Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| apical pneumocystis carinii pneumonia associated with hiv infection. | 1992 | 1446533 | |
| elution mode of pneumocystis carinii cysts in gravitational field-flow fractionation. | the simplest field-flow fractionation technique, i.e. gravitational, was used in an attempt to purify a pneumocystis carinii cyst suspension. this parasite is an opportunistic invader in immunocompromised patients, especially those suffering from aids. the cyst stage is spherical and 5 microns in diameter. unexpected retention times, not systematically related to the size and the density of the parasite, were obtained under various experimental conditions. when silicone-coated walls were used, p ... | 1992 | 1447341 |
| a controlled trial of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or aerosolized pentamidine for secondary prophylaxis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. aids clinical trials group protocol 021. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) continues to be the most common index diagnosis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), but it is not clear which of several available agents is the most effective in preventing a recurrence of pcp. | 1992 | 1448121 |
| [fever of unknown origin in a cohort of hiv-positive patients]. | the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of fever of unknown origin (fuo) in a cohort of hiv positive patients and to describe their evolution and the final diagnosis. the clinical records of 412 patients followed from january 1987 to december 1990 at our hiv outpatient clinic were reviewed: in 151 patients 255 episodes of fever had been observed of which 22 (in 21 patients) met the criteria for fuo. 19 patients (90%) presented with a cdc/who stage iv hiv infection and the mean ... | 1992 | 1448686 |
| gastrointestinal pneumocystosis in hiv-infected patients on aerosolized pentamidine: report of five cases and literature review. | extrapulmonary infection with pneumocystis carinii in aids patients on aerosolized pentamidine is occurring more frequently. we report five patients diagnosed with gastrointestinal pneumocystosis while on aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis and have identified infections involving the peritoneum, liver, and transverse colon, as well as stomach and duodenum. physicians should have a high index of suspicion for extrapulmonary pneumocystosis, especially involving the gastrointestinal system, in hiv ... | 1992 | 1449138 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in untreated acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia. | mixed opportunistic infection with pneumocystis carinii and candida prior to cytotoxic therapy in a young male diagnosed as having acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia resulted in early catastrophe. the role of awareness of this complication and its prompt management is discussed. | 1992 | 1452569 |
| comparative study of antipneumocystis agents in rats by using a pneumocystis carinii-specific dna probe to quantitate infection. | a repetitive genomic dna clone (b12-2) that specifically hybridizes to pneumocystis carinii dna has been identified. no cross-hybridization to genomic dna prepared from bacteria, other fungi, protozoa, or mammals was observed. clone b12-2 is multiply represented in the p. carinii genome. by direct hybridization to dna prepared from the lungs of immunosuppressed rats, the probe can detect the equivalent of fewer than 1,000 p. carinii organisms. a hybridization assay employing clone b12-2 has been ... | 1992 | 1452667 |
| an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for enumeration of pneumocystis carinii in vitro and in vivo. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to quantitate pneumocystis carinii organisms from culture supernatant and rat lung has been developed. a polyclonal antibody specific to p. carinii was produced in sprague-dawley rats by allowing p. carinii-infected animals to recover from infection. this antibody reacted strongly to p. carinii proteins of 50 to 55 kda and weakly to those of 33 and 116 kda. the elisa used this convalescent-phase antibody to quantitate the number of p. carinii organism ... | 1992 | 1452712 |
| pneumocystis carinii choroiditis in patients with aids: clinical features, response to therapy, and outcome. | to further characterize the clinical features, response to therapy, and outcome of pneumocystis carinii choroiditis in patients with aids, we retrospectively reviewed the course of choroiditis for eight patients identified from two institutions through april 1991. seven patients had prior pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and had received aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis for a median of 10 months; one patient had no prior history of pneumonia or prophylaxis. the median cd4+ lymphocyte count for ... | 1992 | 1453321 |
| variations in inpatient mortality for aids in a national sample of hospitals. | in this project, we examined the spectrum of aids-related conditions and variations in associated inpatient mortality for aids patients treated in a national sample of hospitals. we identified 10,538 adult discharges with a diagnosis indicating aids from 258 hospitals from a national sample of 438 acute-care hospitals with 6 million discharges in 1986-1987. opportunistic and other infections occurred in 55.9 and 37.9%, respectively, of aids discharges, and inpatient fatality rates varied conside ... | 1992 | 1453327 |
| equal survival rates for first, second, and third episodes of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | second and subsequent episodes of acute pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) are reported to have a worse prognosis than initial episodes in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. we tested the hypothesis that survival rates of first, second, and subsequent episodes of acute pcp in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are equal. | 1992 | 1456858 |
