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replication of dengue virus type 2 in aedes albopictus cell culture.the replication of type 2 dengue (d-2) virus in aedes albopictus (aal) mosquito cell cultures differed from that in vertebrate (llc-mk2) rhesus monkey kidney cells. virus readily replicated in aal cells at either 30 or 37 c, but had no apparent effect on the host cell. persistent infection was established with continual virus production for at least 6 months, although the virulence of progeny virus for both suckling mice and llc-mk2 cells became attenuated. density gradient analysis of infected ...19734201188
protein kinase and phosphoproteins of vesicular stomatitis virus.protein kinases of similar but not identical activity were found associated with vesicular stomatitis (vs) virions grown in mouse l cells, primary chicken embryo (ce) cells, and bhk-21 cells, as well as being present in vs virions grown in hela and aedes albopictus cells. the virion kinase preferentially phosphorylated the nucleocapsid ns protein in vitro and to a lesser extent the envelope m protein. other virion proteins were phosphorylated in vitro only after drastic detergent treatment. part ...19744359419
low humidity water-retention ability in eretmapodites chrysogaster and aedes albopictus. 19674382866
experimental studies with chikungunya virus in aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. 19674383887
infection of an aedes albopictus cell line with an arbovirus isolated from anopheline mosquitoes. 19714398590
meiosis in the male of culex pipiens and aedes albopictus and fertilization in the culex pipiens-complex. 19714398667
chromosome characterization of three cell lines derived from aedes albopictus (skuse) and aedes aegypti (l.). 19724402377
[feeding behavior of aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus (skuse) females and factors influencing the number of eggs deposited by same]. 19744450555
[viral specific rna synthesis in sindbis infected "aedes albopictus" mosquito cells i. - evidence for a 18s rna species in infected cells (author's transl)]. 19744463758
relative population densities of aedes albopictus and a. guamensis on guam.aedes guamensis farner & bohart is indigenous to guam but a. albopictus is known to have arrived in 1944. the larval ecology of the two species is very similar; both species breed in tree holes, coconut shells, and other natural and man-made water containers. the purpose of the study was to compare the relative densities of larval populations of the two species with those determined in a survey made in 1948-49. the results suggest that as the population density of a. albopictus increased, that o ...19724538192
effect of amino acids on growths of singh's aedes albopictus cells and japanese encephalitis virus. 19734587473
semliki forest virus replication in cultured aedes albopictus cells: studies on the establishment of persistence. 19744610090
growth inhibition of japanese encephalitis virus by proline deficiency in singh's aedes albopictus cells. 19744611418
singh's aedes albopictus cell cultures as helper cells for the adaptation of obodhiang and kotonkan viruses of the rabies serogroup to some vertebrat cell cultures.multiplication of rabies serogroup viruses, obodhiang and kotonkan, was induced in vertebrate cell cultures by using singh's aedes albopictus cell cultures as "helper cells."19734633481
chromosome replication in cells of a continuous line derived from aedes albopictus (skuse) larvae. 20154654226
studies of interferon production in aedes albopictus mosquito cells. 19734683227
prevalence of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus and observations on the ecology of dengue haemorrhagic fever in several areas of thailand. 19734718121
induction of an interferon-like substance in persistently infected aedes albopictus cells. 19734735533
homologous viral interference in aedes albopictus cultures chronically infected with sindbis virus.complete homologous interference is demonstrated in cultures of aedes albopictus cells chronically infected with sindbis virus. the interference occurred before there was any detectable rna synthesis by the superinfecting virus.19734735592
purification of japanese encephalitis virus grown in bhk21 and singh's aedes albopictus cells by polyethylene glycol precipitation. 19734738144
hybridization between aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in malaysia. 19734749074
field and laboratory observations on landing and biting periodicities of aedes albopictus (skuse). 19734749076
[method of simultaneous mass production of larvae of aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus (skuse) diptera-culicidae]. 19734773086
