Publications

a bio-selective membrane electrode prepared with living bacterial cells.		1977	413457
lipoquinones of some bacteria and mycoplasmas, with considerations on their functional significance.	in a comparative study the lipoquinones of some chemoorganotrophic, facultatively aerobic bacteria, and representative acholeplasma, mycoplasma, spiroplasma, and thermoplasma strains were investigated. the quinones were partly purified by preparative thin layer chromatography of lipid extracts, and characterized by their difference spectra (reduced minus oxidized) and rf values. respiring bacteria expectedly contained benzoquinones and/or naphthoquinones in micromolar concentrations whereas some ...	1977	413478
fulminant neonatal septicemia caused by streptococcus bovis.		1978	413898
[cephradine in urology].		1977	414092
availability of methionine and lysine in sorghum grain in relation to the tannin content.		1977	414229
influence of polyethylene glycol and related compounds on the nutritional availability of methionine in a high-tannin sorghum and in field beans.		1977	414230
[spinal cord influences on immune responses demonstrated following interruption of the spinal cord as a result of injury].	specific and nonspecific immunity reactions were studied in dynamics in 126 patients with injury to the spinal cord, in 162 healthy persons (controls), and in 30 persons who had suffered injury to other organs. the serum agglutinins against the causative agents of infection of the urinary system (colibacillus, proteus, enterococcus) and c-reactive protein were studied. phases were revealed in the course of the immunologic reactions depending on the neurodynamics of the damaged spinal cord. the c ...	1977	414445
[recommendations for the testing and the evaluation of the efficacy of chemical disinfectant procedures (author's transl)].		1977	414483
[salmonellae in coastal sea waters: research methods, ecology and correlation with indicator microorganisms].	a high correlation of the salmonellae and enterococci indices with the distance from the sources of contamination (effluents) at calm weather and reduced correlation at storm was revealed in examination of coastal waters of baltic sea for salmonellae and indicator microbes in the biotypes of two populated localities. monotypical character of the isolated salmonellae served as the peculiarity of the results obtained: s. typhimurium prevailed (96.3%): s. give were isolated in 3.7% of the cases. th ...	1977	414487
chemotactic activity of l-forms and mycoplasma.	l-forms of streptococcus faecalis, escherichia coli and proteus mirabilis showed significantly less chemotactic activity for normal human leucocytes than did parent bacterial forms which were strongly chemotactic. mycoplasma pneumoniae and mycoplasma hominis did not demonstrate chemotactic activity.	1977	414709
[microbiological measurement of folic coenzymes. i. effect of the concentration of the microorganism].		1977	414770
activation of the alternate complement pathway by peptidoglycan from streptococcal cell wall.	activation of the alternate complement pathway in human serum by several bacterial components was compared. peptidoglycan from group a streptococcal cell walls was the most active material, on a weight basis, followed by cell walls, protoplast membranes, and whole cells. the group-specific carbohydrate was inactive. treatment of peptidoglycan with low concentrations of lysozyme or short periods of sonic treatment enhanced complement activation. high concentrations of lysozyme or extended sonic t ...	1978	415005
effect of cerulenin on streptococcus faecalis macromolecular synthesis and cell division.	the antibiotic cerulenin has been used to study macromolecular synthesis and cell division in streptococcus faecalis. the data suggest that lipid and lipoteichoic acid synthesis as well as cell number increase are affected prior to any observable effects on overall mass increase or dna, rna, protein, or peptidoglycan synthesis. treatment with cerulenin of cultures growing at various rates and analysis of the subsequent cell divisions indicate that the antibiotic may block a cell cycle event that ...	1978	415039
autolytic defective mutant of streptococcus faecalis.	properties of a variant of streptococcus faecalis atcc 9790 with defective cellular autolysis are described. the mutant strain was selected as a survivor from a mutagenized cell population simultaneously challenged with two antibiotics which inhibit cell wall biosynthesis, penicillin g and cycloserine. compared to the parental strain, the mutant strain exhibited: (i) a thermosensitive pattern of cellular autolysis; (ii) an autolytic enzyme activity that had only a slightly increased thermolabili ...	1978	415045
cellular autolytic activity in synchronized populations of streptococcus faecium.	the autolytic capacity of streptococcus faecium (s. faecalis atcc 9790) varied during synchronous cell division. this phenomenon was initially observed in rapidly dividing populations (td=30 to 33 min) synchronized by a combination of induction and size selection techniques. to minimize the problems inherent in studies of cells containing overlapping chromosome cycles and possible artifacts generated by induction techniques, the autolytic capacities of slowly dividing populations (td=60 to 110 m ...	1978	415050
study of pole assembly in bacillus subtilis by computer reconstruction of septal growth zones seen in central, longitudinal thin sections of cells.	the septal growth of bacillus subtilis 168/s has been studied by making a number of observations from thin sections of cells from exponentially growing cultures. the process was initiated by the formation of a new cross wall under a preexisting layer of cylindrical wall. an annular notch appeared to cut through the overlying wall and presumably allowed the cross wall to split into two layers of peripheral wall. during this initial notching process, two raised bands of wall material were produced ...	1978	415053
