Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| myocardial dysfunction in patients infected with hiv: prevalence and risk factors. | to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for myocardial dysfunction in hiv infection. | 1992 | 1334683 |
| [outcome of gestation of 32 pregnant women with toxoplasma and cytomegalovirus infection]. | in an attempt to investigate the harmful effects of the infection of toxoplasma and associated with cytomegalovirus on the fetus infection acquired transplacentally during their mothers' pregnancy sera from 1000 pregnant women were tested for antibodies to both pathogens and the circulating antigen of toxoplasma by using elisa. the test was positive (titre > or = 1:60400) in 32 of 1000 cases. judging from the sero-positive results together with the case history, clinical manifestations and b-sca ... | 1992 | 1339146 |
| [itraconazole action on toxoplasma gondii]. | with the purpose to increase our knowledge about the spectrum of therapeutic action of itraconazole, the activity of a new triazolic derivative against toxoplasma gondii was studied in vivo and in vitro with the aid of an experimental infection model in mice. the trial also aimed at a possible improvement of the therapy of toxoplasmosis in regard to safety and dosing easiness. the present study has not shown significant activity of itraconazole against toxoplasma gondii, differing from a previou ... | 1992 | 1339150 |
| [occurrence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in blood donors 1980-1990]. | in 1980-1990 in the strakonice district parallel serological examinations, using the sabin-feldman test (sft) and complement fixation test (cft), were made in 2,758 blood donors for the presence of antibodies against toxoplasmosis. the total number of examinations was 8,245. in the course of the mentioned time interval no significant increase or decrease of the serological prevalence occurred. during the first examination of blood donors the sfr antibodies (titre > or = 4) were detected in 45.4% ... | 1992 | 1339606 |
| review: toxoplasma gondii cellular invasion. | toxoplasma gondii, the etiologic agent of toxoplasmosis, is a ubiquitous protozoan parasite that requires an intracellular site for growth and replication. the invasive process involves six steps: a) cellular recognition, b) parasite movements by means of a subpellicular microtubule cytoskeleton, c) cell to cell adhesion, d) rhoptry secretion of penetrating enhancing factor (pef) with ca++ and ca++ activated atpase dependence, e) conoid penetration, f) induction of a parasitophorous vacuole, a p ... | 1992 | 1339976 |
| [opportunistic toxoplasmosis in a case of heart transplantation]. | infection with toxoplasma gondii is a serious complication in the immunocompromised heart transplant recipient. we reported a case of toxoplasmosis in a seronegative heart transplant recipient detected on endomyocardial biopsy. this patient was treated with oral pyrimethamine and sulphadiazine. because primary toxoplasmosis occurred in seronegative patients receiving hearts from sero-positive donors, it is necessary to screen both recipients and donors for t. gondii. prophylaxis with pyrimethami ... | 1992 | 1340090 |
| [toxoplasma gondii in the gastric mucosa as the first finding in an aids patient]. | 1992 | 1340544 | |
| toxoplasma colitis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), toxoplasmosis almost exclusively involves the central nervous system (cns), and extra-cns organ infection is rare. we report a case of toxoplasma gondii colitis in a patient with aids characterized by the following: 1) onset of diarrhea was simultaneous with disseminated toxoplasmosis; 2) t. gondii was found in colonic biopsies, whereas other infectious causes of diarrhea had been ruled out; 3) diarrhea was cured by anti-toxoplasma ther ... | 1992 | 1341414 |
| pathogeny and immunological control of toxoplasmosis. | 1. toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous, obligate intracellular parasite of worldwide distribution. in humans, the parasite exists in two forms: the tachyzoite is the rapidly multiplying stage of the parasite which actively invades host cells and represents the principal pathogenic form at the acute phase of the disease; the bradyzoite is the form which multiplies slowly in host cells, resulting in the formation of cysts which persist in tissues. several antigenic components have been identified, s ... | 1992 | 1341911 |
| interrelationship between schistosomiasis and concomitant diseases. | the biological literature contains many examples of mutual influences between different species of parasites, especially with respect to concomitant helminth infections. several situations are known in which the association of infection by schistosoma mansoni with other pathogens in the same host results in a type of disease which differs from the simple summation of the individual effects of each infection. the present study concerns concomitant infections involving s. mansoni and enterobacteri ... | 1992 | 1343911 |
| [presence of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii in adolescents from the african continent]. | it was determined the presence of antibodies anti-t. gondii in young, 13-16 year old, belonging to republic arab saharaui; popular republic of angola; ethiopia and republic of ghana. from a total of 707 sera analyzed, the 71.43% of them showed the presence of specific antibodies. the prevalence of antibodies did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) between males and females in angola and republic arab saharaui. it was found a significant difference (p < 0.0001) among countries. | 1992 | 1345304 |
| immunological changes in cats with concurrent toxoplasma gondii and feline immunodeficiency virus infections. | to examine the immunological changes in cats concurrently infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and toxoplasma gondii, kittens (four per group) were inoculated with fiv, t. gondii, both agents, or no pathogens. blood mononuclear cells and plasma were collected weekly for lymphocyte assays and serology. at week 14, spleen and lymph node cells were used for lymphocyte assays; brains and mesenteric lymph nodes were used for isolation of t. gondii. more t. gondii organisms were present i ... | 1992 | 1346403 |
| [encephalitis. recent clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects]. | the subjects of this paper are mainly the encephalitis of viral origin and in addition 3 types of non-viral encephalitis of practical importance. a review is given on the current diagnostic possibilities including; clinical criteria; examination of the cerebrospinal fluid; neuroradiology and; etiological investigation by means of direct identification of the microbes in the cerebrospinal fluid or by measuring intrathecally produced antibodies. after some general statements concerning treatment t ... | 1992 | 1348844 |