aedes mascarensis macgregor on mauritius. i. ecology in relation to aedes albopictus (skuse) (diptera: culicidae). 19734779920
lipids of cultured mosquito cells (aedes albopictus). comparison with cultured mammalian fibroblasts (bhk 21 cells). 19734797240
temperature-sensitive virus from aedes albopictus cells chronically infected with sindbis virus.cultures of aedes albopictus cells persistently infected with wild-type sindbis virus (sv-w) give rise to small plaque-forming mutants which are also temperature sensitive. these mutants, designated sv-c, are neutralized by antiserum produced against sv-w. mutant ts clones were isolated from sv-c by plaque purification. after serial undiluted passage in bhk or mosquito cells, each of the clones gave rise to ts(+) revertants which, however, remained mutant with respect to plaque morphology. ninet ...19744855741
propagation of 3 relatively solvent-resistant arboviruses in singh's aedes albopictus and a. aegypti cell lines. 19725036201
studies on the characterization of cells in aedes albopictus cell cultures. 19715092725
phenogenetics of the homeotic mutant proboscipedia in aedes albopictus. 20085094715
adaptation of singh's aedes albopictus (atc-15) cell line to media with calf and goat sera and their susceptibility to infection with some arboviruses. 19715103347
cross-insemination frequencies between strains of aedes albopictus and members of the aedes scutellaris group. 19715118866
heterochromatin in cells derived from aedes albopictus (skuse) mosquito tissue culture. 19715124485
propagation of arboviruses in singh's aedes cell lines. i. growth of arboviruses in aedes albopictus and a. aegypti cell lines. 19715142320
3. rna of uninfected and sindbis virus-infected aedes albopictus cells. 19715142328
observations on the host range and feeding preferences of aedes albopictus (skuse). 19715153593
experimental infection of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus with dengue viruses. 19715159140
observations on possible competitive displacement between populations of aedes aegypti linnaeus and aedes albopictus skuse in calcutta.the possibility of competitive displacement in calcutta between aedes aegypti, a known vector of arboviruses, and a. albopictus, a suspected vector, was explored by general collections of immature stages from all types of breeding-places and by exposing oviposition traps in tenement houses, and gardens in urban, suburban, and rural environments. a. aegypti was predominant in houses and tenements in urban areas, but a. albopictus was not excluded. both species occurred in about equal densities in ...19675301385
isolation of dengue viruses in aedes albopictus cell cultures. 19695307611
aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus (skuse) in singapore city. 1. distribution and density.the distribution and density of ae. aegypti and ae. albopictus in singapore were assessed from extensive larval surveys carried out from 1966 to 1968 to evaluate their respective roles in the epidemiology of dengue haemorrhagic fever and to study their ecology in the urban areas. ten urban areas where the majority of dengue haemorrhagic fever cases occurred were surveyed.the results showed that both species were common in the city, with ae. aegypti being the dominant species. the distribution of ...19715316745
aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus (skuse) in singapore city. 2. larval habitats.detailed information on the breeding habitats of ae. aegypti and ae. albopictus is necessary when planning programmes for their control. the larval habitats of the two species in 10 city areas were counted and classified according to type, frequency of occurrence, location, and function. of all the breeding habitats recorded 95% were domestic containers. the most common ae. aegypti breeding habitats were ant traps, earthenware jars, bowls, tanks, tin cans, and drums, ant traps being the most com ...19715316746
aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus (skuse) in singapore city. 3. population fluctuations.fluctuations in the adult ae. aegypti and ae. albopictus populations and their relationship to rainfall were studied by weekly collections from a number of stations in the city. aedes aegypti populations generally fluctuated with the rainfall, with multiple peaks, except in the middle of the year when there was no increase in rainfall at the time of the peak in population. it is suggested that other regulating factors, in addition to rainfall, also determine the fluctuations of this species. aed ...19715316747
aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus (skuse) in singapore city. 4. competition between species.there is a current belief stemming from statements made in the literature that ae. aegypti is displacing ae. albopictus in a number of cities of south-east asia and in calcutta, india. a critical review of these works showed that either the observations were inconclusive or the methods of collection were biased for one or the other species.extensive surveys of the larval habitats of the two species in singapore showed that the sharing of breeding habitats was uncommon in both urban and rural are ...19715316748
aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus (skuse) in singapore city. 5. observations in relation to dengue haemorrhagic fever.dengue haemorrhagic fever in singapore was a disease of the urban human population, with concentrations of cases occurring in areas of high population density. mosquito surveys revealed that these areas also had high population densities of ae. aegypti and ae. albopictus.the disease occurred throughout the year but the incidence of cases appeared to follow a seasonal pattern. observations from 1966 to 1968 showed that the number of cases increased in april, reached a peak in november, and, there ...19715316749
storage of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus cells under liquid nitrogen. 20135510615
susceptibility of aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti cell lines to infection by arbo and other viruses. 19685680415
a study on the cytopathic effect of arboviruses on cultures from aedes albopictus cell line. 19695771694
susceptibility of the aedes albopictus and a. aegypti cell lines to infection with arboviruses. 19695787147
colorado tick fever virus: growth in a mosquito cell line.two strains of colorado tick fever virus grew in singh's aedes albopictus cells. in one of three experiments, virus growth continued for 7 weeks.19695798247
loss of mouse virulence in chikungunya virus from the carrier culture of aedes albopictus cell line. 19695823163
[resistance to insecticides in aedes aegypti l. and aedes albopictus in phnom-penh (cambodia)]. 19665976658
sequences of the coding and flanking regions of the large ribosomal subunit rna gene of mosquito mitochondria.we have sequenced a 1.6 kbp region of the mosquito (aedes albopictus) mitochondrial genome containing the large ribosomal subunit ("lsu") rna gene, and have located the ends of the gene by s1 protection analysis and by comparison with rna sequences. the gene is preceded by a trnaval gene and followed by genes for trnaieuuag (rather than trnaleuuaa, as in mammalian mitochondria) and an extended reading frame homologous to mammalian urf1. it is approximately 1335 residues long and is very low (17% ...06093053
a simplified new method for the identification of arboviruses: virus detection using enzyme immunoassay on cultured cells.a simple new method is reported for the identification of arbovirus isolates and the titration of arboviruses. horseradish peroxidase conjugated staphylococcus aureus protein a was used for the indirect staining of virus antigens grown in an aedes albopictus cell line, c6/36 cells. thirty-five isolates from culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes were examined by this method and 20 of these were identified as japanese encephalitis virus (jev). these results were confirmed by immunofluorescent assay a ...19846094608
japanese encephalitis virus surveillance in the taipei area, taiwan in 1978.attempts were made to isolate japanese encephalitis virus from mosquitoes collected with three light traps operated twice a week at three sentinel pigpens in the taipei area from may to oct. 1978. a total of 6,549 mosquitoes trapped alive were processed in 283 pools. suspensions were inoculated into aedes albopictus cell cultures and into suckling mice. a total of 19 je virus isolates were made; 12 from pools of cx. tritaeniorhynchus, 6 from cx. annulus and one from cx. quinquefaciatus. sindbis ...19806107994
the use of toxorhynchites mosquitoes to detect and propagate dengue and other arboviruses.both sexes of toxorhynchites amboinensis, an unusually large, non-blood sucking mosquito, were found to be as susceptible to infection with each of the four types of dengue virus by intrathoracic inoculation as aedes albopictus. tx. amboinensis infected with dengue virus could be identified easily by fluorescent antibody staining of head squashes and had advantages of size, hardiness, and safety (for females) as compared with ae. albopictus. tx. amboinensis also were more susceptible to infectio ...19816111230
inhibitors of imp dehydrogenase prevent sindbis virus replication and reduce gtp levels in aedes albopictus cells. 19816111860