| another case of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a patient with dyskeratosis congenita (zinsser-cole-engman syndrome) | 1992 | 1457646 | |
| phagocytic chimeric receptors require both transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains from the mannose receptor. | phagocytosis has traditionally been viewed as a specialized function of myeloid and monocytic cells. the mannose receptor (mr) is an opsonin-independent phagocytic receptor expressed on tissue macrophages. when human mr cdna is transfected into cos cells, these usually non-phagocytic cells express cell surface mr and bind and ingest mr ligands such as zymosan, yeast, and pneumocystis carinii. expression of cdna for fc gamma ri (cd64), the high-affinity fc receptor, in cos cells confers binding b ... | 1992 | 1460425 |
| [thoracic radiography in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids patients. presentation forms and clinical course]. | we intend to determine the frequency of the different radiographic findings of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with aids. | 1992 | 1460877 |
| [microbiology of pneumocystis carinii]. | 1992 | 1461225 | |
| [risk factors and prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after bone marrow transplantation]. | for six months after bone marrow transplantation (bmt) there is a risk of 5 to 15% to suffer from interstitial pneumonia due to pneumocystis carinii (pcp). prophylaxis with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazol is therefore routinely and successfully applied. however myelotoxicity, allergic reactions, augmentation of the risk of nephrotoxicity with cyclosporine a and noncompliance may be serious problems. since the prophylaxis of pcp with pentamidine-aerosol proved to be effective in patients with aids, ... | 1992 | 1461227 |
| [pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: a life threatening complication after kidney transplantation]. | aggressive immunosuppression in kidney transplantation increases the risk of opportunistic infections. we report ten cases of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a group of 420 kidney recipients (2.1%). all patients showed a severe--hyperacute--course of the infection. one patient required mechanical ventilation. in all cases the diagnosis could be established applying fibreoptic bronchoscopy with lavage and partly using transbronchial biopsy. the therapy consisted of intravenous cotrimoxazole and ... | 1992 | 1461228 |
| [pentamidine inhalation in prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in treatment of rejection with monoclonal antibody orthoclone (okt-3)]. | the use of the monoclonal antibody okt-3 (orthoclone) is associated with an increased risk of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. in a retrospective study, the efficiency of a prophylactic inhalation of pentamidine during acute renal allograft rejection therapy with okt-3 was investigated. from july 1988 until october 1989 32 renal transplanted patients with acute rejection refractory to steroids had been treated with okt-3. twelve of the patients developed a pneumonia (four pneumococcus, one klebsi ... | 1992 | 1461229 |
| [pneumocystis carinii in oncologic diseases]. | 1992 | 1461230 | |
| [prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with intermittent trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole]. | to evaluate efficacy and toxicity of intermittent trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (t/s) prophylaxis for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) our hiv-positive patients were given t/s (160 mg, 800 mg) twice daily for 3 consecutive days per week. patients were included only if they met the cdc criteria for pcp prophylaxis, did not have intolerance to t/s, and if follow-up was 3 or more months. thirty-eight patients received primary prophylaxis (group i) for a mean period of 18.1 months and 26 patient ... | 1992 | 1461536 |
| trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in infants. | 1992 | 1461709 | |
| pentamidine inhalation as a prophylaxis against pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after therapy of acute renal allograft rejection with orthoclone (okt3). | 1992 | 1465879 | |
| oral dapsone versus nebulized pentamidine for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis: an open randomized prospective trial to assess efficacy and haematological toxicity. | to compare the haematological toxicity and efficacy of oral dapsone and nebulized pentamidine as pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) prophylaxis in hiv-infected patients receiving zidovudine. | 1992 | 1466849 |
| [pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with radiological manifestations typical of pulmonary tuberculosis]. | 1992 | 1467411 | |
| low incidence of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in hiv patients receiving 300 mg pentamidine aerosol every 2 weeks. | the optimal dosage of pentamidine for prophylaxis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) is unknown. we assessed the effects of 300 mg pentamidine inhaled every 2 weeks. salbutamol was added for prevention of bronchoconstriction. a total of 128 consecutive hiv patients were enrolled, 21 of whom were excluded within 8 weeks; the remaining 107 patients, 66 on primary and 41 on secondary prophylaxis, were treated for 39 weeks (median; range 8-133). two patients developed pcp. side effects occurred ... | 1992 | 1467635 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia associated with adrenocorticotropic hormone treatment for infantile spasms. | 1992 | 1468469 | |
| tissue invasion by pneumocystis carinii: a possible cause of cavitary pneumonia and pneumothorax. | pulmonary cavitation and pneumothorax may complicate severe cases of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. both complications likely result from tissue necrosis, although how such injury occurs is unknown. to investigate mechanisms of tissue destruction in p carinii pneumonia, histochemical, immunocytochemical, and electron microscopic studies were conducted in pulmonary wedge resections or autopsy specimens from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (n = 7) or leukemia (n = 2). tissue ... | 1992 | 1468775 |