cytochrome formation, oxygen-induced proton extrusion and respiratory activity in streptococcus faecalis var. zymogenes grown in the presence of haematin.		1978	415116
neutralization effect of some agents on the antimicrobial activity of ammoniacal silver nitrate.	the effect of some agents on the antimicrobial activity of ammoniacal silver nitrate, an endodontic medicament, was tested with streptococcus faecalis by the serial tube dilution method. its results indicated that sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, and blood had a marked inhibitory effect. however, the presence of dentin, necrotic tissue, saliva, and hydrogen sulfide gas liberated from protein decomposition showed no or little effect on the antibacterial properties of the chemical. since an ...	1978	415823
antibacterial activity of sisomicin.	a study of the in vitro antibacterial activity of a new aminoglycoside, sisomicin, is reported. the results show no significant differences between the activity of sisomicin and gentamicin.	1978	415913
[sensitivity of clinical isolates of several enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus faecalis to antibiotics. results of a supraregional collaborative study of the "work-group on resistance" of the paul ehrlich society for chemotherapy (author's transl)].		1978	415984
anti-glycosyl antibodies. two sets of isoantibodies with specificity for different carbohydrate moieties of the same glycosyl antigen.	two sets of anti-glycosyl antibodies have been isolated by affinity chromatography methods from the antisera of rabbits immunized with a vaccine of nonviable cells of streptococcus faecalis, strain n. both types of antibodies are directed against a dineteroglycan of glucose and galactose present in the cell wall of this organism. the members of one set, anti-galactose antibodies, combine with the terminal lactose residues of the glycan and the member of the other set, anti-lactose antibodies, co ...	1978	416019
atp-linked calcium transport in cells and membrane vesicles of streptococcus faecalis.		1978	416023
[rapid diagnosis of group b and d streptococcal infections using counter-immunoelectrophoresis].		1977	416421
gentamicin-based medium for the isolation of group d streptococci and application of the medium to water analysis.	gentamicin-thallous-carbonate (gtc) medium contained (per liter): 40.0 g of trypticase soy agar, 5.0 g of kh(2)po(4), 2.0 g of nahco(2), 1.0 g of glucose, 1.0 g of esculin, 0.5 g of thallous acetate (ta), 0.5 g of ferric citrate, 0.75 ml of tween 80, and 2.5 mg of gentamicin sulfate. the nahco(3) (20 ml of a 10% solution that had been heated to boiling) was added after sterilization of the basal medium. the spread plate technique was used to compare gtc agar with pfizer selective enterococcus, t ...	1978	416754
rat model of experimental endocarditis.	a simple model of infective endocarditis was produced in rats. with the aid of a guide wire, polyethylene catheters were passed into the left ventricle through the right carotid artery of sprague-dawley rats weighing 300 to 350 g. a volume of 1 ml of an overnight culture of streptococcus mitis, staphylococcus aureus, or streptococcus faecalis was intravenously injected 1 to 2 days after catheterization. bacterial titers of streptococcus mitis in vegetations were about 10(4)-fold greater than in ...	1978	417032
septic induced acute gastric erosions: the role of cimetidine.		1978	417217
[echocardiography in bacterial endocarditis of the aortic valve].		1978	417271
use of fecal streptococci as indicators of pollution in soil.	the survival, recovery, and identification of streptococcus isolates from soil was investigated by (i) examination of survival in soil under different moisture and temperature conditions, (ii) evaluation of media combinations for recovering fecal streptococci from soil, and (iii) partial identification of isolates from diverse habitats. cool, moist conditions prolonged the survival of streptococcus faecalis in soil for at least 12 weeks, whereas freezing was lethal, with the populations being re ...	1978	417673
periurethral aerobic microflora of pregnant and non-pregnant women.	seventy-two pregnant and 88 non-pregnant women were examined to see whether the periurethral region had been colonised with group b streptococci (streptococcus agalactiae), enterococci, and gram-negative rods belonging to the enterobacteriaeceae. a semi-quantitative method was used for periurethral sampling, and paired urethral swabs were also collected to compare the isolation rates of group b streptococci from the two sites and with the two sampling methods. a higher isolation rate was found w ...	1978	417753
colonization resistance against potentially pathogenic bacteria in hexaflora-associated gnotobiotic mice.	a study of colonization resistance against potentially pathogenic bacteria (escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa) was conducted in hexaflora-associated gnotobiotic mice. groups of germfree akr mice were swabbed with five bacterial and a single gastrointestinal yeast species: streptococcus faecalis. lactobacillus brevis. staphylococcus epidermidis, enterobacter aerogenes, bacteroides fragilis var. vulgatus, and torulopsis sp. all species became established in the gut in 8 weeks. later thes ...	1978	417787
stability of antimicrobials in schaedler's anaerobic and brain heart infusion broths stored at --20 degrees c.	penicillin-like drugs are found to be unstable in schaedler's broth in forzen storage (--20 degrees c). chloramphenicol, clindamycin and tetracycline remained at original potency to 45 days. no detectable antimicrobial decay was found in two formulations of supplemented bhi broth. antimicrobial potency was measured by quality control organism endpoints, bioassays and mic changes in use at four clinical microbiology laboratories.	1978	418054
cefamandole nafate therapy of respiratory tract, skin, and soft tissue infections in 74 patients.		1978	418126
