Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| perspectives on bioenergy and biotechnology in brazil. | brazil is one of the world's largest producers of alcohol from biomass at low cost and is responsible for more than 1 million direct jobs. in 1973, the brazilian program of alcohol (proalcool) stimulated the creation of a bioethanol industry that has led to large economic, social, and scientific improvements. in the year 1984, 94.5% of brazil's cars used bioethanol as fuel. in 2003/2004, 350.3 million of sugarcane produced 24.2 million t of sugar and 14.4 billion l of ethanol for an average 4.3 ... | 2005 | 15917587 |
| lipase production by solid-state fermentation: cultivation conditions and operation of tray and packed-bed bioreactors. | the production of lipase by penicillium simplicissimum in solid-state fermentation was studied using babassu cake as the basal medium. tray-type and packed-bed bioreactors were employed. in the former, the influence of temperature; content of the medium, and medium supplementation with olive oil, sugarcane molasses, corn steep liquor, and yeast hydrolysate was studied. for all combinations of supplements, a temperature of 30 degrees c, a moisture content of 70%, and a concentration of carbon sou ... | 2005 | 15917592 |
| sugarcane bagasse pulps: biobleaching with commercial cartazyme hs and with bacillus pumilus xylanase. | organosolv (ethanol/water and acetosolv) pulps were treated with bacillus pumilus xylanase for 4, 8, and 12 h and compared with commercial cartazyme hs xylanase-treated pulps. treatment of ethanol/water pulps with b. pumilus xylanase increased viscosity by 40% in 8 h of treatment compared with pulps treated without enzyme. however, acetosolv pulps treated with b. pumilus xylanase lost viscosity. ethanol/water pulps treated with cartazyme had a viscosity of 18.5 cp in 4 h of treatment. in the ace ... | 2005 | 15917597 |
| enzymatic bleaching of organosolv sugarcane bagasse pulps with recombinant xylanase of the fungus humicola grisea and with commercial cartazyme hs xylanase. | organosolv (ethanol/water and acetosolv) pulps were treated with humicola grisea var. thermoidea and compared with cartazyme hs xylanase-treated pulp. the ethanol/water pulps treated with h. grisea had the same viscosity as unbleached pulps (8 cp). ethanol/water pulps treated with cartazyme had higher viscosity than h. grisea-treated pulps (12 cp). acetosolv pulps treated with h. grisea and cartazyme presented a reduction in viscosity; however, the pulps treated with h. grisea had a lower reduct ... | 2005 | 15917599 |
| evaluation of inoculum of candida guilliermondii grown in presence of glucose on xylose reductase and xylitol dehydrogenase activities and xylitol production during batch fermentation of sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate. | the effect of glucose on xylose-xylitol metabolism in fermentation medium consisting of sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate was evaluated by employing an inoculum of candida guilliermondii grown in synthetic media containing, as carbon sources, glucose (30 g/l), xylose (30 g/l), or a mixture of glucose (2 g/l) and xylose (30 g/l). the inoculum medium containing glucose promoted a 2.5-fold increase in xylose reductase activity (0.582 iu/mgprot) and a 2-fold increase in xylitol dehydrogenase activity (0 ... | 2005 | 15917619 |
| sugarcane bagasse as raw material and immobilization support for xylitol production. | xylose-to-xylitol bioconversion was performed utilizing candida guilliermondii immobilized in sugarcane bagasse and cultured in erlenmeyer flasks using sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate as the source of xylose. fermentations were carried out according to a factorial design, and the independent variables considered were treatment, average diameter, and amount of bagasse used as support for cell immobilization. by increasing the amount of support, the xylitol yield decreased, whereas the biomass yield ... | 2005 | 15920271 |
| ceriporiopsis subvermispora used in delignification of sugarcane bagasse prior to soda/anthraquinone pulping. | sugarcane bagasse was pretreated with the white-rot fungus ceriporiopsis subvermispora for 30 d of incubation. the solid-state fermentation of 800 g of bagasse was carried out in 20-l bioreactors with an inoculum charge of 250 mg of fungal mycelium/kg of bagasse. the oxidative enzymes manganese peroxidase (mnp), lignin peroxidase (lip), and laccase (lac) and the hydrolytic enzyme xylanase (xyl) were measured by standard methods and related to the fungus's potential for delignification. among the ... | 2005 | 15920273 |
| optimization of acid hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse and investigations on its fermentability for the production of xylitol by candida guilliermondii. | the dilute-acid hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse was optimized using a statistical experimental design resulting in hydrolysates containing 57.25 g/l of xylose, which were fermented with a high inoculum concentration (10 g/l of the yeast candida guilliermondii im/ufrj 50088). the addition of urea reduced the time of conversion (tc) to 75 h (without nitrogen source addition tc > 127 h), and, consequently, improving the rates of xylitol bioproduction. fermentator experiments, using the optimized co ... | 2005 | 15920277 |
| nitrogenase proteins from gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus, a sugarcane-colonizing bacterium. | gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus pal-5 grew well and expressed nitrogenase activity in the absence of nh4+ and at initial o2 concentrations greater than 5% in the culture atmosphere. g. diazotrophicus nitrogenase consisted of two components, gd1 and gd2, which were difficult to separate but were purified individually to homogeneity. their compositions were very similar to those of azotobacter vinelandii nitrogenase, however, all subunits were slightly smaller in size. the purified gd1 protein co ... | 2005 | 15925553 |
| chemical and biological changes during composting of different organic wastes and assessment of compost maturity. | changes in organic c, total n, c:n ratio, activities of cellulase, xylanase and protease, and microbial population were determined during composting of different organic wastes such as mixture of sugarcane trash and cattle dung, press mud, poultry waste and water hyacinth biomass. there were losses of n in poultry waste and water hyacinth with the effect an initial increase in c:n ratio was observed which decreased later on due to decomposition. the activities of cellulase, xylanase and protease ... | 2005 | 15978991 |
| beta-methyl-xyloside: positive effect on xylanase induction in cellulomonas flavigena. | synthesis of extracellular xylanase in cellulomonas flavigena is induced in the presence of xylan and sugarcane bagasse as substrates. the essential factors for efficient production of xylanase are the appropriate medium composition and an inducing substrate. the increase in xylanase production levels in c. flavigena were tested with a number of carbon sources and different culture conditions. xylose, arabinose, glycerol and glucose did not induce xylanase production in this microorganism. beta- ... | 2005 | 15986227 |
| functional gna expressed in escherichia coli with high efficiency and its effect on ceratovacuna lanigera zehntner. | the mannose-specific gna (galanthus nivalis agglutinin, snowdrop lectin) are the resistant proteins with many bioactivities. snowdrop lectin is different with plant organs and development periods in lectin species, content, and bioactivities. it is an effective and cheap way to obtain much active gna through overexpression of gna gene in escherichia coli. constructs encoding mature gna fused with an n-terminal pelb signal sequence protein (pelb) were expressed in e. coli with high efficiency. re ... | 2005 | 16001253 |