| low-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis for toxoplasmic encephalitis in patients with aids. | to determine the efficacy of low-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (trimethoprim, 160 mg plus sulfamethoxazole, 800 mg; one tablet twice daily, 2 days per week) as primary prophylaxis against toxoplasmic encephalitis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and previous pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1992 | 1351371 |
| simultaneous depletion of cd4+ and cd8+ t lymphocytes is required to reactivate chronic infection with toxoplasma gondii. | c57bl/6 mice chronically infected with an avirulent strain (me-49) of toxoplasma gondii were used to study the mechanisms by which t lymphocytes and ifn-gamma prevent reactivation of latent infection. infected animals were treated with mab, either anti-cd8, anti-cd4, anti-cd4 plus anti-cd8, anti-ifn-gamma, or anti-cd4 plus anti-ifn-gamma and the mice followed for survival, histopathology, cyst numbers, and spleen cell cytokine responses. in agreement with previously published findings, treatment ... | 1992 | 1351500 |
| toxoplasma encephalitis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | among 504 cases of aids diagnosed between 1983 and 1990, there were 86 patients (17%) with toxoplasma encephalitis (te). all were symptomatic at the time of diagnosis. general signs such as fever, neck stiffness, or headache were present in 87.2%, and 75.6% had focal signs. the primary means of diagnosis was computerized tomographic scanning, revealing 169 lesions of which 80% were immediately contrast-enhancing. all patients had igg antibodies against toxoplasma gondii either before (74 of 75 e ... | 1992 | 1355579 |
| virulent strains of toxoplasma gondii comprise a single clonal lineage. | the protozoan toxoplasma gondii is a prevalent parasite in wild and domestic animals worldwide, being transmitted through the food chain by carnivorous feeding and scavenging. toxoplasma normally divides asexually to yield a haploid form that can infect virtually any vertebrate but it also has a well defined sexual cycle that occurs exclusively in cats. toxoplasma has become important as an often fatal opportunistic pathogen in patients with aids, although the 15-85% of adult human populations t ... | 1992 | 1355855 |
| depletion of cd4+ t cells but not inhibition of the protective activity of ifn-gamma prevents cure of toxoplasmosis mediated by drug therapy in mice. | toxoplasmosis is a frequent opportunistic infection in patients with aids. in these patients the major immune deficiencies are a severe depletion of cd4+ t lymphocytes and an impaired capacity to produce ifn-gamma. a mouse model was developed and used to study the effects that depletion of cd4+ t cells and/or inhibition of the protective activity of ifn-gamma have on the effectiveness of the drug therapy for toxoplasmosis. infection of mice with a lethal inoculum of toxoplasma gondii cysts follo ... | 1992 | 1357033 |
| generation of a restriction fragment length polymorphism linkage map for toxoplasma gondii. | we have constructed a genetic linkage map for the parasitic protozoan, toxoplasma gondii, using randomly selected low copy number dna markers that define restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps). the inheritance patterns of 64 rflp markers and two phenotypic markers were analyzed among 19 recombinant haploid progeny selected from two parallel genetic crosses between plk and cep strains. in these first successful interstrain crosses, these rflp markers segregated into 11 distinct genetic ... | 1992 | 1360931 |
| molecular cloning of gra4, a toxoplasma gondii dense granule protein, recognized by mucosal iga antibodies. | clones which were selected from a toxoplasma gondii expression library with the immune serum from a t. gondii-infected rabbit, were further screened using milk and intestinal secretions from mice which had been orally infected with t. gondii cysts. the gene products of several clones reacted strongly with milk iga and weakly with intestinal iga. three of these clones (5.1, 36.1, 37.4) were shown to encode a dense granule protein of 40 kda (gra4). the gra4 protein co-migrates with one of the t. g ... | 1992 | 1362450 |
| effect of primary phase feline immunodeficiency virus infection on cats with chronic toxoplasmosis. | the effect of primary phase feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection on clinical signs, hematological values, toxoplasma gondii oocyst shedding, t. gondii-specific serology, t. gondii-specific cell-mediated immune responses, non-specific cell-mediated immune responses, and lymphocyte subpopulations from cats with experimentally induced chronic toxoplasmosis was studied. no significant clinical or hematologic abnormalities were noted following inoculation with fiv. t. gondii-specific igm was ... | 1992 | 1363007 |
| identification of toxoplasma gondii bradyzoite-specific monoclonal antibodies. | 1992 | 1376757 | |
| cell-free synthesis of glycolipid candidate precursor(s) for glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol anchors of toxoplasma gondii surface proteins. | 1992 | 1383050 | |
| amino acid sequence requirements for the epitope recognized by a monoclonal antibody reacting with the secreted antigen gp28.5 of toxoplasma gondii. | we have characterized in detail, the epitope of the secreted antigen gp28.5 recognized by the mouse monoclonal antibody tg 17-179 using synthetic peptides and a truncated recombinant fusion protein. the screening of a t. gondii expression library with tg17-179 mab led to the isolation of cdnas clones, all encoding for the c-terminal region of gp28.5 and with one encoding for only the five last c-terminal residues. competitive elisa with longer peptides revealed that the immunoreactivity was reta ... | 1992 | 1383696 |
| cellular and humoral recognition of toxoplasma gondii p30 antigen and its cleavage fragments. | 1992 | 1384417 | |
| epitope-selected monospecific antibodies to recombinant antigens from toxoplasma gondii reacted with dense granules of tachyzoites. | epitope-selected monospecific antibodies were applied to investigate the localization of antigenic molecules in toxoplasma gondii by immunoelectron microscopy. eighty cdna clones encoding antigenic polypeptides were immunoscreened from lambda gt11 expression library with t. gondii infected mouse sera. twenty different clones with no crossreactivity were selected from eighty clones. monospecific antibodies to antigens derived from respective cdna clones extracted from infected mouse sera by the e ... | 1992 | 1385515 |
