r.h.) for up to 48 h, two heat shock protein transcripts, hsp23 and hsp70, were upregulated in pupae of the flesh fly, sarcophaga crassipalpis. the transcripts were nearly undetectable in control pupae, but within 24 h after being placed at 0% r.h. high transcrip ... | 1999 | 12770286 |
| allatostatin-like immunoreactivity in the optic lobe of the fly sarcophaga bullata. | an antiserum against diploptera allastostain 1 (dip-ast1) was used to map the distribution of allatostain containing neurons in the optic lobes of the fly saccrophaga bullata. strongly immunoreacting neurons were found in two areas of the optic ganglia, namely, the medulla and the area between medulla and lobula. these cells were generally interneurons arborizing the base of the medulla. the positive reaction of specific populations of the optic lobe neurons against allatostain antiserum suggest ... | 2003 | 12899456 |
| identification and purification of sulfotransferases for 20-hydroxysteroid from the larval fat body of a fleshfly, sarcophaga peregrina. | sulfotransferase (st) activity for 20-hydroxyecdysone (20e) was identified in a larval fat body lysate of the fleshfly, sarcophaga peregrina, but not in the hemolymph. the activity was highly sensitive to 2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenol (dcnp) (ic50=0.61 microm), a specific inhibitor of phenol st (p-st), but insensitive to triethylamine, a hydroxysteroid st inhibitor. these results suggest that 20e-specific st enzymes belong to the p-st family, despite the fact that 20e is a hydroxysteroid. in additi ... | 2003 | 12951514 |
| motor responses evoked by the dorsal ocelli of sarcophaga aldrichi parker, and the orientation of the fly to plane polarized light. | 1953 | 13111279 | |
| notes on the flies of medical importance in japan. viii. descriptions of sarcophaga ugamskii (rohdendorf, 1937) and two new species of sarcophaga from tokyo. | 1953 | 13142737 | |
| [contribution to faunistic knowledge of the genus sarcophaga in italy (diptera, calliphoridae)]. | 1954 | 13186176 | |
| [australomalotylus rageaui n. sp., encyrtidae parasite of sarcophaga sp. in new caledonia]. | 1956 | 13340433 | |
| the microstructure of the compound eyes of insects. | the apposition eyes of two diurnal insects, sarcophaga bullata (diptera) and anax junius (odonata), have been examined with the electron microscope. in the latter case only the rhabdom is described. the rhabdom of the fly consists of a central matrix and seven rhabdomeres, one for each retinula cell. the rhabdomeres show an ordered internal structure built up of transverse tubes, hexagonal in cross-section. these slender compartments running the width of the rhabdomere are 370 a in diameter. aft ... | 1957 | 13438927 |
| physiological effects of carbohydrates in the nutrition of a mosquito, aedes aegypti and two flies, sarcophaga bullata and musca domestica. | 1957 | 13491649 | |
| [a case of intestinal myiasis caused by sarcophaga larvae]. | 1959 | 13840358 | |
| [succinic dehydrogenase in the larvae of sarcophaga carnaria]. | 1962 | 14037509 | |
| giant polytene chromosomes in hypodermal cells of developing footpads of dipteran pupae. | large hypodermal cells with giant polytene chromosomes are present within the developing feet of sarcophaga and other fly pupae. the cells secrete a large volume of cuticle; at this time there is extensive "puffing" of the chromosomes. being hypodermal and superficially situated with permanent secretory products, the cells could be ideal experimental and genetical tools. | 1964 | 14107443 |
| fine structure of the sense organs on the antennal flagellum of a flesh fly, sarcophaga argyrostoma r.-d. (diptera, sarcophagidae). | 1964 | 14114961 | |
| [sarcophaga flies in mexico (insecta. diptera)]. | 1954 | 14372430 | |
| channel-forming membrane permeabilization by an antibacterial protein, sapecin: determination of membrane-buried and oligomerization surfaces by nmr. | the action mechanism of sapecin, an antibacterial peptide with membrane permeabilization activity, was investigated. the dose dependence of the membrane permeabilization caused by sapecin was sigmoidal, suggesting that sapecin oligomerization leads to the membrane permeabilization. solution nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of the sapecin-phospholipid vesicle complex revealed the surface buried in the membrane and oligomerization surface on the sapecin molecule. the membrane-buried surface of ... | 2004 | 14630928 |
| diptera of sanitary importance associated with composting of biosolids in argentina. | odorous compounds produced at the biosolids composting plant in bariloche (nw patagonia) attract a variety of insects, mainly belonging to the order diptera. in order to characterize these flies, collected specimens were taxonomically identified, their community characteristics were described and their sanitary and synanthropic importance and autochthonous or introduced character were determined. | 2003 | 14666301 |