transformation of group f streptococci by plasmid dna.	when the challis strain of streptococcus sanguis was transformed by the 17 megadalton beta plasmid from streptococcus faecalis strain ds5, the plasmid underwent a 1.5 megadalton deletion (leblanc & hassell, 1976). furthermore, the covalently closed circular (ccc) plasmid dna isolated from challis transformants was rapidly converted to a linear form which did not possess any detectable transforming activity. to obtain stable ccc plasmid dna a competent culture of a lancefield group f streptococcu ...	1978	418149
beta-d-phosphogalactoside galactohydrolase of streptococcus faecalis and the inhibition of its synthesis by glucose.	the lactose hydrolysing system of streptococcus faecalis is described. it is closely related to that one of the group n streptocci as it consists of a beta-d-phosphogalactoside galactohydrolase (beta-pgal). the uptake of methyl-beta-d-thiogalactoside (tmg), lactose, and glucose is maintained by the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (pts) but the uptake of galactose is not. the induction time is 6--7 min. inducers are lactose and galactose but not isopropyl-beta-d-galactosid ...	1978	418859
controlled cell disruption: a comparison of the forces required to disrupt different micro-organisms.	a cell disrupter has been developed which can measure the forces required to disrupt both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. it operates a continuous process and will disrupt both large and small volumes. shear forces are set up when a suspension under laminar flow conditions is released under high pressure through a short orifice. if the applied pressure is altered, the shear forces are simultaneously changed so that the amount of cell disruption can be compared under different known and repeata ...	1979	422681
activation of the alternative complement pathway by l-phase variants of gram-positive bacteria.	the present studies were performed to investigate the potential role of the alternative complement pathway in the host's defense against bacterial l-phase variants and to gain insight into the subcellular component of gram-positive bacteria responsible for activation of the alternative pathway. l-phase variants of staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus faecalis were able to activate the alternative pathway and consume c3 in c4-deficient guinea pig serum in amounts comparable to their respective ...	1979	457256
enhancement of human neutrophil bactericidal activity by chemotactic factors.	neutrophils are important effector cells in the defense against microorganisms. they migrate into infected sites and then phagocytose and kill bacteria. chemotactic factors may be important for initiating neutrophil migration. we investigated whether chemotactic factors might also influence an event subsequent to chemotaxis, namely bacterial killing. it was found that preincubation (20 min at 37 degrees c) of human leukocytes with chemotactic substances such as zymosan-activated serum, a c5a-con ...	1979	457274
comparison between agar and broth minimum inhibitory concentrations of cefamandole, cefoxitin, and cefuroxime.	the in vitro susceptibility to cefamandole, cefoxitin, and cefuroxime of clinical isolates of streptococcus faecalis, klebsiella, and indole-positive proteus was assayed using minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) determinations in broth and on solid media. it could be demonstrated that the agar dilution mics obtained when s. faecalis was tested against cefuroxime and when indole-positive proteus strains were tested against cefamandole tended to be considerably lower than those obtained with th ...	1979	464588
in vitro activity of furazlocillin (bay k 4999) compared with those of mezlocillin, piperacillin, and standard beta-lactam antibiotics.	the activity of furazlocillin (bay k 4999) was compared with those of mezlocillin, piperacillin, and standard beta-lactam antibiotics against a number of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. these new expanded-spectrum penicillins were less active than penicillin g against most gram-positive organisms. furazlocillin, mezlocillin, and piperacillin showed activity comparable to ampicillin and penicillin g against haemophilus influenzae and penicillin-susceptible neisseriae, respectively. non ...	1979	475364
prophylaxis of recurrent urinary tract infection in female patients. efficacy of low-dose, thrice-weekly therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.	thirty-two women with recurrent urinary tract infections were treated after eradication of existing infections with a mixture of 40 mg of trimethoprim and 200 mg of sulfamethoxazole thrice weekly at bedtime for six months. six preadolescents received one half this dose. during 21.3 cumulative patient-years of prophylaxis, one infection due to streptococcus faecalis and one due to a sulfamthoxazole-and trimethoprim-sensitive escherichia coli occurred--an infection incidence of 0.1 per patient-yea ...	1979	480642
phosphonopeptides as antibacterial agents: mechanism of action of alaphosphin.	the novel antibacterial peptide mimetic alaphosphin (l-alanyl-l-1-aminoethylphosphonic acid) selectively inhibited peptidoglycan biosynthesis in both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. it induced accumulation of uridine diphosphate-n-acetyl-muramyl-tripeptide in gram-positive organisms and significantly reduced the intracellular pool levels of d-alanine. alaphosphin was actively transported into bacterial cells by stereospecific peptide permeases and was subsequently hydrolyzed by intrace ...	1979	525987
a simplified method using commercial milk powder for hand-rearing of the caesarean-derived infant rabbits (author's transl)].	an efficient and simplified method for hand-rearing of caesarean-derived infant rabbits under gnotobiotic condition was devised. the caesarean-derived infant dutch or japanese-white rabbits and their hybrids (f1; japanese-white female x dutch male) were reared in sterilized vinyl-isolators by hand-feeding with two kinds of milk diets, a and b, consisted mainly ofa commercial milk powder for dogs and cats (esbilac) supplemented with several minor components (table 2) and administered intragastric ...	1977	558100