| reduced susceptibility to tebufenozide in populations of the sugarcane borer (lepidoptera: crambidae) in louisiana. | susceptibility of the sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis (f.), to tebufenozide was measured using a feeding bioassay, and values obtained were compared with baselines generated before the use of this insecticide in louisiana sugarcane, saccharum spp. results from our study suggest that susceptibility to tebufenozide is decreasing in field-collected sugarcane borers. inflections in the log dosage-probit lines were detected for many of the field collections, indicating increased heterogeneity w ... | 2005 | 16022328 |
| production of biologically active gm-csf in sugarcane: a secure biofactory. | over 300 transgenic sugarcane plants representing approx. 200 independent lines producing the human cytokine granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (gm-csf) were analyzed for recombinant protein accumulation and activity levels. expression constructs differed in use of the maize polyubiquitin 1, mubi-1, or the sugarcane polyubiquitin 9, scubi9, promoters; presence or absence of a c-terminal hdel tag for er retention; and presence or absence of a 6x histidine tag for metal ion affinity ... | 2005 | 16022388 |
| on-line identification of sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.) methoxyflavones by liquid chromatography-uv detection using post-column derivatization and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. | sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l., gramineae) bagasse and leaves were investigated for their flavonoid content and transgenic sugarcane ("bowman-birk" and "kunitz") was compared with non-modified ("control") plants. analyses were carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array uv detection (lc/uv), also using post-column addition of shift reagents, and tandem ms (atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-ms/ms and collision-induced dissociation-ms). on-line uv and m ... | 2005 | 16038194 |
| design, development, and use of molecular primers and probes for the detection of gluconacetobacter species in the pink sugarcane mealybug. | molecular tools for the species-specific detection of gluconacetobacter sacchari, gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus, and gluconacetobacter liquefaciens from the pink sugarcane mealybug (psmb) saccharicoccus sacchari cockerell (homiptera: pseudococcidae) were developed and used in polymerase chain reactions (pcr) and in fluorescence in situ hybridizations (fish) to better understand the microbial diversity and the numerical significance of the acetic acid bacteria in the psmb microenvironment. the ... | 2005 | 16047097 |
| the diversity of banana streak virus isolates in uganda. | in a study of the variation among isolates of banana streak virus (bsv) in uganda, 140 sequences were obtained from 49 samples by pcr across the conserved reverse transcriptase/rnaseh region of the genome. pairwise comparison of these sequences suggested that they represented 15 different species and phylogenetic analyses showed that all species fell into three major clades based on 28% sequence difference. in addition to the ugandan sequences, clade i also contained bsv species that are known a ... | 2005 | 16096705 |
| xanthomonas albilineans htpg is required for biosynthesis of the antibiotic and phytotoxin albicidin. | xanthomonas albilineans, the causal agent of leaf scald disease of sugarcane, produces a highly potent polyketide-peptide antibiotic and phytotoxin called albicidin. previous studies established the involvement of a large cluster of genes in the biosynthesis of this toxin. we report here the sub-cloning and sequencing of an additional gene outside of the main cluster and essential for albicidin biosynthesis. this gene encodes a 634-amino-acid protein that shows high identity with the escherichia ... | 2005 | 16102911 |
| effect of d-003 on intravascular platelet aggregation induced with collagen in rats. | d-003 is a mixture of higher aliphatic primary acids purified from sugar-cane (saccharum officinarum l.) wax that inhibits platelet aggregation induced ex vivo by addition of agonists to platelet-rich plasma (prp) of rats, guinea pigs, and healthy human volunteers. because the ex vivo platelet aggregation model does not mimic properly platelet aggregation occurring inside the arteries, since all blood factors regulating the formation of a platelet aggregate or thrombus are not present in prp, th ... | 2005 | 16117616 |
| effect of d-003 on intimal thickening and circulating endothelial cells in rabbit cuffed carotid artery. | d-003 is a mixture of very-high-molecular-weight aliphatic primary acids purified from sugar-cane (saccharum officinarum l.) wax, in which octacosanoic acid is the most abundant component. previous experimental studies have shown that d-003 not only shows cholesterol-lowering and anti-platelet effects, but also reduces thromboxane b2 and increases prostacyclin levels. it acts by inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis. the positioning of a non-occlusive silicone collar around the rabbit carotid arte ... | 2005 | 16117617 |
| a loop 2 cytidine-stem 1 minor groove interaction as a positive determinant for pseudoknot-stimulated -1 ribosomal frameshifting. | the molecular determinants of stimulation of -1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting (-1 prf) by rna pseudoknots are poorly understood. sugarcane yellow leaf virus (scylv) encodes a 28-nt mrna pseudoknot that promotes -1 prf between the p1 (protease) and p2 (polymerase) genes in plant luteoviruses. the solution structure of the scylv pseudoknot reveals a well ordered loop 2 (l2) that exhibits continuous stacking of a20 through c27 in the minor groove of the upper stem 1 (s1), with c25 flipped out ... | 2005 | 16123125 |
| purification of xylitol from fermented hemicellulosic hydrolyzate using liquid-liquid extraction and precipitation techniques. | xylitol was produced by candida guilliermondii by fermentation of sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate. undesirable impurities were extracted from the broth using either ethyl acetate, chloroform or dichloromethane. the best results on clarification of the broth without xylitol loss were obtained with ethyl acetate. when ethanol, acetone or tetrahydrofuran were used for precipitation of impurities, only tetrahydrofuran clarified the fermented broth, but a high xylitol loss (approximately ... | 2005 | 16132861 |
| genetic variants of banana streak virus in mauritius. | genetic variations among isolates of banana streak virus (bsv) were assessed using two sets of primers. the virus, found in banana accessions in mauritius, was compared to a nigerian isolate from cultivar obino l'ewai (bsoev). on the basis of the observed size of amplicons, some mauritius strains were different from l'ewai bsoev. both southern blot hybridization and the nucleotide sequences of the pcr products confirmed that they were of episomal bsv origin. an isolate of sugarcane bacilliform v ... | 2006 | 16143419 |
| study on ground water characteristics and the effects of discharged effluents from textile units at karur district. | a study was made on the physico-chemical characteristics of water samples mixed with effluent discharged from textile industries at chellandipalayam (site--i), senaparatti (site--ii) and pasupathipalayam (sites--iii and iv) revealed the elevated levels of ca, mg, na, cr, k, ni, cu, zn, co3, so4, no3 and cl- . the concentrations of these ions exceeded the limit prescribed by isi. the increase in the concentrations of ions was revealed by higher values of electrical conductivity (ec). water at the ... | 2005 | 16161984 |