| isoenzyme analysis of hammondia hammondi and toxoplasma gondii sporozoites. | isoenzyme analysis using isoelectrofocusing in polyacrylamide gels was used to distinguish hammondia hammondi and toxoplasma gondii sporozoites. five enzyme systems were studied: aconitase (ec 4.2.1.3), aspartate aminotransferase (ec 2.6.1.1), glucose phosphate isomerase (ec 5.3.1.9), lactate dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.27), and phosphoglucomutase (ec 2.7.5.1). three stocks of t. gondii belonging to 3 zymodemes were compared to 1 stock of h. hammondi. hammondia hammondi differed from t. gondii at al ... | 1992 | 1386109 |
| homeostasis as regulated by activated macrophage. vi. protective effect of lpsw (a lipopolysaccharide from wheat flour) against acute infection by toxoplasma gondii in mice. | an oral administration of partially purified lpsw, a lipopolysaccharide (lps) from wheat flour, at a concentration of 20 ng/ml in drinking water beginning 1d after infection significantly decreased mouse mortality and prevented animal weight loss in acute infection with toxoplasma gondii. whereas 71% (5/7) of mice in a control group that did not receive lpsw died of toxoplasmosis, only 14% (1/7) of mice treated with lpsw died (p less than 0.05). the administration of lps purified from bordetella ... | 1992 | 1394645 |
| [abortions caused by protozoa in agricultural animals]. | a review is given on abortions in livestock caused by toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum and sarcocystis spp. special emphasis is put on diagnostic procedures. t. gondii is considered to be a major cause of abortions in sheep and goats. diagnosis is based on the characteristic lesions in the cotyledons, histologic and immunohistochemical examination, and on the detection of specific antibodies in body fluids or serum of aborted fetuses. whether abortions in swine due to t. gondii are of practic ... | 1992 | 1396163 |
| protozoan infections and hiv-1 infection: a review. | reactivation of latent infection is the principal mechanism relating toxoplasma gondii and pneumocystis carinii to hiv. less common is reactivation in leishmania donovani, trypanosoma cruzi, and microsporidian infections. an impaired primary immune response occurs in all these infections, and also with cryptosporidium and isospora belli. association of hiv infection with gut parasites including giardia lamblia and entamoeba histolytica, and also with trichomonas vaginalis infection is likely to ... | 1992 | 1396192 |
| cotrimoxazole therapy of toxoplasma gondii encephalitis in aids patients. | twenty-four consecutive hiv-positive patients affected by toxoplasma gondii encephalitis received trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (cotrimoxazole) as acute-phase treatment. two dosage regimens of cotrimoxazole were used: 40 mg/kg/day (12 patients) or 120 mg/kg/day (12 patients) of total compound (trimethoprim plus sulfamethoxazole). clinical and radiological responses to treatment were evaluated, and the product-limit method for survival data analysis was used. eighteen of 24 patients showed both a ... | 1992 | 1396726 |
| neuropathology of the spinal cord in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | the neuropathologic findings in the spinal cord were reviewed in 138 consecutive autopsies of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. in all cases both the brain and spinal cord were examined by conventional histologic techniques, and in 63 cases immunohistochemistry was used to detect human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), toxoplasma gondii, cytomegalovirus, and jc papovavirus antigens. the most common observation was a normal spinal cord (60%). vacuolar myelopathy (vm) was observed ... | 1992 | 1398640 |
| lymphocytes bearing the gamma delta t-cell receptor in acute toxoplasmosis. | although the relative and absolute numbers of cd3+ cells (t lymphocytes) were similar in eight children with acquired toxoplasma gondii infection and 10 uninfected age- and sex-matched healthy controls, the proportion of cells bearing the gamma delta t-cell receptor was significantly higher in the subjects with acute toxoplasmosis. the great majority of gamma delta t cells from the infected patients expressed covalently bound gamma delta chains on their surface, i.e. were bb3+ lymphocytes. since ... | 1992 | 1398756 |
| laminin on toxoplasma gondii mediates parasite binding to the beta 1 integrin receptor alpha 6 beta 1 on human foreskin fibroblasts and chinese hamster ovary cells. | we investigated the role of parasite-bound laminin and the host cell beta 1 integrin receptors for this extracellular matrix protein in toxoplasma gondii binding to fibroblasts. laminin but not fibronectin was detected on extracellular tachyzoites by immunofluorescence and immunoblotting. binding of parasites to cho cells was inhibited by polyclonal antibodies to laminin and by a monoclonal antibody directed against the globular carboxyl-terminal portion of the long arm of laminin (at or near th ... | 1992 | 1399003 |
| isoenzyme analysis of 35 toxoplasma gondii isolates and the biological and epidemiological implications. | isoenzyme analysis was conducted on the tachyzoite stage of 35 toxoplasma gondii isolates. fifteen enzyme systems were studied after isoelectrofocusing of tachyzoite extracts in polyacrylamide or agarose gels. six enzyme systems showed variable electrophoretic patterns: aspartate aminotransferase (ec 2.6.1.1), glutathione reductase (ec 1.6.4.2), glucose phosphate isomerase (ec 5.3.1.9), amylase (ec 3.2.1.1), acid phosphatase (ec 3.1.3.2), and propionyl esterase. their combination allows the desc ... | 1992 | 1403418 |
| localization of a toxoplasma gondii rhoptry protein by immunoelectron microscopy during and after host cell penetration. | we immunolocalized a toxoplasma gondii rhoptry protein (rop1) before and after parasite host cell invasion of human fibroblasts and tg180 murine sarcoma cells by electron microscopy and immunogold labeling using either a monoclonal antibody (tg49) or a monospecific rabbit antiserum (alpha 249). at all stages of parasite growth rop1 was found within the body but rarely within the peduncle of rhoptries, even in those that appeared empty. immediately after host cell invasion rop1 was associated wit ... | 1992 | 1403988 |
| detection of high titres of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in sera of patients with leprosy in pakistan. | untreated and treated leprosy patients and their household contacts were screened for antibody to toxoplasma gondii using antigen-coated latex particles. a significantly high level of seroprevalence (29.6%) was observed in the untreated leprosy patients compared to endemic controls (p < 0.01) with a mean reciprocal antibody titre of 20,007 +/- 3580 (n = 98) in seropositive patients. in treated patients seroprevalence dropped to 13.5%. seroprevalence in a group of household contacts of leprosy pa ... | 1992 | 1412648 |