replication of dengue, yellow fever, st. louis encephalitis and vesicular stomatitis viruses in a cell line (tra-171) derived from toxorhynchites amboinensis.the replication of seven arboviruses in a cell line (tra-171) derived from a nonhematophagous mosquito was studied. four serotypes of laboratory adapted and three serotypes of unadapted dengue viruses replicated in the tra-171 cell line, inducing syncytia. the sensitivity of tra-171 cells to dengue virus infection was comparable to that of aedes albopictus or a. pseudoscutellaris cells. yellow fever, st. louis encephalitis, and vesicular stomatitis viruses also replicated. all four serotypes of ...19816119288
dengue virus replication in a polyploid mosquito cell culture grown in serum-free medium.a subline of a polyploid cell line (tra-284) derived from a nonbiting mosquito, toxorhynchites amboinensis, was adapted to a serum-free medium. the sensitivity of the subline (tra-284-sf) to all serotypes of adapted dengue viruses was generally comparable to that of aedes albopictus (c6/36), and den 3 viruses replicated to higher titers in tra-28f-sf cells than in c6/36 cells. the subline was found to be useful for isolation of dengue viruses from human serum, since isolation rates were higher i ...19826130104
west nile virus in pakistan. iii. comparative vector capability of culex tritaeniorhynchus and eight other species of mosquitoes.eight species of mosquitoes from pakistan were compared with culex tritaeniorhynchus as experimental vectors of west nile (wn) virus. when fed by the membrane or cotton-pledget methods on a dose of wn virus 100% infective for cx tritaeniorhynchus, 95% and 73% of the females of cx fuscocephala and cx pseudovishnui became infected, respectively. cx quinquefasciatus, cx univittatus, aedes albopictus, ae. caspius, ae. indicus and ae. lineatopennis were all significantly less susceptible than cx trit ...19826134362
human hypersensitivity to a sham vaccine prepared from mosquito-cell culture fluids.a sham vaccine, prepared with the c6/36 cell line derived from larval aedes albopictus mosquitoes, was skin tested on 12 volunteers. although no reactions were observed after prick tests, three immediate reactions did occur after intradermal tests. subcutaneous administration of the c6/36 sham vaccine was initially performed on the nine subjects who did not demonstrate immediate reactions. five of these subjects developed delayed reactions at the site of the intradermal test within 12 hr after i ...19846150050
[preliminary report on the susceptibility of mosquitoes to brugia pahangi].a comparative study on the susceptibility of eight species of four genera of mosquitoes to brugia pahangi was carried out. aedes aegypti (liverpool strain), aedes togoi, armigeres subalbatus and mansonia uniformis (taiwan strains) were found with the third-stage larvae 14 days after feeding on infected rats (sprague-dawley). the remaining of aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, aedes pseudoalbopictus, culex p. fatigans and culex annutus (taiwan strains) were found refractory to infection. to determi ...19846150813
demonstration of interference between dengue virus types in cultured mosquito cells using monoclonal antibody probes.cultured aedes albopictus cells (clone c6/36), persistently infected (pi) with dengue virus type 1 (dengue-1) were found resistant to superinfection with dengue virus type 3 (dengue-3). this was determined by indirect immunofluorescent (if) staining of cultures using monoclonal antibody against a dengue-3 type-specific antigen. dengue-1 pi cultures stained with this antibody 3 days after superinfection with dengue-3 virus (m.o.i of 2) had dengue-3 antigen in 0.1 to 1.0% of the cells. control cul ...19826176677
generation of defective interfering particles of vesicular stomatitis virus in aedes albopictus cells. 19806256945
biochemical characterization of vesicular stomatitis virus-infected aedes albopictus cells deprived of methionine. 19816264688
transovarial transmission of st. louis encephalitis virus by culex pipiens complex mosquitoes.experiments were conducted to determine whether transovarial transmission (tot) of st. louis encephalitis (sle) virus occurs in culex pipiens complex mosquitoes, the principal vectors of sle virus in the central-eastern united states. in 1978, field-collected mosquitoes from memphis, tennessee, and mcleansboro, illinois, were used; during 1979, colonized mosquitoes from chicago, illinois, and memphis, tennessee, were used. mosquitoes were infected by feeding on viremic chicks inoculated with an ...19816266266
viral interference and persistence in sindbis virus infected aedes albopictus cells. 19816266625
the effects of adenosine and guanosine on the replication of sindbis and vesicular stomatitis viruses in aedes albopictus cells. 19816270900