| ultrastructural study of the salivary glands of the sugarcane spittlebug mahanarva fimbriolata (stal, 1854) (euhemiptera: cercopidae). | spittlebugs are insects that suck sap from plants and regurgitate saliva containing toxic enzymes into the leaves. as a consequence, the conductive channels are blocked resulting in dry leaves, thus giving a burned aspect to the plantation. this work performed ultrastructural analyses of the salivary glands of the sugarcane spittlebug mahanarva fimbriolata, since these organs produce the enzymes that are injected into the plants, thus being responsible for the economic losses in the production o ... | 2006 | 16171997 |
| soil erosion and non-point source pollution impacts assessment with the aid of multi-temporal remote sensing images. | soil erosion associated with non-point source pollution is viewed as a process of land degradation in many terrestrial environments. careful monitoring and assessment of land use variations with different temporal and spatial scales would reveal a fluctuating interface, punctuated by changes in rainfall and runoff, movement of people, perturbation from environmental disasters, and shifts in agricultural activities and cropping patterns. the use of multi-temporal remote sensing images in support ... | 2006 | 16182435 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of coat protein gene for characterization of sugarcane mosaic virus isolated from sugarcane and maize in thailand. | three isolates of sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) from sugarcane and maize in thailand, were selected and used as viral sources for coat protein (cp) genes cloning by immunocapture reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (ic-rt-pcr). the cp gene sequences and their deduced amino acids were determined. the sequences of three cloned cp genes, ut6th-sgc and ud7th-sgc from sugarcane, and sbc2th-mz from maize were compared with other previously reported sequences of scmv-cp gene and their phylo ... | 2006 | 16195785 |
| effects of sulfuric acid loading and residence time on the composition of sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate and its use as a source of xylose for xylitol bioproduction. | a 2(2) full factorial design was employed to evaluate the effects of sulfuric acid loading and residence time on the composition of sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate obtained in a 250-l reactor. the acid loading and the residence time were varied from 70 to 130 mg acid per gram of dry bagasse and from 10 to 30 min, respectively, while the temperature (121 degrees c) and the bagasse loading (10%) were kept constant. both the sulfuric acid loading and the residence time influenced the concentrations o ... | 2013 | 16209549 |
| interactions between acetoin, a plant volatile, and pheromone in rhynchophorus palmarum: behavioral and olfactory neuron responses. | aggregation of rhynchophorus palmarum weevils on host plants is mediated by a male pheromone (rhynchophorol: r) and host-plant volatiles (pvs) acting in synergy. synthetic pv blends synergizing pheromone contain acetoin (a) and ethyl acetate (etac). r, a, and etac are detected by specialized olfactory receptor neurons (orns). in addition, particular types of orns are tuned to both a and r. to specify the role played by acetoin in pheromone perception, we recorded the responses of orns to 100 ng ... | 2005 | 16222808 |
| antagonism of gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus (a sugarcane endosymbiont) against xanthomonas albilineans (pathogen) studied in alginate-immobilized sugarcane stalk tissues. | xanthomonas albilineans, a pathogenic bacterium that produces leaf scald disease of sugarcane, secretes a xanthan-like gum that invades both xylem and phloem of the host. xanthan production has been verified after experimental infection of stalk segments of healthy plants. moreover, gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus is a nitrogen-fixing endosymbiont of sugarcane plants that antagonizes with x. albilineans by impeding the production of the bacterial gum. the physiological basis of this antagonism ... | 2005 | 16233803 |
| isolation from gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus cell walls of specific receptors for sugarcane glycoproteins, which act as recognition factors. | glycoproteins from sugarcane stalks have been isolated from plants field-grown by size-exclusion chromatography. some of these glycoproteins, previously labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate, are able to bind to the cell wall of the sugarcane endophyte, n2-fixing gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus, and largely removed after washing the bacterial cells with sucrose. this implies that sugarcane glycoproteins use beta-(1-->2)-fructofuranosyl fructose domains in their glycosidic moiety to bind to s ... | 2005 | 16233885 |
| xylitol production from corn fiber and sugarcane bagasse hydrolysates by candida tropicalis. | a natural isolate, candida tropicalis was tested for xylitol production from corn fiber and sugarcane bagasse hydrolysates. fermentation of corn fiber and sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate showed xylose uptake and xylitol production, though these were very low, even after hydrolysate neutralization and treatments with activated charcoal and ion exchange resins. initial xylitol production was found to be 0.43 g/g and 0.45 g/g of xylose utilised with corn fiber and sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate respec ... | 2006 | 16242318 |
| l(+)-lactic acid production using lactobacillus casei in solid-state fermentation. | lactobacillus casei was grown at 37 degrees c on sugarcane bagasse (5 g) soaked with cassava starch hydrolysate (final moistening volume 34 ml) containing 3 g reducing sugar in a solid-state condition. the maximum yield of l-lactic acid after various process optimisations was 2.9 g/5 g initial substrate corresponding to 97% conversion of sugar to lactic acid with initial substrate moisture of 72%. | 2005 | 16247675 |
| cowpea (vigna unguiculata) vicilins bind to the peritrophic membrane of larval sugarcane stalk borer (diatraea saccharalis). | in this work, we show that vicilins from two vigna unguiculata (cowpea) genotypes, epace-10 and it 81d-1045, which are susceptible and resistant to attack by the cowpea weevil callosobruchus maculatus, respectively, associate with the peritrophic membrane (pm) from larvae of diatraea saccharalis. solutions with increasing concentrations of vicilins were incubated with pm of the larvae and subsequently analysed by electrophoresis with sds. it was observed that the majority of the bands of approxi ... | 2003 | 16256689 |
| 'candidatus phytoplasma graminis' and 'candidatus phytoplasma caricae', two novel phytoplasmas associated with diseases of sugarcane, weeds and papaya in cuba. | during 2003, surveys of sugarcane yellow leaf disease and papaya bunchy top-like disease were carried out on plantations in havana province, cuba, to determine the roles of weeds and auchenorrhyncha insects in the epidemiology of these diseases. more than 250 plant and insect samples were collected and indexed by using a nested pcr for phytoplasma 16s rdna with the generic primer pairs p1/p7 and r16f2n/r16r2. the pcr products were further characterized by restriction fragment length polymorphism ... | 2005 | 16280510 |
| host refractoriness of the tobacco hornworm, manduca sexta, to the braconid endoparasitoid cotesia flavipes. | cotesia flavipes (hymenoptera:braconidae) is a gregarious endoparasitoid of several pyralid stemborer larvae of economic significance including the sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis. in this study, the ability of this parasitoid to develop in a sphingid host, manduca sexta, was tested. first, second, third, fourth, and even pharate fifth instar host tobacco hornworm larvae were readily parasitized by the female c. flavipes parasitoids but no wasp larvae hatched from the eggs in this refracto ... | 2005 | 16304618 |