| tumor necrosis factor-alpha in pediatric hiv-1 infection. | to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) levels in hiv-1-infected children. | 1992 | 1472332 |
| bronchial responsiveness in aids patients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | to study bronchial responsiveness to inhaled histamine among hiv-infected patients. | 1992 | 1472337 |
| an alternative to dna extraction for the diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia by polymerase chain reaction using a new oligonucleotide probe. | we have used new specific primers and probe in a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) followed by southern blot assays to detect pneumocystis carinii in human bronchoalveolar lavage samples obtained from hiv-infected patients with pulmonary symptoms. to facilitate the procedure we developed a filtration technique without dna extraction yielding a high sensitivity (18/18 positive results). the high specificity of the technique was shown by testing immunosuppressed patients without p. carinii pneumonia ... | 1992 | 1474976 |
| [occurrence of pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum in a patient with aids and pulmonary infection caused by pneumocystis carinii and cryptococcus neoformans]. | 1992 | 1475474 | |
| the effect of human immunodeficiency virus infection on the distribution and outcome of pneumonia in intensive care units. | to determine the frequency and distribution of pneumonia in an intensive care unit (icu), we retrospectively examined the records of 1,854 consecutive icu admissions between january 1987 and april 1990. a total of 266 patients met criteria for pneumonia (unilateral or bilateral infiltrate by chest roentgenogram, plus 2 of the following: leukocyte count > 10 x 10(9) per liter, temperature > 38.5 degrees c, or culture of blood or sputum positive for pathogens). pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in pa ... | 1992 | 1475945 |
| cavitating pneumocystis pneumonia in an autopsied case of adult t-cell leukemia. | cavitating necrosis is rare in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. in this report, we describe an autopsy patient with adult t-cell leukemia associated with cavitating pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. the patient, a 61-year-old woman, died of an acute crisis of adult t-cell leukemia associated with diffuse pulmonary infection of pneumocystis carinii. postmortem examination revealed necrotic foci in both lungs, one of which, in the left lower lobe, had a central cavitation. microscopically, leukemic c ... | 1992 | 1477336 |
| the beta-tubulin gene from rat and human isolates of pneumocystis carinii. | the development of new drugs for treating pneumocystis carinii infections in aids patients is hampered by the lack of long-term culture systems, and by our generally limited knowledge of this organism. recently, however, we observed significant activity of various benzimidazoles against growth of this organism in short-term cultures. benzimidazoles inhibit microtubule polymerization; there is strong evidence that the primary target is the beta-tubulin subunit. to understand the basis for benzimi ... | 1992 | 1484490 |
| pneumocystis carinii and mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection of the choroid. | it has been hypothesized that coinfection with mycobacteria occurs in patients with pneumocystis carinii choroiditis, but cases demonstrating ocular infection by both organisms have not been reported. this study reports the case of a patient with p. carinii choroiditis who was treated with intravenous trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, followed by intravenous trimethoprim and dapsone. the choroidal lesions failed to resolve despite 6 weeks of treatment, and the patient died from massive pulmonar ... | 1992 | 1485017 |
| [hodgkin's disease associated with hiv infection: clinical characteristics and development. french registry of tumors associated with hiv infection]. | from may 1987 to july 1990, 45 cases of hodgkin's disease (hd) were recorded by the french registry of hiv-associated tumors. thirty-nine patients were male and median age was 30 years. twenty-two cases had mixed cellularity type (mc), 18 nodular sclerosis, two lymphocyte depletion and three were not classified. thirty-four patients had advanced hd clinical stages (cs iii and iv). thirty-six patients (80%) presented with b symptoms. bone marrow involvement was diagnosed in 12 patients. mediastin ... | 1992 | 1486223 |
| auditing aids reporting. experience from a central london district 1982-1991. | to evaluate completeness of reporting of cases of aids to the communicable disease surveillance centre (cdsc) between 1982-1991. | 1992 | 1487261 |
| pneumocystis carinii induction of tumor necrosis factor-alpha by alveolar macrophages: modulation by pentamidine isethionate. | pneumocystis carinii, and the inflammatory response it provokes, together contribute to irreversible lung damage in immunocompromised patients. p. carinii cysts were found to be capable of inducing tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf) release from alveolar macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner. at physiologically achievable concentrations, pentamidine isethionate (pentamidine) substantially reduces such production. pretreatment of alveolar macrophages (am phi) with interferon-gamma (ifn-g ... | 1992 | 1487315 |
| [abnormal chest shadow on ct in immunosuppressed patients]. | an abnormal chest shadow was observed on ct scans in 25 cases of 23 immunosuppressed patients. pulmonary disease was pathologically confirmed to be pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pc pneumonia) in four patients, cytomegalovirus pneumonia (cmv pneumonia) in one, bacterial pneumonia in seven, fungal infection in three, miliary tuberculosis in one, leukemic infiltration in two, lymphangitis carcinomatosa in three, drug-induced pneumonitis in three, and ards in one. in almost all patients, especiall ... | 1992 | 1488291 |