bacterial multiresistance to antibiotics. study of types of bacterial resistance to antibiotics in the environment and in clinical material of a resuscitation ward.	types of resistance were studied in clinical material and in the environment a resuscitation ward in the period from september 1973 to february 1974. identical strains with the same types of resistance were isolated in both groups. they were verified by qualitative and quantitative tests of sensitivity to selected antibacterial substances. a high degeee of resistance to streptomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline and ampicillin was found in all gram-negative bacilli. high effectivity of colimyci ...	1977	560409
reduction of duration and severity of megimide seizures in rats on a folic acid deficient diet.	folic acid deficient diet reduces the duration and severity of intravenous megimide seizures in the rat after 6 months of diet. plasma and serum folate levels are strongly reduced after that period. the difference between lactobacillus casei and streptococcus faecalis activity in brain show a slight, but not significant, decrease after 12 months of diet.	1977	590220
effects of change in dietary folic acid content on pentylenetetrazol seizure threshold in rat.	pentylenetetrazol (pt) eeg thresholds were measured in rats on a folic acid (fa) deficient diet, normal diet, and a diet supplemented with large amounts of folic acid. the intraperitoneal dose per kilogram body weight of pt is significantly higher in the fa deficient group and significantly lower in the fa supplemented group than in rats on a normal diet. this indicates an effect of fa metabolism on pt epilepsy. the lactobacillus casei minus streptococcus faecalis activity of the brain is decrea ...	1977	590221
effect of enteric micro-organisms on intestinal sugar and fatty acid absorption.	the effect of micro-organisms contaminating the upper intestinal contents of malnourished children on intestinal absorption of 3-0 methyl-alpha-d-glucopyranose (3-m.g.) and oleic acid was studied in rats in vivo. oleci acid absorption was unaffected by non-pathogenic e. coli but decreased by e. coli 0111, salmonella paratyphi b., shigella sonnei and candida sp. this effect was probably explained by intestinal secretion diluting the test solution leading to a decreased diffusion gradient for solu ...	1977	603464
determination of the sugar sequences and the glycosidic-bond arrangements of immunogenic heteroglycans.	the complete sugar sequences and glycosidic-bond arrangements have been determined by a combined analytical scheme for a diheteroglycan of d-glucose and d-galactose and a tetraheteroglycan of 6-deoxy-l-talose, l-rhamnose, d-galactose, and d-glucuronic acid. the analytical scheme included methylation analysis by g.l.c. and mass spectrometry, periodate oxidation followed by borohydride reduction and identification of the residual fragments, enzymic hydrolysis followed by characterization of the mo ...	1978	620418
antimicrobial activity in vitro of cefaclor, a new oral cephalosporin.	the antimicrobial activity of cefaclor, a new orally administered cephalosporin derivative, was studied in vitro against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative clinical isolates. both penicillin-resistant and penicillin-susceptible strains of staphylococcus aureus were susceptible to cefaclor, with mean mics of 1.44 and 0.93 microgram/ml, respectively. however, the mbc for penicillin-resistant s. aureus was higher than that for the penicillin-susceptible strains. all strains of streptococc ...	1978	624778
on the relationship between glycerophosphoglycolipids and lipoteichoic acids in gram-positive bacteria. i. the occurrence of phosphoglycolipids.	1. gram-positive bacteria out of the families of streptococcaceae, lactobacillaceae, micrococcaceae and bacillaceae were investigated with respect to the occurrence and the concentration of phosphoglycolipids. 2. phosphatidylglycolipids occur exclusively in group d streptococci and in streptococcus hemolyticus d-58. phosphatidyl-alpha-kojibiosyldiacylglycerol, the prevalent species, accounts for up to 28% of the polar lipids. the related glycerophospho-phosphatidyl-alpha-kojibiosyldiacylglycerol ...	1978	638158
clindamycin-induced enterocolitis in hamsters.	a lethal enterocolitis was induced in hamsters by oral or parenteral administration of clindamycin in amounts comparable to those used in treatment of humans. the intestinal lesions were characterized histologically as an acute inflammatory reaction with pseudomembrane formation and resembled the lesions seen in humans with antibiotic-induced colitis. results of quantitative stool cultures showed the numbers of peptostreptococcus and corynebacterium decreased in animals with colitis after challe ...	1978	649990
comparative in vitro activity of five nitrofurans.	five nitrofurans- nitrofurantoin, nifuratel, nitrofurazone, furazolidone and and sq 18,506--have been tested against 201 microbial strains. escherichia coli, streptococcus faecalis, micrococci and staphylococcus epidermidis were sensitive to all five compounds; furazolidone and sq 18,506 were the most active against these species. klebsiella aerogenes was less sensitive, and proteus spp., providencia stuartii and pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were resistant. nifuratel was inhibitory for some ca ...	1978	657876