| desiccation and rehydration elicit distinct heat shock protein transcript responses in flesh fly pupae. | heat shock proteins (hsps) are a ubiquitous component of the cellular response to stress in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, but their role and function during desiccation stress in terrestrial arthropods has received limited attention. molecular responses to rehydration are arguably as important as those to desiccation in maintaining cellular integrity and enzyme activity, but the role of hsps during stress recovery is poorly understood and has never been addressed with respect to reh ... | 2004 | 14766955 |
| comparison of the effects of pyrokinins and related peptides identified from arthropods on pupariation behaviour in flesh fly (sarcophaga bullata) larvae (diptera: sarcophagidae). | peptides from the pyrokinin/pban family and some structurally related compounds identified in various arthropods were tested for acceleration of puparial contraction in flesh fly larvae. modifications of behavioural patterns of pupariation were further studied for the active compounds using a behavioural analysis based on the recording of changes in tension of the cuticle. nine peptides belonging to the pyrokinin/pban family (lem-pk, pea-pk-5, lom-pk ii, hez-pban, bom-dh-i), identified in five d ... | 2004 | 15019526 |
| isolation and characterization of a c-type lectin cdna specifically expressed in the tip of mouthparts of the flesh fly sarcophaga peregrina. | we have isolated a novel gene, clem 36, of the flesh fly sarcophaga peregrina, which shows significant homology to the c-type lectin family. clem 36 mrna was transcribed excessively from the second day after eclosion only in the tip of mouthparts. whole mount in situ hybridization showed that clem 36 mrna was expressed in the c-type lectin-producing tissue (clpt) located at the entrance of the food canal and between the labellum and haustellum. immunoblot analysis showed that the mature form of ... | 2004 | 15056360 |
| factors related to the attraction of flies at a biosolids composting facility (bariloche, argentina). | the composting process is used to treat biosolids from the wastewater treatment plant of bariloche (nw patagonia, argentina). since 1998, an odourless, innocuous and stable organic amendment has been produced at the biosolids composting plant of bariloche. however, volatile compounds produced during this process, attract different vectors, mainly insects belonging to the order diptera, particularly in summer. to evaluate factors associated with the attraction of diptera to composting windrows, v ... | 2004 | 15207571 |
| effect of precocene on development of ovarian follicles in flesh fly, sarcophaga ruficornis f. | administration of precocene ii (6,7-dimethoxy-2, 2-dimethyl chromene) to freshly emerged virgin female flies of s. ruficornis adversely affected the development and differentiation of ovarian follicles leading to a number of morphological abnormalities. precocene treatment resulted into suppression of development of egg chamber, differentiation of follicular epithelium, degeneration of nurse cells, growth of oocyte and uptake of yolk granules by oocytes. the results suggest that precocene induce ... | 2004 | 15274485 |
| enzymatic characterization and functional groups of polyphenol oxidase from the pupae of blowfly (sarcophaga bullata). | polyphenol oxidase (ec 1.14.18.1) was purified from the pupae of blowfly (sarcophaga bullata) by a procedure involving ammonium sulfate fractionation and chromatography on deae-cellulose and sephadex g-100. kinetic characteristics of the enzyme were determined using l-dopa as substrate. the specific activity of the enzyme was 770 u/mg, and the michaelis constant (km) was 1.5 +/- 0.1 mm (ph 6.8, 30 degrees c). activity was maximal at 40 degrees c, ph 6.5. chemical modification experiments demonst ... | 2004 | 15377273 |
| disruption of pupariation and eclosion behavior in the flesh fly, sarcophaga bullata parker (diptera: sarcophagidae), by venom from the ectoparasitic wasp nasonia vitripennis (walker) (hymenoptera: pteromalidae). | the action of venom from the ectoparasitic wasp, nasonia vitripennis, was monitored by examining alterations in patterned muscular movements characteristic of pupariation and eclosion behavior in the flesh fly, sarcophaga bullata. venom injected into larvae prior to pupariation caused a dose-dependent delay in pupariation. eventually, such larvae did pupariate, but puparia were abnormally formed. barographic records revealed that all elements of pupariation behavior were present in venom-injecte ... | 2004 | 15378569 |
| in vivo and in vitro rapid cold-hardening protects cells from cold-shock injury in the flesh fly. | the capacity to undergo rapid the cold-hardening response (rch) has been documented in diverse groups of insects and functions to protect against non-freezing cold injury and to preserve physiological performance in response to environmental cooling. the rch response is remarkable for the rapidity of its induction; however the mechanism by which insects perceive cold and transduce this input at the cellular level has received little attention. to test the hypothesis that cells from isolated tiss ... | 2004 | 15503055 |