translation of vesicular stomatitis and sindbis virus mrnas in cell-free extracts of aedes albopictus cells.we have developed a cell-free system from aedes albopictus (mosquito) cells which is able to carry out endogenous protein synthesis and is stable to freezing and thawing. successful preparation of extracts was found to depend on the presence of purified placental rnase inhibitor during cell breakage. micrococcal nuclease-treated extracts translated exogenously added sindbis 26s or vesicular stomatitis virus mrna with a high degree of fidelity, demonstrating that initiation of protein synthesis h ...19816273418
[study on virus yields in igarashi clone of singh's aedes albopictus cells persistently infected with japanese encephalitis virus (2-8 strain)]. 19816276035
analysis of viral and defective-interfering nucleocapsids in acute and persistent infection by rhabdoviruses.we have isolated and characterized the rna of intracellular virus nucleocapsids recovered from a number of cell cultures persistently infected with rabies virus or vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv). vsv persistent infections in bhk21, l cells and aedes albopictus (mosquito) cells generally showed the presence of large amounts of defective-interfering (di) nucleocapsid rna and much smaller amounts of standard (b) nucleocapsid rna. persistent infections of bhk21 cells by two rabies virus strains, c ...19826284869
conditions necessary for inhibition of protein synthesis and production of cytopathic effect in aedes albopictus cells infected with vesicular stomatitis virus.the relationship between the development of cytopathic effect (cpe) and the inhibition of host macromolecular synthesis was examined in a cpe-susceptible cloned line of aedes albopictus cells after infection with vesicular stomatitis virus. to induce rapid and maximal cpe, two conditions were required: (i) presence of serum in the medium and (ii) incubation at 34 degrees c rather than at 28 degrees c. in the absence of serum, incubation of infected cultures at 34 degrees c resulted in a signific ...19826287221
protein synthesis in lysates of aedes albopictus cells infected with vesicular stomatitis virus.aedes albopictus cells (clone lt-c7) showed a marked cytopathic effect and inhibition of protein synthesis (both host and viral) after infection with vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), but only if (i) cultures were incubated at 34 degrees c rather than 28 degrees c and (ii) serum was present in the medium (s. gillies and v. stollar, mol. cell. biol. 2:66-75, 1982). to learn more about how protein synthesis is shut off in vsv-infected a. albopictus cells, we have compared cell-free protein synthes ...19826294498
comparative studies on the growth of australian bluetongue virus serotypes in continuous cell lines and embryonated chicken eggs.the replication of cell culture passaged australian bluetongue virus (btv) isolates, serotypes 20 (csiro19) and 1 (csiro156), and an untyped btv (csiro154) was assessed in eight continuous cell lines (one derived from baby hamster kidney cells, bhk-21; three derived from monkey kidney cells, vero, llc-mk2 and cv-1p; a foetal ovine lung and a mouse fibroblast cell line, csl503 and l929, respectively, a super-vero-porcine stable cell line, svp; and a mosquito cell line, aedes albopictus cells) and ...19826298990
requirement of cell nucleus for sindbis virus replication in cultured aedes albopictus cells.the ability of sindbis virus to grow in enucleated bhk-21 (vertebrate) and aedes albopictus (invertebrate) cells was tested to determine the dependence of this virus upon nuclear function in these two phylogenetically unrelated hosts. although both cell types could be demonstrated to produce viable cytoplasts (enucleated cells) which produced virus-specific antigen subsequent to infection. bhk cytoplasts produced a significant number of progeny virions, whereas mosquito cytoplasts did not. the p ...19836300436
phenotypic changes in the flavivirus kunjin after a single cycle of growth in an aedes albopictus cell line.the properties of kunjin virus produced during acute infections of aedes albopictus (aal) mosquito cells were compared with those of the virus progeny from the c6/36 clone of mosquito cells and from vero cells. titres of 10(8) p.f.u./ml or greater were obtained from all cells, but significant haemagglutinin activity was associated only with progeny from vero and c6/36 cells. kunjin virus from aal cells adsorbed to goose erythrocytes and blocked haemagglutination by virus from vero or c6/36 cells ...19836308133