| low seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in a tanzanian village. | the prevalence of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii was studied in the population of nyamisati village in tanzania using the direct agglutination test, indirect immunofluorescence test, and immunosorbent agglutination test. all positive sera were positive by both direct agglutination and indirect immunofluorescence tests and were confirmed by the dye test. the seropositivity was confirmed by immunoblotting showing a distinct 32 kda band in all the seropositive samples. the seropositivity rate ... | 1992 | 1412649 |
| [parasitic diseases in patients with impaired immune response. clinical picture and diagnosis]. | patients with impaired immune system are frequently infected with various parasitic diseases. the clinical picture is characterized by unusual manifestations and frequently severe recurrences of infections which are not normally serious. some almost parasitic microorganisms produce symptoms exclusively in patients with impaired immune system. parasitic infections have become increasingly common with the increasing number of patients who live for prolonged periods with impaired immune systems, of ... | 1992 | 1413170 |
| transplacental infection of a foal with toxoplasma gondii. | 1992 | 1413436 | |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in pastoral camels (camelus dromedarius) in the butana plains, mid-eastern sudan. | a total of 482 serum samples from pastoral camels in the butana plains, mid-eastern sudan, were tested for toxoplasma antibodies by the latex agglutination test (lat). sixty-seven percent of the camels were seroreactive. the prevalence rate of seroreactivity increased significantly with age (p less than 0.01) and was highest among camels aged over 7 years (74.2%). the prevalence rate of seropositivity decreased proportionally with the level of serum dilution. at dilutions of 1:32 and above, the ... | 1992 | 1413449 |
| development of elisas based on recombinant antigens for the detection of toxoplasma gondii-specific antibodies in sheep and cats. | elisas using recombinant parasite polypeptides as antigens were developed to measure toxoplasma gondii-specific antibodies in the sera of sheep and cats. compared with an elisa based on traditional parasite antigen, the elisa for sheep sera had a sensitivity of 79% and a negative predictive value of 80%, and the elisa for cat sera had a sensitivity of 100% and a negative predictive value of 100%. both elisas had specificities of 100% and positive predictive values of 100%. these elisas appear to ... | 1992 | 1413451 |
| local and systemic cellular immunity following oral infection of mice with toxoplasma gondii cysts. | 1992 | 1416739 | |
| [human endothelial cells activated by interferon gamma, by interleukin-1 and tnf inhibit the replication of toxoplasma gondii]. | 1992 | 1416746 | |
| efficacy of pyrimethamine for the prevention of donor-acquired toxoplasma gondii infection in heart and heart-lung transplant patients. | seven (11%) of the first 65 patients who received heart transplants at papworth hospital were mismatched for toxoplasma gondii. of these, four (57%) experienced t. gondii infection and two died. the remaining two had severe symptoms and received anti-t-gondii chemotherapy for a year after transplantation. in an attempt to reduce the impact of donor-acquired t. gondii in our heart transplant recipients, we decided in april 1984 to give prophylactic pyrimethamine to all t. gondii-mismatched patien ... | 1992 | 1418309 |
| infectivity of toxoplasma gondii in mutton following curing, smoking, freezing or microwave cooking. | to investigate the effects of curing with sodium chloride and sucrose, low temperature smoking, freezing at -20 degrees c, and cooking in a microwave oven, respectively, on the infectivity of toxoplasma gondii encysted in mutton, meat from three experimentally and one naturally infected sheep was used. samples of meat prepared accordingly as well as untreated, raw meat from each animal were assayed by mouse inoculation. infective t. gondii was isolated from untreated samples from all animals use ... | 1992 | 1419541 |
| development of a model ribosomal rna hybridization assay for the detection of sarcocystis and other coccidia. | two regions of the primary structure of the small subunit rrna of sarcocystis muris bradyzoites were compared with nucleotide sequences of s. gigantea, toxoplasma gondii, plasmodium berghei and mus musculus and used to design genus- and species-specific probes for the detection and identification of coccidia. total cellular rna of purified s. muris, s. cruzi, t. gondii and eimeria nieschulzi and coccidia-infected tissues of mouse, ox, sheep and pig, were assayed using twenty-base oligomers label ... | 1992 | 1423056 |
| [a prospective study on the relationship between abnormal pregnant outcome and toxoplasma gondii infection]. | 2821 pregnant women were divided into three groups according to the phenomena of toxoplasma gondii infection, and the pregnancy outcomes were followed up. results show that the total incidence rates of spontaneous abortion, premature birth, still birth and congenital defects are 0.67%, 3.47%, 0.85% and 0.96% respectively. these four rates in the group serodiagnosed as recently or actively infected are significantly higher than that diagnosed as no evidence of infections and the relative risk est ... | 1992 | 1423539 |
| toxoplasma pneumonitis: fatal presentation of disseminated toxoplasmosis in a patient with aids. | toxoplasma gondii infection is an uncommon cause of pneumonitis in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). we report a case of fatal pulmonary toxoplasmosis, which clinically resembled pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). conventional diagnostic methods for toxoplasmosis lack sensitivity. bronchoscopy and histological evaluation of transbronchial biopsy specimens failed to identify the infecting organism. at autopsy there was evidence of disseminated infection. | 1992 | 1426192 |
| identification and characterisation of glycosyl-inositolphospholipids in toxoplasma gondii. | 1992 | 1426577 | |
| in vitro propagation of toxoplasma gondii in pc-1 serum-free medium. | 1992 | 1427495 | |
| usage of penicillinase as an enzyme marker in enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of igg antibodies to toxoplasma gondii. | an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay system has been developed using penicillinase as an enzyme marker for the detection of igg antibodies to toxoplasma gondii. this system is simple (end result assessed visually) reliable (the results are matching with other available commercial elisa based kit), sensitive (detection of antitoxoplasma igg antibodies to a level of 15 iu/ml) and reproducible (4.3 & 6.7% intra and inter coefficient of variation respectively). experimental results with human serum ... | 1992 | 1428989 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of toxoplasma gondii-specific antibodies and antigens in the aqueous humor of cats. | serum and aqueous humor samples, collected from 14 clinically normal cats and 96 cats with clinical evidence of intraocular inflammation, were assayed with elisa for toxoplasma gondii-specific immunoglobulin m (igm), t gondii-specific igg, t gondii-specific antigens, total igg, and total igm. additionally, serum was assayed with elisa for feline leukemia virus p27 antigen and antibodies against the feline immunodeficiency virus as well as with an immunofluorescent antibody assay for antibodies a ... | 1992 | 1429123 |