| development of an integrated genetic map of a sugarcane (saccharum spp.) commercial cross, based on a maximum-likelihood approach for estimation of linkage and linkage phases. | sugarcane (saccharum spp.) is a clonally propagated outcrossing polyploid crop of great importance in tropical agriculture. up to now, all sugarcane genetic maps had been developed using either full-sib progenies derived from interspecific crosses or from selfing, both approaches not directly adopted in conventional breeding. we have developed a single integrated genetic map using a population derived from a cross between two pre-commercial cultivars ('sp80-180' x 'sp80-4966') using a novel appr ... | 2006 | 16307229 |
| determination of flavonoids in cultivated sugarcane leaves, bagasse, juice and in transgenic sugarcane by liquid chromatography-uv detection. | a high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) method with photo-diode array (dad) detection was developed to separate and quantify flavonoids in sugarcane leaves and bagasse (= the crushed sugarcane refuse from juice extraction), and in sugarcane juice. sugarcane flavonoids consist of a complex mixture of aglycones and glycosides (including flavonolignan glycosides), and the hplc-uv method herein proposed is suitable for their quantification as total flavonoids. this method was applied to anal ... | 2006 | 16310199 |
| variables that affect xylitol production from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate in a zeolite fluidized bed reactor. | the operational conditions for xylitol production by fermentation of sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate in a fluidized bed reactor with cells immobilized on zeolite were evaluated. fermentations were carried out under different conditions of air flowrate (0.0125-0.0375 vvm), zeolite mass (100-200 g), initial ph (4-6), and xylose concentration (40-60 g/l), according to a 2(4) full factorial design. the air flowrate increase resulted in a metabolic deviation from product to biomass formation. on the ot ... | 2013 | 16321046 |
| coat protein gene sequence of a mexican isolate of sugarcane mosaic virus and its infectivity in maize and sugarcane plants. | 2006 | 16328150 | |
| antagonism among gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus strains in culture media and in endophytic association. | in this study the antagonistic activity among 55 gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus strains, belonging to 13 electrophoretic types (ets), in culture media was analyzed. antagonistic effects were seen only in strains belonging to two ets named et-1 and et-3. two out of 29 et-1 strains, and 3 out of 7 et-3 strains of g. diazotrophicus showed antagonistic effects against many other strains belonging to all the ets of this species analyzed, and against closely related strains of gluconacetobacter spec ... | 2005 | 16329972 |
| recombinant expression, purification, and functional analysis of two novel cystatins from sugarcane (saccharum officinarum). | phytocystatins are cysteine proteinase inhibitors from plants implicated in the endogenous regulation of protein turnover, programmed cell death, and in defense mechanisms against pathogens. to date, only few cystatin genes have been characterized in most plant species. we have previously characterized the protein canecystatin, the first cystatin described in sugarcane. in an attempt to study novel canecystatins, we identified two orfs encoding cystatins (referred as canecpi-2 and canecpi-3) usi ... | 2006 | 16330226 |
| microbial activity in organic soils as affected by soil depth and crop. | the microbial activity of pahokee muck, a lithic medisaprist, and the effect of various environmental factors, such as position in the profile and type of plant cover, were examined. catabolic activity for [7-c]salicylic acid, [1,4-c]succinate, and [1,2-c]acetate remained reasonably constant in surface (0 to 10 cm) soil samples from a fallow (bare) field from late in the wet season (may to september) through january. late in january, the microbial activity toward all three compounds decreased ap ... | 1979 | 16345393 |
| biology of azospirillum-sugarcane association: enhancement of nitrogenase activity. | azospirillum brasilense was reisolated from associations with callus tissue cultures of sugarcane and compared with stock cultures of the inoculated bacterium and related strains. although the reisolate had a growth rate similar to stock cultures, it exhibited a severalfold increase in maximum specific activity of nitrogenase. the reisolate and the parent culture had similar ultrastructure. the general ultrastructure of azospirillum is described. the bacterium was capsulated when grown on nitrog ... | 1980 | 16345531 |
| single-strain versus multistrain inoculation: effect of soil mineral n availability on rhizobial strain effectiveness and competition for nodulation on chick-pea, soybean, and dry bean. | the nitrogen-fixing effectiveness of multistrain inoculants was found to be determined by both the effectiveness of the component strains and the percentage of the nodules occupied by them. multistrain formulations were always either as good as the most effective single-strain inoculant or intermediate between the most and the least effective. the percentage of nodules occupied and the amount of nitrogen fixed by the component strains of a multistrain inoculant showed highly significant linear c ... | 1990 | 16348337 |
| degradation of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane by a soil bacterium under aerobic conditions. | a pseudomonas sp., isolated from sugarcane rhizosphere soil, readily metabolized not only alpha and gamma isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane, but also the thermodynamically more stable beta isomer, under aerobic conditions. bacterial degradation of the three isomers led to the accumulation of a transitory metabolite and eventual release of covalently linked chlorine as chloride in stoichiometric amounts. | 1990 | 16348365 |
| construction of a bioinsecticidal strain of pseudomonas fluorescens active against the sugarcane borer, eldana saccharina. | a cryia(c) gene was cloned from a native bacillus thuringiensis strain showing activity against the sugarcane borer, eldana saccharina. the sequence of the cloned gene was very similar to that of the b. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki hd-73 cryia(c) gene. the gene was introduced into an isolate of pseudomonas fluorescens, capable of colonizing sugarcane, on two broad-host-range plasmids, pder405 and pkt240, having copy numbers of 13 and 28, respectively. by using the omegon-km vector, the cry gene ... | 1994 | 16349194 |
| limited genetic diversity in the endophytic sugarcane bacterium acetobacter diazotrophicus. | acetobacter diazotrophicus isolates that originated from different sugarcane cultivars growing in diverse geographic regions of mexico and brazil were shown to have limited genetic diversity. measurements of polymorphism in the electrophoretic mobilities of metabolic enzymes revealed that the mean genetic diversity per enzyme locus (among the four electrophoretic types distinguished) was 0.064. the results of the genetic analysis indicate that the genetic structure of a. diazotrophicus is clonal ... | 1994 | 16349254 |
| nitrogen compounds in the apoplastic sap of sugarcane stem: some implications in the association with endophytes. | several nitrogen compounds were identified and quantified in the apoplastic and symplastic sap of sugarcane stems. the sap of stems was composed mainly of soluble sugars, which constituted 95% of the total organic compounds detected. sap also contained nitrogen compounds, with amino acids (50-70% of n) and proteins (20-30% of n), being the main nitrogenous substances, as well as inorganic forms as ammonium, nitrite and nitrate, in low concentrations (<20% of n). serine, proline, alanine and aspa ... | 2006 | 16360806 |