antiviral activity released from aedes albopictus cells persistently infected with semliki forest virus.aedes albopictus (mosquito) cells persistently infected with semliki forest virus released an agent which inhibited virus production by a. albopictus cells infected with homologous virus. inhibition of virus production was accompanied by a marked reduction in the synthesis of viral rna and viral proteins. expression of the antiviral effect was prevented by pretreatment of cells with actinomycin. no analogous antiviral activity was detected in culture fluids of a. albopictus cells persistently in ...19836312089
antibody response to dengue-2 vaccine measured by two different radioimmunoassay methods.two different radioimmunoassays were used to detect virus-specific antibodies in sera from human volunteers inoculated with an attenuated dengue type 2 (den-2) vaccine (pr-159/s-1). an indirect radioimmunoassay required purified den-2 virions for optimal reactivity but was 10 to 500 times more sensitive than neutralization or hemagglutination inhibition tests. an antibody capture radioimmunoassay was able to utilize crude antigens from either den-infected mouse brains or aedes albopictus cell cu ...19846330164
rapid identification of dengue virus isolates by using monoclonal antibodies in an indirect immunofluorescence assay.type-specific monoclonal antibodies prepared against the four dengue (den) virus serotypes were evaluated for their ability to identify low-passage human and mosquito isolates from jamaica and west africa by an indirect immunofluorescence assay. serotyped human isolates from jamaican dengue fever patients included 12 den-1, two den-2, and five den-4 viruses. viruses from west africa included 84 den-2 mosquito strains as well as two den-1 and one den-2 from humans. results obtained using the immu ...19836401944
multiple alleles and low variability of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) from peninsular malaysia.1. a total of 8 samples from three natural populations and a laboratory strain of aedes albopictus were analysed for glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase phenotypes by means of horizontal starch-gel electrophoresis. 2. the electrophoretic phenotypes were governed by three codominant gpd alleles. 3. there was low variability, with the heterozygosity in the variable samples ranging from 0.02 to 0.12. 4. the commonest allele in all the population samples was gpdb which encoded an electrophoretic band ...19836406135
the mapputta group of arboviruses: ultrastructural and molecular studies which place the group in the bunyavirus genus of the family bunyaviridae.we have characterized members of the mapputta group of 'bunyavirus-like' viruses in terms of morphology, structure, ultrastructural development and virus-directed rna and protein synthesis. our primary study has been with maprik virus (mpk) as a representative of the group. the mpk virion is uniformly spherical (congruent to 90 nm diameter) and possesses a membrane envelope. virus maturation is by budding into small vesicles in the perinuclear region. during infection of bhk cells which is cytop ...19836411055
selection of attenuated dengue 4 viruses by serial passage in primary kidney cells. i. attributes of uncloned virus at different passage levels.attempts were made to attenuate prototype dengue (den) 4 (h-241) virus. the original viremic human serum was passed once in a susceptible monkey and twice in aedes albopictus mosquitoes and then serially passed in primary dog kidney (pdk) and african green monkey kidney (gmk) cells. weekly transfers of undiluted virus were carried to the 50th passage in both primary cell cultures. biological markers were studied at passages 7, 15, 30 and 50. parental den-4 phenotype characteristics included larg ...19846476212
a cluster of four transfer rna genes in mosquito mitochondrial dna.we have sequenced a 342 base-pair segment of mosquito (aëdes albopictus) mitochondrial dna. this segment contains genes corresponding to two of the more unusual of the mosquito mitochondrial trnas that we sequenced earlier, trnaargucg and trnasergcu, as well as genes for trnaalaugc and trnaasnguu and a portion of a gene that is homologous to mammalian mitochondrial unidentified reading frame 3. there are differences in gene order and directions of transcription between the mosquito mitochondrial ...19846477610
linkage studies on alpha-glycerophosphate and isocitrate dehydrogenases in aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae).linkage studies were carried out on alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (alpha-gpdh) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (idh) in the mosquito aedes (stegomyia) albopictus. only one locus coding for alpha-gpdh was revealed on agar gels by applying adult homogenates. two loci for idh were observed using either fourth-instar larvae, pupae, or adults. this study was restricted to the more anodal idh-2 of the two loci, and alpha-gpdh. both alpha-gpdh and idh-2 encode dimeric enzymes. thirteen backcrosses ...19846497828