| cyclorraphan yolk proteins and lepidopteran minor yolk proteins originate from two unrelated lipase families. | vitellogenins, cyclorraphan yolk proteins and lepidopteran minor yolk proteins are three classes of female-specific proteins that serve as an embryonic nutritional store. similarity to vertebrate lipid-binding proteins was established for vitellogenins and yolk proteins, vitellogenins being related to apolipoprotein b and yolk proteins to lipases. recently, similarity between yolk proteins and minor yolk proteins was reported and it was suggested that yolk proteins are more related to minor yolk ... | 2004 | 15606810 |
| insect fauna visiting carrion in southwest virginia. | successional patterns of insect fauna on pig carcasses were studied in southwest virginia. the objective was to identify and qualitatively assess the major taxa of forensic importance in this region. studies were conducted in spring and summer 2001 and 2002, and fall 2002. over 50 taxa were collected and identified. phormia regina was the dominant fly species in the spring (>90%) and co-dominant with phaenicia coeruleiviridis in the summer. phaenicia sericata, lucilia illustris, and calliphora s ... | 2005 | 15837010 |
| nosocomial oral myiasis by sarcophaga sp. in turkey. | we present a case of oral myiasis in a 15-year-old boy with tuberculosis meningitis. the diagnosis was based on the visual presence of wriggling larvae about 1 cm in size and on the microscopic features of the maggots, especially those relating to stigmatic structures. the larvae were identified as third-stage larvae of sarcophaga sp. | 2005 | 15988817 |
| temporal expression patterns of diapause-associated genes in flesh fly pupae from the onset of diapause through post-diapause quiescence. | distinct differences in the temporal expression patterns of genes associated with pupal diapause were noted in the flesh fly, sarcophaga crassipalpis. the first change observed was a decline in expression of the gene encoding heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) 2 days after pupariation (1 day before the pupa reaches the phanerocephalic stage characteristic of diapause). in contrast, hsp23 and hsp70 transcripts were undetectable in nondiapause samples and d1-d4 diapause-programmed pupae, but were up-re ... | 2005 | 15993127 |
| gene expression of heat-shock proteins (hsp23, hsp70 and hsp90) during and after larval diapause in the blow fly lucilia sericata. | genes encoding heat-shock protein 23 (hsp23), hsp70 and hsp90 were cloned from lucilia sericata to examine whether their expression is related to the regulation of its larval diapause. the level of all three hsps mrnas was consistently low irrespective of diapause status. these results indicate that expression of hsp23, hsp70 and hsp90 is not regulated in response to diapause, in contrast to the flesh fly sarcophaga crassipalpis that shows upregulation of hsp23 and hsp70 and downregulation of hs ... | 2005 | 15993128 |
| a virus essential for insect host-parasite interactions encodes cystatins. | cotesia congregata is a parasitoid wasp that injects its eggs in the host caterpillar manduca sexta. in this host-parasite interaction, successful parasitism is ensured by a third partner: a bracovirus. the relationship between parasitic wasps and bracoviruses constitutes one of the few known mutualisms between viruses and eukaryotes. the c. congregata bracovirus (ccbv) is injected at the same time as the wasp eggs in the host hemolymph. expression of viral genes alters the caterpillar's immune ... | 2005 | 16014938 |
| comparative venom toxicity between pteromalus puparum and nasonia vitripennis (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) toward the hemocytes of their natural hosts, non-target insects and cultured insect cells. | crude venoms from two parasitoid species, pteromalus puparum and nasonia vitripennis (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) were assayed for biological activities toward hemocytes from two species of their natural hosts and eight species of their non-natural hosts as well as two lines of cultured lepidoptera cells, respectively. by inhibiting the spreading and viability of insect hemocytes, the venom from p. puparum displayed significantly higher activities toward plasmatocytes and granular cells from both ... | 2005 | 16026808 |
| inherent potential for production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha by human intestinal macrophages. | tumor necrosis factor (tnf) production by the macrophages in intestines appears to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of crohn's disease (cd). however, it is reported that resident intestinal macrophages (both colonic and small-bowel) do not produce tnf after lipopolysaccharide (lps) stimulation. it has not yet been proven whether or not intestinal macrophages have an inherent potential to produce tnf. the purpose of this study is to answer this question. | 2006 | 16091914 |