affinity chromatography of bacterial lactate dehydrogenases.	the affinity system used was the immobilized oxamate derivative previously used to purify mammalian lactate dehydrogenases. the bacterial dehydrogenases specific for the l-stereoisomer of lactate behaved in the same way as the mammalian enzymes, binding strongly in the presence of nadh. the d-lactate-specific enzymes, however, did not show any biospecific affinity for this gel. the l-specific enzymes could be purified to homogeneity in one affinity-chromatographic step. the d-specific enzymes co ...	1978	666726
dihydrofolate reductases in some folate-requiring bacteria with low trimethoprim susceptibility.	dihydrofolate reductases from the folate-requiring strains streptococcus faecalis atcc 8043, lactobacillus casei atcc 7496, and pediococcus cerevisiae atcc 8081, as well as from lactobacillus arabinosus, which is not dependent on exogenous folate, were isolated, and their properties were compared to reductases of escherichia coli b, staphylococcus aureus, and rat liver reductase. an inhibition profile with six different inhibitors revealed significant differences among all enzymes. all lactobaci ...	1978	686702
septic choroiditis with serous detachment of the retina in dogs.	the present study describes a model of multifocal septic choroiditis with serous retinal detachment after intracarotid injection of staphylococcus aureus or streptococcus faecalis. the fundus lesions occurred mainly in the tapetal area and, on ophthalmoscopic examination, were more extensive after s. aureus than after s. faecalis injection. on histopathologic examination there were microabscesses in the inner choroid and subretinal space, disrupting the outer retina but sparing the inner retina.	1978	700961
[the association of a digestive carcinoma and subacute endocarditis. 4 cases (author's transl)].	attention has recently been drawn to the association of digestive carcinoma and streptococcus bovis endocarditis. the authors studied 130 records of patients with endocarditis and an association with a digestive tumour (3 neoplasms, one villous tumour) was found in four. streptococcus bovis was demonstrated in one case, streptococcus faecalis in two and streptococcus durans in one. the association of carcinoma and subacute endocarditis would thus seem to not solely relate to digestive commensual ...	1978	714665
piperacillin (t-1220), a new semisynthetic penicillin. ii. in vitro antimicrobial activity and synergy comparison with carbenicillin and gentamicin.	piperacillin, a new semisynthetic penicillin, was found to have potent antimicrobial activity against nearly all (405) tested bacterial species. piperacillin was consistently 4 approximately 16-fold more active than carbenicillin against the enterobacteriaceae, 16 approximately 32-fold against pseudomonas aeruginosa and pseudomonas species, and 16-fold against streptococcus faecalis. carbenicillin and piperacillin were equally effective against staphylococcus aureus, but inactivated by beta-lact ...	1979	761991
tobramycin: a review of its antibacterial and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic use.	synopsis: tobramycin is a new aminoglycoside antibiotic with a broad antibacterial spectrum in vitro, and pharmacokinetic properties similar to those for gentamicin. tobramycin is more active than gentamicin against pseudomonas aeruginosa and active against many gentamicin resistant strains, but is not active against enterobacteriaceae resistant to gentamicin. theoretically, tobramycin has an advantage over gentamicin against infections caused by p. aeruginosa, but any advantage in clinical prac ...	1976	789045
synthesis and microbiological activities of some monohalogenated analogs of tyrosine.	2-chlorotyrosine and 2-bromotyrosine, as well as the previously reported 2-fluorotyrosine, were synthesized by hydrolysis of the condensation products from the appropriate benzyl bromide and ethyl acetamidomalonate and were compared with the corresponding 3-halotyrosines as growth inhibitors of escherichia coli 9723, streptococcus faecalis 8043 and lactobacillus plantarum 8014. in contrast to the 2- and 3-fluorotyrosines which were equally effective as growth inhibitors, the 2-chloro- and 2-brom ...	1975	803244
degradation of n-nitrosamines by intestinal bacteria.	a major proportion of bacterial types, common in the gastrointestinal tract of many animals and man, were active in degrading diphenylnitrosamine and dimethylnitrosamine, the former being degraded more rapidly than the latter. at low nitrosamine concentrations (is less than 0.05 micronmol/ml), approximately 55% of added diphenylnitrosamine, 30% of n-nitrosopyrrolidine, and 4% of dimethylnitrosamine were degraded. the route of nitrosamine metabolism by bacteria appears to be different from that p ...	1975	803287
stopcock contamination in an icu.		1975	803350
[clinical experience with the preparation hylacombun in gastroenterology (author's transl)].		1975	803416
phosphatidylkojibiosyl diglyceride. the covalently linked lipid constituent of the membrane lipoteichoic acid from streptococcus faecalis (faecium) atcc 9790.	water-soluble [14c]glycerol-labeled lipoteichoic acid isolated from the membrane preparations of streptococcus faecalis (faecium) atcc 9790 released chloroform-soluble radioactivity upon mild acid hydrolysis. chromatography of the radioactive, chloroform-extractable material revealed the presence of a very polar lipid (lipid i). depending upon the conditions of acid hydrolysis, lipid i accounted for as much as 92% of the total 14c-labeled lipids released. more stringent conditions of acid hydrol ...	1975	803497
equine anti-hapten antibody. ix. igm anti-lactose antibodies.	the immune response to a bacterial vaccine of streptococcus faecalis (strain n) was characterized in all of the seven horses studied by the sustained production of about 90% igm anti-lactose antibody over a period of 44 weeks with maximum values of the total antibody ranging from 4 mg/ml of serum to 12 mg/ml of serum. with respect to the binding of a lactose-containing ligand the association constants of the antibodies purified from sera obtained between 5 and 44 weeks fell in the range of 1 tim ...	1975	803530