| effect of d-003, a mixture of very-long-chain aliphatic acids purified from sugarcane wax, on cerebral ischemia in mongolian gerbils. | d-003 is a mixture of very-high-molecular-weight aliphatic acids purified from sugar cane wax (saccharum officinarum), which inhibits platelet aggregation and lipid peroxidation. the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of d-003 on cerebral ischemia induced by ischemia-reperfusion (i-r) in mongolian gerbils. two experimental series were conducted. the first series investigated the effects of d-003 on cerebral edema, neurological symptoms, and mortality in mongolian gerbils w ... | 2005 | 16379559 |
| identification of sugarcane genes induced in disease-resistant somaclones upon inoculation with ustilago scitaminea or bipolaris sacchari. | to understand the molecular basis of a specific plant-pathogen interaction, it is important to identify plant genes that respond to the pathogen attack. amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) analysis of cdna was used to identify sugarcane genes differentially expressed in disease-resistant but not in susceptible sugarcane somaclones in response to inoculation with either ustilago scitaminea or bipolaris sacchari (also known as helminthosporium sacchari or drechslera sacchari), causal age ... | 2005 | 16386426 |
| the effect of d-003 (10 mg/day) on biochemical parameters of bone remodelling in postmenopausal women: a randomized, double-blind study. | biphosphonates, which are antiresorptive agents used to treat osteoporosis, inhibit the mevalonate pathway, preventing protein prenylation and inhibiting osteoclast activity. statins decrease cholesterol biosynthesis by blocking the mevalonate pathway and have been reported to have beneficial effects on bone. d-003 is a mixture of high molecular weight acids purified from sugarcane wax that inhibits cholesterol biosynthesis before mevalonate production. d-003 prevents bone loss and resorption in ... | 2005 | 16402634 |
| regeneration of sugarcane elite breeding lines and engineering of stem borer resistance. | five elite sugarcane breeding lines were tested for efficiency in embryogenesis and plant regeneration. all of them produced regenerative embryogenic calli but with varied efficiencies. to engineer strongly insect-resistant sugarcanes, the gc content of a truncated cry1ac gene, which encodes the active region of cry1ac insecticidal delta-endotoxin, was increased from the original 37.4 to 47.5% following the sugarcane codon usage pattern. the synthetic cry1ac gene (s-cry1ac) was placed under the ... | 2006 | 16408322 |
| comparison of the effects of d-003, a mixture of high-molecular-weight aliphatic acids from sugarcane wax, and pravastatin on bones and osteoclast apoptosis of ovariectomized rats. | the mevalonate pathway is relevant in bone cells. statins inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a (hmg-coa) reductase, the key enzyme of this route, stimulating osteoblast differentiation and activity. pravastatin increases bone formation markers in postmenopausal women and bone density in diabetics. d-003 is a mixture of high-molecular-weight acids purified from sugarcane wax which inhibits cholesterol biosynthesis through hmg-coa reductase regulation, preventing bone loss in osteoporosis ... | 2005 | 16425974 |
| [the sugarcane juice was delicious, but...]. | 2006 | 16429196 | |
| effects of d-003 (5-200 mg/kg), a mixture of high molecular weight aliphatic acids from sugarcane wax, on bones and bone cell apoptosis in ovariectomized rats. | the mevalonate pathway is crucial for osteoclast function. d-003 is a mixture of high molecular weight acids purified from sugarcane wax, which inhibits cholesterol biosynthesis through hmg-coa reductase regulation. d-003 administered at 50 and 200 mg/kg for 12 weeks prevented bone loss in ovariectomized rats, increasing osteoclast apoptosis. the present study investigated whether the effects of d-003 on bone resorption and osteoclast apoptosis are dose-dependent. rats were randomized into seven ... | 2005 | 16440587 |
| yellow leaf of sugarcane is caused by at least three different genotypes of sugarcane yellow leaf virus, one of which predominates on the island of réunion. | the genetic diversity of sugarcane yellow leaf virus (scylv) was analyzed with 43 virus isolates from réunion island and 17 isolates from world-wide locations. we attempted to amplify by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr), clone, and sequence four different fragments covering 72% of the genome of these virus isolates. the number of amplified isolates and useful sequence information varied according to each fragment, whereas an amplicon was obtained with diagnostic primers f ... | 2006 | 16453082 |
| evaluation of sugarcane by-product pressmud as a manure in carp culture. | the effectiveness of pressmud, a sugarcane by-product, was tested as a manure in the production of natural food and carp, by conducting two experiments. the first experiment, of 5 weeks duration, examined the effect of pressmud addition on water quality and natural food production. this study was carried out in fibreglass tubs (1.54 m3) with a 5 cm mud layer, employing pressmud at dosages of 5000, 10,000 and 15,000 kg ha(-1) for treatments t1, t2 and t3, respectively. unfertilized tubs served as ... | 2006 | 16459356 |
| the plant energy-dissipating mitochondrial systems: depicting the genomic structure and the expression profiles of the gene families of uncoupling protein and alternative oxidase in monocots and dicots. | the simultaneous existence of alternative oxidases and uncoupling proteins in plants has raised the question as to why plants need two energy-dissipating systems with apparently similar physiological functions. a probably complete plant uncoupling protein gene family is described and the expression profiles of this family compared with the multigene family of alternative oxidases in arabidopsis thaliana and sugarcane (saccharum sp.) employed as dicot and monocot models, respectively. in total, s ... | 2006 | 16473895 |
| isolation of saccharomyces cerevisiae strains producing higher levels of flavoring compounds for production of "cachaça" the brazilian sugarcane spirit. | in brazil, spontaneous fermentation and open vessels are still used to produce cachaça (the brazilian sugarcane spirit) and this fermentation is characterized by mixed cultures with continuous succession of yeast species. this work shows the development of a methodology for isolation of yeasts, particularly saccharomyces cerevisiae, used in the production of cachaça. according to the proposed strategy, the strains were selected for their ability to adapt to stress conditions encountered during f ... | 2006 | 16481057 |
| selection and identification of fungi isolated from sugarcane bagasse and their application for phenanthrene removal from soil. | this work investigated the identification and selection of fungi isolated from sugarcane bagasse and their application for phenanthrene (phe) removal from soil. fungi were identified by pcr amplification of its regions as aspergillus terrus, aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillus niger, penicillium glabrum and cladosporium cladosporioides. a primary selection of fungi was accomplished in plate, considering phe tolerance of every strain in two different media: potato dextrose agar (pda) and minera ... | 2006 | 16484077 |
| quantitative trait loci identified for sugar related traits in a sugarcane (saccharum spp.) cultivar x saccharum officinarum population. | the identification of markers linked to quantitative trait loci (qtls) for increased sugar accumulation could improve the effectiveness of current breeding strategies in sugarcane. progeny from a cross between a high sucrose producing cultivar, (denotes australian plant breeding rights), and a saccharum officinarum clone, ij76-514 were grown in two field experiments in different years, and evaluated in the early and mid-season phases of crop maturity, to identify robust qtls in affecting sucrose ... | 2006 | 16508765 |