| tiny echogenic foci in the liver and kidney in patients with aids: not always due to disseminated pneumocystis carinii. | 1992 | 1489361 | |
| pneumocandins from zalerion arboricola. i. discovery and isolation. | hplc bioautography of the directed biosynthesis of zalerion arboricola led to the discovery of pneumocandin b0 (l-688,786), a new antifungal and anti-pneumocystis carinii lipopeptide. isolation techniques were developed to separate this component from pneumocandin a0 (l-671,329) in fermentations of a mutant of zalerion arboricola. a number of related compounds were also isolated, which differ from pneumocandins a0 and b0 in the hydroxylation patterns on the ornithine, homotyrosine, and proline. | 1992 | 1490876 |
| pneumocandins from zalerion arboricola. ii. modification of product spectrum by mutation and medium manipulation. | zalerion arboricola atcc 20868 produces pneumocandin a0 (l-671,329), a cyclic hexapeptide with a dimethylmyristic acid side chain. this compound has anti-candida and anti-pneumocystis activities. we were interested in looking for other related compounds produced by this organism. to facilitate this search, a simple medium (s2) composed of d-mannitol, peptonized milk, lactic acid, glycine, kh2po4 and trace elements, which supported the production of a number of such compounds, was designed. for t ... | 1992 | 1490877 |
| pneumocandins from zalerion arboricola. iii. structure elucidation. | pneumocandin b0 (6) and six related lipopeptides are antifungal and anti-pneumocystis carinii agents from mutants of zalerion arboricola, whose structures were determined mainly on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. they belong, along with pneumocandin a0 (l-671,329) previously isolated from these laboratories, to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents. the product from base-catalyzed ring opening involving the hemiaminal position of the dihydroxyornithine residue of b0, has been clearly ... | 1992 | 1490878 |
| pneumocandins from zalerion arboricola. iv. biological evaluation of natural and semisynthetic pneumocandins for activity against pneumocystis carinii and candida species. | a series of lipopeptide compounds co-produced during the fermentation of pneumocandin a0 (l-671,329) and related semisynthetic compounds were evaluated in vivo against pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and systemic candidiasis. in addition, they were tested in vitro against a panel of pathogenic candida species and in a candida membrane 1,3-beta-d-glucan synthesis assay. the results of these studies demonstrate that pneumocandin a0 and pneumocandin b0 (l-688,786) are the most potent compounds when ... | 1992 | 1490879 |
| eflornithine versus cotrimoxazole in the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids patients. | to compare cotrimoxazole and eflornithine as primary treatment for first-episode pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). | 1992 | 1492932 |
| does laboratory recovery of pneumocystis carinii always mean clinically significant disease? | 1992 | 1492949 | |
| development and resolution of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in severe combined immunodeficient mice: a morphological study of host inflammatory responses. | the development and resolution of naturally-acquired pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was studied in a severe combined immunodeficient (scid) mouse model by light and electron microscopies. initial infection was evident in 3-week-old scid mice and started as focal alveolar colonization in the areas near terminal airways. pronounced pulmonary inflammation occurred in animals of 10 weeks or older and the infection intensity reached a plateau in animals 12 weeks of age. at this stage of disease, the ... | 1992 | 1493101 |
| diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in hiv antibody positive patients by simple outpatient assessments. | as increasing numbers of patients with immunosuppression induced by the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) present with respiratory symptoms it is important to differentiate pneumocystis carinii pneumonia from other chest diseases rapidly and start treatment early. the management of pneumocystis pneumonia could be improved if clinicians could diagnose this condition confidently on the basis of simple clinical assessments. | 1992 | 1494761 |
| [pulmonary function tests after pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in hiv infected patients]. | significant impairment of lung volumes and gas exchange in hiv-infected patients with acute pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) has been reported, whereas little is known about lung function compromise following successful therapy. in 9 patients with acute pcp and 9 patients 1-5 month after pcp lung function testing including spirometry, diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide and exercise blood gas analysis were performed serially at monthly intervals. the results were summarized in a total sco ... | 1992 | 1495909 |
| high osmotic pressure enables fine ultrastructural and cytochemical studies on pneumocystis carinii. i. epon embedding. | high osmotic pressure was used to preserve the ultrastructure of rabbit-, scid mouse-, and rat-derived pneumocystis carinii organisms from osmotic stress during fixation. organelles and cytosol were well preserved within the tonicity range of 850-1,300 mosmol. under these experimental conditions, we determined that the endoplasmic reticulum was well developed in all parasite stages and could observe the golgi complex, autophagic vacuoles, dense bodies, type ii endoplasmic saccules, and the recen ... | 1992 | 1495924 |
| improved survival of renal allograft recipients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia by early diagnosis and treatment. | 1992 | 1496657 | |