| a peptide from insects protects transgenic tobacco from a parasitic weed. | parasitic plants present some of the most intractable weed problems for agriculture in much of the world. species of root parasites such as orobanche can cause enormous yield losses, yet few control measures are effective and affordable. an ideal solution to this problem is the development of parasite-resistant crops, but this goal has been elusive for most susceptible crops. here we report a mechanism for resistance to the parasitic angiosperm orobanche based on expression of sarcotoxin ia in t ... | 2005 | 16145831 |
| comparative morphology of early stages of two mediterranean sarcophaga meigen, 1826 (diptera; sarcophagidae) and a review of the feeding habits of palaearctic species. | the third instar larva of sarcophaga hirticrus pandellé, 1896 and sarcophaga javita (peris, gonzález-mora and mingo, 1998) are described and figured for the first. the use of scanning electron microscopy (sem) has been demonstrated as an effective tool for determining differences at the specific level, and is here applied. the two species are distinguished from other sarcophaga spp. and the principal diagnostic character states are illustrated and discussed. comparative information on immature s ... | 2006 | 16182548 |
| expression of sarcotoxin ia gene via a root-specific tob promoter enhanced host resistance against parasitic weeds in tomato plants. | we have developed a simple genetic engineering strategy for conferring resistance against parasitic weeds on host plants. transgenic tomato plants expressing the sarcotoxin ia gene were grown either in polyethylene bags (pe) or in pots inoculated with orobanche aegyptiaca seeds. the results indicate that transgenic plants exhibited strong inhibition of parasite growth and significantly increased yield as compared with non-transgenic ones. in both pe and pot systems most of the parasite tubercles ... | 2006 | 16217684 |
| stress-induced accumulation of glycerol in the flesh fly, sarcophaga bullata: evidence indicating anti-desiccant and cryoprotectant functions of this polyol and a role for the brain in coordinating the response. | nondiapausing larvae of the flesh fly, sarcophaga bullata, responded to several forms of short-term environmental stress (low temperature, anoxia and desiccation) by accumulating glycerol. elevation of this polyol, regardless of the type of stress that induced accumulation, conferred cold resistance: larvae with high glycerol levels were 3-4 times more tolerant of a 2h exposure to -10 degrees c than unstressed larvae. protection against low temperature injury, as well as dehydration, was also at ... | 2006 | 16290823 |
| involvement of edtp, an egg-derived tyrosine phosphatase, in the early development of drosophila melanogaster. | previously, we purified a novel protein tyrosine phosphatase from eggs of the flesh fly, sarcophaga peregrina. this protein tyrosine phosphatase, named egg-derived tyrosine phosphatase (edtp), is expressed during oogenesis and early embryogenesis but is rapidly degraded in middle embryogenesis by lysosomal cathepsin l. here, we demonstrate the requirement of edtp in the development of the fruit fly, drosophila melanogaster. deletion of the drosophila edtp gene using transposase-catalyzed impreci ... | 2005 | 16428301 |
| review of forensically important entomological specimens in the period of 1972 - 2002. | forensic entomological specimens received by the unit of medical entomology, imr., from hospitals and the police in malaysia in the last 3 decades (1972 - 2002) are reviewed. a total of 448 specimens were received. from these, 538 identifications were made with the following results: eighteen species of cyclorrphaga flies were identified consisting of chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) 215 cases (47.99%), ch. rufifacies (masquart) 132 (29.46%), ch. villeneuvi patton 10 (2.23%), ch. nigripes auber ... | 2004 | 16493401 |
| [cutaneous myiasis over tumor-lesions: presentation of three cases]. | we report three cases of myiasis in patients with tumor-lesions. the first patient, a 54-year-old male, presented with laryngeal carcinoma with extensive local involvement, forming a large tumorous mass on the front of the neck that had been irradiated, where several active larvae were seen. the other two patients, females aged 101 and 87 years, respectively, presented with skin tumors on the scalp and face, and several active larvae could be seen in these tumors. after microbiological examinati ... | 2006 | 16540050 |
| ecdysone and ecdysone analogues: their assay on the fleshfly sarcophaga peregrina. | 1967 | 16578683 | |
| correlated effects of ecdysone and neurosecretion in puparium formation (pupariation) of flies. | a neurohormone accelerates the formation and tanning of the fly puparium in the presence of ecdysone. when larvae of phormia regina are divided by ligation into two parts before the critical period, the hind part remains untanned, unless injected with blood from a pupariating larva. this confirms earlier observations and is in contrast to recent data with another genus. when sarcophaga bullata larvae are ligated after the critical period, the anterior part starts to tan about two hours before th ... | 1969 | 16591794 |