| symbiosome-like intracellular colonization of cereals and other crop plants by nitrogen-fixing bacteria for reduced inputs of synthetic nitrogen fertilizers. | it has been forecast that the challenge of meeting increased food demand and protecting environmental quality will be won or lost in maize, rice and wheat cropping systems, and that the problem of environmental nitrogen enrichment is most likely to be solved by substituting synthetic nitrogen fertilizers by the creation of cereal crops that are able to fix nitrogen symbiotically as legumes do. in legumes, rhizobia present intracellularly in membrane-bound vesicular compartments in the cytoplasm ... | 2005 | 16512210 |
| further evidence that the n(inf2)-fixing endophytic bacterium from the intercellular spaces of sugarcane stems is acetobacter diazotrophicus. | nitrogen-fixing bacteria, isolated from the sugar solution in intercellular spaces of sugarcane stems, were compared with the type strain of acetobacter diazotrophicus (pal-5) and found to be congruent with it in all characters studied. these characters were 37 morphological and biochemical tests, cellular fatty acid composition, and nitrogenase activity. the nitrogenase activity was measured by acetylene reduction and h(inf2) evolution and found to be unusual in that the h(inf2) evolution was s ... | 1995 | 16535026 |
| genetic structure of acetobacter diazotrophicus populations and identification of a new genetically distant group. | a total of 55 isolates of acetobacter diazotrophicus recovered from diverse sucrose-rich host plants and from mealybugs associated with sugarcane plants were characterized by the electrophoretic mobilities of 12 metabolic enzymes. we identified seven different electrophoretic types (ets), six of which are closely related within a genetic distance of 0.195 and exhibit high dna-dna homology. the seventh et was largely divergent, separated at a genetic distance of 0.53, and had only 54% dna homolog ... | 1995 | 16535102 |
| comparative susceptibility of european corn borer, southwestern corn borer, and sugarcane borer (lepidoptera: crambidae) to cry1ab protein in a commercial bacillus thuringiensis corn hybrid. | one field strain each of the european corn borer, ostrinia nubilalis (hübner); southwestern corn borer, diatraea grandiosella dyar; and sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis (f.); were collected from cornfields in northeastern louisiana. susceptibilities of the field strain and a corresponding laboratory strain of the three borer species to cry1ab protein in dk69-70 bacillus thuringiensis (bt) corn hybrid were determined by exposing neonates to intact leaf tissues from whorl stage plants or by f ... | 2006 | 16573340 |
| characterization of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) produced by cupriavidus necator in solid-state fermentation. | solid-state fermentation (ssf) has recently been proposed as an alternative to submerged fermentation for the production of poly(hydroxyalkanoates). in the present work, x-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy were employed to investigate the chemical structure, as well as the thermal properties and the crystalline morphology of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) samples produced by ssf, using as raw material either soy cake or soy cake sup ... | 2007 | 16580194 |
| biochemical basis of the resistance of sugarcane to eyespot disease. | helminthosporoside is the host-specific toxin produced by helminthosporium sacchari, the organism causing eyespot disease on sugarcane. clones of sugarcane susceptible to the toxin posses a membrane protein that binds the toxin. membranes of resistant clones do not bind the toxin. in this study, a binding protein from a susceptible clone was compared with its counterpart from a resistant clone. the protein from the resistant clone did not bind the toxin unless it was first treated with mild dete ... | 1973 | 16592091 |
| serinol as an activator of toxin production in attenuated cultures of helminthosporium sacchari. | successive transfer in synthetic medium of spores and mycelial fragments from original toxin-producing cultures of helminthosporium sacchari results in attenuated cultures which do not produce the host-specific toxin helminthosporoside. when attenuated cultures are grown on material obtained from the water wash of sugarcane leaves susceptible to this fungus, the production of heminthosporoside resumes. compounds that activate toxin production in the fungus are present on the leaf surface and pre ... | 1976 | 16592362 |
| somatic hybridization in the gramineae: saccharum officinarum l. (sugarcane) and pennisetum americanum (l.) k. schum. (pearl millet). | somatic hybrid cell lines with embryogenic capacity were obtained by fusion of protoplasts isolated from an embryogenic cell line of sugarcane with inactivated protoplasts of an s-(2-aminoethyl)-l-cysteine (aet-cys)-resistant cell line of pearl millet. initial selection for putative hybrids was performed by plating protoplast-derived microcolonies onto medium containing 300 mug of aet-cys per ml. calli growing in the presence of aet-cys were screened with respect to their electrophoretic pattern ... | 1986 | 16593739 |
| comparison of stir bar sorptive extraction and membrane-assisted solvent extraction as enrichment techniques for the determination of pesticide and benzo[a]pyrene residues in brazilian sugarcane juice. | the present work compares two modern and environmentally friendly enrichment techniques, stir bar sorptive extraction (sbse) and membrane-assisted solvent extraction (mase) for the determination of 18 organic contaminant residues in brazilian sugarcane juice. stir bar sorptive extraction and thermal desorption coupled to capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using the selected ion monitoring mode [sbse-td-gc-ms(sim)] and membrane-assisted solvent extraction combined with large volume in ... | 2006 | 16597442 |
| ultrastructural study of the ovary of the sugarcane spittlebug mahanarva fimbriolata (hemiptera). | the present study describes the ultrastructure of meroistic telotrophic ovaries of the sugarcane spittlebug mahanarva fimbriolata. in this type of ovary, nurse cells, oogonia, and prefollicular tissue are located at the terminal (distal) regions or tropharium of ovarioles. oocytes in different developmental stages, classified from i to v, are observed in the vitellarium. stage i oocytes do not exhibit intercellular spaces in the follicular epithelium, suggesting that synthesis and production of ... | 2006 | 16644228 |
| genotypic variability in vulnerability of leaf xylem to cavitation in water-stressed and well-irrigated sugarcane. | genotypic variability in vulnerability of leaf xylem to water-stress-induced cavitation was determined in four sugarcane (saccharum sp.) clones using detached leaf segments in a hydraulic conductivity apparatus. vulnerability curves were constructed by plotting the percentage of maximum conductivity versus leaf water potential (psi(i)) and fitting curves using a weibull function. the psi(i) at which each clone lost 10, 50, and 80% of maximum conductivity was determined. maximum conductivity per ... | 1992 | 16653010 |
| gibberellins of sugarcane. | in our hands a phosphate buffered celite column has given an adequate separation of ga(1) and ga(3). these 2 gibberellins are normally very difficult to separate. young sugarcane growing under moisture stress contains at least 2 gibberellin-like substances. one is suspected to be ga(5). the other is unknown but has high activity in the barley endosperm assay and is neither ga(1) nor ga(3). four-month-old cane contains 2 major growth promoters. from their chromatographic, fluorimetric and biologi ... | 1966 | 16656369 |
| absorption of copper, zinc, and manganese by sugarcane leaf tissue. | the absorption of cu(2+), zn(2+), and mn(2+) by leaf tissue of 4-month old sugarcane plants (saccharum officinarum l., var. h53-263) has been investigated. after the "apparent free space" fraction was desorbed, the absorption of cu(2+), mn(2+), and zn(2+) yielded a curve typical of many ion uptake processes when measured as a function of the external concentration. however, only 1 absorption mechanism was evident for each cation. the ph optimum for cu(2+) and zn(2+) uptake was 5.0 to 6.0, wherea ... | 1969 | 16657055 |