| prophylaxis of aids-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with aerosolized pentamidine in a patient with hypersensitivity to systemic pentamidine. | 1992 | 1500632 | |
| [absence of liver accumulation of 67ga-citrate in pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in aids. description of a case]. | 1992 | 1502367 | |
| pneumocystis carinii infection in foals in the uk. | 1992 | 1502768 | |
| epidemiology of aids in females with hemophilia and other chronic bleeding disorders in the united states: comparisons with males with chronic bleeding disorders and aids and with nonhemophilic female blood-transfusion recipients with aids. | from january 1, 1981 through june 30, 1990, 32 females with chronic bleeding disorders were diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in the united states. most (81.3%) were white and greater than or equal to 30 years of age, with a median age of 37.5 years. eighteen (56.3%) had von willebrand's disease. pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was reported for 16 (50%). none had kaposi sarcoma. the median survival time was 10.8 months, with a cumulative probability of survival at 1 year of ... | 1992 | 1503095 |
| antimicrotubule benzimidazoles inhibit in vitro growth of pneumocystis carinii. | nine antimicrotubule benzimidazole derivatives tested in a pneumocystis carinii culture system with human embryonic lung fibroblast monolayers inhibited organism proliferation. the concentrations of drugs inhibitory in culture ranged from 10 to 0.1 micrograms/ml, with thiabendazole being the least effective (10 micrograms/ml) and parbendazole being the most effective (0.1 microgram/ml). the parent compound, benzimidazole, was inactive at 10 micrograms/ml. demonstration that this group of compoun ... | 1992 | 1503439 |
| empirically treated pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in london, 1983-1989. | for 227 episodes of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) treated at st mary's between 1983 and 1989, factors predictive of fatal outcome were age, haemoglobin levels, peripheral lymphocyte count and alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient. case fatality for the 47 empirically-treated episodes was significantly higher compared with the 180 cytologically proven episodes (55% vs 18%, chi 2 = 25.7, p less than 0.0001). case fatality for episodes which could not be bronchoscoped was significantly higher co ... | 1992 | 1504162 |
| corticosteroids in aids patients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1992 | 1504405 | |
| pneumocystis carinii shows dna homology with the ustomycetous red yeast fungi. | pneumocystis carinii causes life-threatening pneumonia in t-lymphocyte-immunodeficient subjects in transplant and oncology units or with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). recent dna homology studies show p. carinii to be a fungus. to investigate the biology and epidemiology of this parasite further, we elected to determine for it a more precise taxonomic assignment within the fungal kingdom. we screened a wide range of organisms representing the major orders of fungi using dna amplific ... | 1992 | 1508039 |
| pulmonary toxoplasmosis in aids. | the chest radiographs obtained in nine patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and pulmonary toxoplasmosis were reviewed. in three patients, a bilateral, diffuse, fine to medium reticulonodular pattern indistinguishable from that seen in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) was observed. in six patients, however, a bilateral, predominantly coarse, nodular pattern was observed. this type of abnormality is unusual with pcp, and its presence may help in distinguishing between pulmon ... | 1992 | 1509069 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids patients: clinical course in relation to the parasite number found in routine specimens obtained by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. | the aim of this study was to evaluate whether the amount of pneumocystis carinii organisms found at fiberoptic bronchoscopy (fb) performed on hiv-positive patients correlated to the character of the p. carinii pneumonia (pcp). a consecutive series of 105 patients presented with 131 episodes of pulmonary symptoms requiring fb, and in 75 of these episodes a diagnosis of pcp was made. specimens were stained with giemsa and methenamine silver nitrate and the number of parasites found was given as: n ... | 1992 | 1509234 |
| serum carcinoembryonic antigen: a prognostic marker in hiv-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | serum concentrations of carcinoembryonic antigen (cea) were measured in 43 consecutive patients with hiv-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). the subjects were divided into 2 groups according to the severity of the pcp:pao2 in ambient air (aa) less than or equal to 50 mmhg on admission (n = 22, group 1) and pao2 greater than 50 mmhg (n = 21, group 2). in addition, 57 hiv patients with either non-pcp pulmonary diseases (n = 34, group 3) or extrapulmonary disease (n = 23, group 4) were st ... | 1992 | 1509235 |
| aids--the baragwanath experience. part iii. hiv infection in adults at baragwanath hospital. | by december 1990, 181 hiv-positive black adults had been seen in the medical wards and hiv clinic at baragwanath hospital. fifty per cent were in the late stage of hiv infection; 34% of those so diagnosed in 1990 have died. equal numbers of both sexes have been seen. their ages have ranged from 16 years to 66 years, with peak frequencies in women aged 20-29 years and in men aged 30-39 years. tuberculosis was the commonest complicating infection, followed by acute pneumonia. pneumocystis carinii ... | 1992 | 1509338 |
| relation between hospital experience and in-hospital mortality for patients with aids-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: experience from 3,126 cases in new york city in 1987. | there is marked debate about whether outcomes of care, particularly mortality, vary as a function of hospital and physician experience with a disease. this issue is especially important with respect to aids because greater than 200,000 individuals have now been diagnosed with this disease. we analyzed discharge data for 3,126 persons with aids who had pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and who were treated at one of 73 new york city hospitals in 1987. in-hospital mortality was 25%. factors associate ... | 1992 | 1512684 |