| modified latex agglutination test for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in eluates from guthrie cards. | to determine whether the eiken particle agglutination test could be modified to make it sufficiently sensitive to screen blood samples collected on guthrie cards for the presence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii; to evaluate the specificity of the modified system; and to compare seroepidemiological data on the prevalence of t gondii in pregnant women. | 1992 | 1430261 |
| use of the polymerase chain reaction to detect toxoplasma gondii in human blood samples. | to assess the value of detecting toxoplasma gondii in human blood samples using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). | 1992 | 1430262 |
| diagnosis of toxoplasma infection in cardiac transplant recipients using the polymerase chain reaction. | cardiac biopsy samples taken from transplant recipients around the time of primary toxoplasma infection were investigated by conventional histology and amplification of the p30 gene of toxoplasma gondii by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). toxoplasma was detected more frequently by pcr than histology which may reflect the enhanced sensitivity of the former technique. further studies are required to determine the optimal amount of tissue which should be examined by each technique and to develo ... | 1992 | 1430269 |
| protection of mice and nude rats against toxoplasmosis by a multiple antigenic peptide construction derived from toxoplasma gondii p30 antigen. | the first part of this work presents the sequence of the first 20 nh2 terminus residues obtained from p30, the major surface ag of toxoplasma gondii, purified by hplc. a synthetic peptide (p30 48-67) has been prepared both in linear form and as a multiple antigenic peptide (map) construct. immunization of mice and rats with the p30 48-67 map in the presence of ifa induces high levels of igg antibodies that recognize both the linear peptide and the map construct in elisa, and p30 in western blots ... | 1992 | 1431132 |
| estimation of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in patients with cardiomyopathy. | the possible involvement of toxoplasma gondii in the pathogenesis or as a complicating factor in patients with cardiomyopathy has been investigated by the serological detection of specific antibodies by ifat. fifty six serum samples were collected from patients who presented with dyspnoea on effort, pericardial pains, palpitations and oedema of lower limbs. they were investigated by echo, ecg and epidemiological history, and diagnosed as dilated, ischaemic and restrictive cardiomyopathies and my ... | 1992 | 1431276 |
| toxoplasma gondii in cerebrospinal fluid. | 1992 | 1433814 | |
| strategies for prevention of infection after cardiac transplantation. | infection remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality after cardiac transplantation. most infections occur during the first few months after transplantation. although late infection does occur, the risk of infection during maintenance immunosuppression is low in the absence of recurrent rejection that necessitates augmentation of suppression of the immune response. before cardiac transplantation, the risk factors for infectious disease in potential candidates should be assessed. a detailed ... | 1992 | 1434904 |
| detection of cytokine mrna in the brains of mice with toxoplasmic encephalitis. | c57bl/10 scsn mice infected with toxoplasma gondii developed a meningoencephalitis, characterized by areas of tissue destruction and cellular infiltration including foci of neutrophils. large numbers of cyst stages were found throughout the brain but were not always associated with inflammation. the use of immunocytochemistry to detect glial fibrillary acidic protein, an astrocyte specific marker, showed a widespread astrocyte activation. this was particularly prominent in areas of intense infla ... | 1992 | 1437233 |
| phosphorylation of toxoplasma gondii major surface antigens. | the phosphorylation of the major surface proteins of toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites was investigated. metabolic labeling of intracellular tachyzoites with [32p]-orthophosphate followed by immunoprecipitation with specific monoclonal antibodies showed that all five major surface proteins were labeled as expected for gpi-anchored proteins. more detailed analysis of the phosphorylated sites revealed that surface proteins p30 and p22 contained phosphoserine residues in addition to the phosphorylated ... | 1992 | 1438143 |
| endogenous tumor necrosis factor alpha is required for enhanced antimicrobial activity against toxoplasma gondii and listeria monocytogenes in recombinant gamma interferon-treated mice. | in vitro studies have shown that macrophages stimulated with recombinant gamma interferon (rifn-gamma) produce tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha), which in an autocrine fashion activates these cells. the aim of the present study was to determine whether endogenously formed tnf-alpha also is required for rifn-gamma-induced macrophage activation and enhanced antimicrobial activity in vivo. after an intraperitoneal injection of rifn-gamma into cba/j mice, their peritoneal macrophages released ... | 1992 | 1452344 |
| detection of toxoplasma gondii in cerebrospinal fluid from aids patients by polymerase chain reaction. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to detect toxoplasma gondii dna in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from 14 patients with aids by amplification of the repetitive b1 gene. positive pcrs were obtained in csf from four of nine patients with toxoplasmic encephalitis. csf samples from five control patients were negative for t. gondii dna by pcr. | 1992 | 1452673 |
| detection of toxoplasma gondii parasitemia by gene amplification, cell culture, and mouse inoculation. | diagnosis of toxoplasma gondii infection is difficult, especially in immunosuppressed people. the aids epidemic has increased the number of people at risk and increased the need for better diagnostic methods. we have compared three methods for detection of t. gondii parasitemia. rabbits were infected subcutaneously with 10(4) t. gondii tachyzoites. blood samples were obtained, and buffy coat or leukocyte fractions were prepared. we sought the t. gondii b1 gene by gene amplification by the polyme ... | 1992 | 1452701 |