studies on the vitamin nutrition of the cellular slime mould dictyostelium discoideum.	vitamin auxotrophs of escherichia coli grown in the presence or absence of the corresponding vitamin were used as substrates for the growth of dictyostelium discoideum strain ax-2 in order to investigate some of the growth-factor requirements of this cellular slime mould. compared with the growth yields observed on vitamin-sufficient auxotrophs and on a prototroph, the yields on lipoate-, folate-, thiamin- or biotin-depleted auxotrophs were low but could be restored by the addition of exogenous ...	1975	803550
the role of vaginal colonization with enterobacteriaceae in recurrent urinary infections.	quantitative cultures of the vaginal introitus for enterobacteriaceae, s. faecalis and p. aeruginosa were compared in 20 premenopausal normal women (200 cultures) to 198 consecutive cultures from 9 premenopausal women in between episodes of bacteriuria. introital colonization in patients susceptible to urinary infections was significantly higher for e. coli (p equals 0.001), s. faecalis (p equals 0.001) and for the presence of any gram-negative pathogens (p equals less than 0.001). in addition, ...	1975	803573
influence of environmental stress on enumeration of indicator bacteria from natural waters.	the problems associated with recovery of pure cultures of escherichia coli and streptococcus faecalis from stream environments were examined utilizing membrane filter chambers. it was observed that upon exposure to the aquatic environment a significant proportion of cells lost their ability to produce colonies on a selective medium, yet retained this capability on a nutritionally rich, nonselective medium. discrepancies in colony-forming units between nonselective and selective media indicated t ...	1975	803815
pteroylglutamic acid malabsorption in tropical sprue.	pteroylglutamic acid (pga) absorption was assessed in ten untreated tropical sprue (ts) and eight control subjects utilizing a marker perfusion technique. physiologic concentrations of the vitamin (25 ng/ml) dissolved in iso-osmotic solutions containing either mannitol of glucose at a concentration of 55.6 mm were perfused on each subject on two consecutive days. a statistically significant difference in pga absorption between ts and control subjects was obtained only when glucose was present in ...	1975	803848
a fluorescent antibody technique for the enumeration of faecal streptococci in water.		1975	803941
the use of microcalorimetry for bacterial classification.		1975	803943
self-transferable plasmids determining the hemolysin and bacteriocin of streptococcus faecalis var. zymogenes.	strains of streptococcus faecalis var. zymogenes, designated jh1 and jh3, produced a hemolysin and a bacteriocin. hemolytic activity was lost from a low percentage of cells grown in broth at either 37 or 45 c. all nonhemolytic (hly-) variants had lost bacteriocin activity (ben-), and those from strain jh3 had also lost resistance to the bacteriocin (bnr-). the majority of hly-, ben- variants from jh1 retained bacteriocin resistance (bnrplus). strains jh1 and jh3 contained a plasmid deoxyribonucl ...	1975	803965
the effect of leukocyte hydrolases on bacteria. iii. bacteriolysis induced by extracts of different leukocyte populations and the inhibition of lysis by macromolecular substances.	the lysis of 14c-labeled bacteria by hydrolases of human and rabbit leukocytes was studied in vitro. while staphylococcus albus, streptococcus faecalis, and streptococcus mutans were highly susceptible to lysis, staphylococcus auresus was intermediate in its susecptibility to lysis by the leukocyte enzymes. group a streptococcus, listeria monocytogenes, shigella flexneri, escherichia coli, and mycobacterium smegmatis were very resistant to degradation by these enzymes. the lytic activity of leuk ...	1975	804017
glycerophosphoryl phosphatidyl kojibiosyl diacylglycerol, a novel phosphoglucolipid from streptococcus faecalis.	1. from streptococcus faecalis a third novel phosphoglucolipid was isolated. it contained d-glucose, glycerol, acyl groups and phosphorus in a molar ratio of approx. 2 : 3 : 4 : 2. 2. the structure was shown to be 3(1)-o-[6 inches-(sn-glycerol-1-phosphoryl), 6 foot-(1,2 diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphoryl)-2 foot-o-(alpha-d-glucopyranosyl)-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl]-1(3),2-diacylglycerol. the novel lipid is related to the earlier described phosphatidyl and glycerophosphoryl kojibiosyl diacylglycerol fr ...	1975	804328
distribution of indigenous bacteria in the digestive tract of conventional and gnotobiotic rats.	the localization and population levels of the indigenous bacterial flora of conventional rats were investigated by cultural and histological techniques. lactobacilli predominate in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine and associate with keratinized cells of the nonglandular portion of stomach. mixtures of varying complexity of pure cultures of indigenous bacteria were inoculated into germfree rats. the distribution of these bacteria was examined to investigate the effect of lactobac ...	1975	804450
structure-activity correlations among rifamycin b amides and hydrazides.	structure-antibacterial activity correlation equations have been developed for aseries of 44 amides and 25 hydrazides of rifamycin b in five bacterial systems. the best amide equations show that activity is a parabolic function of log p. a wide variation in log po was found for the various bacterial systems. the most important correlation parameter in the hydrazide equations is omicron*. the significance of this finding is somewhat obscured by the high degree of collinearity among the parameters ...	1975	804555