| quantification of the detection of pneumocystis carinii by dna amplification. | we have developed a highly specific and sensitive technique for the detection of pneumocystis carinii dna using dna amplification by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). pcr products are detected by agarose gel electrophoresis and southern hybridization to an oligonucleotide probe. here we report the calibration of parasite numbers with amplification and hybridization signals and show that we can detect p. carinii to a lower limit of one to two organisms. the quantification of this diagnostic te ... | 1992 | 1513340 |
| detection of pneumocystis carinii in a rat model of infection by polymerase chain reaction. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was employed to detect pneumocystis carinii in organs of infected rats. using a pair of oligonucleotides designed to the dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) gene of rat p. carinii, specific amplification of an expected 415 bp region of p. carinii dhfr dna of this organism was achieved, while no amplification occurred with the human, candida albicans, and mycobacterium avium and tuberculosis dnas. using rat p. carinii isolated from in vitro cultures and infected lun ... | 1992 | 1513343 |
| experience with flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage as a diagnostic tool in children with aids. | to report our experience with flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage in children with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and acute lower respiratory tract disease. | 1992 | 1514551 |
| the effect of cigarette smoking on lymphocyte subsets and progression to aids in a cohort of homosexual men. | we investigated the effect of cigarette smoking on the percentage of cd4 and cd8 cells (cd4%, cd8%) within a prospective study of homosexual men in vancouver, canada and compared progression rates to aids among seroincident smokers and non-smokers. serial measurements of cd4% and cd8% obtained from four annual visits were available for 299 men and were compared with respect to smoking status and serologic group. cd4% was significantly elevated (p less than 0.025) and cd8% was significantly lower ... | 1992 | 1516287 |
| the clinical utility of serum lactate dehydrogenase in diagnosing pneumocystis carinii pneumonia among hospitalized aids patients. | it has been previously demonstrated that serum lactate dehydrogenase is elevated among hiv patients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). to evaluate the clinical utility of this test we analyzed the admission ldh levels of patients hospitalized for the first time due to the secondary complications of aids. among 76 patients without a prior history of pcp, 41 (54%) had pcp diagnosed during their hospitalization while 35 (46%) did not have pcp. serum ldh was significantly higher among pcp pa ... | 1992 | 1516288 |
| corticosteroids for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with acute respiratory failure. experience with rescue therapy. | corticosteroids have proven effective as adjunctive therapy for the treatment of pcp in patients with aids, when begun within 72 h of conventional anti-pneumocystis therapy. their efficacy as rescue (or salvage) therapy in patients who have failed conventional therapy, however, remains unproven. ths report presents our experience with 16 patients admitted to our micu for acute respiratory failure (pao2/fio2 ratio less than or equal to 150) due to pcp. five of six patients (83 percent) who receiv ... | 1992 | 1516418 |
| bronchitis mimicking opportunistic lung infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection/aids. | purulent bronchitis was identified in 19 of 422 patients undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy during a 32-month period because of suspicion of an opportunistic lung infection complicating acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or human immunodeficiency virus infection. five patients had pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, but other opportunistic lung infections were excluded in the remaining 14 patients. characteristics of these 14 patients included fever (greater than 38.3 degrees c), cough, and dyspnea ... | 1992 | 1518586 |
| influence of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia on serum and tissue concentrations of pentamidine administered to rats by tracheal injections. | pentamidine isethionate was administered by the tracheal route to control rats and immunodepressed rats with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). the serum concentration of pentamidine base 20 min after the administration was higher in the pcp rats (309 +/- 165 ng/ml) than in the control animals (71 +/- 36 mg/ml; p less than 0.001); 90 min after the injection the proportion of the pentamidine administered was lower in the right lung of the pcp rats (29 +/- 15%) than in the control rats (57 +/- ... | 1992 | 1519855 |
| higher pentamidine levels in aids patients with hypoglycemia and azotemia during treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz) and pentamidine are both licensed for the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). however, their use is associated with various adverse side effects. in this prospective study, 26 aids patients with 32 episodes of pcp were treated with pentamidine (4 mg/kg/d). each patient was treated for 12 to 21 days, depending on the rapidity of onset of the clinical response. during the 32 pcp episodes, hypoglycemia occurred in 16 instances, azotemia in 12, ... | 1992 | 1519856 |