| early diagnosis of toxoplasmic encephalitis in aids patients by dot blot hybridization analysis. | central nervous system toxoplasmosis is a life-threatening infection with a mortality rate of higher than 60%. an early and rapid diagnosis is important for effective treatment of the disease. a new approach for detection of cerebral toxoplasmosis is described here. dnas extracted from cells in cerebrospinal fluid samples (0.3 to 0.8 ml) of patients suspected of having cerebral toxoplasmosis were analyzed by a dot blot hybridization technique. a highly repetitive dna sequence of toxoplasma gondi ... | 1992 | 1452719 |
| an epidemic of toxoplasmosis in a captive colony of squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | an epidemic of acute, disseminated toxoplasmosis caused 30 per cent mortality and an apparent 100 per cent morbidity in a captive colony of squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). the source of the infection could not be elucidated. although most deaths were due to pulmonary oedema, one monkey probably died of heart and liver failure. these findings support the view that new world monkeys are unusually sensitive to toxoplasma gondii infection. the similarity of the disease in these monkeys with tha ... | 1992 | 1452814 |
| application of eccls guidelines to the analysis of toxoplasma igg and rubella igg using laboratory kits based on the meia method. | the meia method is an enzymo-immunoassay involving fluorometric detection, which is used in the abbott imx automatic analyzer. the purpose of this report was to analyse the meia toxoplasma gondii igg antibody and rubella igg antibody assays, following eccls guidelines for the analysis of laboratory kits. the results showed that between-run imprecision for rubella igg was close to 15%; for toxoplasma igg the percentage was 13%. the mean recovery for rubella igg was 104% and 94% for toxoplasma igg ... | 1992 | 1456501 |
| skeletal muscle toxoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a clinical and pathological study. | the present article describes the clinical and pathological findings in 5 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients with muscle toxoplasmosis. the patients had marked lymphopenia (5/5), with less than five cd4+ cells/mm3 (3/3), when they developed fever (5/5), and multiorgan failure (5/5), including diffuse encephalitis, pneumonia, pancytopenia, and myopathy. muscle involvement included weakness and wasting (4/5), myalgias (3/5), and high serum creatine kinase levels (3/3). serology f ... | 1992 | 1456737 |
| human lymphokine-activated killer cells are cytotoxic against cells infected with toxoplasma gondii. | experiments were conducted to determine whether human lymphokine-activated killer (lak) cells are cytotoxic against cells infected with toxoplasma gondii. nylon wool nonadherent (nwna) peripheral blood lymphocytes, as well as purified natural killer cell (nk) (cd3- cd16+ cd56+) and t (cd3+ cd16- cd56-) cells obtained from five healthy t. gondii seronegative volunteers exhibited minimal cytotoxic activity against t. gondii-infected cells. when standard lak (s-lak) cell preparations were induced b ... | 1992 | 1460415 |
| evaluation of a recombinant antigen elisa for the diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis and comparison with traditional antigen elisas. | an evaluation of five elisa methods for the diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis was undertaken by comparing a laboratory-produced elisa employing two recombinant toxoplasma gondii polypeptides as antigen with a laboratory-produced elisa and three commercially available elisas employing traditional parasite antigen preparations derived from whole tachyzoites. with a panel of 75 sera from patients who showed either serological and clinical evidence of acute toxoplasmosis, or of diseases caused by oth ... | 1992 | 1460660 |
| cytotoxic activity of 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid against toxoplasma gondii. | recent data indicate that platelets may play an important role in the host defence against toxoplasma gondii infections. t. gondii-stimulated human platelets release thromboxane a2 (txa2) and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-hete) from arachidonic acid and 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-hode) from linoleic acid (yong et al. 1991; henderson et al. 1992). we have previously demonstrated that the eicosanoid txa2 has potent cytotoxic activity against t. gondii trophozoites (yong et al. 1991). ... | 1992 | 1461675 |
| [congenital toxoplasmosis in a 6-week-old infant]. | a case of congenital toxoplasmosis was observed in an infant aged 6 weeks with fatal outcome. histological changes produced by toxoplasma gondii in the brain are described. | 1992 | 1462595 |
| evolution and significance of toxoplasma gondii antibody titers in kidney transplant recipients. | 1992 | 1465928 | |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii in llamas (lama glama) in the northwest usa. | serum samples from 283 llamas (lama glama) from oregon, washington state and idaho were tested for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii using the modified agglutination test. antibodies were found in 95 (33.5%) llamas. percent seropositivity in serum dilutions of 1:25, 1:50, 1:500, and 1:5000 was 9.5%, 18.3%, 4.9%, and 0.7%, respectively. | 1992 | 1466137 |
| effect of feeding lasalocid to pregnant ewes experimentally infected with toxoplasma gondii. | sixteen 50 day gestational ewes were fed lasalocid at the rate of 30 g t-1 and were orally inoculated with 100 infective toxoplasma gondii oocysts 5 days after beginning feeding of lasalocid. seventeen control ewes were similarly inoculated with t. gondii and were not fed lasalocid. the rate of abortion and neonatal mortality in both treated and untreated ewes was similar, indicating that feeding lasalocid was not effective in preventing t. gondii abortion in sheep. | 1992 | 1466138 |
| fatal toxoplasmosis in domestic rabbits in the usa. | three rabbits from two sources died after an acute illness characterized by fever, lethargy and diarrhea in one rabbit and no clinical signs in two rabbits. the most striking lesion in all three rabbits was foci of necrosis of the spleen and liver associated with massive presence of multiplying toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites. the diagnosis was confirmed by specific staining with anti-t. gondii serum in an avidin-biotin complex immunohistochemical stain. | 1992 | 1466139 |
| specificity of the carbon immunoassay (cia) test for the diagnosis of toxoplasma infections. | a rapid and low cost procedure, the carbon immunoassay (cia) test, was evaluated for the diagnosis of toxoplasma gondii infections. using a closely related parasite (besnoitia jellisoni) as antigen, and homologous or heterologous immune sera, it was demonstrated by light and electron microscopy that cia is a very reliable and specific test. as it is neither expensive nor time-consuming, it can be recommended for general and routine laboratory use. | 1992 | 1466141 |