biosynthesis of ribosylthymine in the transfer rna of streptococcus faecalis: a folate-dependent methylation not involving s-adenosylmethionine.	ribosylthymine is not present in trna of streptococcus faecalis grown in the absence of folic acid, although this methylated residue does occur in the trna of this organism when it is grown in the presence of folate. we have found that, unlike other methylated residues in rna of s. faecalis and other organisms, the methyl moiety of ribosylthymine of the trna of folate-sufficient s. faecalis is not derived from s-adenosylmethionine. preliminary evidence suggests that a folate derivative serves as ...	1975	804695
[biochemistry and genetics of organic acid transport in bacteria].		1975	804772
antibody response to avian mycoplasmas.		1975	804836
effects of cadmium on the growth and uptake of cadmium by microorganisms.	six species of microorganisms, escherichia coli, bacillus cereus, lactobacillus acidophilus, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faecalis and actinomyces niger, were grown under suitable conditions in appropriate media. cadmium chloride was added to provide 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mug of cd per ml. at 40 and 80 mug of cd per ml, e. coli and b. cereus grew well and the other species were repressed. cd uptake patterns differed significantly among the species tested. the significance of these dat ...	1975	804857
studies of folic acid compounds in nature. iv. folic acid compounds in soybeans and cow milk.	folate compounds in soybean and cow's mild were identified by sephadex chromatography and differential microbiological assaymsoybean contained mainly monoglutamates (ca. 52%), some diglutamates (ca. 16%), and polyglutamates (pentaglutamates representing the major portion). 5-cho-h4pteglun(1-6) constituted 65-70% of total folate activity; cow's milk contained monoglutamates (60%) and polyglutamates (ranging from di- to hepta-conjugates). in contrast to soybean, 90-95% of milk folate was in the 5- ...	1975	804977
qualitative assessment of midstream urine cultures in the detection of bacteriuria.	3550 women attending cervical smear and family planning clinics have been screened for bacteriria. suprapubic aspiration of urine was carried out in 131 patients from whom two consecutive midstream urine specimens contained either a pure growth of gram positive cocci or a growth in which gram negative bacilli predominated. 95 patients were found to have bacteriuria; in 93 the urine was infected with a gram negative organism. of 53 patients with a count of more than 10-5 gram negative organisms p ...	1975	805012
enzymatic adaptation by bacteria under pressure.	a study of enzymic adaptation under hydrostatic pressure by moderately barotolerant bacteria that can grow at pressure up to about 500 atm revealed that some adaptive processes are relatively insensitive to pressure, whereas others are sufficiently barosensitive to compromise survival capacity in situations requiring adaptation to new substrates under pressure. examples of the former include adaptation of escherichia coli to arabinose catabolism for growth and adaptation of streptococcus faecali ...	1975	805124
behaviour and indicator value of some microorganisms under conditions of soil contamination by pesticides.	the comparative effect of two organophosphorus pesticides (chlorophos and metaphos) on escherichia coli, an enterococcus and shigella organisms present in chernozem, podzolic, and loamy soils was investigated. a considerable level of resistance of the test organisms to the insecticides was established. this was expressed by their behaviour only changing on contamination of the soil samples with the insecticides in amounts considerably exceeding those used in natural conditions. escherichia coli ...	1975	805171
effect of sodium cyanate upon the function of normal human polymorphonuclaer leukocytes.	sodium cyanate, a drug that prevents sickling of hemoglobin s by virtue of its irreversible carbamylation of the n-terminal amino group of valine, was studied for its effect upon the function of normal human polymorphonuclear luekocytes. in concentrations of 500 and 100 mug/ml, sodium cyanate was found to inhibit killing by neutrophils of staphylococcus epidermidis and eschierichia coli but not of streptococcus faecalis. viability of cells and phagocytosis were not affected by cyanate; however, ...	1975	805192
factors that may prevent transfer of anti-biotic resistance between gram-negative bacteria in the gut.	antibiotic-resistance transfer between populations of donor and recipient strains of escherichia coli was completely inhibited in broth by dense suspensions of bacteroides fragilis. comparable amounts of inert bacterial matter (for-molised suspensions of e. coli or b. fragilis), or smaller numbers of viable b. fragilis, streptococcus faecalis, staphylococcus albus, neisseria catarrhalis, or solutions of sodium taurocholate or glycocholate were only moderately inhibitory. anaeroboisis had no effe ...	1975	805244
urinary tract infection treated with oxolinic acid.		1975	805351
prevention of folate deficiency by food fortification. ii. absorption of folic acid from fortified staple foods.	the absorption of folic acid from maize, rice and bread fortified with pteroylglutamic acid was compared with that of an aqueous solution of pteroylglutamic acid in the same subjects. feeding fortified maize and rice produced similar increments in folic acid concentration, which were approximately half those observed with the pteroylglutamic acid solution. fortified bread produced a lower increment. pteroylglutamic acid was found to resist destruction by boiling and baking at temperatures and ti ...	1975	805518
bacteriology of the gallbladder bile in normal subjects.	a bacteriologic analysis of the gallbladder bile in eighty patients who underwent operation was performed in a prospective study. in all twenty patients with a normal gallbladder as assessed by oral cholecystography and intraoperative palpation, cultured were negative. among patients with chronic cholecystitis only 30 per cent had positive bile cultures and this rose to 47 per cent among patients with acute cholecystitis.	1975	805546