| photosynthetic co(2) fixation products and activities of enzymes related to photosynthesis in bermudagrass and other plants. | after a 5-second exposure of illuminated bermudagrass (cynodon dactylon l. var. ;coastal') leaves to (14)co(2), 84% of the incorporated (14)c was recovered as aspartate and malate. after transfer from (14)co(2)-air to (12)co(2)-air under continuous illumination, total radioactivity decreased in aspartate, increased in 3-phosphoglyceric acid and alanine, and remained relatively constant in malate. carbon atom 1 of alanine was labeled predominantly, which was interpreted to indicate that alanine w ... | 1971 | 16657595 |
| sugar transport in immature internodal tissue of sugarcane: i. mechanism and kinetics of accumulation. | transmembrane sugar transport into immature internodal parenchyma tissue of sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.) is a metabolically regulated process as evidenced by its sensitivity to ph, temperature, anaerobiosis, and metabolic inhibitors. all sugars studied-glucose, fructose, galactose, sorbose, glucose 6-phosphate, 3-o-methylglucose, and 2-deoxy-d-glucose-were apparently transported via the same carrier sites since they competed with each other for uptake. external concentrations of these su ... | 1972 | 16657901 |
| sugar accumulation in sugarcane: carrier-mediated active transport of glucose. | the rate-limiting reaction for glucose uptake in storage tissue of sugarcane, saccharum officinarum l., appears to be the movement of glucose across the boundary between the free space and the metabolic compartments. the mechanism for uptake of glucose across this boundary has been studied using 3-o-methyl glucose, an analogue of glucose which is not metabolized by sugar-cane tissue.this analogue is taken up by sugarcane storage tissue at a similar rate to glucose. its rate of uptake follows mic ... | 1972 | 16658002 |
| sugar transport in immature internodal tissue of sugarcane: ii. mechanism of sucrose transport. | the mechanism by which sucrose is transported into the inner spaces of immature internodal parenchyma tissue of sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l. var. h 49-5) was studied in short term experiments (15 to 300 seconds). transport of sucrose, glucose, and fructose was each characterized by a v(max) of 1.3 mumoles/gram fresh weight.2 hours, and each of these three sugars mutually and competitively inhibited transport of the other two. when (14)c-glucose was supplied exogenously, (14)c-glucose 6-ph ... | 1972 | 16658049 |
| activation of polyphenol oxidase of chloroplasts. | polyphenol oxidase of leaves is located mainly in chloroplasts isolated by differential or sucrose density gradient centrifugation. this activity is part of the lamellar structure that is not lost on repeated washing of the plastids. the oxidase activity was stable during prolonged storage of the particles at 4 c or -18 c. the km (dihydroxyphenylalanine) for spinach leaf polyphenol oxidase was 7 mm by a spectrophotometric assay and 2 mm by the manometric assay. polyphenol oxidase activity in the ... | 1973 | 16658308 |
| heat-induced resistance of sugarcane to helminthosporium sacchari and helminthosporoside. | sugarcane clones susceptible to eye spot disease became resistant to the pathogen or helminthosporoside activity during warm summer months. exposure of plants to 30 to 35 c temperatures, hot water treatment of excised leaves from 30 to 50 c, preincubation of leaves in an n(2) atmosphere, or preincubation in the presence of protein synthesis inhibitors also induced resistance. hot water-treated leaves reverted to a susceptible condition. five to 15 c temperatures, an n(2) atmosphere, or protein s ... | 1975 | 16659315 |
| properties and subcellular distribution of two partially purified ornithine transcarbamoylases in cell suspensions of sugarcane. | the spatially separated forms of ornithine transcarbamoylase (ec 2.1.3.3) of different molecular weights coexist in sugarcane (saccharum sp.). the smaller form of the enzyme (mol wt 79,000) appears to be cytoplasmic, while a larger form (mol wt 224,000) sedimented with mitochondria. the km of the cytoplasmic enzyme for ornithine was 3.11 mm, while the enzyme in the mitochondrial fraction had a km of 0.50 mm for this substrate; both enzymes had similar affinity for carbamoyl phosphate (0.12 mm). ... | 1977 | 16660023 |
| sucrose hydrolysis in relation to phloem translocation in beta vulgaris. | asymmetrically labeled sucrose, (14)c(fructosyl)sucrose, was used to determine whether sucrose undergoes extracellular hydrolysis during phloem translocation in the sugar beet, beta vulgaris. in addition, the metabolism of various sugars accumulated and translocated was determined in various regious of the plant. these processes were studied in detached regions as well as in the intact, translocating plant in the source leaf, along the translocation path, and in a rapidly growing sink leaf and s ... | 1977 | 16660089 |
| serinol phosphate as an intermediate in serinol formation in sugarcane. | a novel compound, serinol phosphate, was identified in sugarcane (saccharum officinarum) clone 51ng97. it was produced by an enzyme-mediated transamination of dihydroxyacetone phosphate with either alanine, glutamate, aspartate, or glutamine serving equally well as an amino donor. some detectable phosphatase activity was present in crude leaf enzyme preparation that hydrolyzed serinol phosphate. a proposal for a pathway of the biosynthesis of serinol in sugarcane was formulated.serinol can serve ... | 1978 | 16660234 |
| characteristics of a galactose-adapted sugarcane cell line grown in suspension culture. | although d-galactose is normally toxic to sugarcane (saccharum sp.) cells, a cell line that grows on 100 mm galactose has been propagated. nonadapted cells in a medium containing galactose instead of sucrose accumulate udp-galactose; these cells also have much lower udp-galactose 4-epimerase (ec 5.1.3.2) activity than do adapted cells. this enzyme may determine whether or not galactose will cause toxicity symptoms to develop. the growth rate of galactose-adapted cells is similar to most cell lin ... | 1978 | 16660333 |
| effects of cryoprotectants in combination on the survival of frozen sugarcane cells. | cryoprotection of suspension cultures of sugarcane cells (saccharum sp.) during freezing to various temperatures was tested using glucose, dimethylsulfoxide, and ethylene glycol at various concentrations, alone and in combinations. viability of the thawed cells was assessed by triphenyltetrazolium chloride reduction, cell growth, and microscopic examination. enhanced cryoprotection-as much as a doubling in viability value-was achieved by employing glucose and dimethylsulfoxide in mixtures, as co ... | 1979 | 16660775 |
| inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport in isolated spinach chloroplasts by two 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl derivatives. | buthidazole (3-[5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]-4-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-imidazolidinone) and tebuthiuron (n-[5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]-n,n'-dimethylurea) are two new promising herbicides for selective weed control in corn (zea mays l.) and sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.), respectively. the effects of these two compounds on various photochemical reactions of isolated spinach (spinacia oleracea l.) chloroplasts were studied at concentrations of 0, 0.05, 0.5, 5, an ... | 1980 | 16661181 |
| effect of sugars and amino acids on membrane potential in two clones of sugarcane. | sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.) leaf parenchyma cells bathed in 1x solution maintained an average membrane potential of -135 millivolts in the dark. no difference in membrane potential was found between clones 51 ng 97 and h50 7209. an electrogenic pump appears to contribute to membrane potential in these cells. sugars (25 millimolar) added externally caused the following membrane potential depolarizations (in millivolts) in clone 51 ng 97: glucose, 18 +/- 4; galactose, 24 +/- 7; 3-o-methyl ... | 1981 | 16661617 |