| disseminated toxoplasmosis with sepsis in aids. | a 24-year-old woman with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome was admitted with septic fever of unknown origin and a 2-week history of diarrhea. clinical diagnostic procedures did not reveal the cause of sepsis. broad-spectrum antibiotics and intensive symptomatic therapy could not prevent progressive deterioration. the patient developed septic shock and consumptive coagulopathy and died 6 days after admission. autopsy revealed disseminated infection with toxoplasma gondii and multiple organ manif ... | 1992 | 1467632 |
| human toxoplasma gondii-specific secretory immunoglobulin a reduces t. gondii infection of enterocytes in vitro. | whey from 17 women (four acutely infected with toxoplasma gondii, eight chronically infected, and five uninfected) was studied. t. gondii-specific secretory iga antibodies were demonstrated by elisa in whey from acutely infected and one of eight chronically infected women. such antibodies to tachyzoite proteins of < or = 14, 22, 26-28, 30, 46, 60, 70-80, and > 100 kd (eliminated by protease but not periodate or neuraminidase treatment) were demonstrated in whey from acutely infected subjects whe ... | 1992 | 1469104 |
| [the signal transduction mechanism responsible for interferon-gamma-inducible indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (ido) gene expression in t98g cells]. | the interferon (ifn)-gamma-induced indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (ido) is implicated in the inhibition of intracellular pathogens, e.g. chlamydia psittaci and toxoplasma gondii. the intracellular signaling molecules responsible for the induction of ido gene expression were investigated by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction. the gene expression was inhibited by a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, genistein. being consistent with this, ifn-gamma induced increased tyrosine phosphorylation and this w ... | 1992 | 1469778 |
| comparison of three forms of antigens in the demonstration of cell-mediated immune response in murine toxoplasmosis. | mice were chronically infected with cysts of me49 strain of toxoplasma gondii. at different periods post-infection, their spleens were removed and single cell suspensions were made. lymphocyte transformation experiments were performed on the lymphocyte suspensions using three different kinds of antigens of me49 strain of t. gondii, namely soluble, excretory/secretory and cystic forms. the results showed that the pattern of lymphocyte responsiveness was dependent on the kind of antigen employed f ... | 1992 | 1472034 |
| penetration of toxoplasma gondii into host cells induces changes in the distribution of the mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum. | fluorescence microscopy, using dyes which specifically label mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and the golgi complex, and transmission electron microscopy, were used to analyze the changes which occur in the organization of these structures during interaction of toxoplasma gondii with host cells. in uninfected cells the mitochondria are long filamentous structures which radiate from the nuclear region toward the cell periphery. after parasite penetration they become shorter and tend to concent ... | 1992 | 1473161 |
| diseases, parasites and survival of coyotes in south-central georgia. | serologic testing, radio-telemetry and post-mortem diagnostic evaluations were used to investigate survival and causes of mortality among 17 coyotes (canis latrans) in south-central georgia (usa). prevalence of canine heartworm (dirofilaria immitis) microfilariae was lower (p = 0.057) among fall-captured (22%) than among winter-captured (75%) coyotes. prevalence of heartworm was higher among adults than juveniles in the fall, but no significant difference was detected between animals captured in ... | 1992 | 1474655 |
| evaluation of new anti-infective drugs for the treatment of toxoplasma encephalitis. infectious diseases society of america and the food and drug administration. | toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan that exists in three forms, all of which are potentially infectious for humans. after acute infection, cysts persist in the central nervous system and extraneural tissue. human hosts with compromised immunity, particularly those with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, are vulnerable to reactivation and dissemination. the most common clinical expression of toxoplasma infection is encephalitis. the diagnosis is established by clinical presentation, computed to ... | 1992 | 1477231 |
| intravenous injection of interferon-gamma inhibits the proliferation of listeria monocytogenes in the liver but not in the spleen and peritoneal cavity. | in the present study the effects of intravenous administration of recombinant interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) on both the proliferation of listeria monocytogenes in the liver and spleen of mice and the listericidal activity of their peritoneal macrophages were investigated. a single intravenous injection of 1 x 10(6) u or three injections of 2 x 10(5) u recombinant ifn-gamma (rifn-gamma) induced optimal activation of resident and exudate peritoneal macrophages, as judged by their ability to inhibit ... | 1992 | 1478682 |
| how toxoplasma gondii gets in and out of host cells. | 1992 | 1485356 | |
| comparison of excretory/secretory and circulating antigens of toxoplasma gondii by enzyme immunoassay and immunoblotting. | toxoplasma gondii trophozoites (rh strain) were cultured in embryonic fibroblasts in order to study the kinetics of production of excretory/secretory antigens, and the results were compared to the production of circulating antigens in an in vivo mouse model. by capture-elisa, excretory/secretory antigens were first detected on the fourth day of culture whereas circulating antigens were first detected 1 day after infection. similar concentrations of antigens were detected in both models as eviden ... | 1992 | 1487368 |
| toxoplasmosis and laboratory workers: a case-control assessment of risk. | the health risks to staff employed in a toxoplasma reference unit were studied. sixteen laboratory staff exposed to toxoplasma gondii and age/sex-matched controls from the general population and a routine microbiology laboratory were assessed. multiple assays were performed to establish the presence of toxoplasma infection, and laboratory workers were questioned regarding environmental and work-related exposure to the parasite. details of all of environmental exposure to toxoplasma between the t ... | 1992 | 1487974 |