| overt and covert effects of endogenous and exogenous ecdysone in puparium formation of flies. | mature larvae of sarcophaga argyrostoma fail to form puparia when kept in contact with water, but pupariate after having been subsequently exposed to dryness for 30 hr. they become increasingly more sensitive to injected ecdysone the longer the exposure to dry conditions. a second wet treatment halts the production of hormone that had occurred during the dry period, and reduces a sensitization to injected ecdysone during the intervening dry treatment. apparently, injected ecdysone had cumulative ... | 1970 | 16591860 |
| role of ecdysone, pupariation factors, and cyclic amp in formation and tanning of the puparium of the fleshfly sarcophaga bullata. | two pupariation factors, anterior retraction factor (arf) and puparium tanning factor (ptf), are absent from the hemolymph of larvae at the time of tanning accelerated by arf/ptf, cyclic amp, or dopamine. arf and ptf are not involved in derepression of dopa decarboxylase (aromatic l-amino-acid decarboxylase, aromatic l-amino-acid carboxy-lyase, ec 4.1.1.28) synthesis initiated by ecdysone. tanning is entirely inhibited by injection of two transcriptional inhibitors, actinomycin and brdurd, and t ... | 1977 | 16592458 |
| hormonal control of eclosion of flies from the puparium. | pharate flies (sarcophaga bullata) very close to eclosion were injected with hemolymph from eclosing flies or various other preparations, kept at 10 degrees c for 24 hr, returned to room temperature, and tested for eclosion behavior (ongoing, attempted, or completed eclosion) during the first 30 min, the subsequent 2(1/2) hr, and after 51 hr. flies injected with "eclosion" hemolymph showed significantly more eclosion activity during the first 30 min than noninjected controls, flies injected with ... | 1984 | 16593432 |
| rapid cold-hardening increases membrane fluidity and cold tolerance of insect cells. | the rapid cold-hardening (rch) response not only confers dramatic protection against cold-shock (non-freezing) injury, but also "instantaneously" enhances organismal performance. since cold-shock injury is associated with damage to the cell membrane, we investigated the relationship between rch and changes in cold tolerance and membrane fluidity at the cellular level. none of the adult flies (sarcophaga bullata) in the cold-shocked treatment group survived direct transfer to -8 degrees c for 2 h ... | 2006 | 16626678 |
| muscoid fly populations in tsunami-devastated villages of southern india. | several coastal villages of southern india were affected by the 26 december 2004 tsunami, and 10,749 people were killed. investigation carried out in the affected villages during fourth, fifth, and sixth weeks posttsunami showed that the fly density was in the range of 12-91.8 flies per sweep net. in total, 3,259 flies belonging to eight species, namely, musca domestica l., musca vicina macquart, musca sorbens wiedemann, calliphora erythrocephala robineau-desvody, sarcophaga ruficornis f., chrys ... | 2006 | 16739426 |
| fat-body remodeling in drosophila melanogaster. | the remodeling of the larval fat body is observed in many insects during metamorphosis, but little is known about the physiological importance or the regulation of this process. in drosophila melanogaster, fat-body remodeling involves the dissociation of the fat body into individual fat cells, which persist throughout pupal development but are later removed by cell death in the young adult. inhibition of fat-body dissociation is associated with pharate adult lethality and thus is likely to be an ... | 2006 | 16868920 |
| the myosin filament superlattice in the flight muscles of flies: a-band lattice optimisation for stretch-activation? | low-angle x-ray diffraction patterns from relaxed fruitfly (drosophila) flight muscle recorded on the biocat beamline at the argonne advanced photon source (aps) show many features similar to such patterns from the "classic" insect flight muscle in lethocerus, the giant water bug, but there is a characteristically different pattern of sampling of the myosin filament layer-lines, which indicates the presence of a superlattice of myosin filaments in the drosophila a-band. we show from analysis of ... | 2006 | 16887144 |
| oleic acid is elevated in cell membranes during rapid cold-hardening and pupal diapause in the flesh fly, sarcophaga crassipalpis. | the integrity of cellular membranes is critical to the survival of insects at low temperatures, thus an advantage is conferred to insects that can adjust their composition of membrane fatty acids (fas). such changes contribute to homeoviscous adaption, a process that allows cellular membranes to maintain a liquid-crystalline state at temperatures that are potentially low enough to cause the membrane to enter the gel state and thereby lose its ability to maintain homeostasis. flesh flies (sarcoph ... | 2006 | 16997319 |