| pulmonary function in human immunodeficiency virus infection. a prospective 18-month study of serial lung function in 474 patients. | to investigate the development of a reduced dlco in patients with hiv-related disease, we studied 474 hiv-seropositive patients and performed serial lung function measurements over 18 months. the mean values of dlco at presentation were lower in patients with more advanced hiv disease compared with asymptomatic hiv-seropositive patients (dlco 88% of predicted). when compared with the dlco in asymptomatic hiv-seropositive patients, the dlco had reduced values in patients with persistent generaliz ... | 1992 | 1519857 |
| current status of hiv therapy: ii. opportunistic diseases. | infections and malignancies account for most deaths in patients with aids and will continue to do so as long as hiv-induced immunosuppression is progressive and irreversible. co-trimoxazole has emerged as the preferred agent for prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. as appropriate broad-spectrum agents are developed, multiple opportunistic pathogen prophylaxis could become effective. | 1992 | 1522156 |
| incest and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a twelve-year-old girl: a case for early human immunodeficiency virus testing in sexually abused children. | 1992 | 1523085 | |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia following immunosuppressive therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus. | 1992 | 1525634 | |
| adverse effects associated with intravenous pentamidine isethionate as treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids patients. | to evaluate the adverse effects of intravenous pentamidine isethionate, a retrospective study was carried out over a four-year period. twenty-one acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) patients received intravenous pentamidine as treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). this was 13% of the total number of patients with pcp in the department during that period. four patients died during treatment and were not evaluated for side effects. thirteen patients (13/17 = 76%) suffered from o ... | 1992 | 1526188 |
| proliferation patterns of latent pneumocystis carinii in rat organs during progressive stages of immunosuppression. | 1992 | 1527778 | |
| molecular evolution of the fungi: human pathogens. | the morphological, ecological, and clinical diversity among ascomycete fungi that are pathogenic to humans suggest that the potential for pathogenicity may have arisen multiple times within these higher fungi. we have obtained 18s ribosomal dna sequences from a diverse group of human pathogenic fungi in order to determine their evolutionary origins. the fungi studied include a skin pathogen that is confined to humans (trichophyton rubrum) and three systemic, facultative parasites that cause hist ... | 1992 | 1528111 |
| [primary hepatic lymphoma in subjects with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. | in this study the authors describe a non-hodgkin's lymphoma histologically typed "large non-cleaved cell immunophenotype b cell", placed primitively into the liver. it affected a woman twenty seven years old, who contracted hiv infection due to heterosexual intercourse with at risk partner. at the time of diagnosis the woman was already considered aids patient on account of a previous pneumocystis carinii pneumoniae and severe immunodeficiency (dc4 = 13 cells/mm3). the patient received cycles of ... | 1992 | 1529146 |
| 120-kd surface glycoprotein of pneumocystis carinii is a ligand for surfactant protein a. | pneumocystis carinii is the most common cause of life-threatening pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. in the current study, surfactant protein a (sp-a), the major nonserum protein constituent of pulmonary surfactant, is demonstrated to bind p. carinii in a specific and saturable manner. sp-a is surface bound and does not appear to be internalized or degraded by the p. carinii organism. furthermore, sp-a binding to p. carinii is time- and calcium-dependent and is competitively inhibited by m ... | 1992 | 1530850 |
| new developments in the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and therapies to treat this infection are associated with frequent and severe morbidity in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). mortality rates remain in the 20 to 40 percent range for severe episodes. thus, less toxic and more effective therapies are needed. for mild-to-moderately severe episodes (pao2 greater than 70 mm hg or [a-a]do2 less than 35 mm hg), studies suggest that trimethoprim-dapsone, clindamycin-primaquine, and bw 566c80 may caus ... | 1992 | 1531191 |
| [pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a patient without any sign of immunodeficiency]. | 1992 | 1531265 | |
| pentamidine is an n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist and is neuroprotective in vitro. | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) is frequently associated with dementia. the wide spectrum of neurological abnormalities associated with this dementia may involve a neurotoxin that activates the nmda subtype of glutamate receptor in neurons. we have found that the antimicrobial agent pentamidine, which is prescribed for aids patients for the prophylaxis and treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, is an effective nmda receptor antagonist. pentamidine inhibited 3h-dizocilpine binding ... | 1992 | 1532027 |
| [pregnancy in hiv infected women. current therapeutic indications]. | this paper deals with the management of pregnant women with hiv infection. the virus is transmitted by the mother to 20-30 percent of the infants, and therapeutic abortion should be offered to women whose pregnancy does not exceed 26 weeks of amenorrhoea. if pregnancy is pursued, the mother must be investigated for sexually transmitted diseases which are particularly frequent in this population and may have repercussions on the newborn. pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is the most common opportuni ... | 1992 | 1532074 |