| activity of clarithromycin alone or in combination with other drugs for treatment of murine toxoplasmosis. | the activity of the macrolide antibiotic clarithromycin was examined alone or in combination with other drugs for the treatment of acute or chronic infections with toxoplasma gondii in mice. a dose of 300 mg of clarithromycin per kg per day administered alone for 10 days, beginning 24 hours after infection, protected 10 to 30% of mice infected with lethal inocula of tachyzoites or tissue cysts of different strains of t. gondii, including some strains isolated from patients with both aids and tox ... | 1992 | 1489188 |
| [isolation of toxoplasma gondii by cellular culture in hiv infected patients]. | nine hundred and eight biological samples obtained from hiv-infected patients were examined for toxoplasma gondii by a tissue culture method. sixty-two isolations of toxoplasma gondii were made in 43 patients. fourteen isolations were made from tissue biopsies (brain 4, striated muscle 2, liver 1), bone marrow aspirates (4 cases), pericardial or pleural effusions (3 cases) and vitreous body (1). in 6 cases, a parasitic dissemination was evidenced by the demonstration of toxoplasma in blood or ot ... | 1992 | 1494557 |
| the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis on iowa swine farms with an emphasis on the roles of free-living mammals. | multiparous sows from 19 central iowa swine farms were tested for antibodies against toxoplasma gondii by the modified direct agglutination test. antibody titers of 1:32 or greater were considered positive. rodents, domestic cats, opossums (didelphis virginiana), raccoons (procyon lotor) and striped skunks (mephitis mephitis) were live-trapped on each farm and similarly tested for antibodies. the overall prevalence of t. gondii antibodies in the species tested was 39/273 (14.3%) swine, 31/74 (41 ... | 1992 | 1496780 |
| concurrent hepatozoon canis and toxoplasma gondii infections in a dog. | a female 1-year-old dog died suddenly and was submitted for necropsy. numerous grey-tan-colored nodules were seen in the lungs, brain and lymph nodes. microscopically, the predominant lesion was necrosis associated with numerous toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites. the parasites reacted positively with anti-t. gondii serum in an immunohistochemical test. schizonts of hepatozoon canis were seen in sections of lymph nodes and the spleen. | 1992 | 1496795 |
| prevalence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii and trichinella spiralis in 509 pigs from 31 farms in oahu, hawaii. | serum samples from 509 pigs from 31 farms in oahu, hawaii were examined for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii using the agglutination test in dilutions of 1:25, 1:50, and 1:500 and for trichinella spiralis using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. toxoplasma gondii antibodies were found in 48.5% of pigs. antibody titers were: 5.1% positive at 1:25 dilution, 28.6% positive at 1:50 dilution and 14.7% positive at 1:500 dilution. the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in garbage-fed pigs (6 ... | 1992 | 1496803 |
| scid mouse models of acute and relapsing chronic toxoplasma gondii infections. | lymphodeficient scid/scid (scid) mice died from acute infection with a strain of toxoplasma gondii that causes chronic infection with mild symptoms in immunocompetent non-scid mice. however, most scid mice reconstituted with spleen cells from immunocompetent mice 1 month prior to t. gondii infection survived in good health after a transient period during which they appeared ill. unreconstituted scid mice given sulfadiazine in their drinking water from day 10 of toxoplasma infection onward surviv ... | 1992 | 1500181 |
| studies on the epidemiology of child infections in the bari area (south italy). v. epidemiology of toxoplasma gondii infections. | sera from 2790 0-15 aged infants and children were titrated for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii by indirect immunofluorescent test. maternal-derived antibodies were found at high rates in the first six months of life (32.9%). the positivity rate declined during the second semester of life (7.5%) and increased again with time (7.8% between 1 and 5 years, 11.2% between 5 and 10 years, 14.4% between 10 and 15 years). no statistically significant differences were found between the sexes. igm specifi ... | 1992 | 1501584 |
| toxoplasmosis and border disease in 54 swedish sheep flocks. seroprevalence and incidence during one gestation period. | serum samples from 704 animals from 54 swedish sheep flocks were analysed by elisa twice during 1 breeding season for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii and border disease virus (bdv). an elisa, originally developed for the detection of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) in cattle, was assessed on sheep sera and the results were compared with those obtained in a virus neutralization test. the correlation between the 2 assays proved good. before breeding, 132 (19%) sheep in 42 flocks ... | 1992 | 1503001 |
| pulmonary toxoplasmosis in aids. | the chest radiographs obtained in nine patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and pulmonary toxoplasmosis were reviewed. in three patients, a bilateral, diffuse, fine to medium reticulonodular pattern indistinguishable from that seen in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) was observed. in six patients, however, a bilateral, predominantly coarse, nodular pattern was observed. this type of abnormality is unusual with pcp, and its presence may help in distinguishing between pulmon ... | 1992 | 1509069 |
| levels of pyrimethamine in sera and cerebrospinal and ventricular fluids from infants treated for congenital toxoplasmosis. toxoplasmosis study group. | pyrimethamine levels in sera, cerebrospinal fluid (csf), and ventricular fluid were measured by using reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. the specimens were from 37 infants receiving pyrimethamine for treatment of suspect or proven congenital toxoplasmosis. pyrimethamine half-life in serum was 64 +/- 12 h when determined by study of terminal-phase kinetics of samples obtained from nine babies. this half-life was significantly different (p = 0.008) from the pyrimethamine half-life ... | 1992 | 1510391 |
| parasiticidal effect of clindamycin on toxoplasma gondii grown in cultured cells and selection of a drug-resistant mutant. | clindamycin, which has been reported to have no significant in vitro activity against toxoplasma gondii, actually markedly inhibits the growth of this parasite in infected human fibroblasts. when measured 3 days after treatment, the concentration required to reduce parasite growth by 50% is about 1 ng/ml. some observers failed to note this inhibition because of its markedly delayed onset. at 6 ng/ml, clindamycin is parasiticidal, and the rate and extent of parasite killing increase with higher d ... | 1992 | 1510399 |