[the natural life cycle and seasonal dynamics of aedes albopictus in boai county, henan province]. 19846509538
evidence that ribavirin is transported in aedes albopictus cells by the nucleoside transport system.aedes albopictus cells (cae-3-6) deficient in the transport of nucleosides showed a markedly impaired ability to transport the antiviral compound, ribavirin. furthermore, in order to inhibit either cell growth or viral replication, the transport negative cae-3-6 cells required significantly higher concentrations of ribavirin than were needed for a similar degree of inhibition in the parental c7 cells. although ribavirin did lower the level of gtp in cae-3-6 cells the effect was slower and less s ...19846532319
[laboratory study of the transmission of dengue virus by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus]. 19846543740
defective viral rnas in aedes albopictus c6/36 cells persistently infected with semliki forest virus.a persistent infection of semliki forest virus (sfv) has been established in aedes albopictus c6/36 cells. only a small number of cells survived the initial infection with this rna virus and gave rise to a persistently infected culture which produced continuously small amounts of infectious virus. to investigate whether defective viral rna was analyzed early and late after infection by blot hybridizations. several defective viral rnas were detected with a common sequence corresponding to the 3' ...19836623928
transovarial transmission of dengue viruses by mosquitoes: aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti.transovarial transmission of all four dengue serotypes was demonstrated in aedes albopictus mosquitoes. the rates of such transmission varied with the serotype and strain of virus. in general, the highest rates were observed with strains of dengue type 1 and the lowest with dengue type 3. surprisingly, despite the use of viral strains of the four dengue serotypes which gave the highest rates with ae. albopictus, transovarial transmission was observed in aedes aegypti only with dengue type 1, and ...19836625066
sterol-free eukaryotic cells from continuous cell lines of insects.three cell lines from mamestra brassicae (lepidoptera), one from aedes albopictus (diptera) and one from sarcophaga peregrina (diptera) were continuously cultured in a sterol-free medium and analyzed for sterol content. no sterols were found in any of the cell lines, whereas from cells cultured in a serum-containing medium, cholesterol was detected. this is the first instance of sterol-free animal cells.19836667502
properties of defective interfering particles of sindbis virus generated in vertebrate and mosquito cells.defective interfering (di) particles of sindbis virus were generated during serial, undiluted passage of a cloned virus stock in both chick embryo fibroblast (cef) cells and aedes albopictus mosquito cells. di particle-containing stocks were identified by their ability to interfere with standard virus replication and to synthesize small di rna species in the cell type in which they were generated. di rna species generated during serial passage in cef cells were able to replicate in both vertebra ...19846693857
regulation of asparagine-linked oligosaccharide processing. oligosaccharide processing in aedes albopictus mosquito cells.we have examined the synthesis and processing of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides from aedes albopictus c6/36 mosquito cells. these cells synthesized a glucose-containing lipid-linked oligosaccharide with properties identical to that of glc3man9glcnac2-pp-dolichol. results of brief pulse label experiments with [3h]mannose were consistent with the transfer of glc3man9glcnac2 to protein followed by the rapid removal of glucose residues. pulse-chase experiments established that further processing ...19846698972
electron microscopic observation of a newly isolated flavivirus-like virus from field-caught mosquitoes.of many unidentified virus strains which were isolated from field-caught mosquitoes by using c6/36 cells (a virus-sensitive clone of aedes albopictus cells), three strains which formed small size plaques (sp virus) in c6/36 cells were investigated by electron microscopy. although the sp virus strains did not react with antisera against known arboviruses in serological tests, they closely resembled flaviviruses in morphology. however, when they were compared to japanese encephalitis (je) virus, s ...19846707614