asymptomatic bacteriuria in schoolchildren in newcastle upon tyne.	a screening survey for asymptomatic bacteriuria (asb) in 13464 schoolgirls aged 4 to 18 years in newcastle upon tyne showed an overall prevalence of 1.9%. in girls 4 to 6 years it was 1.4%, in girls aged 7 to 11 years it was 2.5%, in girls aged 12 to 18 years it was 1.6%, a statistically significant rise and fall. renal scarring was found in 39 (15%) of 254 girls with asb. neither the prevalence nor the severity of renal scarring increased with age. there was no association between asb and socia ...	1975	805569
tagatose-1, 6-diphosphate activation of lactate dehydrogenase from streptococcus cremoris.		1975	805590
antiplasmodial efficacy of 2,4--diaminopyrimidine0sylfonamide combinations, especially against chloroquine-resistant malaria.	this presentation deals with the historical development of the antifolate pyrimidines and related compounds, first as antimalarial substances and later as potent antibacterial agents. it describes the first quantitation of the combined action, through sequential blockade, of the substances with sulfonamides, and outlines the usefulness of the combinations in the therapy of normally sensitive and multiresistant strains of plasmodium falciparum.	1975	805650
a numerical taxonomic study of coryneform and related bacteria.	two hundred and thirty-three strains of coryneform bacteria, including representatives of the genera arthrobacter, brevibacterium, cellulomonas, corynebacterium, erysipelothrix, jensenia, kurthia, listeria, microbacterium, mycobacterium, nocardia and propionibacterium and other related bacteria, were studied using 173 morphological, physiological and biochemical tests. the bacteria were grown on a soil extract medium which allowed growth of all the strains, and all were incubated at 30 degrees c ...	1975	805825
letter: identification of enterococci.		1975	805853
methotrexate: distribution in cerebrospinal fluid after intravenous, ventricular and lumbar injections.	the kinetics and distribution of methotrexate in intraventricular and intrathecal cerebrospinal-fluid spaces were studied in patients with meningeal leukemia and meningeal carcinomatosis after drug administration by intravenous infusion, indwelling intraventricular subcutaneous reservoir (ommaya), or standard lumbar puncture. negligible ventricular concentrations followed a single intravenous dose. during an intravenous infusion (500 mg per square meter for 24 hours) the ventricular cerebrospina ...	1975	806016
[nature of bacteriocins].	the bacteriocins comprise a large, heterogeneous group of bactericidal substances produced by bacteria from widely differing species. the best known bacteriocins are the colicins. some aspects of research on colicins are discussed especially their chemical nature and mode of action, and their genetic determinants.	1975	806026
determination of site of infection in endocarditis.	medical-surgical treatment of antibiotic refractory endocarditis requires determination of the site of infection, which is not always possible with conventional cardiac catheterization. the cases of two patients with right-sided endocarditis who survived after combined medical-surgical therapy are presented. one had persistent pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia and three possible sites of infection. multiple quantitative blood cultures proximal and distal to each suspected site indicated the pulm ...	1975	806245
simple technique for the assay of antibiotic synergism against enterococci.	a simple technique with antibiotic-impregnated disks has been developed to demonstrate the antibiotic synergism of penicillins and aminoglycosides against enterococci. the two antibiotic disks are placed on inoculated plates so that the distance between their centers is less than the sum of the two radii of their previously determined inhibitory zones. after 5 h of incubation, beta-lactamase powder is dusted onto the susceptibility plate with a sterile cotton swab. after overnight incubation, th ...	1975	806260
alpha-methyl-l-glutamic acid uptake by high affinity dicarboxylic amino acid transport system in streptococcus faecalis.	the transport of alpha-methyl-l-glutamic acid was studied in streptococcus faecalis. energey-dependent uptake against substantial concentration gradients was observed. kinetic experiments indicated that, in contrast to l-glutamic acid, only a single catalytic component (high affinity) and a diffusion controlled process participated in alpha-methyl-l-glutamic acid uptake. at concentrations up to 10 mm, alpha-methyl-glutamate transport was almost completely abolished in a mutant strain lacking a h ...	1975	806303
some observations on the caecal microflora of the chick during the first two weeks of life.	1. changes in the caecal flora of chicks aged from approximately 3 h to 14 d were studied. 2. counts obtained by means of a conventional anaerobic plating method and a method for the stricter anaerobes remained comparable throughout but occasionally it was found that strains of anaerobic bacteria isolated from the predominant flora of 4- to 14-d-old birds could not be grown when tested by the conventional method. 3. during the 14-d period approximately 100% of the organisms isolated on anaerobic ...	1975	806330
vitamin b12 absorption in x-irradiated rats.	the effect of whole-body exposure of rats to a sub-lethal dose (400 rad) of x-rays on the absorptive capacity of intestinal mucosal cells for vitamin b12 has been studied. the rate of absorption of vitamin b12 from the intestinal loops is decreased in x-irradiated rat. inclusion of gastric juice from normal rat does not improve the rate. a severe interference in the absorption and retention of orally fed (57-co)-b12, as evidenced by low serum levels, decreased organ uptake and increased excretio ...	1975	806449
[activity of biseptol, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim against gram positive cocci].		1975	806754