| efficacy of intermittent dosage of 8-aminoquinolines for therapy or prophylaxis of pneumocystis pneumonia in rats. | experimental 8-aminoquinolines from walter reed army institute for research are effective for prophylaxis or therapy of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in rat models. in the present study, primaquine, wr6026, and wr238605 were tested in prophylaxis and treatment models of p. carinii pneumonia to compare the effectiveness of continuous versus intermittent dosing. for treatment of p. carinii pneumonia, the drugs showed detectable effects when given once every 4 days (primaquine and wr6026 at doses ... | 1992 | 1532406 |
| trimetrexate for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with aids. | the primary objective of this article is to introduce readers to the use of a new agent, trimetrexate (tmtx), in the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). the article also gives the readers an overview of pcp and discusses some of the controversies surrounding it. pharmacokinetic data and clinical trials are reviewed, as well as adverse effects, drug interactions, and dosage guidelines. | 1992 | 1532518 |
| [spontaneous pneumothorax complicating cavitary pneumocystis carinii pneumonia treated with pleural talc in an aids infected patient]. | 1992 | 1532643 | |
| [pneumocystis carinii pneumonia complicated by compressive pneumomediastinum]. | 1992 | 1535144 | |
| construction of a genomic dna library of the toxoplasma gondii zs2 strain, screening of specific clones, and dna diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. | we have constructed a genomic dna library of the toxoplasma gondii zs2 strain and isolated a specific cloned dna sequence from this organism. the restriction map of this cloned 1.1-kb dna fragment was analyzed. southern and dot-blot analyses showed that the 32p-labeled dna fragment hybridized to parasite dna, to dnas from peripheral blood leukocytes and the thymus of baby pigs that were artificially infected with t. gondii, and to dnas of t. gondii-positive anencephalic and hydrocephalic fetuses ... | 1992 | 1536384 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia mimicking granulomatous lung disease. | a case of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome presented radiographically with upper lobe cavitation and association pleural thickening, mimicking granulomatous lung disease. the patient was diagnosed in our institution with transbronchial biopsies which showed p carinii organisms and foamy eosinophilic debris in the alveolar spaces. clinical and radiographic resolution occurred with trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole therapy. this particular radiographic pattern ... | 1992 | 1538186 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia complicating low dose methotrexate treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. | 1992 | 1539154 | |
| pentamidine blocks the pathophysiologic effects of endotoxemia through inhibition of cytokine release. | pentamidine isethionate, an antiprotozoal agent with therapeutic value against pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, has been used for over 30 years without a precise understanding of its mechanism of pharmacologic action. we have previously reported that pentamidine has the capacity to inhibit the release of cytokines from macrophages through a post-translational processing event. the present studies were undertaken to assess the ability of pentamidine to modulate the detrimental effects of murine en ... | 1992 | 1539159 |
| extrapulmonic pneumocystis carinii infection at a porta hepatis lymph node. | 1992 | 1539586 | |
| severe lymphocytic endothelialitis associated with coronary artery spasm in a heart transplant recipient. | coronary artery spasm plays an important role in ischemic heart disease, particularly variant angina. we report the case of a 59-year-old man who developed severe diffuse coronary artery spasm 11 months after he received a heart transplant. the spasm was reversed by a single dose of sublingual nitroglycerin; however, the patient died 9 days later of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. postmortem examination of this patient's heart revealed accelerated arteriosclerosis, with a prominent diffuse lymph ... | 1992 | 1540611 |
| lack of utility of bronchial brush biopsy in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. | while bronchoalveolar lavage has been shown to be more sensitive than brush biopsy (bb) for the diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids patients, some have reported that bb occasionally is positive in spite of a negative bal. many bronchoscopists, therefore, continue to perform routine bb when doing bronchoscopy on aids patients. we performed a retrospective study of all fiberoptic bronchoscopies done on human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients over a one-year period at our ins ... | 1992 | 1541132 |
| isolation and characterization of a recombinant antigen of pneumocystis carinii. | pneumocystis carinii contains a major group of antigens which migrates as a broad band of 45 to 55 kda and 35 to 45 kda in organisms derived from rats and humans, respectively. this complex is among the most common p. carinii antigens found in the respiratory tract and is recognized by serum antibodies of infected individuals. we have isolated a cdna clone encoding the 3' portion of a 45- to 55-kda antigen of rat-derived p. carinii. the predicted protein encoded by this cdna contains a distincti ... | 1992 | 1541564 |
| [surgical lung biopsy]. | open lung biopsy enables a diagnosis to be made in cases of diffuse infiltrative pulmonary disease. it was developed to aid the diagnosis of opportunistic infectious disease observed in virus infections in immune deficiency states and during transplants. open lung biopsy involves the partial resection of the lung parenchyma. the availability of the mechanical stapler has resolved the problem of parenchymal air leaks when suturing lung tissue. open lung biopsy should be carried out when endoscopi ... | 1992 | 1542745 |
| miliary pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | 1992 | 1543770 |