host-dependent mutants of sindbis virus whose growth is restricted in cultured aedes albopictus cells produce normal yields of virus in intact mosquitoes.two host-dependent (hd), temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of sindbis virus (sv), clones 35 and 58, which are restricted in their ability to grow at 34 degrees in cultured aedes albopictus cells [k.j. kowal and v. stollar (1981). virology 114, 140-148] were not restricted in their ability to grow at 28-34 degrees after intrathoracic inoculation of ae. albopictus, ae. dorsalis, ae. epactius, anopheles freeborni, and culex tarsalis mosquitoes. compared to standard sv (svstd), the growth of sv clo ...19846710871
properties of sindbis virus variants from infected culex tarsalis mosquitoes.plaque-purified sindbis virus was passed three times in culex tarsalis mosquitoes and progeny viruses were isolated by plaque purification on a cloned line of aedes albopictus cells. nine of ten clones examined differed from wild-type (wt) virus with respect to their plaque morphology characteristics in chick embryo fibroblast (cef) and/or a. albopictus cells. seven clones were temperature-sensitive and failed to replicate or synthesize viral rna in cef cells at 41 degrees c. at 35 degrees c in ...19846726183
a mutant of sindbis virus with a host-dependent defect in maturation associated with hyperglycosylation of e2.following serial passage of sindbis virus (sv) on aedes albopictus mosquito cells a mutant (svap15/21) was isolated which in chick cells produced small plaques and was temperature sensitive (ts). at 34.5 degrees this mutant replicated normally in mosquito cells, but only poorly in chick or bhk cells. in the vertebrate cells svap15/21 was rna+ at both 34.5 and 40 degrees and on the basis of complementation tests carried out at 40 degrees, was assigned to complementation group e. the block in the ...19846740942
characterization of the viral rna species of prototype dengue viruses.dengue virus isolates have been grown in the igarashi clone c6/36 aedes albopictus cells in amounts suitable for biochemical studies. oligonucleotide fingerprint analyses have been used to characterize the virion 40 s rna species of the four prototype dengue (den) serotype viruses: den 1, hawaiian strain; den 2, new guinea c strain (both insect and mouse brain passaged derivatives); den 3, h-87 strain; and den 4, h-241 strain. comparisons of the largest oligonucleotides derived by ribonuclease t ...19806773429
[dynamic observations on the dengue virus antigen carrying rate of aedes albopictus in foshan district of guangdong province]. 19826820321
mechanism of action of bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis insecticidal delta-endotoxin.bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis delta-endotoxin protein active against mosquitoes was inactivated by prior incubation with lipids extracted from aedes albopictus cells. experiments with lipid dispersions and multilamellar liposomes showed that the toxin binds to phosphatidyl choline, sphingomyelin and phosphatidyl ethanolamine provided these lipids contain unsaturated fatty acids. phosphatidyl serine binds toxin less efficiently and phosphatidyl inositol, cardiolipin, cerebroside and chol ...19836832375
isoprene synthesis in isolated embryonic drosophila cells. i. sterol-deficient eukaryotic cells.since insects are cholesterol auxotrophs, we analyzed the apparent paradox presented by an established cell line (kc cells) from drosophila embryos which grew in media which contained less than 0.05 micrograms/ml of sterols. fresh drosophila embryos contained 3.7 micrograms of 3 beta-hydroxysterols/mg of protein; however, kc cells had maximally 0.50 micrograms of 3 beta-hydroxysterols/mg of protein. kc cells, grown in media which contained cholesterol, showed the presence of sterol in their plas ...19836863298
bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis crystal delta-endotoxin: effects on insect and mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo.bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis parasporal crystal delta-endotoxin was purified by ultracentrifugation on a discontinuous sucrose gradient. native delta-endotoxin crystals showed no detectable toxicity in the vitro and in vivo systems that are described. by contrast alkali-solubilized crystal delta-endotoxin caused rapid cytological and cytopathological changes in aedes albopictus, choristoneura fumiferana 63 cf1, spodoptera frugiperda and trichoplusia ni cell lines as observed by phase-c ...19836874728
[biology of the egg phase in the development of aedes albopictus skuse. mosquitoes]. 20096891433
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