| eyespot disease of sugarcane : induction of host-specific toxin and its interaction with leaf cells. | helminthosporium sacchari produces a toxin which is responsible for the symptoms of eyespot disease in saccharum officinarum. a rapid and highly repeatable bioassay based on increase in conductivity of tissue leachates showed that the interaction of toxin with sugarcane obeys michaelis-menten hyperbolic saturation kinetics. there was no evidence for positive or negative cooperation interaction. resistant and susceptible cultivars of sugar cane had distinctive conductivity characteristics. co-cul ... | 1981 | 16661684 |
| alpha-galactoside binding proteins from plant membranes: isolation, characterization, and relation to helminthosporoside binding proteins of sugarcane. | alpha-galactoside binding proteins were isolated from cellular membranes of mint and tobacco as well as two clones of sugarcane which differ in their sensitivity to helminthosporoside, a toxic galactoside. sodium trichloroacetate was used to disrupt membranes after which the proteins were purified using a melibiose-sepharose-6b affinity column. proteins from mint, tobacco, and susceptible sugarcane had equal electrophoretic mobilities, whereas resistant sugarcane protein migrated more slowly. pr ... | 1981 | 16661831 |
| vacuoles from sugarcane suspension cultures : i. isolation and partial characterization. | vacuoles were isolated from suspension cultures of sugarcane (saccharum sp.) cells by centrifugation of protoplasts at high g force against a 12% (w/v) ficoll solution. distribution of marker enzymes and concanavalin a binding showed an 11% contamination of the vacuole preparation by cytoplasmic components, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum, and 18% contamination by plasma membrane. acid phosphatase, carboxypeptidase, protease, peroxidase, and ribonuclease activities were enriched in isola ... | 1982 | 16662393 |
| vacuoles from sugarcane suspension cultures : ii. characterization of sugar uptake. | vacuoles, isolated from sugarcane (saccharum sp.) cells, took up 3-o methylglucose and sucrose and the evidence suggests specific transport systems for these sugars. there was no evidence of sugar efflux from preloaded vacuoles. vacuoles in situ accumulated 3-o methylglucose, sucrose, glucose, and fructose, as shown by incubation of protoplasts with labeled sugar and subsequent analysis of vacuolar and cytoplasmic radio-activity. during the initial minutes of incubation, the amount and concentra ... | 1982 | 16662394 |
| vacuoles from sugarcane suspension cultures : iii. protonmotive potential difference. | the electrochemical proton gradient across the tonoplast of isolated (saccharum sp.) vacuoles and vacuoles in situ was measured. the isolated vacuoles show no significant protonmotive potential difference, the ph gradient of 0.8 (inside acid) was balanced by a membrane potential of about -80 mv (inside negative). from ph and uncoupler insensitivity and k(+) sensitivity, it was concluded that the experimentally caused k(+) gradient created the electric potential.qualitatively different results we ... | 1982 | 16662395 |
| selective toxins and analogs produced by helminthosporium sacchari: production, characterization, and biological activity. | helminthosporium sacchari toxin and several lower molecular weight, nontoxic analogs were isolated from culture filtrates. three isomers of the toxin (a, b, and c), each with four galactose units, were separated by high performance liquid chromatography. isomer c had the highest and isomer a had the lowest toxicity to h. sacchari-susceptible sugarcane; resistant clones were not affected. each toxin isomer was partially digested with a beta-galactofuranosidase and the resulting analogs (seven fro ... | 1984 | 16663832 |
| a group translocator for sucrose assimilation in tonoplast vesicles of sugarcane cells. | existence of a group translocator for sucrose transfer into vacuoles of sugarcane (saccharum sp.) cells has been further confirmed by the use of tonoplast vesicles isolated from intact vacuoles. the group translocator depends on external udp-glucose (glc) and, via a series of enzymic reactions within the tonoplast, sucrose phosphate and sucrose are deposited inside the vesicles. fructose-6-phosphate was not required for udp-glc uptake, nor was it taken up. none of the other sugar phosphates test ... | 1986 | 16664603 |
| sucrose phosphatase associated with vacuole preparations from red beet, sugar beet, and immature sugarcane stem. | the specific phosphatase, sucrose phosphate phosphohydrolase (sucrose phosphatase, ec 3.1.3.24) was present in vacuole preparations from storage tissue of red beet (beta vulgaris l.), sugar beet (beta vulgaris l. cultivar kawemono), and immature sugarcane (saccharum spp. hybrid, cultivar nco 310). in red beet vacuole preparations the specific activity of sucrose phosphatase, using the naturally occurring vacuole marker, betanin, as reference, was higher than the specific activity of cytoplasmic ... | 1987 | 16665598 |
| evaluation of selectable markers for obtaining stable transformants in the gramineae. | cell suspension cultures of triticum monococcum, panicum maximum, saccharum officinarum, pennisetum americanum, and a double cross trispecific hybrid between pennisetum americanum, p. purpureum, and p. squamulatum were tested for resistance to kanamycin, hygromycin, and methotrexate for use in transformation studies. all cultures showed high natural levels of resistance to kanamycin, in excess of 800 milligrams per liter, and variable levels of resistance to hygromycin. methotrexate was a potent ... | 1988 | 16665953 |
| cold-induced sudden reversible lowering of in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence after saturating light pulses : a sensitive marker for chilling susceptibility. | in chilling-sensitive plants (glycine max, saintpaulia ionantha, saccharum officinarum) a sudden reversible drop in chlorophyll fluorescence occurs during photosynthetic induction immediately following saturating light pulses at low temperatures in the range 4 to 8 degrees c. a comparison of two soybean cultivars of different chilling sensitivities revealed that this phenomenon, termed lowwave, indicates specific thresholds of low temperature stress. its occurrence under controlled chilling can ... | 1989 | 16666615 |
| characterization of the heat shock response in cultured sugarcane cells : i. physiology of the heat shock response and heat shock protein synthesis. | effect of heat shock on the growth of cultured sugarcane cells (saccharum officinarum l.) was measured. heat shock (hs) treatment at 36 to 38 degrees c (2 hours) induced the development of maximum thermotolerance to otherwise nonpermissive heat stress at 54 degrees c (7 minutes). optimum thermotolerance was observed 8 hours after heat shock. development of thermotolerance was initiated by treatments as short as 30 minutes at 36 degrees c. temperatures below 36 degrees c or above 40 degrees c fai ... | 1989 | 16666866 |
| purification and partial characterization of a fructanase which hydrolyzes natural polysaccharides from sugarcane juice. | a new sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.) fructanase which hydrolyzes both high molecular weight polysaccharides mid r:fructose(4):galactitol(5)mid r:(n) (sp) and moderate-sized carbohydrates mid r:fructose(2):galactitol(3)3mid r:(n) (mmwc) has been purified from sugarcane juice. the k(m) value has been estimated to be 33.7 micrograms per milliliter and 20 micrograms per milliliter for sp and mmwc, respectively. the optimal ph and temperature values are 6.0 and 30 degrees c, respectively. purif ... | 1990 | 16667334 |